Kodi dopamine receptors angadziwe zowona za kubingalira?
Nkhumba ya ku Guineao ya Guineao imayambitsa mwana
Nkhumba ya Guinea yotchedwa Sooty idakondwera usiku wonse wokondana ndi akazi makumi awiri mphambu anayi atapusitsa njira yawo yolowera mkhola lawo kumwera kwa Wales. Sooty adakopa nkhumba zazikazi, m'modzi m'modzi, ndipo tsopano wakhala bambo wonyada wa ana a nkhumba makumi anayi mphambu ziwiri. . . . "Adasweka kwambiri. Tidamubweza m'khola lake ndipo adagona masiku awiri. ”
The Zotsatira za Coolidge ndi kutsimikiza mtima kwa biology kusiya wokondedwa aliyense wosasunthika zivute zitani. Ndizofanana ndi zinyama, zawonanso mwa akazi, ndipo zimatha kutsatiridwa mpaka kwathu achibale akutali: makoswe. Ngakhale ife anthu ndi abwenzi awiri, pulogalamu yathu yolumikizana ikupambanabe ndi wamkulu uyu khalani ndi mwayi kukhudzidwa.
Makhalidwe onse a zinyama, kuphatikizapo zotsatira za Coolidge, amachokera ku kuwonjezeka ndi kugwa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kusintha kwa mapulogalamu. Kafukufuku waposachedwapa akuwonetsa kuti ena mwa makina omwe amachititsa kuti Sooty achite masewera olimbitsa thupi akhoza kubisala mu striatum-gulu lozungulira lomwe limagwira ntchito ngati likulu la oyendetsa mphotho muubongo. Striatum imalumikizidwa ndi mphotho ndi kunyansidwa, ndipo imakhudza kwambiri zisankho zathu. Kugonana, kukondana komanso kulumikizana kumayendera izi. Akapanda kuyatsa, "sizichitika."
Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zambiri amasefukira mu ubongo ndi dopamine. Ma neuron ofunikira mu striatum amayankha potseka zolandila zambiri za D2 (dopamine), ndikufikitsa okwera kumapeto. Izi zimasintha malingaliro a mphotho ndi chilimbikitso mpaka ubongo utachira. Ma receptors ochepa a D2 akuwoneka kuti akutanthauza, "Ndikufuna dopamine yambiri kuti ndimve bwino." Dera lamalipiro likulira kulimbikitsidwa kwathu ndipo ndi zinthu zosangalatsa zokha zomwe zingachite. Kugonana, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi rock 'n' roll ... kapena mwina Häagen Dazs. M'malo mwake, ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi ma dopamine receptors omwe atha amakonda kutaya chidwi chogonana komanso kulumikizana; amafunika kukankha mwamphamvu. Ma receptors a D2 amathandizanso kuti mabuleki azigwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Olandira ochepa a D2 kupanga zolakalaka molimbika kukana.
Mufukufuku amene atchulidwa pamwambapa, asayansi akufuna kudziwa zambiri zokhudza kudya mowa mwauchidakwa anafotokoza zochitika zina zochititsa chidwi za dopamine-receptor. Kudyetsa makoswe zakudya zopatsa mphamvu (mafuta a cheesecake ndi soseji) zimachepetsa mofulumira chiwerengero cha amalandila a D2. Ali kuti? Mu striatum. Ng'ombezi zitadya chidutswa chawo chotsiriza cha chakudya chokwanira, chiwerengero cha mchere chinakhalabe chochepa kwa milungu iwiri (nthawi ya kuyesera).
Monga momwe ankagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, statum inachitapo kanthu pakukakamiza kwambiri, koma inachita mosiyana kwambiri ndi momwe imachitira, kunena, cocaine. Pankhani ya cocaine, kulandira kwa D2 kulandira mphamvu kumabwerera m'mbuyo masiku awiri (ngakhale kusintha kwina kungapitirize). Koma ndi chakudya-a achilengedwe reinforcer (buzz) -kuwonongeka kwa D2 kumapitilira nthawi yayitali. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti kuchepa kumatha nthawi yayitali mukatha kudya, poganizira kuti cocaine imayambitsa kuphulika kwakukulu kwa dopamine. Kodi pulogalamu ya majini ikuyamba?
Chinachake choipa kwambiri chinali kupitirira, nayenso. Mofanana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ubongo wa makoswe amalembedwa zosangalatsa pang'ono kutsegula. Ndipo zidawonekera pamakhalidwe awo atatha kumwa kwambiri: makoswe wamba sanathenso kuyitanidwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito kumakhalabe kotsika kuposa masiku onse. "Cheesecake kapena palibe," makoswewo amawoneka akuganiza. (Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ma opioid opangidwa ndi kumwa shuga amachita ngati njira ina yotsutsa-satiety mwa kulepheretsa kupanga oxytocin.)
