Ngati mwasowa nkhani ya chivundi cha TIME yokhudza zolaula zogonana ndi zolaula, sizili kumbuyo kwa paywall. Werengani pano.
Nkhaniyi:
Mpingo wa Nowa ndi mwana wamwamuna wazaka 26 wa nthawi yowombera moto ku Portland, Ore. Pamene anali 9, anapeza zithunzi zamaliseche pa intaneti. Anaphunzira momwe angatumizire mavidiyo owonetsa. Pamene anali 15, mavidiyo akukhamukira anafika, ndipo adawayang'ana. Kawirikawiri. Kawirikawiri pa tsiku, kuchita zomwe anthu amachita nthawi zambiri poyang'ana mtundu umenewo.
Patapita kanthawi, adanena kuti mavidiyo amenewa sanamulimbikitse kwambiri, choncho adasunthira mosiyana, nthawi zina amawaphatikiza akazi, nthawi zina mkazi mmodzi ndi anyamata ambiri, nthawi zina ngakhale mkazi wosafuna. Iye anati: "Nditha kupeza chilichonse chimene ndinkaganiza komanso zinthu zambiri zomwe sindingathe kuziganizira." Pambuyo pempho la anthu omwe adathamangitsidwa, adasunthira pamlingo wotsatira, mwamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala achiwawa.
M'zaka zake zapamwamba ku sukulu ya sekondale, adali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi zibwenzi zenizeni, ndi wokondedwa weniweni. Iye anakopeka kwa iye ndipo iye kwa iye, monga zikuwonetseredwa ndi kuti iye anali wamaliseche mu chipinda chake chogona patsogolo pake. Koma thupi lake silinkawoneka ngati losafuna. "Panali kusiyana pakati pa zomwe ndinkafuna m'maganizo mwanga ndi momwe thupi langa linayendera," akutero. Iye sakanatha kupeza magetsi oyenera akupita.
Anaziika m'mitima ya oyambira nthawi yoyamba, koma zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zidapita, ndipo ngakhale anali ndi mkazi uti, thupi lake silinayanjanenso. Zinangoyankha zolaula. Tchalitchi chinayamba kukhulupirira kuti kusuta kwa intaneti kwachinyamata kwake kumayambitsa mavuto ake komanso kuti anali ndi zomwe ena amatcha kuti erectile dysfunction (PIED).
Chiwerengero chowonjezeka cha anyamata amakhulupirira kuti mayankho awo ogonana awonongedwa chifukwa ubongo wawo udasokonezedwa ndi zolaula ali achinyamata. Mbadwo wawo udya zinthu zambirimbiri mosiyanasiyana kale, pazida zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zizitulutsa mwachangu komanso mwamseri, onse ali ndi zaka zomwe ubongo wawo udakhala pulasitiki - wokhoza kusintha kosatha - kuposa moyo wamtsogolo. Achinyamata awa amamva ngati osazindikira nkhumba mzaka khumi zomwe sizinayang'anitsidwe poyesa kugonana. Zotsatira za kuyesaku, akuti, ndizotsika kwenikweni.
Chifukwa chake ayamba kubwerera m'mbuyo, ndikupanga magulu am'magulu apaintaneti, mapulogalamu a smartphone ndi makanema ophunzitsa kuthandiza amuna kusiya zolaula. Ayambitsa ma blogs ndi ma podcast ndipo amatenga ma gig onse olankhula pagulu omwe angapeze. Nthawi zonse zolaula zimatsutsidwa pakati pa okhulupirika ndi achikazi. Koma tsopano, kwa nthawi yoyamba, ena mwa ma alarm olimba kwambiri akuchokera kudera lomwelo monga makasitomala ake okonda kwambiri.
Zachidziwikire kuti pali zovuta zambiri pazokhudza zolaula pagulu lomwe limapitilira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azichita zachiwerewere, kuphatikiza kuti nthawi zambiri zimakondwerera kuwonongeka kwa azimayi ndikuwongolera zachiwerewere. M'mwezi wa February, izi zidapangitsa boma la Prime Minister waku Britain a David Cameron, omwe adapempha omwe amapereka chithandizo pa intaneti kuti azisefa zinthu za anthu akuluakulu pokhapokha munthu akafuna kulowa, kuti ayambe kufunsa masamba azolaula kuti atsimikizire zaka za omwe akuwagwiritsa ntchito kapena alandire chindapusa. Posakhalitsa pambuyo pake, nyumba yamalamulo ya Utah idagwirizana mogwirizana kuti aziona zolaula ngati vuto laumoyo wa anthu. Ndipo kukakamiza kafukufuku watsopano pazowonetsa zowoneka ndikuthandizira malingaliro a anyamata, kuwonetsa kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta, zosangalatsa zakugonana komanso njira zophunzirira zomwe zingapangitse zolaula zapaintaneti kuti zizolowere kupanga, zomwe zingakhudze m'maganizo.
