ʻO ka moekolohe a ka wahine: Ka hopena o ke kiʻi wahine a me ka Narcissistic a me ka Histrionic Personalidad Disorder traits (2019)

COMMENTS: ʻAʻole wale nā ​​kāne i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka porn hoʻohana. ʻO kahi noiʻi hou e pili ana i nā wahine e hoʻopili i ka porn a me ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i ka porn me ka hana moekolohe, e like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e ʻona a pakanā a hoʻohana paha i kahi mea ʻona, honi mau ʻana a hoʻopā, Emotional manipulation / hoʻopunipuni e moekolohe, etc.

Nānā: ka huaʻōlelo "hoʻoikaika e komo" e hōʻike i nā kolohe ponokala kiʻi.

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Hoʻopili i ka wahine Behav. 2019ʻOiaʻiʻo 7. hana: 10.1007 / s10508-019-01538-4.

Nā Hughes A1, Brewer G2, ʻO Khan R3.

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo

Ua nānā nui ʻole ʻia i loko o nā puke, ua noiʻi ʻia kēia noi ʻana i nā mea e hoʻohuli i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka wahine i ka moekolohe. ʻO ke kikoʻī, hoʻohana ʻia nā ponokala kiʻi a me nā ʻano maʻi pilikino i hoʻopili ʻia me ka kaohi impulse maikaʻi ʻole, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka naʻau, a me ke ʻano o ka makemake i ka moekolohe. Ua kiʻi ʻia nā wahine (N = 142) 16-53 mau makahiki (M = 24.23, SD = 7.06) mai nā kaiāulu a me nā heluna haumāna. Ua hoʻopau nā mea i komo i ka subscrales Narcissistic and Histrionic o ka Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4, me ka hoʻohui ʻia o ka Cyber-Pornography Use Inventory e ʻimi i ka mana o kā lākou ponokala kiʻi hoʻohana (hoihoi, nā hana e pili pū me nā ponokala kiʻi, a me ka compulsivity) i kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i ka moekolohe . Ua ana ʻia kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻehā o ka Postrefusal Sexual Persistence Scale: ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻole i ka moekolohe, ka hana ʻino a me ka hoʻopunipuni, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea ʻona, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikaika kino a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻoweliweli. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano loiloi hou ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka porn, nā hana narcissistic, a me nā ʻano histrionic i wānana mua i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka moe kolohe moe kolohe, ka hoʻokalakupua a me ka hoʻopunipuni, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hoʻohālikelike. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke ʻano me nā kiʻi kiʻi kikowaena he mea nui i wānana i ka moe kolohe a me ke ʻano hoʻopunipuni a me ka hoʻopunipuni a me ka hoʻopunipuni, ʻOiai he mea nui ka ʻona o ka histrionic mea nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻalā. Ua kūkākūkā ʻia nā ʻike e pili ana i ka palapala moʻoʻepekema pili i nā hanana a me ka ʻimi hoʻokolokolo hou aʻe.

KAHIKI: Ke kāne wahine; ʻAno hele kūlana pālua; Nā hiʻohiʻona pilikino Narcissistic; Hōʻike pono kiʻi

PMID: 31591667

DOI: 10.1007/s10508-019-01538-4

Introduction

Uaʻike mua ka noiʻi kūloko pili i ka moʻo ʻana o ke kāne a me ka wahine wahine hōʻino. Ke hōʻike nei kēia ala ākea i ka pelekikena honua o nā kāne ʻuhane a me ke ʻano o ka wahine a me ke ʻano o ka wahine (Denov, ; ʻO Krahé & Berger, ). Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka wahine wahine ke hoʻoweliweli aku i nā hoa aloha ʻole (Erulkar,) ; Hines, ) a ua ʻāpono nui nā mea noiʻi i nā nuances i ka pehea e hōʻike ʻia ai kēia (e laʻa me ka hoʻonāukiuki, hoʻomāinoino, a me ka hoʻokau wale ʻana) (Grayston & De Luca, ; ʻO Ménard, Hall, Phung, Ghebrial, & Martin, ). ʻOiai kēia, a me nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ke kino a me ke kino i ʻike ʻia e nā kāne i hōʻeha ʻia (Visser, Smith, Rissel, Richters, & Grulich, ), kahi kuanaʻike nui o ka wahine i ka hopena o ka lawa ʻole o ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mea e wehewehe ai i ka huhū wahine (Campbell & Kohut, ; Denov, ). Pono kēia ʻāpana e hoʻokolokolo ʻia e like me nā ala i ka hōʻeha kolohe i nā kāne a me nā wahine (Krahé & Berger, ), a me nā mea e pili ana i ka hana hoʻomohala i ka kāne a ʻaʻole paha iʻike nui ʻia i ka poʻe hana wahine. ʻOiaʻiʻo, Schatzel-Murphy, Harris, Knight, a me Milburn () ua like no paha ka like o ka kāne a me nā wahine mea hoʻohālikelike a me ke ʻano o nā wahine, a ʻano like ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona o kona hoʻohana ʻana, me ka ʻāwili manuahi (ʻo ia hoʻi, paʻakikī ke kāohi ʻana i nā hana kolohe) i hōʻike ʻia he ʻano ikaika no nā wahine. No laila, ʻo kā mākou noi ʻana, e noiʻi e huli i nā mea pili i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka moekolohe i nā wahine i wehewehe i kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano moe kolohe. Hana kikoʻī, i ka manaʻo o nā mea ʻekolu o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka porno e pili ana i ka hana (hoihoi, nā hana e hoʻohālikelike i ka ponokala, a me ka hoʻokūkū) a me nā ʻano pilikino narcissistic a me ka histrionic i kāʻei ʻia no ka hui ʻana i ka puke me nā hana moekolohe ʻoihana e loaʻa ai ka pilina pili.

