Yambani apa: Chisinthiko sichinakonzekeretse ubongo wanu masiku ano zolaula

Nkhaniyi ndi Mwachidule maganizidwe ena ofunikira okhudza zolaula ndi ubongo wanu. Kwa sayansi kumbuyo kwake, chonde tsatirani onse kulumikizana ndikuwerenga tsamba ili. Zina zimagwirizana ndi nkhani zathu, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi maphunziro. Kuti mumve zambiri komanso kumvetsetsanso umboni Tsamba la Kafukufuku. Zomwe zilipo zikufufuze Masewera Osavuta.

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani mukagwetsa khoswe wamwamuna m’khola ndi khoswe wamkazi wolandira? Choyamba, mumaona kukwiya kogonana. Kenako, pang’onopang’ono, matayala a mwamuna wamkaziyo amatuluka. Ngakhale akufuna zambiri, iye watopa nazo. Komabe, m’malo mwa mkazi woyambayo ndi watsopano, ndipo mwamunayo nthawi yomweyo amatsitsimuka ndipo amavutika kwambiri kuti amupatse feteleza . Mutha kubwereza izi ndi akazi atsopano mpaka atafa kwathunthu.

Izi zimatchedwa Coolidge effect —mayankho odziyimira pawokha kwa okwatirana atsopano. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, amuna amatulutsa umuna wambiri woyenda ndipo amachita izi mwachangu akamaonera nyenyezi yolaula. Yankho lamphamvu limeneli lodziyimira pawokha kuzinthu zatsopano zogonana ndilo linayambitsa kuti muyambe kuonera zolaula pa intaneti.

Mofanana ndi mbewa ya labu ija, muli ndi njira yoyambirira muubongo wanu yomwe imakulimbikitsani kuti mubereketse akazi okhala ndi miyeso iwiri, amuna (kapena china chilichonse) pazenera lanu. (Zindikirani: Zotsatira za Coolidge zimapezekanso mwa akazi . Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti, akazi osaka ndi osonkhanitsa sali odzionetsera ngati amuna.)

Ma circuits oyambirira muubongo wanu amalamulira malingaliro, zilakolako, zilakolako, ndi kupanga zisankho mosazindikira. Amagwira ntchito zawo bwino kwambiri kotero kuti kusintha kwa zinthu sikunawone kufunika kosintha zinthuzo kuyambira kale anthu asanakhale anthu.

Dopamine wambiri, chonde

Kwa inu, makoswe, ndi nyama zonse zoyamwitsa, chilakolako ndi chikhumbo chofuna kugonana chimachokera makamaka ku mankhwala a neurochemical otchedwa dopamine . Dopamine imapanga gawo lofunika kwambiri la ubongo—dongosolo lopereka mphotho. Ndi komwe timakumana ndi zilakolako ndi zosangalatsa, komanso komwe timayamba kuledzera.

Dongosolo lakale la mphotho limakukakamizani kuchita zinthu zomwe zimakupangitsani kukhala ndi moyo wabwino ndikupatsa majini anu. Pamwamba pa mndandanda wathu wa mphotho za anthu pali chakudya , kugonana , chikondi , ubwenzi, ndi zinthu zatsopano . Izi zimatchedwa 'zolimbikitsa zachilengedwe,' poyerekeza ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Cholinga cha dopamine chosinthika ndikukulimbikitsani kuchita zomwe zimatumikira majini anu. Pamene squirt ikukula, mumafunikira china chake. Palibe dopamine ndipo mumangoinyalanyaza. Keke ya chokoleti ndi ayisikilimu— kutchuka kwakukulu . Selari—osati kwenikweni. Kulimbikitsa kugonana kumapereka kuphulika kwakukulu kwachilengedwe kwa dopamine komwe kumapezeka m'magawo anu opezera mphotho. Limodzi mwa mayina a dopamine ndi " molekyulu ya chizolowezi " chifukwa limagwira ntchito yayikulu mu zizolowezi zonse.

Dopamine

Ngakhale kuti dopamine nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "molekyu yosangalatsa," izi sizolondola mwaukadaulo . Dopamine makamaka imayang'ana kufunafuna mphotho, kuyembekezera , kufuna . Dopamine imapereka chilimbikitso ndi chilimbikitso chofuna kutsata mphotho zomwe zingatheke kapena zolinga za nthawi yayitali . Ngakhale kuti ndi zotsutsana komanso sizikukhazikika , "mphoto" yomaliza kapena malingaliro abwino amachokera makamaka ku opioids (ndi cannabinoids ). Mwachidule - dopamine ikusowa, opioids amakonda.

Monga momwe katswiri wa zamaganizo Susan Weinschenk adafotokozera , dopamine ya neurotransmitter siimapangitsa anthu kukhala ndi chisangalalo, koma imayambitsa khalidwe lofunafuna. "Dopamine imatipangitsa kufuna, kukhumba, kufunafuna, ndi kufunafuna," adalemba. Ndi njira ya opioid yomwe imapangitsa munthu kukhala ndi chisangalalo. Komabe, "dongosolo la dopamine ndi lamphamvu kuposa dongosolo la opioid ," adafotokoza. "Timafunafuna zambiri kuposa zomwe timakhutitsidwa." Kuledzera kungaganizidwe ngati kufuna kusangalala.

Chilendo, zachilendo, zachilendo

Dopamine ikukula kwambiri . Galimoto yatsopano, filimu yomwe yangotulutsidwa kumene, chipangizo chaposachedwa ... tonse tikufuna dopamine yochuluka. Monga momwe zilili ndi chilichonse chatsopano, chisangalalo chimatha pamene dopamine ikutsika.

Umu ndi momwe zotsatira za Coolidge zimagwirira ntchito: Magawo a mphotho ya makoswe akutulutsa dopamine yochepa poyerekeza ndi ya akazi omwe alipo, koma amapangitsa kuti dopamine ichuluke kwambiri kwa akazi atsopano. Kodi zimenezo zikumveka zachilendo?

Nzosadabwitsa kuti makoswe ndi anthu si osiyana kwambiri pankhani yoyankha kuzinthu zatsopano zogonana . Mwachitsanzo, pamene ofufuza aku Australia (graph) adawonetsa filimu yofanana yogonana mobwerezabwereza, zogonana za anthu omwe adayesedwa komanso malipoti aumwini onse adawonetsa kuchepa pang'onopang'ono kwa chilakolako chogonana. " Kale lomwelo " limakhala losasangalatsa. Kuzolowera kumasonyeza kuchepa kwa dopamine.

Pambuyo poonera maulendo 18—pamene anthu omwe amayesedwa anali kugwedeza mutu—ofufuza adayambitsa nkhani zatsopano zokhudza kugonana kwa amuna pa 19 ^ndi 20. ^Bingo ! Anthu omwe adayesedwawo ndi mbolo zawo adatchuka. (Inde, akazi adawonetsa zotsatira zofanana .)

Kudina zenizeni

Zolaula za pa intaneti zimakopa makamaka anthu omwe amalandira mphotho chifukwa zinthu zatsopano nthawi zonse zimakhala zongodina pang'ono. Zingakhale "mnzanu" watsopano, malo osazolowereka, kugonana kwachilendo, kapena - mumadzaza malo opanda kanthu. Mukatsegula ma tabu angapo ndikudina kwa maola ambiri, mutha kukhala ndi ogonana atsopano mphindi khumi zilizonse kuposa zomwe makolo athu osaka ndi osonkhanitsa adakumana nazo m'moyo wawo wonse. Kafukufuku akutsimikizira kuti kuyembekezera mphotho ndi zinthu zatsopano zimakulitsana kuti ziwonjezere chisangalalo ndikubwezeretsanso ubongo wa limbic. Zolaula za pa intaneti ndi zomwe asayansi amazitcha kuti supernormal stimulus . Izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimakokedwa (mwina zopangidwa) za zinthu zachilendo, zomwe timaziona molakwika kuti ndi zamtengo wapatali kwambiri.

Mphamvu zosayembekezereka

Anali Nikolaas Tinbergen, yemwe adapambana mphoto ya Nobel , yemwe zaka zapitazo adayambitsa mawu akuti supernormal stimulus (kapena supranormal). Anapeza kuti mbalame, agulugufe, ndi nyama zina zitha kunyengedwa kuti zikonde mazira abodza ndi zibwenzi. Mwachitsanzo, mbalame zazikazi zinkavutika kukhala pa moyo wa Tinbergen, zinkaona mazira a pulasitala bwino pomwe mazira awo otuwa, okhala ndi madontho ankafa osasamalidwa.

Anthu, monga mbalame, amayesa kufunika kwa chinthu cholimbikitsa kudzera mu ntchito yolimbikitsa mphamvu ya maselo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chisangalalo chogonana chimatulutsa dopamine ndi opioids zambiri - kubereka ndi Job One kwa majini anu.

Ndi zolaula za pa intaneti, si nkhani yongogonana yosatha yokha yomwe imakhudza dongosolo lathu la mphotho. Dopamine imayambitsanso malingaliro ndi zolimbikitsa zina , zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonekera kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito zolaula za pa intaneti:

Mantha - monga kudziimba mlandu, kunyansidwa, manyazi, nkhawa & mantha
kufunafuna ndi kufufuza - dera la mphoto limatchedwa nthawi zambiri woyang'anira dera
chirichonse zomwe zimaphwanya zoyembekeza - kudabwa, kudabwa, kapena kuposa momwe timaganizira

Zachilendo zamphamvu

Mawu ndi zithunzi zolaula zakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Momwemonso kuchulukira kwa mitsempha kuchokera kwa okwatirana atsopano . Komabe, zachilendo za Playboy zomwe zimachitika kamodzi pamwezi zimatha mukangotsegula masamba. Kodi wina anganene kuti Playboy kapena makanema osavuta "odabwitsa" kapena "opanga nkhawa?" Kodi izi zingaphwanye ziyembekezo za mnyamata wodziwa bwino kompyuta wazaka zoposa 12? Palibe chomwe chingafanane ndi "kufufuza ndi kufunafuna" kwa munthu wofufuza zolaula pa Google wokhala ndi ma tabo angapo. Chomwe chimapangitsa zolaula pa intaneti kukhala zapadera ndichakuti mutha kusunga dopamine yanu yodzaza ndi kudina mbewa kapena kudina pazenera.

Zambiri mwa zochitika zomwezi (nkhawa, manyazi, kudabwa, kudabwa) sizimangokweza dopamine , komanso chilichonse chimathanso kuwonjezera mahomoni opsinjika ndi ma neurotransmitters (norepinephrine, epinephrine, cortisol). Mankhwala a neurochemical awa amawonjezera chisangalalo pamene akuwonjezera mphamvu za dopamine zomwe zilipo kale. Pakapita nthawi ubongo wa wogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ukhoza kusokoneza malingaliro a nkhawa kapena mantha kukhala malingaliro okonda kugonana . Izi zimathandiza kufotokoza chifukwa chake ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ena amakula kukhala odabwitsa kwambiri kapena nkhawa zomwe zimayambitsa zolaula - chifukwa amafunikira kugwedezeka kwapadera kwa mitsempha kuti angolakalaka kugonana , kapena kuti afike pachimake.

Kodi n'chiyani chimapangitsa intaneti kugonana ndipadera?

N'zoonekeratu kuti zolaula za masiku ano n'zosavuta kuzipeza, zimapezeka maola 24 pa tsiku, masiku 7 pa sabata, kwaulere komanso zachinsinsi. Zimapereka zinthu zatsopano zopanda malire. Momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito nthawi zambiri zimasunga dopamine yokwera kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zolaula za pa intaneti zikhale zosangalatsa kwambiri, komanso zitha kukhala zosokoneza. Anthu omwe amavomereza kuti chizolowezi chogonana nthawi zambiri amayerekezera zolaula za pa intaneti ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena masewera apakanema. Ngakhale kuti zizolowezi za khalidwe ndi zosokoneza bongo zimagawana kusintha kwina kwa ubongo, mafanizo oterewa amalephera kuthana ndi vuto lalikulu: tili ndi ma circuit a ubongo ogonana, ndipo ma circuit awa amakhala osatetezeka makamaka paunyamata (ndipo amakhala osatetezeka kwa nthawi yonse yomwe tili ndi moyo).

Kunena mwanjira ina, palibe njira zobadwira za mowa, cocaine, kapena kuwombera munthu woyamba. Ngakhale kuti zonse zimatha kukweza dopamine ya malo obwezera mphoto (yofunikira pakusintha kwa ubongo chifukwa cha chizolowezi), palibe yomwe ili ndi mphamvu yopangira chitsanzo chathu cha chilakolako chogonana. Zolaula za pa intaneti zimatha kusintha kapena kukongoletsa madera athu akuluakulu a ubongo kuti tigone ndi kubereka - makamaka panthawi yaunyamata pamene ubongo umakhala wosinthika kwambiri ndipo umakonzedwa kuti uphunzire zonse zokhudza malo ake ogonana (kuti ubereke bwino).

Mphamvu yamasamba

Popeza kuti chiwonetsero ndi chida chathu champhamvu kwambiri chachilengedwe, komanso kubereka ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya majini, ubongo wathu umayesa kukumbukira chilichonse chokhudzana ndi chidziwitso champhamvuchi. Imachita izi polumikiza mayanjano ndi The Big Event (pachimake). Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ingaphatikizepo: voyeurism, kusaka / kufunafuna komanso zachilendo zosatha. Zitha kuphatikizaponso feteleza, nyenyezi zingapo zolaula, ma tabu angapo, zodabwitsa, mantha, kudabwitsidwa, nkhawa, ndi zina zambiri.

(Dziwani: Sitikukambirana za momwe achinyamata amakhudzidwira ndi zolaula zamtundu uliwonse zomwe zingaganizidwe komanso zosaganiziridwa, ngakhale kuti zimawakhudza kwambiri - zomwe makolo athu sakanatha kuchita.)

