Academia ikukonzekera 'kukulitsa zabwino' mu zolaula zatsopano
Ngati panali chochitika cha anthu chomwe chimafuna kufufuza kozama, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti ndikoyenera. Ubongo wa munthu wachinyamata sunayambe wakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zachilendo zotere panthawi yovuta kwambiri yokhudza kukula kwa kugonana, ndipo ming'alu ikuwonekera. Komabe, malinga ndi bungwe la Porn Studies Journal lomwe likubwera , bukuli silidzakhala ndi luso komanso luso lotha kukwaniritsa udindo wofunikawu.
Malinga ndi HuffPo :
Nyuzipepalayi, yomwe ikufalitsidwa ndi Routledge kuyambira mu 2014, idzalandira mauthenga ochokera m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga zaupandu, zachikhalidwe cha anthu, maphunziro a ntchito ndi maphunziro a atolankhani. Malinga ndi New York Times, Porn Studies idzayang'ana kwambiri zolaula chifukwa cha "kulumikizana kwa kugonana, jenda, mtundu, kalasi, zaka ndi luso." Izi ndi za XXX kwa ophunzira.
Palibe chilichonse pamndandanda wazomwe zanenedwa pazokhudza zolaula pa intaneti kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. M'malo mwake, mamembala onse a 32 a magazini atsopanowa akuwoneka kuti akuganiza zopindulitsa zolaula ndizoposa mtengo wake.
Tangoganizirani za "Dietetics Studies Journal" ku Dziko la Onenepa Kwambiri, lomwe bungwe lake ndi Wapampando wa Bungwe la PepsiCo, ma CEO a Nestle ndi Pillsbury, ndi mkulu wa malonda wochokera ku Kraft, ndipo mukumva bwino za kukondera kwa magazini yomwe ikubwerayi.
Mamembala 23 mwa mamembala 32 a bungweli ndi akatswiri pa nkhani za atolankhani ndi mafilimu, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti dzina labwino la magaziniyi lingakhale Porn Film Today . Palibe amene ali ndi mbiri yambiri mu physiology, neuroscience, kukula kwa achinyamata kapena chizolowezi. Zoonadi, atatu okha mwa 32 ali ndi PhD mu psychology.
Choyipa kwambiri n'chakuti, palibe amene akuoneka kuti ali ndi chidziwitso chilichonse cha matenda omwe zolaula zamasiku ano zingayambitse—kupatulapo Marty Klein, wokondedwa wa Adult Video Network. AVN adalemekeza Klein ndi tsamba lake la nyenyezi zolaula kuti asonyeze kuyamikira kwake.
Ziyenera kuchitika. Klein wagogomezera mobwerezabwereza kuti zolaula sizili zoopsa. Mwachitsanzo, onani nkhani yake, Fourteen Ways to Watch Pornography Awareness Week . Chimodzi mwa 14 ndi, “ Kumbukirani mfundo iyi: kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula SIZIKUWONETSERA kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, kusokonekera kwa erectile, kapena kutaya chilakolako chogonana ndi mnzanu .” Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndi nkhani yofiira - ngakhale kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chizolowezi kungakhale kovuta kuisintha. Komabe, malipoti ambiri a ogwiritsa ntchito , amalemba za ED yokhudzana ndi zolaula komanso kutayika kwa chidwi kwa okondedwa enieni (komanso kusintha kwa zizindikiro izi mutasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula).
Kuyang'anitsitsa kwa olemba ndi olemba board
Bungwe la magazini yatsopanoyi limapangidwa ndi akatswiri ojambula komanso akatswiri azipembedzo omwe amaganiza kuti zolaula pa intaneti ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuyambira pomwe ma "talkies" adapangidwa. Nayi kukonkha talente yomwe magazini yatsopanoyi idzajambula, kuyambira ndi omwe adalemba, Smith ndi Attwood.