Aia ka moekolohe moekolohe ma ka hoʻomau o ka hōʻeuʻeu a me ka wehewehe ʻia e like me "ka hana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaomi, ka wai ʻona a lāʻau lāʻau paha, a i ʻole ka ikaika e moe kolohe me kekahi e kūʻē i kāna makemake" (Struckman-Johnson, Struckman-Johnson, & Anderson, , p.76). Hiki i ke kaipo kanaka me ke ʻano he ʻano ʻano hana i hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā ʻehā he nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana: (1) ka hana hoʻokalakupua (me ka hoʻohālike, ka honi ʻana a me ka hoʻopā ʻana), (2) ka hana hoʻomāinoino (e hoʻohālikelike ʻia, nīnau, a hoʻohana paha i ka mana). (3) ka waiʻona a me ka inu ʻawaʻawa (ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia, ʻona nā mea inu ʻawaʻawa a lawe maikaʻi paha i ka ʻona.) Ma kahi kino nui o ka noiʻi ua hoʻokūʻa ʻia i ʻoi aku nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine i hana i ka hoʻomā ʻana i ke kāne. (See Krahé et al., ), ua uhi kēia i nā hōʻike e hōʻike pū kekahi mahele o nā wahine i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano o ka moekolohe maʻamau (e like me, Hoffmann & Verona, ; Krahé, Waizenhöfer, & Möller, ; Ménard et al., ; ʻO Muñoz, Khan, & Cordwell, ; Russell & Oswald, , ; Struckman-Johnson et al., ). ʻOiai ua ʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hoʻokahi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wahine hoʻokūkū kiʻekiʻe e like me ke 26% (hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 43% no nā kāne) (e ʻike iā Struckman-Johnson et al., ), i ka loiloi o ka palapala, Hines () e helu ana i nā helu ma waena o 10 a me 20% no ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i ka moekolohe, a me 1 a me 3% no ka moekolohe pilikino.

Ma muli o nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻokahuli kāne, ʻaʻole paha he mea kupanaha no ka pili ʻana o nā noiʻi liʻiliʻi i ka correlates o ka wahine a me ka hana hoʻomāoino wahine. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi i nā hopena koʻikoʻi o nā wahine e pili ana i ka paipai ʻana i ke ʻano o ka wahine (eg, Krahé et al., ), ka hana hoʻokau manuahi (Schatzel-Murphy et al., ), nā ʻano antagonistic e pili ana i nā pilina piliʻana (e like me, Anderson, ; ʻO Christopher, Madura, & Weaver, ; ʻO Yost & Zurbriggen, ), a me nā mea e hoʻoweliweli manuahi (e laʻa ʻo Anderson, ; Krahé et al., ; Russell & Oswald, ). Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā noiʻina hou i ka mana o ke ʻano maikaʻi o ka mumū me ke ʻano interpersonal nui (Ménard et al., ) kahi manipulative, pāʻani pāʻani e hoʻokokoke i nā pilina pili loa (Russell & Oswald, , ), a me nā kiʻi ponokala kiʻi (e laʻa me, Kernsmith & Kernsmith, ) laila mākaukau e hāʻawi ai i ke kumu no kēia aʻo.

ʻO ka wahine Wahine o nā ʻIokala

ʻO nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni e pili ana i nā mea moekolohe i hoʻomohala ʻia a hoʻopau ʻia e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻāla ʻana i ka moekolohe, i loaʻa i nā ʻano laulā (e like me nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō) a kiʻi pinepine ʻia ma ka pūnaewele (Campbell & Kohut, ). Ua kālele ʻia ka noiʻi i ka mōʻaukala i ke ʻano o ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea ponokala kiʻi i nā ʻano moekolohe kāne a me nā hana. ʻO kahi laʻana, hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā ponokala kiʻi i nā kāne e pili ana i ka moekolohe o nā hoa (Tylka, & Kroon Van Diest, ) a me ke ʻano hana launa ʻole (Stanley et al., ). ʻO ka ʻai nui ʻana o nā mea ponokala kiʻi, ʻo ia paha, pili pili paha i ka hana kolohe kāne (Gonsalves, Hodges, & Scalora, ). Hōʻike ka noiʻi e pili pū nā wahine me nā ponokala kiʻi, ʻoiai ka mea liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā kāne (Ashton, McDonald, & Kirkman, ; Rissel, Richters, de Visser, McKee, Yeung, & Caruana, ). Ma muli o ka like ʻole o ke ʻano hana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manaʻo o nā kiʻi ponokala kiʻi wahine ma waena o nā haʻawina, mai ka 1 a i ka 88% e pili ana i ka laʻana a me ka wehewehe ʻana o ka ponokala kiʻi (Campbell & Kohut, ). I ka hoʻokauwili ʻana i kā lākou helu helu makahiki, ʻo pornhub, kahi pūnaewele hoʻolaha pūnaewele pūnaewele nui, i hōʻike ʻia he hapa ma ka hapaha wale o kā lākou mau malihini kipa he wahine a ʻo ko lākou papa kiʻekiʻe.1 ʻO ka ʻimi a puni ka 2017 i "porn no nā wahine," e hōʻike ana i kahi hoʻonui 1400% (Pornhub Insights, ). ʻOiai kekahi mau noiʻi e hōʻike nei e hoʻohana paha nā wahine i nā ponokala kiʻi me kahi hoa (e laʻa me, Ševčíková & Daneback, ), ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o kā lākou ponokala kiʻi a ʻoi aku ka pinepine i ka wā hoʻokahi ma mua o kahi hoa (Fisher, Kohut, & Campbell, ).