Makhalidwe ena omwe amaika zolaula pa intaneti kusiyana ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingakhale zowononga ndi makhalidwe:

Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti zolaula zolaula zili kutali kwambiri zovuta zambiri kuposa zolaula zolimbitsa thupi.
Kuwonjezera kukwatira kugonana (ndikupangitsa kuchepa kwa dopamine) munthu akhoza kusintha masewerawo panthawi yomwe amachitira zokondweretsa. Simungathe kuchita zimenezi musanafike 2006 ndi kufika kwake malo osungira chubu.
Mosiyana ndi zithunzi za anthu amaliseche, mavidiyo amalowetsa malingaliro anu, ndipo akhoza kukupangani zolaula, khalidwe, kapena trajectory (makamaka kwa achinyamata).
Zithunzi zimasungidwa mu ubongo wanu, zomwe zimakulolani kukumbukira nthawi iliyonse yomwe mukufuna "kugunda."
Pazakudya ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo pali malire a momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Komabe, palibe malire amthupi pakumwa zolaula pa intaneti. Mphamvu zakuchuluka kwa ubongo zomwe sizimagwira, pokhapokha ngati pachimake. Ngakhale zili choncho, wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kudina china chosangalatsa kuti ayambenso.
Ndi zakudya ndi mankhwala omwe amatha kuwonjezeka (chizindikiro cha chizolowezi choledzeretsa) pakudya zambiri. Ndi zolaula za pa intaneti zingathe kuwonjezereka zonse ndi "zibwenzi" ndi pakuwona mitundu yatsopano komanso yachilendo. Ndizofala kwambiri kwa wogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kusuntha ku zolaula zoopsa kwambiri. Wogwiritsa ntchito akhoza kupitanso patsogolo poonera mavidiyo ojambula kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula za VR.
The Ogwiritsa ntchito zakale amayamba kuyang'ana nkhani zosokonekera. A ubongo wa achinyamata ili pachimake pa kupanga dopamine ndi neuroplasticity, ndikupanga omwe ali pachiopsezo chotayirira ndi kugonana. Zinyama zachinyamata zimatulutsa Maseŵera apamwamba a DeltaFosB poyankha mankhwala ndi madalitso achilengedwe.

Kugonana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumagwirizanitsa njira zofanana za ubongo

Kugonana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumabweretsa mphotho yomweyo yomwe imapereka mitsempha ya maselo. Mosiyana, pali chabe chiwerengero chochepa za mitsempha-maselo zimagwiritsidwa ntchitomankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi madalitso ena achilengedwe monga chakudya kapena madzi. Kutembenukira ku maselo ofanana omwe amachititsa kugonana molimbikitsana kwambiri kumathandiza kumvetsa chifukwa chake meth, cocaine, ndi heroin akhoza kukhala oledzera kwambiri.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zambiri amanena kuti kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo “kumamveka ngati kutopa kwambiri”. Pochirikiza zomwe adakumana nazo, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumatsanzira zotsatira za kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a heroin pa maselo a mitsempha omwewo. Makamaka, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumachepetsa maselo a mitsempha omwe amapanga dopamine omwe amachepa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti kugonana ndi koipa. Zimangotiuza kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo amawononga njira zomwezo zomwe zimatikakamiza kubwerera kuchipinda chogona.

Kusintha kwa mphotho

Mosiyana ndi mphotho zina zopanda mankhwala ( chakudya chokoma kapena shuga) , koma mofanana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zochitika zogonana zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwa nthawi yayitali mu kuchuluka ndi mitundu ya ma glutamate receptors a malo olandirira mphoto. Glutamate ndiye neurotransmitter yayikulu yomwe imatumiza chidziwitso kuchokera kumadera ofunikira a ubongo kupita ku malo olandirira mphoto. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumapangitsa malo olandirira mphoto kukhala osamala kwambiri ndi zinthu zomwe zimawonedwa, mawu, malingaliro kapena zokumbukira zokhudzana ndi zochitika zogonana.

Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kugonana kumapangitsa kuti DeltaFosB, puloteni yomwe imayambitsa majini omwe amachititsa kuti munthu azimwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ipangike mofanana kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zonse . Kaya ndi kugonana kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuchuluka kwa DeltaFosB kumapangitsa ubongo kukhala ndi chilakolako cha "IT", kaya ndi "IT". Mankhwala osokoneza bongo samangogwiritsa ntchito maselo enieni amitsempha omwe amayambitsidwa panthawi yogonana, komanso amagwiritsa ntchito njira zomwezo zophunzirira zomwe zidasintha kuti tizilakalaka kugonana.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa dopamine m'malo olandirira mphoto chifukwa cha chilakolako chogonana kumafanana ndi komwe kumawonedwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga morphine, mowa ndi nikotini (kokwera kwambiri kuposa mphotho ina iliyonse yachilengedwe). Kuchuluka kwa dopamine ndi opioid ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe tingadziwire kusiyana pakati pa kudya apulo ndi kukhala ndi chilakolako chosangalatsa.

Kodi zolaula za intaneti ndizosokoneza?

Motero, mfundo zodziwika bwino monga ndemanga yeniyeniyi zimasokonekera: “ Eya, zochita zambiri zimakweza dopamine, kotero zolaula pa intaneti sizili zosokoneza kwambiri kuposa kuonera kulowa kwa dzuwa kapena kusewera gofu. ” Umenewo ndi mawu ochokera kwa katswiri wa zachiwerewere wamaphunziro (wodziwa bwino kwambiri). Mofananamo, mu yankho la katswiri wa zachiwerewere Marty Klein ku nkhani ya Zimbardo & Wilson adati momwe ubongo umayankhira poonera zolaula sizosiyana ndi kuonera kulowa kwa dzuwa :

Kuphatikiza apo, ubongo wathu umachitanso chimodzimodzi tikanyamula mdzukulu wathu kapena tikamalowa dzuwa. ”

Chidziwitso cha Klein chidayesedwa kale ndipo chinasokonezedwa, mu phunziro la XMUMX fMRI: "Chikhumbo chokhala ndi cocaine chokhudzidwa ndi matenda: Chidziwitso cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Phunziroli linali ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso machitidwe abwino owonera mafilimu a: 1) omwe amasuta fodya cocaine, 2) maonekedwe a kunja, ndi 3). Zotsatira zake: mankhwala osokoneza bongo a cocaine anali ofanana ndi machitidwe a ubongo pamene akuwona zolaula ndikuwona zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi chizoloŵezi chawo. (Mwachidziwitso, onse omwe amamwa mankhwala a cocaine ndi machitidwe abwino a ubongo anali ndi zofanana za ubongo zolaula.) Komabe, chifukwa chodziletsa ndi kulamulira, zochitika za ubongo pakuwona zochitika zachilengedwe zinali zosiyana kwambiri ndi zochitika zowonongeka. Pezani mfundo yolankhula zopusa!

Lingaliro lofunika kwambiri ndilakuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kuyambitsa ma neuron a "kugonana" ndikuyambitsa chisokonezo popanda kugonana kwenikweni. Chimodzimodzinso zolaula za pa intaneti. Gofu ndi kulowa kwa dzuwa sizingathe. Komabe, rock & roll yakale singathe.

Kuledzeretsa sikofunikira kuti ubongo umapangitsa ubongo kusintha kapena zotsatira zoipa

Zabwino ngati mumatha kuzipeza: zolaula pa intaneti ndizopatsa chidwi kwambiri komanso "makina opanga dopamine." Funso lachizolowezi ndi:

" Kodi zotsatira zake zonse za dopamine ndi ziti ?"

Komabe, funso lolondola kwambiri ndi lakuti:

" Kodi zotsatira zake zingakhale zotani chifukwa cha dopamine yonseyi poyankha kusakaniza kwa zinthu zina ?" (pankhaniyi zolaula za pa intaneti ndi kompyuta)."

Ngakhale zotsatira zake ziri zambiri, ubongo wotsatira umasintha gawo lalikulu muzizindikiro ndi zochitika zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimawoneka:

1) Zogonana

Izi zikuwoneka m'njira ziwiri:

Mtundu umodzi wazikhalidwe zakugonana ungafotokozedwe mwachidule monga - "Izi ndi momwe anthu amagonana, ndipo ndi momwe ine ndikuyenera kuchitira. "Ambiri kafukufuku & otchuka nkhani Ganizirani za mtundu umenewu wa chikhalidwe cha kugonana, makamaka achinyamata. Ngakhale kuti ndi kofunikira kwambiri, YBOP ikuganizira za mtundu wachiwiri wa chikhalidwe cha kugonana.
Mtundu wachiwiri ukhoza kufotokozedwa mwachidule monga - "Izi ndi zomwe zimanditembenuza.”Kuphunzitsidwa kozama kochulukirapo kumeneku kungaphatikizeponso: kuonera zolaula kukhala zosangalatsa kwambiri kuposa kugonana kwenikweni, kapena kungodina kuchokera pa vidiyo mpaka kanema kuti mukhale ndi vuto logonana, kapena mndandanda wosasinthika wa zolepheretsa kugonana owonetsa olemba.

2) Kusintha kwokhudzana ndi bongo

Izi zimabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kusintha kwa ubongo kovuta kumeneku kumachitika pamlingo wosiyanasiyana ndipo kungachitike popanda kukhala ndi chizolowezi chokwanira (monga momwe zilili mu kafukufukuyu wokhudza ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ).

Pano pali lingaliro lofunika: Kugonana komanso kuledzera gawani yemweyo kusintha kwakukulu kwa ubongo, kuchitika mu yemweyo mawonekedwe, omwe ayambitsidwa ndi yemweyo chizindikiro cha tizilombo.

Kusintha kwa ubongo kumatchedwa 'kulimbikitsa'(koma kuledzera kwathunthu kumaphatikizapo kusintha kwina kwa ubongo)
Dongosolo ili ndi gawo la mphotho (ma nucleus accumbens).
Chizindikiro chachikulu, ndi zoona, dopamine.

Kulimbikitsana kumachitika pamene ubongo umalumikiza pamodzi zowoneka, zomveka, kununkhiza, zomverera, zotengeka, komanso zokumbukira zomwe zimakhudzana ndi mphotho yayikulu, monga kuseweretsa maliseche - ndikupanga njira yomwe ingayambitse mphotho yathu mtsogolo. Njira iyi ikayambitsidwa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kapena zoyambitsa, zimapanga zamphamvu, zovuta kunyalanyaza, zilakolako.

Kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mphotho zachilengedwe (zolaula, zakudya zopanda thanzi) kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa dopamine, komwe ubongo wanu wakale umatanthauzira kuti: " Ntchitoyi ndi yofunika kwambiri - ndipo muyenera kuichita mobwerezabwereza ." Zachidziwikire, palibe chofunikira kwambiri ku ubongo wanu wakale kuposa kufalitsa majini anu - ngakhale ubongo wanu wapamwamba utazindikira kuti ndi chotchinga chabe. Dopamine imatithandiza kukumbukira ndi kubwereza zomwe (zimaganiza) zimathandizira kuti majini athu apulumuke. Imakwaniritsa izi mwa kulumikizanso ubongo.

Makina anu omwe mwabedwa: Dopamine induces DeltaFosB

" Kudya kwambiri" ndi mwayi wosintha zinthu m'njira yoti kupulumuka kumapitilizidwa ndi kukhuta kwachibadwa. Taganizirani za mimbulu, yomwe imafunika kubisa makilogalamu makumi awiri a nyama imodzi nthawi imodzi. Kapena makolo athu, omwe amafunikira kusunga ma calories apamwamba ngati mapaundi ochepa owonjezera kuti apulumuke mosavuta nthawi zovuta. Kapena nthawi yoberekera, pamene pali harem yoti abereke. Kale, mwayi woterewu sunali wosowa ndipo umatha msanga. (Zosintha: dera lodya mopitirira muyeso lapezeka .)

Malo athu adasintha kwambiri. Intaneti imapereka mwayi wotha msinkhu wophatikizapo, womwe ubongo wanu wakale umawona kuti ndi weniweni chifukwa mumawapeza akuukitsa. Monga nyama iliyonse yabwino, mumayesera kufalitsa majini anu kutali, koma palibe mapeto lanu nyengo ya mating.

Dinani, dinani, dinani, maliseche, dinani, dinani, maliseche, dinani, dinani, dinani, dinani. Tsiku ndi tsiku, osapatsa ubongo wanu mpumulo woyenera. Izi zingapangitse kuti muzichita zinthu mopitirira muyeso. Chisinthiko sichinakonzekeretse ubongo wanu wakale kuti ukhale ndi mtundu uwu wa zosangalatsa zosalekeza.

Evolutionary Jackpot

Kudya kwambiri (chakudya kapena kugonana) ndi chizindikiro cha ubongo wanu wakale kuti mwafika pamlingo wokwera kwambiri . Mukadya mopitirira muyeso tsiku lililonse, kuchuluka kwa dopamine kumayambitsa kupanga puloteni ya DeltaFosB . Kudya mopitirira muyeso mphotho zachilengedwe ( kugonana , shuga , mafuta ambiri , kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ) kapena kupereka mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zonse kumapangitsa kuti DeltaFosB idziunjikane pang'onopang'ono m'magawo a mphotho. DeltaFosB imayambitsa majini ena omwe amayambitsa kusintha kwa ubongo, kuphatikizapo kuzindikira.

Kupitirira malire → Dopamine → DeltaFosB → Kusokoneza

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo amangoyambitsa chizolowezi chifukwa amakulitsa kapena kulepheretsa njira kale m'malo mwa mphoto zachilengedwe. Imodzi mwa DeltaFosB's Zolinga zakusinthika ndizolimbikitsa ife kuti "tipeze pamene kupeza kuli bwino!" Ndi njira yoledzera ya chakudya ndi kubereka, yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino munthawi zina komanso madera. Ndikubwera kwamitundu yayikulu yamalipiro achilengedwe, komabe, zimapangitsa zizolowezi kuchita zakudya zosapatsa thanzi ndi zolaula pa intaneti zosavuta monga 1-2-3.

Kuyanjanitsa: Chikumbutso chachikulu cha Pavlovian chimapangidwa

Kuphunzira, kukumbukira, ndi zizolowezi zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule m'mawu akale, koma oona, akuti - " Maselo amitsempha omwe amalumikizana pamodzi, amalumikizana ."

Kulumikizananso kwa chizolowezi kumachokera ku DeltaFosB , yomwe imalimbitsa kulumikizana pakati pa maselo amitsempha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti azilankhulana. Ngakhale DeltaFosB imagwira ntchito pa gawo la mphotho, kulumikizana kwamphamvu kwa mitsempha ndiko kumbuyo kwa kuphunzira konse. Njirayi imatchedwa neuroplasticity . Chidziwitso chikakhala champhamvu kwambiri, kulumikizana kumakhala kolimba . Kulumikizana kolimba, kumakhala kosavuta kuti mphamvu zamagetsi ziyende panjira yatsopanoyi.