- Clarissa Smith - Posachedwapa "Intelligence Squared”Smith, akuyimira mbali yolaula, analengeza kuti "Zithunzi zolaula ndi zabwino kwa ife."
- Fiona Attwood ndipo Clarissa Smith anali olemba a kufufuza mwa anthu omwe "amakonda zolaula." Tsoka, nyuzipepalayi ikudziwikiratu za zoperewera, kusokeretsa owerenga kuti kafukufuku wofufuza watsimikiza kuti "zolaula ndizabwino."
- Mbale wa ku Australia a Kath Albury, adachita zawo zokha kafukufuku ndi membala mnzake wa board Alan McKee mu 2008, wolipiridwa pang'ono ndi mabizinesi enieni a zolaula. "Olembawo akuti kuwononga zolaula ndikosanyalanyaza ndipo, mulimonsemo, ndizopambana chisangalalo chomwe adawonetsa wogwiritsa ntchitos."
- Alan McKee - "Zithunzi zolaula zimakuthandizani m'njira zambiri."
- Violet Blue - Buluu akuti muyenera kulingalira za kutha kwanyengo ngati chida chankhondo yamayi yogonana. "Ikhoza kukhala yodalirika ngati chozungulitsira chachikazi." (Lumikizani osaphatikizidwe: NSFW.)
- Meg Barker - "Kafukufuku wanga wambiri wachitika m'magulu azakugonana, moganizira za amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, BDSM, komanso osagwirizana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha."
- Tristan Taormino - Wopanga makanema ojambula zolaula komanso wopanga zisudzo, wopanga "Rough Sex # 2" ndi "House of Ass," pakati pa ena.
Yembekezerani kuti gulu ili lipange zofanana ndi maphunziro azakudya otchedwa, “Zowonjezera Moyo wa Banana Zokazinga Kwambiri.” Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa mamembala a bungwe la Porn Studies Journal apanga cholinga chawo kukulitsa zabwino ndikuchotsa zoyipa, monga momwe nyimbo yakale idalangizira.
Ndi ndani osati pa bolodi?
Ngakhale ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ambiri pa intaneti akudandaula za zizindikiro zazikulu zochokera ku kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti mopitirira muyeso, kuphatikizapo kukwera kufika pa zinthu zoopsa , kuvutika kusiya kugonana , kuchedwa kutulutsa umuna komanso kulephera kugonana , palibe katswiri m'modzi wa zizolowezi zoyipa kapena katswiri wa urologist pakati pa mamembala ambiri okongola a magazini yatsopano. Ndipotu, zikuwoneka kuti bolodi ili likuyang'ana kwambiri zomwe zikuchitika pakati pa miyendo yathu kotero kuti silidzagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kusonkhanitsa deta yokhudza zotsatira za zolaula pakati pa makutu athu.
Nyuzipepala ya New York Times yalengeza za magazini yatsopanoyi mu gawo lake la "Zaluso". Komabe, zolaula za pa intaneti zomwe zikuwononga kwambiri masiku ano sizikunena za chikhalidwe, ubwino wa kupanga mafilimu olaula, kapena chilichonse chomwe chinachitika zisanachitike. Zikunena za kutumiza zinthu zatsopano ndi zowonetsera—osati kugonana. Zikunena za malo ochezera aulere a zolaula , kutanthauza kuti, ma tabu ambiri otseguka a mphindi zitatu za mavidiyo ambiri owopsa. Zikunena za kufalikira kwa zolaula ( monga momwe wogwiritsa ntchito amaonera ).
Koposa zonse, nkhani ndi ya zotsatira za mtundu uwu wa maphunziro a ubongo osayerekezeka pa ubongo wa achinyamata , ndi mavuto ena okhudzana nawo. Izi zikuphatikizapo nkhawa yosadziwika bwino yokhudzana ndi anthu , mavuto okhudza kuganizira zinthu mozama komanso kukhala ndi chilimbikitso , mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi kugonana kwa achinyamata komanso mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito makondomu.