Kwa Gabe Deem, 28, zolaula zinali gawo lalikulu launyamata monga homuweki kapena ziphuphu. "Zinali zachilendo ndipo zinali paliponse," akutero. Adakulira munthawi yomwe zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti X-rated zidayamba kufalikira, ndipo iye ndi abwenzi ake amawonera makanema olaula nthawi zonse, akutero, ngakhale ali mkalasi, pamakompyuta awo operekedwa kusukulu. Sizinali zomwe tinachita manyazi nazo. ” Deem, yemwe amakhala ku Irving, Texas, ndiye woyambitsa wa Reboot Nation, malo ochezera komanso makanema apaintaneti omwe amapereka upangiri ndi chithandizo kwa achinyamata omwe amakhulupirira kuti amakonda zolaula, amakhala ndi zovuta zakugonana ndipo akufuna kusiya.
Iye ndi wosiyana pang'ono ndi ambiri mwa ochita zolaula, chifukwa anali kugonana ali wamng'ono ndipo ankangodya zolaula ngati mbale. Koma zidayamba kumudya, ndipo zaka zingapo nditamaliza sukulu yasekondale, "Ndidakhala ndi msungwana wokongola ndipo tidagonana ndipo thupi langa silinayankhe konse," akutero. "Ndinasokonekera chifukwa ndinali wachinyamata komanso wokwanira ndipo ndinali wokopeka kwambiri ndi mtsikanayo." Anapita kwa dokotala wake. "Ndinati, ndikhoza kukhala ndi otsika T," Deem akuti, pogwiritsa ntchito slang chifukwa chosowa testosterone. "Anaseka."
Zambiri za nkhani yake zimatsimikiziridwa ndi bwenzi lake panthawiyo, yemwe angafune kuti asadziwike. "Amayesa kuyambitsa china, kenako pakati amati, 'Ndikuganiza kuti tidikire,'” akukumbukira. "Ndinangokhala wosokonezeka ndipo ndimaganiza, Kodi samandikonda? Chikuchitika ndi chiani?" Zinatenga miyezi isanu ndi inayi atamuwuza za vuto lake kuti athe kuchita naye limodzi.
Kukhala ndi bwenzi la ED si vuto lalikulu lomwe atsikana ambiri amakumana nalo ndi zolaula, ndipo ndi azimayi ochepa chabe omwe amati amakhala osuta, komabe sangatengeke ndi zomwe amakula chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chawo. Atsikana achichepere amafotokoza kuti anyamata akuyembekeza kuti azichita zangati zolaula, zopanda tsitsi kapena zosowa zakugonana.
Mu Epulo 2015, Alexander Rhode adasiya ntchito yabwino ndi Google kuti apange malangizi ndi malo othandizira anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lolaula. Anayambitsa NoFap subreddit - mndandanda wazolemba pamutu umodzi - patsamba lotchuka la Reddit komanso tsamba lina lotchedwa NoFap.com mu 2011, koma tsopano ndi ntchito yanthawi zonse. (Dzinalo limachokera ku fap, Internet-lankhulani zodziseweretsa maliseche.) Wachinyamata wazaka 26 akuti kuwonetsa kwake zolaula koyamba anali kutsatsa-ayi, inde, amalumbira! - pomwe anali pafupi zaka 11. Abambo ake anali wopanga mapulogalamu ku Pennsylvania, ndipo adalimbikitsidwa kusewera makompyuta kuyambira ali ndi zaka zitatu. Rhodes anati: "Kwa nthawi yonse yomwe ndinali ndi intaneti, ndinali ndi mwayi wosagwiritsa ntchito intaneti." Kutsatsa kunali kwa tsamba lomwe limasonyeza kugwiriridwa, koma akuti amangomvetsetsa kuti panali mayi wamaliseche. Posakhalitsa anayamba kusindikiza tizithunzi tazaka zake zosakira zithunzi za “matumbo azimayi” kapena “ziphuphu za atsikana okongola.” Pofika zaka 3, akuti, anali kudzisangalatsa zolaula nthawi 14 patsiku. "Siokokomeza," akuumiriza. "Ndimasewera masewera apakanema, ndizomwe ndidachita."