Ngati kuonera zolaula mwachizolowezi kwayambitsa kusintha kwa ubongo chifukwa cha chizolowezi, mwapanga chizolowezi mu ubongo wanu . Monga momwe madzi amayendera m'njira yosavuta, momwemonso zilakolako, ndi malingaliro. Monga momwe zilili ndi luso lililonse, mukamachita zambiri, zimakhala zosavuta kuchita. Posakhalitsa zimakhala zokha , popanda kuganiza mozama. Mwapanga chizolowezi chachikulu cha zolaula mu ubongo wanu chotchedwa njira yodziwira ubongo.

Machitidwe a Pavlovian

Njira zodziwikiratu zitha kuganiziridwa ngati njira yodziwikiratu ya Pavlovian pa turbos. Zikayambitsidwa ndi malingaliro kapena zoyambitsa , njira zodziwikiratu zimaphulitsa dera la mphotho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zilakolako zikhale zovuta kuzinyalanyaza. Kafukufuku waposachedwa wa ubongo pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula adayesa kudziwikiratu, ndipo onse adanenanso momwe ubongo umayankhira mofanana ndi momwe zimawonedwera mwa anthu oledzera ndi osokoneza bongo ( pafupifupi maphunziro 25 anena kuti anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula/okonda kugonana amadziwikiratu)

DeltaFosB imachepa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo imabwerera pamlingo wabwinobwino pafupifupi miyezi iwiri munthu wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo atayamba kugwiritsa ntchito. Ngakhale kuti DeltaFosB siiliponso, njira zodziwikiratu zimakhalapo, mwina kwa moyo wonse. Kumbukirani, cholinga cha DeltaFosB ndikulimbikitsa kulumikizidwa kwa ubongo, kuti musangalale kwambiri ndi chilichonse chomwe mwakhala mukugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Kukumbukira kumeneku, kapena kuphunzira kozama, kumakhalapo nthawi yayitali pambuyo pa chochitikacho. Kuledzera sikuwononga kwenikweni - makamaka ndi kuphunzira kwa matenda.

Kodi ndi liti pamene wina aloka mzere?

Ambiri amafunsa funso lodziwika bwino kuti:Zili zochuluka bwanji? ” Funso ili likuyerekeza kuti Zotsatira za zolaula ndizosavuta. Ndiko kuti, mwina mulibe vuto, kapena ndinu woledzera. Komabe, zolaula zomwe zimapangitsa ubongo kusintha kumachitika pamtundu ndipo sungathe kusankhidwa kukhala wakuda ndi woyera, mwina / kapena. Kufunsa komwe munthu akudutsa mzere samanyalanyaza mfundo ya ubongo: ubongo umaphunzira nthawi zonse, kusintha ndi kusintha molingana ndi chilengedwe.

Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti ngakhale zochepa zokopa zapamwamba zimatha kusintha mofulumira ubongo ndikusintha khalidwe.

Mwachitsanzo, zinatenga masiku 5 okha kuti achinyamata athanzi azitha kusangalala ndi masewera apakanema. Osewera masewerawa sanali oledzera, koma anali ndi ubongo wochita zinthu zambiri zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zilakolako zawo. Mu kafukufuku wina , pafupifupi makoswe onse omwe anali ndi mwayi wopeza "chakudya cha cafeteria" anali onenepa kwambiri. Zinatenga masiku ochepa okha akudya zakudya zopanda pake kuti ma dopamine receptors a makoswe achepe (zomwe zinachepetsa kukhutitsidwa kwawo). Kusakhutira kochepa kunapangitsa makoswewo kudya kwambiri.

Zolaula zambiri zimakhudzanso zina

Ponena za zolaula za pa intaneti, kafukufuku waku Germany wokhudza amuna omwe samakonda zolaula adapeza kuti kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chizolowezi komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya ubongo ku zolaula kumagwirizana ndi zolaula zambiri zomwe zimadya. Kafukufuku waku Italy adapeza kuti 16% ya omaliza maphunziro aku sekondale omwe amadya zolaula kangapo pa sabata anali ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana. Yerekezerani izi ndi 0% ya ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula omwe akunena kuti alibe chilakolako chogonana. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku aliyense wokhudza amuna ( maphunziro opitilira 70 ) wanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi kusakhutira ndi kugonana kapena ubale. Mfundo yofunika kuikumbukira ndi yakuti chizolowezi sichifunikira pakusintha kwakukulu kwa ubongo kapena zotsatirapo zoyipa.

Mwachidule, chiwerewere, chidziwitso, kapena ubongo wina wokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chogonjetsa, umachitika pawonekedwe. Komanso dziwani kuti ubongo wathu umaphunzira nthawi zonse ndikusintha zachilengedwe. Kuonera zolaula pa intaneti, pokhala zovuta kwambiri zokhudzana ndi maulendo a kugonana osatha, zimapanga ubongo ndi kusintha maganizo.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake kufunsa mafunso monga “ Kodi tanthauzo la zolaula ndi chiyani ?” kapena “Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumatanthauza chizolowezi chochuluka bwanji ?” n’kosokeretsa komanso kosayenera. Choyamba chili ngati kufunsa ngati ndi makina olowetsa ndalama kapena blackjack zomwe zimapangitsa munthu kukhala ndi chizolowezi chotchova juga. Chachiwiri chili ngati kufunsa munthu amene amakonda kudya zakudya zambiri kuti amadya mphindi zingati.

Malo opezera mphotho ( nucleus accumbens ) sadziwa kuti "zolaula" ndi chiyani. Zimangowonetsa kuchuluka kwa chilimbikitso kudzera mu dopamine spikes . Izi ndi za thupi, osati makhalidwe abwino kapena ndale zogonana.

Zizolowezi za mankhwala osokoneza bongo sizinthu zokhazokha zokhazokha

Ndizodziwika bwino kuti zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga mowa kapena cocaine, zimatha kuyambitsa chizolowezi. Komabe, anthu kapena nyama 10-20% okha ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ( kupatula nikotini ). Kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti tonsefe tili otetezeka ku chizolowezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo? Mwina. Ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo molakwika, majini ndi nkhawa za ana zimakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri.

Komabe pankhani yopeza mwayi wopanda malire wopeza mitundu yosangalatsa kwambiri ya mphotho zachilengedwe, monga zakudya zopanda pake, kapena masewera apakanema , yankho ndi ayi , ngakhale kuti si aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito amene amakopeka nazo.

Maphunziro angapo a zinyama asonyeza kuti zakudya zopanda thanzi zimamwa kwambiri kuposa cocaine, (Ng'ombe zimakonda shuga kuti ikhocaine) komanso kuti kudyetsa kunenepa kungabweretse ubongo wokhudzana ndi mowa umasintha. M'malo mwake, makoswe akapatsidwa mwayi wopanda "chakudya chodyeramo," pafupifupi 100% amafikira kunenepa kwambiri. Ubongo ndi makoswe onenepa kwambiri zimawonetsera za omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Makoswe omwewo samadya kwambiri makoswe a chow, monganso momwe osaka-samatola samapeza mafuta pazakudya zawo.

Mphamvu ya shuga ndi mafuta

Izi zikuthandizira kufotokoza chifukwa chake 39% ya akuluakulu aku America ndi onenepa kwambiri ndipo 75% kapena kuposerapo ndi onenepa kwambiri , ngakhale kuti palibe amene akufuna kutero. Popeza ubongo wathu ukuyamba kuunikira, titha kuchepetsa mosavuta ma calories 1500 mu ma burger, ma fries ndi ma milkshake. Yesani kuchepetsa ma calories 1500 a nyama yokazinga youma ndi mizu yophika nthawi imodzi (kapena tsiku limodzi).

Zakudya zamafuta/shuga wambiri masiku ano komanso zolaula za pa intaneti (mukuwerenga izi) zitha kukopa anthu ambiri kuposa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mitundu yachilendoyi ya mphotho zachilengedwe imatha kuwononga njira zokhutitsira ubongo wathu - kumverera kwa "ndatha" - chifukwa ma calories ochulukirapo ndi mwayi wophatikiza umuna ndiye zinthu zofunika kwambiri m'majini anu. Chifukwa chomwe mitundu yolimbikitsa kwambiri ya chakudya ndi kugonana ingatikope - ngakhale titakhala kuti sitingathe kuledzera - ndikuti njira zathu zopezera mphotho zidasinthika kuti zitipangitse kudya ndi kugonana , osati mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kunena izi mwanjira ina, palibe njira zobadwira zofunafuna heroin, mowa, kapena cocaine. Komabe pali njira zosiyanasiyana zopezera ndi kudya chakudya komanso kugonana. Ndipo, ngakhale timakonda chakudya chabwino, chilakolako chogonana komanso kutopa kumatulutsa milingo yayikulu ya mankhwala amitsempha (dopamine ndi opioids). Ndi momwe ziyenera kukhalira: kubereka ndiye ntchito yoyamba ya majini athu.

Khalidwe labwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagawana njira zambiri zofanana ndikusintha kwa ubongo

Kafukufuku waposachedwapa akuwonetsa kuti zizolowezi za khalidwe ( kusuta chakudya , kutchova njuga , masewera apakanema , kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndi chizolowezi chogonana ) ndi zizolowezi za mankhwala osokoneza bongo zimagawana njira zambiri zofanana zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwakukulu mu kapangidwe ka ubongo ndi kapangidwe kake.

Izi sizosadabwitsa ngati mankhwala akhoza kungowonjezera kapena kulepheretsa kuti thupi liripo. Njira yeniyeni yomwe mankhwala amasinthira ntchito yamagulu amatchedwa "njira yogwirira ntchito". Mankhwala onse ndi makhalidwe omwe angayambitse kuledzera amagwira ntchito imodzi yofunika kwambiri: kukwera kwa dopamine mu nucleus accumbens (amatchedwanso mphoto).

Ubongo wokhudzana ndi mowa umasintha:

Mwachidule, komanso mwachidule, kusintha kwakukulu kwa ubongo komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha chizolowezi ndi: 1) Kuzindikira , 2) Kuchepetsa chidwi , 3) Ma circuits osagwira ntchito bwino (kusaganizira bwino), 4) Ma circuits osagwira ntchito bwino . Kusintha konseku kwa ubongo kwapezeka pakati pa maphunziro opitilira 31 ozikidwa pa sayansi ya ubongo pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto logonana :

1. Kusintha (kudziwa-kuyambiranso & kulakalaka)

Magulu abongo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kufunikira ndi kufunafuna mphotho amakhala okhudzidwa ndi kukumbukira kapena zochitika zokhudzana ku khalidwe losokoneza. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonjezera "kufuna" kapena kukhumba pamene kukonda kapena zosangalatsa zimachepa. Cites, monga kuyatsa kompyuta, kuwona pop-up, kapena kukhala nokha, zimayambitsa kulakalaka kwambiri zolaula. Izi ndizovuta kunyalanyaza. Ena amafotokoza kuti zolaula zimawoneka ngati 'kulowa mu msewu womwe umathawa kamodzi: zolaula'. Mwina mumamva kuthamanga, kugunda kwa mtima, ngakhale kunjenjemera. Zomwe mungaganizire ndikudula tsamba lawebusayiti yomwe mumakonda. Kafukufuku wofotokozera zamatsenga kapena zolaula mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula / zizolowezi zogonana: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 , 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28.

2. Kusintha (Kuchepetsa mphotho kumvetsetsa ndi kulolerana)

Izi zimaphatikizapo kusintha kwa mankhwala ndi kapangidwe kake kwa nthawi yayitali komwe kumapangitsa munthu kukhala wosakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chisangalalo . Kutaya chidwi nthawi zambiri kumawonekera ngati kulolerana, komwe kumafunika mlingo wokwera kapena kusonkhezeredwa kwakukulu kuti apeze yankho lomwelo. Ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ena amakhala nthawi yambiri pa intaneti, kutalikitsa magawo kudzera mu edging, kuonera osadziseweretsa, kapena kufunafuna kanema woyenera woti athetse. Kutaya chidwi kumathanso kukhala ngati kukulirakulira ku mitundu yatsopano, nthawi zina yovuta komanso yachilendo, kapena ngakhale yosokoneza. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kudabwa, kudabwa kapena nkhawa zonse zimatha kukweza dopamine ndikuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana. Maphunziro ena amagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "chizolowezi" - omwe angaphatikizepo kuphunzira njira kapena njira zoledzera. Kafukufuku akunena za kutaya chidwi kapena chizolowezi mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula / okonda kugonana: 1, 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7.

3. Maulendo osayenerera operewera (ofooka osagonjetseka +

Kugwirira ntchito kwa preortal cortex komwe kumagwira ntchito kapena kusintha pakulumikizana pakati pa dongosolo la mphotho ndi kotsogola kotchedwa cortex kumatsogolera ku kuchepetsa kosachedwa, komabe zolakalaka zazikulu zogwiritsa ntchito. Izi zigawo zamagetsi zamagetsi zoyambirira zimawoneka ngati kumverera kuti magawo awiri aubongo wanu akuchita nawo nkhondo. Njira zowonetsera izi zikufuula 'Inde!' pomwe 'ubongo wanu wapamwamba' ukunena, 'Ayi, osati!' Ngakhale magawo olamulira aubongo wanu ali ofooka momwe njira zosokoneza bongo zimapambana. Kafukufuku wofotokoza zaukatswiri wotsogola (kuchititsa ena) kapena kusinthidwa kuchita zinthu zotsogola ndi ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.

4. Kulephera kusokonezeka maganizo (zolakalaka zazikulu & zizindikiro zakutha)

Akatswiri ena okonda chizolowezi amaona kuti chizolowezi ndi vuto la kupsinjika maganizo, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse kumayambitsa kusintha kwakukulu mu dongosolo la kupsinjika muubongo, komanso kumakhudza mahomoni opsinjika omwe amayendayenda (cortisol ndi adrenaline). Dongosolo lopsinjika lomwe silikugwira ntchito bwino limabweretsa kupsinjika pang'ono komwe kumabweretsa chilakolako ndikubwereranso chifukwa limayambitsa njira zamphamvu zodziwikiratu. Kuphatikiza apo, kusiya chizolowezi kumayambitsa machitidwe opsinjika muubongo omwe amabweretsa zizindikiro zambiri zosiya zomwe zimafala pa zizolowezi zonse, kuphatikizapo nkhawa, kupsinjika maganizo, kusowa tulo, kukwiya komanso kusintha kwa malingaliro. Pomaliza, kuyankha mopitirira muyeso kwa kupsinjika kumalepheretsa ntchito za prefrontal cortex ndi executive, kuphatikiza kulamulira kwamphamvu komanso kuthekera kumvetsetsa bwino zotsatira za zochita zathu. Kafukufuku wosonyeza dongosolo lopsinjika lomwe silikugwira ntchito bwino mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula / okonda chiwerewere: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5.

