Masanjano amtundu wa pakati pa kanema wamakono ndi masewera a pakompyuta akusewera ndi chida chonyamulira mu gulu la ana (2014)

Zambiri zinasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku 9 mpaka azaka za 18 omwe adafufuzidwa kumtundu wonse pazofufuza zazitali zazitali zitatu. Chiwerengero cha anthu wamba (pafupifupi ovomerezeka, GEE) chovuta kunyamula chida kupita nacho kumwezi watha chikuwoneka ngati ntchito yakuwonetsa zaka zapitazo zachiwawa pamavidiyo, pakompyuta, ndi pamasewera a pa intaneti, komanso kuchita zachiwawa ndi kugonana kwachilengedwa. Zitsanzozi zidaphatikizapo achinyamata omwe anali pachiwopsezo cha kuwonetsedwa (mwachitsanzo, kusewera masewera) ndi zotulukapo (mwachitsanzo, omwe amaphunzira kusukulu yaboma kapena yangayekha). Zowunikira za 3,397 kuchokera kuunyamata wa 1,489 zidaphatikizidwa pazosanthula. Achinyamata a 1.4% akuti adanyamula zida kupita naye kusukulu mwezi watha ndipo 69% idati ena mwa masewera omwe adasewera amawonetsa zachiwawa. Pambuyo pakusintha zikhalidwe zina zomwe zingakhale zowoneka bwino (mwachitsanzo, mchitidwe wankhanza), kusewera masewera ena achiwawa chaka chatha adalumikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kofikira kanayi kofanananso kowonetsa kunyamula chida kusukulu mwezi watha. Ngakhale achichepere omwe anena za kuchitiridwa nkhanza pafupipafupi mchaka chatha anali oti atha kubweretsa chida kupita nawo kumwezi watha, ubalewu udafotokozeredwa ndi machitidwe ena owalimbikitsa. Pakugwirizana ndi zonenedweratu zamaganizidwe ophunzirira, komanso maphunziro, zophunzirira, kafukufukuyu amathandizira kuti kunyamula zida kusukulu kumayenderana ndi kusewera masewera achiwawa. Monga imodzi mwa maphunziro oyamba amtundu wake, zopezeka ziyenera kutanthauziridwa mosamala ndipo ziyenera kubwerezedwanso. Aggr. Behav. 40: 345-358, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.