Kuyankha madandaulo osagwirizana, kuzunzidwa kwamunthu komanso kunyozedwa ndi a Daniel A. Burgess, LMFT (Feb-Marichi, 2018)

Chiyambi: Burgess akuti wachitidwa chipongwe, komabe adayambitsa kulumikizana konse (Facebook, Twitter), ndikulemba ndemanga zambiri zoyipitsa, ndipo pamapeto pake akuphwanya chizindikiro cha YBOP pakupanga "www.muchiyama.com. "

Mu February, 2018 sindinamvepo za Daniel Burgess LMFT. Mwadzidzidzi, mwadzidzidzi, Bambo Burgess ( @BurgessTherapy ) adagwiritsa ntchito malo ambiri ochezera a pa Intaneti kuti andiukire ine ndi YBOP. Kuzunzidwa ndi kunyozedwa kwa Burgess kunachitika pa Twitter ( pansi pa ma tweets angapo a @YourBrainOnPorn ) ndi Facebook ( tsamba la YBOP Facebook , limodzi mwa masamba a Facebook a Burgess , ndi tsamba la Facebook la Marriage and Family Therapists ).

Mu Julayi, 2020, Daniel Burgess analemba kalata yodzaza mabodza kwa Nicole Prause kuti agwiritse ntchito podziteteza ku mlandu wanga wa Anti-SLAPP. Ndinapambana mlanduwu chifukwa Prause, ndipo olemba makalata ake, adawululidwa kuti ndi abodza kapena opeka umboni: Lamulo loletsa la Prause linakanidwa kuti ndi lopanda pake ndipo ali ndi ngongole yayikulu ya loya mu chigamulo chotsutsana ndi SLAPP . Kalata ya Burgess, yomwe yatumizidwa pa Twitter kangapo, inanena kuti ndiye wozunzidwayo chifukwa ndidapanga tsamba lomwe lili pano kuti ndiwulule mbiri yake yonyoza, kutsata pa intaneti komanso kuphwanya malamulo a malonda. Zopusa kwambiri, chifukwa Burgess adayambitsa kulumikizana nane konse (kunyoza pa maakaunti angapo ochezera), ndikupanga www.realyourbrainonporn.com , kuphwanya malamulo a malonda anga, pomwe akaunti yake ya Twitter (@BrainOnPorn) idandinyoza ine ndi ena ambiri (kuphatikiza kunyoza mwana wanga ndi amayi ake) . Kalata ya Burgess idanena zabodza :

kuti ndidatumiza adilesi yakunyumba ndi nambala yake yafoni pa YBOP (sanatulutse chithunzi cha izi).
kuti ndidafalitsa "masamba mazana ambiri amunamiziro wonyoza" (Burgess adapereka zitsanzo zosatsimikizika za zonamizira izi). Ndangosindikiza tsamba lino komanso masamba ena awiri ofotokozera:
- Kuphwanya chizindikiro cha Burgess / akaunti ya Twitter - A Daniel Burgess, a Nicole Prause & all-porn allies amagwirizana pa akaunti ya Twitter kuti athandizire makampani azolaula ndikuzunza & kunyoza aliyense amene anganene zoyipa za zolaula..
- Kutenga nawo gawo kwa a Burgess pamsonkhano wokopera - Realyourbrainonporn (Daniel Burgess, Nicole Prause) akunyoza / kuvutitsa a Gary Wilson: Iwo "apeza" ma URL abodza abodza pa Internet Wayback Archive (Ogasiti, 2019).
kuti ndaika "zithunzi" za mkazi wake & banja pa YBOP. Akuwoneka kuti akutanthauza za avatar yolumikizidwa ndi ndemanga zake zonyoza za Facebook - zomwe ndimabereka pansipa ndi zomwe zikadali patsamba langa la Facebook!
kuti "adawopsezedwa kangapo mwalamulo." M'malo mwake, Burgess adalandira 2 yokha lekani kuleka makalata - zonse chifukwa chophwanya lamulo la YBOP, lomwe woyamba adalinyalanyaza.

Kodi Daniel Burgess wovulalayo kapena wolakwira? Iwe ukhala woweruza.

Tiyamba ndi zolemba za ulamuliro umodzi wa Burgess wa cyberstalking ndi kuipitsa mbiri:

Tsamba Lanu la Facebook la YourBrainOnPorn

Zithunzi za Burgess akulemba ndemanga zambiri zonyoza pa tsamba la Facebook la YBOP (apa ndi pomwe ndinakumana koyamba ndi Daniel Burgess). Chofunika kudziwa: kuyambira Disembala, 2020 ndemanga zonyoza za Burgess zinalipobe. Zonena zilizonse zoti ndidazunzidwa, kapena ine ndikulankhula ndi iye/banja lake, ndizoseketsa.

Ulalo wa tsamba lomwe ndinapatsa Burgess (sanayankhe ulalowu): Nicole Prause's Unethical Harassment and Defamation of Gary Wilson & Others . Zindikirani: Burgess tsopano akunena kuti chithunzi chomwe chili pamwambapa cha akundizunza ndi kundinyoza patsamba langa la Facebook chikutanthauza "kunyoza." Chimenecho ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha DARVO - Ngakhale nkhanza zitachitikapo, ndiye kuti A amamenya wozunzidwayo chifukwa choyesa kumuimba mlandu wozunzayo; kenako amanama ndikunena kuti wozunzayo ndiye wozunzidwayo weniweni, motero amachotsa Wozunzidwayo ndi Wolakwayo.

Mwa njira, 'kuchotsa' kumatanthauza kutumiza zambiri zachinsinsi, zomwe ine sindinachite. Ndemanga zake ndi za anthu onse, komanso patsamba la Facebook la YBOP. Kumbali ina, akaunti ya Twitter yolumikizidwa ndi tsamba la Burgess lomwe tsopano latsekedwa lophwanya malamulo a malonda (@BrainOnPorn) idachotsa mwana wanga wamwamuna ndi amayi ake kangapo (~ ma tweets 90 otsatira), kuphatikizapo mayina awo, zithunzi zawo zachinsinsi, maadiresi, malo ogwirira ntchito, ndi zambiri zachuma.

Pa YBOP Twitter Threads

Patangopita nthawi yochepa kuchokera pamene mawu abodza ndi kunyoza dzina lake atchulidwa pamwambapa, Burgess adapita ku akaunti yake ya Twitter yomwe siigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti akatulutse poizoni wambiri komanso zinthu zina zosathandiza. Ma tweets asanu ndi anayi motsatizana akundiyang'ana (Burgess wachotsa ma tweets awa ndikusintha dzina la akaunti ya Twitter kukhala @MyAscentTherapy ):

Pa "Ukwati ndi Banja Odwala"Gulu la Facebook

Burgess atangondiukira patsamba la Facebook la YBOP ndi Twitter, adayang'ana gulu la Facebook la mamembala 6,000 la " Marriage and Family Therapists " (zonena zake zosachirikizidwa pamenepo zokhudza YBOP ndi kafukufukuyu zikuyang'aniridwa mu gawo lotsatira). Mayankho khumi ndi asanu ndi atatu kwa Burgess ochokera kwa akatswiri a zachipatala Staci Sprout ndi Forest Benedict ndi gawo lalikulu la zomwe zatsala mu nkhani yonyoza ya Burgess . Nayi chitsanzo cha imodzi mwa ndemanga zambiri za tsamba la Facebook la MFT pomwe Burgess adandinyoza:

Zikuoneka kuti Burgess anachotsedwa mu gulu la Facebook la “ Marriage and Family Therapists ” chifukwa chonyoza ena mu ulusiwu, koma tsopano akufalitsa nkhani yake yakuti ndinayamba kulankhulana naye . Chokhacho chomwe chimatchedwa 'contact' chomwe ndinayambitsa chinali kalata ya Cease & Desist kwa Burgess chifukwa chophwanya malamulo okhudza malonda.

Burgess Amapanga Akaunti Yabodza ya Twitter Kuti Adzandichitire Mantha & Kundizunza

Pa June 14, 2019 ndinalemba ulusi wotsatira wa Twitter poyankha nkhanza ndi kunyozedwa kuchokera ku akaunti ya Twitter ya "RealYourBrainOnPorn". (Monga tafotokozera apa , tsamba lawebusayiti la RealYBOP ndi maakaunti a malo ochezera a pa Intaneti anali kuchita zinthu zosaloledwa ndi malamulo komanso kuyesa kubisa zizindikiro za malonda.) Pa June 15, akaunti ya "Ron Swanson" yomwe inali isanalowe mu ulusi wanga inanena kuti ili ndi mbiri ya zamalamulo, ndikundipatsa thandizo la zamalamulo:

Akaunti ya Twitter ya "Ron Swanson" ndi yabodza. Kufufuza mwachangu kwa Twitter ya "Ron Swanson" kunavumbula kuti inali yabodza ndipo mwina inali yochita ulendo wosodza.

Ndinkaganiza kuti "Swanson" ndi Burgess chifukwa, mwa ma tweets ake 20 okha m'zaka zitatu, imodzi yolumikizidwa ndi zithunzi za Burgess ndi mkazi wake akuchita nawo mpikisano wa CrossFit (Burgess anali ndi tsamba la Facebook lotchedwa CrossFit Dan ) . Tweet ya "Ron Swanson" yokhala ndi ulalo:

Ulalowu umapita ku positi iyi ya Instagram ya NugentTherapy (tsambali lasowa mosadziwika ). Zikuwoneka kuti malo ochezera a pa Intaneti a Nugent Therapy akuyendetsedwa ndi Burgess!

Si chinsinsi kuti Burgess ndi mkazi wake anakumana ku CrossFit. Anapanga tsamba la Facebook lolemba zonsezi (zosintha - pofuna kubisa umboni, Burgess anachotsa tsambalo). Dziwani: chifukwa Burgess sakungondinyoza, kundinyoza, kunditumizira makalata ondiopseza kudzera mwa loya wake Giampietro, kuchita zinthu zophwanya malamulo a malonda, ndi milandu yokhudzana ndi izi, ndakakamizidwa kulemba za machitidwe ake pa intaneti, komanso dzina lake lodziwika bwino.

Chinsinsi cha "Ron Swanson" chidathetsedwa.

Burgess adapitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito yake @RonSwansonTime dzina. Mphindi RealYBOP idatumiza kalata SoCal ACLU (yofotokozedwa patsambali) @RonSwansonTime adalemba izi kanayi, onse at @YourBrainOnPorn. The @RonSwansonTime Akauntiyo sanatumizirepo chilichonse kuyambira pomwe ma tweets ake awiri a Juni 15 akuyesera kundinyenga ndi langizo lake lanzeru. Ma tweets anayi:

Burgess sakufunanso kubisa kuti ndi "@RonSwansonTime".

Pa August 21, 2019, Mabuku a Burgess (@RonSwansonTime tawonani chithunzi cha ma URL achinyengo achinyengo (masamba omwe sanakhalepo). Zidawoneka pansi pa NerdyKinkyCommie tweet akundidzidzimutsa. Nerdy ndi katswiri wodzipereka ndipo Othandizira amene adalandira kuyimitsidwa kwamasiku 7 pa Twitter chifukwa chondizunza (saga yonse anafotokozedwa pano). RonSwansonTime adalumikizidwa ndi ulusi ndi Nicole Prause ndi David Ley - zinali zodabwitsa bwanji.

Ma tweets awa ndi oyamba ine, kapena wina aliyense, kumvapo za kukhalapo kwa ma URL abodza (a masamba omwe sapezeka pa YBOP's Wayback Machine archive ). Zotsatira zoyambirira za zochitika pa Ogasiti 21:

NerdyKinkyCommie amandilondola (kwa nthawi ya 100th kapena apo)
@RonSwansonTime posakhalitsa ikani ma tweets a 2 pa ulusi, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe azithunzi ndi maulalo a WayBack Machine
Nicole Prause yomweyo amalowa ulusi
David Ley akuwonjezera masenti ake awiri

Kenako ndinatulutsa @RonSwansonTime ngati dzina lodziwika bwino la Burgess, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti " Ron" akhazikitse akaunti yake ya Twitter kukhala "yotetezedwa" (umboni wina wosonyeza kuti Ron Swanson ndi Burgess weniweni ).

Chifukwa chiyani akaunti yabodza ya Twitter imatha kukhala yachinsinsi? Kubisa umboni.

Mwachidule, Burgess tsopano akupanga nkhani zomwe ndinayambitsa kulumikizana naye ndipo "ndimamuwuza". Monga mukuwonera, Burgess akunama. Ndiye wochita zoipa osati womzunza.

Mu Ogasiti, 2019, ndemanga zina za Burgess ndi maakaunti a pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti zinasowa ndipo akaunti ina ya Twitter yomwe imaganiziridwa kuti ndi yachinsinsi inakhala yachinsinsi ( @RonSwansonTime ). Izi zinachitika pambuyo pa:

Machitidwe azovomerezeka adavumbulutsa kuti Daniel Burgess ndiye mwiniwake wa kwenikweniyourbrainonporn.com URL (kuti mumve zambiri - Chidindo Chachidakwa Choletsedwa Chogonjetsedwa ndi Amuna Osokoneza Ubongo (www.realyourbrainonporn.com)
akaunti ya realyourbrainonporn.com Twitter (@BrainOnPorn) adapitilira a 4-day, 110 + tweet rampage rampage yomwe ikuyang'ana Gary Wilson, pomwe akaunti ya imelo ya realyourbrainonporn.com idazunza abwenzi a Wilson ndi zinyalala zomwezo. Kuti mumve zambiri, onani:
- Chingwe cha pa Twitter: https://twitter.com/YourBrainOnPorn/status/1165299052746960896
- Nkhani yowonjezera: Realyourbrainonporn (Daniel Burgess) kuipitsa / kuzunza kwa Gary Wilson: Ma URL abodza a "omwe apezeka" pa Internet Wayback Archive (Ogasiti, 2019)

Kuwonjezera pa kampeni yoipa yokhudza khalidwe la munthu yomwe inachitika ndi akaunti ya Twitter ya " Real Brain On Porn" (yomwe ikuwonetsa mabodza a Nicole Prause ), akaunti ya Twitter ( @BrainOnPorn ) inandiimbanso mlandu wokhudza milandu itatu:

Kusenda azimayi
Kupanga zoopsa
Kuthawira muma webusayiti

Kuimba mlandu anthu pagulu za khalidwe loipa komanso milandu yophwanya malamulo n'koyenera kuchitidwa. Ndipotu, mawu onyoza omwe ali pamwambapa amaonedwa kuti ndi " kunyoza " - zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sindiyenera kuwonetsa ndalama zilizonse zamalonda kuti ndibwezeretse (ndalama zomwe ndapeza kuchokera m'buku langa zimapita ku mabungwe othandiza anthu). Loya wa zamalamulo amakhulupirira kuti Daniel Burgess ndiye amene ali ndi mlandu mwalamulo . ( Ena anyozedwanso ndi akaunti ya Twitter ya "Real Brain On Porn" ).

Chodabwitsa chachikulu: Loya wa Prause ndi Daniel Burgess pankhondo zawo zamalonda ndi ine ndi Wayne B. Giampietro. Iye anali m'modzi mwa maloya akuluakulu omwe amateteza backpage.com . Backpage inatsekedwa ndi boma la federal "chifukwa chothandizira mwadala kugulitsa anthu ndi uhule." (Onani nkhani iyi ya USA Today : Milandu 93 yokhudza milandu yogulitsa anthu mwachisawawa yawululidwa motsutsana ndi oyambitsa Backpage ). Mlanduwu unaimba mlandu eni ake a Backpage, pamodzi ndi ena, chifukwa chokonza dala milandu yokhudza uhule kudzera pa webusaitiyi. Akuluakulu a boma amanena kuti ena mwa anthu omwe adagulitsidwa ndi anthuwa kuphatikizapo atsikana achichepere. Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza kutenga nawo mbali kwa Giampietro onani - https://dockets.justia.com/docket/illinois/ilndce/1:2017cv05081/341956. Muzochitika zachilendo, katundu wa backpage.com adalandidwa ndi Arizona, ndipo Wayne B. Giampietro LLC adalembedwa kuti adataya $100,000.

MAFUNSO:

1) Chilimwe, 2019: Pa Meyi 8, 2019 Donald Hilton, MD adapereka mlandu wonyoza dzina lake motsutsana ndi Nicole Prause & Liberos LLC. Pa Julayi 24, 2019 Donald Hilton adasintha mlandu wake wonyoza dzina kuti awonetse (1) mlandu woipa wa Texas Board of Medical Examiners, (2) milandu yabodza yoti Dr. Hilton adanama za ziyeneretso zake, ndi (3) zikalata zovomerezeka kuchokera kwa anthu ena 9 omwe adazunzidwa ndi kunyozedwa kofanana ndi kwa Prause ( John Adler, MD , Gary Wilson , Alexander Rhodes , Staci Sprout, LICSW , Linda Hatch, PhD , Bradley Green, PhD , Stefanie Carnes, PhD , Geoff Goodman, PhD , Laila Haddad .)

2) Okutobala, 2019: Pa Okutobala 23, 2019 Alexander Rhodes (woyambitsa reddit/nofap ndi NoFap.com ) adapereka mlandu wonyoza dzina la Nicole R Prause ndi Liberos LLC . Onani bwalo lamilandu apa . Onani tsamba lino kuti mupeze zikalata zitatu zamilandu yoyamba zomwe zidaperekedwa ndi Rhodes: Woyambitsa NoFap Alexander Rhodes adapereka mlandu wonyoza dzina la Nicole Prause / Liberos.

3) Novembala, 2019: Pomaliza, nkhani zolondola zokhudza woneneza, wonyoza, wozunza, wophwanya malamulo a malonda, Nicole Prause: “Alex Rhodes wa Porn Addiction Support Group ‘NoFap’ Akutsutsa Wofufuza Zachiwerewere Wokonda Zolaula chifukwa cha Kunyoza” lolembedwa ndi Megan Fox wa PJ Media ndi “Nkhondo za zolaula zimakhala zachinsinsi mu No Nut November” , lolembedwa ndi Diana Davison wa The Post Millennial . Davison adapanganso kanema wa mphindi 6 wonena za machitidwe oipa a Prause: “Kodi Zolaula Zimasokoneza?”.

