Misonkho Yogonana Ndi Ogonana (2011)

Kodi ndale zolekerera zimatiponyera pamtunda wotsetsereka?

Kodi mudadzifunsapo chifukwa chake ubongo wa anthu okonda kutchova juga, anthu okonda kudya zakudya zosiyanasiyana, komanso anthu okonda masewera apakanema aphunziridwa, koma palibe amene waphunzira ubongo wa anthu okonda zolaula? Tadzifunsapo—makamaka pamene nthawi zambiri munthu amamva kuti kusakhalapo kwa maphunzirowa ndi “umboni” wakuti chizolowezi chogonana ndi nkhani zabodza (ngakhale kuti makasitomala ndi odwala akudandaula kwambiri kuti amakonda zonse ziwiri).

Posachedwapa, taphunzira chifukwa chake kafukufuku wa sayansi ya ubongo pa zolaula ndi chizolowezi chogonana sichikupezeka. Nkhani yochititsa chidwi iyi yavumbulutsanso chiyambi cha mfundo yodziwika bwino yakuti kugonana ndi zolaula sizingakhale zosokoneza—ndipo ikusonyeza kuti tasochera.

Mu 1992, mkangano wandale unachitika pankhani ya zamankhwala, zomwe zalepheretsa kumvetsetsa bwino za kugonana kwa anthu. Malinga ndi David E. Smith MD, yemwe kale anali purezidenti wa American Society of Addiction Medicine ( ASAM ), madokotala adasinthana kuzindikira kuti chizolowezi chogonana ndi matenda enaake kuti athetse chiopsezo chomwe chimabwera nthawi yomweyo. Smith, mwa njira, adakhazikitsa chipatala chaulere cha Haight-Ashbury ku San Francisco panthawi ya Summer of Love (1967). Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo wakhala akugwira ntchito mwakhama kuphunzitsa akatswiri azachipatala za kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chizolowezi komanso kuchira komanso kuchiza odwala omwe ali ndi chizolowezicho. Iye ndi wolemba mabuku ambiri ndi nkhani za m'magazini.

Malinga ndi Smith, izi ndi zomwe zinachitika: Jess Browley ndi iye anali Delegate ndi Alternate Delegate, motsatana, ku Nyumba ya Oimira a American Medical Association pofunafuna kuvomerezedwa kwa mankhwala atsopano: mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zinaonekeratu kuti AMA sangavomereze kuvomereza mankhwala atsopano pokhapokha ngati kugonana sikunaphatikizidwe pamndandanda wa zizolowezi zomwe zingatheke. Chifukwa chake, adataya 'chizolowezi chogonana' pansi pa basi.

Kuchotsedwaku sikunatengeke ndi sayansi kapena zomwe Smith adakumana nazo pachipatala-zonse zomwe zimafotokoza kuti zizolowezi zakugonana zitha kukhala zosokoneza nthawi zina. Izi sizosadabwitsa, popeza kudzutsa chilakolako chogonana ndiko kopindulitsa kwambiri pamalipiro achilengedwe onse ndipo kumachitika muubwino wamaubongo ozungulira (mpando wazovuta zonse).

Chifukwa chake chinali chanzeru. Madokotala anali ofunitsitsa kuletsa kupanga fodya. Big Tobacco inali kuchita zonse zomwe ingathe kuti ipititse patsogolo chinyengo chakuti “kusuta sikuledzeretsa.” Inanenanso kuti umboni wa akatswiri pankhani ya kuledzera uyenera kunyalanyazidwa chifukwa, “akatswiriwo akunena kuti chilichonse ndi choledzeretsa.”

Kupatula kugonana kunasonyeza kuti madokotala sanali kunena kuti chilichonse ndi choledzeretsa. Kupatula apo, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugonana anali osowa, pomwe osuta anali paliponse ndipo anali kuvutika mosafunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, sayansi ya ubongo yokhudza chizolowezi cha khalidwe sinafike pamlingo wodalirika komanso wotsimikizika masiku ano .

Zotsatira zosayembekezereka

Kuchotsa machitidwe ogonana m'munda wa chizolowezi kwakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa. Pafupifupi zaka makumi awiri kuchokera pamene akatswiri adachotsa Smoke Spin , kuyambira ndi mapepala a fodya omwe adasindikizidwa mu Journal of the American Medical Association (1994), tikadali mu Nthawi Yamdima Yomvetsetsa Zogonana.