Kodi izi ndi zokhazo zomwe ubongo umasintha? Ayi. Chizindikiro chilichonse chodziwikiratu chikuwonetsa kusintha kwa maselo ndi mankhwala komwe kumakhudzana ndi chizolowezi - monga momwe kusanthula kwa chotupa cha khansa sikungasonyeze kusintha kwa maselo/mankhwala komwe kumakhudzana nako. Kusintha kwakukulu sikungayesedwe m'machitidwe a anthu chifukwa cha kulowerera kwa ukadaulo wofunikira. Komabe, kwapezeka m'machitidwe a nyama. Onani ndemanga iyi yofotokoza kusintha kwa ubongo m'zoledzeretsa za mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi khalidwe: Mphoto Zachilengedwe, Neuroplasticity, ndi Zoledzeretsa Zosagwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala (2011)

Kusangalala kufunafuna kumabweretsa chisangalalo chochepa (deensitization)

Monga kulimbikitsidwa ndi zolakalaka zimakukakamizani kuti mugwiritse ntchito zolaula, kukokomeza kopitilira mphotho kumabweretsa kupanduka komweko. Maselo a mitsempha omwe amadzazidwa ndi dopamine akuti "ndikwanira." Ngati wina apitiliza kufuula, mumatseka makutu anu. Maselo otumiza dopamine akamatulutsa dopamine, ma cell amitsempha olandila amatseka "makutu" awo mwa kuchepetsa dopamine (D2) receptors. Kuti zinthu zikhale zoipiraipira, amalandila a D2 amathandiza kuti mabelekewa asamwedwe, kotero kutaya kwawo kumatanthauza zilakolako n'zovuta kukana. Kufuna kusokonezeka kumaphatikizanso kuchepa kwa dopamine ndi opioids. Pomaliza, a Kufufuza kwa ubongo wa 2014 pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula anapeza kuti kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kwakukulu kunayanjanitsidwa ndi kufunika kwambiri kwachisomo (kutaya mphoto yozungulira mutu wachisoni, kugonana kochepa kwambiri).

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa:

kudzimana → zolakalaka → kuyankha kosasangalatsa → kulakalaka → kudya kwambiri kumakulirakulira → kuchepa kwa dopamine, opioid ndi zolandilira → kukhumudwitsanso ena…

Ndipo posakhalitsa mwayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, chifukwa palibe china chilichonse chomwe chingasangalatse ubongo wanu. Malinga ndi momwe majini amuonera, ndiye kuti adapangidwa mwanzeru kwambiri — kuti mukhalebe ndi feteleza mwachangu — mwayi wamtengo wapatali wokwatiranawo usanathe.

Kukakamiza kutsutsana ndi kukopa mtima

Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chilakolako kumakupangitsani kuti musasangalale ndi zosangalatsa za tsiku ndi tsiku, pomwe kukulitsa mphamvu ya chilakolako kumapangitsa ubongo wanu kuti uchitepo kanthu kwambiri pa chilichonse chokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chanu cha zolaula. Pakapita nthawi, njira iyi yokhala ndi mbali ziwiri imatha kupangitsa kuti mayendedwe anu a mphotho azimveka pang'ono mukamagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, koma osasangalala kwambiri akamawonetsedwa ndi zenizeni. Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chilakolako si "kuwonongeka." Maselo anu amitsempha amatha kumanganso dopamine kapena opioid receptors yotayika mwachangu. M'malo mwake, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chilakolako kumatanthauza njira yoipa yobwezera malingaliro mu overdrive (mwina imasungidwa ndi kusintha kwa epigenetic).

Ngati kusinthaku kwa mitsempha iwiri kunganenedwe, kufooka kwa chidziwitso kukanakhala kudandaula kuti, " Sindingathe kupeza chikhutiro chilichonse ". Zonse ndi za kuchepa kwa dopamine. Nthawi yomweyo kufooka kwa chidziwitso kukanakhala kukukhudzani m'nthiti ndikunena kuti, " Moni bwanawe, ndapeza zomwe mukufuna ," zomwe ndi zomwe zidayambitsa kufooka kwa chidziwitso.

Yankho lachisangalalo chokhudzidwa (kutaya mtima), kuphatikizapo ubongo wozama womwe umatsogolera kulakalaka ndi mpumulo wa nthawi yayitali (kutonthozedwa), ndimene zimayambitsa zowonongeka kwambiri.

Escalation ndi rewiring

Kukhala ndi kulekerera (kuyankha mopanda chidwi) kumatanthauza kuti munthu wokonda kwambiri zolaula amafunikira "mankhwala" ake ambiri kuti apeze zotsatira zomwezo. Ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri amazindikira kuti pamene kulekerera kumakulirakulira kukugwirizana ndi zomwe amakonda kale, amasuntha m'njira zatsopano pofunafuna chilakolako champhamvu. Ambiri amafunafuna zomwe zimawadabwitsa —mwina chifukwa "zoletsedwa" ndi " zochititsa mantha ," kuphatikiza chilakolako cha kugonana, zimapereka mphamvu yayikulu muubongo ... kwakanthawi.

Chifukwa chake, si zachilendo kuyamba ntchito yanu yolaula ndi chithunzi cha mbalame yotchuka ya hottie. Ndipo miyezi ingapo pambuyo pake mumapeza kuti "mwapitirira" kukhala atsikana okhala ndi mbuzi kapena zochitika zachiwawa zogwiririra. Kumbukirani kuti kuti pamene mukuledzera imayambira ku mitundu yatsopano kapena zida zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito pofunafuna kukhutira, iye amatengeka ndi kukondera. Kugonana kwake kwakukulu sikusinthe.

Ubongo wamasamba amasintha

Pomaliza asayansi akuyamba kupeza zomwe anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula masiku ano akumana nazo. Kafukufuku wa ku Belgium wa 2016 adapeza kuti theka la amuna omwe adafunsidwa adafika pa zinthu zomwe adazipeza kale "zosasangalatsa kapena zonyansa." Ndi kusintha kotani muubongo komwe kumachititsa kufalikira kumeneku? Mu 2014, gulu la Cambridge lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito ma scans aubongo linanena kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula omwe ali ndi vuto adazolowera zithunzi mwachangu kuposa zowongolera ndipo anali kusamala kwambiri ndi zinthu zatsopano. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, sanali okonda kufunafuna zinthu zokopa kuposa zowongolera, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo zolaula kungakhale chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.

Mfundo yofunika kwambiri: zochitika zokhudzana ndi kugonana zikakula kwambiri (orgasm + video), kapena zikamabwerezedwa kwambiri, zimakhala zolimba kwambiri. Chochitika chilichonse chimalumikiza zokonda zatsopano mu ubongo. Ngati zokonda zanu zogonana zasintha, ubongo wanunso wasintha. Mpaka pano, kafukufuku wopitilira 45 wanena zomwe zapezeka mogwirizana ndi kuwonjezeka (kulekerera) kapena kuzolowera zolaula zomwe zikuchitika.

Kuwonetsa kusokoneza bongo

Ena amakhulupirirabe kuti mankhwala okha, osati machitidwe monga kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti , ndi omwe angayambitse chizolowezi. Komabe, asayansi a mitsempha omwe amaphunzira za zotsatira za chizolowezi pa ubongo amadziwa mosiyana . Akatswiri amtunduwu amatanthauzira chizolowezi m'njira zambiri. Chitsanzo chosavuta chomvetsetsa chizolowezi ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma C anayi:

Kuponderezedwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito
Yapitirira gwiritsani ntchito mosasamala kanthu za zotsatira zovuta
Kulephera Control ntchito
Kukonda - zamaganizidwe kapena zakuthupi

Anthu okonda zolaula nthawi zambiri amalengeza kuti kusowa kwa maphunziro azolaula pazoyambira ndi kulekerera (kufunika kokondwerera kuti mumve zomwezi) kumatanthauza kuti "kukopeka ndi zolaula kulibe". M'malo mwake, kulekerera kapena zizindikiro zankhanza zochotsera mwankhanza sizofunikira kuti munthu asiye. Mwachitsanzo, ndudu za fodya ndi zokhudzana ndi cocaine zitha kutuluka. Komabe, zomwe akumana nazo pakuchotsedwako nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofatsa poyerekeza ndi zidakwa kapena zidakwa za heroin. (Zomwe mayesero onse okhudzana ndi chizolowezi amagwiritsa ntchito, 'pitilizani kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale mukukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoipa. "

Kuchotsa zizindikiro

Komabe, m'mabwalo omwe ndimawonera ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri amanena za zizindikiro zazikulu zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zomwe zimakumbutsa za kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo: kusowa tulo, nkhawa, kukwiya, kusintha kwa malingaliro, mutu, kusakhazikika, kusaganizira bwino, kutopa, kuvutika maganizo, kufooka kwa anthu komanso kutaya mwadzidzidzi chilakolako cha kugonana chomwe anyamata amachitcha 'flatline' (chomwe chikuwoneka kuti ndi chosiyana ndi kusiya zolaula). Yesani mafunso awa kuti muwone ngati njira yoledzera ikugwira ntchito muubongo mwanu.

Pomaliza, sizinali mpaka mu 2017 pomwe magulu anayi ofufuza adafunsa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti mwachindunji za zizindikiro za kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito. Zizindikiro zonse za kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mwa "ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ovuta": 1 , 2 , 3. 4.

Komanso, mayunivesite a Swansea ndi Milan adanenanso kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, ambiri mwa iwo omwe anali kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kapena kutchova juga, adakumana ndi vuto losasangalatsa akasiya kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti , monga momwe anthu amasiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Ponena za kulekerera, maphunziro anayi tsopano afunsa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula mwachindunji makamaka za kukwera kwa mitundu yatsopano kapena kulekerera, kutsimikizira zonse ziwiri ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ). Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zosalunjika, maphunziro ena 45 awonetsa zomwe zapezeka mogwirizana ndi chizolowezi cha "zolaula zachizolowezi" kapena kukwera kwa mitundu yoopsa komanso yachilendo. Zizindikiro zonse za kulekerera.

The American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM): 'Zizolowezi zakugonana zilipo!'

Akatswiri enieni a chizolowezi choledzera, American Society for Addiction Medicine, akugogomezera lingaliro losavuta ili lochokera pa kafukufuku wa zaka makumi ambiri: Kuwonetsa zizindikiro, zizindikiro, ndi machitidwe okhudzana ndi chizolowezi kumasonyeza kuti kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumayambira kwachitika.

The American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) adakonza chikhomo chomaliza cha bokosi la zolimbana ndi zolaula mu August, 2011, miyezi khumi kuchokera pamene YBOP inkayenda pa intaneti. Amishonale a ku America omwe ali oledzeretsa ku ASAM adawamasula kufotokoza kwatsopano kwowonongeka. Tanthauzo latsopano amatsindika mfundo zazikulu yopangidwa pa webusaitiyi. Zovuta kwambiri, zizolowezi zamakhalidwe zimakhudza ubongo m'njira zofanana ndi zomwe mankhwala amachitira. Mwanjira ina, Kuledzera ndi matenda amodzi (osati chikhalidwe), osati ambiri.

Kugonana ndi zolaula

Pazifukwa zonse zothandiza, tanthauzo latsopanoli limathetsa mkangano wokhudza ngati kugonana ndi zizolowezi zolaula ndi " zoledzeretsa zenizeni ." ASAM imanena momveka bwino kuti zizolowezi zogonana zilipo ndipo ziyenera kuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha komweko kwa ubongo komwe kumapezeka mu zizolowezi zoledzeretsa. Kuchokera ku Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri a ASAM:

FUNSO: Kutanthauzira kwatsopano kumeneku kumatanthauza kuledzera kumatchova, chakudya, ndi chiwerewere. Kodi ASAM amakhulupiriradi kuti chakudya ndi kugonana ndizovuta?

YANKHO: Tanthauzo latsopano la ASAM likusintha kuchoka pa kuyerekeza chizolowezi ndi kudalira mankhwala osokoneza bongo, pofotokoza momwe chizolowezi chimagwirizanirananso ndi makhalidwe omwe amapindulitsa. … Tanthauzo ili limati chizolowezi ndi chokhudza kugwira ntchito ndi kayendedwe ka ubongo ndi momwe kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya ubongo wa anthu omwe ali ndi chizolowezi zimasiyanirana ndi kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya ubongo wa anthu omwe alibe chizolowezi. … Chakudya ndi machitidwe ogonana ndi machitidwe a juga zitha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi 'kufunafuna mphotho' komwe kwafotokozedwa mu tanthauzo latsopanoli la chizolowezi.

Koma 'zolaula' sizili mu APA's DSM5, sichoncho?

Bungwe la American Psychiatric Association (APA) mpaka pano lakhala likuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zosokoneza bongo/zokakamiza m'buku lake lofufuzira matenda. Pamene linasintha bukuli komaliza mu 2013 ( DSM-5) , silinaganizire mwalamulo za "chizolowezi cha zolaula pa intaneti". M'malo mwake linasankha kukambirana za "vuto la kugonana mopitirira muyeso." Mawu omaliza a khalidwe lovuta la kugonana adalimbikitsidwa kuti alowetsedwe ndi Gulu la DSM-5 la Sexuality Work Group pambuyo pa zaka zambiri zowunikira. Komabe, mu gawo la "nyenyezi chamber" la ola la khumi ndi limodzi (malinga ndi membala wa Gulu la Ntchito), akuluakulu ena a DSM-5 adakana kugonana mopitirira muyeso, ponena zifukwa zomwe zafotokozedwa kuti sizomveka.

Pofika paudindo umenewu, DSM-5 inanyalanyaza umboni wovomerezeka, malipoti ofala a zizindikiro, zizindikiro ndi machitidwe ogwirizana ndi kukakamizidwa ndi kuledzera kuchokera kwa odwala ndi madokotala awo, komanso malangizo ovomerezeka ochokera kwa akatswiri azachipatala ndi ofufuza ambiri ku American Society of Addiction Medicine.