Kūlike me nā noiʻi o nā kiʻi ponokala kāne kāne, ua ʻike ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā wahine i nā ponokala kiʻi e pili pū me nā ʻano e pili ana i ka moekolohe, ka moekolohe, a me nā hana moekolohe (Wright, Bae, & Funk, ). Kākoʻo hou ʻia kēia e kahi meta-analysis hou loa i loaʻa, like me nā kāne, hoʻohana ʻia nā kiʻi ponokala kiʻi wahine me ka hoʻoweliweli wahine, ʻelua ma ka waha (ʻo ia hoʻi, "coercive waha akā ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli i ke kamaʻilio e loaʻa ai ka moekolohe, a me ka hoʻomāʻewaʻewa kolohe") (ie, "hoʻohana a hoʻoweliweli paha i ka ikaika kino e loaʻa ai ka moekolohe") (Wright, Tokunaga, & Kraus, , p.191). ʻO ka helu liʻiliʻi o nā noi ʻana ma kēia wahi ka mea i maopopo ʻole i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā wahine i nā ponokala kiʻi. I hoʻokahi o ia ʻano noiʻi, ua ʻike ʻia ka wānana ʻia o nā kiʻi pono ʻole i nā ʻano wahine āpau (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hana ʻino, ka hoʻopunipuni, ke kuleana, a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka naʻau) koe wale no ka hana ʻino a me ka hoʻoweliweli (Kernsmith & Kernsmith, ). Aia ke aloha o nā puke nūpepa e hōʻike ana i kahi kūlike no ka noiʻi hou aku i kēia mea, no laila ke noʻonoʻo nei mākou i ʻekolu mau mea e hoʻohana ai nā kiʻi wahine a ka wahine, ʻo ia nō (1) makemake i nā kiʻi, a me nā hana ʻo 2 e hana pū me nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ma kahi hou i (3) ka hana hoʻomālamalama kiʻi porn. , ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia e pili ana i kona hui ʻana me nā hōʻino pilikino kāne kāne (eg, Gonsalves et al., ).

Nā Piʻomanaʻo Narcissistic a me Histrionic Personalidad Disorder

Hiki paha i nā hiʻohiʻona pilikino ke hōʻike aku i ka hiki ke ʻano o ka wahine i ka wahine (Krahé et al., ; Russell, Doan, & Mōʻī, ). ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka maʻi pilikino Cluster B, hoʻokalakupua, a me ka erratic (pili i ka kaohi impulse maikaʻi ʻole, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka naʻau, a me ka huhū) i mea nui i ka huhū wahine (Mouilso & Calhoun, ). No ka hoʻohālikelike, ka pilikia pilikino narcissistic (NPD), i loaʻa i nā kāne (7.7%) a me nā wahine (4.8%) a me ka nui o 6.2% o ka nui o ka lehulehu (Stinson et al., ), ke hōʻike ʻia e kahi ʻano nani o ka pilikino, ka hoʻoilina, a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no nā poʻe ʻē aʻe (Emmons, ). I nā kāne, pili maikaʻi nā ʻano narcissistic pilikino me nā manaʻo kākoʻo lōkō a pili maikaʻi ʻole ʻia me ka minamina no nā mea i loaʻa i ka pōpō (Bushman, Bonacci, van Dijk, & Baumeister, ), ʻoiai ʻo NPD e pili ana i ka hana kolohe ʻana (Mouilso & Calhoun, ). Hōʻike nā wahine me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka narcissism i ka kamaʻilio pilina maikaʻi ʻole (Lamkin, Lavner, & Shaffer, ) a ʻoi aku paha ke komo i ka moekolohe kolohe (Zeigler-Hill, Besser, Morag, & Campbell, ). Pili mau, pili ka narcissism me ka hana a nā wahine i ka moekolohe (Kjellgren, Priebe, Svedin, Mossige, & Långström, ; Logan, ), me ke kuleana kūpono / exploitativeness i loaʻa i mana nui loa (Blinkhorn, Lyons, & Almond, ; ʻO Ryan, Weikel, & Sprechini, ). Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻike ʻia nā wahine nui i loko o ka narcissism e like me ka huakaʻi a kā lākou kāne kāne i kū i ka hopena me ka hoʻomau a me nā hana hoʻohālikelike hoʻonaninani ma hope o ka hōʻole ʻia i ka wā o ka moekolohe (Blinkhorn et al., ). Ma ka ʻāpana, hiki i kēia ʻano hana ke hōʻike i ka makemake i nā poʻe narcissistic e hana i ka moekolohe i mea e hoʻokō ai i kā lākou pono no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana iā lākou iho (Gewirtz-Meydan, ).

Loaʻa ʻia ma 1 – 3% o ka lehulehu ka nui (Torgersen et al., ) a hōʻike ʻelua mau manawa i ka wahine ma mua o nā kāne (Torgersen, Kringlen, & Cramer, ), nā ʻae e pili pū ana i ka maʻi histrionic personality (HPD) i ka mamao o ka ʻimi ʻia ʻana ma mua o ka NPD e pili ana i ka hana hoʻomāinoino. Kēia mea kupanaha me ka wehewehe ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona o HPD me ka manaʻo nui o ka naʻau, ka huhū, ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano, a i ʻole a i ʻole a hoʻokūkū ka lawehala (APA,) ; Dorfman, ; Pohaku, ). Hoʻopili a me ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole o ka leʻaleʻa lohi (Bornstein & Malka, ; Pohaku, ), makemake nā wahine me HPD i ka hōʻoia a me ka nānā mai nā hoa pili (AlaviHejazi, Fatehizade, Bahrami, & Etemadi, ). ʻO kahi noiʻi i hoʻohālikelike i nā wahine me HPD i kahi pūʻulu kūlike me ka ʻole o nā ʻano pilikino ʻike ʻia ua hana hewa ʻole lākou i ka moekolohe a hōʻike i ka nui o ka moekolohe a me ka luhi ʻana i ka moekolohe me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka moekolohe a me ka hauʻoli o ka pilina (Apt & Hurlbert, ). Eia kekahi, manaʻo ʻo Apt lāua ʻo Hurlbert i hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano kolohe HPD i ka moeʻuhane, aʻo Widiger a me Trull () ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hui pū ʻia paha nā ʻano HPD a me NPD. ʻO ke ʻano koʻikoʻi, manipulative, a me nā moekolohe kolohe i ʻike ʻia i loko o kēia mau aʻo ʻana o nā wahine me NPD a me HPD e pili pono ana i ke kūlike ʻana me nā noiʻi e hōʻike nei i nā mea e hōʻike ana i ka hana ʻana o ka wahine i ka moekolohe. (Eg, Russell & Oswald, , ; Schatzel-Murphy et al., ) a me ka hoʻohana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi (eg, Wright et al., , ). No laila, pono kahi noiʻi hou e nānā i ka hopena o nā hiʻohiʻona o ka HPD a me ka NPD a me nā kiʻi hoka i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka wahine i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana kolohe.

