Murmushi. Kuma duniya tayi murmushi tare da kai. Frown kuma fuskar ku ta faɗi kuma ya tsoratar da yara.
Mataki na ashirin da daga Gazette na Gaggawa
A cewar masana ilimin harshe, idan baku yawaita murmushi ba, a kan lokaci, zai fito a fuskarku. Ba tare da aikatawa ba, murmushin tsokoki na rauni da bushewa. Haushi, baƙin ciki da fushi suna maimaita tsokoki da tsoka zuwa cikin “murmushin da ba shi da ƙarfi” - a nan ne maimakon yin murmushi, tunowa a kusurwar bakin yana jan murmushinku ƙasa. Wannan tasirin yana iya zama dindindin wasu mutane kuma suna mantuwa cikin mantuwa.
Kamar kowane mutum wanda ya ci karo da wannan ka'idar, na bincika gefen bakina don ganin inda fuskata ta tsaya. Babu shakka fuskoki sun kasance ta hanyoyi daban-daban, kuma murmushi sama ko ƙasa ba lallai ba ne ya zama ma'anar komai. Hakanan kuma wataƙila yana yi. Nazarin ya nuna cewa ƙananan yara suna da fargaba game da murmushin ƙasa kuma har ma manya suna yin taka tsan-tsan da shi.
Kodayake ba ze zama kamar masana ilimin halayyar dan adam sun fahimci lamarin ba, tabbas likitocin filastik suna da. Yanzu zaku iya samun zabinku na Snap On Smiles, Botox Smiles da Murmushi Sauya inda aka yage jijiyoyi kuma aka haɗa su, an sake sassaka nama kuma ana saka abubuwa masu ɗumbin yawa a baki. Kwararrun sun yi iƙirarin za su iya juya gaban fuska a zahiri. Don haka zama cikin zullumi kamar yadda kuke so ku zama. Don tarin kuɗi, koyaushe kuna iya sake sintar da murmushin da aka manna a fuskarku.
“Bayan lokaci,” in ji Allan Pease, masanin yaren jiki kuma marubucin littafin Definitive Book of Body Language, “fuska tana zama tarihi na dindindin na rayuwar mutum. Akwai tsohuwar kalma: 'Bayan 40, fuskarku ita ce laifinku,' amma a zahiri ma hakan ya gabata. "
Wata kila, abin da ke damuwa game da ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayoyi yana da wata hujja ta fili game da matsalar matsalar fuska:
Ƙara ƙara.
Suna murmushi a cikin al'ada kuma ya jawo ƙwayar murmushi. Za'a iya saurin murmushin murmushi ta hanyar jagorancin rayuwa mai farin ciki. Amma ta yaya? Wurafi yayin da kake aiki? Waƙa a cikin shawa. Yi tarayya da al'ada?
Wani fannin kimiyya mai tasowa ya nuna cewa wasu daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan farin ciki ba'a samunsu cikin mutane, ana samunsu tsakanin mutane. Nazarin halaye masu yaduwa, motsin zuciyar da kuka "kama" daga wasu, ya ba da haske game da abin da mutane ke haifar da juna. Lokacin da muke tunanin yaduwa, yawanci zamuyi tunanin cutar sanyi da SARS. Amma cututtukan mutane na murmushi, runguma da dariya sun fara samun sabon kulawa.
Wani binciken da aka buga a watan Nuwamba 2006, na ƙungiyar masana kimiyyar jijiyoyin jijiyoyi a Kwalejin Jami'ar London, ya tabbatar da lokacin dunkulallen hannu wani abu da watakila galibinmu da muke zarginsa - cewa dariya ta yadu. Koyaya, wataƙila binciken na biyu ne wanda yafi birgewa.
A yayin gwajin, masana kimiyya sun gwada tasirin kwakwalwa ga abubuwa daban-daban daga dariya, don tsoron kyama. A tsawon karatun su, sun auna yaduwar maganganun. Abin da ya ba masana kimiyya mamaki shine sun ɗauka mummunan abu kamar tsoro ko fushi zai haifar da mafi ƙarfi martani. Bayan haka, masana'antar nishaɗi - musamman TV, fina-finai da wasannin bidiyo - kuma yawancin 'yan siyasa gaba ɗaya suna aiki ne daga wannan tunanin. Amma yayin da suke kallon kwakwalwar da ke haskakawa a karkashin sikanin fMRI, sai ya zama kamar amsawar jijiyoyin jiki ga motsin rai mai kyau galibi ya fi girma dangane da harkar ƙasa da tasirinta. Musamman dariya mai saurin yaduwa. Lokacin da dariya ta ci gaba, hakan yakan haifar da jerin gwano a cikin kwakwalwar mutum na kusa wanda ke haifar da murmushi, dariya da bugun zuciya. Kodayake ba batun gwajin bane, sakamakon ya kasance bude ido.