Mvetserani za mfundo zovuta zokambiranazi
Chinthu chimodzi ndi chotsimikizika: Magazini yomwe olemba ake safunsa mafunso omwe angawulule zizindikiro za chizolowezi kapena kugonana sadzapeza umboni wa zonsezi. Zoonadi, poganizira mfundo zomwe timamva mobwerezabwereza kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali pa bolodi la Porn Studies Journal , mutha kuyembekezera kuti anyalanyaze kwambiri zochitika zosokoneza zomwe zili mu ndime yapitayi m'malo mwa zosokoneza zotsatirazi:
- Zithunzi zolaula zimapangidwa ndi amateurs (kapena zimaoneka kuti zimapangidwa ndi amateurs), kotero ife tonse tinganyalanyaze malo a tube, gonzo-zolaula.
- Kudalira chinsalu kuti mudzuke ndikumakhala “kogonana kwabwino” paliponse monga momwe zimakhalira ndi anthu ogonana.
- Achinyamata ochepa chabe angaphunzire momwe angagwirire ndikuwonera zolaula pa intaneti, kotero kuti kupeza zolaula kwa ana n'kofunikira. (Komabe, wopanga filimu ku Austria Gregor Schmidinger akufunsa ngati kugwiritsira ntchito zithunzi zolaula kumayambiriro kwa Intaneti kumayambitsa zofooka zofooka pakati pa ogwiritsira ena achiwerewere.)
- Kukula kwa kutchuka kwa otchedwa 'Amayi Amayi', kuphatikiza mabuku monga Masikiti makumi asanu a Grey trilogy, ndi sitepe patsogolo kwa anthu.
- Kuuza ana kuti pali "zolaula" komanso "zolaula" kuthana ndi mavuto onse kwa achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, zomwe ananena Marty Klein ndi mwano kuwerenga zolaula.
Kwenikweni, magazini ino ikuwoneka kuti ikufuna kutifotokozera zomwe tikudziwa kale: Anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amakonda zolaula (mpaka zitakhala zowononga moyo). ” Ngati ophunzira afufuza maphwando a maubwenzi ndikufuula kuti, "Pano pali amene amakonda mowa?" Timalingalira kuti yankho limodzi lingakhale lalikulu "Gahena inde!" Koma kodi kafukufuku ngati ameneyu angatiuze chilichonse chaphindu kapena zovuta za kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa?
Pempho kwa wofalitsa
Ngati mukufuna kuti Routledge (wofalitsa magazini yatsopano) akhazikitse bolodi lopanda tsankho, kapena, m'malo mwake, asinthe dzina la magazini yatsopano kukhala lolondola kwambiri, mutha kusaina pempholi.
Opanga pempholi akuti,
"Ndikofunikira kuti nyuzipepala yotchedwa Porn Study ipange mpata wofufuza mwatsatanetsatane za zolaula kuchokera pamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chiyembekezo chathu ndikuti musintha gulu la akonzi, mutsimikizire kudzipereka kwa nyuzipepalayo pakufunsidwa kovuta pazinthu zomwe zili mu zolaula ndi zikhalidwe zolaula, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malingaliro osiyanasiyana akuyimilidwa - pa bolodi komanso m'zolemba zomwe zasindikizidwa mu nyuzipepalayi. Polephera izi, tikupemphani kuti musinthe dzinalo kuti liziwonetsera ndikuwonetsa kukondera kwa omwe adalemba (Pro-Porn Study) ndikupanga magazini ina… (mwachitsanzo, Critical Porn Study). ”
Nkhani ya UK yokhudza magazini atsopano
NKHANI
“Kuphunzira zolaula kumatentha. Ndikusowa mtendere ”ndi Margaret Wente
Aphunzitsi onse amadziwa kuti njira yotsimikizika yowopsezetsa ophunzira ndikukonzekera maphunziro nthawi ya 8:30 m'mawa. Koma maphunziro a Bobby Noble anali osiyana. Ankaphunzitsa zolaula - ndipo ophunzira ake aku York University sanaphonye kalasi. Kodi n'chiyani chingakhale chabwino kuposa zolaula m'mawa, chokhala ndi mwayi wophunzira ntchito ya wotsogolera wodziwika bwino wa zolaula John Stagliano (yemwenso amadziwikanso kuti Buttman)?
