Sizimasankha. Chifukwa chake atha kukhala wina m'banja mwanu kapena kuntchito kwanu. Kapena mwina ndi inu.
Gabe Deem sanathe kuzimva, ndipo sanathe kudziwa chifukwa chake.
A kuwoneka bwino munthu mu 20s, iye siwachifundo akazi okongola. Iye siwosungulumwa. Palibe zamisala pa iye. Amakhala wolimba mtima komanso wokonda kucheza, pang'ono ndi pang'ono. Koma nkhondo yanga idayamba zaka zaunyamata, ”Akutero. "Kuyendetsa kwanga ma pixel kunayamba kupitilira kuyendetsa kwanga kwa azimayi enieni, ndipo ndikutanthauza azimayi enieni okongola. Palibe chilichonse padziko lapansi chomwe chinganditsegulitse ndipo ndangotuluka. ”
Deem amadziwa kusokonekera kwake kwa erectile kunalibe vuto lanyama; amakhoza kupanga zolaula pogwiritsa ntchito zolaula, popanda vuto. Sizinali zodandaula za ntchito. Sizinali funso la chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda kuti zimakalipa amuna akamakula, chifukwa cha zovuta za matenda ashuga kapena mtima. Anali munthu wachinyamata, wabwino. Koma, atafufuza mabungwe pa intaneti ndikupeza abambo zikwizikwi omwe ali ndi vuto lomwelo, ndipo makamaka atangokhala osatengera zomwe zidayambitsa, adatenga zovuta za woyankha m'modzi ndipo adapeza kuti sakanatha kuchita ziphiwe. popanda zolaula. Kwa zaka zambiri akugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, adayamba kudziwonera ali ndi zaka eyiti ndipo ndi 12 anali ndi intaneti yothamanga - adakonzanso njira zake za neural pazaka zopanga zambiri.
"Ndinasinthanso ubongo wanga ndi njira yake yosangalatsa yogwiritsa ntchito zolaula," akufotokoza motero a Deem, omwe pambuyo pake anali wokonzekera ntchito yodziwonetsa bwino za zolaula kudzera mu mtundu wake wa Re-Boot Nation. “Ine ndi anzanga tinali ana opanga maukadaulo ndipo sitinachite manyazi konse zolaula. Linali gawo labwinobwino la moyo wachinyamata, chinthu chomwe umakula nacho ngati 'mbadwa za digito'. Koma ndi nthawi yomwe ndinazindikira kuti pali zovuta zoyipa zolaula. Komabe, palibe amene anali wamkulupo amene anali kunena za izi. ”
Deem anati: “Ndinasinthanso ubongo wanga ndi makina ake okongola kwambiri kwa zaka khumi.
Sanapezekepo. Gawo lavuto ndilakuti, pomwe pakhala pali kafukufuku wina wa 40 pa zoyipa zokhudzana ndi kugonana komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zoseweretsa maliseche-amtundu wa zomwe zimatchedwa kuti PIED (porn-indenti erectile dysfunction) kapena PIDE ( porn-ikiwa imayendetsa kuchepa kwa zolaula - -amakhala osatsimikizika pakati pa akatswiri amisala kuti ngati pali vuto pano, kapena, ngati pali, chomwe kwenikweni chiri.
Opatulidwa DSM, Bayibulo lokonzedwa pafupipafupi la zamisala, mwachitsanzo, silikuyenera kuvomereza kuzolowera zolaula, ngakhale malingaliro ena ofunika akutero. Chaka chatha Bungwe Loona za Umoyo pa Dziko Lonse lidachitapo kanthu kuti livomereze vutoli pomazindikira kuti ndi vuto logonana, koma lidavomereza malingaliro ake ngati izi zikuphatikizana ndi kusiya juga kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zowonadi, pali mkangano wopitilira kuti izi sizikugwirizana konse ndi zokonda, osati kukakamizidwa, kujambula mawonekedwe omwe adokotala yekha angayamikire komanso omwe samathandiza anthu omwe akufunika thandizo.
