Academia ikukonzekera 'kukulitsa zabwino' mu zolaula zatsopano
Ngati pangakhale chinthu china chomwe chikufunikira kuti anthu afufuze zolinga zenizeni, zolaula za pa intaneti ndizoonadi. Ubongo waumunthu waumunthu sunawonedwepo ndi chikhalidwe chokongola kwambiri panthawi yovuta kwambiri yowonongeka kwa kugonana, ndipo ming'alu ikuwoneka ndithu. Komabe, ndikuweruza kuchokera ku gulu la zomwe zikubwera Zolemba Zophunzira Zophunzitsa, bukhuli lidzasowa mphamvu komanso luso lochita ntchitoyi.
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Magazini, yomwe ili lofalitsidwa ndi Routledge kuyambira mu 2014, alandireni zolemba kuchokera kuminda monga zosiyana ndi zigawenga, maphunziro a anthu, maphunziro a ntchito ndi maphunziro. Malingana ndi nyuzipepala ya New York Times, Maphunziro a Zithunzi Zolaula adzayang'ana pa zolaula zokhudzana ndi "kugonana, kugonana, mtundu, kalasi, msinkhu komanso luso." Izi ndi zenizeni-XXX zokhudzana ndi maphunziro.
Palibe chilichonse pamndandanda wazomwe zanenedwa pazokhudza zolaula pa intaneti kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. M'malo mwake, mamembala onse a 32 a magazini atsopanowa akuwoneka kuti akuganiza zopindulitsa zolaula ndizoposa mtengo wake.
Ingoganizirani za "Dietetics Study Journal" mu Land of the Obese, omwe gulu lawo limangokhala wapampando wa Board of PepsiCo, ma CEO a Nestle ndi Pillsbury, ndi ochita malonda kuchokera ku Kraft, ndipo mumamva bwino ya magazini yomwe ikubwera.
23 mwa mamembala onse a bungwe la 32 amadziwika bwino pa maphunziro ndi mafilimu, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti dzina yabwino la magazinilo likanakhala Mafilimu Auzimu Masiku Ano. Palibe chikhalidwe chokhazikika m'thupi, chiphunzitso cha sayansi, kukula kwa achinyamata kapena kuledzera. Inde, 3 chabe ya 32 ili ndi PhDs mu psychology.
Choyipa chachikulu ndichakuti, palibe amene akuwoneka kuti ali ndi chidziwitso cha zamankhwala zamtundu wa zolaula zomwe zingayambitse masiku ano-kupatula Marty Klein, wokondedwa wa Adult Video Network. AVN adalemekeza Klein ndi tsamba lake la nyenyezi zolaula kusonyeza kuyamikira kwake.
Ziyenera. Klein wagogomezera mobwerezabwereza zolaula. Onani, mwachitsanzo, zolemba zake, Njira Zinayi Zoonera Masabata Odziwitsa Zithunzi Zolaula. Chimodzi mwazigawo 14 ndi, "Kumbukirani mfundo iyi: Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula sikupangitsa ubongo kuwonongeka, kuwonongeka kwa erectile, kapena kutayika kwa kugonana kwa mnzanuyo. " Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndi herring wofiira - ngakhale ubongo wokhudzana ndi mowa umasintha akhoza kukhala wopanikira kuti asinthe. Ambiri kudziwonetsa nokha kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, komabe, chilemba ED yokhudzana ndi zolaula ndi kutaya chidwi ndi anthu enieni (kuphatikizapo kusinthidwa kwa zizindikiro zimenezi atasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula).
Kuyang'anitsitsa kwa olemba ndi olemba board
Bungwe la magazini yatsopanoyi limapangidwa ndi akatswiri ojambula komanso akatswiri azipembedzo omwe amaganiza kuti zolaula pa intaneti ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuyambira pomwe ma "talkies" adapangidwa. Nayi kukonkha talente yomwe magazini yatsopanoyi idzajambula, kuyambira ndi omwe adalemba, Smith ndi Attwood.
