Bongo. 2016 Mar;111(3):523-4. doi: 10.1111/add.13244.
Keywords: Akazisment; kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri pakapita nthawi; intaneti; masewera a kanema
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri nthawi yayitali ndikofunikira kuti mavuto azisokoneza; komabe, paokha sikokwanira kukwaniritsa kuyeserera, ngakhale pankhani ya kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kawirikawiri kapena intaneti masewera osokoneza makamaka.
Pakafukufuku waposachedwa, Baggio Et al. [1] adanenanso kuti zida zodzipangira zaumoyo zimavutika ndi zoperewera zambiri, chifukwa chake zingakhale zosadalirika poyesa zovuta zomwe zidawonetsa. Monga njira ina yowerengera, adasanthula ngati kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti / masewera mwakuya kwakanthawi (ngati njira yayikulu) inali njira yoyenera yowerengera kuti iwonso akhale osokoneza bongo. Zotsatira zikuonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mozama nthawi yayitali sikunali koyenera kuwunikira momwe zingakhalire zosokoneza bongo, popeza zinali ndi mgwirizano wocheperako ndi machitidwe osangalatsa komanso kungophatikiza pang'ono chabe ndi magawo osokoneza bongo, kutanthauza kuphatikiza pang'ono pakati pa malingaliro awiriwo .
Tikugwirizana kwathunthu ndikufunika kwavuto lomwe labukitsidwa mu phunziroli. Tsoka ilo, kudzidziwitsa wekha mayeso sikodalirika kuposa momwe kumaganiziridwa. Kuphatikiza pa zovuta zolembedwa ndi Baggio Et al., Kafukufuku waposachedwa adafotokoza kuti ngati pali zovuta zamagulu ochepa (mwachitsanzo, ziwonetsero), zida zowonera mwachidule kapena mwamphamvu kwambiri komanso mwatsatanetsatane zili ndi malingaliro olimbikitsa otsika modabwitsa, kutanthauza kuti ambiri mwa omwe akutsimikiza amatero. osati, kwenikweni, khalani ndi kusokonezeka [2], kutsogoza kuthekera kokulirapo kwa mayendedwe omwe amayeza [3]. Chifukwa chake, kupeza njira zolondola zowunikira pakufufuza kwakukulu kungakhale kopindulitsa.
Kuwunika kulumikizana pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mapepala oyambira asayansi okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri masewera a kanema akufotokozera anyamata achichepere omwe amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti / masewera kwambiri, mpaka pamlingo womwe magwiridwe awo ndi ubale wawo ukuwonongeka. [4, 5]. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kunawoneka kuti ndi komwe kumayambitsa mavuto awo onse. Pambuyo pake, komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndi masewera zidakhala zochitika zazikulu, zofunikira kwambiri pantchito, kuphunzira ndi zosangalatsa, komanso nthawi yayitali yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchitozi idakhala yodziwikiratu. Chifukwa chake, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa lingaliro la kugwiritsidwa ntchito mozama pankhani ya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa intaneti. Ngakhale zochuluka za zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, zikagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, zimakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa komanso zopweteka pamlingo wina, intaneti ndi masewera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitilira muyeso alibe vuto; Kuphatikiza apo, tsopano ndi gawo lofunikira m'miyoyo yathu. Munthu amene amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti ntchito, kulumikizana komanso kusangalala zimawoneka kuti zikugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, koma zenizeni izi ndizofunikira pamoyo wawo ndipo nthawi zambiri sizimachepa (ngakhale kukulitsa) thanzi lonse.
Palibe ochepera, masewera a masewera akhoza kukhala oyenera kuwunika funsoli, chifukwa (i) ndicholunjika, ndipo koposa zonse (ii) amangochita zosangalatsa. Chifukwa chake, ngati muchita zochulukirapo, ndiye kuti masewera ali osokoneza ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Mabuku a masewerawa apereka zokondweretsa zingapo pafunso ili, ngakhale izi sizinatchulidwe mu pepala ndi a Baggio Et al. [1]. Pofika ku 2002, mwachitsanzo, Charlton [6] adapeza kuti zina mwazomwe zimaletsa (monga kulolerana, euphoria ndi chidziwitso chazachilendo) zoperekedwa ndi a Brown [7, 8] zinali zowonetsa kudzipereka kwambiri m'malo moledzera. Powunika kotsatira, Charlton & Danforth [9, 10] ochita masewera osokoneza bongo odziwika bwino kuchokera kwa osewera omwe amakonda kwambiri. Magulu onsewa adasewera nthawi yayitali (ngakhale gulu lokondweretsedwa limasewera kwambiri); komabe, kuledzera kokha komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kusasamala pamachitidwe aumunthu. Mofananamo, Brunborg Et al. [11] adapeza kuti ochita masewera a masewera okha omwe ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chodandaula zaumoyo; Ochita masewera ochita masewera sanachitepo kanthu, ngakhale kuti magulu onse awiri ankasewera molingana. Skoric Et al. [12] adapeza kuti nthawi yomwe amathera kusewera magemu kapena kuchita masewera a kanema siimagwirizanitsidwa ndi maphunziro apamwamba, zongowonera zilizonse. Komanso, kafukufuku wofalitsidwa ndi Griffiths [13] idayang'ana kwathunthu pakufunika kwamalingaliro posiyanitsa masewerawa kwambiri ndi masewera osokoneza bongo. Adapereka milandu yamasewera awiri omwe onse adasewera mpaka maola 14 patsiku. Komabe, potengera kusiyanasiyana kwa zolinga zawo ndi zotsatirapo za zomwe amachita, adati m'modzi wa iwo amawoneka kuti ali osokoneza bongo pomwe winayo amangogwira ntchito. Zotsatira izi zidathandizidwa ndikuwongolera kwakanthawi pakati pamasewera ndi chizolowezi chomwe chidanenedwa m'maphunziro angapo [14-17].
Ponseponse, pali umboni wowonjezereka wosonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pamasewera sichizindikiro chokwanira chazinthu zowonetsa. Kuledzeretsa kumatha kuunikiridwa moyenera ngati zolinga, zotsatirapo komanso mawonekedwe amkhalidwe amakhalanso mbali yaunika.
Chidziwitso cha zofuna
Palibe.
Zothokoza
Ntchito yomwe idalipo idathandizidwa ndi Hungary Science Science Research Fund (manambala a zopereka: K83884 ndi 111938). ZD ivomereza kuthandizira kwachuma kwa János Bolyai Research Fanism yoperekedwa ndi Hungary Academy of Science.
Zothandizira
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