"M'malo mwake, dziko la akatswiri azamisala ndi malingaliro tsopano liyamba kuchita zolaula kwambiri," atero Dr Claudia Herbert, katswiri wama psychologist komanso director director a Oxford Development Center ku UK. "Tikudziwa zambiri za zovuta zomwe zingachitike komanso kuchuluka kwa vuto lomwe lingachitike, chifukwa choti pali bizinesi yayikulu kwambiri [yolaula] yomwe ikuyendetsa, ikhoza kukhala yayikulu. Tikupeza kuti zimatengera momwe mumagwirirana ndi zolaula. Koma ngakhale mutangoyang'ana [osalimbikira] osachita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi zitha kuwoneka kuti zikuvulaza malingaliro. Imachepetsa kuganiza momveka bwino, imapanga zotulukapo. Mumalandira zizindikiro zodzipatula ngati mutu, kusakhazikika, nkhawa. Izi ndi zowopsa. ”
Kuchokera paumboni wongoyerekezera, Deem akuti pali kutsutsana pang'ono pa lingaliro loti pali vuto lalikulu kunja uko lomwe likupita mosasunthika, kupulumutsidwa ndi akatswiri azamisala ochepa koma osagwirizana ndi omwe akuimira anzawo, monga iye, amene makanema awo a YouTube amapeza mazana masauzande malingaliro. Ndipo popeza zomwe zakhudzidwa pakukula, ubongo wa achinyamata ambiri opulasitiki ndiwokhazikika komanso wamphamvu kuposa momwe uliri, tero, pa ubongo wazaka zapakati zomwe zimapeza mosangalatsa zolaula za pa intaneti koma sizinakulire, ndi vuto lomwe limawonekera kwambiri makamaka (ngakhale kutali kokha) zimakhudza anyamata. Popeza mibadwo yamtsogolo idzatero, kudzera pazida zomwe zidakwatirana, tsopano ndizolumikizanso zolaula, zikuwoneka ngati vuto lomwe likufunika kuthana nazo posachedwa. Zotsatira za chitaganya chachikulu kwambiri zimatha kukhala zazikulu.
“Anthu omwe ndimagwira nawo ntchito ndi osiyanasiyana. Chowonadi ndi chakuti aliyense atha kukhala ndi chizolowezi choonera zolaula, wazaka zilizonse, amuna kapena akazi, ngakhale limakhala vuto la amuna; omwe anakulira pa intaneti komanso omwe sanatero. Amabweranso ndi nkhani zosiyanasiyana, "atero a Church Church, a Joseph Wack: Addicted to Internet Porn ndipo tsopano wothandizira kwa iwo omwe akukumana ndi zolaula zokhudzana ndi zolaula. “Ena alibe zomwe unganene kuti ndi zolaula koma ali ndi vuto logonana chifukwa chogonana. Ena mwachiwonekere ali ndi chizolowezi. Amavutika kusiya kuonera zolaula ngakhale zitakhala zovuta za kugonana ndipo nthawi zina amawononga ubale wawo. ”
Ndi zovuta kudabwitsidwa ndi izi pomwe nkhaniyi yanenedwa m'malo ozizira. "Zolaula ndizopanda malire, sizimatha, 24 / 7, kulikonse komwe mungapite. Simuyenera kuyang'ana chinthu chomwecho kawiri. Maganizo a zolaula asintha kwambiri, "akutero Dr Robert Weiss, CEO wa Kufunafuna Kukhazikika komanso katswiri wodzipereka waku California pamakhalidwe azolimbikitsa kugonana kwa zaka zomaliza za 25. “Mumatengera kukondoweza kopitilira muyeso ndikuwapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri alimbane. Kodi kuonera zolaula kwa maola angapo a 10 kumachita chiyani ku ubongo womwe ukukula? Gawo lavuto ndilakuti, mpaka kafukufuku wambiri atachita — monga momwe tikuchitira zaka ziwiri zotsatira - sitimamvetsetsa zomwe tikuchita pano. Sitikudziwa ngati [anthu omwe ali ndi chizolowezi choonera zolaula] afunikira Band-Aid kapena chipatala. ”
Ndi momwe zolaula zimathandizira - zowoneka, zolimbikitsa kugonana, zomwe zimabweretsa kugundana kwa dopamine komwe kumabwera motsatana, ndizomveka kuwona chifukwa chomwe zingakhalire zosokoneza bongo, ngakhale azachipatala akamatsutsana ngati zasintha ubongo monga momwe zimasinthira ubongo chimodzimodzi mankhwala amatero. Ndife olimba mtima kupeza chakudya ndi kugonana ngati nkhani zakutsala (kwa mitunduyi). "Ndipo mukaphatikiza zomwe zimakusangalatsani, zolaula, ndi makina osokoneza bongo, pa intaneti, mumapeza zomwe zimatchedwa kuti synergistic. Zotsatira zake zimakulirakulira, "akufotokoza Dr David Greenfield, woyambitsa Center for Internet and Technology Addiction ku Connecticut, US, pulofesa wothandizira wa zamisala ku University of Connecticut School of Medicine ndi m'modzi mwa asayansi oyambira kuchititsa maphunziro akulu. kusanthula kwakukulu pa (chisanachitike Wi-Fi) intaneti.