Mgwirizano wa ASAM-AMA mosadziwa unateteza chizolowezi chogonana ku maso a ofufuza azachipatala omwe akanatha kuwunikira kwambiri za kugonana mopitirira muyeso: akatswiri a za ubongo. N’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kuphunzira chinthu chomwe, mwa lingaliro lachipatala, sichilipo? Chifukwa chake, palibe kafukufuku wachindunji wa za ubongo wa kugonana mopitirira muyeso. (Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, maphunziro ambiri amatsimikizira kuti ubongo umasintha chifukwa cha chizolowezi mwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zoipa.)

M'malo mwake, kafukufuku wa zachipatala wayang'ana kwambiri pa kusagonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha (kusowa chilakolako chogonana). Chifukwa chake, tili ndi mankhwala owonjezera chilakolako chogonana komanso ma vibrators operekedwa ndi madokotala komanso zokopa chilakolako chogonana. Madokotala akuyesanso ma implants omwe amapanga orgasm pa msana wa akazi.

Komabe ngati wodwala akudandaula kuti sangathe kulamulira khalidwe lake, zolaula zimasinthasintha m'njira zosasangalatsa, kapena kufunikira kukulitsa chilakolako chogonana - akatswiri ambiri amamutsimikizira kuti kugonana kwachiwerewere kulibe. Izi ndi zoona ngakhale atakhala kuti ndi wokonda chizolowezi . Katswiri wina wa zachiwerewere adafotokoza monyadira kuti adauza munthu amene amaseweretsa zolaula pa intaneti kwa maola asanu ndi limodzi patsiku kuti analibe chizolowezi, koma m'malo mwake anali ndi vuto lozengereza. Ndizotheka, koma….

Akatswiri azachipatala omwe amanena molimba mtima kuti kugonana mopitirira muyeso kungayambitse chizolowezi, ndikuyesera kuchitira makasitomala moyenera, amanyansidwa kapena kuchititsidwa manyazi ndi anzawo okhwima maganizo. Mogwirizana ndi maganizo amenewa, olemba DSM-5 yomwe ikubwerayi akufuna kuchotsa gawo lonena za kugonana mopitirira muyeso ku appendix. [Dziwani: Ndipotu, DSM idakwanitsa kuthetsa lingaliroli kwathunthu ndikuletsa kuyitanidwa kuti aphunzire kwambiri za chizolowezi cha "chizolowezi chosewera pakompyuta" - ngakhale kukana kupempha kuti aphunzire kwambiri za "kholo" lake, chizolowezi cha pa intaneti, (chomwe mwachibadwa chingakhale chofala kwambiri mu chizolowezi cha zolaula pa intaneti ngati mtundu wa chizolowezi cha pa intaneti).]

Masomphenya oterewa amachokera, mbali ina, ku pangano lakale lomwe takambirana pamwambapa. Mabuku ambiri amanena kuti (1) kuponderezedwa kwa kugonana ndiye chiwopsezo chachikulu pa kugonana kwabwino, ndipo (2) machitidwe ogonana sangayambitse chizolowezi . Maphunziro aukadaulo sanakwaniritsebe kusintha kwakukulu kwa intaneti yothamanga kwambiri komanso kafukufuku wa ubongo pa anthu omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zoipa.

Mwachitsanzo, tinafunsa pulofesa wa zamaganizo komanso wofufuza za kugonana zomwe amaganiza pa nkhani za kafukufuku wa ku Italy wolamulidwa ndi akatswiri a urologist, zomwe zinatsimikizira zomwe tawona zomwe zanenedwa m'mabwalo mazana ambiri m'maiko 25—monga kuti achinyamata, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula zambiri akuyamba kuvutika ndi kugonana , zomwe zimadzisintha mkati mwa miyezi ingapo kuchokera pamene anasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Ananyoza kuthekera kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa ubongo (kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha chizolowezi):

Chifukwa chiyani nkhani zambiri zopanda pake zimapangidwa pamutuwu? Hmm, kodi ikuyimira kuda nkhawa kwambiri ndi chinthu chomwe kulibe, monga kuda nkhawa kwambiri ndi ma unicorn?