Prof. Noble mu Porn Studies, analemba kuti: "Palibe aliyense wa ife amene ankafuna kuti izi zitheke." Amalembedwa ndi katswiri wodziwika bwino wa ophunzira ndipo amadzaza ndi chidziwitso choyipa cha anthu omwe amaonera anthu ena omwe ali ndi chiwerewere.
Mu nsanja za njovu za maphunziro, zolaula zimasuta. Buku lalikulu la mabuku a maphunziro, mapepala, misonkhano, ndi mauthenga amodzi akugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mutuwo. Lamlungu lotsatira, yunivesite ya Toronto imakhala ndi mpikisano wake wachiwiri wa Women's Priests and Conference, yomwe idzaphatikizidwa ndi akatswiri apamwamba, akatswiri a chikhalidwe, ochita zotsutsa, ochita masewera ndi obala kuchokera kumayiko onse. Chofunika kwambiri ndicho chikondwerero cha Gala cha Zabwino Zomwe Amaziona Zopindulitsa Zomwe Amachita, zomwe "zidakondwerera kusuta zachikazi kwa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zokongola."
N'chifukwa chiyani maphunziro a zolaula? Bwanji tsopano? Monga momwe olemba a Porn Studies amavomerezera, mwachizoloŵezi cha maphunziro: Masewerawa "awonjezereka mwamsanga ndi kufunika koti apitirize kukhala ndi malo owonetsa zolaula pampikisano wotsutsana ndi ma TV, chikhalidwe, chiwerewere ndi zamakono. Zithunzi zolaula, kufalikira kwawo, malingaliro awo, malingaliro awo ndi zakumwa zawo nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi mbiri yabwino, koma zaka khumi zapitazo, chidwi cha zolaula chakula mofulumira - ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu pazinthu zokhudzana ndi zolaula, zabwino komanso zoipa. "
Komanso, zolaula ndizo zomangamanga. Ngati mukufuna kuunika mu maphunziro, muyenera kuswa. (Mwachitsanzo, Evangelos Tziallas wa Concordia, yemwe ndi mkulu komanso wolemba mabuku, yemwe ali m'bungwe la zolemba za zojambulajambula, ndi katswiri wa zochitika zoopsa zomwe zimadziwika kuti "kuzunza zolaula.")
Koma dikirani, ndikutha kukumvetsani. Kodi sizimayi zolaula?
Chabwino, ambiri a iwo ankakhalapo. Nkhondo yomwe imakhalapo pakati pa zolaula ndi zotsutsa zowononga zolaula ndizokale ngati zachikazi. Pulezidenti Noble amatcha "paranoid") amakhulupirira kuti zolaula zimangopondereza komanso zonyansa. Koma gulu lowonetsa-zolaula liri tsopano mukwera. Icho chimakhulupirira kuti zolaula zimatha ngakhale kupatsa mphamvu (makamaka ngati zimatulutsidwa ndi amateur).
"Nditangoyamba kuphunzitsa ndi kufufuza zolaula, funso loti zolaula zingalimbikitse linali lofunika kwambiri," anatero Rebecca Sullivan, mkulu wa Institute for Gender Research ku University of Calgary. (Ananenedwa pa webusaiti ya yunivesite.) "Tiyenera kupitirira mfundo zotsutsa zolaula zomwe sizipita kulikonse koma m'malo mwake timalankhula za nkhani monga chilolezo, ntchito zachikhalidwe, ufulu wogonana, chilakolako chosazolowereka komanso chisangalalo, komanso magwiridwe antchito enieni."