4) Januwale, 2020: Alex Rhodes adapereka madandaulo osinthidwa motsutsana ndi Prause omwe amatchulanso akaunti ya twitter ya RealYBOP ( @BrainOnPorn ) kuti ikuchita zinthu zonyoza. Kuti mudziwe nkhaniyi, ndi zikalata zonse za makhothi, onani tsamba ili: Mlandu wonyoza woyambitsa NoFap Alexander Rhodes motsutsana ndi Nicole Prause / Liberos . Mabodza a RealYBOP, kuzunza, kunyoza, ndi kutsata ma cyberstalking afika pa izi. Twitter ya @BrainOnPorn tsopano ikutchulidwa m'milandu iwiri yonyoza. Ma PDF a zikalata za khothi zotchula @BrainOnPorn:

Ndani ali ndi udindo mwalamulo: "akatswiri" onse a RealYBOP, kapena Prause , kapena mwina Daniel Burgess, amene adalembetsa URL ya tsamba lawebusayiti?

Malangizo oyenera kuchokera kudandaulo la Rhodes:

----------

Pa Marichi 23, 2020, Alex Rhodes adapereka chikalata chotsutsa pempho la Prause loti achotsedwe . Mafayilo ake kukhothi ali ndi zochitika zatsopano ndi umboni, ozunzidwa ena a Prause, nkhani yayikulu/mbiri: Chidule - masamba 26 , Chilengezo - masamba 64 , Ziwonetsero - masamba 57. Akaunti ya Twitter ya @BrainOnPorn yatchulidwanso. Zidule zomwe zikufotokoza zochitika zatsopanozi za nkhanza ndi kunyozedwa:

Chochitika china:

Zoona zake n'zakuti, @BrainOnPorn yalemba ma tweets ambiri owonjezera okhudza Rhodes ndi Nofap: Mbiri yakale ya Nicole Prause, David Ley ndi @BrainOnPorn yozunza ndi kunyoza dzina la Alexander Rhodes la NoFap.

Ngakhale Daniel Burgess amadziwika kuti adalembetsa URL ya RealYBOP ( www.RealYourBrainOnPorn.com ), umboni wodalirika kwambiri umasonyeza kuti Nicole Prause adapanga ndikuyendetsa tsamba la RealYBOP ndi akaunti ya Twitter.

RealYBOP nthawi zonse imachita nkhanza ndi kunyoza anthu omwe amalankhula za zotsatira zoyipa za zolaula (ma tweets opitilira 800 mchaka chake choyamba). Timadabwa kuti ndani ali ndi udindo mwalamulo pa kunyoza ndi kuzunza kwa @BrainOnPorn ? Kodi ndi Nicole Prause yekha , kapena mwiniwake wa tsamba loyambira, kapena mwina onse awiri? Kapena kodi "akatswiri" onse a RealYBOP angakhale ndi udindo mwalamulo komanso pazachuma?

Funso limeneli si laling'ono monga Pembedzero ndi RealYBOP Twitter ikuphatikizidwa pamilandu iwiri yoyipitsa (Donald Hilton, MD & Woyambitsa Nofap Alexander Rhodes), A mlandu wolakwira, Ndi mlandu wamisika. M'malo mwake, ma tweets angapo a RealYBOP aphatikizidwa ndi zojambula za milandu iwiriyi yakuipitsidwa, komanso pazomangidwazo zothandizidwa ndi ozunzidwa ena a Prause ndi RealYBOP Twitter (affidavit # 1, affidavit # 2, affidavit # 3, affidavit # 4, affidavit # 5, affidavit # 6, affidavit # 7, affidavit # 8, affidavit # 9, affidavit # 10, affidavit # 11, affidavit # 12, affidavit # 13, affidavit # 14, affidavit # 15, affidavit # 16).

5) Zosintha (Ogasiti, 2020) : Mu Marichi 2020, Prause adafunafuna lamulo loletsa kwakanthawi (TRO) lopanda maziko motsutsana nane pogwiritsa ntchito "umboni" wopeka ndi mabodza ake achizolowezi (akundinamizira kuti ndinkamutsatira). Pempho la Prause la lamulo loletsa, adadzinamizira yekha, ponena kuti ndidayika adilesi yake pa YBOP ndi Twitter ( kunama sikwachilendo ndi Prause ). Ndinapereka mlandu motsutsana ndi Prause chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika dongosolo lazamalamulo (TRO) kuti andiletse ndikundizunza. Pa Ogasiti 6, Khothi Lalikulu la Los Angeles County linagamula kuti kuyesa kwa Prause kupeza lamulo loletsa motsutsana nane kunali "mlandu wopanda pake komanso wosaloledwa wotsutsana ndi kutenga nawo mbali kwa anthu" (womwe nthawi zambiri umatchedwa "suti ya SLAPP") . Mwachidule, Khothi linapeza kuti Prause adagwiritsa ntchito molakwika njira yoletsa kuti andinyoze ndikuchepetsa ufulu wanga wolankhula. Malinga ndi lamulo, chigamulo cha SLAPP chimakakamiza Prause kulipira ndalama za loya wanga.

Mpaka pa Marichi YBOP, nkhani ya 2018 yotsutsana ndi mbiri yoyipa ya a Daniel Burgess ndikunamizira zabodza:

A Daniel Burgess adandinyoza ndikundizunza pamawayilesi ochezera - ndikubwezeretsanso mabodza abodza a Nicole Prause komanso zonamizira kuti akhala akuzunza kwa zaka zingapo. Onani masamba awa ataliatali pazinthu mazana ambiri zolembedwa

Kawirikawiri YBOP siigwiritsa ntchito mawu obwerezabwereza onyoza anthu ndipo amaikidwa pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti. Komabe, Burgess atangondinyoza pa tsamba la Facebook la YBOP ndi Twitter, anayang'ana kwambiri pa “ Madokotala Othandiza Anthu Okwatirana ndi Banja .” Chifukwa Burgess anaonetsa mawu ake onyoza anthu pamaso pa akatswiri odziwa zachipatala 6,000 komanso omvera a Facebook a YBOP, ndinaona kuti ndikofunikira kutsutsa ndemanga zake zoipa (ndi zomwe ananena zosagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa kafukufuku wa zolaula)

Mayankho khumi ndi asanu ndi atatu kwa Burgess ochokera kwa akatswiri a zachipatala Staci Sprout ndi Forest Benedict ndi omwe atsala mu nkhani yonyoza ya Burgess . Zikuoneka kuti Burgess anachotsedwa mu gulu la Facebook la " Marriage and Family Therapists " chifukwa chondinyoza mu ulusiwu.

Tsamba lapano lili ndi ndemanga zingapo zomwe zalembedwa pa Facebook ya Marriage & Family Therapist ndi akaunti iyi ya Facebook ya Daniel Burgess , kenako mayankho anga. Ndemanga za Burgess ndi zofiirira komanso zopindika.

Marichi, 2018: Daniel Burgess Zabodza, Kutsatira Mayankho a Gary Wilson

Zonsezi n'zosavuta: Bodza ndikuchita nawo ad hominem kuti anthu asadina maulalo ndikuwona umboni wonse wovomerezeka, womwe Burgess sangatsutse. Waphunzitsidwa bwino ndi Prause ndi Ley ndi anzawo, koma sakudziwa chilichonse chokhudza momwe kafukufukuyu alili pano kapena neurobiology ya chizolowezi.

Ndemanga kwa Daniel Burgess, patsamba la Facebook la Marriage and Family Therapists (lomwe linali ndi ulalo wa YBOP):

Zimenezo zinalembedwa mu 1998 ndipo tapita patsogolo kwambiri kuyambira pamenepo : https://www.yourbrainonporn.com/research-articles-and-abstracts

Burgess akuyamba diatribe yake:

Daniel Burgess: zikomo chifukwa cha yankho lanu. Nkhani ya Dr. Klein ndi yofunika kwambiri tsopano kuposa kale lonse. Akuchitabe kafukufuku ndi akatswiri ofufuza za kugonana. Pamene mudandilumikiza ndi tsamba la YBOP la Gary Wilson. Gary sadziwa bwino nkhaniyi. Wanama mobwerezabwereza, wadzinamiza yekha, "zitsimikizo" zake ndikusaka akazi pa intaneti. Gary ndi wachinyengo, ngakhale CBC idamuzindikira kuti ndi wachinyengo. Amalemba maphunziro ambiri patsamba lake omwe amalengeza momwe zimakhalira ngati cocaine. Koma kafukufuku SI amene amanena zimenezo. Munthuyo ndi wonyenga. Nkhani zabodza, mwina ndi nkhani ya anthu omwe ali kunja kwa DSM.

GANIZO LA GARY WILSON:

1) “GARY ADZIYIMIRA ZOMWE ALI”: Sindinanenepo bodza, ndipo sindinadzinenepo zonama. Burgess akupeza mfundo zake zolankhulira kuchokera kwa Ley & Prause, omwe amapewanso zinthu zobisika ndikuchita zinthu zabodza. Prause nthawi zonse amanena kuti ndimadzitcha pulofesa, ndipo amaika chithunzithunzi kuchokera patsamba lomwe silinathe, lomwe sindinalumikizane nalo, ndipo omwe amandiitana molakwika kuti pulofesa. Onani zolemba apa: Prause akunena zabodza kuti Wilson wanena zabodza zokhudza mbiri yake . (Ena anditcha molakwika kuti katswiri wa zamaganizo, katswiri wa zamaganizo, ndi zina zotero. Zimenezo sizingandithandize.) Kufotokozera kwanga kwa ine kwakhala kuli pano nthawi zonse, ndipo sikunasinthe - https://www.yourbrainonporn.com/about-us

2) “KUTSUTSA AKAZI PA INTANETI”: Sindinayambe ndatsata akazi pa intaneti kapena pa intaneti. Palibe umboni weniweni wa zomwe Burgess kapena Prause akunena, monga momwe palibe umboni woti Prause ali ndi lamulo loletsa ine , kapena kuti wapereka malipoti ovomerezeka a apolisi okhudza ine. Mabodza awa afotokozedwa pano, ndi ena ambiri:

M'malo mwake, ndi a Prause omwe adachita zachinyengo, kunyoza komanso kundivutitsa ine ndi ena ambiri (zaka zopitilira 7). Zigawo zingapo pamasamba omwe ali pamwambapa zidalemba mayina ambiri a Prause omwe adatumizidwa kuti alembe ndemanga zawo. Adachita izi kuti andizunze komanso kundipusitsa ndikutsutsana ndi amuna omwe akuyesera kusiya zolaula kapena kuyambiranso ku ED. Zitsanzo zochepa ngati izi:

3) MNDANDANDA WA MAPHUNZIRO: Burgess amanyalanyaza maphunziro omwe anzawo adawunika omwe ali patsamba limenelo. Maphunziro onse pa YBOP alipo kuti aliyense awone. Palibe omwe adalembedwa molakwika. M'ndandanda wanga, maphunziro onse ali ndi mavesi ndipo ali ndi maulalo opita ku mapepala oyambilira. Burgess ayenera kutenga mfundo zake. Nayi mndandanda:

Kugonana ndi kugonana / kugonana? Tsambali likulemba Zotsatira za 55 za sayansi (MRI, fMRI, EEG, matenda opatsirana pogonana, mahomoni). Amapereka chithandizo cholimba cha mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo pamene zofukufuku zawo zimagwirizanitsa zochitika za m'maganizo zomwe zimafotokozedwa mu maphunziro osokoneza bongo.
Malingaliro enieni a akatswiri okhudzana ndi zolaula / kugonana? Mndandanda uwu uli Ndemanga za 29 zaposachedwa & ndemanga ndi ena mwa apamwamba a sayansi ya sayansi padziko lapansi. Zonse zothandizira mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Zizindikiro za kuledzera ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoopsa kwambiri? Zofufuza za 55 zofukufuku zomwe zikupezeka zikugwirizana ndi kukula kwa zolaula (kulekerera), chizoloŵezi choonera zolaula, komanso ngakhale kusiya (zizindikiro zonse ndi zizindikiro zosokoneza bongo).
Kodi munthu amadziwa bwanji? Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse, Mayiko Akumayiko Onse a Matenda (ICD-11), ali ndi matenda atsopano woyenera kuchita zachiwerewere: "Kugonana Kwachiwerewere. "
Kulingalira mfundo yosalimbikitsidwa yolankhulidwa yakuti "chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana" akufotokozera zolaula kapena chizolowezi chogonana: Kafukufuku wa 25 amapusitsa kunena kuti kugonana & zolaula "amangokhala ndi chilakolako chofuna kugonana"
Zolaula ndi zogonana? Mndandandawu uli ndi zofufuza zoposa 40 zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zolaula / zolaula ku mavuto a kugonana ndi kuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana. The Zotsatira za 7 zoyambirira mumndandanda ukuwonetsa zovuta, pamene ophunzira adasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndikuchiza matenda opatsirana pogonana.
Zotsatira za zovuta pazoyanjana? Kufufuza kwa 75 kumagwirizanitsa zolaula kumagwiritsira ntchito kugonana kosachepera komanso kukhutira ndi chibwenzi. Monga momwe ife tikudziwira onse Kafukufuku wokhudza amuna adanena za kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula zambiri zogwirizana osauka kugonana kapena kukondana.
Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi kumakhudza bwanji maganizo ndi maganizo? Pazofufuza za 85 zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thanzi lakuthupi lamaganizidwe & zotsatira zazidziwitso zosauka.
Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi kumakhudza bwanji zikhulupiliro, malingaliro ndi makhalidwe? Onani maphunziro aumwini - Phunziro la 40 limagwirizanitsa zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito "maganizo osagwirizana" kwa amayi ndi malingaliro ogonana - kapena chidule cha mndandanda wa 2016: Media ndi Sexualization: Boma la Kafukufuku Wofufuza, 1995-2015. Chidule:

Cholinga cha ndemangayi chinali kupanga kafukufuku woyeserera zotsatira za kugonana kwa atolankhani. Cholinga chachikulu chinali pa kafukufuku wofalitsidwa m'magazini owunikiranso a Chingerezi pakati pa 1995 ndi 2015. Mabuku 109 omwe anali ndi maphunziro 135 adawunikidwanso . Zomwe zapezekazi zidapereka umboni wokhazikika wakuti kuwonetsedwa m'ma laboratories komanso kuwonetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku pazinthu izi kumalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa kusakhutira kwa thupi, kudziona ngati wopanda pake, kuthandizira kwambiri zikhulupiriro zachigololo komanso zikhulupiriro zotsutsana ndi kugonana, komanso kulekerera kwambiri nkhanza zogonana kwa akazi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonetsedwa m'zinthu izi kumachititsa akazi ndi amuna kukhala ndi malingaliro ochepa pa luso la akazi, makhalidwe abwino, ndi umunthu.

Nanga bwanji za chiwerewere ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula? Kufufuza kwina: Meta-Kuonongeka kwa Kuonera Zolaula Ntchito ndi Zoona Zochitika Zachiwerewere mu Zophunzira Zambiri za Anthu (2015). Chidule:

Kafukufuku 22 wochokera kumayiko 7 osiyanasiyana adawunikidwa. Kudya mopitirira muyeso kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi nkhanza zogonana ku United States ndi padziko lonse lapansi, pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, komanso m'maphunziro osiyanasiyana komanso a nthawi yayitali. Mayanjano anali olimba kwambiri pa nkhanza zolankhulidwa kuposa zogonana, ngakhale zonse ziwiri zinali zofunika. Kachitidwe ka zotsatira kakusonyeza kuti zachiwawa zitha kukhala chinthu chowonjezera.

"Koma kodi zolaula sizinachepetse kuchuluka kwa kugwiriridwa?" Ayi, kuchuluka kwa kugwiriridwa kwakhala kukukwera m'zaka zaposachedwa: " Chiwerengero cha kugwiriridwa chikukwera, choncho musanyalanyaze nkhani zolimbikitsa zolaula ."

Bwanji za kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula ndi achinyamata? Onani mndandanda wa pa maphunziro a achinyamata a 270, kapena ndemanga izi zazinthu: ndemanga # 1, ndemanga2, ndemanga # 3, ndemanga # 4, ndemanga # 5, ndemanga # 6, ndemanga # 7, ndemanga # 8, ndemanga # 9, ndemanga # 10, ndemanga # 11, ndemanga # 12, ndemanga # 13, ndemanga # 14, ndemanga # 15, kuwunika # 16.Kutera kumapeto kwa kafukufukuyu mu 2012 kafukufukuyu - Zotsatira za Zithunzi Zolaula pa Intaneti pa Achinyamata: Kupenda kafukufuku:

Kuwonjezeka kwa intaneti kwa achinyamata kumapanga mwayi wapadera wa maphunziro a kugonana, kuphunzira, ndi kukula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, zoopsa zomwe zimachitika m'mabukuzi zachititsa akatswiri kufufuza achinyamata kuti aziona zolaula pa Intaneti kuti athetse ubale umenewu. Zonsezi, kafukufukuyu akusonyeza kuti achinyamata omwe amadya zolaula angakhale ndi zikhulupiliro zolakwika zogonana. Zina mwazofukufuku, machitidwe apamwamba a chilolezo chogonana, kugonana, ndi kuyesedwa koyambirira kwa kugonana zakhala zikugwirizana ndi zolaula zambiri zomwe zimachitika .... Komabe, kufufuza kosasintha kwakhala kukugwirizana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zithunzi zolaula zomwe achinyamata akuwonetsa zachiwawa ndi ziŵerengero zambiri za khalidwe lachiwerewere. Mabukuwa amasonyeza kusagwirizana pakati pa achinyamata ndi zozizwitsa. Atsikana amanena kuti amadziona kuti ndi otsika kwambiri kwa amayi omwe amawawona pa zolaula, pamene anyamata amawopa kuti sangakhale ngati olimba kapena okhoza kuchita monga amuna omwe akuwonetsedwa. Achinyamata amakhalanso akunena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kunachepetsedwa chifukwa cha kudzidalira kwawo komanso chitukuko chawo. Kuwonjezera apo, kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, makamaka zomwe zimapezeka pa intaneti, amakhala ndi mgwirizano wocheperapo, kuwonjezeka kwa makhalidwe, makhalidwe apamwamba a chiwerewere, zizindikiro zachisoni, komanso kuchepetsa kugwirizana ndi osowa.