“Misali, idan na ji wani ya yi kururuwa cikin tsoro,” in ji jagoran masu binciken kuma masanin ilimin jijiyoyin jiki Sophie Scott, “Ina iya jin tsoro amma ba lallai ne in fara ihu ba. Idan na ji wani ya yi dariya, duk da haka, tabbas zan fara murmushi. Kuma lokacin da kuka kalle shi, kallon halayen da mutane suke yi kusan kusan tabbatacce ne. ”
Koyaya, ɓangaren duhun wannan halayyar suma sun ƙara bayyana. Tun daga abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 11 ga Satumba, ana samun karuwar barkewar annobar cututtukan kwakwalwa. Anan ne abin da ke firgita zai haifar da fargaba ba zato ba tsammani kuma mutane a zahiri ke haifar da alamun cututtuka ko guba mai yiwuwa ba su da shi. Wannan ya faru yayin da mutane suka ji ƙanshin abubuwa masu ban mamaki a cikin jirgin ƙasa ko bas kuma sunyi imanin cewa an sanya musu guba ko cuta, kodayake basu da hakan. Tsoro, kamar murmushi, na iya haifar da martani mai zurfi ba da son rai ba.
Fahimtar yadda halayyar yaduwa ke aiki yana da hanyar bayyana abin da mutane suka kasance. Misali, yanzu mun fara gano menene murmushin dabi'a, ta yiwu saboda mun fara da wuri. Tunani na yau da kullun yana da jarirai masu koyon murmushi 'yan watanni bayan haihuwa, tare da manyan likitoci galibi suna danganta murmushin farko ga "gas." A shekarar 2004, farfesa Stuart Campbell, a asibitin kirkirar lafiya na Landan, ya yi amfani da tsarin bincike 4D - wani sabon salon duban dan tayi - ya bayyana cewa jarirai sun fara murmushi a cikin mahaifar.
"Na ga murmushi a fuskar tayi tun makonni 18," in ji shi a wata hira. "Kuna ganin su a kai a kai a makonni 24."
Duk da cewa Campbell ba ta da tabbacin abin da ke haifar da murmushin, ko jariran za su iya “kama” su daga iyayensu mata, murmushin suna da saurin yaduwa a kowane lokaci.
“Lokacin da uwaye suka ga hotunan jariransu suna murmushi a mahaifar su, koyaushe sukan fara murmushi da dariya da haske. Suna cikin farin ciki. ”
Dawowarsa na farko zai iya bayyana dalilin da ya sa abubuwa kaɗan sun fi kwari fiye da murmushi. Ɗauki labarin mai ban mamaki na mutum uku masu murmushi wanda aka ajiye a ƙofar Dutsen Royal Metro.
François Provost, wanda nauyinsa yakai fam 280, yana jagorantar wani rukunin wayar da kan mutane game da kitsen mai, MÉGARS. Idan ana so a shiga, dole a zama babba, an yi kiba kuma an saka mafi wando mai girman 42. “Mégas” kamar yadda aka san su sun yanke shawarar yin fim ɗin haɗuwa da maraba da gaishe yan makonni da suka gabata a Montreal. Sun tsaya suna murmushi tare da daga hannayensu a tashar Mount Royal métro. Wataƙila saboda sun kasance mutane uku ne masu kyan gani, amma sun yi mamakin yadda mutane suka yi musu murmushi.
Akwai bayani mai ban sha'awa game da wannan. Wata ƙungiyar bincike ta Sweden a Jami'ar Uppsala ta nuna cewa yawanci murmushi ba shi da ƙarfi. Saboda murmushi yana haifar da sani, za mu yi murmushi kafin mu sami damar yin tunani game da shi. Don guje wa murmushi dole ne muyi aiki a ciki, wanda mutane da yawa sukeyi. Don haka idan muka hau matakala muka ga manyan mutane uku suna mana murmushi, yawancinmu za mu yi murmushi.