Nānāʻimi

Nānā kēia noiʻi i ka mana o ka ponokalaʻau e hoʻohana ai a me nā ʻano pilikino narcissistic a me ka histrionic ma nā ʻano ʻehā o ka moekolohe. E kūlike me nā noiʻi i hala, ua wānana mākou i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā ponokala kiʻi (e laʻa me Kernsmith & Kernsmith, ; Wright et al., ) a me nā ʻano pilikino narcissistic a histrionic (eg, Apt & Hurlbert, ; Blinkhorn et al., ; Kjellgren et al., ; Logan, ; Ryan et al., ) e pili nui i nā mea he nui i ʻekolu mau ʻano o ka hana kolohe (ʻo ia hoʻi, nonousbal sex arousal, hoʻonaninani ka manaʻo a me ka hoʻopunipuni, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hoʻoluhi). Ua ʻano mua mākou i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi a me nā ʻano pilikino e pili ana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano ʻehā o ka hana kūlohelohe (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ikaika kino a i ʻole hoʻoweliweli) e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻole ʻia i ka noiʻi ma mua.

hana

Nā mea komo a me ka Hoʻomākaukau

He 142 mau wahine, he 16-53 mau makahiki (M = 24.23, SD = 7.06), komo i kēia hoʻopaʻa. ʻO ka maʻamau o nā wahine i ka pilina lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ma mua o 6 mau mahina (n = 53.5%). ʻO nā mea i koe i koe he hoʻokahi a hemo paha (n = 24.7%), i ka pili manawa pōkole (n = 11.3%), a male paha (n = 10.6%). ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea i komo he heterosexual (n = 85.2%), me ka helu liʻiliʻi o bisexual (n = 11.3%) a me ka moe kāne (n = 3.5%) hōʻuluʻulu wahine. Ma lalo o ka hapalua wale nō (n = 43%) o kēia mau wahine i hōʻike e hoʻohana nei lākou i nā ponokala kiʻi. ʻAʻole ʻikepili ʻikepili ʻē aʻe i hōʻiliʻili ʻia. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻelua ʻano o ka laʻana manawa kūpono e ʻohiʻohi i ka ʻike mai kahi laʻana like ʻole o nā wahine ma mua o 16 mau makahiki, i ka haumāna a me ka heluna kaiāulu, me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o ka moʻolelo hōʻeha. Ua hāʻawi manawaleʻa ka poʻe i komo e hoʻopiha i kahi pepa a nīnau paha ma ka pūnaewele, i manaʻo ʻia e lawe i 15 min. ʻAʻole i hāʻawi ʻia ka uku no ka hana ʻana i kēia noi.

Ua lawe ʻia nā mea komo ma o ka papa haumāna komo hoʻonaʻauao a me nā wahi leʻaleʻa i loko o ke kula nui ma ʻEnelani, a me ka kaiāulu kaiaulu, i loko o nā hale kūʻai kūʻai (n = 37). Ua hāʻawi ka mea kākau mua i nā puke nīnūnē i nā mea komo i hoʻonoho ʻia i loko o kahi envelope nona iho, e hōʻoia i ka hoʻi pilikino a me ka inoa ʻole. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻae hoʻomaopopo, ua haʻi waha ʻia ka poʻe komo i ka ʻano inoa inoa ʻole a me ka manawaleʻa o ka nīnau, a ua haʻi hou ʻia ma kahi pepa ʻōlelo pili i ka nīnau nīnau. Ua hoʻomaopopo pū ʻia kēia pepa ʻōlelo ninaninau e pono e hoʻopiha wale i nā nīnau nīnau a ʻo ka hoʻi ʻana o nā nīnau nīnau i hōʻike ʻia ka ʻae no ka hoʻohana i ka ʻike. Ma ka pā kula, ua haʻi ʻia i nā poʻe komo hiki iā lākou ke waiho i nā nīnau ninaninau i loko o nā enopope e hoʻi ai i ka mea noiʻi me ka lima a i kahi pahu kulu paʻa paʻa i loko o kahi lumi waiwai haumāna Ua ʻākoakoa pū ʻia nā mea i komo ma o nā ʻano snowballing e hoʻohana nei i nā hoʻolaha ʻana ma ka pāpili ma Facebook a me Twitter (n = 108). Ua kikoʻī kēia mau pou i nā pahuhopu o ke aʻo a ua kono ʻia nā wahine e komo ma ke kaomi ʻana i kahi hyperlink i hoʻohuli iā lākou e nānā i ka nīnau nīnau ma ka pūnaewele, no laila hiki ke hoʻopau paʻa ʻia a mamao loa hoʻi.

Pākuhi

Kaʻu Pūnaewele: Postrefusal Scual Persistence Scale (PSP Scale, Struckman-Johnson et al., )

ʻO ka PSP Scale kahi ana 19-mea o ka hoʻomau moekolohe postrefusal, wehewehe ʻia e alualu ʻana i ka moekolohe me kahi hoa ma hope o ka hōʻole mua ʻana. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pālākiō i ʻehā mau paukū e hōʻike ana i nā pae like ʻole o ka moekolohe: (1) nā hana hoʻowalewale moekolohe ʻole (ʻekolu mau mea, e laʻa, "honi mau ʻana a hoʻopā"); (2) ka hoʻoponopono manipona a me nā hoʻolālā hoʻopunipuni (ʻewalu mau mea, e laʻa, "Hoʻoweliweli e haki"); (3) ka hana ʻino ʻana i ka mea ʻona (ʻelua mau mea, e laʻa, "Hoʻomoe ʻona iā lākou a ʻona"), a (4) hoʻohana i ka ikaika kino a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻoweliweli (ʻeono mau mea, e laʻa, "nakinaki iā lākou"). Ua helu ʻia nā huahana 1 (ʻae) a i ʻole 0 (ʻaʻole), me nā helu kiʻekiʻe e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻohana ʻoi aku o ka hoʻoikaika kino. Ua huikau ʻia ka hilinaʻi kūloko no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i nā noi i hala (e laʻa me Khan, Brewer, Kim, & Centifanti, ), i hōʻike ʻia i loko o kēia noiʻi ʻana: ʻo ka nonverbal sexual arousal (α = .81); ka hana hoʻopunipuni a me ka hoʻopunipuni (α = .39); ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea ʻona (α = .38); a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikaika kino a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻoweliweli (α = .00).