4) CBC: CBC sinachite zimenezo. Komabe, m'modzi mwa opanga ake adachita zachinyengo komanso khalidwe loipa. Nazi zolemba zathu zomwe zikufotokoza patsamba lothandizira kuchira zolaula za zomwe zinachitika ndi CBC . Onani kuti Nicole Prause adalemba (ngati Real Science) mu ulusi womwewo (monga momwe nthawi zambiri amalemba pa forum yochira pogwiritsa ntchito mayina osiyanasiyana). Mwachitsanzo, adafunsa za kukula kwa mbolo yanga . (Ndi katswiri kwambiri.)

ZINDIKIRANI: Uthenga woyamba wa Nicole Prause pa akaunti yake yatsopano ya Twitter unali wokhudza Gary Wilson ndi kuyankhulana kwa CBC. Sindingathe kulumikizana ndi uthengawu, chifukwa akaunti yoyambirira ya Prause ya Twitter idayimitsidwa kwamuyaya chifukwa chozunza Todd Love, PsyD, JD, yemwe kuwunika kwake mabukuwo kudayesa kutsutsa ntchito yake. Pa Disembala 18 ndi 19, "RealScience" idalemba ndemanga zingapo zofanana, zosokeretsa mofanana ndi zomwe zili pansipa patsamba lomwe limatchula Gary Wilson (onani zolemba zina zingapo pa Disembala 18 ndi 19 ndi "RealScience" kapena "Real Scientist").

NOTE2: Prause wakhala akuyang'ana ine ndi ena ambiri m'zaka zingapo zapitazi, kuphatikizapo ofufuza, madokotala, akatswiri azachipatala, akatswiri a zamaganizo, ogwira nawo ntchito omwe adagwira nawo ntchito kwa nthawi yochepa ku UCLA, bungwe lothandiza anthu ku UK, amuna omwe akuchira, mkonzi wa magazini ya TIME , mapulofesa angapo, IITAP, SASH, Fight The New Drug, Exodus Cry, magazini yamaphunziro ya Behavioral Sciences , kampani yake yayikulu MDPI, mtsogoleri wa magazini yamaphunziro ya CUREUS, ndi magazini ya Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity (masamba awiri awa amapereka zolemba zambiri za machitidwe awa: tsamba 1 , tsamba 2 , tsamba 3 , tsamba 4 , Tsamba 5.

5) KOKAINE: Palibe paliponse pa YBOP pomwe ndimanena kuti "Zolaula zili ngati cocaine." Bodza lina lolembedwa ndi Burgess. Nayi mafunso omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri okhudza YBOP akuti zolaula sizili ngati cocaine : Kodi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula chimayambitsa kuwonongeka kosatha kwa ubongo?

ZINDIKIRANI: Ngakhale YBOP sinanenepo kuti cocaine ndi meth "ndizofanana ndi zolaula," chilakolako chogonana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagawana njira zofanana za mitsempha ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni (zomwe zimasiyana ndi mphotho zina zachilengedwe, monga chakudya ndi madzi):

Kugonana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumabweretsa mphotho yomweyo yomwe imapereka mitsempha ya maselo. Mosiyana, pali chabe chiwerengero chochepa Mitsempha yothandizira pakati pa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mphotho zina zakuthupi monga chakudya kapena madzi. Kutembenukira ku maselo ofanana omwe amachititsa kugonana molimbikitsana kwambiri kumathandiza kumvetsa chifukwa chake meth, cocaine, ndi heroin akhoza kukhala oledzera kwambiri.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ma heroin omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zambiri amati kuwombera "kumamveka ngati kosangalatsa". Kuthandizira zomwe akumana nazo, kutulutsa umuna kumatsanzira zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zizolowezi za heroin pamaselo omwewo a mphotho. Makamaka, Kuthamanga kumachepetsa dopamine yomwe imabala maselo a mitsempha amene amadwala ndi heroin osagwiritsa ntchito. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti kugonana ndi koipa. Zimangotiuza kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo amanyalanyaza njira zomwezo zomwe zimatikakamiza kubwerera kuchipinda kuti tigonane.
Mosiyana ndi zina zopanda mankhwala (yummy chakudya kapena shuga), koma mofanana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, Chidziwitso cha kugonana chimabweretsa kusintha kosatha mu chiwerengero ndi mitundu ya mphotho yapakati ya receptors glutamate. Glutamate ndi mitsempha yambiri ya ubongo yomwe imabweretsanso uthenga kuchokera kumadera akuluakulu a ubongo kupita ku malo opindulitsa. Mapulogalamuwa amapanga malo opindulitsa kwambiri omwe amawonekera kwambiri, zolizwitsa, malingaliro kapena zochitika zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zogonana.
Kuwonjezera apo, zonsezi kugonana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amachititsa kuti pulogalamu ya DeltaFosB ikhalepo, yomwe imachititsa kuti majeremusi azisokonezeka. Ma maselo amasintha amakhala pafupifupi zofanana zokhudzana ndi kugonana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kaya ndi kugonana kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, DeltaFosB yambiri imagwiranso ntchito ubongo kukhumba "IT", kaya ndi "IT" yanji. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo sikuti amangobedwa maselo enieni a mitsempha atagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yomwe akugonana, amasankha njira zomwezo zomwe zinasintha kuti tipange kugonana.
Ngakhale zovuta kwambiri kuti zifotokozedwe mwatsatanetsatane, kusintha kwanthaŵi kochepa kokhudzana ndi ubongo ndi mahomoni zimachitika ndi orgasm zomwe sizikuchitika ndi mphotho zina zachilengedwe. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchepa kwa ubongo ndi torogen receptors, kulandira maestrogen owonjezeka, kuchuluka kwa enkephalins hypothalamic, ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi a oxytocin ndi prolactin.

Motero, mfundo zodziwika bwino monga ndemanga yeniyeniyi zimasokonekera: “ Eya, zochita zambiri zimakweza dopamine, kotero zolaula pa intaneti sizili zosokoneza kwambiri kuposa kuonera kulowa kwa dzuwa kapena kusewera gofu. ” Umenewo ndi mawu ochokera kwa katswiri wa zachiwerewere wamaphunziro (wodziwa bwino kwambiri). Mofananamo, mu yankho la katswiri wa zachiwerewere Marty Klein ku nkhani ya Zimbardo & Wilson adati momwe ubongo umayankhira poonera zolaula sizosiyana ndi kuonera kulowa kwa dzuwa :

Kuphatikiza apo, ubongo wathu umachitanso chimodzimodzi tikanyamula mdzukulu wathu kapena tikamalowa dzuwa. ”

Chigamulo cha Marty Klein chinayesedwa kale kwambiri ndipo chinatsutsidwa, mu kafukufuku wa fMRI wa 2000: “ Chilakolako cha cocaine chomwe chimayambitsa cue: kudziwika kwa ubongo kwa ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zoyambitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo . Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa kuti anthu omwe amamwa cocaine komanso anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino amaonera mafilimu a: 1) anthu omwe amasuta crack cocaine, 2) zochitika zachilengedwe zakunja, ndi 3) zomwe zili zogonana. Zotsatira zake: anthu omwe amamwa cocaine anali ndi machitidwe ofanana okhudza ubongo akamaonera zolaula komanso akamaonera zinthu zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chawo. (Mwamwayi, onse omwe amamwa cocaine ndi anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino anali ndi machitidwe ofanana okhudza ubongo pa zolaula.) Komabe, kwa onse omwe amamwa cocaine ndi anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino, machitidwe okhudza ubongo akamaonera zochitika zachilengedwe anali osiyana kwambiri ndi machitidwe akamaonera zolaula. Tsalani bwino nkhani yopusa!

PS - Mfundo yolankhulidwa ndi Prause ndi yakuti kuseweretsa maliseche sikusiyana ndi kuonera ana agalu akusewera (ndi otsatira ake osaganiza bwino akubwereza zomwe akunenazi monga momwe angabwerezere mawu ofotokozera). Mawu osaneneka awa ayenera kukhululukira Prause kuti asanenepo kanthu pa sayansi ya ubongo yokhudzana ndi CSB.

Daniel Burgess: Ndipatseni chitsanzo chimodzi chokha cha "zopeza" za sayansi zambirimbiri zosokeretsa, zosawerengedwa bwino za Gary. Mu kafukufuku wa "Voon" wogwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, wogwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika komanso wosamvetsetseka ", Ma Neural Correlates a Sexual Cue Reactivity mwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi ndi Opanda Makhalidwe Ogonana Okakamiza" Gary akunena mosasamala kuti, zolaula zophatikiza ndi kugogomeza ndi zofanana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena m'malo mwake "ogwiritsa ntchito amachita ndi zithunzi zolaula mofanana ndi momwe anthu omwe ali ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo amachitira ndi zizindikiro za mankhwala osokoneza bongo." ; "Kafukufuku wa Valerie Voon womwe wakhala akuyembekezeredwa kwa nthawi yayitali womwe wawonetsedwa mu chikalata cha ku UK "Porn on the Brain" watuluka pomaliza. Monga momwe amayembekezeredwa, ofufuza a ku Cambridge University adapeza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula mokakamiza amachita ndi zithunzi zolaula mofanana ndi momwe anthu omwe ali ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo amachitira ndi zizindikiro za mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ulalo wa kafukufuku wathunthu - "Ma Neural Correlates a Sexual Cue Reactivity mwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi ndi Opanda Makhalidwe Ogonana Okakamiza (2014) "

ZIMENE NDINENA: Nayi ulalo wa zolemba zoyambirira za YBOP zokhudza kafukufuku woyamba wa Voon: Mawu anga anali olondola monga momwe Voon adanenera zomwezo monga momwe ndidachitira mu kuyankhulana za kafukufuku wake komanso mu kafukufuku wake: Neural Correlates of Sexual Cue Reactivity mwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi ndi Opanda Makhalidwe Ogonana Okakamiza ( Voon et al. , 2014)

Mafunso a Voon: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/10962885/Love-is-the-drug-scientists-find.html

"M'njira zambiri, amasonyeza kufanana m'makhalidwe awo ndi odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Tinkafuna kuona ngati kufanana kumeneku kumawonekeranso m'machitidwe a ubongo." Pali kusiyana koonekeratu pa ntchito za ubongo pakati pa odwala omwe ali ndi khalidwe logonana lokakamiza ndi odzipereka athanzi . Kusiyana kumeneku kumafanana ndi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo."

Kuchokera pa phunziro la Voon:

" Kufufuza za mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso chilakolako cha nikotini, cocaine ndi mowa kumakhudza maukonde kuphatikizapo ventral striatum, dACC ndi amygdala 13. " Mu kafukufuku wapano, madera awa adayambitsidwa panthawi yowonera zinthu zolaula m'magulu omwe ali ndi CSB komanso omwe alibe. Kuwona kwa kuyambitsa kwamphamvu kwa madera awa mu CSB poyerekeza ndi omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino ndi kofanana ndi zomwe zapezeka pazizindikiro za mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zomwe zikusonyeza kufanana kwa mitsempha pazovuta zonse. "

Phunziro lachiŵiri la Valerie Voon CSB likufotokozera mwachidule zotsatira za maphunziro awiri oyambirira a University of Cambridge:

Zomwe tapeza zokhudza kukondera kwambiri kwa chidwi ... zikusonyeza kusakanikirana komwe kungachitike ndi kukondera kwakukulu kwa chidwi komwe kumapezeka mu maphunziro a zizindikiro za mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'mavuto a zizolowezi . Zomwe zapezekazi zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zapezeka posachedwapa za momwe mitsempha imagwirira ntchito ku zizindikiro zogonana m'magulu a CSB mu netiweki yofanana ndi yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi maphunziro a momwe mitsempha imagwirira ntchito komanso kupereka chithandizo cha malingaliro olimbikitsa kuledzera omwe amayambitsa yankho losazolowereka ku zizindikiro zogonana m'magulu a CSB Kupezaku kukugwirizana ndi zomwe tawona posachedwapa kuti makanema owonetsa zolaula anali okhudzana ndi zochitika zazikulu mu netiweki ya mitsempha yofanana ndi yomwe yawonedwa mu maphunziro a momwe mitsempha imagwirira ntchito . Chilakolako chachikulu kapena kufuna m'malo mokonda chinalumikizidwanso ndi zochitika mu netiweki iyi ya mitsempha. Maphunziro awa pamodzi amapereka chithandizo cha chiphunzitso cholimbikitsa kuledzera chomwe chimayambitsa yankho losazolowereka ku zizindikiro zogonana mu CSB.

Kuchokera mu ndemanga ya 2016 Yolembedwa ndi Valerie Voon, Shane Kraus ndi Marc Potenza: Kodi Khalidwe Logonana Lokakamiza Liyenera Kuonedwa Ngati Chizolowezi Choledzera? ( Kraus et al. , 2016).

Pamene DSM-5 inatulutsidwa, vuto la kutchova juga linasinthidwa kukhala vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kusintha kumeneku kunatsutsa zikhulupiriro zakuti kuledzera kumachitika kokha mwa kudya zinthu zomwe zimasokoneza maganizo ndipo kuli ndi zotsatirapo zofunika pa mfundo, njira zopewera komanso njira zochiritsira. D ata ikusonyeza kuti kuchita zinthu zina mopitirira muyeso (monga masewera, kugonana, kugula zinthu mopitirira muyeso) kungafanane ndi matenda, majini, ubongo ndi zochitika zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuledzera kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ……

Zikuphatikizana zilipo pakati pa CSB ndi matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala. Machitidwe omwe amachititsa kuti anthu asagwiritse ntchito matendawa amathandizira CSB ndi matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala, ndipo kafukufuku wamakono omwe akuchitika posachedwapa akusonyeza kufanana komwe kumakhudzana ndi chilakolako chofuna kukhumba. Mankhwala ofanana ndi mankhwala ndi psychotherapeutic angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa CSB ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Monga onse angakhoze kuwona, Burgess amangobodza chabe.

Komanso, nchifukwa chiyani Burgess amangoganizira za Voon et al. , 2014? Nchifukwa chiyani Daniel Burgess amanyalanyaza maphunziro ena 52 ozikidwa pa sayansi ya ubongo (MRI, fMRI, EEG, neuropsychological, hormonal) omwe alembedwa patsamba la maphunziro a ubongo wa YBOP ? (onse 52 amapereka chithandizo champhamvu cha mtundu wa kuledzera monga momwe zomwe apeza zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zapezeka mu sayansi ya ubongo zomwe zanenedwa mu maphunziro okhudzana ndi kuledzera). Mwina chifukwa Burgess sakudziwa kuti maphunziro ena 52 a ubongo alipo, chifukwa Prause akuwoneka kuti akumupatsa mfundo zonse zomwe akulankhula.

Daniel Burgess: Mu positi ina Gary akunena kuti “Zolaula zimasokoneza kwambiri ngati meth.” ndipo kuonera zolaula kungakupangitseni kugwiririra. Kugwiritsa ntchito chithunzi cha kugwiririra chomwe sichikugwirizana ndi zolaula mwanjira iliyonse. (https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/index.php?topic=54214.0 )

GARY WILSON: Tsamba lomwe Burgess amalumikiza silinatumizidwe ndi ine. Sindinawonepo positi imeneyo kapena tsamba limenelo mpaka pano. "Gary Wilson" wabodza wa Burgess ali ndi positi imodzi yokha yachilendo. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti Burgess salumikizanso tsamba langa - chifukwa YBOP sinanenepo kuti " Zolaula zimasokoneza ngati meth ." Burgess akunama kachiwiri.

Ndani adamupatsa uthenga wabodza wochokera kwa "Gary Wilson" wabodza? Prause amafufuza pa intaneti chilichonse chokhudza ine. Mwachitsanzo, milungu iwiri yapitayo Prause adayika zikalata zanga zogwirira ntchito ku Southern Oregon University (pamodzi ndi mawu ambiri onyoza) pa Quora, Twitter, komanso patsamba lawebusayiti la akuluakulu. Ananena zabodza kuti ndachotsedwa ntchito. Anatha kupanga chinyengo chimenecho chifukwa cha zambiri zomwe zidasinthidwa m'makalatawo. Nayi zolemba za chilichonse chomwe chinachitika, kuphatikiza Prause akuyika nkhani yonyoza patsamba lawebusayiti la malonda a zolaula: Nicole Prause ndi David Ley akunena zabodza kuti Gary Wilson adachotsedwa ntchito ku Southern Oregon University

Zikalatazo zinachotsedwa ku Quora, ndipo Prause adaletsedwa mwamuyaya. Twitter adam'letsa tsiku limodzi ndikumuchenjeza. Tsamba lolaula likuchotsa nkhani yotsutsa. Onani:

Daniel Burgess : Ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso ankalakalaka zolaula (chilakolako chachikulu), koma sanali ndi chilakolako chachikulu chogonana kuposa zowongolera. Kupeza kumeneku kukugwirizana bwino ndi njira yamakono yogwiritsira ntchito chizolowezi, ndipo kumatsutsa chiphunzitso chakuti "chilakolako chachikulu chogonana" chimayambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso. Anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo amaganiziridwa kuti amakakamizika kufunafuna mankhwala awo chifukwa akufuna - m'malo mosangalala nawo. Njira yosazolowereka iyi imadziwika kuti chilimbikitso, chomwe ndi chizindikiro cha matenda osokoneza bongo." Yotumizidwa ndi admin pa Lachinayi, 07/10/2014 - 16:09

GARY WILSON: Kufotokozera kwanga kwa Voon et al., 2014 kunali kolondola kwambiri. Voon ananenanso chimodzimodzi. Kuchokera mu kafukufuku wake:

Poyerekeza ndi odzipereka athanzi, anthu omwe ali ndi CSB anali ndi chilakolako chachikulu chogonana kapena kufuna zizindikiro zoonekeratu ndipo anali ndi zigoli zambiri zokonda zizindikiro zogonana, motero kusonyeza kusiyana pakati pa kufuna ndi kukonda. Anthu omwe ali ndi CSB analinso ndi zovuta zambiri zokhudzana ndi chilakolako chogonana komanso zovuta zogonana muubwenzi wapamtima koma osati ndi zinthu zogonana zomwe zimasonyeza kuti zigoli zowonjezeka zinali zenizeni ku zizindikiro zoonekeratu osati chilakolako chogonana chowonjezeka.