Momwemonso, DSM yapeza otsutsa osiyana omwe amatsutsa njira yake yonyalanyaza ziphunzitso zenizeni ndi zachipatala kuti zitha kuwonetsa zizindikiro zake zokha. Otsatirawa amalola zolakwika, zosankha zandale zomwe zimatsutsa zoona. Mwachitsanzo, DSM kamodzi mwachindunji inasankha kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha monga matenda a maganizo.

Kafukufuku wa NIMH

DSM-5 isanatulutsidwe mu 2013, Thomas Insel, yemwe panthawiyo anali Mtsogoleri wa National Institute of Mental Health, anachenjeza kuti nthawi yakwana yoti gawo la thanzi la maganizo lisiye kudalira DSM . " Kufooka kwake ndi kusowa kwake kovomerezeka ," anafotokoza. Insel anatinso " sitingapambane ngati tigwiritsa ntchito magulu a DSM ngati "muyezo wagolide. " Anawonjezera kuti, " Ndicho chifukwa chake NIMH idzasintha kafukufuku wake kuchoka ku magulu a DSM ". Mwanjira ina, NIMH idzasiya kupereka ndalama zofufuzira kutengera zilembo za DSM (ndi kusakhalapo kwawo).

Kuyambira pomwe DSM-5 idasindikizidwa, maphunziro ambiri okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti molakwika komanso kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti molakwika , komanso maphunziro ambiri okhudza ubongo okhudza ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula atuluka. Akupitilizabe kusokoneza udindo wa DSM-5. Mwa njira, gulu latsopano la chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito intaneti likupezeka mu DSM-5 yatsopano , yokhala ndi "vuto la masewera a pa intaneti" lomwe lakonzedwa kuti liphatikizidwe.

Mwa njira, ngakhale atolankhani akuyang'ana kwambiri malingaliro a DSM-5, akatswiri omwe amagwira ntchito ndi omwe ali ndi vuto la kugonana apitilizabe kuzindikira mavuto otere. Amagwiritsa ntchito njira ina yodziwira matenda mu DSM-5. Ena amagwiritsanso ntchito ina kuchokera ku ICD-10 yomwe ilipo. Iyi ndi buku lothandizira matenda lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases . Monga tafotokozera mu nkhani ya 2016 ya Dr. Richard Krueger:

Kufufuza komwe kungatanthawuze ku chiwerewere chophatikizidwa ku DSM ndi ICD kwa zaka zambiri ndipo tsopano zikhoza kupezedwa movomerezeka ku United States pogwiritsira ntchito DSM-5 ndi chiwerengero chatsopano cha ICD-10 chojambulira. Matenda osokoneza bongo amayamba kuganiziridwa ndi ICD-11.

Krueger ndi pulofesa wothandizira odwala matenda amisala ku koleji ya Columbia University ya asing'anga ndi madokotala othandizira opaleshoni. Anathandizanso kukonzanso gawo lachiwerewere la DSM-5.

WHO

Koma nkhani yaikulu ndi yakuti mu 2018 bungwe la World Health Organization linakonza chenjezo lopitirira muyeso la APA. Kope lotsatira la buku lothandizira kwambiri pa matenda azachipatala padziko lonse lapansi, The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), lili ndi matenda atsopano oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula: "Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder ."

Kafukufuku wamatsenga amatsimikizira zomwe tidadziwa kale

anthu omwe amalengeza "sayansi yabodza”Titatchula za zolaula za pa intaneti kapena zovuta zogonana zomwe zimayambitsa zolaula mwina ali ndi ndale kapena sakudziwa zaposachedwa kukula kwa chizolowezi cha neuroscience. Nayi nkhani yabwino kwambiri yowunikidwa ndi anzawo pomwe chizolowezi cha neuroscience chimakhudzana ndi chizolowezi cholaula: Kugonana kwa zolaula - chotsitsimutsa cha supranormal chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a ubongo (2013). Kafukufuku wambiri wamaubongo ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula adasindikizidwa kuyambira pomwe nkhani iyi "yamba apa" idatulukira koyamba mu Januware, 2011. Amapereka chithandizo ku mtundu wa zolaula:

Mapepala a 2015

Mapepala a 2016

Mapepala a 2017

Mapepala a 2018

Mapepala a 2019

Mapepala a 2020

Mapepala a 2021

Zoyipa zazing'ono zazing'ono komanso zoyeserera zakugonana - Kafukufuku Woyeserera Woyeserera

Mapepala a 2022

Ma Neural and Behavioral correlates of Sexual Stimus kuyembekezera kutengera njira zosokoneza bongo muzovuta zamakhalidwe ogonana (2022)

Kuthandiza kwa ma hypotheses a YBOP

Maphunziro apamwambawa amapereka chithandizo champhamvu kwambiri pa zifukwa zomwe YBOP inalemba mu 2011. Zomwe apeza zikuphatikizapo:

Ubongo waukulu wa 3 woledzera umasintha: kulimbikitsa, deensitizationndipo chinyengo.
Zithunzi zolaula zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zosauka mu deraal striatum).
Kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kokulumikizana ndi kulandira mphotho yochepa pakulowera mukamawona zithunzi zachiwerewere.
Zithunzi zolaula zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusokoneza maukwati a neural pakati pa mphotho ya mphoto ndi makina operekera.
Addicts anali ndi ntchito yoyenera kugonana, koma zochepetsetsa ubongo kuti zikhale zovuta (zimayenderana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo).
Kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zolaula kumayesetseratu kuchepetsa kuchepetsa (kusatheka kuchepetsa kukondweretsa). Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha ntchito yogwira ntchito yosauka.
60% ya okakamiza olaula zolaula pakafukufuku kamodzi adakumana ndi ED kapena libido yotsika ndi anzawo, koma osati ndi zolaula. Onse adanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kunayambitsa ED / low libido yawo.
Kupititsa patsogolo chisokonezo yofanana ndi ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Amasonyeza kutengeka (mankhwala a DeltaFosb).
Kufuna kwambiri & kulakalaka zolaula, koma osakukondani kwambiri. Izi zikugwirizana ndi mtundu wovomerezeka wa chizolowezi - kulimbikitsana.
Zizoloŵezi zoipa zimakonda kwambiri zachiwerewere koma ubongo wawo umakhala mofulumira kwa zithunzi zachiwerewere. Osatipo kale.
Achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula amachitanso chidwi kwambiri ndi zomwe zimachitika m'zipatala.
EEG yapamwamba (P300) imawerengedwa pamene ogwiritsira ntchito zolaula amadziwika ndi zolaula (zomwe zimachitika mu zovuta zina).
Zopanda zofuna kugonana ndi munthu amene akugwirizana ndi chidziwitso chochuluka-kukwaniritsa zolaula.
Zithunzi zolaula zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi maulamuliro apansi a LPP pakuwona mwachidule zithunzi za kugonana: zikuwonetsa chizoloŵezi kapena chilakolako chofuna kugonana.
Dysfunctional HPA axis komanso masinthidwe osinthika a ubongo, omwe amapezeka pazowonjezera zamankhwala. Zomwezi zimagwiranso ntchito ku voliyumu yayikulu ya amygdala, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi kupsinjika kwakanthawi pagulu).
Kusintha kwa Epigenetic pazomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamapanikizidwe komanso kuwonongeke kwambiri.
Maseŵera apamwamba a Matenda a Necrosis Factor (TNF) - omwe amapezeranso mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso oledzeretsa.
Chosowa mu nkhani yamtundu wakuda; kuyanjana kosasokonezeka pakati pa mgwirizano wa nthawi ndi zigawo zina zambiri.
Kukhudzika kwakukulu kwa boma.
Yachepetsedwa preortalal cortex ndi anterior cingulate grey nkhani ya imvi poyerekeza ndi yoyendetsa bwino.
Kuchepetsa kwa zinthu zoyera poyerekeza ndi kuwongolera koyenera.

Pepala lowunikidwa ndi anzawo la 2016 lolembedwa ndi Gary Wilson: Kuchotsa Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti Zosatha Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kuulula Zotsatira Zake (2016)

Kufotokozera mwachidule chikhalidwe cha matendawa:

Pazifukwa zandale , kafukufuku wa ubongo wolekanitsa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la zolaula pa intaneti ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la zolaula pa intaneti akhala akuchedwa kufika. Kuwonjezera pa maphunziro a ubongo omwe ali pamwambapa pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula, maphunziro a ubongo oposa 380 pa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la zolaula pa intaneti afalitsidwa, ndipo onse anena za kusintha kwakukulu kwa ubongo komwe kumawonedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mankhwala osokoneza bongo . Maphunzirowa sanawone kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe adafufuza omwe adagwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti. Komabe, sikungakhale koyenera kunena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti sikungasinthe ubongo, pomwe zakudya zopanda pake, masewera apakanema, kutchova juga, ndi " intaneti " zatsimikiziridwa kale kuti zimachita zimenezo.

Ngakhale kuti zikuchedwa kufika, kafukufuku aliyense wozikidwa pa sayansi ya ubongo wofalitsidwa (kapena m'manyuzipepala) pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kapena "okonda kugonana" amachirikiza mfundo yakuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kungayambitse kusintha kwa ubongo chifukwa cha chizolowezi. Ndemanga zaposachedwa zochokera ku sayansi ya ubongo za mabukuwa:

Kulimbana ndi Kugonana monga Matenda: Umboni Wowunika, Kuzindikira, ndi Kuyankha kwa Otsutsa (2015)

Izi zimapereka chida chomwe chimatsutsa mwatsatanetsatane ndikupereka mawu omwe amatsutsana nawo.

Katswiri wa sayansi ya zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti: Kukonzanso ndi Kuonjezera (2015)

Izi zikuwunikiranso bwino zaukadaulo wokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, makamaka pa zolaula za pa intaneti, onani - Kuwunikiranso kumatsutsanso maphunziro awiri aposachedwa a EEG omwe amatanthauza kuti "adasokoneza" zolaula.

Kugonana kwa pa Intaneti (2015)

Zidule: M'nkhani zaposachedwa, chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti chimaonedwa ngati mtundu winawake wa chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti. Kafukufuku wina waposachedwapa adafufuza kufanana pakati pa chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti ndi chizolowezi china cha khalidwe, monga Internet Gaming Disorder. Kuzindikira-kuchira ndi chilakolako zimaonedwa kuti zimagwira ntchito yayikulu mu chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti. Kafukufuku wa neuralimaging amathandizira kuganiza kuti pali kufanana pakati pa chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti ndi chizolowezi china cha khalidwe komanso kudalira mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Nthenda ya Neurobiology ya Kugonana Kwachinyengo: Sayansi Yoyambira (2016)

Chidule: " Popeza pali kufanana pakati pa CSB ndi zizolowezi za mankhwala osokoneza bongo, njira zothandizira zoledzeretsa zingakhale ndi lonjezo la CSB, motero kupereka chidziwitso cha malangizo ofufuza amtsogolo kuti afufuze izi mwachindunji ."

Kodi khalidwe lachiwerewere liyenera kuonedwa kuti ndiledwe? (2016)

Chidule: " Pali zinthu zofananira pakati pa CSB ndi matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Machitidwe ofala a neurotransmitter angathandize ku CSB ndi matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo kafukufuku waposachedwa wa neuroimaging akuwonetsa kufanana kokhudzana ndi chilakolako ndi tsankho la chidwi. Mankhwala ofanana a mankhwala ndi amisala angagwiritsidwe ntchito ku CSB ndi chizolowezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo"

Mchitidwe Wogonana Wokakamiza Monga Mchitidwe Wosokoneza Bongo: Zotsatira za intaneti ndi Zina Zina (2016)

Zowonjezera: " Kufunika kwakukulu pa makhalidwe a intaneti chifukwa izi zingathandize kuti munthu akhale ndi vuto la kugonana. " ndi " Umboni wa zachipatala wochokera kwa omwe amathandiza ndi kuchiza anthu otere uyenera kuvomerezedwa kwambiri ndi gulu la amisala ."

Mavuto Okhudza Kusayirira Maganizo (2016)

Chidule: “ Ponseponse, umboni ukuwoneka kuti ukutanthauza kuti kusintha kwa frontal lobe, amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, septum, ndi madera a ubongo omwe amakonza mphotho kumachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuwonekera kwa hypersexuality. Maphunziro a majini ndi njira zochizira matenda a neuropharmacological zimasonyeza kuti dopaminergic system imagwira ntchito.”

Kugonana kwa pa Intaneti (2015)

Zochepa: "M'nkhani zaposachedwa, chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti chimaonedwa ngati mtundu winawake wa chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti. Kafukufuku wina waposachedwapa adafufuza kufanana pakati pa chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti ndi chizolowezi china cha khalidwe, monga Internet Gaming Disorder. Kuzindikira-kuchira ndi chilakolako zimaonedwa kuti zimagwira ntchito yayikulu mu chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti. Kafukufuku wa neuralimaging amathandizira kuganiza kuti pali kufanana pakati pa chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti ndi chizolowezi china cha khalidwe komanso kudalira mankhwala osokoneza bongo."

Kufufuzira momveka bwino m'madzi a matope: Zotsatira zamtsogolo zotsatsa khalidwe lachiwerewere ngati choledzeretsa (2016)

Zochepa: Posachedwapa taganizira umboni wogawa khalidwe logonana mokakamiza (CSB) ngati chizolowezi chosakhala cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo (makhalidwe). Ndemanga yathu yapeza kuti CSB imagawana zofanana zachipatala, zamaganizo ndi zamaganizo ndi matenda ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ngakhale kuti bungwe la American Psychiatric Association linakana matenda a hypersexual ochokera ku DSM-5, matenda a CSB (excessive sex drive) angapangidwe pogwiritsa ntchito ICD-10. CSB ikuganiziridwanso ndi ICD-11.

Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti Zimayambitsa Mavuto Ogonana? Kubwereza ndi Zipatala zapadera (2016)

Ndemanga yayikulu pamabuku okhudzana ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi kugonana. Pokhudzana ndi madokotala a US Navy, kuwunikirako kumapereka chidziwitso chaposachedwa kwambiri chomwe chikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu pamavuto aubwana. Imawunikiranso kafukufuku wamitsempha wokhudzana ndi vuto lokonda zolaula komanso zolaula kudzera pa intaneti. Madotolo amapereka malipoti atatu azachipatala a abambo omwe adayamba kuchita zachiwerewere.