Yankho lake ndi lomveka. Kupatula apo, mwina wakhala akuthandiza ophunzira ake kwazaka zambiri malingaliro osadziwika kuti zizolowezi zakugonana, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti, sizingayambitse bongo muubongo. Popeza kuti izi sizigwirizana ndi sayansi yeniyeni ya ubongo, mafotokozedwe ozungulira amapezeka ponseponse: "Zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti ndizothandizira maliseche ... ndipo sipangakhale chinthu chofanana ndi kuseweretsa maliseche (chifukwa kugonana sikungakhale chizolowezi)… kotero sipangakhale monga zolaula zambiri. ”

Madokotala posachedwapa anayamba kutseka kusiyana kwa chidziwitso. Mu buku lakuti The Brain That Changes Itself, katswiri wa zamaganizo Norman Doidge anafotokoza mfundo za ubongo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti odwala ake omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula zambiri asamachite zinthu mopitirira muyeso (ndi kusinthika kwake) . Komabe madokotala ambiri omwe si akatswiri a sayansi ya ubongo amakumbukirabe masiku awo ogwiritsa ntchito Penthouse ndipo akupitiriza kuona kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti ngati njira yowonjezerera yopanda vuto. Akuwoneka kuti sakudziwa kuti zolaula zamasiku ano zimapereka mphamvu zambiri zolimbikitsa ubongo kuposa zolaula zakale, kuti kusanthula ubongo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kukuwulula kale kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chizolowezi, kapena kuti ana a masiku ano akugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kwambiri pomwe ubongo wawo ndi wapulasitiki . Chomalizachi chikusokoneza kwambiri chifukwa cha kafukufuku waposachedwa womwe ukusonyeza kuti ubongo wa achinyamata uli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha chizolowezi.

Komanso chomwe chimayambitsa maganizo onyoza a akatswiri ambiri ndi lingaliro lakuti, "Kugonana sikungakhale chizolowezi chifukwa anthu amasiya akamaliza mokwanira." Akatswiri kale ankaganiza kuti izi zinali zoona pankhani ya chakudya chokoma kwambiri, koma ife aku America tawatsimikizira kuti ndi olakwika. Njira zokhutiritsa mitsempha ya anthu zikuwoneka kuti zakhazikitsidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi mitundu ya chakudya ndi zolimbikitsa zogonana zomwe tidayamba nazo. Zakudya zopanda pake zomwe zimadzutsa chilakolako cha kugonana masiku ano komanso zolaula za pa intaneti zomwe zimakopa anthu ambiri zimatipangitsa kunyalanyaza mapulogalamu achilengedwe okhutitsa.

Komanso, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti sikufuna kuti munthu afike pachimake. Kugonana kwa munthu ndi chinthu chomwe chimachitika kwa masekondi khumi; kuonera zolaula pa intaneti nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwa maola ambiri ... kuntchito, kusukulu, ndi kumalo ena komwe kudziseweretsa maliseche sikuli njira yabwino. Zotsatira zake? Monga momwe zilili ndi zakudya zopanda thanzi, tikhoza kudya mpaka titasiya kusangalala ndi zinthu zomwe timachita nthawi zonse—chizindikiro cha chizolowezi choledzera.

Kusokonezeka kwa matenda a dissonance

Pakadali pano, kafukufuku wa sayansi pa zizolowezi zina za khalidwe wapitirira popanda kusokonezedwa ndi mgwirizano womwe unathandiza olimbikitsa kusuta fodya. Kufufuza ubongo wa onenepa kwambiri, komanso kusanthula kwa anthu omwe amakonda kutchova juga ndi kusewera masewera apakanema, kukuwonetsa kusintha kwenikweni kwa ubongo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zizolowezi.

Zizindikiro zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa ubongo m'zizolowezi zimenezi ndi zizindikiro zomwe ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula masiku ano ali nazo zambiri: kulephera kulamulira kugwiritsa ntchito, chilakolako chachikulu, kulekerera (kuwonjezeka), kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana, mavuto oganizira kwambiri, kuvutika maganizo, chilakolako choipa chodzipatula, nkhawa, zizindikiro zazikulu zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito akasiya, ndi zina zotero. Ambiri mwa iwo amanenanso kuti zizindikirozi zimadzisintha pakatha miyezi ingapo kuchokera pamene anasiya zolaula pa intaneti.