- Clarissa Smith - Posachedwapa "Intelligence Squared”Smith, akuyimira mbali yolaula, analengeza kuti "Zithunzi zolaula ndi zabwino kwa ife."
- Fiona Attwood ndipo Clarissa Smith anali olemba a kufufuza mwa anthu omwe "amakonda zolaula." Tsoka, nyuzipepalayi ikudziwikiratu za zoperewera, kusokeretsa owerenga kuti kafukufuku wofufuza watsimikiza kuti "zolaula ndizabwino."
- Mbale wa ku Australia a Kath Albury, adachita zawo zokha kafukufuku ndi membala mnzake wa board Alan McKee mu 2008, wolipiridwa pang'ono ndi mabizinesi enieni a zolaula. "Olembawo akuti kuwononga zolaula ndikosanyalanyaza ndipo, mulimonsemo, ndizopambana chisangalalo chomwe adawonetsa wogwiritsa ntchitos."
- Alan McKee - "Zithunzi zolaula zimakuthandizani m'njira zambiri."
- Violet Blue - Buluu akuti muyenera kulingalira za kutha kwanyengo ngati chida chankhondo yamayi yogonana. "Ikhoza kukhala yodalirika ngati chozungulitsira chachikazi." (Lumikizani osaphatikizidwe: NSFW.)
- Meg Barker - "Kafukufuku wanga wambiri wachitika m'magulu azakugonana, moganizira za amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, BDSM, komanso osagwirizana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha."
- Tristan Taormino - Wopanga makanema ojambula zolaula komanso wopanga zisudzo, wopanga "Rough Sex # 2" ndi "House of Ass," pakati pa ena.
Yembekezerani gulu ili kuti lithetse maphunziro ofanana ndi chakudya omwe ali ndi mutu wakuti, "Zinthu Zowonjezera Moyo wa Maphikidwe a Banana Wokazinga." Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa Zolemba Zophunzira Zophunzitsa mamembala a bungwe apanga cholinga chawo kuti aziwongolera zabwino ndikuchotseratu zoipa, monga momwe nyimbo yakale inalangizidwira.
Ndi ndani osati pa bolodi?
Ngakhale ambiri Ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti akudandaula of matenda kuchoka pa zolaula pa intaneti, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zakuthupi, kuchotsa mavuto, kuchedwa kuthamangitsidwa ndi erectile kukanika, palibe katswiri m'modzi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zosokoneza bongo kapena urologist pakati pa mamembala angapo amitunduyu. M'malo mwake, zikuwoneka kuti gululi likuyang'ana kwambiri zomwe zikuchitika pakati pa miyendo yathu kotero kuti sangakhale ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito kutulutsa zolaula pazakutu zathu.
The New York Times yalengeza magazini yatsopanoyi m'chigawo chake cha "zaluso". Komabe zolaula za pa intaneti zomwe zikuwononga kwambiri masiku ano sizokhudza chikhalidwe, zabwino zopanga makanema olaula, kapena chilichonse chomwe chidachitika msanga kwambiri. Ndi za kubereka kwachilendo chosatha ndi zowonetsera-osati zogonana. Ndi za zithunzi zolaula zaulereNdiye kuti, totsegulira tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tambirimbiri tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono ta makanema. Ndi za kukula kupita patsogolo kwambiri (m'malingaliro a wogwiritsa ntchito) zolaula.
Koposa zonse, ndi zotsatira za mtundu uwu wosafananizidwa kuphunzitsa ubongo pa ubongo wa achinyamata, ndi mavuto ena. Izi zikuphatikizapo zachilendo nkhaŵa zadziko, mavuto ndi zolinga, kufalikira mavuto achinyamata ogonana ndi mavuto otsutsa kugwiritsa ntchito makondomu.