Zachidziwikire, "kudya mowa mwauchidakwa" (kudzera munjira zilizonse) ndi mwayi wosintha pomwe kupulumuka kumakulirakulira chifukwa chokhala ndi machitidwe kudutsa mfundo yachizolowezi chokhazikika. Ganizirani za chimbalangondo chomwe chimadya nsomba zamchere zambiri musanabisala. Kapena mimbulu, yomwe imayenera kubowola mpaka mapaundi makumi awiri a kupha kamodzi. Kapenanso makolo athu, omwe amafunikira kusunga zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri ngati mapaundi owonjezera kuti azitha kuyenda mosavuta kuti apulumuke nthawi zovuta. Kapena inunso mukadzaza ndi nkhuku ndi mbatata yosenda ndikuwonekera pa pie wokonda Thanksgiving.
Pamene ubongo wathu wakale umadziwa chinachake monga chofunika kwambiri, ikufuna kuti tigwiritse ntchito mwayi wagolide… mokwanira. Sizingathe kuchita izi ndikumva kukhutira, kosasangalala. Ayi. Iyenera kupanga malingaliro a kusowa or kusakhutira (zokhumba) kuti atiyendetse ife kudutsa malire athu onse.
Kusintha kwakukulu kwa zolandilira kumatipangitsa kumva ngati china chake… sichabwino. Tikufuna kumvanso bwino, zilizonse zomwe zingafunike. Sizinthu zonse zomwe zingatichitire ife, mwina. Sitingakhazikike zachibadwa, chifukwa ubongo wathu umafuna kuti tizingoyang'ana pazabwino kwambiri… zokha. Mulingo woyenera wa dopamine sikokwanira. Timakhala okakamira. Tikufuna china chake chosokoneza, china chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi "mtengo wapatali" (kaya ndi ayi), china chake chomwe chingayambitse kutulutsa kwa dopamine (ndi kuyankha kosangalatsa) ubongo wathu tsopano ukulakalaka. Dopamine imamasulidwa pomwe china chake chili chabwino kuposa momwe amayembekezeredwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa dopamine kumalimbikitsa zolandila zochepa zomwe zidatsala mu striatum kutipatsa kukoma kwa malingaliro ena… tisanakhalenso osakhutitsidwa.
Kumbukirani kuti ntchito ya oyang'anira mphotho ndiyoti akhalebe osakhutira pang'ono ngakhale mutakhala kuti ndibwino. Mwanjira imeneyi, talimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito mwayi wolonjeza, kapena kuyembekezera mwachidwi kukwezedwa kwachidziwitso, kuchita bwino pachibwenzi kapena kupulumutsa kuti tiwonjezere zosankha zamtsogolo.
Nthawi zambiri mawonekedwe athuwa amatipatsa chidwi cha moyo komanso kuchita bwino. Koma tikalimbikitsanso kwambiri ndikuwononga mphotho zathu, zosangalatsa zabwinobwino komanso mapulani okhumba mtsogolo samapereka mphekesera wamba. Choyipa chachikulu ndichakuti, sitingayamikire ubale ndi chikondi chomwe timakhala nacho pakati pa anyani, omwe amakhala ndi zibwenzi ziwiri kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino. M'malo mwake, timakhala osakhutira kwambiri - ngakhale ndi okondedwa athu - ndipo tili otsimikiza kuti vuto lililonse lili nawo chifukwa chosakwaniritsa zosowa zathu. Tikufuna kukhutitsidwa nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale titayika zolinga zathu zamtsogolo. Chibadwa chathu chatilanda chidwi chathu chifukwa cha zolinga zawo.
Kodi kumvetsetsa bwino momwe kusangalatsa kwakukulu kumasinthira mphamvu ya receptor kumathandiza anthu kuzindikira kuti 65% a ku Amerika ali olemera kwambiri ndipo amuna omwe ali ndi makompyuta kulikonse amapeza zolaula pa intaneti? Kodi tikukankhidwa ndi ma D2 receptors ndi zina zokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa ubongo zomwe zimayambitsa, zikanakhala zotani kwa makolo athu, zolimbikitsa kwambiri?
Ganizirani za Sooty akugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wake wopita kukacheza ndi azimayi ake. Kapena woimba John Mayer akuulula kuti tsopano zolaula zolaula ku maubwenzi ndi akazi enieni. (Ndipo inde, azimayi amadya "cheesecake" nawonso. Onani (woyimba) 'Katy Perry adumpha ntchito kuti aonere zolaula!')
Umboni wa ubongo wa gadfly umakhala pangozi yowopsya pamene zakudya zamtengo wapatali kapena okwatirana omwe amachititsa chidwi kwambiri alipo zopanda malire. Zomwe zimayambitsanso kumwa mowa zimangowonjezekabe, kukhutira kumatipulumuka ngakhale titakomoka kapena kumva zochuluka motani. Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, pamene wina akupeza kuti akufuna chidwi chochulukirapo, si chifukwa chakuti akusangalala kwambiri, koma chifukwa akupeza Zochepa. Mpweya waulemerero kwa mkazi womira chifukwa mpweya wake ndi wochepa. Mofananamo, ubongo wokhala ndi dzanzi ukufunafuna chimene ulibe — kukondoweza kosangalatsa — chifukwa mphamvu yake yanthawi yochepa imachepa. Mtima wofuna zosangalatsa ungaganize kuti ndi zosangalatsa, ngakhale zitakhala kuti sizingatheke lonjezo zosangalatsa.