Atakwanitsa zaka 2013, atapeza chibwenzi, zinthu sizinayende bwino. "Ndinam'pweteketsa [mtima]," akutero Rhodes. "Ndinkaganiza kuti si zachilendo kuganiza za zolaula ndikamagonana ndi munthu wina." Ngati atasiya kuganizira za zolaula kuti ayang'ane msungwanayo, thupi lake lidataya chidwi, akutero. Anasiya zolaula kangapo asanawalumbire kumapeto kwa chaka cha 200,000. Masamba ake awiriwa ali ndi mamembala pafupifupi XNUMX, ndipo akuti amapeza ogwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi miliyoni miliyoni pamwezi.
Amuna awa, ndi ena masauzande ambiri omwe amakhala pamawebusayiti awo ndi nkhani zakulephera kugonana, onse ali ndi zowawa kuti ziwonekere kuti sali antisex. "Chifukwa chomwe ndinasiya kuonera zolaula ndikugonana kwambiri," akutero Deem. "Kusiya zolaula ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zogonana zomwe anthu angachite," akutero Rhodes. Wothirira ndemanga pa intaneti, sirrifo, ananenapo mosapita m'mbali kuti: "Ndikungofuna kuti ndizisangalala ndikugonananso ndikulakalaka munthu wina."
Kodi malingaliro awo owonetsa zolaula omwe amachititsa ED ali ndi phindu lililonse? Ziŵerengero zam'mbuyo zikuwonetseratu kulumikizana. Mu 1992, pafupifupi 5% ya amuna adakumana ndi ED pa zaka 40, malinga ndi US National Institutes of Health (NIH). Kafukufuku mu July 2013 Journal of Sexual Medicine anapeza kuti 26% ya amuna akuluakulu ofuna thandizo kwa ED anali pansi pa 40. Mufukufuku wa 2014 wa asilikali a US a 367 ochepa kuposa 40, ED yachitatu yomwe inanenedwa. Ndipo phunziro la 2012 Swiss linapeza kuti pakati pa atatu mwa anyamata ndi atsikana: 18 ku 25.
Zachidziwikire, pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo pazomwe apezazi. Popeza kubwera kwa Viagra ndi mankhwala ofanana, kuzindikira ndi kuvomereza kukanika kwa erectile ndikokwera kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa cha otsatsa onse a TV, manyazi amakhalanso otsika, kotero anthu ambiri angavomereze. Matenda a shuga, kunenepa kwambiri, nkhawa zamagulu kapena kukhumudwa zimayambitsanso vutoli, monganso kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa. Popeza izi zawuka pakati pa achichepere, atha kukhala ndi zochitika za ED. Koma ma urologist sakufuna kunena kuti zolaula mwina ndi zomwe zikuchititsa. "Ndikuganiza kuti ndizotheka," akutero Dr. Ajay Nangia, Purezidenti wakale wa Society for Male Reproduction and Urology. "Amunawa samakonda kuwakonda, ndipo amangofikira pakumverera kutengeka pamene kugonana kuli ngati momwe kumakhalira mu kanema."
Ngati zomwe zimayambitsa kukwera kwa ED zili pamtsutsano, mwayi wopeza zolaula kudzera pazakanema zaka 2005 zapitazi sichoncho. Kubwera kwa masamba amakanema omwe, monga YouTube (omwe adayambitsidwa mu 58), amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kutsitsa, kuphatikiza ndikupanga makanema kwasintha momwe anthu amawonera zolaula. Pali mitundu yambiri yaulere yaulere yomwe ikukulirakulira chifukwa aliyense, kuyambira akatswiri mpaka akatswiri, amatha kuyika vidiyo pa intaneti. Kampani ina yodziyimira payokha yotsatira mawebusayiti inatsekera alendo 2006 miliyoni ku United States mwezi uliwonse ku malo akuluakulu mu February 107. Zaka khumi pambuyo pake chiwerengerocho chinali 2.4 miliyoni. Imodzi mwa malo akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi, a Pornhub, tsamba logawana-kanema, akuti limalandira alendo 2015 miliyoni pa ola limodzi ndipo kuti mu 4,392,486,580 mokha, anthu padziko lonse lapansi adawonera maola 34, zomwe ndi zochulukirapo kuposa bola Homo sapiens adakhala padziko lapansi. Zithunzi zolaula zimapezeka paliponse, zakhala zikuphatikizidwa, kuphatikiza Lamulo 24, lomwe limati, "Ngati ilipo, pali zolaula zake." (Leprechauns? Check. Pterodactyls? Check. Pandas? Check.) Intaneti ili ngati malo odyera odyetserako zokhazokha omwe amakhala ndi maola XNUMX omwe amatumizirako zakudya zosiyanasiyana.