Hoʻohana Kiʻi Kiʻi Pūnaewele: Cyber-Ponokala Hoʻohana Inventory (CPUI, Grubbs, Sessoms, Wheeler, & Volk, )

ʻEkolu mau papa inoa CPUI i hoʻohana ʻia: hoihoi (ʻelua mau mea, ʻo ia hoʻi, "loaʻa iaʻu kekahi mau pūnaewele ponokala i kahakaha ʻia" a "hoʻolilo wau ma mua o 5 h i kēlā me kēia pule me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi pono ʻole"), nā hana e komo pū me nā ponokala kiʻi (ʻelima mau mea, e laʻa, " hoʻoponopono hou i kaʻu papa kuhikuhi i hiki ai iaʻu ke nānā i nā ponokala kiʻi ma ka pūnaewele me ka hoʻohaunaele ʻole ʻia "a" ua hōʻole wau e hele me nā hoaaloha a i ʻole hele i kekahi mau hana kaiaulu e loaʻa ai ka manawa kūpono e nānā ai i nā ponokala kiʻi "), a me ka compulsivity (11 mau mea, e laʻa. "Ke hiki ʻole iaʻu ke kiʻi i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ma ka pūnaewele, hopohopo wau, huhū, a hoʻohoka ʻia paha" a "Manaʻo wau ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke hoʻopau i kaʻu hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi pono ʻole". Hoʻokahi mea hope loa "Manaʻo wau ua lilo wau i ka ponokala kiʻi pūnaewele" ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia ma muli o ke ʻano kontroversial o nā huaʻōlelo "moe kolohe" a me "hōʻalo ponokala kiʻi" (Schneider, ). Ma ka hoihoi a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻeu, hōʻike nā mea i hōʻike i nā pane he "ʻoiaʻiʻo" (kiʻi ʻo 2) a i ʻole "wahaheʻe" (kiʻi ʻo 1), ʻoiai i ka ʻōpū o ke kālā, ua kākau ʻia nā pane ma kahi kiko 7-point (1 = ikaika ʻole ʻole iā 7 = ʻae maikaʻi ʻoi aku), me nā mea kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e hōʻike ana i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka nānā aku i ke kiʻi ʻana, nā ʻoi ʻana, a me nā koi. Loaʻa nā pono: makemake α = .40; hooikaika α = .58; a me ka compulsivity α = .75.

Nā Nānākū Pōkuhi Holoiʻi a me ka Histrionic: ʻAno Kūlohelohe Pilikino Kēlākē, ʻnalelo 4th Edition (PDQ-4: Hyler, )

Kuhi ʻia nā huahana ma nā pēpē PDQ-4 Narcissistic a me Histrionic i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka paila o ka DSM-IV no nā maʻi Axis II a ua hoʻohana ʻia i nā haʻawina hoʻohālikelike e hūnā i nā ʻano hōʻino pilikino a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻokau wahine ma ka wahine (eg, Khan et al., ; Muñoz et al., ). Loaʻa nā helu ma ka subscale Narcissistic (ʻeiwa mau huahana, e like me "manaʻo kekahi e lawe pono ana i kekahi") a me Histrionic subscale (ʻewalu mau mea, no ka mea, "ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapanui") i loaʻa ma ka hoʻopiʻi "hewa" (kiʻi ʻo 0 ) a i ʻole "mau" (pane 1) i pane, me ka ʻoi aʻe ke kiʻekiʻe e hōʻike ana i kahi kiʻekiʻe o nā hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i ka ʻano narcissistic a me ka histrionic ʻano. Nā kūʻiʻo i: narcissistic α = .63 a me ka histrionic α = .47.

Results

ʻO ka manuahi moʻo wahine (35.2%) ka mea maʻamau i hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka hana hoʻomohala pili kino, a ukali ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻāʻī a me ke hoʻopunipuni (15.5%), a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻalā (4.9%). ʻOiai hoʻokahi wahine i hōʻike ʻia e hoʻohana ana i ka ikaika kūlohelohe a me nā hoʻoweliweli, ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia kēia subscale i loko o nā noiʻi hope aʻe. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻikepili (Papa 1ua hōʻike i nā pilina maikaʻi ma waena o ka hana hoʻonaninani ʻo ke ʻano wahine, ka makemake a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā kiʻi a me nā pono HPD. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana hoʻolāwili i ka manaʻo a me ka hoʻopunipuni e hoʻomāliuki i ka hoa pili a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea inu ʻoliʻoli maikaʻi ke hoʻoponopono ʻia me ka hoʻāʻo a me ka hana hoʻoluhi, a me nā ʻano HPD. Ua ʻike ʻia nā hoʻoponopono hou ma waena o nā loli a me waena o nā ʻano hana hoʻohālikelike.

Papa 1

ʻO ka pilina ma waena o ka makemake kiʻi ʻole i ka porno, ka hoʻoikaika, a me ka compulsivity, narcissistic a me ka histrionic ʻano hanana pilikino, a me ka hana hoʻomālamalama.