Pakadali pano, chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati wodwala sangathe kusiya machitidwe odzivulaza achiwerewere, ndikupempha thandizo la akatswiri? Nthawi zambiri, wodwalayo amaganiziridwa kuti akudwala matenda ena osati chizolowezi chogonana. Ndi zoona. Dokotala amasankha matenda ena oyamba , kapena omwe amayambitsa—ndipo amamutumiza kuti akalandire uphungu, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena zonse ziwiri.

Kuganiza kuti chizolowezi chogonana ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ena oyamba kumabweretsa matenda osocheretsa kwa iwo omwe akulimbana ndi kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumakhudzana ndi chizolowezi. Izi zikuphatikizapo nkhawa yogwira ntchito, ADHD, OCD, kuvutika maganizo, nkhawa yayikulu yokhudzana ndi anthu, kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino kwa erectile, nkhawa yogwira ntchito (ndi dzanja la munthu?), ndi zina zotero. Choyipa kwambiri n'chakuti, wodwalayo sadziwa kuti angathe kusintha zizindikiro zake mwa kusiya ndi kusintha khalidwe. Kukhazikika kwa ubongo kumagwira ntchito mbali zonse ziwiri.

Ofufuza amadziwa kuchokera ku zizolowezi zina za khalidwe kuti zizindikiro zomwe matenda ena oterewa amakhalapo nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa cha zizolowezi zokha (anhedonia, mavuto oganizira kwambiri, nkhawa yayikulu, ndi zina zotero). Kupeza matenda ena m'malo mophunzitsa wodwalayo za zizolowezizo ndikofanana ndi kuuza wodwala wosweka mwendo kuti amwe mapiritsi opweteka m'malo momupatsa mankhwala oletsa kuyenda kwa mwendo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo.

Inde, odwala ena ali ndi matenda ena ndi matenda ena m'malo mwa, kapena kuwonjezera pa, khalidwe lodzivulaza logonana. Koma ngati alibe, ndipo chizolowezi chogonana ndicho chifukwa chachikulu cha mavuto awo, dokotala nthawi zambiri amanyalanyaza mfundo imeneyi. Iye waphunzitsidwa kuti asaganizire chizolowezi chogonana ngati matenda oyamba.

Kalanga, lingaliro lakuti zizolowezi zina zingakhale zazikulu, koma chizolowezi chogonana sichingatheke, ndi zosatheka mwachibadwa . Pokhapokha ngati sitinalowe m'gulu la kafukufuku wokhudza chizolowezi kwa zaka zambiri, tingadzinyenge tokha kuti tikhulupirire zosiyana.

Mulimonsemo, kupezeka kwa matenda ena sikupangitsa kuti chizolowezicho chisakhale chizolowezi choledzera. Munthu woledzera amene ali ndi nkhawa ndi anthu ena amakumanabe ndi vuto la uchidakwa, ndipo munthu wonenepa kwambiri amakumanabe ndi vuto la kudya mopitirira muyeso ... ndipo kulemera kwake kumawonjezera makilogalamu 200. Onse awiri amafunika thandizo kusintha khalidwe lawo kuti agwirizanenso ndi ubongo wawo.

Nthawi yatsopano ya kugonana kwaumunthu

Mu Ogasiti chaka chino (2011) kusintha kwamphamvu kwamadzi kunayamba. Kulephera kwa mchitidwe wogonana monga momwe ungathere kukonzedwa kunakonzedwa-osati ndi AMA, koma ndi ASAM. M'mafunso okhudzana ndi kulengeza kwaposachedwa, ASAM ikufotokoza kuti,

Tonsefe tili ndi ubongo wopereka mphoto zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugonana ndi kugonana kulipindule. Ndipotu, izi ndizopulumuka. Mu ubongo wathanzi, izi mphotho ziri ndi njira zowonetsera zogonana kapena 'zokwanira.' Kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi chizolowezi choyendetsa bwalo, maofesiwa amakhala osayenera kotero kuti uthenga kwa munthuyo umakhala 'wochulukirapo,' zomwe zimayambitsa zofuna zapadera ndi / kapena chithandizo mwa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ndi makhalidwe.