Zomwe tapeza zokhudzana ndi CSB mwa anthu ambiri zikugwirizananso ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi chilimbikitso cholimbikitsa anthu omwe akufuna kapena kufunitsitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena chilakolako chogonana, koma osati 'kukonda' kapena mawu a hedonic [12].

Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha chizolowezi ndi chitsanzo cha "Incentive sensitization" (IST) . Zizindikiro za IST ndi cue-reactivity yayikulu kapena zilakolako zoti mugwiritse ntchito. Tsopano pali maphunziro 25 a mitsempha omwe anena za cue-reactivity kapena zilakolako (sensitization) mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kapena anthu omwe ali ndi vuto logonana - kuphatikizapo Prause's Steele et al., 2013. (Zindikirani - Voon adapereka ndime ku Steele et al ., 2013 akunena kuti zomwe Prause adapeza zikugwirizana ndi zomwe adapeza - cue-reactivity yayikulu! )

Kafukufuku wochokera ku Neurosceince ofotokoza zomwe zapezedwa zogwirizana ndi mtundu wa IST wokonda:

Ponena za kafukufuku wa Voon wotsutsana ndi chilakolako chachikulu, anthu omwe adaphunzira adapeza zochepa pa ASEX, ndipo 11 mwa iwo adakumana ndi vuto lodzuka popanda kuonera zolaula. Ndanena izi chifukwa Prause adanama kuti kafukufuku wake wa 2013 EEG adathandizira chilakolako chapamwamba: Chilakolako Chogonana, osati Hypersexuality, Chikugwirizana ndi Mayankho a Neurophysiological Ochokera ku Zithunzi Zogonana ( Steele et al. , 2013) . Zoona zake, Steele et al., 2013 akuti adapeza mgwirizano umodzi wofunikira pakati pa deta yonse yomwe idasonkhanitsidwa:

"Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa ma P300 amplitude ndi zosangalatsa zogonana, poyerekeza ndi zolimbikitsa zosalowerera ndale, kunali kogwirizana ndi miyeso ya chilakolako chogonana , koma sikunagwirizane ndi miyeso ya kugonana kopitirira muyeso."

Kumasulira: Molakwika kumatanthauza chilakolako chochepa. Anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chachikulu cha zolaula anali ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana ndi mnzawo (koma osati chilakolako chochepa chodziseweretsa maliseche). Kunena kwina - anthu omwe ali ndi ubongo wochita zinthu zambiri komanso zilakolako zambiri zogonana amakonda kudziseweretsa maliseche kuposa kugonana ndi munthu weniweni. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, wolankhulira kafukufukuyu Nicole Prause adati ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula anali ndi "chilakolako chachikulu," koma zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zikunena zosiyana kwambiri (chilakolako cha anthu ofuna kugonana ndi anthu okwatirana chinali kuchepa poyerekeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo zolaula). Mapepala asanu ndi atatu owunikidwa ndi anzawo akufotokoza zoona zake: Ndemanga zowunikidwa ndi anzawo za Steele et al. , 2013. Onaninso ndemanga yayikulu ya YBOP.

Zindikirani: Mndandanda wa maphunziro opitilira 25 omwe amanama ponena kuti anthu okonda kugonana ndi zolaula "amangokhala ndi chilakolako chachikulu chogonana"

Daniel Burgess Kafukufuku weniweni akunena izi pamapeto pake; "Zomwe zapezekazi zikusonyeza kuphatikizika kwa maukonde omwe amayambitsa matenda a kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mphotho zachilengedwe. Ngakhale kuti kafukufukuyu angasonyeze kuphatikizika kwa matenda ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, maphunziro ena azachipatala amafunika kuti adziwe ngati CSB iyenera kugawidwa ngati matenda oletsa kusokonezeka maganizo, mkati mwa obsessive-compulsive spectrum kapena ngati chizolowezi cha khalidwe."

GARY WILSON: Ndicho chimene asayansi osamala amachita (mosiyana ndi Prause ndi zomwe akunena zosachirikizidwa, monga zomwe ananena kuti " adatsutsa chitsanzo cha chizolowezi chogonana ndi zolaula " ndi kafukufuku wolakwika umodzi). Koma zimenezo sizikutsutsa zomwe Valerie Voon adapeza mu 2014, kapena zomwe adatsimikiza mtsogolo. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti maphunziro 36 a mitsempha afalitsidwa kuyambira pamenepo, kuphatikiza ena 4 ndi Valerie Voon. Zomwe zapezeka zonse zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zawonedwa mu maphunziro owonjezera zinthu.

Mu 2017, Voon analemba nawo ndemanga iyi mu Lancet, Kodi khalidwe logonana mopitirira muyeso ndi vuto loledzera? ( Potenza et al. , 2017) . Izi ndi zomwe Voon akunena tsopano, akuwonetsa chikhulupiriro chake chamakono chakuti CSB ikugwirizana ndi njira yoledzera:

Kafukufuku wokhudza ubongo wa vuto la khalidwe logonana lokakamiza wapanga zotsatira zokhudzana ndi tsankho la chidwi, mphamvu ya chilimbikitso, ndi kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumasonyeza kufanana kwakukulu ndi zizolowezi . Vuto la khalidwe logonana lokakamiza likufotokozedwa ngati vuto lolamulira chilakolako mu ICD-11, mogwirizana ndi lingaliro lomwe likuperekedwa lakuti chilakolako, kupitiriza kuchita zinthu mosasamala kanthu za zotsatirapo zoyipa, kuchita zinthu mokakamiza, ndi kuchepa kwa ulamuliro zimayimira zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda olamulira chilakolako. Lingaliro limeneli likhoza kukhala loyenera pa matenda ena a DSM-IV olamulira chilakolako, makamaka kutchova juga kwa matenda. Komabe, zinthu izi zakhala zikuonedwa kuti ndizofunikira kwambiri pa zizolowezi, ndipo pakusintha kuchokera ku DSM-IV kupita ku DSM-5, gulu la Impulse Control Disorders Not Wherewhere Classified linasinthidwa, ndipo kutchova juga kwa matenda kunasinthidwa dzina ndikusinthidwanso kukhala vuto losokoneza bongo. Pakadali pano, tsamba lolemba la ICD-11 beta limalemba matenda oletsa chilakolako, ndipo limaphatikizapo vuto la khalidwe logonana lokakamiza, pyromania, kleptomania, ndi vuto losokoneza bongo lokhazikika.

Matenda opatsirana okhudzana ndi kugonana akuwoneka kuti akugwirizana bwino ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe akuperekedwa kwa ICD-11, mogwirizana ndi nthawi yochepetsera kugonana yomwe ikufunidwa pofuna kusokoneza vuto la kugonana pa tsamba la ICD-11. Timakhulupirira kuti chiwerengero cha matenda okhudzana ndi kugonana monga matenda ozunguza bongo akugwirizana ndi deta yam'tsogolo ndipo akhoza kuthandiza madokotala, ochita kafukufuku, komanso anthu omwe akuvutika ndi matendawa.

Daniel Burgess Komanso, Voon, wofufuza wamkulu akuvutika ndi kutanthauzira kumeneku, "Voon amachenjeza mwachangu kuti asagwiritse ntchito maphunziro ake kuti aganize molakwika za chizolowezi cha kugonana kapena zolaula. "Pakufunika kafukufuku wambiri," akufotokoza.

GARY WILSON: Ndemanga za Voon za mu 2014 sizikugwirizana ndi ine; akungonena kuti maphunziro ambiri ayenera kuchitidwa. Ndipo maphunziro ena ambiri afalitsidwa kuyambira mu Julayi 2014. Nazi maphunziro ena 53 ozikidwa pa sayansi ya ubongo, ndemanga 29/ndemanga: https://www.yourbrainonporn.com/brain-scan-studies-porn-users.

Burgess ayenera kuthamanga, monga Voon inafotokoza maphunziro a 4 ochulukirapo kwambiri ndi ndemanga za 3 / ndemanga. Zonse zothandizira mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Maphunziro a sayansi ya ubongo:

http://medicalxpress.com/news/2015-11-online-porn-sex-addicts-desire.html
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hbm.23447/full
http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00154/abstract
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4143289/

Kuchokera mu ndemanga yaposachedwa ya Valerie Voon - Kodi khalidwe logonana mopitirira muyeso ndi vuto loledzera? 2017)

Matenda okakamiza kugonana akuwoneka kuti akugwirizana bwino ndi matenda osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe akuperekedwa pa ICD-11, mogwirizana ndi nthawi yochepa ya chizolowezi chogonana yomwe ikuperekedwa pakali pano pa vuto lokakamiza kugonana pa tsamba lolembedwa la ICD-11. Tikukhulupirira kuti kusankhidwa kwa vuto lokakamiza kugonana ngati vuto losokoneza bongo kukugwirizana ndi zomwe zapezeka posachedwapa.

Daniel Burgess “Nicole Prause (ndi wofufuza wophunzitsidwa komanso wasayansi) ku Yunivesite ya California, Los Angeles, adagwiritsa ntchito electroencephalography (EEG) poyesa mafunde a ubongo wa anthu omwe amawonetsedwa zithunzi zogonana ndipo adapeza china chake chosiyana. Adawona kuti odzipereka omwe amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi vuto ndi zolaula adayankha zithunzizo ndi chisangalalo chochepa muubongo, mosiyana ndi anthu ena omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amakumana ndi zizindikiro zoyambitsa. “Anthu awa akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto, koma a mtundu wina,” akutero Prause. “Kuledzera si njira yabwino yomvetsetsera.” https://www.1843magazine.com/…/can-you-really-be...

GARY WILSON: Burgess akunena nkhani, yomwe imatchula Prause et al., 2015. Prause adati "adachotsa chizolowezi choonera zolaula" ndi pepala lokhalo lolakwika. Zotsatira zake: Poyerekeza ndi zowongolera "anthu omwe akukumana ndi mavuto owongolera kuonera zolaula" anali ndi mayankho ochepa muubongo akamaonera zithunzi za vanilla porn kwa sekondi imodzi. Prause akuti zotsatirazi "adachotsa chizolowezi choonera zolaula."

Kodi ndi wasayansi wovomerezeka uti amene anganene kuti kafukufuku wawo wokha watsutsa gawo lodziwika bwino la kafukufuku ? Zoona zake n'zakuti, zomwe Prause et al. 2015 adapeza zikugwirizana bwino ndi Kühn & Gallina t (2014) , zomwe zidapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zambiri kumagwirizana ndi kutseguka pang'ono kwa ubongo poyankha zithunzi za zolaula za vanilla. Prause et al . zomwe adapeza zikugwirizananso ndi Banca et al. 2015. Kuwerenga kochepa kwa EEG kumatanthauza kuti anthu sakuyang'ana kwambiri zithunzizo. Mwachidule, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri analibe chidwi ndi zithunzi zosasinthika za zolaula za vanilla. Anali otopa (ozolowereka kapena osowa chidwi), zomwe zikugwirizana ndi chizolowezi . Onani ndemanga yayikulu ya YBOP iyi. Mapepala asanu ndi anayi omwe adawunikidwa ndi anzawo amavomereza kuti kafukufukuyu adapezadi kuti anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri alibe chidwi / chizolowezi: Kuwunika kwa YBOP kwa "Kusintha kwa Zomwe Zingatheke Posachedwa ndi Zithunzi Zogonana mu Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mavuto ndi Kulamulira Kosagwirizana ndi 'Zolaula Zolaula' ( Prause et al. , 2015)"

Mapepala khumi omwe anzawo adawunikanso akugwirizana ndi kuwunika kwa YBOP kwa Prause et al. , 2015. Ulalo uliwonse umapita ku zigawo zoyenera komanso ulalo wopita ku pepala loyambirira.

Zolembedwa kuchokera ku ndemanga ya Mateusz Gola ya Prause et al., 2015 (Kuchepa kwa LPP kwa zithunzi zogonana mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta kungakhale kogwirizana ndi zitsanzo zosokoneza bongo. Chilichonse chimadalira chitsanzo: Ndemanga pa Prause, 2015).

Mapeto omwe aperekedwa mu mutu wa kafukufukuyu "Kusintha kwa zinthu zabwino zomwe zingachitike mochedwa ndi zithunzi zogonana mwa ogwiritsa ntchito mavuto ndi zowongolera zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi "chizolowezi cholaula" kwakhazikitsidwa ponena za IST [chitsanzo chovomerezeka cha chizolowezi] ...

Mwatsoka, mutu wolimba mtima wa Prause et al. (2015) wakhala ndi zotsatirapo kale pa nkhani zoulutsira nkhani, motero kufalitsa mfundo yosavomerezeka yasayansi . Chifukwa cha kufunika kwa chikhalidwe ndi ndale kwa mutu wa zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, ofufuza ayenera kupanga mfundo zamtsogolo mosamala kwambiri ...

Monga momwe Gola ndi ena adanenera mu ndemanga zawo zowunikidwa ndi anzawo, Prause et al., 2015 adakumana ndi zolakwika zoopsa (monga momwe Steele at al., 2013 adachitira ), monga:

1) Monga ndi Pemphero la 2013 EEG phunziro (Steele et al.), omwe anali nawo phunziroli anali amuna, akazi komanso mwina "osagonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha". Umboni wonse ukusonyeza kuti a Prause adagwiritsa ntchito maphunziro omwewo pakafukufuku wake wapano ndi kafukufuku wake wa 2013: kuchuluka kwa akazi ndikofanana (13) ndipo manambala onse ali pafupi kwambiri (52 vs. 55). Ngati ndi choncho, kafukufuku wapano anaphatikizapo 7 "osagonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha". Izi ndizofunika, chifukwa zimaphwanya ndondomeko yoyendetsera maphunziro osokoneza bongo, omwe ochita kafukufuku amasankha zofanana maphunziro malinga ndi msinkhu, jenda, malingaliro, ngakhale ma IQ ofanana (more gulu logwirizana) kuti tipewe kusokonezeka chifukwa cha kusiyana kotere. Izi zimakhala zovuta makamaka pa maphunziro ngati awa, omwe amayeza kuti akukakamiza zogonana, monga momwe kafukufuku amatsimikizira kuti abambo ndi amai ali osiyana kwambiri ndi ubongo ku mafano kapena mafilimu achiwerewere (Zofufuza: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14). Cholakwika ichi chokha chimayambitsa mafunso onse a Prause a EEG.

2) Anthu omwe adafunsidwa za Prause sanafufuzidwe pasadakhale. Maphunziro a ubongo okhudza chizolowezi chovomerezeka amawunika anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe alipo kale (kuvutika maganizo, OCD, zizolowezi zina, ndi zina zotero). Iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yomwe ofufuza odalirika angafikire mfundo zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi. Onani maphunziro a Cambridge University kuti mupeze chitsanzo cha kuwunika koyenera ndi njira.

3) Mafunso awiri omwe Prause adagwiritsa ntchito m'maphunziro onse a EEG kuti aone ngati "chizolowezi chogonana ndi zolaula" sakutsimikiziridwa kuti awonetse ngati akugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti.

4) Palibe amene akudziwa kuti ndi ndani, ngati alipo, mwa anthu omwe Prause anali okonda zolaula. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri pamakhala mawu onena za "okonda zolaula" m'mafotokozedwe athu a maphunziro atatuwa. Anthu omwe adasankhidwa adachokera ku Pocatello, Idaho kudzera mu malonda apaintaneti opempha anthu omwe " akukumana ndi mavuto owongolera momwe amaonera zithunzi zogonana ." Pocatello, Idaho ndi wa Mormon woposa 50%, kotero ambiri mwa anthu omwe adasankhidwa angaganize kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kulikonse ndi vuto lalikulu. Mu kuyankhulana kwa 2013 Nicole Prause akuvomereza kuti anthu ambiri omwe adasankhidwa adakumana ndi mavuto ang'onoang'ono okha (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sanali okonda zolaula - ndipo kafukufuku wake sangatsimikizire chilichonse chokhudza chizolowezi cha zolaula):

"Kafukufukuyu amangophatikiza anthu omwe amafotokoza mavuto, kuyambira zazing'ono mpaka zovuta kwambiri, kuwongolera momwe amaonera zolaula."

Simungathe kuzolowera zolaula ngati simukuyesa omwe ali osokoneza bongo. Ngakhale zomwe a Prause adapeza sizinagwirizane ndi mtundu wa IST, maphunziro ena a 24 pamitu ya CSB amafotokoza za kukonzanso-kukhumba ndi zilakolako za ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula / ogonana: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.

Daniel Burgess: Kodi Garys anayankha bwanji Nicole, wasayansi wodziwika bwino? Kwenikweni, "Prause ndi wokonda zolaula".

GARY WILSON: Yankho langa ku ntchito ya Prause ndi ndemanga pomwe ndimatchula mapepala owunikidwa ndi anzawo omwe amatsutsa Prause, ndi PhD akutsutsa zomwe akunena. Mu maulalo onse otsatirawa ndimalumikiza mapepala oyamba, ndi zidutswa zomwe zimafufuza mapepala ndi zomwe akunena za Prause. Ndikulimbikitsa Burgess kuti apewe kuukira kwa ad hominem kotsika mtengo ndikukambirana zomwe zili mu ndemanga zanga komanso ndemanga zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi anzawo zomwe ndimalumikiza.

1) Ndemanga yanga, pamodzi ndi mapepala 9 owunikidwa ndi anzawo omwe akutsutsa Prause et al., 2015 - Ndemanga ya YBOP ya "Kusintha kwa Zomwe Zingatheke Posachedwa ndi Zithunzi Zogonana mu Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mavuto ndi Kulamulira Kosagwirizana ndi 'Zolaula Zolaula' ( Prause et al. , 2015)"

2) Ndemanga yanga, pamodzi ndi mapepala 8 owunikidwa ndi anzawo omwe akutsutsa Steele et al., 2013 - Kusanthula kwa YBOP - Ndemanga ya " Steele et al., 2013": zomwe zapezeka zenizeni zimathandizira chitsanzo cha chizolowezi chogonana.

Zoyipa za YBOP zamapepala ndi zolemba pomwe Prause anali m'modzi mwa olemba:

Burgess sanatchulidwe liwu limodzi m'gulu lililonse mwa ziganizo pamwambapa.