Amma wannan shi ne inda yake samun m.
Mutane 3 maza suna da kyamara kuma suna shirin shirya bidiyon video na Free Hugs yakin domin shafin yanar gizon. Hugs na yau da kullum shi ne motsa jiki na kasa da kasa da aka yi a 2004 da Juan Mann, wani matashiya na Australia wanda ya fara farawa da baƙi a wani wuri a Sydney, ya haifar da yaduwar duniya wanda ya haifar da haɗari da kuma cutar YouTube.
"Mun yi niyyar matsawa wasu 'yan mutane su rungume mu don nuna cewa mutane na iya son samari ma," in ji shi.
Provost ya ce abin da ya ba su mamaki shi ne ba sa bukatar matsawa wani. Lokacin da mutane suka ga manyan mutane suna murmushi, kawai sai suka hau kan su suka rungume su, da dama.
"Lokacin da mutane suka gan mu sai suka zo wurinmu suka rungume mu, galibi cikin sha'awa," in ji shi. "Mutane sun zo kusa da mu sun rungume mu, baki baki, kawai sai suka zabura cikin hannayenmu," in ji shi. "Ya ɗan yi hauka."
Lallai mahaukaci ne. Dama a cikin filin gaban métro, mégas ɗin sun fara wani irin tarzoma. Na ga bidiyon, kuma mutane suna tsalle a cikin hannayensu. Abinda ya fara a matsayin ɗan wasa sai ya zama ƙaunatacciyar ƙaunata ta soyayya ga manyan mutane, waɗanda suka ƙare da runguma sama da 400 Montrealers.
Provost ya ce "Kowa da kowa, yaro da babba, mace da namiji, anglo da franco," “Wata mata ta rungume ni ta ce, kawai na rasa mahaifiyata kuma ba ni da wani iyali da ya rage. Riƙe ni ya sa na ji daɗi sosai. ”
Duk da yake menene har yanzu suna da damuwa da abin da ya faru da kwarewarsu yana da kwarewa a cikin kimiyya na halin halayen.
"Mutane da yawa sun gaya mana cewa mun sanya ranar su," in ji mamba memba Daniel Lafond, "amma sun sanya ranar mu."
Marubuci kuma farfesa a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam na Jami'ar Virginia Jonathan Haidt ya yi imanin cewa akwai tasirin ilimin lissafi da ke haifar da halaye masu yaduwa. Haidt da kansa ya ƙirƙira sabuwar kalmar gaba ɗaya "ɗaukaka" don bayyana yanayin jin daɗin da aka samu yayin da muka ga ayyukan alheri da "kyawawan halaye."
Ana jin dutsen da zafi a cikin tsakiyar kirji.
“Masana halayyar dan adam sun gudanar da bincike mai yawa kan mummunan halin ɗabi’a, wanda mutane ke ji yayin da suka ga ayyukan mugunta, rashin adalci, da rashin da’a. Duk da haka ba a san komai game da kyawawan halayen kirki ba, ”in ji Haidt.
Haidt ya fada min a wata hira cewa ya samu wannan ra'ayin ne daga daya daga cikin iyayen da suka kafa Amurka, Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson ya taba rubuta wasika yana mai lura da cewa ya sami “nitsuwa” a kirji da kuma “maɗaukaki” yayin da yake la’akari da ayyukan “kyawawan halaye.”
Mutane na iya fuskantar ɗaukaka yayin da suka ga iyali sun haɗu a kan labarai, lokacin da aka ceci wata tsohuwa - ko kuma wataƙila lokacin da suka rungumi juna ba zato ba tsammani.
A gaskiya ma, wannan ƙwarewar samar da haɗin haɗarin hormone daidai daga tsakiya na ƙirjinmu na iya bayyana abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwo. Nazarin ya nuna cewa mata da aka kama suna da ƙananan cututtukan zuciya. Yana iya kasancewa cewa haɗuwa kanta yana tafiya da jijiya mai karfi tare da lambar kirji-to-chest.
Idan ba ku yarda da ni ba, yi ƙoƙari ku rungumi wani a yanzu. Ya kamata ka lura da taɓa zafi a tsakiyar kirjin. Wannan zai zama farkon haɓaka.