Mvetserani za mfundo zovuta zokambiranazi
Chinthu chimodzi ndi chotsimikizirika: Buku limene olemba sangapemphe mafunso omwe angawulule zizindikiro za kuledzera kapena kugonana kwenikweni sangapeze umboni wa mwina. Zoonadi, kuweruza kuchokera ku mfundo zomwe timamva mobwerezabwereza kuchokera kwa anthu Zolemba Zophunzira Zophunzitsa bwalo, mungayembekezere kuti iwo asanyalanyaze zovuta zomwe zikuchitika m'ndime yapitayi potsata zododometsa izi:
- Zithunzi zolaula zimapangidwa ndi amateurs (kapena zimaoneka kuti zimapangidwa ndi amateurs), kotero ife tonse tinganyalanyaze malo a tube, gonzo-zolaula.
- Kudalira chinsalu kuti mudzuke ndikumakhala “kogonana kwabwino” paliponse monga momwe zimakhalira ndi anthu ogonana.
- Achinyamata ochepa chabe angaphunzire momwe angagwirire ndikuwonera zolaula pa intaneti, kotero kuti kupeza zolaula kwa ana n'kofunikira. (Komabe, wopanga filimu ku Austria Gregor Schmidinger akufunsa ngati kugwiritsira ntchito zithunzi zolaula kumayambiriro kwa Intaneti kumayambitsa zofooka zofooka pakati pa ogwiritsira ena achiwerewere.)
- Kukula kwa kutchuka kwa otchedwa 'Amayi Amayi', kuphatikiza mabuku monga Masikiti makumi asanu a Grey trilogy, ndi sitepe patsogolo kwa anthu.
- Kuuza ana kuti pali "zolaula" komanso "zolaula" kuthana ndi mavuto onse kwa achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, zomwe ananena Marty Klein ndi mwano kuwerenga zolaula.
Kwenikweni, magazini ino ikuwoneka kuti ikufuna kutifotokozera zomwe tikudziwa kale: Anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amakonda zolaula (mpaka zitakhala zowononga moyo). ” Ngati ophunzira afufuza maphwando a maubwenzi ndikufuula kuti, "Pano pali amene amakonda mowa?" Timalingalira kuti yankho limodzi lingakhale lalikulu "Gahena inde!" Koma kodi kafukufuku ngati ameneyu angatiuze chilichonse chaphindu kapena zovuta za kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa?
Pempho kwa wofalitsa
Ngati mungafune Routledge (wofalitsa magazini yatsopano) kuti akhazikitse gulu lolunjika bwino, kapena, m'malo mwake, musinthe mutu wa magaziniyo kukhala wolondola kwambiri, mutha kusaina pempho ili.
Opanga pempholi akuti,
"Ndikofunikira kuti nyuzipepala yotchedwa Porn Study ipange mpata wofufuza mwatsatanetsatane za zolaula kuchokera pamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chiyembekezo chathu ndikuti musintha gulu la akonzi, mutsimikizire kudzipereka kwa nyuzipepalayo pakufunsidwa kovuta pazinthu zomwe zili mu zolaula ndi zikhalidwe zolaula, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malingaliro osiyanasiyana akuyimilidwa - pa bolodi komanso m'zolemba zomwe zasindikizidwa mu nyuzipepalayi. Polephera izi, tikupemphani kuti musinthe dzinalo kuti liziwonetsera ndikuwonetsa kukondera kwa omwe adalemba (Pro-Porn Study) ndikupanga magazini ina… (mwachitsanzo, Critical Porn Study). ”
Nkhani ya UK yokhudza magazini atsopano
NKHANI
“Kuphunzira zolaula kumatentha. Ndikusowa mtendere ”ndi Margaret Wente
Aphunzitsi onse amadziwa kuti njira yeniyeni yopsereza ophunzira ndi kukonza maphunziro a 8: 30 m'mawa. Koma maphunziro a Bobby Noble anali osiyana. Anaphunzitsa zolaula - ndipo ophunzira ake ku yunivesite ya York sanasowe sukulu. Zingakhale zabwino kusiyana ndi zolaula m'mawa, zodzaza ndi mwayi wophunzira kunja wolemba zithunzi zolaula John Stagliano (aka Buttman)?