Ponena za Prause, iye anali m'mbuyomu (contract yomwe sinapangidwenso kumapeto kwa 2014 / 2015) ndi mbiri yakale olemba mabuku, olemba mabuku, olemba nkhani, olemba mabuku, olemba mabuku, mabungwe ambiri, ndi ena omwe amafunitsitsa kupereka umboni wolakwira pa zolaula za pa intaneti. Iye akuwoneka kuti ali osangalatsa kwambiri ndi makampani oonera zolaula, monga momwe tingawonere pa izi Chithunzi cha iye (kumanja) pamphepete wofiira wa mwambo wa mpikisano wa Critics Organization (XRCO) X-Rated (XRCO). (Malinga ndi Wikipedia the XRCO Awards amaperekedwa ndi American X-Rated Critics Organisation chaka ndi chaka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito zosangalatsa zachikulire ndipo ndizopadera zokha zotsatsa malonda zomwe zikuwonetseratu zokhazokha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu ogulitsa ntchito.^[1]). Zikuwonekeranso kuti Pemphero lingakhale nalo anapeza zithunzi zolaula monga maphunziro kudzera mu mafakitale ena ogulitsa zolaula, gulu Mgwirizanowu waulere. Maphunziro omwe adapezeka ndi FSC akuti amamugwiritsa ntchito kuphunzira aganyu pa wodetsedwa kwambiri ndi Kusinkhasinkha Kwambiri ” chiwembu (tsopano kufufuzidwa ndi FBI). Kuthekera kwapanganso Zosagwirizana zosagwirizana za zotsatira za maphunziro ake ndi iye njira zophunzirira. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onani: Kodi Nicole Anagwiritsira Ntchito Pulogalamu Yolimbikitsa Zogulitsa Zojambulajambula?

Daniel Burgess : Koma nthawi zonse bwererani ku sayansi yabodza, ad hominem koma mulibe chilichonse chosonyeza, kodi Gary wapambana bwanji pochotsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula?

GARY WILSON: Sanapereke zitsanzo za sayansi yabodza kapena ad hominem zomwe ndapereka. Iyi ndi njira yachizolowezi - kudzudzula anthu pa zomwe mukuchita. Nkhani zabodza kwambiri.

Kodi Gary akuti " chiŵerengero cha kupambana pochotsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula " n'chiyani?

Kodi gehena akunena chiyani za Burgess?

Daniel Burgess: Mulimonsemo, munthu akhoza kuthera zaka zambiri akuwerenga mauthenga ambirimbiri ochokera kwa Gary ndikuwonetsa zolakwika zonse.

GARY WILSON: Chonde chitani. Monga momwe ena akuonera, Burgess sanatchule molakwika kafukufuku wa Valerie Voon, pomwe ine ndinaufotokoza molondola. Burgess ananamanso za zomwe ndinanena pa YBOP (kuti meth ndi cocaine "ndizofanana ndi zolaula"). Dziwani kuti Burgess salumikizana ndi YBOP ndipo sapereka chidule cha YBOP.

Daniel Burgess: Ngakhale ofufuza a BYU akupeza ichi ndichinthu china ndiye "chizolowezi": Kusamvana Kwachipembedzo Kumapangitsa Zoyipa Kukhala Zosagwirizana
https://www.psychologytoday.com/…/religious-conflict…

GARY WILSON: Sanapeze "china chake kupatula chizolowezi". Nayi kusanthula kwanga ndi zomwe kafukufukuyu adapeza: Kutsutsa kwa: "Katundu Wowonongeka: Kuwona Kusuta Zolaula Kuledzera ngati Mkhalapakati Pakati pa Chipembedzo ndi Ubale Nkhawa Zozungulira Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula " (Leonhardt, Willoughby, & Young-Petersen, 2017)

Nawa olemba kafukufukuyu omwe akunena kuti positi ya David Ley ya Psychology Today inafotokoza molakwika kafukufuku wawo - http://www.unskewed.org/thinking-in-black-and-white-a-response-to-the-claim-that-religiosity-cause-the-harms-of-pornography/

Kafukufuku waposachedwa wa Joshua Grubbs wanena kuti kukhulupirira kuti ndinu "wokonda zolaula" sikukugwirizana ndi chipembedzo. Onani nkhaniyi kuti mupeze kufotokozera ndi maulalo a maphunziro onse: Anthu Achipembedzo Amagwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula Zochepa Ndipo Sakhulupiriranso Kuti Ali Oledzera (2017).

Daniel Burgess Komabe, pali umboni wochulukirapo wotsutsa chizolowezi chogonana: “Kujambula Ubongo wa Kuyankha kwa Anthu Pachibwenzi: Zochitika Zaposachedwa ndi Malangizo Amtsogolo” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5711964/

GARY WILSON: Chidulechi si kafukufuku, ndi ndemanga yofotokoza za " zochitika zaposachedwa mu kafukufuku woyesera wa ubongo wa anthu ". Palibe chilichonse m'nyuzipepala chomwe chikunena kuti zolaula kapena chizolowezi chogonana kulibe. Chidule cha pepalalo chokhudza CSB, chomwe chikutsutsana ndi zoyipa za Burgess zokhudzana ndi pepalali:

Chidwi cha sayansi mu chilakolako chofuna kugonana chikuwongolera kwambiri chilakolako chogonana. Maphunziro angapo pogwiritsa ntchito zolaula zokhudzana ndi kugonana asonyeza kuti khalidwe lachiwerewere (kugonana), khalidwe lachiwerewere, kugonana, kapena zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zotsatizana ndi kusintha kwa neural [25-32] ndi ubongo wa m'deralo [33•, 34], makamaka m'madera a chida chofuna kugonana [14•]. Ntchito yowonjezera kugonana yasonyezedwa mu VS [25, 27] komanso amygdala mu amuna omwe amagonana nawo [25, 27, 28], zomwe zimapangitsa kugwirizanitsa kugonana. Izi nthawi zina zimatengedwa kuti zithandizire chizolowezi chogonjetsa kugonana [35]. Maphunziro ena, komabe, anasonyeza kuyanjana pakati pa zochitika za ubongo zochitika ndi ubongo wa hypersexual, kuwonetsa kuchitika kwa zochitika zosiyana zomwe zikuwoneka zosagwirizana ndi chizoloŵezi, monga kuwonongeka kwa kuyankhidwa kapena kusokonezeka maganizo [26, 28-30, 34]. Deta izi sizingagwirizane pokhapokha. Mwachitsanzo, amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha angathe kuchitidwa chidwi ndi kugonana kapena zovuta zowonongeka (zomwe zimakhala zoledzera) komanso mosavuta kutaya chidwi kapena kudzikonda ngati palibe kuthekera koyambitsa kugonana (monga kusintha kwaphunziro). Ndipotu, paradigm mobwerezabwereza kufotokozera zizindikiro zowonetsera zithunzi zolaula kapena mphoto yamtengo wapatali, ntchito yochitidwa mwachinsinsi mu ACC inachepa mofulumira ndi kuwonetsedwa mobwerezabwereza kwa amuna omwe ali ndi hypersexuality-koma chifukwa cha kugonana [26].

(Onani kuti pepalali silinawunikenso maphunziro onse amitsempha yam'mutu a CSB.)

Kumbali inayi, tili ndi ndemanga zenizeni 29 ndi ndemanga, zonse zomwe zimathandizira chitsanzo cha chizolowezi. Mndandanda wa maulalo opita ku mapepala oyambirira, ndi zidutswa: https://www.yourbrainonporn.com/brain-scan-studies-porn-users . Yopangidwanso pansipa:

1) Sayansi ya Zachiwerewere pa Intaneti: Kubwerezabwereza ndi Kusintha ( Love et al. , 2015) . Kubwerezabwereza kwathunthu kwa mabuku a sayansi okhudzana ndi mitundu ya chizolowezi cha intaneti, makamaka pankhani ya chizolowezi cha zolaula pa intaneti. Kubwerezaku kukufotokozanso za maphunziro awiri a EEG odziwika bwino ndi magulu otsogozedwa ndi Nicole Prause (yemwe amanena zabodza kuti zomwe zapezekazo zikukayikitsa chizolowezi cha zolaula). Zidutswa:

Ambiri amadziwa kuti zizolowezi zingapo zomwe zingakhudze mphotho yoyendayenda mu ubongo waumunthu zimayambitsa kutaya mphamvu ndi zizindikiritso zina za chizoloŵezi mwa anthu ena. Ponena za kuledzera kwa intaneti, kafukufuku wamaganizo amatsutsana ndi lingaliro lakuti machitidwe a neural ali ofanana ndi kusokoneza bongo ... Pakati pa ndemanga iyi, timapereka mwachidule mfundo zomwe zimapangidwira kusokoneza bongo ndikupereka mwachidule za kafukufuku wa sayansi pa intaneti ndi vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti. Komanso, tinayang'ana zofalitsa zopezeka m'magazi pa zolaula zolaula pa intaneti ndikugwirizanitsa zotsatirapo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kuwongolera kumatsimikizira kuti kuwonetsa zolaula pa intaneti zikugwirizana ndi chizoloŵezi choledzeretsa ndipo zimagawana njira zofanana ndizo zowonongeka.

2) Kugonana ndi Matenda: Umboni Wowunikira, Kuzindikira, ndi Kuyankha Otsutsa ( Phillips et al. , 2015) , yomwe imapereka tchati chomwe chimalemba zotsutsa zenizeni za chizolowezi cha zolaula/kugonana, ndikupereka mawu otsutsana nawo.

Monga tawonera m'nkhani ino, zomwe anthu ambiri amagonana zokhudzana ndi kugonana sizitheka poyerekeza ndi kayendetsedwe kake pakati pa zaka makumi angapo zapitazi. Pali umboni wochuluka wa sayansi komanso kuthandizira kugonana komanso makhalidwe ena omwe amavomerezedwa kukhala oledzera. Thandizo limeneli likuchokera kuzinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi chiyembekezo chodabwitsa kuti alandire kusintha pamene tikudziwa bwino vutoli. Zaka zambiri za kafufuzidwe ndi zochitika zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo komanso sayansi ya ubongo zimasonyeza njira za ubongo zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Asayansi apeza njira zomwe zimagwiridwa ndi khalidwe lachiwerewere komanso kusiyana pakati pa ubongo wa anthu osokoneza bongo komanso osagwiritsidwa ntchito, osatayika, ngakhale kuti ali ndi khalidwe kapena khalidwe. Komabe, pali kusiyana pakati pa kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ndi kumvetsetsa kwa anthu onse, ndondomeko ya boma, ndi chitukuko cha chithandizo.

3) Chizolowezi cha Kugonana pa Intaneti ( Brand & Laier , 2015) . Zidule:

Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito Intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zolaula. Anthu ena amalephera kuthetsa machitidwe awo pa Intaneti komanso amawauza kuti sangagwiritse ntchito njira zawo zogwiritsira ntchito pa Intaneti ngakhale atakumana ndi mavuto. M'nkhani zam'mbuyo zatsopano, kugwiritsira ntchito pa Intaneti pa Intaneti kumatengedwa ngati mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kafukufuku wina wamakono akufufuzira kufanana pakati pa kugwiritsira ntchito machitidwe a cybersex ndi zizoloŵezi zina za makhalidwe, monga Internet Gaming Disorder. Kukonzekera-kukwaniritsa ndi kukhumba kumaonedwa kuti kumachita mbali yaikulu pa kugonana kwa kugonana ndi kugonana. Komanso, njira zogwirira ntchito za chitukuko ndi kukonzanso kuyanjana kwa cybersex makamaka zimakhudza kukhumudwa pakupanga chisankho ndi ntchito zogwira ntchito. Maphunziro a Neuroimaging amachirikiza kuganiza kwa zochitika zogwirizana pakati pa kugonana kwa ma cybersex ndi zina zoledzera komanso kukhala wodalirika.

4) Neurobiology ya Khalidwe Logonana Lokakamiza: Sayansi Yoyamba ( Kraus et al. , 2016) . Zochepa:

Ngakhale kuti sali m'gulu la DSM-5, khalidwe lochita chiwerewere lachiwerewere (CSB) lingapezedwe ku ICD-10 ngati vuto lodziletsa. Komabe, mkangano ulipo ponena za mtundu wa CSB. Kafukufuku wowonjezera amafunika kuti amvetsetse momwe zigawo zogwirira ntchito zimagwirizanirana ndi zofunikira zogonana monga zotsatira za mankhwala a CSB. Kuika chiwerengero cha CSB monga 'chizolowezi chochita chizoloŵezi cha khalidwe' kungakhale ndi tanthauzo lalikulu pa zoyendetsera ndondomeko, zopewera ndi zachipatala ... .. Kupatsidwa zofanana pakati pa CSB ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zomwe zowonongeka zingakhale ndi lonjezano la CSB, motero zimapereka chidziwitso cha kafukufuku wopita kukafufuza mwayi uwu mwachindunji.

5) Kodi khalidwe logonana lokakamiza liyenera kuonedwa ngati chizolowezi choledzera? ( Kraus et al. , 2016) . Zidule:

Pokhala kumasulidwa kwa DSM-5, vuto lakutchova njuga linakhazikitsidwa ndi mavuto osokoneza bongo. Kusintha kumeneku kunatsutsa zikhulupiliro kuti kuledzera kumachitika mwa kungowonjezera zinthu zomwe zimasintha maganizo ndipo zimakhudza kwambiri njira za ndondomeko, zothandizira ndi zothandizira. Deta imasonyeza kuti kuchita zinthu mopitirira muzochita zina (mwachitsanzo, kusewera, kugonana, kukakamiza kugula) kungagwiritse ntchito zachipatala, zam'thupi, za neurobiological ndi zozizwitsa zomwe zikufanana ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa.

Gawo lina lomwe likusowa kufufuza zambiri limaphatikizapo kulingalira momwe kusintha kwazamakono kungakhudzire makhalidwe a kugonana kwaumunthu. Popeza kuti deta imasonyeza kuti khalidwe la kugonana limathandizidwa kudzera pa intaneti ndi ma foni yamakono, kufufuza kwina kuyenera kulingalira momwe matekinoloje a digito amagwirizanirana ndi CSB (mwachitsanzo, kupanikiza maliseche kumalo oonera zolaula pa Intaneti kapena kugonana) komanso kuchita nawo zolaula zowononga (mwachitsanzo, kugonana kosakwatirana, ogonana ndi amuna ambiri pa nthawi ina).

Zikuphatikizana zilipo pakati pa CSB ndi matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala. Machitidwe omwe amachititsa kuti matenda a neurotransmitter athe kuthandizira CSB ndi matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala, ndipo kafukufuku wamakono omwe akuchitika posachedwapa akusonyeza kufanana komwe kumakhudzana ndi chilakolako ndi kukonda. Mankhwala ofanana ndi mankhwala ndi psychotherapeutic angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa CSB ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

6) Maziko a Neurobiological a Hypersexuality ( Kuhn & Gallinat , 2016) . Zidule:

Zizolowezi za makhalidwe komanso makamaka kugonana kwabwino ziyenera kutikumbutsa kuti khalidwe lachiwerewere limadalira moyo wathu wachilengedwe. Kugonana ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri populumuka zamoyo chifukwa ndi njira yoberekera. Choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti kugonana kumaonedwa kuti kosangalatsa komanso kulipindulitsa, ndipo ngakhale kuti zingakhale zosokoneza panthawi yomwe kugonana kungayambidwe mwa njira yoopsa komanso yopanda phindu, nthendayi yokhala ndi chizoloŵezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ingakhale yofunikira kwambiri Cholinga chachikulu chofuna anthu .... Kuphatikizidwa pamodzi, zikuoneka kuti umboniwu umatanthauza kuti kusintha kwapadera, amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, septum, ndi ubongo zomwe zimapanga mphoto zimathandiza kwambiri pa chiwerewere. Kafukufuku wa mafupa ndi njira za njira zachipatala zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa zimasonyeza kuti dopaminergic imagwira ntchito.

7) Khalidwe Logonana Lokakamiza Monga Chizolowezi Cha Khalidwe: Zotsatira za Intaneti ndi Nkhani Zina ( Griffiths, 2016) . Zidule:

Ndayesetsa kufufuza njira zamakono zosiyana siyana (kutchova njuga, kujambula mavidiyo, kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kugonana, ntchito, ndi zina zotero) ndipo ndatsutsa kuti njira zina zovuta zogonana zingatchulidwe monga chizolowezi chogonana, malinga ndi malingaliro oledzera ogwiritsidwa ntchito ....

Kaya vuto la chiwerewere limakhala ngati chilakolako chogonana (CSB), chizoloŵezi chogonana ndi / kapena vuto la hypersexual, palinso masauzande ambiri opatsirana maganizo padziko lonse lapansi amene amachititsa mavuto oterowo. Chifukwa chake, umboni wothandiza anthu omwe akuthandiza ndi kuwachitira anthu oyenerawo ayenera kupatsidwa ulemu wambiri ndi anthu odwala matenda a maganizo ....

Mosakayikira chitukuko chofunikira kwambiri m'munda wa CSB komanso chizolowezi chogonana ndi momwe intaneti ikusinthira ndikuwongolera CSB. Izi sizinatchulidwe mpaka gawo lomaliza, komabe kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti (pomwe pali zida zazing'ono) zakhala zikuchitika kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, kuphatikiza zitsanzo za anthu pafupifupi 10 000. M'malo mwake, pakhala kuwunikiridwa kwaposachedwa kwazomwe zakhala zikuchitika pazakugonana pa intaneti komanso chithandizo. Izi zafotokozera zambiri pa intaneti zomwe zitha kuyambitsa ndikulimbikitsa zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi chiwerewere (kupezeka, kuthekera, kusadziwika, mwayi, kuthawa, kudziletsa, etc.).

8) Kufufuza Kumveka Bwino mu Madzi Oda: Zomwe Zidzaganiziridwe M'tsogolo Pogawa Khalidwe Logonana Lokakamiza Ngati Chizolowezi Choledzera ( Kraus et al. , 2016) . Zidule:

Posachedwapa tafufuza umboni wosiyanitsa khalidwe lachiwerewere (CSB) monga chizoloŵezi chosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kuwunika kwathu kunapeza kuti CSB inagwirizana ndi matenda, neurobiological ndi zochitika zofanana ndi matenda ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ....