Ndipo achichepere akudya. Pafupifupi 40% ya anyamata aku Britain azaka 14 mpaka 17 adati amawonera pafupipafupi, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa february 2015 wa University of Bristol. Chyng Sun, pulofesa wothandizana ndi atolankhani ku Yunivesite ya New York, akuti pafupifupi theka la amuna 487 omwe adawafufuza pa kafukufuku wina anali atawonapo zolaula asanakwanitse zaka 13. Kafukufuku mu Journal of Sex Research amatulutsa koyamba pa , pafupifupi, zaka 12 za anyamata.
Kusintha kwakukulu pazaumoyo wa achinyamata nthawi zambiri kumalimbikitsa kafukufuku wofufuza kuti awone zomwe zikuchitika. Koma pamenepa, osati kwambiri. Zimakhala zovuta ngakhale kupeza ndalama kuti muphunzire kuchuluka kwa zolaula, atero a Janis Whitlock, omwe kale anali aphunzitsi azakugonana omwe tsopano ndiwofufuza zamisala ku University of Cornell. Ogwira ntchito ku NIH akuti amalangiza ofufuza kuti asagwiritse ntchito mawu oti kugonana pempho lawo ngati zingatheke. Katswiri wa sayansi ya ubongo Simone Kühn, yemwe kafukufuku wake wowonera zolaula komanso mawonekedwe aubongo adasindikizidwa mu JAMA Psychiatry yolemekezeka, akuti omwe amalemba ntchito ku Max Planck Institute sanasangalale nawo.
Kuperewera kwa kafukufuku ukukulitsa nkhondo yayikulu m'magulu azamaphunziro za zovuta zakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso. Ndipo palibe sayansi yovuta kwambiri yosankha zotsatira.
Amayi ochepera amaliseche amakhala ndi guru lalikulu: Gary Wilson, 59, yemwe kale anali pulofesa wa sayansi ya biology kumwera Oregon University ndi masukulu osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito ndi wolemba za ubongo wanu pa Porn: Zithunzi zolaula pa Intaneti ndi Emerging Science of Addiction. Webusaiti yake, yourbrainonporn.com, kapena yowonjezera YBOP, ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zowunikira zomwe zimagwirizanitsa chiyanjano pakati pa zolaula zowonongeka ndi achinyamata. Anthu ambiri amamupeza kudzera mu nkhani yake ya 2012 TEDx, yomwe ili ndi maonekedwe oposa 6 miliyoni.
YBOP imanena kuti kuwonera zinthu zochulukirapo paunyamata kumakhudza ubongo m'njira zingapo. Wilson anati: "Zithunzi zolaula zimaphunzitsa ubongo wanu kufuna chilichonse chokhudzana ndi zolaula." Izi sizimangophatikiza zomwe zili komanso njira yobweretsera. Popeza makanema olaula amakhala opanda malire, aulere komanso achangu, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kudina kuti aone mtundu wina watsopano atangodzuka ndipo potero, atero, "zikhalidwe zawo zimangokhala zachilendo, zosasintha."
Ndondomeko yolaula yokhudzana ndi zolaula komanso dopamine yomwe imakhalapo nthawi zambiri imalimbikitsa izi. "Zotsatira zake kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti ndi omwe amachititsa kuti ubongo ugwiritse ntchito zolaula, ndipo sizimalimbikitsa kugonana ndi munthu weniweni," akutero Wilson. Ndiyeno pali chizoloŵezi: kufunika kwa ambiri kuti agwirizane chimodzimodzi. "Zachilendo kwambiri, ziboda zina, mantha ndi kudabwitsidwa ndi nkhawa - zonsezi zimakweza dopamine," akutero. "Chifukwa chake amafunikira omwe angagone nawo."