"Ena alibe zomwe mungatchule kuti ndizokonda zolaula koma ali ndi vuto logonana lomwe lidayambitsa. Ena ali ndi vuto losokoneza bongo. ”
Ananenanso kuti: "Zolaula zimandisokoneza chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti munthu azisangalala. "Zakhala zikuchitika kwa zaka 20,000-plus. Pali zolaula za hieroglyphic. Koma zimakhala zapamwamba nthawi zonse ndi makanema atsopano, kuyambira kusindikiza mpaka zithunzi zosunthira mpaka ma CD, ma DVD ndi intaneti. Zithunzi zolaula zakhala zikulambira.
Chifukwa chiyani azachipatala omwe amakhazikika pakukonda ali osamala kwambiri povomereza zolaula? Mwa gawo, iye amawerengera, ndi chifukwa cha kulakwitsa kwakale kwachikale. "M'malo ambiri padziko lapansi, ku US mwachitsanzo, kugonana kumakhalabe mawu osadetsa," akutero. "Pali wobejera, manyazi kwachizungu pakugonana ngakhale kuti timagonana pogulitsa chilichonse, ngati chosangalatsa. Mukatcha munthu wina kuti "wanker", kutanthauza kuti wopusa, imanena kanthu momwe timamverera podziseweretsa maliseche. Mumavomereza zogonana komanso zamanyazi nthawi imodzimodzi ndipo zimayambitsa kusagwirizana. ”
Kachiwiri, pomwe zakumwa zoledzeretsa komanso zakumwa zoledzeretsa tsopano zimavomerezedwa kuti ndi zinthu zodziwikiratu, zoyipa zakale zomwe zidawopseza zinthu zonse ziwiri-kuti omwe ali ndi vuto ndiwofowoka, omwe ali ndi vuto linalake lamunthu - adakali ndi mwayi pazithunzi zolaula ogwiritsa ntchito. Kuvomereza khalidwe kumawonedwabe ndi ena monga kuvomereza.
Chachitatu, "pali zovuta kuti kuonera zolaula kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuti muchepetse chizolowezi, mwina zaka makumi angapo zisanayambe kusokoneza moyo wanu," akutero a Greenfield, omwe akuganiza kuti zingatenge zaka zinanso za 10 asanafike pazolowetsa kugonana. Zokonda zamasewera zimafufuzidwa chimodzimodzi-zimavomerezedwa ndi DSM. "Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a cocaine koma osakuvutitsani, kodi mumatha kusuta? Ndinganene zolaula. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito zolaula tsiku lililonse ndipo sizingakhudze ntchito yanu, banja lanu, maubale anu kapena kukupatsani mtundu wina wamtundu wogonana, ndiye kuti mphamvu zonse kwa inu. Ndimangoona anthu pomwe zachitika kale. ”
Ndipo pali nkhani ya momwe katswiri angathanirane ndi vuto lotereli. Kudula zakumwa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi chinthu chimodzi; moyo wogwira ntchito bwino umatheka popanda. "Koma umatha bwanji kugonana?" Akufunsa Greenfield. "Mungamuphunzitse bwanji munthu wina kuti azichita zachiwerewere koma azigonana?"