POI

POE

POC

NDP

HPD

NVA

EMD

EXI

POI

POE

.36 **

POC

.13

.38 **

NDP

.01

.15

-.05

HPD

.04

.28 **

.18 *

.45 **

NVA

.17 *

.27 **

.06

.09

.22 **

EMD

.14

.38 **

.24 **

.12

.25 **

.34 **

EXI

.11

.22 **

.20 *

-.02

.29 **

.33 **

.27 **

M

2.04

5.29

17.01

1.75

2.49

.58

.21

.06

SD

.18

.70

5.39

1.72

1.61

.93

.54

.26

huahelu

2-4

5-10

11-77

0-9

0-8

0-3

0-8

0-2

POI makemake porn POE hoʻoikaika wikiō, POC hana porn NDP hōʻeha kino ola pilikino, HPD histrionic ʻano hanana loko, NVA hoʻāla ʻia EMD ka hoʻopunipuni naʻau a me ka hoʻopunipuni, EXI ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hoʻohāinu

*p <.05, **p <.01

Ua hana ʻia nā ʻano hui kuhi he nui no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā makemake porn, nā hana, a me ka ʻōpū e like me ka NPD a me ka HPD mau mea wānana i ka moe kolohe (nonverbal sexual arousal, hoʻokūkino a me ka hoʻopunipuni, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea make) (e nānā i ka Papa 2). ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālikelike he mea nui i wānana i ka moe kolohe nonverbal, F(5, 136) = 3.28, p = .008, e wehewehe nei i ka 10.8% o ka ʻokoʻa kaohi kaohi wahine (R2 = .11, Adj R2 = .08). ʻO ka hana ponokala kiʻi wale nō ka mea wanana i pili nui me kēia ʻano o ka moekolohe.Β = .22, t = 2.29, p = .024). Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi lua o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka manaʻo hoʻohālike nui i ka hoʻopiʻi a me ka hoʻopunipuni, a me ka hoʻopunipuni. F(5, 136) = 5.83, p <.001, e wehewehe nei i ka 17.6%% o ka moekolohe ʻokoʻa (R2 = .18, Adj R2 = .15). ʻO ka hana ponokala kiʻi wale nō ka mea nui i wānana i ka manipona o ka naʻau a me ka hoʻopunipuni (Β = .29, t = 3.14, p = .002). ʻO ka mea hope loa, ua hōʻike kahi kolu i hōʻike mua loa i ka hana hoʻohālike he mea nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hoʻohālikelike, F(5,136) = 4.47, p = .001, e wehewehe nei i ka 14.1% o ka ʻokoʻa kaohi kaohi wahine (R2 = .14, Adj R2 = .11). ʻO nā ʻano HPD ka mea wānana nui wale o kēlā me kēia (Β = .32, t = 3.45, p = .001).

Papa 2

Nā hualoaʻa kaila linear Multiplayer no ka makemake ʻana i ka nānā ʻana i nā kiʻi, nā hana, a me nā hana hoʻonaninani, nā ʻano ʻonaʻohana a me ka histrionic ʻano pilikino, a me ka moekolohe.

ʻAno lawaiʻa

ANOVA

R 2

Adji R2

ʻO ka mea wānana kūʻokoʻa

Β

t

p

ʻO ke ʻano moe kolohe

F(5, 136) = 3.28, p = .008

.11

.08

ka ukupanee

.09

1.05

.295

ke kākoʻo 'ana

.22

2.29

.024

Ka paʻaʻana

- .07

- .81

.421

Haika

- .03

- .29

.776

Ku? L? L?

.18

1.87

.063

Ka hoʻopunipuni a me ka hoʻopunipuni

F(5, 136) = 5.83, p <.001

.18

.15

ka ukupanee

.01

.17

.869

ke kākoʻo 'ana

.29

3.14

.002

Ka paʻaʻana

.11

1.24

.217

Haika

.01

.14

.888

Ku? L? L?

.15

1.61

.111

Ke lilo nei o ka makewai

F(5, 136) = 4.47, p = .001

.14

.11

ka ukupanee

.05

.53

.596

ke kākoʻo 'ana

.11

1.15

.253

Ka paʻaʻana

.08

.96

.337

Haika

- .17

- 1.93

.056

Ku? L? L?

.32

3.45

.001

kūkākūkā

ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā mea i manaʻo ʻia, pili ka hoʻāʻo ponokala me ka hoʻohana a nā wahine i ka hoʻonāukiuki nonverbal i ka moekolohe a me ka manipona a me nā ʻano hoʻopunipuni o ka moekolohe. Kūlike ākea kēia ʻike me nā noiʻi ma mua e pili ana i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni wahine a nā wahine me nā ʻano o nā hana hoʻokamakama, e like me ka hoʻomāinoino, ka hoʻokau waha, a me ka hoʻopunipuni (Kernsmith & Kernsmith, ; Wright et al., ), ʻoiai he mea noiʻi hou ʻia e noʻonoʻo no ke kumu o ka hoihoi ʻia a me ka compulsivity i pili ʻole i ka pili me ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike. ʻOiai he liʻiliʻi iki nā hua o ka noiʻi hoʻohālikelike, wehewehe ʻia nā wehewehe no kēia mau ʻike. ʻO ka laʻana, ʻo ka noiʻi ma mua me nā kāne kāne i ʻike i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi e pili ana i ka pili pono e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana kolohe (e like me, Gonsalves et al., ), he mea hoʻohanohano paha kēia ʻokoʻa wahine. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea paʻa alpha no nā hana compulsivity i hoʻohana ʻia i kā lākou aʻo ʻana he haʻahaʻa, a ʻo ka hilahila e hoʻowalewale i nā ʻike. E like me kēia wahi e ʻimi hou ai, e noʻonoʻo pono no nā noi ʻana i ka wā e ʻimi ai i nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kiʻi a me nā kiʻi i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.

Ua ʻike ʻia kā kā mākou noiau ua pili pū nā ʻano HPD i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hoʻolalapiʻi, kahi kuhi ʻia e hōʻike ana i ka noʻonoʻo, e noi ana no ka nānā ʻana, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻonāukiuki e hoʻopunipuni i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe (e hoʻohālike ai, AlaviHejazi et al., ; Bornstein & Malka, ; Dorfman, ; Pohaku, ). He ʻoiaʻiʻo paha, koi aku ka wahine i ka hoa i ka wā e hōʻole ʻia (Wright, Norton, & Matusek, ). ʻAʻole i like me nā kāne (i hōʻike ʻia ʻoi aku paha ma mua o nā wahine e ʻenekina e ka mana), ua hōʻike ʻia ka wahine hoʻokūkū wahine e hoʻoulu ʻia e ka pilina pili pilikino (Zurbriggen, ), e hoʻonui ʻia paha i nā wahine me nā ʻano HPD e hōʻike nei i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka moekolohe (Apt & Hurlbert, ). ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana coercive e hana kolohe ai i ka mea ʻona hiki ke hōʻike i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka moekolohe i hōʻike ʻia i nā wahine me HPD (e ʻike iā Apt & Hurlbert, ), ma laila ke kāohi ʻana i ka hana o nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe e pono ai i kekahi pae o ka ikaika. ʻAʻole mākou i ʻike i ke ʻano o ka manaʻo e manaʻo nei i ka ʻano o ka NPD ma luna o kahi hana hoʻomāne kino. Ua wānana ʻia kēia ma muli o nā hui i hōʻike ʻia ma waena o ka narcissism, kahi hana hoʻokaumaha (Zeigler-Hill et al., ), a me ke koi aku (Blinkhorn et al., ). Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻike i nā mea like ma waena o nā ʻano NPD a me HPD (e like me ka mea i kākau ʻia e Apt & Hurlbert, ; Widiger & Trull, ); pela, e lilo ia i mea maikaʻi no nā hoʻokolokolo ma hope e makaʻala hou i kēia ʻike.