Tithokoze kupita patsogolo pakufufuza zamakhalidwe, akatswiri odziwa za mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso ma neurobiologists tsopano ali ndi chidaliro kuti zizolowezi zogonana zimagawana chimodzimodzi momwe ubongo wamkati umasinthira monga zosokoneza zina. Yakwana nthawi yolimbikitsira akatswiri azaumoyo kuti agwirizane ndi zowona kuti zolaula / zolaula pa intaneti zitha kukhala kuti zikuvutika ndikusintha kwaubongo komwe kumawonekera mwa ena omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pobweretsa mabuku ndi ndondomeko zamasiku ano, timamasula othandizira azaumoyo kuti atitsogolere molunjika pakugonana, ndikupewa milandu yomwe amabwera ndi anthu omwe adazindikira zolaula.

Mawu a ASAM ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopitira patsogolo, koma pali zambiri zoti tichite. Chifukwa cha zaka zambirimbiri zomwe anthu akhala akuziona ngati zopanda pake, ofufuza akadalibe chidziwitso chokwanira cha momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito pa kugonana , kapena chifukwa chake umalimbikitsa thanzi labwino. Meme yakuti kumwa mopitirira muyeso ndi chinthu chachibadwa komanso chopanda chiopsezo ikupitirirabe, ngakhale kuti pali zizindikiro zochenjeza kwa amuna , akazi ndi achinyamata.

Zizindikiro zakuti ubongo ukupanga zosintha zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi zitha kudziwika posachedwa, koma asayansi akamaphunzira zakugonana paubongo ndi malingaliro otseguka, zidziwitso zina zosangalatsa zakugonana kwa anthu zitha kuwonekera. Mwachitsanzo, kodi kusintha komwe kumakhudzana ndi kupitilira muyeso, ngakhale m'makhalidwe ofooka, kumatilepheretsa kusangalala ndi ubale wapamtima pothamanga mwachangu pakati pa abwenzi? Zotsatira zakuphatikizika pafupipafupi pamitima ya anzanu ndizotani?

Kodi tikusowa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zokhudza kufika pachimake pa kugonana? Mwachitsanzo, pali umboni wa kusintha kwa mahomoni ndi mitsempha pambuyo pa kufika pachimake, zomwe zingakhale zofunikira kuzifufuza mozama. Kodi ubongo wa amuna , akazi ndi achinyamata ndi wosiyana pankhaniyi? Kodi kugonana ndi kudziseweretsa maliseche kumabweretsa zotsatira zosiyana pa ubongo?

Kafukufuku wa sayansi ya zakuthambo amatha kuwonetsa mowonjezereka kwambiri pa mafunso onga awa-tsopano kuti kuphunzira za thupi lachiwerewere chokwanira ndi kubwerera.

Emperor savala chovala chake

Pangano lakale la ASAM-AMA mwangozi linayambitsa meme yoipa: “Ponena za machitidwe ogonana, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti, palibe chinthu chonga chochuluka kapena chachilendo chifukwa chizolowezi chogonana sichingatheke.” Yakwana nthawi yoti tichotse malingaliro olakalaka awa—popanda kulola kuti zokambiranazo zigawikane m'njira zosamveka bwino: “zabwino pakugonana ndi zoyipa pakugonana,” “ufulu wolankhula motsutsana ndi lamulo” kapena “kusiyanasiyana pakugonana ndi zoyipa.” Si “zabwino pakugonana” kuletsa sayansi yolimba pa kugonana, ndipo mfundo yakuti sayansi yaletsedwa ikuwoneka kuti ikukhala ndi zotsatira “zoipa pakugonana” kwa amuna: Kafukufuku akutsimikizira kukwera kwakukulu kwa achinyamata ED.

M'malo modzudzula kapena kuteteza khalidwe la kugonana (chiwerewere, zolaula, chilakolako chogonana, ndi zina zotero), tiyeni tiganizire kwambiri za kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka ubongo: mankhwala a mitsempha, ma receptors, kusintha kwa frontal cortex, kuchuluka kwa striatal imvi, ndi kusintha kwa limbic white matter, monga momwe zachitikira mu chizolowezi cha pa intaneti, kutchova juga ndi kafukufuku wokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Mayiko ena akuyesetsa kale kufufuza za chizolowezi cha intaneti (chomwe chimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula m'maiko ena). Gulu lina la ofufuza posachedwapa lapeza kuti 18 peresenti ya ophunzira aku yunivesite anali ndi chizolowezi. Mwachidule, chiopsezo cha chizolowezi cha intaneti mwa amuna chinali pafupifupi katatu kuposa cha akazi. Iwo adatsimikiza kuti:

Achinyamata ambiri m'gulu la anthu amavutika ndi zotsatirapo zoipa za chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito intaneti. Ndikofunikira kuti akatswiri a zamaganizo ndi akatswiri a zamaganizo adziwe mavuto amisala omwe amayamba chifukwa cha chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito intaneti [monga OCD, nkhawa, ndi kuvutika maganizo].