Ofufuza ena akukana kulumikizana kulikonse pakati pa zolaula ndi kuwonongeka kwa erectile. "Pakalibe umboni wokhudzana ndi sayansi, kulimba mtima [chikhulupiriro cha [anyamatawa] kuti zolaula zimayambitsa ED si umboni wotsimikiza kuti zomwe amakhulupirira," akutero a David J. Ley, wama psychologist komanso wolemba The Myth of Sex Addiction. "Ambiri mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula sananene chilichonse chovuta. Ndi ochepa kwambiri omwe amafotokoza nkhawa za ED. ”
Ley akuwonetsa kafukufuku waposachedwa wa anyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, monga pepala la 2015 mu Journal of Sexual Medicine, momwe ofufuza aku University of Zagreb ku Croatia adasanthula kafukufuku wazaka za anyamata 4,000 ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha m'maiko atatu aku Europe ndipo adangopeza kulumikizana pang'ono pakati pazogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi mavuto a erectile. (Ndipo ku Croatia kokha.) Wina adapeza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula omwe anali achipembedzo amatha kuganiza kuti ali osuta. Nicole Prause, wama psychologist and neuroscientist, komanso CEO wa Liberos, kampani yofufuza zaubongo, amakhulupiriranso kuti PIED ndi nthano chabe: "Kafukufuku wambiri awonetsa kuti olosera zamphamvu za ED akupitilizabe kukhumudwa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo."
Kwa anyamata achichepere, komabe, Chiwonetsero A nthawi zonse ndimakhalidwe awoawo. "Ngati mutha kupeza boner ndi zolaula ndipo simungapeze boner popanda zolaula, ndizovuta kwambiri monga momwe umboni umakhalira," ikutero Deem of Reboot Nation. Amachotsa zifukwa zina zilizonse zakulephera kwake kugonana. Kusadziwa zambiri? "Ndakhala mnyamata wodalirika komanso wodziwa zambiri kuyambira ndili ndi zaka 14," akutero. Kunenepa kwambiri? Ndi mphunzitsi wotsimikizika yemwe, amatero, pansi pa 10% yamafuta amthupi. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo? Amati adasuta ziwalo zisanu m'moyo wake. Ndipo ED yake sakanakhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kuda nkhawa, chifukwa akuti sakanatha kudzutsidwa ngakhale atachita maliseche kunja kwa Lamlungu masana. “Ndinathamangira pakompyuta yanga kukayang'ananso. Ndinayamba zolaula ndi bam! ”
Kupatula zovuta zomwe anyamatawa akukumana nazo, pali kafukufuku yemwe akuyenera kupatsa aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Kafukufuku wa 2014 fMRI kuchokera ku Max Planck Institute adazindikira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumatha kukhudza ubongo. Kühn, wolemba, anati: "Amuna omwe amaonera zolaula amadya kwambiri, ubongo wawo umakhala wocheperako. "Ndipo omwe amaonera zolaula ambiri samachita chidwi ndi zithunzi zolaula m'dera lomwelo." Kafukufuku wina adawonetsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula omwe amakhala pafupipafupi anali opupuluma ndipo samatha kuchedwetsa kukhutitsidwa. Ndipo kafukufuku wofufuza zaubongo ku University of Cambridge ku 2014 adawonetsa kuti amuna omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chogonana amayankha makanema omveka mofananamo momwe ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amathandizira. ankawasilira, ngakhale ngati sanawakonde.
Wofufuza wamkulu mu kafukufukuyu, neuroscientist and neuropsychiatrist Valerie Voon, akuti ambiri mwa anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amakhala kuti ali ndi vuto la erectile. Koma iye ndi Kühn onse amadziwa kuti zonsezi sizitsimikizira kuti zolaula zimachepetsa ubongo; Zingakhale kuti anthu omwe ali ndi malo ocheperako amafunika kuwonera zolaula zambiri kuti azisangalala. Voon anati: “Ndikanakhala wosamala pogwiritsa ntchito kafufuzidwe kamodzi kokha pofuna kutanthauza kuti ubongo‘ wawonongeka ’. "Tikungofunika maphunziro owonjezera."
Mtsutso wokhudzana ndi zolaula ndi gawo lokhazikika pamgwirizano wamankhwala ndi asayansi ngati zingatheke kugawa zomwe zimatchedwa zizolowezi, monga kutchova juga ndi kudya, mgulu lomwelo monga zosokoneza bongo, monga mowa kapena mankhwala akuchipatala. Pembedzero limanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mawu osokoneza bongo pofotokoza zomwe zingakhale chilakolako chofuna kugonana sikungathandize ndipo zitha kukulitsa vutoli polinyalanyaza.
Koma kwa Voon, yemwe amaphunzira zosokoneza bongo, kuwonera zolaula kumaoneka ngati chimodzi, ngakhale zili ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza chidwi chatsopano chazinthu zina zosokoneza bongo. "Ndizotheka kuti kuphatikiza kwa zolaula zomwe zimapindulitsa kwambiri kuwonjezera pazatsopano zitha kukhala ndi vuto lina," akutero.