Ma kahi e nui ai ka noiʻi nui a ua hui ʻia nā ʻike, ʻaʻole mākou i hana i ka wānana e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikaika kūlohelohe a i ʻole e weliweli i ka hoa hana, a ma hope, e like me ka mea hoʻokahi i hōʻike i kēia, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia kālā mai ka hoʻoili ʻana. ʻO nā haʻawina ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo pū ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka porn e hiki ai i ke ʻano no ka mea pili i ka moekolohe. ), paha e hōʻike ana i ke akahele nui a makaʻu paha i ka hoʻopaʻi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka wahine hana kolohe i ka moekolohe ke ʻike i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole a me ke kūʻē ʻana o nā mea i hōʻino ʻia ma mua o nā kāne hana hewa (O'Sullivan, Byers, & Finkelman, ). Akā, e hoʻohui hou i kēia, nā noiʻi e nānā ana i ka mana o nā kiʻi wahine e pili ana i ka hōʻino ʻana i ka hōʻike kolohe. No ka laʻana, kahi loiloi meta-noi o nā haʻawina 22 i ʻike ua hoʻohana ka ponokala wahine i wānana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka puʻe ʻana o ka wahine, a me ka kaha kino a me ka hoʻoweliweli (e like me, Wright et al., ), ʻoiai ua loaʻa kahi noiʻi ʻē aʻe, i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole pili ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a nā wahine i ka hoʻoweliweli kino a me ka ikaika (e like me, Kernsmith & Kernsmith, ). Ma hope o ka noiʻi ʻana e hiki ke ʻike i kēia mau mea e noʻonoʻo pono ai e hoʻowalewale paha ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi i ka wahine i mea e hoʻohana ai i ka ikaika kūlohelohe a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻoweliweli wale nō inā ʻaʻole nā ​​ʻano ʻē aʻe o ke ʻano a me ke ʻano hoʻoweliweli.

Hoʻohui a me nā kuhikuhi ʻimi noiʻi

ʻOiai ke ho'āʻo nei e hōʻiliʻili i nā poʻe hou aku, ua ʻohi ʻia kēia aʻo e kona hoʻohana ʻana i kahi tauira liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole probabilistic; nolaila, ua palena pau ka generalizability. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma nā haʻawina ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā nīnau noiʻi ponoʻī pono e nānā ai i ke kumuhana pili i ke ʻano hemo kūlohelohe kūmole (eg, Gonsalves et al., ) a me nā ʻano maʻi pilikino (Hoffmann & Verona, ; Khan et al., ; Muñoz et al., ) ua hopena paha i ka makemake kaiāulu a i ʻole ka hoʻomanaʻo bias. Eia kekahi, ua haʻahaʻa nā alphas a Cronbach no kekahi mau kōmi. Ma kahi ʻāpana, hōʻike kēia i ke ʻano o ke ana. (ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana hoihoi a me nā ponokala kiʻi i loko o ʻelua mau mea.) ʻOi aku ka nui a me nā ana kikoʻī no ka noiʻi e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka mea nui, he kiaʻi e nānā pono ʻole i ka mana o nā ʻano like ʻole o nā mea ponokala kiʻi, ke ʻike ʻia nā wahine i ke ʻano o nā mea moekolohe e pili ana i ka moekolohe, e like me nā kiʻi kolohe kolohe ʻole (Mattebo, Tyden, Haggstrom-Nordin, Nilsson, & Larsson, ). Aia paha i loko o nā kiʻi ʻino nā kiʻi kolohe a hoʻohaʻahaʻa paha (Romito & Beltramini, ) a i ʻole nā ​​kiʻi stereotyped o nā wahine (Zhou & Bryant, ), ka mea a nā wahine i hōʻike ʻia ʻaʻole e hoʻāla ʻia e ka poʻe kāne (Glascock, ). Hiki paha i nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a me nā ponokala ʻoihana, e pili ana i ka pae o ka like ʻole o ke kāne a Klaassen a me Peter ). E like paha me ka nui o ka ʻokoʻa wahine e pili ana i ke alapine a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā kiʻi ponokala (Bohm, Franz, Dekker, & Matthiesen, ; ʻO Hald & Stulhofer, ), he mea kūpono no nā noi i ka wā e nānā pololei ai i ka hopena o nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kiʻi wahine i hoʻohana ʻia e nā wahine i kā lākou ʻano hana ʻano moeʻū, ʻaʻole i ka extrapolate mai ka noiʻi ʻana o nā kāne noiʻi.