Kuphatikiza mfundo za maganizo ndi zokhudzana ndi ubongo zokhudzana ndi chitukuko ndi kukonzanso mavuto ena ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti: Kuyanjanitsa kwa Munthu-Kuzindikira-Kutengera chitsanzo (2016)

Kuwunikanso njira zomwe zimayambitsa kukonza ndi kukonza zovuta zina zogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, kuphatikiza "Internet-zolaula-kuwona zovuta". Olembawo akuwonetsa kuti zolaula (komanso chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti) zimawerengedwa kuti ndizovuta zogwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndikuyika zizolowezi zina pazovuta zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga zizolowezi zosokoneza bongo.

Kugonana kwachiwerewere chaputala kuchokera ku Neurobiology of Addictions, Oxford Press (2016)

Chidule: Timayang'ananso maziko a ubongo a chizolowezi, kuphatikizapo chizolowezi chachilengedwe kapena chizolowezi cha process, kenako tikukambirana momwe izi zikugwirizanirana ndi kumvetsetsa kwathu kwamakono kwa kugonana ngati mphotho yachilengedwe yomwe ingakhale "yosalamulirika" m'moyo wa munthu.

Katswiri wa Sayansi Akuyandikira Kuonera Zolaula pa Intaneti (2017)

Chidule: M'zaka makumi awiri zapitazi, maphunziro angapo pogwiritsa ntchito njira za sayansi ya ubongo, makamaka functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), adachitika kuti afufuze ma neural correlates a kuonera zolaula pansi pa zochitika zoyesera komanso ma neural correlates a kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso. Popeza zotsatira zake zinalipo kale, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso kumatha kulumikizidwa ndi njira zodziwika kale za neurobiological zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kodi kugonana koopsa kwambiri ndi matenda osokoneza bongo? (2017)

Zochepa: Kafukufuku wokhudza ubongo wa matenda osokoneza bongo okhudzana ndi kugonana kwa anthu ambiri wapeza zotsatira zokhudzana ndi tsankho la chidwi, mphamvu ya kulimbikitsira anthu kukhala ndi chilakolako chogonana, komanso momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito zomwe zimasonyeza kufanana kwakukulu ndi zizolowezi . Timakhulupirira kuti kugawa matenda osokoneza bongo ngati vuto losokoneza bongo ngati vuto losokoneza bongo kumagwirizana ndi zomwe zapezeka posachedwapa ndipo kungapindulitse madokotala, ofufuza, ndi anthu omwe akuvutika ndi matendawa komanso omwe akukhudzidwa nawo.

Umboni wa Pudding Ndi Wotsekemera: Deta Ndizofunika Kuyesera Zitsanzo ndi Malingaliro Okhudzana ndi Kugonana Kwachinyengo (2018)

Zochepa: Pakati pa madera omwe angasonyeze kufanana pakati pa CSB ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndi maphunziro okhudza ubongo, ndipo maphunziro angapo aposachedwa sanatchulidwe ndi Walton et al. ( 2017 ). Maphunziro oyambirira nthawi zambiri ankafufuza CSB ponena za mitundu ya chizolowezi (yowunikidwa mu Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016b ; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016b ).

Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro, magawo, chithandizo, ndi ndondomeko za ndondomeko Ndemanga pa: Kukhumudwa kwa khalidwe la kugonana mu ICD-11 (Kraus et al., 2018)

Zochepa: Lingaliro la panopa logawa matenda a CSB ngati matenda oletsa kutengeka ndi lotsutsana chifukwa mitundu ina yaperekedwa ( Kor, Fogel, Reid, & Potenza, 2013 ). Pali deta yomwe ikusonyeza kuti CSB imagawana zinthu zambiri ndi zizolowezi ( Kraus et al., 2016 ), kuphatikizapo deta yaposachedwa yomwe ikusonyeza kuwonjezeka kwa reactivity ya madera a ubongo okhudzana ndi mphotho poyankha zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi zolimbikitsa zachiwerewere ( Brand, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016 ; Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016 ; Gola et al., 2017 ; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016 ; Voon et al., 2014.

Mchitidwe Wogonana Wosakanikirana ndi Anthu Ndiponso Zitsanzo Zogonana (2018)

Zochepa: Khalidwe logonana mokakamiza (CSB) limaonedwa kwambiri ngati "chizolowezi chochita zinthu mopitirira muyeso," ndipo ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu pa moyo wabwino komanso thanzi la thupi ndi la maganizo. Pomaliza, ndemanga iyi inafotokoza mwachidule maphunziro a khalidwe ndi zithunzi za ubongo pa CSB ya anthu komanso matenda ena okhudzana ndi matenda ena, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pamodzi, maphunzirowa akusonyeza kuti CSB imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito mu dorsal anterior cingulate ndi prefrontal cortex, amygdala, striatum, ndi thalamus, kuwonjezera pa kuchepa kwa kulumikizana pakati pa amygdala ndi prefrontal cortex.

Njira zokhudzana ndi kugonana mwachisawawa (2018)

Chidule: Mpaka pano, kafukufuku wambiri wokhudza ubongo wokhudza khalidwe logonana mokakamiza wapereka umboni wa njira zogwirizanitsa zomwe zimayambitsa khalidwe logonana mokakamiza komanso zizolowezi zosagonana. Khalidwe logonana mokakamiza limagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito m'madera a ubongo ndi maukonde omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kukhudzidwa, chizolowezi, kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro, ndi kukonza mphotho m'machitidwe monga mankhwala, kutchova juga, ndi zizolowezi zamasewera. Madera ofunikira muubongo olumikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe a CSB akuphatikizapo ma cortices akutsogolo ndi a nthawi, amygdala, ndi striatum, kuphatikiza ma nucleus accumbens.

Kumvetsetsa Kwambiri za Khalidwe Lopanda Nzeru za Kugonana Kwachidakwa ndi Zovuta Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito

Chidule: Kafukufuku waposachedwa wa ubongo wavumbulutsa kuti machitidwe okakamiza kugonana amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zinthu zogonana komanso kusiyana kwa kapangidwe ka ubongo ndi magwiridwe antchito. Ngakhale kuti maphunziro ochepa a ubongo wa CSBD achitika mpaka pano, deta yomwe ilipo ikuwonetsa kuti zovuta za ubongo zimagawana zinthu zomwe zimafanana ndi zina monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mavuto a kutchova juga. Chifukwa chake, deta yomwe ilipo ikuwonetsa kuti kugawidwa kwake kungakhale koyenera bwino ngati chizolowezi cha khalidwe m'malo mwa vuto lolamulira malingaliro.

Ventral Striatal Kuchita Zowonongeka M'zochita Zogonana Zogonana (2018)

Chidule: Pakati pa maphunziro omwe alipo pano, tinatha kupeza mabuku asanu ndi anayi (Gome 1 ) omwe adagwiritsa ntchito kujambula kwa maginito kogwira ntchito. Anayi okha mwa awa ( 36-39 ) adafufuza mwachindunji momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito komanso/kapena mphotho ndipo adapeza zomwe zapezeka zokhudzana ndi kuyambitsa kwa ventral striatum. Maphunziro atatu akuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa reactivity ya ventral striatal chifukwa cha zinthu zokopa ( 36-39 ) kapena zinthu zomwe zikuneneratu zinthu zotere ( 36-39 ). Zomwe zapezekazi zikugwirizana ndi Incentive Salience Theory (IST) ( 28 ) , imodzi mwa njira zodziwika bwino zomwe zimafotokoza momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito mu chizolowezi.

Kugonjetsa Kwachinyamata pa Intaneti: Zimene Timadziwa ndi Zimene Sitikuzidziwa-Kusanthula Kwambiri (2019)

Chidule: Monga momwe tikudziwira, kafukufuku waposachedwapa akuchirikiza izi ngati chizolowezi chokhala ndi zizindikiro zofunika zachipatala monga kusagwira ntchito molakwika pogonana komanso kusakhutira ndi kugonana. Ntchito zambiri zomwe zilipo zimachokera ku kafukufuku wofanana wochitidwa pa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kutengera lingaliro la zolaula pa intaneti ngati 'chilimbikitso chapamwamba' chofanana ndi chinthu chenicheni chomwe, kudzera mukumwa mopitirira muyeso, chingayambitse vuto la chizolowezi.

Zochitika ndi chitukuko cha kuwonetsa zolaula pa intaneti: zifukwa zomwe munthu angagwiritsidwe nazo, kulimbitsa njira ndi njira zodzikongoletsera (2019)

Chidule: Kuonera zolaula pa intaneti kwa nthawi yayitali kwapangitsa kuti anthu oterewa azidziwa zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi zolaula pa intaneti, zomwe zapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri azilakalaka kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti mokakamiza chifukwa cha zinthu ziwiri monga chiyeso ndi kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito. Kukhutira komwe kumapezeka chifukwa cha izi kukuchepa, kotero zithunzi zolaula zambiri pa intaneti zimafunika kuti munthu akhale ndi malingaliro abwino komanso kuti akhale ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula.

Malingaliro, kupewa, ndi kuchiza matenda osokoneza bongo (2019)

Chidule: Matenda okhudzana ndi khalidwe logonana mokakamiza, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta, aphatikizidwa mu ICD-11 ngati matenda oletsa kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zosafunikira. Komabe, njira zodziwira matenda a matendawa ndizofanana kwambiri ndi njira zomwe zimayambitsa matenda chifukwa cha makhalidwe osokoneza bongo… Malingaliro a chiphunzitso ndi umboni wovomerezeka akusonyeza kuti njira zamaganizo ndi zamaganizo zomwe zimakhudzana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndizovomerezekanso pa matenda okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a cybersex: kuwunikira mwachidule za chitukuko ndi chithandizo cha matenda omwe akungochitika kumene (2020)

Chidule: Kuledzera kwa pa intaneti ndi chizolowezi chosakhala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo chomwe chimakhudza kugonana pa intaneti. Masiku ano, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi kugonana kapena zolaula zimapezeka mosavuta kudzera pa intaneti. Ku Indonesia, kugonana nthawi zambiri kumaonedwa kuti ndi koletsedwa koma achinyamata ambiri awonetsedwa zolaula. Zingayambitse chizolowezi chokhala ndi zotsatirapo zoipa zambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, monga maubwenzi, ndalama, ndi mavuto amisala monga kuvutika maganizo kwakukulu ndi matenda a nkhawa.

Ndi Zinthu Ziti Zomwe Tiyenera Kuziwona Monga Zovuta M'gulu Lapadziko Lonse La Matenda (ICD-11) Kutchulidwa kwa "Zovuta Zina Zina Zotchulidwa Chifukwa Cha Zovuta Zowonjezera"? (2020)

Zochepa: Deta yochokera ku kafukufuku wodzidziwitsa, khalidwe, zamagetsi, ndi zithunzi za ubongo ikuwonetsa kukhudzidwa kwa njira zamaganizo ndi ma neural correlates omwe afufuzidwa ndikukhazikitsidwa pamlingo wosiyanasiyana wa matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi matenda a juga/masewera (gawo 3). Zofanana zomwe zatchulidwa m'maphunziro am'mbuyomu zimaphatikizapo kubwerezabwereza kwa cue ndi chilakolako chomwe chimaphatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zochita m'malo okhudzana ndi mphotho, tsankho la chidwi, kupanga zisankho zolakwika, ndi (zolimbikitsa) kuwongolera zoletsa.

Chizolowezi Chokhala Ndi Zosangalatsa Zogonana Ndi Zovuta Zogwiritsa Ntchito Paintaneti: Kubwereza (2020)

Zochepa: Zomwe zapezeka zikusonyeza kuti pali zinthu zingapo za CSBD ndi POPU zomwe zimagwirizana ndi makhalidwe a chizolowezi, ndipo njira zothandizira kuthana ndi zizolowezi zamakhalidwe ndi zoledzeretsa zimafuna kuganizira mozama ndikugwiritsa ntchito pothandiza anthu omwe ali ndi CSBD ndi POPU…. Neurobiology ya POPU ndi CSBD imaphatikizapo maubwenzi angapo a neuroanatomical omwe ali ndi matenda odziwika bwino ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, njira zofanana za neuropsychological, komanso kusintha kwa mitsempha yodziwika bwino mu dopamine reward system.

Makhalidwe ogonana osakwanira: tanthauzo, zochitika zamankhwala, mbiri ya neurobiological ndi chithandizo (2020)

Zochepa: Chizolowezi cha zolaula, ngakhale kuti chimasiyana ndi chizolowezi chogonana, ndi mtundu wa chizolowezi cha khalidwe…. Kuyimitsidwa mwadzidzidzi kwa chizolowezi cha zolaula kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa mu malingaliro, chisangalalo, komanso kukhutitsidwa ndi ubale komanso kugonana…. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zolaula kumathandiza kuyambitsa mavuto amisala ndi mavuto muubwenzi…

Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chiyenera kuphatikizidwa pamiyeso yokhudzana ndi zovuta zakugonana? (2020)

Zochepa: Kugawidwa kwa CSBD ngati vuto lolamulira kutengeka maganizo kumafunikanso kuganizira. … Kafukufuku wowonjezera angathandize kukonza gulu loyenera kwambiri la CSBD monga momwe zidachitikira ndi vuto la kutchova juga, lomwe lasinthidwa kuchokera ku gulu la matenda olamulira kutengeka maganizo kupita ku zizolowezi zosakhala za mankhwala kapena za khalidwe mu DSM-5 ndi ICD-11. … kutengeka maganizo sikungathandize kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta monga momwe ena adanenera ( Bőthe et al., 2019 ).

Kupanga zisankho mu Kutchova Juga, Zovuta Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito, ndi Binge-Eating Disorder: Zofanana ndi Kusiyana (2021)

Zochepa: Kufanana pakati pa CSBD ndi zizolowezi kwafotokozedwa, ndipo kulephera kulamulira, kugwiritsa ntchito kosalekeza ngakhale zotsatirapo zoyipa, komanso zizolowezi zochita zisankho zoopsa zitha kukhala zinthu zomwe anthu ambiri amachita ( 37 ••, 40 ). Anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kulephera kulamulira maganizo komanso kupanga zisankho zolakwika [ 12 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Zofooka pakupanga zisankho ndi kuphunzira molunjika zapezeka m'mavuto osiyanasiyana.