Ngakhale kuti American Psychiatric Association inakana matenda a hypersexual kuchokera ku DSM-5, matenda a CSB (kugonana kwambiri) akhoza kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ICD-10. CSB ikuyang'aniranso ndi ICD-11, ngakhale kuti kumapeto kwake kulibe umboni. Kafukufuku wamtsogolo ayenera kupitiriza kulimbikitsa chidziwitso ndi kulimbitsa dongosolo lomvetsa bwino CSB ndikumasulira mfundozi kuti zikhale ndi ndondomeko yowonjezereka, kupewa, kupatsirana, komanso njira zamankhwala zochepetsera zotsatira zoipa za CSB.

9) Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti Zimayambitsa Mavuto Ogonana? Ndemanga Yokhala ndi Malipoti a Zachipatala ( Park et al ., 2016) . Ndemanga yozama ya mabuku okhudzana ndi mavuto ogonana omwe amabwera chifukwa cha zolaula. Pophatikiza madokotala 7 a US Navy ndi Gary Wilson, ndemangayi imapereka deta yaposachedwa yomwe ikuwonetsa kukwera kwakukulu kwa mavuto ogonana a achinyamata. Ikuwunikiranso maphunziro a mitsempha okhudzana ndi chizolowezi cha zolaula ndi kugonana kudzera pa zolaula za pa intaneti. Madokotala amapereka malipoti atatu azachipatala a amuna omwe adayambitsa mavuto ogonana omwe amabwera chifukwa cha zolaula. Pepala lachiwiri la 2016 lolembedwa ndi Gary Wilson likufotokoza kufunika kophunzira zotsatira za zolaula poletsa anthu kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula: Kuchotsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti Povumbulutsa Zotsatira Zake (2016) . Zidule:

Zinthu zachikhalidwe zomwe poyamba zinalongosola zovuta za kugonana kwa amuna zimawoneka zosakwanira kuti ziwerengere chifukwa cha kupweteka kwa erectile, kuchedwa kuthamangitsidwa, kuchepetsa kugonana kwachigonjetso, ndi kuchepetsa kukhumudwa pakati pa kugonana pakati pa amuna pansi pa 40. Ndemanga iyi (1) imalingalira deta kuchokera kumadera osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, kuchipatala, matenda (uledzere / urology), maganizo (kugonana), zachikhalidwe; ndipo (2) imapereka malipoti okhudzana ndi zachipatala, onse ndi cholinga chopangira njira yothetsera kafukufuku wamtsogolo. Kusinthika kwa kayendedwe ka ubongo kumafufuzidwa ngati njira yothetsera malingaliro okhudzana ndi zolaula. Kuwongosoledwanso kumeneku kumaphatikizaponso umboni wakuti zolaula za pa Intaneti zimakhala zopanda malire (zopanda malire, zomwe zingatheke kuti zikhale zosavuta kwambiri kupita ku zinthu zoopsa, mavidiyo, ndi zina zotero) zingakhale zamphamvu zokwanira kuti zigonere ku zolaula za pa Intaneti zimagwiritsa ntchito zomwe sizikusinthika mosavuta -wothandizana ndi anthu, kuti kugonana ndi anthu omwe akufuna kuti akhale nawo angakhale osakonzekera monga momwe akuyembekezerekera ndi kuchepa. Mapulogalamu am'chipatala amasonyeza kuti kuwonetsa zithunzi zolaula pa Intaneti nthawi zina kumathandiza kuthetsa zotsatira zoipa, poyesa kufunika kwa kufufuzidwa kwakukulu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zimayambitsa kuchotsa zolaula zosawerengeka za intaneti.

3.4. Mafilimu Okhudzana ndi Mafilimu Okhudza Zithunzi Zolaula-Mavuto Okhudza Kugonana: Timaganiza kuti zolaula-zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto okhudza kugonana zimaphatikizapo kukhumudwa komanso kusakhudzidwa muchitidwe cha ubongo [72, 129] ndi neural correlates ya aliyense, kapena zonsezi, zapezeka mu kafukufuku waposachedwapa pa oonera zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti [31, 48, 52, 53, 54, 86, 113, 114, 115, 120, 121, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134].

10) Kuphatikiza Maganizo a Zamaganizo ndi Zamaganizo Okhudza Kukula ndi Kusunga Matenda Enaake Ogwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti: Kuyanjana kwa Chitsanzo cha Munthu ndi Kukhudzidwa ndi Kuzindikira ( Brand et al. , 2016) . Kuwunikanso njira zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko ndi kusunga matenda enaake ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti, kuphatikizapo "vuto loonera zolaula pa intaneti". Olembawo akuti chizolowezi choonera zolaula (ndi chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti) ziyenera kugawidwa ngati matenda ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti ndikuyikidwa pamodzi ndi zizolowezi zina zamakhalidwe pansi pa matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ngati makhalidwe osokoneza bongo.

Ngakhale kuti DSM-5 imayang'ana pa maseŵera a pa intaneti, olemba ambiri amasonyeza kuti anthu ofunafuna chithandizo angagwiritsenso ntchito ma intaneti ena kapena malo addictively ....

Kuchokera mu kafukufuku wamakono, tikupempha kuti tigwiritse ntchito mavuto a intaneti pa ICD-11 yomwe ikubwera. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kuposa vuto la intaneti, masewera ena amagwiritsidwanso ntchito movuta. Njira imodzi ingaphatikizepo kutsegula nthawi yowonongeka kwa intaneti, yomwe imatha kufotokozedwa poganizira ntchito yoyamba yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito (mwachitsanzo, vuto la masewera a pa intaneti, vuto la kutchova njuga pa intaneti, zolaula pa Intaneti, kugwiritsa ntchito matenda, Kusokoneza mauthenga pa intaneti, ndi kugula malonda pa intaneti).

11) Neurobiology ya Chizolowezi Chogonana: Mutu wochokera ku Neurobiology ya Zizolowezi Zoledzeretsa, Oxford Press ( Hilton et al., 2016) - Zolemba:

Timakumbukira chifukwa cha chizoloŵezi cha matenda ozunguza bongo, kuphatikizapo chizoloŵezi chachilengedwe kapena kukakamizidwa, ndikukambirana momwe izi zikukhudzira kumvetsa kwathu tsopano za kugonana monga mphotho yachilengedwe yomwe ingakhale yogwira ntchito "yosamvetseka" pamoyo wa munthu.

Zikuwonekeratu kuti kutanthauzira kwatsopano ndi kumvetsetsa kwa chizolowezi chakumwa kwasintha chifukwa cha kulowetsedwa kwa chidziwitso chokhudza momwe ubongo umaphunzirira ndi zikhumbo. Ngakhale kuti kugonana kwapadera kunkafotokozedwa kale motsatira ndondomeko ya makhalidwe, tsopano ndikuwonanso kudzera mu lens of neuromodulation. Anthu omwe sangathe kumvetsetsa mfundozi akhoza kupitirizabe kugwirizana ndi maganizo awo, koma iwo omwe amatha kumvetsa khalidwe la biology, paradigm yatsopanoyi imapereka tanthawuzo lophatikizana ndi lothandiza la kugonana komwe kumalongosola onse asayansi ndi chipatala.

12) Njira Zasayansi Zothetsera Kukonda Zolaula Pa Intaneti ( Stark & Klucken , 2017) - Zolemba:

Kupezeka kwa zolaula kwakula kwambiri ndi chitukuko cha intaneti. Chifukwa cha izi, abambo amapempha chithandizo nthawi zambiri chifukwa chakuti zolaula zawo mofulumira sizitha kulamulira; Mwachitsanzo, iwo sangathe kuima kapena kuchepetsa khalidwe lawo lovuta ngakhale kuti akukumana ndi zotsatira zoipa .... Zaka makumi awiri zapitazo, maphunziro angapo omwe ali ndi mapulogalamu a sayansi, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti afufuze zithunzi za zithunzi zolaula pansi pa zochitika zowonongeka ndipo zithunzi zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa cha zotsatira zammbuyo, kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula mochuluka kungagwirizane ndi njira zodziŵika bwino za sayansi ya ubongo zomwe zimayambitsa kulumikiza kwa mankhwala oledzera.

Pomalizira, tinalongosola mwachidule maphunzirowo, omwe adafufuzira za kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula zolaula pamtundu wa neural. Ngakhale kuti palibe kafukufuku wa nthawi yayitali, ndizomveka kuti zomwe zimaoneka mwa amuna omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chogonana ndi zotsatira sizingayambitse kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula. Zambiri mwa maphunzirowa zimapereka mphamvu zowonongeka mu dera la mphoto zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwa anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuposa zomwe zikulamulidwa, zomwe zikuwonetsa zochitika zowonongeka ndi mankhwala. Zotsatira zokhudzana ndi kugwirizanitsa zolaula zomwe zimakhala zochepa pazochitika ndi zolaula zingathe kumasuliridwa ngati chizindikiro cha kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso cha khalidwe lachiwerewere.

13) Kodi khalidwe logonana mopitirira muyeso ndi vuto loledzera? ( Potenza et al. , 2017) – Zidule:

Matenda osokoneza bongo (ogwiritsidwa ntchito monga vuto la hypersexual) ankaonedwa kuti alowetsedwa mu DSM-5 koma pamapeto pake sanatulukidwe, ngakhale kuti anali ndi mayeso oyenerera ndi kuyesedwa. Kulekerera kumeneku kwaletsa kuletsa, kufufuza, ndi kuyesa, ndikusiya asing'anga opanda chidziwitso chothetsera vuto la chiwerewere.

Kafufuzidwe kafukufuku wa matenda a kugonana kwa chizolowezi chogonana ndi chilakolako cha kugonana kwachititsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zokhudzana ndi chilakolako chodziwika bwino, zolimbikitsana, komanso ubongo wokhudzana ndi ubongo zomwe zimaphatikizapo zofanana ndi kuledzeretsa. Matenda osokoneza bongo akuyendetsedwa ngati matenda odziletsa ku ICD-11, mogwirizana ndi malingaliro omwe akufuna kukhala nawo, akupitirizabe kuchita nawo kanthu ngakhale kuti zotsatira zake sizingatheke, kukakamizidwa, komanso kuchepetsa kuchepa kumaimira zinthu zazikulu zokhudzana ndi vutoli. Lingaliro limeneli liyenera kukhala loyenera kwa matenda ena a DSM-IV, omwe amatha kutchova njuga. Komabe, zidazi akhala akudziwika kuti ndizovuta kuzilandira, ndipo kusintha kwa DSM-IV kupita ku DSM-5, gulu la Impulse Control Disorders Alibe Pakati Pang'ono Padziko lapansi linasinthidwa, ndipo kutchova njuga kumatchulidwanso kuti ndikutsekemera. Pakalipano, tsamba la ICD-11 lolemba mapepala limatchula mavuto odziteteza, ndipo imaphatikizapo matenda osokoneza bongo, pyromania, kleptomania, ndi matenda osokoneza bongo.

Matenda opatsirana okhudzana ndi kugonana akuwoneka kuti akugwirizana bwino ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe akuperekedwa kwa ICD-11, mogwirizana ndi nthawi yochepetsera kugonana yomwe ikufunidwa pofuna kusokoneza vuto la kugonana pa tsamba la ICD-11. Timakhulupirira kuti chiwerengero cha matenda okhudzana ndi kugonana monga matenda ozunguza bongo akugwirizana ndi deta yam'tsogolo ndipo akhoza kuthandiza madokotala, ochita kafukufuku, komanso anthu omwe akuvutika ndi matendawa.

14) Neurobiology ya Kusuta Zolaula - Ndemanga yachipatala ( De Sousa & Lodha , 2017) - Zolemba:

Kuwunika kumayang'ana koyambirira pa zoyenera zokhudzana ndi matenda a ubongo ndi dera lopindulitsa komanso zochitika zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vuto lililonse. Chotsatiracho chimasinthira ku zolaula zolaula ndi maphunziro omwe amachitika pa matenda a ubongo wa mkhalidwewo. Udindo wa dopamine mu zolaula zolaula umawerengedwa pamodzi ndi udindo wa ziwalo zina za ubongo monga momwe zikuwonetsedwera pa maphunziro a MRI. Maphunziro a FMRI okhudzana ndi kugonana kwachiwonetsero akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti aphunzire za sayansi yotsalira ntchito zowonongeka komanso zomwe zafukufukuwa zikufotokozedwa. Zotsatira za chizoloŵezi cholaula zolaula pazochita zapamwamba zoganizira komanso ntchito yoyendetsera ntchito ikugogomezedwanso.

Zonsezi, zida za 59 zinazindikiranso zomwe zinaphatikizapo ndemanga, ndemanga za mini ndi zolemba zoyambirira zofufuza pa zolaula, kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso matenda a ubongo. Mapepala a kafukufuku omwe anawongosoledwa apa anali okhudzana ndi zomwe zinawonekera kuti zikhale zovuta zolaula. Tinaphatikizapo maphunziro omwe anali ndi kukula kwakukulu kwazitsanzo ndi njira zogwira ntchito ndi kufufuza koyenera. Panali maphunziro ena ndi ocheperapo ophunzira, zochitika zowonjezera, malipoti a nkhani ndi maphunziro apamwamba omwe adawerengedwanso pa pepala ili. Olemba onsewo adayang'ana mapepala onse ndi omwe ali ofunikira kwambiri adasankhidwa kuti apindule. Izi zinaonjezeredwa ndi zochitika zachipatala za olemba omwe amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse ndi odwala kumene kuwonetsa zolaula ndi kuwona ndi chizindikiro chowopsya. Olembawo ali ndi zochitika za psychotherapeutic ndi odwala awa omwe awonjezera phindu la kumvetsa kwa ubongo.

15) Umboni wa Pudding Uli mu Kulawa: Deta Ikufunika Poyesa Zitsanzo ndi Malingaliro Okhudzana ndi Makhalidwe Ogonana Okakamiza ( Gola & Potenza , 2018) - Zidule:

Monga tafotokozera kwina (Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016a ), pali kuchuluka kwa mabuku ofalitsidwa pa CSB, kufika pa 11,400 mu 2015. Komabe, mafunso ofunikira okhudza lingaliro la CSB sanayankhidwebe (Potenza, Gola, Voon, Kor, & Kraus, 2017 ). Zingakhale zofunikira kuganizira momwe DSM ndi International Classification of Diseases (ICD) zimagwirira ntchito ponena za njira zofotokozera ndi kugawa magulu. Pochita izi, tikuganiza kuti ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kwambiri pa vuto la kutchova juga (lomwe limadziwikanso kuti pathological gambling) ndi momwe linaganiziridwira mu DSM-IV ndi DSM-5 (komanso mu ICD-10 ndi ICD-11 yomwe ikubwera). Mu DSM-IV, kutchova juga kwa matenda kunagawidwa ngati "Impulse-Control Disorder Not Everywhere Classified." Mu DSM-5, linasinthidwa kukhala "Substance-Related and Addictive Disorder."…. Njira yofananayo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa CSB, yomwe pakadali pano ikuganiziridwa kuti iphatikizidwe ngati vuto lolamulira kusokonezeka kwa ICD-11 (Grant et al., 2014 ; Kraus et al., 2018 )….

Pakati pa madera omwe angasonyeze kufanana pakati pa CSB ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndi maphunziro okhudza ubongo, ndipo maphunziro angapo aposachedwa sanatchulidwe ndi Walton et al. ( 2017 ). Maphunziro oyamba nthawi zambiri ankafufuza CSB ponena za mitundu ya chizolowezi (yowunikidwa mu Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016b ; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016b ). Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino—chiphunzitso cha kulimbikitsira (Robinson & Berridge, 1993 )—chimati mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chizolowezi, zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika zimatha kukhala ndi mphamvu zolimbikitsira ndikuyambitsa chilakolako. Machitidwe oterewa angagwirizane ndi kuyambitsa kwa madera a ubongo omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kukonza mphotho, kuphatikizapo ventral striatum. Ntchito zowunikira momwe zinthu zimachitikira komanso momwe zinthu zimachitikira zingasinthidwe kuti zifufuze kufunikira kwa zizindikiro (monga ndalama poyerekeza ndi zachiwerewere) kwa magulu enaake (Sescousse, Barbalat, Domenech, & Dreher, 2013 ), ndipo posachedwapa tagwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi kuti tiphunzire chitsanzo chachipatala (Gola et al., 2017 ). Tapeza kuti anthu omwe akufuna chithandizo cha zolaula zovuta amagwiritsa ntchito komanso kudziseweretsa maliseche, poyerekeza ndi anthu ofanana (ndi zaka, jenda, ndalama, chipembedzo, kuchuluka kwa kugonana ndi okondedwa awo, kukonda kugonana) anthu olamulira bwino, adawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya ventral striatal pazizindikiro za mphotho zachiwerewere, koma osati mphotho zogwirizana ndi izi komanso osati ndalama ndi mphotho. Kachitidwe kameneka ka ubongo kakugwirizana ndi chiphunzitso cha chilimbikitso ndipo kakusonyeza kuti chinthu chofunikira cha CSB chingaphatikizepo kuyanjana kwa zizindikiro kapena chilakolako choyambitsidwa ndi zizindikiro zoyamba zokhudzana ndi kugonana ndi zolimbikitsa zogonana. Deta yowonjezera ikusonyeza kuti ma circuits ena a ubongo ndi njira zake zitha kukhala ndi gawo mu CSB, ndipo izi zitha kuphatikizapo anterior cingulate, hippocampus ndi amygdala (Banca et al., 2016 ; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016 ; Voon et al., 2014 ). Pakati pa izi, taganiza kuti dera lowonjezera la amygdala lomwe limakhudzana ndi reactivity yayikulu ya ziwopsezo ndi nkhawa lingakhale lofunika kwambiri pazachipatala (Gola, Miyakoshi, & Sescousse, 2015 ; Gola & Potenza, 2016 ) kutengera zomwe zapezeka kuti anthu ena a CSB ali ndi nkhawa yayikulu (Gola et al., 2017 ) ndi zizindikiro za CSB zitha kuchepetsedwa limodzi ndi kuchepa kwa mankhwala mu nkhawa (Gola & Potenza, 2016 )…

16) Kulimbikitsa maphunziro, magulu, chithandizo, ndi ndondomeko Ndemanga pa: Matenda okakamiza kugonana mu ICD-11 ( Kraus et al ., 2018) - Buku lothandizira matenda padziko lonse lapansi, The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), lili ndi matenda atsopano oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula: "Matenda Okakamiza Kugonana ." Zidule:

Kwa anthu ambiri omwe amakumana ndi zovuta kapena kulephera kosalekeza poletsa zilakolako zakugonana kapena zilakolako zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azichita zinthu zogonana zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuvutika kapena kufooka kwakukulu m'magawo awo, m'banja, pagulu, pamaphunziro, pantchito, kapena m'malo ena ofunikira pakugwira ntchito, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutchula ndikuzindikira vuto lawo. Ndikofunikiranso kuti opereka chithandizo (monga madokotala ndi alangizi) omwe anthu angapemphe thandizo kwa iwo azidziwa bwino ma CSB. Pa maphunziro athu okhudzana ndi anthu opitilira 3,000 omwe akufuna chithandizo cha CSB, takhala tikumva kuti anthu omwe akuvutika ndi CSB amakumana ndi zopinga zambiri akamafunafuna thandizo kapena akamakumana ndi asing'anga ( Dhuffar & Griffiths, 2016 ). Odwala amanena kuti asing'anga angapewe nkhaniyi, kunena kuti mavuto oterewa kulibe, kapena kunena kuti munthu ali ndi chilakolako chachikulu chogonana, ndipo ayenera kuvomereza m'malo mochiza (ngakhale kuti kwa anthu awa, ma CSB angamve ngati akunyada ndipo amabweretsa zotsatirapo zoipa zambiri). Tikukhulupirira kuti njira zodziwika bwino za matenda a CSB zidzalimbikitsa khama la maphunziro kuphatikizapo kupanga mapulogalamu ophunzitsira momwe angayesere ndikuchiritsira anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda a CSB. Tikukhulupirira kuti mapulogalamu oterewa adzakhala gawo la maphunziro azachipatala kwa akatswiri a zamaganizo, akatswiri a zamaganizo, ndi ena opereka chithandizo chamankhwala amisala, komanso opereka chithandizo china kuphatikizapo opereka chithandizo choyamba, monga madokotala wamba.