Ponena za thupi, zachilendo sizikugwirizana ndi kufunikira kapena kusafunikira kwa khalidwe linalake. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusalinganika kwa ubongo/thupi. Anthu ena amatha kuchita zinthu zambiri zogonana (kapena zina) popanda kusintha koipa kwa ubongo. Ena sangathe, ndipo khalidwe lotere limayambitsa zizindikiro zomwe zimawavuta kapena zosapiririka. Ndi zophweka kwambiri.

Si zomwe timachita m'chipinda chogona, pamaso pa makompyuta athu, kapena m'bafa zomwe zili zofunika. Ndi momwe zimakhudzira ubongo wathu wapulasitiki. Ngati ubongo wa munthu umasintha mwachangu kuti ukhale ndi mphamvu zambiri, kotero kuti amafunika mphamvu zambiri, kapena akuwonetsa zizindikiro zina zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi , ndiye kuti khalidwe lake ndi lopitirira muyeso. Ali ndi zosankha zoti apange . Izi sizisiyana ndi mwamuna amene sagwiritsa ntchito bwino chakudya cham'thupi. Ayenera kuphunzira momwe zakudya zosiyanasiyana zimakhudzira thanzi.

Ponena za khalidwe logonana, pali chinthu chonga chochuluka kwambiri , ndipo pali chinthu chonga chosazolowereka . Sitingathe kuchimvetsa kuchokera ku malamulo aliwonse abwino , koma akatswiri athu azaumoyo angatithandize kuchimvetsa pogwiritsa ntchito ma C anayi omwe akusonyeza kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chizolowezi:

  1. Kutaya Control
  2. Kuponderezedwa
  3. Yapitirira gwiritsani ntchito ngakhale zovuta Zotsatira
  4. Kukonda  - zonse zamaganizidwe / zakuthupi

Anthu sanakhalepo okonzeka kumvetsetsa kuthekera kwake pakugonana komanso kupitirira muyeso. Wachinyamata wokhudzana ndi kugonana adathawa botolo. Titha kuyang'anitsitsa zotsatira zakugonana kwaubongo muubongo osawopa kuti angabweretse mavuto. Tiyeni tichotse zongoganiza kale, ndale komanso malingaliro athu pakufufuza zakugonana, ndipo tigwiritse ntchito zida zonse zomwe tili nazo kuwulula kumvetsetsa kwathunthu zakugonana kwa anthu-maulemerero ake ndi zofooka zake.

Chidziwitso chachikulu chidzapatsa mphamvu ife omwe timakonda kugonana kuti tizitsatira zotsatira zomwe timasankha ndikulemekeza zolephera zathu. Njira ina yopitiliza kuwonetsa vuto la kugonana ndi khalidwe labwino kumatiika pangozi yoti titha kumizidwa m'nyanja ya mankhwala omwe amawunikira zizindikiro zachiwiri-pamene chiyambi chachikulu cha tsoka chikusautsa, osadziwika.

Zaka makumi angapo zapitazo sitinamvetsetse sayansi yauchidakwa, koma palibe chowiringula pakudzindikira kusuta tsopano. - David E. Smith, MD

Nayi chidziwitso kuchokera ku Kinsey Institute (October 22, 2015)

Sungani tsiku!
October 6-8, 2016
Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA

Zothandizidwa ndi:
New View Campaign
Dipatimenti Yoyunivesite ya Indiana University
Sukulu ya Yunivesite ya Indiana Yomwe Ali Pathanzi
Indiana University Kinsey Institute

CAPSTONE YACHIDWI YA MANKHWALA ACHISANU IYI IDZABWEREKEZA pamodzi akatswiri a zaukazi, kugonana, akazi, thanzi, atolankhani ndi sayansi ya chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso olimbikitsa ufulu wa anthu kuti afufuze malingaliro ndi momwe THE NEW VIEW CAMPAIGN, gulu la anthu wamba lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mu 2000 kuti litsutse kufalikira kwa matenda okhudzana ndi kugonana, komanso kukonza njira yopitira patsogolo.