Chomvetsa chisoni (kuganizira nkhaniyi), kukambitsirana zochitika zolaula ndizovuta kwambiri. Ngakhale maina audindo monga anthu a zolaula: Kugonana ndi Kuyang'anitsitsa pa Chinese Internet ndi Kupeza Kugonana Pogwiritsa Ntchito Zochita Zojambula, zolemba mu Zochitika Zophunzitsa Zilibe zosatheka. Zolemba za Derrida ndi Foucault ndizovomerezeka, kuphatikizapo mawu monga "opanga," "deconstruction" ndi "nkhani." Ngati popanda chifukwa china, maphunziro a zolaula ayenera kuletsedwa ngati mlandu wokhudza chinenerocho.
Mwamwayi, nyenyezi zazikulu kwambiri pa malo owonetsera zolaula si akatswiri. Ndi ojambula, mwanjira ina. Mmodzi ndi Tristan Taormino, mkazi wokongola wovala magalasi akuda apulasitiki yemwe wapanga ndikusewera m'mavidiyo angapo odzithandiza, kuphatikizapo Ultimate Guide to Anal Sex for Women . Adzakhalapo pamsonkhano wa sabata yamawa. Momwemonso Courtney Trouble, yemwe amafotokozedwa ngati "chithunzi cha zolaula cha queer" ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito pronoun yosalowerera ndale ya "iwo." Mndandanda wa nyimbo zomwe Trouble amakonda kwambiri umaphatikizapo mitu monga Trans Grrrls: Revolution Porn Style Now. Trouble amatchuka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimadziwika kuti non-normative bodies. Makanema a Trouble ali ndi akazi ambiri onenepa omwe ali ndi ma nipple boars ndi zida. Onse a Ms. Taormino ndi Ms. Trouble ndi amalonda anzeru, omwe ali ndi mawebusayiti odzaza ndi zinthu zamakhalidwe abwino koma zachiwerewere zomwe zitha kutsitsidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi aliyense amene ali ndi kirediti kadi.
Sikuti onse ali okondwa mu nsanja ya njovu. Pulofesa Noble akulemba kuti otsogolera mu zomwe amachitcha kuti zovuta zapamwamba zogwirira ntchito zingakhale zovuta kwambiri pamene wina akufuna kuphunzitsa kalasi pa zolaula. Iwo ndi osaphunzira pa nkhaniyi, ndipo amawopa mopanda mantha kuti ophunzira akhoza kuvulazidwa kapena kukhumudwa ndi zolembazo, ngakhale (monga momwe iye amavomerezera) iwo mwinamwake ayamba kale kugonana mosiyana kwambiri ndi makolo awo omwe adachitapo.
Maphunziro a zolaula ndi opambana. Ngati ophunzira amapita, titha kuyembekezera malo onse ndi magulu odzipereka kwa iwo. Koma mwinamwake oyang'anira ali olondola kuti aziwerenga. Pambuyo pake, makolo angadziwe ndikudzifunsa kuti gehena akuwononga ndalama zotani. Odzipereka osaphunzira sangakhale osangalala kwambiri, mwina. Kapena atolankhani angawonetsere zomwe zikuchitika ndikulimbikitsa anthu osaphunzira.
Mwini, ndikuganiza kuti chitukuko monga momwe tikuchidziwira chidzapulumuka mitu yophunziridwa yopanda kuphunziridwa pa zolaula za abambo komanso kuzunzidwa. Ndikudziwa kuti zonyansa zokhazokha zimangokhala gawo laling'ono komanso lofunika kwambiri lodziwika kuti maphunziro apamwamba. Chomwe chimandivutitsa ine ndi kugwa kwathunthu kwa zovuta ndi zovuta, ndi kuthekera konse kwa otsogolera pamwamba ndi mabungwe opereka ndalama kuti athetse zomwe ziri ntchito yaikulu pagulu.
Ngati ophunzira akufuna kuwonerera anthu omwe ali ndi chiwerewere, ndizobwino ndi ine. Aloleni iwo azichita izo pa nthawi yawo.