Mafunso oyambira okhudza momwe angaganizire bwino matenda a CSB ndikupereka chithandizo chogwira mtima ayenera kuyankhidwa. Lingaliro lamakono logawa matenda a CSB ngati matenda oletsa kutengeka ndi lotsutsana chifukwa mitundu ina yaperekedwa ( Kor, Fogel, Reid, & Potenza, 2013 ). Pali deta yomwe ikusonyeza kuti CSB imagawana zinthu zambiri ndi zizolowezi ( Kraus et al., 2016 ), kuphatikizapo deta yaposachedwa yomwe ikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa reactivity ya madera a ubongo okhudzana ndi mphotho poyankha zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi zolimbikitsa zachiwerewere ( Brand, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016 ; Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016 ; Gola et al., 2017 ; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016 ; Voon et al., 2014 ). Kuphatikiza apo, deta yoyambirira ikusonyeza kuti naltrexone, mankhwala omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda obwera chifukwa cha mowa ndi opioid, angathandize pochiza ma CSB ( Kraus, Meshberg-Cohen, Martino, Quinones, & Potenza, 2015 ; Raymond, Grant, & Coleman, 2010 ). Ponena za gulu la matenda a CSB lomwe likuperekedwa ngati vuto lolamulira malingaliro, pali deta yomwe ikusonyeza kuti anthu omwe akufuna chithandizo cha mtundu umodzi wa matenda a CSB, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta, samasiyana pankhani ya kulakalaka kuchokera kwa anthu ambiri. M'malo mwake amawonetsedwa ndi nkhawa yowonjezereka ( Gola, Miyakoshi, & Sescousse, 2015 ; Gola et al., 2017 ), ndipo chithandizo chamankhwala chokhudzana ndi zizindikiro za nkhawa chingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro zina za CSB ( Gola & Potenza, 2016 ). Ngakhale kuti sizingatheke kupeza mfundo zenizeni zokhudzana ndi kugawa magulu, deta yambiri ikuwoneka kuti ikuchirikiza kugawa magulu ngati vuto loledzera poyerekeza ndi vuto lolamulira malingaliro ( Kraus et al., 2016 ), ndipo kafukufuku wowonjezereka akufunika kuti aunike ubale ndi matenda ena amisala ( Potenza et al., 2017 ).

17) Khalidwe Logonana Lokakamiza mwa Anthu ndi Zitsanzo Zoyambirira (2018) - Zolemba:

Khalidwe lachiwerewere lachiwerewere (CSB) likuwoneka kuti ndi "khalidwe loledzera," ndipo ndilo vuto lalikulu kwa moyo wa umoyo komanso thanzi labwino. Komabe, CSB yachedwa kuchepetsedwa ngati matenda opatsirana. CSB imakhala yovuta kwambiri ndi matenda opatsirana komanso mavuto osokoneza bongo, ndipo kafukufuku wamakono akusonyeza kuti matenda a neural pathologies ndi ogawanirana kapena ophatikizana, makamaka m'madera a ubongo omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azikhala olimbikitsana komanso oletsa kulamulira. Maphunziro a kachipatala akuyang'anitsitsa akutsatiridwa omwe atha kusintha kayendedwe kake ndi / kapena ntchito ku prefrontal cortex, amygdala, striatum, ndi thalamus mwa anthu omwe akudwala CSB. Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha maphunziro a CSB pa makoswe amphongo akukambidwa ndikupanga ndondomeko ya chiwopsezo kuti ayesetse kufunafuna khalidwe la chiwerewere ngakhale kuti zotsatira zake siziwoneka bwino.

Chifukwa chakuti CSB imagawana makhalidwe ndi zovuta zina, kuphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuyerekezera kwa masewero a CSB, ndi maphunziro osokoneza bongo, zingakhale zothandiza kuzindikira kuti anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zoonadi, kafukufuku wambiri wasonyeza njira zofanana zogwiritsira ntchito maukonde ndi zogwirizanitsa mkati mwazitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku CSB komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo [87-89].

Pomalizira, ndemangayi inafotokozera mwachidule maphunziro ndi zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu pa CSB komanso kusokonezeka ndi mavuto ena, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pamodzi, kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti CSB imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kogwiritsidwa ntchito kogwiritsidwa ntchito kogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amygdala, striatum, ndi thalamus, kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa kugwirizana pakati pa amygdala ndi prefrontal cortex. Komanso, chitsanzo choyenera cha CSB mu makoswe aamuna chidafotokozedwa, kuphatikizapo umboni watsopano wa kusintha kwa neural mu mPFC ndi OFC zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kutayika koletsa kugonana. Chitsanzo chokhazikikachi chimapereka mpata wapadera woyesera malingaliro ofunikira kuti azindikire zowonongeka ndi zifukwa zenizeni za CSB ndi kuyanjana ndi mavuto ena.

18) Mavuto Okhudzana ndi Kugonana mu Nthawi ya Intaneti (2018) - Chidule:

Chilakolako chakugonana, kuchepa kwa kugonana, komanso kuwonongeka kwa erectile (ED) kumafala kwambiri kwa achinyamata. Mu phunziro la Italy kuchokera ku 2013, mpaka ku 25% mwa maphunziro omwe akukumana ndi ED anali pansi pa zaka 40 [1], komanso mu kafukufuku wofanana wofalitsidwa mu 2014, oposa theka la amuna achikulire a ku Canada pakati pa zaka za 16 ndi 21 anadwala matenda ena opatsirana pogonana [2]. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kufalikira kwa miyoyo yoipa yokhudzana ndi organic ED sikunasinthe kwambiri kapena kuchepa kwa zaka makumi anayi, kutanthauza kuti EDG yokhala ndi matenda a psychogenic ikukwera [3]. DSM-IV-TR imalongosola makhalidwe ena omwe ali ndi hedonic, monga njuga, kugula, khalidwe la kugonana, kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, ndi masewera a masewera a pakompyuta, monga "kusokoneza maganizo kwapadera osati kwina kulikonse" -ngakhale izi zimatchulidwa kuti zizoloŵezi zowonongeka [4 ]. Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wanena kuti khalidwe lachizoloŵezi chogonana ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi kugonana: kusintha kwa njira zokhudzana ndi kugonana komwe kungakhudzidwe ndi kugonana kungakhale chifukwa cha kubwereza mobwerezabwereza, kopambana.

Pakati pa zizoloŵezi zoipa, kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti molakwika ndi kuwonetsa zolaula pa Intaneti zimatchulidwa kuti zingakhale zovuta zowononga kugonana, nthawi zambiri popanda malire enieni pakati pa zochitika ziwirizi. Ogwiritsa ntchito pa Intaneti amakopeka ndi zolaula pa intaneti chifukwa cha kudziwika kwake, kukwanitsa, ndi kukwaniritsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kungapangitse owerenga kugwiritsa ntchito chizoloŵezi cha kugonana ndi anthu pa Intaneti: M'mabuku amenewa, ogwiritsa ntchito amaiwala kwambiri "kusintha" kwa kugonana, kupeza chisangalalo chochulukira pa zosankha zofuna kugonana zofuna kugonana kusiyana ndi kugonana.

M'mabuku, ofufuza sagwirizana ndi ntchito zabwino ndi zoipa zolaula pa Intaneti. Kuchokera kumbali yolakwika, imayimira chikonzero chachikulu cha khalidwe lachinyengo, chizoloŵezi chogonana, komanso erectile dysfunction.

19) Njira zodziwira matenda amisala mu vuto la khalidwe logonana mokakamiza (2018) - Zolemba:

Pakadali pano, kafukufuku wochuluka wokhudzana ndi chiwerewere wakhala akupereka njira zowonongeka zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu azigonana komanso asamadwale. Mchitidwe wogonana mwachinyengo umagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa ntchito m'madera a ubongo ndi magulu okhudzidwa ndi kuwalimbikitsa, kuzoloŵera, kusokoneza maganizo, ndi kupindula mphoto muzochitika ngati zinthu, kutchova juga, ndi zizoloŵezi zosewera. Zigawo zazikulu za ubongo zogwirizana ndi zigawo za CSB zikuphatikizapo ma cortices oyang'anizana ndi am'mbuyo, amygdala, ndi striatum, kuphatikizapo nucleus accumbens.

CSBD yaphatikizidwa mu mtundu waposachedwa wa ICD-11 ngati vuto lolamulira zinthu zosafunikira [39]. Monga momwe bungwe la WHO linafotokozera, 'Matenda olamulira zinthu zosafunikira amadziwika ndi kulephera mobwerezabwereza kukana chilakolako, chilakolako, kapena chilakolako chochita chinthu chomwe chimapindulitsa munthuyo, osachepera kwakanthawi kochepa, ngakhale zotsatira zake monga kuvulaza munthuyo kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kwa ena, kuvutika maganizo chifukwa cha khalidwe lake, kapena kuwonongeka kwakukulu m'mabanja, m'magulu, m'maphunziro, kuntchito, kapena m'magawo ena ofunikira pantchito' [39]. Zomwe zapezeka pano zikubweretsa mafunso ofunikira okhudza kugawa kwa CSBD. Matenda ambiri omwe amadziwika ndi kulephera kulamulira zinthu zosafunikira amagawidwa kwina mu ICD-11 (mwachitsanzo, kutchova juga, masewera, ndi matenda ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagawidwa ngati matenda osokoneza bongo) [123].

20) Kumvetsetsa Kwatsopano kwa Sayansi ya Khalidwe la Matenda Okhudzana ndi Kugonana ndi Mavuto Okhudzana ndi Kugonana (2018) - Zolemba:

Kafukufuku wam'mbuyo posachedwapa wavumbula kuti kugonana kosayenera kumagwirizanitsa ndi kusintha kwa kugonana ndi kusiyana kwa ubongo ndi ntchito.

Zomwe taphunzira mwachidule muzowonjezera zathu zimaphatikizapo zofanana ndi zizoloŵezi zokhudzana ndi khalidwe ndi zakuthupi, zomwe zimagawana zambiri zolakwika zomwe zapezeka kwa CSBD (monga momwe zikuwonzedwera mu [127]). Ngakhale kuti silingathe kufotokozedwa ndi lipoti laposachedwapa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi khalidwe lachikhalidwe amadziwika ndi kusintha kwachidwi komwe kumawongolera mwachindunji, zoyenera kuchita, ndi zokhudzana ndi matenda a ubongo (zochitika mwachidule ndi ndemanga: [128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133]; mowa: [134, 135]; cocaine: [136, 137]; fodya: [138, 139]; njuga: [140, 141]; masewera: [142, 143]). Zotsatira zokhudzana ndi kugwirizanitsa ntchito zogwirira ntchito zimasonyeza kufanana pakati pa CSBD ndi zina zoledzeretsa [144, 145].

Ngakhale kuti maphunziro ofufuza a khungu la CSBD akhala akuchitidwa mpaka pano, deta yomwe ilipo imasonyeza kuti vuto la nthenda ya sayansi limagwirizana nawo ndi zina zowonjezera monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi kutchova njuga. Motero, deta yomwe ilipo ikusonyeza kuti zigawo zake zingakhale zoyenera monga chizolowezi chogonana m'malo mwa vuto lodziletsa.

21) Kubwerezabwereza kwa Ventral Striatal mu Machitidwe Ogonana Okakamiza (2018) - Zolemba:

Makhalidwe Ogonana Okakamiza (CSB) ndi chifukwa chofunafuna chithandizo. Popeza izi ndi zoona, chiwerengero cha maphunziro pa CSB chawonjezeka kwambiri m'zaka khumi zapitazi ndipo Bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO) linaphatikizapo CSB mu lingaliro lake la ICD-11 yomwe ikubwera…… Malinga ndi malingaliro athu, ndikofunikira kufufuza ngati CSB ingasiyanitsidwe m'magulu awiri omwe amadziwika ndi: (1) machitidwe ogonana olamulira anthu, ndi (2) machitidwe olamulira ogonana okhaokha komanso kuonera zolaula ( 48 , 49 ).

Kuchuluka kwa maphunziro omwe alipo pa CSB (ndi anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi) kukuchulukirachulukira. Pakati pa maphunziro omwe alipo pano, tidatha kupeza zofalitsa zisanu ndi zinayi (Gome 1 ) zomwe zidagwiritsa ntchito kujambula kwa maginito ogwirira ntchito. Zinayi zokha mwa izi ( 36-39 ) zidafufuza mwachindunji momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito komanso/kapena mphotho zimagwirira ntchito komanso zomwe zapezeka zokhudzana ndi kuyambitsa kwa ventral striatum. Maphunziro atatu akuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa reactivity ya ventral striatal chifukwa cha zinthu zokopa ( 36-39 ) kapena zinthu zomwe zikuneneratu zinthu zokopa ( 36-39 ). Zomwe zapezekazi zikugwirizana ndi Incentive Salience Theory (IST) ( 28 ), imodzi mwa njira zodziwika bwino zomwe zimafotokoza momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito mu chizolowezi. Chithandizo chokhacho cha njira ina yophunzitsira yomwe imaneneratu kuti ventral striatum mu chizolowezi sichimachitika, RDS theory ( 29 , 30 ), imachokera ku kafukufuku wina ( 37 ), pomwe anthu omwe ali ndi CSB adawonetsa kuyambitsidwa kwa ventral striatal kotsika chifukwa cha zinthu zosangalatsa poyerekeza ndi zowongolera.

22) Chizolowezi cha Zolaula Pa intaneti: Zimene Tikudziwa ndi Zimene Sitikudziwa—Ndemanga Yadongosolo (2019) – Zidule:

M'zaka zingapo zapitazo, pakhala pali nkhani zambiri zokhudzana ndi zizoloŵezi za makhalidwe; ena a iwo amaika maganizo pa zolaula zolaula pa intaneti. Komabe, ngakhale kuyesayesa konse, sitidatha kufotokozera pamene kuchita nawo khalidweli kumakhala kovuta. Mavuto amodzimodzi ndi awa: zosokoneza zowonongeka, kufufuza zida zogwiritsira ntchito, kutsutsana ndi nkhaniyi, komanso kuti bungwe limeneli likhoza kuphatikizidwa mkati mwa matenda aakulu (mwachitsanzo, kuledzera) komwe kungakhalepo ndi zizindikiro zosiyana siyana. Zizolowezi za makhalidwe zimapanga malo osaphunzira osadziwika, ndipo kawirikawiri zimakhala zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera: kutaya mphamvu, kuwonongeka, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pangozi. Matenda opatsirana pogonana akugwirizana ndi chitsanzo ichi ndipo angapangidwe ndi zizoloŵezi zingapo za kugonana, monga kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula pa Intaneti (POPU). Zolaula zogwiritsa ntchito pa Intaneti zikuwonjezeka, ndipo zikhoza kukhala zovuta kuwonetsa kuganizira za "katatu A" (kutengeka, kukwanitsa, kudziwika). Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kovuta kumeneku kungakhale ndi zotsatira zovuta pa chitukuko cha kugonana ndi ntchito yogonana, makamaka pakati pa achinyamata.

Monga momwe tikudziwira, kafukufuku wina wam'mbuyomu akuthandizira gululi kukhala chidakwa ndi mawonetseredwe ofunikira ofunikira monga kusokonezeka kwa kugonana ndi kusakhutira kwa kugonana. Ntchito zambiri zomwe zikupezekapo zimachokera ku kafukufuku wofanana ndi wochitidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro owonetsa zithunzi zolaula monga "supranormal stimulus" mofanana ndi chinthu chenichenicho chomwe, kupyolera mukudya, chingayambitse matenda osokoneza bongo. Komabe, malingaliro monga kulekerera ndi kudziletsa sizinakhazikitsidwe mokwanira kuti ziyenera kulemba kuledzeretsa, ndipo motero ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya kafukufuku wamtsogolo. Pakali pano, gulu lachidziwitso lomwe limaphatikizapo khalidwe la kugonana laphatikizidwa ku ICD-11 chifukwa cha zomwe akufunikira panopa, ndipo zitha kukhala zothandiza kuthetsa odwala omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zomwe amapempha madokotala kuti awathandize.