Njira zamaganizidwe zokhudzana ndi zovuta zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito (PPU): Kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane kwamaphunziro oyesera (2021)

Zochepa: Mu pepala lamakono, tikuwunikanso ndikusonkhanitsa umboni wochokera ku maphunziro 21 omwe amafufuza njira zodziwira zomwe zimayambitsa PPU. Mwachidule, PPU ikugwirizana ndi: (a) kusasamala za zolimbikitsa kugonana, (b) kusowa kwa mphamvu zoletsa (makamaka, mavuto okhudzana ndi kuletsa kayendedwe ka thupi komanso kusintha chidwi kuchoka pa zolimbikitsa zosafunikira), (c) kusagwira bwino ntchito poyesa kukumbukira ntchito, ndi (d) zovuta popanga zisankho.

Kafukufuku wopindulitsa

Maphunziro apamwamba, ndemanga ndi ndemanga zowonjezera zimathandizidwa ndi kafukufuku wambirimbiri woledzera omwe apeza:

Kuti zizoloŵezi zonse zokhudzana ndi khalidwe ndi mankhwala zimakhala ndi ubongo womwewo umasintha ndi njira.
Kuti pamene nyama ndi anthu amasonyeza zizindikiro, makhalidwe ndi zizindikiro zauchizolowezi, kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumayambanso kulipo.
Kusintha kokhudzana ndi bongo (zochita komanso zamankhwala) zimayambitsa Kuwonjezeka kwa DeltaFosB.
Zonsezi kufufuza kwa ubongo zatha kufikira pano Kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti (zina mwa izo zikuphatikizapo kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula) zimawulula mitundu yomweyi ya kusintha kwa ubongo monga momwe zimawonera oledzera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti ndi maphunziro opanga zolaula kuwonetseredwa za zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana ndi kusintha kwa ubongo.
Pali chithandizo chokwanira chovomerezeka kuti azindikire ngati ICD-11 ali ndi matenda atsopano zoyenera zolaula ndi kugonana: "Kugonana Kwachiwerewere. "

Pomaliza, maphunziro opitilira 110 awonetsa kulumikizana pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kapena chizolowezi chogonana ndi zovuta zogonana, kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana, komanso kusakhutira ndi kugonana komanso ubale. Maphunziro opitilira 60 omwe amafotokoza zomwe zapezeka zikugwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula (kulekerera), kuzolowera zolaula, komanso zizindikiro zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula (zizindikiro zonse zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi). Ndipo maphunziro opitilira 90 amagwirizanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi thanzi losauka la maganizo ndi malingaliro komanso zotsatira zoyipa zamaganizo.

Nanga bwanji za maphunziro omwe amanamizira zolaula? ("nkhondo zolaula")

Palibe, kuphatikizapo iyi "kalata yopita kwa mkonzi”M'magazini yophunzitsa. Mwinamwake mwawerengapo nkhani zofotokoza maphunziro omwe amati amabodza zolaula. Yang'anirani pamutuwu ndipo ndikukutsimikizirani kuti mupeza imodzi mwa mapepala atatuwa, ndi ma PhD awiri omwe amayendetsedwa ndi zolinga:

Nicole Prause ndiye wolemba wamkulu pa maphunziro 1 ndi 2, ndipo ndiye wolemba wachiwiri pa pepala #3. Mosiyana ndi zomwe olemba amanena, maphunziro oyamba ndi achiwiri amapereka chithandizo ku chitsanzo cha chizolowezi cha zolaula. Tsamba lino lili ndi kusanthula kwa YBOP pamodzi ndi ndemanga zisanu ndi chimodzi zowunikidwa ndi anzawo za phunziro #1. Tsamba lino lili ndi kusanthula kwa YBOP pamodzi ndi kusanthula kwachisanu ndi chiwiri kowunikidwa ndi anzawo kwa phunziro #2. Kusanthula konse kowunikidwa ndi anzawo kukugwirizana ndi ndemanga za YBOP. Mu chiwonetserochi cha 2018 Gary Wilson akuwonetsa chowonadi cha maphunziro 5 okayikitsa komanso osokeretsa. Anaphatikizapo maphunziro awiri a Nicole Prause EEG ( Steele et al. , 2013 ndi Prause et al. , 2015): Kafukufuku wa Zolaula: Zoona Kapena Zongopeka?

Chithunzi cha Nicole

Kodi chikuchitika ndi chiyani apa? Nicole Prause ndi katswiri wakale wa maphunziro yemwe wakhala akuvutitsa olemba, ofufuza, akatswiri azachipatala, atolankhani ndi ena omwe amayesa kunena umboni wa zoopsa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti. Akuwoneka kuti ali bwino kwambiri ndi makampani opanga zolaula , monga momwe tikuonera pachithunzichi cha iye (kumanja) pa kapeti wofiira wa mwambo wopereka mphoto wa X-Rated Critics Organisation (XRCO) . (Malinga ndi Wikipedia, " Mphoto za XRCO zimaperekedwa ndi bungwe la American X-Rated Critics Organisation chaka chilichonse kwa anthu ogwira ntchito zosangalatsa za akuluakulu ndipo ndi chiwonetsero chokhacho cha mphoto za akuluakulu chomwe chimaperekedwa kwa mamembala amakampani okha. ^[1] ").

Zikuonekanso kuti Prause mwina adapeza anthu ochita zolaula ngati anthu kudzera mu gulu lina lochita nawo malonda a zolaula, Free Speech Coalition (kuti mudziwe zambiri onani: Kodi Nicole Prause Amakhudzidwa ndi Makampani Ogwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula? ). Anthu omwe adapezeka ndi FSC akuti adagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kafukufuku wake wolembedwa mfuti pa ndondomeko yodetsedwa kwambiri komanso yogulitsa kwambiri ya "Orgasmic Meditation" (yomwe tsopano ikufufuzidwa ndi FBI ).

Nicole Prause, mwa kuvomereza kwake, akukana mwamphamvu lingaliro la chizolowezi chogonana. Mwachitsanzo, mawu ochokera m'nkhani ya Martin Daubney yokhudza chizolowezi chogonana/zolaula:

Dr Nicole Prause, wofufuza wamkulu ku Sexual Psychophysiology and Affective Neuroscience (Span) Laboratory ku Los Angeles, amadzitcha " wotsutsa " chizolowezi chogonana.

Nicole Prause pa Twitter

Kuphatikiza apo, mawu akale a Nicole Prause pa Twitter akuwonetsa kuti alibe tsankho lofunikira pa kafukufuku wa sayansi:

"Kuphunzira chifukwa chake anthu amasankha kuchita zachiwerewere popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo "

Mu Okutobala, 2015 akaunti yoyambirira ya Twitter ya Prause idayimitsidwa kwamuyaya chifukwa chomuzunza . Zimenezo sizinamulepheretse. Pofuna kuthandizira makampani opanga zolaula , Prause adapanga mawebusayiti osachepera awiri okhala ndi maakaunti a twitter: (1) 2016 - PornHelps," yomwe inali ndi akaunti yake ya Twitter (@pornhelps), (2) 2019 - RealYBOP Twitter ndi tsamba la RealYBOP.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti Nicole Prause adapereka (mwa chindapusa) umboni wake "waluso" wotsutsana ndi "chiwerewere".

Zikuwoneka kuti Prause akugulitsa ntchito zake kuti apindule ndi ankadzinenera zotsutsana ndi zolaula zogwirizana ndi maphunziro ake awiri a EEG (1, 2,, ngakhale zitakhala kuti zidawunikidwa zingapoSteele et al., 2013: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Prause et al., 2015: 1, 2, 3, 4. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) ..

Nicole Prause ndi David Ley agwirira ntchito

Ponena za pepala lachitatu ( Ley et al. , 2014 ) si kafukufuku. M'malo mwake, limanena kuti ndi "kuwunikanso mabuku" okhudza chizolowezi cha zolaula ndi zotsatira za zolaula. Palibe chomwe chingakhale chosiyana ndi chowonadi. Wolemba wamkulu, David Ley, ndiye wolemba buku lakuti The Myth of Sex Addiction. Nicole Prause ndiye wolemba wachiwiri. Ley & Prause sanangogwirizana kuti alembe pepala #3, komanso adagwirizana kuti alembe positi ya blog ya Psychology Today yokhudza pepala #1. Positi ya blogyi idawonekera miyezi 5 pepala la Prause lisanasindikizidwe mwalamulo (kotero palibe amene akanatha kutsutsa). Mwina mwawonapo positi ya blog ya Ley yokhala ndi mutu wokopa kwambiri: " Ubongo Wanu pa Zolaula - SI Woledzera ." Werengani zambiri za Ley ndi Prause ndi mgwirizano wawo pano.

Izi ndi kusanthula kwakutali kwambiri kwa pepala #3, komwe kumapita mzere ndi mzere, kuwonetsa zinthu zonse zomwe Ley & Prause adaphatikiza mu "ndemanga" yawo: The Emperor Has No Clothes: A Fractured Fairytale Posing As A Review. Zimathetsa kwathunthu zomwe zimatchedwa ndemanga, ndipo zimalemba zolakwika zambirimbiri za kafukufuku yemwe adatchula. Mbali yodabwitsa kwambiri ya ndemanga ya Ley ndikuti idachotsa kafukufuku aliyense yemwe adanenanso za zotsatira zoyipa zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kapena adapeza chizolowezi chogonana! Inde, mwawerenga bwino zimenezo.

Ngakhale kuti ankanena kuti alemba ndemanga "yolinga", akatswiri awiriwa a zachiwerewere adavomereza kuti sanapeze maphunziro ambiri. Anawasiya chifukwa chakuti awa anali maphunziro okhudza ubale. Mukuganiza chiyani? Pafupifupi maphunziro onse okhudza zolaula ndi okhudzana. Pali, ndipo pafupifupi adzakhala, maphunziro okhudza ubale. Ofufuza alibe njira yopezera "anamwali olaula" kapena kuletsa anthu kuti asaone zolaula kwa nthawi yayitali kuti ayerekeze zotsatira zake. Komabe, anyamata ambirimbiri akusiya zolaula mwaufulu m'mabwalo osiyanasiyana. Zotsatira zawo zikusonyeza kuti kuchotsa zolaula pa intaneti ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa zizindikiro zawo ndi kuchira kwawo.

Mikangano yambiri ya chidwi (kuphatikiza mgwirizano ndi xHamster)

David Ley amakana chizolowezi chogonana komanso zolaula. Walemba zolemba pafupifupi 30 pa blog zomwe zikutsutsa ma forum obwezeretsa zolaula, komanso kutsutsa chizolowezi chogonana komanso ED yoyambitsidwa ndi zolaula. Pamkangano wowonekera bwino wazachuma, David Ley akulipidwa ndi kampani yayikulu yamalonda a zolaula ya X-hamster kuti akweze mawebusayiti awo ndikutsimikizira ogwiritsa ntchito kuti chizolowezi chogonana ndi chizolowezi chogonana ndi nthano! Makamaka, David Ley ndi Sexual Health Alliance (SHA) yomwe yangopangidwa kumene agwirizana ndi tsamba la X-Hamster (Strip-Chat). Onani "Stripchat ikugwirizana ndi Sexual Health Alliance kuti igwire ubongo wanu wodetsa nkhawa womwe umayang'ana kwambiri zolaula ":

Mlangizi wololera zolaula

Bungwe lolangiza la Sexual Health Alliance (SHA) lomwe langoyamba kumene limaphatikizapo David Ley ndi "akatswiri" ena awiri a RealYourBrainOnPorn.com (Justin Lehmiller ndi Chris Donahue). RealYBOP ndi gulu la "akatswiri" odzitcha okha omwe amachirikiza zolaula , omwe amatsogozedwa ndi Nicole Prause . Gululi pakadali pano likuchita zinthu zosaloledwa zophwanya malamulo a malonda ndi kugwirira anthu m'nyumba zawo zomwe zikuyang'ana ku YBOP yovomerezeka. Mwachidule, omwe akuyesera kuletsa YBOP akulipidwanso ndi makampani opanga zolaula kuti akweze mabizinesi awo, ndikutsimikizira ogwiritsa ntchito kuti mawebusayiti a zolaula ndi makamera sayambitsa mavuto (dziwani: Nicole Prause ali ndi ubale wapagulu ndi makampani opanga zolaula monga momwe zalembedwera patsamba lino ).

Munkhaniyi , Ley akutsutsa kutsatsa kwake kolipira makampani opanga zolaula :

N’zoona kuti akatswiri azaumoyo wogonana omwe amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi malo ochezera a pa Intaneti amakumana ndi mavuto ena, makamaka kwa iwo omwe akufuna kudzionetsa ngati osakondera. “Ndimayembekezera kuti [olimbikitsa zolaula] onse azifuula kuti, ‘O, taonani, onani, David Ley akugwira ntchito yokhudza zolaula,’” akutero Ley, yemwe dzina lake limatchulidwa kawirikawiri m’madera oletsa kugonana monga NoFap.

Koma ngakhale ntchito yake ndi Stripchat mosakayikira imamupatsa chakudya kwa wina aliyense wofunitsitsa kuti amulembe ngati wakondera kapena mthumba la malo oonera zolaula, a Ley, malonda amenewo ndi oyenera. "Ngati tikufuna kuthandiza [oonera zolaula], tiyenera kupita kwa iwo," akutero. "Umu ndi momwe timachitira izi."

Kodi wasankha? Ley akutikumbutsa za madokotala otchuka a fodya , ndi Sexual health Alliance, Tobacco Institute.

Zolipidwa kuzolowera zolaula komanso zolaula

Kuphatikiza apo, David Ley akulipidwa kuti achotse zolaula ndi chizolowezi chogonana. Kumapeto kwa positi iyi ya blog ya Psychology Today, Ley akuti:

Kuulura: David Ley wapereka umboni pamilandu yokhudza milandu yomwe imakhudzana ndi zachiwerewere. "

Mu 2019 tsamba latsopano la David Ley linapereka ntchito zake zabwino zoti "zitsutse" :

David J. Ley, Ph.D., ndi woyang'anira matenda azachipatala komanso oyang'anira ovomerezeka a AASECT a kugonana, omwe amakhala ku Albuquerque, NM. Adaperekanso umboni waukadaulo ndi maumboni muzochitika zingapo kuzungulira United States. Dr. Ley amadziwika kuti ndi katswiri pazabodza zokhuza kugonana. Watsimikiziridwa ngati umboni waluso pamutuwu. Adachita umboni m'makhothi aboma komanso federal.