Prof. Noble mu Porn Studies, analemba kuti: "Palibe aliyense wa ife amene ankafuna kuti izi zitheke." Amalembedwa ndi katswiri wodziwika bwino wa ophunzira ndipo amadzaza ndi chidziwitso choyipa cha anthu omwe amaonera anthu ena omwe ali ndi chiwerewere.
Mu nsanja za njovu za maphunziro, zolaula zimasuta. Buku lalikulu la mabuku a maphunziro, mapepala, misonkhano, ndi mauthenga amodzi akugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mutuwo. Lamlungu lotsatira, yunivesite ya Toronto imakhala ndi mpikisano wake wachiwiri wa Women's Priests and Conference, yomwe idzaphatikizidwa ndi akatswiri apamwamba, akatswiri a chikhalidwe, ochita zotsutsa, ochita masewera ndi obala kuchokera kumayiko onse. Chofunika kwambiri ndicho chikondwerero cha Gala cha Zabwino Zomwe Amaziona Zopindulitsa Zomwe Amachita, zomwe "zidakondwerera kusuta zachikazi kwa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zokongola."
N'chifukwa chiyani maphunziro a zolaula? Bwanji tsopano? Monga momwe olemba a Porn Studies amavomerezera, mwachizoloŵezi cha maphunziro: Masewerawa "awonjezereka mwamsanga ndi kufunika koti apitirize kukhala ndi malo owonetsa zolaula pampikisano wotsutsana ndi ma TV, chikhalidwe, chiwerewere ndi zamakono. Zithunzi zolaula, kufalikira kwawo, malingaliro awo, malingaliro awo ndi zakumwa zawo nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi mbiri yabwino, koma zaka khumi zapitazo, chidwi cha zolaula chakula mofulumira - ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu pazinthu zokhudzana ndi zolaula, zabwino komanso zoipa. "
Komanso, zolaula ndizo zomangamanga. Ngati mukufuna kuunika mu maphunziro, muyenera kuswa. (Mwachitsanzo, Evangelos Tziallas wa Concordia, yemwe ndi mkulu komanso wolemba mabuku, yemwe ali m'bungwe la zolemba za zojambulajambula, ndi katswiri wa zochitika zoopsa zomwe zimadziwika kuti "kuzunza zolaula.")
Koma dikirani, ndikutha kukumvetsani. Kodi sizimayi zolaula?
Chabwino, ambiri a iwo ankakhalapo. Nkhondo yomwe imakhalapo pakati pa zolaula ndi zotsutsa zowononga zolaula ndizokale ngati zachikazi. Pulezidenti Noble amatcha "paranoid") amakhulupirira kuti zolaula zimangopondereza komanso zonyansa. Koma gulu lowonetsa-zolaula liri tsopano mukwera. Icho chimakhulupirira kuti zolaula zimatha ngakhale kupatsa mphamvu (makamaka ngati zimatulutsidwa ndi amateur).
Rebecca Sullivan, yemwe ndi mkulu wa bungwe la Institute for Gender Research ku University of Calgary, anati: "Pamene ndinayamba kuphunzitsa ndi kufufuza zolaula, funso loti ngati zolaula zingakhale zolimbikitsa kwambiri," adatero Rebecca Sullivan. (Anali wotchulidwa pa webusaiti ya yunivesite.) "Tiyenera kupita kupyola mfundo zotsutsana ndi zolaula zomwe sizitha kulikonse koma m'malo mwake zimakambirana za zinthu monga kuvomereza, ntchito za chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe chogonana, chilakolako chosagwirizana ndi chisangalalo, komanso ntchito zabwino."