Brian Anderson, katswiri wodziwa zamaubongo ku University of Johns Hopkins, ali ndi lingaliro lochititsa chidwi. Zapadera zake ndikupanga zizolowezi; mu February gulu lake lidatulutsa kafukufuku wosonyeza kuti zokopa zowoneka bwino zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi mphotho ndizovuta kuzinyalanyaza zikadzakumananso. Ubongo ukazindikira umboni wosangalatsa, umasamala kwambiri ndikuletsa zoyambitsa zina. Anderson anati: "Ubongo wanu umalumikizidwa kuti ukhale ndi zotere, ndipo ukazimangiriza kuzinthu zolaula zimakhala zosokoneza komanso zovuta kuzimitsa," akutero Anderson.
Amaganiza kuti zolaula zimawoneka bwino kwambiri. Iye anati: "Zimapangitsa kuti anthu azisamala kwambiri," akutero. "Ubongo uphunzira mayanjano amenewo mwachangu kwambiri." Ndipo chifukwa miyoyo ya anthu amakono ndi yolemetsa kwambiri pakompyuta, pali zokumbutsa zolaula kulikonse. "Mwina pakubwera nthawi," akutero, "pomwe mungatsegule msakatuli wanu ndikuyamba kuganizira zolaula." (Ndipo izi zisanachitike kutiukadaulo weniweni umapangitsa zinthu kukhala zatsopano.)
Popeza achichepere akudandaula kuti zolaula zonse zikugaya muubongo womwe ukupitilizabe, ndizotheka kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Philip Zimbardo, pulofesa wotuluka pa psychology ku University of Stanford (ndi munthu yemwe adachita kafukufuku wodziwika ku ndende ya Stanford), akuti zolaula nthawi zambiri zimayenderana ndi masewera apakanema ndipo chimakonzedwanso moyenera kukhala chizolowezi momwe zingathere.
"Zolaula zimakuphatikizirani nthawi yomwe ndimatcha kuti nthawi yochenjera," akutero. "Mumakonda zosangalatsa komanso zachilendo ndipo mumakhala ndi moyo kwakanthawi." Ngakhale kuti samamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, akuti, zolaula zimakhudzanso machitidwe omwe anthu osokoneza bongo amachita: anthu ena amasiya kuchita zina zambiri kuti azitsatira. "Ndipo vuto ndiloti, pamene mukuchita izi mobwerezabwereza, malo opindulitsa aubongo wanu amataya mphamvu yakudzutsa," akutero. Panthaŵi yomwe anyamata ali pachimake, akuti, kusakhazikika konseko kumatha kuchititsa kuti pakhale zovuta zogonana mosayembekezereka.
Noah Church imapereka pafupifupi maola 20 pa sabata kuyesera kuthandiza ena kuchotsa zolaula m'miyoyo yawo, kapena kuti athetse chizolowezi chotchedwa PMO (zolaula, maliseche, maliseche). Adalemba buku laulere za izi, Wack, akutumiza addictedtointernetporn.com ndikulangiza anthu kudzera pa Skype pamalipiro $ 100. Rhodes, pakadali pano, amayesetsa kuthandiza anyamata kuti abwezeretsemo mwa kukonza "zovuta," pomwe achinyamata amayesetsa kupewa PMO kwakanthawi. Pali magawo osiyanasiyana a kudziletsa: choopsa kwambiri (chodziwika, chodabwitsa, monga "machitidwe ovuta") ndikutenga mbali ndi zochitika zogonana zilizonse, ndipo zocheperako ndizokumana ndi zachiwerewere zomwe zimakhalapo, kuphatikiza zomwe zimachitika zokha, koma popanda zothandizira. Tsamba la Deem limapereka njira zofananira, limodzi ndi othandizira ambiri ammudzi ndi zida zamaphunziro. Gulu la anyamata ochokera ku Utah ayambitsa bungwe lotchedwa Fight the New Drug, lomwe lili ndi pulogalamu yaulere yochotsera achinyamata yotchedwa Fortify.