Lumikizanani naye kuti mupeze ndandanda yake yolipira ndi kukonza nthawi yoti mukambirane za chidwi chanu.

Pornhub ndi David Ley

Ley amapindulanso pogulitsa mabuku awiri omwe amakana kugonana ndi chizolowezi chogonana. Mabukuwa ndi “ The Myth of Sex Addiction ,” (2012) ndi “ Ethical Porn for Dicks, ” (2016). Pornhub, yomwe ili ndi kampani yayikulu ya zolaula ya MindGeek ndi imodzi mwa mabuku asanu omwe Ley adalemba mu 2016:

Chidziwitso: PornHub inali akaunti yachiwiri ya Twitter kubwereza tweet yoyamba ya RealYBOP yolengeza tsamba lake la "akatswiri", zomwe zikusonyeza kuti PornHub ndi akatswiri a RealYBOP agwirizana . Zodabwitsa!

Pomaliza, David Ley amapeza ndalama kudzera mu masemina a CEU , komwe amalimbikitsa malingaliro a anthu okana kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali m'mabuku ake awiri (omwe mosasamala amanyalanyaza maphunziro ambiri ndi kufunika kwa matenda atsopano a Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder mu buku lothandizira la World Health Organization). Ley akulipidwa chifukwa cha zokambirana zake zambiri zomwe zikuwonetsa malingaliro ake olakwika pa zolaula. Mu chiwonetserochi cha 2019, Ley akuwoneka kuti akuchirikiza ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwa achinyamata: Kupanga Kugonana Kwabwino ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula Mwanzeru mwa Achinyamata.

Zomwe zili pamwambapa ndi gawo laling'ono chabe la nkhani ya Prause ndi Ley . Zigamulo za khoti zinavumbula mokwanira kuti Nicole Prause ndiye wochita zachiwawa, osati wozunzidwayo.

Kuti mutsutse mwachangu za sayansi yabodza ya anthu otsutsa, onani kanema wa Gabe Deem: MFUNDO ZA POLATI – Chowonadi Chachikulu cha Kuledzera Ndi Mavuto Okhudzana ndi Kugonana.

Kulimbana ndi zolaula pa intaneti sikutengera kugonana

Khalidwe logonana limafuna anthu enieni; zolaula zolaula zimafuna chophimba ndi intaneti. Ambiri mwa anyamata omwe timawawona adayamba pa intaneti zolaula nthawi yayitali asadagonane. Ndi anyamata achichepere omwe anasinthanitsa kugonana kwawo kwaunyamata kuti asinthe, kusaka, voyeurism, tabo angapo, kusunthira kwa HD molimba. Izi zinali nthawi yayitali asanapsompsone koyamba. Kodi izi zikumveka ngati chizolowezi cha Tiger Woods-esque? Ayi.

Choncho, mkangano uliwonse wokhudza chizolowezi chogonana uyenera kuletsa kutchulidwa konse kwa chizolowezi chogonana. Siziyenera kukhala za momwe "khalidwe labwino la amuna" likukhudzira matenda. Kodi khalidwe labwino la kugonana linayamba liti kukhala kuyang'ana pazenera? Kodi linayamba liti kuseweretsa maliseche ndi dzanja lanu losalamulira pamene mukudina chithunzithunzi, kufunafuna "chomwe" kuti mumalize? Onerani nkhani yabwino yomwe inaperekedwa pamsonkhano wapachaka wa Society for the Advancement of Sexual Health (SASH) wa 2015: Porn Addiction SILI chizolowezi chogonana.

Kodi kuseweretsa maliseche kungawononge vutoli?

Inde, koma kudziseweretsa maliseche sikofunikira. Komabe, kutulutsa umuna pafupipafupi mwa nyama kumabweretsa kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumaletsa dopamine, motero chilakolako cha kugonana, kwa masiku angapo . Nthawi zambiri, kukhuta (kufotokozedwa mosiyana pa mtundu uliwonse) kumapangitsa amuna kutenga nthawi yopuma pa zochita zogonana. Ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula okhuta akhoza kuletsa njira zoletsa izi mwa kukulirakulira mpaka ku zolaula zoopsa kwambiri, kapena kuthera nthawi yambiri akuonera. Onse awiri a dopamine. Kupitilira zizindikiro zakuti "ndatha" kungayambitse kudzikundikira kwa DeltaFosB. Ndithudi, kudya mpaka kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa kudzikundikira kwa DeltaFosB. Komabe, popanda kukopa zolaula pa intaneti, ndi anyamata angati omwe angapumule? Koposa zonse. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onani Kodi Kutulutsa Umuna Kawirikawiri Kumayambitsa Hangover?

Dziwani: Mikangano yambiri yokhudza chizolowezi cha zolaula (kukhalapo kapena zotsatira zake) yomwe ndawona ikusanduka mikangano yokhudza maliseche . Izi sizomveka bwino ndipo zimasokoneza kwambiri zokambiranazo. YBOP imangoganizira za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti, osati zabwino, zoyipa, kapena kuchuluka kwa maliseche.

Zizindikiro zambiri, chifukwa chimodzi: Ubongo wa m'magazi umasintha

Malinga ndi 2016, oposa theka la ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula omwe amafunsidwa akuwonetsa zizindikiro zogwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Mu phunziro limodzi, (27.6%) ya chitsanzo chachikulu cholankhula Chifalansa kudziyesa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa OSA monga vuto. Mu Yale phunziro Amuna a 1298 omwe adawona zolaula m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo, 6% adalemba pamwambapa pa cutoff ya vuto lachiwerewere. Chifukwa chake, ming'alu ikuwoneka bwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula masiku ano. Komabe, anthu amabwera kuno ali ndi zizindikiro zambiri. Sali nthawi zonse otsimikiza Zizindikirozi zimachitika chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula.

Zizindikiro zake

Chisokonezo ndizomveka chifukwa Zizindikiro zakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso zimawoneka zosiyana:

Kusokonezeka Kuchuluka kwa zolaula zoopsa kwambiri
Kuvuta kumangokhala okonzeka pamene akuvala kondomu
Kuthamangitsidwa kochedwa
Kutaya chilakolako chogonana
Kupopera kopopera (akhoza kutenga zolaula, koma osagwirizana)
Kuchita maliseche, kukhutira pang'ono
Uncharacteristic, kuwonjezeranso nkhawa za anthu or kusowa chidaliro
kukula erectile kukanika, ngakhale ndi zolaula zoopsa.
Kuonera zolaula kumakonda kwambiri sizikugwirizana ndi kugonana (komanso kumayambitsa HOCD)
Amalephera kumvetsera, mopitirira malire kupuma
Kusokonezeka maganizo, nkhawa, ubongo wa ubongo

Pali chifukwa chabwino chokhulupirira kuti zizindikiro izi nthawi zambiri zimatha chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chizolowezi. Dongosolo la mphotho lili ndi mapangidwe omwe amakhudza malingaliro, malingaliro, ndi magwiridwe antchito a chidziwitso. Lilinso ndi mapangidwe oyankha kupsinjika, dongosolo lamanjenje lodziyimira pawokha, ndi dongosolo la endocrine. Mwachitsanzo, madandaulo ambiri omwe ali pamwambapa monga nkhawa ya anthu , kukhumudwa , chilimbikitso chochepa , ED , ndi mavuto oganizira , agwirizanitsidwa ndi dopamine yochepa komanso ma D2 receptors otsika kapena osinthika . Kuti mudziwe za neurobiology ya maubwino ambiri omwe ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amakumana nawo, onani Zolaula, Kuseweretsa Maliseche ndi Mojo: Maganizo a Sayansi ya Neuroscience.

"Kubwezeretsanso"

Ngati kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zonse ndiko komwe kumayambitsa zizindikiro zanu , muyenera kubwezeretsa mphamvu ya dera lanu lolandira mphotho . Muyenera kuchepetsa njira zoledzera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamavutike, ndikulimbitsa ulamuliro wa akuluakulu . Amuna omwe ali pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti amatcha njirayi " kuyambiranso ." Njira yabwino yoyambitsiranso ntchito ndikupatsa ubongo wanu mpumulo ku zolimbikitsa zonse zogonana - kuphatikizapo zolaula, kulota za zolaula , malo ochezera, nkhani zogonana, kufufuza zithunzi - mpaka zitabwerera ku momwe zimakhalira bwino.

Anthu omwe amakonda zolaula nthawi zambiri amapeza njira yobwezeretsanso thupi mosavuta komanso mwachangu akamachepetsa kwambiri kapena kuchotsa kudziseweretsa maliseche. Kupewa kudziseweretsa maliseche ndi kufika pachimake si njira ya moyo; ndi njira yakanthawi yowonjezerera kuchira ndikuchepetsa kubwereranso mu zolaula. Mwachionekere, njirayi poyamba imakhala yovuta kwambiri . Ubongo sungadalirenso "njira" yopangira dopamine (ndi mankhwala ena amitsempha) okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso.

Kuwonjezera pa kuchepetsa chilakolako cha kugonana, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumalimbitsa kulumikizana kwa mitsempha komwe kumalumikiza kupumula kwakanthawi kwa zolaula za pa intaneti ndi chilichonse chomwe ubongo wanu umagwirizanitsa ndi zolaula ( kuzindikira ). Zinthu monga kukhala nokha kunyumba, zithunzi zokopa, kapena kupsinjika maganizo ndi nkhawa, zimatha kuyambitsa chizolowezi cha zolaula muubongo wanu . Njira yokhayo yochepetsera maulalo awa osazindikira ndikusiya kugwiritsa ntchito (kulimbitsa) njira ya ubongoyo, ndikuyang'ana mankhwala anu omasuka kwina . Kuchotsa zolaula ndi malingaliro olaula kumabweretsa "kuletsa mawaya" ndikufooketsa njira zolaula komanso zolakalaka.

Kukhazikika kwa anthu enieni

Hafu ina ya njirayi imakhudzanso kucheza ndi omwe angakhale nawo pachibwenzi. Kuyanjana ndi okondana kumakhala ndi thanzi kwa onse awiri ndipo kungakuthandizeni kuyambiranso chidwi chanu kukhala chenicheni. Nthawi yogonana? Pakatha nthawi (kutalika kwake kumasiyana malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili), anyamata ena amapeza kuti kuyambiranso kuchita zogonana ndi bwenzi lenileni kumathandiza makamaka, bola ngati (ndi anzawo) osayesa kukakamiza mpaka zimachitika mwachilengedwe.

Kuchotsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri kumalimbitsa ulamuliro wanu waulamuliro, womwe umakhala mu prefrontal cortex yanu (kumbuyo kwa mphumi yanu). Kuwunika zoopsa, kupanga mapulani akutali, ndi kulamulira zilakolako kumayang'aniridwa ndi frontal cortex. Mawu akuti kusadziletsa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza momwe zizolowezi zimafooketsa ndikuletsa ma circuits odziletsa awa. Zimatengera nthawi, komanso kusasinthasintha, kuti ma circuits awa agwire ntchito mokwanira.

Kumbukirani: Ufulu wanu umakhala pakukhazikitsanso ubongo wanu. Kenako mutha kusankha ngati mungayambitse njira yanu yodzutsa zolaula kapena njira ina yomwe ingabweretse zotsatira zomwe mumakonda. Mosakayikira, kuyambiranso sikukutsimikizira kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti mtsogolo. Ubongo wamunthu umakhalabe pachiwopsezo chotsika chifukwa chotsitsimutsa kwambiri. Ubongo wanu uli ndi zolaula, zomwe nthawi zonse zimatha kuyambiranso.

Ambiri asiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndipo achira miyoyo yawo . Inunso mungathe.

Kuti mumve zambiri za sayansi ya zolaula za intaneti, werengani nkhanizi motere:

Zizindikiro Zoledzeretsa: 300 Vaginas = Dopamine Yambiri: Timagwiritsidwa ntchito mophweka ndi madalitso achilengedwe ambiri
Zosangalatsa, Zachilendo ndi zotsatira za Coolidge: Popanda zotsatira za Coolidge sipadzakhalanso zolaula za intaneti
Zomwe Zilipo Pakadali pano: Mwalandiridwa ku Maphunziro a Ubongo: "Kodi ndife m'badwo woyamba kuseweretsa maliseche kumanzere?"
N'chifukwa Chiyani Sindiyenera Kuonera Johnny Watch Porn Ngati Amamukonda?: Kuphunzitsa za ubongo zokhudzana ndi kugonana makamaka makamaka paunyamata
N'chifukwa Chiyani Ndimapeza Zithunzi Zosangalatsa Kwambiri Kuposa Wogwirizana Naye?: Sayansi ya zaumoyo imasonyeza momwe mafilimu a pa intaneti angamvekerere kugonana kwenikweni
Kodi Zogonana Zosatheka ?: Yakwana nthawi yosiyanitsa 'malingaliro azakugonana' kuchokera ku 'zokonda zakugonana' zosinthika
Kodi Mungakhulupirire Johnson Wanu?: Kodi kugonana kwa intaneti kumapangitsa kuti amuna azigonana kwambiri ndi pulasitiki?
Maphunziro a ubongo aposachedwa a intaneti akuphatikizapo Porn: Kafufuzidwe ka ubongo pa intaneti ikusonyeza njira imodzi yokha
Zojambula, Pseudoscience ndi DeltaFosB (2013): Kodi mungayang'ane nthanozi zodziwika bwino za 5 zokhudza zolaula?
Kuyesera kwa Zina Zina: Kodi ndi magulu otani omwe sali otsogolera akuwonetsa?
Kugonana, Kumaliseche ndi Mojo: Maganizo a Neuroscience: Omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula amakonda kubwerera kwawo. Chifukwa chiyani?
Achinyamata Amagwiritsa Ntchito Zambiri Kuti Apeze Mojo wawo: Kodi zithunzi zolimbitsa thupi zimagwiritsira ntchito rewiring kugonana kwa achinyamata?
Kugonana Kwachiwerewere Siko Kugonana- Ndipo Chifukwa Chake Kuli Kofunika
Gwiritsani Ntchito Mabuku Athu: Ma Docs Akuthandizani Kuletsa Zizolowezi Zogonana: American Society of Addiction Medicine imatulutsa kusesa kwawo malingaliro atsopano oledzera ndi FAQ's.