23) Kupezeka ndi chitukuko cha chizolowezi choonera zolaula pa intaneti: zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa munthu kukhala ndi vuto la kugonana, njira zolimbitsa thupi komanso njira zolumikizirana ndi ubongo (2019) - Zolemba:

Kuyamba ndi kukulitsa kwa chizolowezi cha cybersex chili ndi magawo awiri okhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso mawonekedwe othandizira. Choyamba, anthu nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti chifukwa cha zosangalatsa ndi chidwi. Pa siteji iyi, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa intaneti kumapangidwa mozikondweretsa pogonana ndipo Zotsatira zake zimakhala zamakedzana, zimawonjezeranso chidwi cha zochitika zokhudzana ndi cybersex zomwe zimayambitsa kukhumba kwakukulu. Mavuto omwe amakumana nawo payekha amakonzanso chidwi cha zochitika zokhudzana ndi cybersex. Pachigawo chachiwiri, anthu amagwiritsa ntchito cybersex pafupipafupi kukhutiritsa zilakolako zawo zogonana kapena Pazinthu izi, mkati mwazinthu zokhudzana ndi cybersex monga kuyembekezera kwabwino kwa cybersex ndi njira zopirira ngati kuzigwiritsa ntchito kuthana ndi malingaliro osavomerezeka ndizolimbikitsidwa. ndi chizolowezi cha cybersex monga narcissism, kufunafuna chilakolako chogonana, chisangalalo chogonana, kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosagonana kumagwiranso bwino ntchito, pomwe zovuta zaumunthu wamba monga mantha, kudziona wotsika ndi psychopathologies monga kukhumudwa, nkhawa ndizolimbikitsidwa. Zofooka zogwira ntchito zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali pa cybersex. Kuchita kwa mkulu ntchito zoperewera ndi kukhumba kwambiri kumalimbikitsa kukulitsa ndi kukonza Kwa cybersex. Ofufuza omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi zamaubongo makamaka kuphunzirira chizolowezi cha cybersex adapeza kuti zizolowezi za cybersex zimatha kukulira kulakalaka kwamphamvu kwa cybersex ikakumana ndi zilonda zokhudzana ndi cybersex, koma zimamva kucheperachepera komanso zosasangalatsa zikagwiritsa ntchito. Kafukufuku amapereka umboni wa kulakalaka kwambiri komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi zomwe zokhudzana ndi cybersex komanso ntchito yovutikira. Pomaliza, anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chazomwe amalephera kugwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti samatha kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti chifukwa cha chidwi kwambiri pa intaneti komanso zolakwika, koma samva kukhutira ndikamagwiritsa ntchito, ndikufufuza zinthu zolaula zakale kwambiri pa intaneti mtengo wa nthawi yambiri ndi ndalama. Akachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito cybersex kapena atangoisiya, akhoza kuvutika ndi zotsatirapo zingapo zovuta monga kukhumudwa, nkhawa, kusokonekera kwa erection, kusowa kwa chisangalalo chogonana.

24) Malingaliro, kupewa, ndi kuchiza matenda okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula (2019) - Zolemba:

Mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta, aphatikizidwa ku ICD-11 ngati chisokonezo cholamulira chisokonezo. Njira zodziwitsira za matendawa, komabe, ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka chifukwa cha zizolowezi zoipa, mwachitsanzo, zochitika zachiwerewere zobwereza zimakhala gawo lalikulu pamoyo wamunthu, zoyesayesa zopanda pake zakuchepetsa machitidwe abwenzi ogonana ndikupitilizabe kuchita zadama. mukukumana ndi zoyipa (WHO, 2019). Ofufuza ambiri ndi akatswiri azachipatala amanenanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta kumatha kuonedwa ngati chizolowezi chakhalidwe.

Kuchita zofanananso ndi kukhumba kophatikizana ndi kuchepetsedwa kudziwongolera, kuzindikira zodziwika bwino (mwachitsanzo, zizolowezi) ndi kukhutitsidwa ndikulipidwa kogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwawonetsedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Kafukufuku wa Neurosciology amatsimikizira kukhudzidwa kwa magawo omwe amabwera chifukwa cha bongo, kuphatikiza ma ventral striatum ndi mbali zina za fronto-striatal loops, pakukonza ndikuwongolera kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta. Malipoti a milandu ndi kafukufuku wotsimikizira-za malingaliro akuwonetsa kufunikira kwa kulowererapo kwa zamankhwala, mwachitsanzo, opioid antagonist naltrexone, pochiza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito zolaula komanso vuto lokakamiza pa kugonana.

Kulingalira kwa malingaliro ndi umboni wamphamvu kumawonetsa kuti njira zamaganizidwe ndi mitsempha zomwe zimakhudzana ndi zovuta zowonjezereka ndizothandizanso pakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula.

25) Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zithunzi Zolaula Zovuta Zodziona: Chitsanzo Chophatikiza Kuchokera ku Zofunikira Zofufuza ndi Malingaliro Achilengedwe (2019) - Zolemba Zina

Kugwiritsa ntchito mwazovuta zolaula kumawoneka ngati kogwirizana ndi magawo angapo osanthula ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana munyama. Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka mkati mwa RDoC paradigm zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, ndizotheka kupanga mawonekedwe ogwirizana omwe magawo osiyanasiyana a kusanthula amakhudzana wina ndi mzake (mkuyu. 1). Zikuwoneka kuti ma dopamine okwera kwambiri, omwe amapezeka pakachitidwe kwachilengedwe kwa mphotho yokhudzana ndi zochitika zogonana ndi orgasm, amasokoneza kayendedwe ka VTA-NAc mwa anthu omwe anena lipoti la SPPPU. Kuchulukitsa kumeneku kumabweretsa kuyambitsa kwakukulu kwa njira yamalipiro ndikuwonjezereka kwamachitidwe okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, kulimbikitsa njira yothandizira pazinthu zolaula chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa dopamine mu nucleus accumbens.

Kuwonetserabe zolaula zomwe zikuchitika mwachangu komanso zosavuta kuzipeza zikuwoneka kuti kumayambitsa kusamvana mu mesolimbic dopaminergic system. Dopamine yochulukirayi imayambitsa njira zotulutsira GABA, ndikupanga dynorphin ngati chinthu, chomwe chimaletsa ma dopamine neurons. Dopamine ikachepa, acetylcholine imamasulidwa ndipo imatha kubweretsa vuto (Hoebel et al. 2007), ndikupanga mphotho yoyipa yomwe imapezeka mgawo lachiwiri la mitundu ya zosokoneza bongo. Kusiyanaku kumalumikizananso ndikusintha kuchoka ku njira zopewera kupewa, zomwe zimawonedwa ndi anthu omwe amafotokoza zolaula zovuta…. Kusintha uku kwamachitidwe amkati ndi machitidwe pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi SPPPU ndi ofanana ndi omwe amawonedwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto losokoneza bongo, ndipo amalemba mapangidwe azinthu zosokoneza bongo (Love et al. 2015).

26) Chizolowezi cha kugonana pa intaneti: chithunzithunzi cha chitukuko ndi chithandizo cha matenda atsopano (2020) - Zidule:

Kuledzera kwa cybersex ndichizolowezi chosagwirizana ndi zinthu zomwe zimaphatikizapo kugonana pa intaneti. Masiku ano, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi kugonana kapena zolaula zimapezeka mosavuta kudzera pa intaneti. Ku Indonesia, zogonana nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi zolaula koma achinyamata ambiri amakhala ndi zolaula. Zimatha kuyambitsa chizolowezi chokhala ndi zovuta zambiri pa ogwiritsa ntchito, monga maubale, ndalama, komanso mavuto amisala monga nkhawa yayikulu komanso nkhawa.

27) Ndi Mikhalidwe Iti Yomwe Iyenera Kuonedwa Ngati Matenda mu International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) Kutchulidwa kwa "Matenda Ena Odziwika Chifukwa cha Makhalidwe Osokoneza Bongo"? (2020) - Ndemanga ya akatswiri okonda kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula imatsimikiza kuti vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi vuto lomwe liyenera kupezeka ndi gulu la ICD-11 "matenda ena odziwika chifukwa cha machitidwe osokoneza bongo". Mwanjira ina, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mokakamiza kumawoneka ngati zizolowezi zina zodziwika. Zidule:

Matenda okakamiza kugonana, monga momwe aphatikizidwa mu gulu la ICD-11 la matenda oletsa kutengeka maganizo, angaphatikizepo machitidwe osiyanasiyana ogonana kuphatikizapo kuonera zolaula mopitirira muyeso zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto lalikulu lachipatala ( Brand, Blycker, & Potenza, 2019 ; Kraus et al., 2018 ). Kugawika kwa matenda okakamiza kugonana kwakhala kukambidwa ( Derbyshire & Grant, 2015 ), ndipo olemba ena akunena kuti dongosolo la chizolowezi ndiloyenera kwambiri ( Gola & Potenza, 2018 ), zomwe zingakhale choncho makamaka kwa anthu omwe akuvutika makamaka ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula osati ndi machitidwe ena okakamiza kugonana ( Gola, Lewczuk, & Skorko, 2016 ; Kraus, Martino, & Potenza, 2016 ).

Malangizo ozindikira omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera amasewera pazinthu zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azichita zachiwerewere ndipo mwina atha kusintha mwa "kusewera" kukhala "zolaula." Zinthu zitatu izi zapezeka kuti ndizofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula.Mtundu, Blycker, et al., 2019) ndikuwoneka kuti ndioyenereradi lingaliro loyambirira (Chith. 1). Kafukufuku wambiri akuwonetsa kufunikira kwamankhwala (chitsimikizo 1) chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito zisokonezeke m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku kuphatikizapo kusokonezeka kwa ntchito ndi maubale, komanso kulungamitsa chithandizo (Gola & Potenza, 2016; Kraus, Meshberg-Cohen, Martino, Quinones, & Potenza, 2015; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016). M'maphunziro angapo ndi zolemba zowunikira, zitsanzo zochokera muzochita zofufuza zamankhwala (zowonjezera 2) zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze zolemba komanso kufotokoza zotsatira (Mtundu, Antons, Wegmann, & Potenza, 2019; Mtundu, Wegmann, et al., 2019; Brand, Young, et al., 2016; Stark et al., 2017; Wéry, Deleuze, Canada, & Billieux, 2018). Zambiri zodziwonetsa nokha, zomwe zimachitika, ma electrophysiological, ndi maphunziro a neuroimaging zimawonetsa zochitika zamaganizidwe am'munsi komanso zosakanikirana za neural zomwe zimasanthulidwa ndikukhazikitsidwa madigiri osiyanasiyana amisala yosokoneza bongo ndi zovuta zamtundu wa masewera (gawo 3). Makhalidwe omwe adawonetsedwa m'maphunziro am'mbuyomu amaphatikizanso kukonzekera komanso kukhumba komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi zochitika zambiri mu ubongo zokhudzana ndi mphotho, kusamala kwatsoka, kupanga zisankho zosasangalatsa, komanso (zoyipa zenizeni) kudziletsa (mwachitsanzo, Antons & Brand, 2018; Antons, Mueller, et al., 2019; Antons, Trotzke, Wegmann, & Brand, 2019; Bothe et al., 2019; Mtundu, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016; Gola et al., 2017; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016; Kowalewska et al., 2018; Mechelmans et al., 2014; Stark, Klucken, Potenza, Brand, & Strahler, 2018; Voon et al., 2014).

Kutengera ndi umboni womwe waunikiridwa ponena za njira zitatu zomwe zaperekedwa, tikuwonetsa kuti vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi vuto lomwe lingapezeke ndi gulu la ICD-11 "matenda ena omwe atchulidwa chifukwa cha machitidwe osokoneza bongo" kutengera mfundo zitatu zazikulu za vuto la masewera, zomwe zasinthidwa pankhani yowonera zolaula ( Brand, Blycker, et al., 2019 ). Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe sizingaganizire za vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula m'gululi ndichakuti munthuyo amavutika makamaka ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito zolaula (masiku ano zolaula za pa intaneti nthawi zambiri), zomwe sizimatsatiridwa ndi machitidwe ena okakamiza kugonana ( Kraus et al., 2018 ). Kuphatikiza apo, khalidweli liyenera kuonedwa ngati khalidwe losokoneza bongo pokhapokha ngati likugwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito ndikukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku, monga momwe zililinso ndi vuto la masewera ( Billieux et al., 2017 ; World Health Organisation, 2019 ). Komabe, tikuwonanso kuti vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula likhoza kupezeka kuti lili ndi vuto la ICD-11 lomwe likupezeka kuti ndi vuto la khalidwe logonana lokakamiza chifukwa kuonera zolaula komanso machitidwe ogonana omwe amatsatira pafupipafupi (nthawi zambiri maliseche koma mwina zochitika zina zogonana kuphatikiza kugonana ndi anthu okwatirana) zitha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za vuto la khalidwe lokakamiza kugonana ( Kraus & Sweeney, 2019 ). Kuzindikira vuto la khalidwe lokakamiza kugonana kungagwirizane ndi anthu omwe samangogwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso, komanso omwe amavutika ndi machitidwe ena okakamiza kugonana osagwirizana ndi zolaula. Kuzindikira vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ngati vuto lina lodziwika chifukwa cha makhalidwe osokoneza bongo kungakhale kokwanira kwa anthu omwe amavutika ndi kuonera zolaula molakwika (nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi maliseche). Kaya kusiyana pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti ndi pa intaneti kungakhale kothandiza kapena ayi kukukambidwa pakadali pano, komwe kulinso vuto pamasewera apaintaneti/osagwiritsa ntchito intaneti ( Király & Demetrovics, 2017 ).

28) Chizolowezi cha Makhalidwe Ogonana Okakamiza ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula Pa Intaneti Movuta: Ndemanga (2020) - Zidule:

Zotsatira zomwe zikupezeka zikusonyeza kuti pali zinthu zingapo za CSBD ndi POPU zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zizolowezi zosokoneza bongo, ndikuti njira zothandizira pakulimbana ndi zizolowezi zamakhalidwe ndi zosokoneza bongo zimafuna kulingalira zakusinthidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito pothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi CSBD ndi POPU. Ngakhale kulibe mayesero amtundu wa CSBD kapena POPU, opioid antagonists, chidziwitso chazomwe amachita, komanso kulingalira mozama kumawoneka ngati kukuwonetsa lonjezo pamilandu ina.

Nthenda ya neurobiology ya POPU ndi CSBD imakhudza maulalo angapo a neuroanatomical omwe ali ndi zovuta zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, njira zofananira zamitsempha, komanso zosintha zama neurophysiological mu dongosolo la mphotho ya dopamine.

Kafukufuku angapo adatchulapo njira zofananira zamatenda am'mimba pakati pazakugonana ndikukhazikitsa zovuta zina.

Poyerekeza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mopitirira muyeso, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso kumakhudza madera angapo ogwira ntchito, kuwonongeka ndi mavuto.

29) Makhalidwe osayenera ogonana: tanthauzo, zochitika zachipatala, mbiri ya ubongo ndi chithandizo (2020) - Zolemba:

1. Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pakati pa achinyamata, omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri pa intaneti, kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana komanso kutaya msanga msanga, komanso nthawi zina pamavuto azikhalidwe, kukhumudwa, DOC, ndi ADHD [30-32] .

2. Pali kusiyana kooneka bwino pakati pa "omwe amagonana ndi amuna anzawo" ndi "omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula": ngati wakale ali ndi vuto lonyengerera, omalizirawa amadziwika ndi kuyambiranso kwazomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zododometsa ndikupeza mphotho popanda kunyengerera kwa madera amalipiro. Izi zitha kutanthauza kuti ogwira ntchito amafunikira kulumikizana ndi anzawo, pomwe omalizawa amakhala akuchita zinthu zosungulumwa [33,34]. Komanso, ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amawonetsa kusokonekera kwakukulu kwa zinthu zoyera za preortal cortex [35].

3. Zizolowezi zolaula, ngakhale ndizosiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogonana, zimakhalabe machitidwe ena osokoneza bongo ndipo kusokonekera kumeneku kumathandizira kukulira kwa matenda a psychopathological ya munthu, mwachindunji kapena mwanjira inayake yokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa ma neurobiological pamlingo wokhudzidwa kuti ukhale wolimbikitsa wogonana, hypersensitization to zolimbikitsa kukanika kugonana, kuchuluka kwa nkhawa zomwe zimatha kukhudza ma hormonal a pituitary-hypothalamic-adrenal axis komanso kusachita bwino kwa mabwalo oyambira [36].

4. Kulekerera kwakanthawi kogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kunatsimikiziridwa ndi kafukufuku wa fMRI womwe udapeza kupezeka kwa imvi pamalipiro (dorsal striatum) yokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa zolaula zomwe zidadyedwa. Anapezanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitilira muyeso kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa gawo lamalipiro kwinaku mukuwonera mwachidule zithunzi zogonana. Ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti zotsatira zawo zikuwonetsa kukhumudwa komanso mwina kulolerana, zomwe ndizofunikira zolimbikitsanso zambiri kuti zikwaniritse zomwezo. Komanso, zizindikiro za kuthekera kochepa zapezeka mu Putamen m'mitu yodalira zolaula [37].

5. Mosiyana ndi zomwe munthu angaganize, anthu omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula alibe chilakolako chogonana ndipo chizolowezi chogonana chomwe chimakhudzana ndikuwonera zolaula chimachepetsa chikhumbo chomwe chimakondweretsanso kukodzera msanga, popeza mutuwo umakhala womasuka mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Chifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi zolaula zambiri amakonda kuchita zogonana zokha kuposa momwe amachitira ndi munthu weniweni [38,39].

6. Kuyimitsidwa mwadzidzidzi kwa zolaula kumayambitsa zovuta mumisewu, chisangalalo, komanso kukondana komanso kugonana [40,41].

7. Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mozama kumathandizira kuyambika kwamavuto amisala ndi mavuto amgwirizano [42].

8. Ma network a neural omwe amachita zachiwerewere ndi ofanana ndi omwe amachita nawo mphotho zina, kuphatikiza zosokoneza.