Webusaiti Yamisonkhano

MAFUNSO:

  1. Kodi munthu amadziwa bwanji? Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse, Mayiko Akumayiko Onse a Matenda (ICD-11), ali ndi matenda atsopano woyenera kuchita zachiwerewere: "Kugonana Kwachiwerewere. "
  2. Kugonana ndi kugonana / kugonana? Tsambali likulemba Zotsatira za 52 za sayansi (MRI, fMRI, EEG, neuropsychological, mahomoni). Onse amapereka chithandiziro chamachitidwe osokoneza bongo monga zomwe zapezedwa zikuwunika pazotsatira za mitsempha zomwe zimanenedwa mu maphunziro a kusokoneza bongo.
  3. Malingaliro enieni a akatswiri okhudzana ndi zolaula / kugonana? Mndandanda uwu uli Ndemanga za 27 zaposachedwa kwambiri zokhudzana ndi ma neuroscience & ndemanga ndi ena mwa apamwamba a sayansi ya sayansi padziko lapansi. Zonse zothandizira mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
  4. Zizindikiro za kuledzera ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoopsa kwambiri? Zofufuza za 50 zofukufuku zomwe zikupezeka zikugwirizana ndi kukula kwa zolaula (kulekerera), chizoloŵezi choonera zolaula, komanso ngakhale kusiya (Zizindikiro zonse ndi zodabwitsazi). Tsamba lowonjezera ndi Kafukufuku 10 wofotokoza zizindikiro zochotsa zolaula.
  5. Kodi munthu amadziwa bwanji? Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse, Mayiko Akumayiko Onse a Matenda (ICD-11), ali ndi matenda atsopano woyenera kuchita zachiwerewere: "Kugonana Kwachiwerewere. "
  6. Kulingalira mfundo yosalimbikitsidwa yolankhulidwa yakuti "chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana" akufotokozera zolaula kapena chizolowezi chogonana: Kafukufuku wopitilira 25 amanamizira kuti zachiwerewere & zolaula "amangokhala ndi chilakolako chofuna kugonana"
  7. Zolaula ndi zogonana? Mndandandawu uli ndi zofufuza zoposa 40 zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zolaula / zolaula ku mavuto a kugonana ndi kuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana. The Zotsatira za 7 zoyambirira mumndandanda ukuwonetsa zovuta, pamene ophunzira adasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndikuchiza matenda opatsirana pogonana.
  8. Zotsatira za zovuta pazoyanjana? Kufufuza kwa 75 kumalumikiza zolaula kumachepetsa kugonana komanso kukhutira ndi ubale. Monga momwe ife tikudziwira onse Kafukufuku wokhudza amuna adanena za kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula zambiri zogwirizana osauka kugonana kapena kukondana.
  9. Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi kumakhudza bwanji maganizo ndi maganizo? Pazofufuza za 85 zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thanzi lakuthupi lamaganizidwe & zotsatira zazidziwitso zosauka.
  10. Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi kumakhudza bwanji zikhulupiliro, malingaliro ndi makhalidwe? Onani maphunziro aumwini - Phunziro la 40 limagwirizanitsa zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito "maganizo osagwirizana" kwa amayi ndi malingaliro ogonana - kapena chidule chochokera mu kusinkhasinkha kwa meta kwa 2016 kwa maphunziro 135: Media ndi Sexualization: Boma la Kafukufuku Wofufuza, 1995-2015.
  11. Nanga bwanji za chiwerewere ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula? Kufufuza kwina: Meta-Kuonongeka kwa Kuonera Zolaula Ntchito ndi Zoona Zochitika Zachiwerewere mu Zophunzira Zambiri za Anthu (2015).
  12. "Koma kodi zolaula sizigwiritsa ntchito chiwerengero chogwirira kugwiriridwa?" Ayi, zaka zambiri zapitazo chiwerengero cha kugwiririra chawonjezeka: "Kuchuluka kwa chiwongoladzanja kumawonjezeka, choncho samanyalanyaza zofalitsa zowonongeka. ”Onani tsamba ili pazofufuza zoposa 100 zolumikiza zolaula zimagwiritsa ntchito nkhanza, kukakamiza & chiwawa, komanso chipongwe chambiri chofotokozedwa mobwerezabwereza kuti kuwonjezereka kwa zolaula kwatsitsa mitengo yachiwawa.
  13. Bwanji za kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula ndi achinyamata? Onani mndandanda wa pa maphunziro a achinyamata a 270, kapena ndemanga izi zazinthu: ndemanga # 1, ndemanga2, ndemanga # 3, ndemanga # 4, ndemanga # 5, ndemanga # 6, ndemanga # 7, ndemanga # 8, ndemanga # 9, ndemanga # 10, ndemanga # 11, ndemanga # 12, ndemanga # 13, ndemanga # 14, ndemanga # 15.