Chomvetsa chisoni (kuganizira nkhaniyi), kukambitsirana zochitika zolaula ndizovuta kwambiri. Ngakhale maina audindo monga anthu a zolaula: Kugonana ndi Kuyang'anitsitsa pa Chinese Internet ndi Kupeza Kugonana Pogwiritsa Ntchito Zochita Zojambula, zolemba mu Zochitika Zophunzitsa Zilibe zosatheka. Zolemba za Derrida ndi Foucault ndizovomerezeka, kuphatikizapo mawu monga "opanga," "deconstruction" ndi "nkhani." Ngati popanda chifukwa china, maphunziro a zolaula ayenera kuletsedwa ngati mlandu wokhudza chinenerocho.
Mwamwayi, nyenyezi zazikulu kwambiri pa dera lophunzirira zolaula siziphunzitso. Iwo ndi ojambula, a mtundu. Mmodzi ndi Tristan Taormino, mkazi wokongola m'magalasi apulasitiki wakuda amene wapanga ndi kuchita mavidiyo ambiri othandizira, kuphatikizapo okalamba Njira Yabwino Yogonana Amuna Kapena Akazi Ogonana. Adzakhala pamsonkhano wa sabata yamawa. Momwemonso a Courtney Trouble, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi "zithunzi zolaula" ndipo amatchedwa "iwo." Zovuta zamavuto zimaphatikizapo maudindo ngati Trans Grrrls: Revolution Porn Style Tsopano. Vuto limakondweretsedwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimadziwika kuti matupi osakhazikika. Mafilimu a Mavuto amakhala ndi akazi ambiri onenepa omwe kuboola mawere ndi zida zawo. Mayi Taormino ndi Akazi a Trouble ndi amalonda anzeru, omwe ali ndi masamba azodzaza ndi zinthu zomwe zili zovomerezeka zomwe zimatha kutsitsidwa pomwepo ndi aliyense amene ali ndi kirediti kadi.
Sikuti onse ali okondwa mu nsanja ya njovu. Pulofesa Noble akulemba kuti otsogolera mu zomwe amachitcha kuti zovuta zapamwamba zogwirira ntchito zingakhale zovuta kwambiri pamene wina akufuna kuphunzitsa kalasi pa zolaula. Iwo ndi osaphunzira pa nkhaniyi, ndipo amawopa mopanda mantha kuti ophunzira akhoza kuvulazidwa kapena kukhumudwa ndi zolembazo, ngakhale (monga momwe iye amavomerezera) iwo mwinamwake ayamba kale kugonana mosiyana kwambiri ndi makolo awo omwe adachitapo.
Maphunziro a zolaula ndi opambana. Ngati ophunzira amapita, titha kuyembekezera malo onse ndi magulu odzipereka kwa iwo. Koma mwinamwake oyang'anira ali olondola kuti aziwerenga. Pambuyo pake, makolo angadziwe ndikudzifunsa kuti gehena akuwononga ndalama zotani. Odzipereka osaphunzira sangakhale osangalala kwambiri, mwina. Kapena atolankhani angawonetsere zomwe zikuchitika ndikulimbikitsa anthu osaphunzira.
Mwini, ndikuganiza kuti chitukuko monga momwe tikuchidziwira chidzapulumuka mitu yophunziridwa yopanda kuphunziridwa pa zolaula za abambo komanso kuzunzidwa. Ndikudziwa kuti zonyansa zokhazokha zimangokhala gawo laling'ono komanso lofunika kwambiri lodziwika kuti maphunziro apamwamba. Chomwe chimandivutitsa ine ndi kugwa kwathunthu kwa zovuta ndi zovuta, ndi kuthekera konse kwa otsogolera pamwamba ndi mabungwe opereka ndalama kuti athetse zomwe ziri ntchito yaikulu pagulu.
Ngati ophunzira akufuna kuwonerera anthu omwe ali ndi chiwerewere, ndizobwino ndi ine. Aloleni iwo azichita izo pa nthawi yawo.
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