I loko nō o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hōʻiliʻili i nā ʻano mea like ʻole o ka poʻe komo, ua kaupalena ʻia ka helu o nā mea helu kanaka i hōʻike ʻia i loko o ka nīnau nīnau, ma muli o kekahi o nā kulekele kūpili koʻikoʻi. no laila, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke nānā i nā ʻokoʻa lāhui e pili ana i ka hoʻokau wahine. He mea hoihoi paha kēia e mākaʻikaʻi ma ke ʻano he noiʻi ma mua i ʻike ʻia e hōʻike ana nā kāne ʻĀkia i nā helu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i ka moekolohe ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me kā lākou mau Black, White, a me nā Latina (e nānā i ka ʻōlelo Palani, Tilghman, & Malebranche, ). ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe i hōʻike ʻia e nā haʻawina mua e like me nā mea nui o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i ka wahine i loko o ka wahine, a no laila e hoʻohua ʻia nā hopena waiwai i ka noiʻi ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o ka wai ʻona (Ménard et al., ) a me ka mōʻaukala kolohe (Anderson, ; Russell & Oswald, ; ). He mea koʻikoʻi paha ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona ka mea a kēia noiʻi i ʻike ai i nā ʻano HPD e pili loa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka moe kolohe. E kamaʻilio pū me nā mea noiʻi lehulehu ʻē aʻe, ua noi ʻia kēia noiʻi e nānā i nā hana hoʻohālikelike wahine i ka wahine me nā hihia ʻole i ka hewa; ʻoiai ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ʻana i nā poʻe mai ka hui kaiaulu a me nā haumāna, hiki i kēia ana ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā nīnau no ke kumu o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka mōʻaukala lawehala. No laila, ʻo nā noiʻi e hiki mai ana me nā wahine i hiki ke hoʻopaʻa pololei i ka komo ʻana o nā mea komo i ka hewa hewa a i ʻole ke hōʻili ʻia i nā poʻe hui me nā moʻolelo lawehala i ʻike ʻia mai nā poʻe olakino a forensic paha.

ʻO ke kaʻe ʻana o nā kāne a me nā kāne he ʻehā i manaʻo ʻia i ka liʻiliʻi o ka lehulehu ma mua o ka pepehi ʻia ʻana o ka wahine e nā kāne (French et al., ; Huitema & Vanwesenbeeck, ; Struckman-Johnson et al., ; Studzinska & Hilton, ). ʻOiai ʻo nā kāne i hoʻomāinoino ʻia e ka moekolohe wahine e hōʻike pū paha i nā pane maikaʻi i ka hoʻomāinoino wahine, ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi he 90% o nā kāne e hōʻike nei ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi pane maikaʻi ʻole i ka coercion (Kernsmith & Kernsmith, ) a hōʻike i nā pilikia noʻonoʻo koʻikoʻi a me nā pilikia ma ka hopena (French et al., ; Turchik, ; Walker, ʻAlika, & Davis, ). Loaʻa ka noiʻi liʻiliʻi iki, akā naʻe, e ʻike i nā mea e hoʻohuli i ka hoʻohewa ʻia o ka hōʻino wahine. Hōʻike nā hōʻike mua i ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā kāne hana kolohe he mea hōʻeuʻeu, manaʻo ʻia nā mea hana hewa wahine e like me promiscuous (Oswald & Russell, ).). Pono e noiʻi hou i ka ʻike e ʻike i nā mea e pili ana i nā ʻikepili o ka pepehi ʻana, ka hōʻike ʻana i ka mea i hoʻopiʻi a i ʻole ka ʻike mua ʻana he mea he neʻe a he mea i hōʻeha ʻia. ʻO kahi mākaʻikaʻi o ka hana hoʻomāinoino i ʻike ʻia e nā wahine e ʻike nei me LGBTQ he ala kūpono nō hoʻi ia e ninaninau hou aku nei, e like me nā ʻike ma mua ua ʻike ʻia he mea pinepine ʻia akā i ʻike ʻia (eg, Turell. ; ʻO Waterman, Dawson, & Bologna, ). ʻO ka mea hope loa, he mea nui e hoʻokūpaʻa i ka noiʻi o kēia manawa i noiʻi i ka hana a nā wahine i ka moekolohe ma mua o ka hana kāne ma hope o ka hōʻole mua ʻana. Hiki paha i kahi ʻano o nā mea pākahi a me nā kūlana kūlana ke wānana i nā pane i ka lawena hoʻokalakupua e like me ka hoʻohuli ʻana e makemake ʻia ka moekolohe, ka mālama ʻana i ka moekolohe makemake ʻole ʻia, a i ʻole ka hoʻopau ʻana o kahi pilina (eg, Nurius & Norris, ). ʻO ka nui o ka hana kolohe a ka wahine i ka hopena o ka moekolohe ʻaʻole maopopo, akā, a me ka noiʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana ke noʻonoʻo, no ka laʻana, inā paha e komo ka moekolohe i ka moekolohe a me ka nui e makemake ʻole ʻia ai kēia. Pēlā nō, ʻaʻole i loiloi ka noiʻi o kēia manawa i nā pane a nā wahine i ka hōʻole a kā lākou hoa. ʻOiai ua hōʻike ʻia e ʻike nā wahine i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka hōʻole kolohe ma mua o nā kāne (de Graaf & Sandfort, ) ke kū nei i kēlā mau kumu i ka pane i ka hōʻole.

E hoʻopau i ka hopena, ua noiʻi mākou i nā mea e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā wahine i ke kaʻi ʻana i ka moekolohe. Hōʻike ka ʻike i ka hana ʻana o nā wahine i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi huki i ka pili me nā subtypes o ka hōʻoki kino. Pono nā noiʻi o ka wā e huli hou aku i ka hopena o ka hana kiʻi i ka porn a me nā ʻano HPD ma muli o ka moekolohe.

Nāʻaoʻao hemahema

  1. 1.

    ʻO "Trending" pili i kahi kumuhana e ʻike i ke piʻi ʻana o ke kaulana i loaʻa i kahi palena liʻiliʻi, mai nā ʻoihana e hiki ke hoʻopulapula i ka mea e makemake ana i ka makemake o ka mea kūʻai.

Notes

Kuhi i nā Kaulike Kuʻuna

Kōkua hihia

Hōʻike nā mea kākau i ka loaʻaʻole o kā lākou pānaʻi.

Pepa Lauleʻa

Ua ʻae ʻia kēia haʻawina e ke Kōmike University Ethics ma muli o nā alakaʻi kulekele Pelekānia.

Hōʻike Kūpono

Ua hiki i nā poʻe komo ke hāʻawi i ka ʻae i ʻōlelo ʻia e komo i kēia aʻo.

E hoʻomaopopo '

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