Makoswe omwe anali mu phunzirolo adayamba kunenepa atapatsidwa zochuluka zopanda malire. Mosiyana ndi makoswe abwinobwino, sanachotse zoperekazo ngakhale atawopsezedwa ndi magetsi. Ankadya mopambanitsa; sanakhutire. Ganizirani osokoneza bongo.
Kodi ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amalimbana ndi izi zomwe zimayambitsa mowa mwauchidakwa pomwe sangapeze okwanira "okwatirana" atsopano omwe amakopa nthawi iliyonse? Sooty adapeza kupumula kofunikira atakwatirana ndi khola lodzaza ndi akazi, koma ntchito ya wogwiritsa ntchito zolaula konse zachitika. Nthawi zonse pamakhala wina "wokwatirana naye" akubuula kuti amveke. Ubongo wathu umatipangitsa kuti tizikhala pantchito zikakhala zochuluka. Zikuwoneka kuti pali china chake chapadera pakuyankha kwaubongo wathu pazakudya zokopa kwambiri komanso kukakamiza kugonana.
Zingakhalenso kuti pamene chiwonongeko sichinapereke chisangalalo chonse makhalidwe abwino (monga kugonana popanda wokondedwa), tili pachiwopsezo chachikulu kuti tisakhutire posachedwa. Kupatula apo, kutengera momwe majini amafunira, ntchito yathu yobereketsa siyinachitike. Ngati ndi choncho, kodi kusungulumwa kwenikweni kumakhaladi-kapena kusakhutira komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwaubongo komwe kumachepetsa kukhutira?
Kodi ndizotheka kuti ngakhale kumaliseche kamodzi nthawi zina kumawonjezera kulakalaka komwe kumatsatira? Palibe amene akudziwa. Komabe, makoswe a dopamine receptor osalimba amachepa kwambiri ndikuthandizira kwawo koyamba kwakumwamba kwamafuta amafuta. Zikuwoneka kuti pali zina zomwe zimayambitsa kudya komwe kumayendetsa kukwerana ndi kudya. Kubwezeretsa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumapeza kuti kudya zakudya zosapatsa thanzi kumawonjezera kulakalaka zolaula mukamasiya. Ndipo mwina mwamvapo nthabwala yotchuka yokhudza bwenzi labwino, lomwe limasanduka pizza pakati pausiku.
Ma neurochemistry of orgasm ndi kudya sichingathe kuchepetsedwa kukhala kusintha kwa D2-receptor. Komabe, kusintha kwa ma receptor kumatha kukhala gawo lazosokoneza chifukwa chake nthawi zina chilakolako chogonana chimakula popanda kupereka chisangalalo chosatha. (Ngati lingaliro lochedwa zozungulira pambuyo pake ndi watsopano kwa inu, mungakhale wokondwa kuphunzira kuti kafukufuku wasonyeza kale kayendetsedwe kake kakang'ono masiku asanu ndi awiri mwa amuna.)
Mwinamwake kafukufuku tsiku lina adzapereka mapu a kusintha kwa ubongo pambuyo pazochitika zosiyanasiyana zakugonana. Kenako sitidzangotsala pang'ono kumvera chifundo cha zomwe ubongo wathu umachita tikamayesetsa kukhala okhutira.
Zosintha:
- 2019 - M'magulu, zakudya zamtengo wapatali zimadula 'kuswa' komwe kumagwiritsira ntchito kuchepetsa njala
- 2016 - Ochita kafukufuku amatsegula njira mu ubongo zomwe zimasiyanitsa chakudya ndi zilakolako
- 2015 - Kuchulukana kwa Dopamine May Pofotokoza Chakudya Chakudya Chakudya Chambiri: Insulini Yowonekera Kuti Yigwiritse Ntchito Zizindikiro Zopatsa Mphoto Mu Ubongo Wanu
- 2010 - Ziwerengero Pamaiko Otukuka Padziko Lonse Lapansi
Zambiri pa kufufuza kwakukulu:
Wofufuza wofotokozera Paul Kenny, ubongo umatulutsa dopamine poyankha zokumana nazo zosangalatsa monga kudya keke yang'one, kugonana kapena kukoka cocaine. Koma, chisangalalo chochuluka chimasokoneza mphotho zaubongo popitilira gawo la D2 ndikuliyimitsa. Kwa makoswe omwe amakonda kudya zakudya zopanda thanzi, njira yokhayo yolimbikitsira malo awo osangalatsa anali kudya chakudya chamafuta ambiri, chambiri. "Sakulandila mphotho momwe akuyenera," adatero Kenny.
NEW: Chifukwa chiyani kuli kovuta kudya (Kafufuzidwe ka Tufts kamatsimikizira kuti "nyama zonenepa kwambiri komanso zonenepa" zonse "zimakhala ndi vuto limodzi muubongo-kusowa kwakukulu kwa dopamine komwe kumatulutsidwa patsamba lomwe limathandizira mphotho."
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