Haidt ya nuna nauyin ciwon naman, wanda ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa yana kwantar da tsakiyar kirji kuma cikin zuciya tare da samar da sakamako. Tsawon naman gwargwadon motsa jiki yana haifar da karuwa a oxytocin, ƙaunar ƙaunar da yake nunawa ga iyaye mata da yara da kuma masoya a cikin haske mai haske. A lokacin da motar ta jijiyar daji, glandar thymus da zuciya sun hada da oxytocin, watakila taimakawa wajen bayyana dalilin da yasa mutane da dama suna jin cewa dabi'a ta fito daga zuciya.
Amma menene ya faru da manyan maza a cikin fugituwa?
Na tambayi Provost ko ya tuna da abin da ke cikin jiki.
“Na’am. Na ji wani dadi, a cikin zuciyata, ”in ji shi.
Na yi hakuri don magani, amma na tambayi mafi mahimmanci inda ake jin?
"A gaskiya, yana tsakiyar, tsakiyar kirjina," in ji shi.
Girman hawa yana da abubuwa uku na jiki. Na farko zai kasance mai dumi a tsakiyar kirji, na biyu na karar bakin, kuma na uku na kallon idanun tare da murmushi. Wadannan zasu iya haifar da abu daya kawai, aboki na aboki, don kawai wannan jijiyar yana iya hada dukkanin wadannan halayen. Haidt ya aiko mini da sabon binciken da ya yi a kan tudu inda ya ke tafiya, ya nuna cewa mahaifiyar mahaifiyar lactate lokacin da suke kallon girman.
Duk da yake manyan mutane ba su tuna lactating, wani abu kuma ya faru.
"Na kasance a kusa da hawaye," in ji Provost mai fam 280.
"Haka na kasance," in ji abokin aikinsa mai suna Daniel Lafond. "Duk lokacin."
Na tambayi Lafond ko ya tuna abin da ke faruwa a wuyansa.
"Maƙogwaro ya matsa," in ji shi.
Abin da nake so game da Ka'idar Harkokin Hanya yana nuna cewa muna da kyau ta hanyar dabi'a. Halinmu na yaudara ya zo mana da sauƙi, ta jiki da kuma jiki, ba tare da bukatar haɓakawa da yin tunani ba.
"Ina jin sa'a sosai," in ji Provost, "don in zauna a cikin ƙasar da zan iya hawa in rungumi baƙi ƙwarai."
Na bayyana wurin da Farfesa Haidt yake.
"Wancan tsayi ne," in ji shi. Hawan yana yaduwa sosai. Wataƙila wani ɓangare ne daga cikin mutanen da suka ga juna suna motsawa kuma an cika su kawai. ”
Ba tare da yin ɗabi'a ko yin tunani da yawa ba, akwai darasi anan. Dalilin yin murmushi yana da ƙarfi shi ne cewa ya kai ga rarraba tsakanin mutane kuma ya haɗa mu ba da sani ba da gangan. Masana kimiyya sun fara gano cewa halaye marasa amfani na iya haifar da mafi kyawunmu. Muna kawai gina wannan hanya. Don haka, koda muna so mu zama masu gunaguni, jikinmu yana son runguma, murmushi da dariya tare da mutane. Kawai muna bukatar mu fita daga hanya ne.
Yayinda masu yanke hukunci har yanzu ke kan ko muna da waya da kyau fiye da mara kyau, abin da ke da mahimmanci shi ne cewa za mu iya shafar wannan igiyar. Gwargwadon yadda muke, ta hanyar dokar yaduwar cutar, haka nan za mu iya zama mai yuwuwar dawowa, kuma za mu iya zama masu kyau. Kodayake ba su neme shi ba, manyan mutane sun sami soyayya a inda ba su zata ba, tsakanin baƙi, kuma wannan kwarewar ta sa mugawa suna murmushi na awanni.
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Abubuwa 10 da suke baka murmushi - ta dabi'a da son rai
1. Ƙananan yara.
2. Girgiya mai haɗari.
3. Girma (labari).
4. Kyakkyawan barci.
5. Hugging.
6. Ganawa da gaisuwa ga mutane.
7. Rike hannayensu.
8. Tunatar da lokutan kirki.
9. Kawai don dariya gags.
10. Da yake murmushi.
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