Achinyamata omwe akufuna kuyambiranso ubongo wawo amafotokozanso zomwezo akasiya chizolowezicho. Ena mwa iwo ali ndi zizindikilo zofananira ndi kusiya monga kupweteka kwa mutu komanso kusowa tulo. Ambiri a iwo amalankhula za "kunyengerera," nthawi yopanda chimwemwe, zero libido komanso ngakhale maliseche olumala omwe amatha milungu ingapo. "Ndinkamva ngati zombie," akutero Deem. Achikulire anenapo zomwezi, koma nthawi zambiri amachira mwachangu, mwina chifukwa anali ndi zochitika zambiri zogonana m'moyo weniweni. Wosewera mpira watembenuza wosewera Terry Crews posachedwa adalemba mndandanda wa Facebook Mavidiyo okhudza kuwonongeka kwa chizolowezi chake ndi banja lake, komanso moyo wake, ngakhale kuti siwowoneka bwino. Anapita kukakonzanso. Ena anena kuti akubwerera mwachangu. "Ndidakhala wolunjika kwambiri, wogalamuka, wolimba mtima, wolumikizana ndi ena, wokonda kuchita zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso womvera," akutero Church. "Ndinayamba kusintha izi nditangosiya."
Chifukwa chakuti zolaula zimakonda kuchitidwa mwachangu, chinthu chatsopano kwambiri cha NoFap ndi batani lapaintaneti ladzidzidzi, lomwe likadina limatengera ogwiritsa ntchito chithunzi, makanema, nkhani kapena upangiri monga: "PMO siyiyinso. Njira yodyera chisanu chachikaso siyosankha. Sizimakhudzanso ntchito yopanga zisankho. ” Pulogalamu ya Brainbuddy, yomwe idapangidwa pambuyo poti wachinyamata waku Australia dzina lake David Endacott awona momwe zidamuvutira kusiya zolaula, imapereka njira zingapo - chochita kapena kanema wolimbikitsa. Osayang'ana zolaula ndi theka la nkhondoyi, akutero. Ubongo uyenera kupanga mayanjano atsopano komanso osiyana kosangalatsa ndi kompyuta. Monga Fitbit, pulogalamuyi imatsatiranso masiku omwe ogwiritsa ntchito apita osazolowera. Idakhala ndi zotsitsa zoposa 300,000 mpaka pano.
Chinthu chimodzi chimene anyamatawa sakunena ndikuthetsa zolaula, ngakhale zitakhala zotheka. "Sindikuganiza kuti zolaula ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa malamulo kapena kuletsa kapena kuletsa," atero a Rhode. Mulimonsemo, kukhazikitsa zolaula nthawi zonse kwakhala kukuchitika, ndipo lero sizingokhala chifukwa cha Choyamba Chosintha komanso chifukwa chaukadaulo. Vuto lomwe likukumana ndi malingaliro aku Britain okakamiza masamba azolaula kuti atsimikizire zaka za ogula awo ndikupeza momwe angagwirire ntchitoyi osalanda chinsinsi cha achikulire komanso ngakhale kuti achinyamata ambiri amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera pa intaneti mosavuta. (Malipoti akuwonetsa kuti alendo 1.4 miliyoni omwe amabwera kumawebusayiti akuluakulu ku Britain anali ndi zaka zosakwana 18 mu Meyi 2015, pambuyo poti zosefera za Internet zikupezeka.) Ngakhale tsamba lina laku US, Pornhub, lalonjeza kutsatira malamulo atsopanowa aku Britain, makampaniwa ndi okayikira pazachipatala. "Nambala yanga yoyamba yokhudzana ndi zolaula ndikuti akhala akuvomereza kuti anthu azigonana," atero a Rhode. “Amachiona ngati chopepuka.” (Pornhub anakana kuyankha mafunso aliwonse okhudza malamulo kapena zovuta zaumoyo pankhaniyi.)
"Monga mafakitale tawona zambiri zamakhalidwe," atero a Mike Stabile, director director a Free Speech Coalition, bungwe lazamalonda la akuluakulu ndi zosangalatsa. “Zikuwoneka kuti palibe asayansi ambiri odziwika bwino. Ngati pangachitike kanthu kena kakhoza kuyambitsa zokambirana. ” Makampaniwa sakugwirizana ndi njira yaku Britain yomwe imapangitsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti azisankha kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili ndi anthu achikulire m'malo mongosiya, atero a Stabile: "Zosefera izi zitha kulepheretsa kufikira magulu a LGBTQ komanso malo ophunzitsira za kugonana." Koma ndiye mtundu womwe senator wa boma Todd Weiler akuyembekeza kuti adzagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Utah. "Tasintha momwe timasinthira fodya, osati pokana kuletsa koma poyika malire oyenera," akutero a Weiler. Amafuna malo ngati McDonald ndi ndi Starbucks – ndipo ngakhale malaibulale - kuti azisefa ma-wi-fi awo kuti asakhale zolaula.