Rob Watt, wamkulu wa Innfortree Therapy, mchitidwe wokhawo yemwe ali ndi vuto lachiwerewere pamsewu wotchuka ku London wa Harley, akuvomereza: cholinga sicholimbikitsa kudziletsa koma kukhala ndi malingaliro oyenera pakugonana. “Kuzolowera kumatiuza kuti munthu amene amangokhalira kusuta, nthawi zambiri amakhala wokonda kudya, koma sizowona zachiwerewere kapena chakudya. Zomwe zili zomveka ngakhale zili choncho kuti zolaula za porn ndi vuto lalikulu; anthu akuziwona kwa maola ambiri. Koma ndizochepera pazambiri zochuluka kuposa zotsatira zake. Anthu ambiri ali kunja uko pamaso pa chophimba akuswa wina ndi kukhala ndi nthawi yayikulu; si vuto kwa iwo. Anthu ambiri amaonera zolaula ndipo ndilibe vuto ndi izi.
Watt anati: "Anthu omwe ndimawalankhula ndiwosowa, mwina akhoza kudzipha." “Amadzipeza akuchita zolaula kuntchito. M'malo mwake, samadziwonetsa kukalandira chithandizo asanagwidwe, nthawi zambiri ndi wokondedwa wawo, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto pachibwenzi chawo, ndipo mnzakeyo amawawona kuti ndi njira yachinyengo, makamaka chifukwa cha malingaliro osaganizira achikondi omwe tili nawo kuti bwenzi liyenera kukwaniritsa zosowa zathu zonse. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti pali mibadwo yatsopano yomwe ikubwera tsopano yomwe zochitika zenizeni zakugonana zomwe zimakhala ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, pomwe pali crossover yolaula. Mwina sitingakhale patali ndi vuto lalikulu chonchi kwa azimayi ena. ”
"Mungamuphunzitse bwanji munthu wina kuti azichita zachiwerewere koma azigonana?"
Inde, Watt akuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mozikakamiza nthawi zambiri kumayambira paubwana - sikuti ndimavuto akulu, mwina sizowopsa zomwe munthu akudziwa, koma mavuto amisala omwe amabwera chifukwa chosiya zosowa zina pomwe anali kukula. Kodi timazindikira bwanji izi? Pofikira pazinthu zomwe zimatha kusintha mawonekedwe nthawi yomweyo - zakudya kapena zosangalatsa. Kukopa kumapangitsa kubera kuwongolera moyo wa munthu chifukwa ndi zomwe munthu amafuna kuchita.
Koma kugunda kwa dopamine ndi kwakanthawi kochepa ndipo - mosiyana ndi endorphin yokwera kudzera mukuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kulumikizana ndi chilengedwe - sizokhutira. Novelty imakhala yofunika. Miyezo yolekerera imakwera. Kudalira kwa thupi kumakula. Kukhala paubwenzi ndi munthu weniweni kumayamba kuoneka, poyerekeza, wotopetsa, pang'ono ngati kugwira ntchito molimbika. Odwala amasiya kuwona anthu enieni ngati ogonana. Zolaula zimakhala chisangalalo chakuthupi chomwe chimawalepheretsa kuti asangalale ndi malingaliro abwino omwe amapezeka muubwenzi.
Ndiye chifukwa chake kuthana ndi mavuto osamvetseka sichinthu chofulumira. Inde, zovuta zoyesererazi zitha kutha patadutsa milungu ingapo, watero Watts, koma kuthana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa zingatenge zaka. "Sindikuganiza kuti yankho ndikungouza wina yemwe ali ndi vuto lomwe limawakakamiza kuti asakhudze mbolo yawo pazaka zotsatila za 12," akutero.
"Zolaula sizinali vuto kapena zachipembedzo ... ndidangosiya zolaula kuti ndigonanenso ndi bwenzi langa."