Kupereka mwayi wotsutsana ndi zolaula zomwe angakumane nazo, mosasamala kanthu za zosefera zilizonse, ndiye cholinga chachikulu cha omenyera ufulu wawo. "Achinyamata azaka khumi ndi zitatu komanso 14 ali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti asanazindikire kuti zitha kukhala zowopsa," atero a Rhode. Deem akunena kuti adakhala kutali ndi cocaine chifukwa adaphunzitsidwa kuti zingamupweteke. Amakondanso kuwona zolaula zikuchitidwa chimodzimodzi, ndi masukulu ophunzitsa za zovuta zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chogonana. "Nditha kuuza mwana wanga wamwamuna, ndidzakhala nanu momasuka, zinthu zonse zokopa, monga zolaula pa intaneti, zakudya zopanda thanzi komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zitha kukhala zosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa, kwakanthawi," akutero Deem. "Komabe, ali ndi kuthekera kokukhumudwitsani inu ndi zinthu zabwinobwino, mwakuthupi ndikubera zomwe mumayesa kuti zingakupatseni, kuthekera kokasangalala."
Kuwonetsa zolaula ndi kugonana kusukulu kungaoneke ngati chikhumbo chofuna kugonana. Kuphunzira za kugonana ndiko komwe kumayambitsa mikangano yambiri, ndipo sukulu samafuna kutsutsidwa poyambitsa ana ku zolaula, ngakhale zokhudzana ndi zokhudzana ndi zochitika zowonongeka. Makolo nawonso amayesetsa kubwereza nkhaniyi, kuwopa kuti ndi mafunso ati omwe angafunsidwe. Koma chidwi chimadana mpweya; zolaula pa intaneti zikuyamba kugonana kwa achinyamata ambiri.
Whitlock, yemwe kale anali wophunzitsa zakugonana, akuti adadabwitsidwa ndi momwe anzawo akale sankafunira kuti alankhule za zolaula. Amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa ophunzitsa zakugonana anali kulimbana ndi chithunzi cholakwika cha kugonana kwanthawi yayitali pazaka zophunzirira zokhazokha, amakhala osagwirizana ndi chilichonse chomwe chimayambitsa mafunso okhudzana ndi kugonana. Adapeza kuti ngakhale kufunsa ophunzira kuti aganizire zomwe zizolowezi zawo zowonera zimachita ndi thanzi lawo lamaganizidwe zimakumana ndi kubwerera m'mbuyo. "Ndizopanda tanthauzo kwa ine," akutero. "Zili ngati kunena kuti ngati mukukayikira kufunika kodya Dunkin 'Donuts nthawi zonse chifukwa choti' mulibe chakudya. '”
Njira yabwino yoperekera uthengawu ikhoza kukhala yapaintaneti, koma chodabwitsa ndichakuti, zoyesayesa zambirizi zimalepheretsedwa ndi omwe amaletsa zolaula. Limenelo ndi vuto la Brainbuddy. Mlengi wake akuwona kuti ndikofunikira kuti akafike pagulu la anthu azaka 12 kapena kupitilira apo, koma ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kukhala opitilira 17 kuti atsitse.
Manyazi okhudzana ndi chizolowezi zolaula amachititsa kupempha thandizo kukhala kovuta, ngakhale asayansi ya sayansi ya zamoyo akunena kuti izi zitha kuchitikira aliyense. Ndiye pali manyazi otsutsana ndi anyamata omwe amalankhula motsutsana ndi mtunduwo pachikhalidwe chomwe chimakondwerera kugonana. Deem ndi othandizira ena amadziwa kuti akuyenda molakwika, kutsutsana ndi kunyozedwa. Koma sanasokonezedwe. Deem anati: "Ngati chilichonse chidzasintha, adzafunika kudzera mwa anyamata omwe adadutsa ngalandezo, omwe anali kudina ma tabu ndikuwonera zolaula tili ndi zaka 12."
M'modzi mwa mamembala atsopano a NoFap (omwe amadziwika kuti Fapstronauts), bambo wina wazaka 30 yemwe amayamba kuchita zankhanza masiku 30, akunena motere: "Ndikazilingalira," akulemba, "Ndawononga zaka zanga kufunafuna kompyuta kapena foni kuti tipeze chinthu chomwe sitingathe kuchipeza. ”
kudzudzulidwa: Nkhani yoyambirira ya nkhaniyi ikudziwika bwino ndi iwo omwe adalandira malipiro awo chifukwa cha uphungu wawo.
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