Robert Weiss ndi wakuda komanso woyera pankhaniyi. "Kwa ambiri, ndi funso lodana ndi zolaula ndikudzipereka kuzinthu zofunafuna moyo-kulowa nawo kwaya kapena chilichonse," akuwerengera. “Ndi zinthu zamtunduwu pomwe [odwala] amayambanso kusangalala ndi kusangalatsa anthu. Ndiye kuchita konse kapena ayi. Koma anthuwa nthawi zambiri safuna kuti abwerere. ”
Chimodzimodzinso, yankho la Mpingo ndi Deem ndikuti, mogwirizana ndi upangiri wa '12 Gawo' woperekedwa ku mowa kapena osokoneza bongo, kuti apite kozizira zikafika pakumenya nkhuku: kuyambira pano, kudziletsa kwathunthu, ngati sichikhudza munthu mbolo kapena kugonana. maubale ndi munthu wina, ndiye osachepera pa zolaula. “Kwa ine, zolaula sizinali nkhani yokhudza chipembedzo kapena chipembedzo. Sikuti ndikuletsa zolaula ndipo ndiribe chilichonse chotsutsana ndi anthu omwe amazionera. Ndangosiya zolaula kuti ndigonanenso ndi bwenzi langa, ndizo zonse, "akutero Deem, yemwe adayamba kuona kuti zolaula zomwe adayamba kuchita zidayambiranso miyezi itatu atasiya ntchito - nthawi yachilendo yomwe amafunika kukanikiza batani loyambitsanso — mutachira kwathunthu pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi inayi.
"Ngati ndifunsidwa ndi amuna ena choti ndichite, ndiye langizo langa: ingosungani zolaula mpaka kalekale ngati akufuna kugonana, ngati akufuna chikondi mu chiyanjano ndi zinthu zina zonse zomwe anthu amazikwaniritsa ndikofunika mu malingaliro . Aliyense akufuna kulumikizidwa kumene sikungakupatseni, ”akutero Deem. Koma kusiya. Zili ngati kuyesa kusiya zakudya zopanda pake mukamagwira ntchito ku Walmart. Zolaula ndizosadziwika, zotchipa komanso zotheka kupezeka. ”
"Ngati andifunsa amuna ena choti ndichite, ndilo langizo langa: ingokhalani kutali ndi zolaula ngati akufuna kugonana kwenikweni, ngati akufuna chikondi muubwenzi ndi zina zonse zomwe anthu amawona kuti ndizofunikira komanso zosangalatsa . ”
Muzinena ku Tchalitchi. Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kukhala woyela, ubale wake unatha pamavuto ndipo poyamba izi zidalimbitsa kutsimikiza kuti, ngakhale tsopano anali ndi nthawi yovuta, sadzabwereranso ku zolaula. "Koma ndinayambiranso, kenako ndikadakhala ndikuwonanso zolaula mwezi umodzi kapena iwiri, ndikuyambiranso, ndipo izi zidachitika ngakhale nditalemba bukuli," atseka Church, yemwe akuvomereza kunena kuposa kuchita, kumene) kupeza kapangidwe ndi mwambo, kumveketsa bwino pazomwe mukufuna kutsatira, kudziikira malamulo ena, kuwonongera nthawi kuti muzichita zina zomwe mukufuna kuchita. Ndikadali ndi chidwi. Sindikundivuta. Koma sindikuganiza kuti mutha kukhala omasuka nazo. Kukhutira kumayambitsa kuyambiranso. Sizitengera zolaula kuti abweretse vuto, ”akutero.
Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe chingachitike kuti athane ndi vutoli pamizu isanafike pomwe ambiri a Joes amapezeka kuti akungokonda kudzikongoletsa mumdima wakuda wa kudzikonda kosangalatsa? Pali ma foni oti ma foni amafoni atakonzedwa ndi mtundu wina wa fyuluta kuti alepheretse omwe ali ndi zaka zosakwanira kupeza zolaula, ngakhale zili choncho, pali kuvomerezedwa kokwanira kuti zosefera zotere zitha kusinthidwa mwachangu. Ndipo sizothandiza kwenikweni achikulire. Kupitilira apo, akuti, Deem, timafunikira maphunziro apamwamba azakugonana kwa ana apasukulu ndi akulu momwe kuti timvetsetsere zamomwe ubongo wathu umagwera tikamagwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso.
"Makampaniwo [psychiatry] ayambanso bwino [pothana ndi vutoli] koma tili ndi njira yayitali yoti tichitire," akutero Church. "Sindikuganiza kuti tawona kuchuluka kwa vutoli panobe." Koma chinthu chimodzi chatsimikizika, akuti a Weiss: "Tafika poti nthawi yoti anthu asiye kumangonena zolaula? Ndiye chinthu chimenecho? '”
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