Kuchokera ku reddit - NoFap

07/27/2012

KULUMIKIZANA

Ndikuganiza kuti ndi chifukwa cha pendulum kusunthira kutali kwambiri. Kwa nthawi yayitali mdziko muno, kugonana musanalowe m'banja, komanso mtundu uliwonse wosagonana, unkatengedwa ngati tchimo komanso zoyipa. Kenako pakubwera "kusintha kwakugonana", ndipo ufulu wakugonana umakhala njira yopandukira ambiri.

Kungoyambira zaka makumi atatu ndipo ma hippies a bangin 'm'matope ku Woodstock ndi makolo, eni mabizinesi, andale, ndi zina. Ufulu wakugonana umakhala wofala, ndipo palibe chomwe chimaonedwa kuti ndi choletsa. Kenako pamapeto pake ana awo, a Johnny aang'ono ndi Lisa amayamba kugonana ali ndi zaka 12, ndipo zimawotcha pomwe a Johnny pees ndi Lisa ali ndi zigawenga kumadera akumwera. (molunjika / "wabwinobwino") Anthu amayamba kudabwitsika ndi Edzi. Maliseche amayamba kukwezedwa ngati njira yabwinobwino yogonana. "Zithunzi zolaula" pakadali pano ndizoseweretsa chabe Playboy, mwina zinthu zina zofewa zomwe zimapezeka pa chingwe, koma kwa anyamata ambiri njira yokhayo yosangalalira ndikumayimitsa VCR yanu pa NTHAWI YABWINO (kumbukirani kuti zoyipa zoyera !! Tangoganizirani izi ndikulemba izi).

Zithunzi zolaula - pambuyo pa chigamulo chofunikira kwambiri ku Khothi Lalikulu - zimatetezedwa kwathunthu ndi First Amendment, pokhapokha ngati zigwiriridwa kapena kuseweretsa zolaula kapena china chilichonse. Tsopano muli ndi anthu omwe amadana ndi zolaula, koma tengani zomwe "Sindikukonda zomwe mumanena koma ndidzateteza kufikira imfa ufulu wanu woti muzinena", ndikuwona kuyesayesa kulikonse kosokoneza zolaula ngati "Un-American" / regression / kupondereza / kuyankha. Gahena, ngakhale okonda akazi ayamba kunena kuti zolaula zitha kupatsa mphamvu azimayi (ngakhale zolaula).

Komabe, palibe amene amaganiza zamtsogolo mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2000, pamene Johnny ndi Lisa amatha kupeza chilichonse chonyansa cha fetish ndi -philia mu High Definition mu nanosecond yokhala ndi intaneti yothamanga kwambiri (O man... mukukumbukira kudikira mphindi 5 kuti chithunzi chimodzi chitsitsidwe kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 90??? Pepani, kulemba izi kundibwezera m'mbuyo!). Masiku ano, ambiri a SUKULU YA PAKATI amatha kupeza chilichonse chonyansa cha fetish chomwe chakhalapo m'masekondi ndi chipangizo chomwe chingalowe m'thumba lawo.

Zolinga zambiri "zabwino" zasokonekera. Mfundo zomwe zimapezeka pachabe sizikhala zomveka nthawi zonse zenizeni, ndipo ukadaulo umasintha zinthu. Anthu amayamba kukhulupirira zinthu m'gulu la ziweto, ndipo aliyense amene amakayikira nzeru zanthawi zonse amanyozedwa. Madokotala amadana kuvomereza kuti alakwitsa ndipo amakana umboni wotsutsana mpaka atakokedwa ndikufuula ku chowonadi. Osanenapo zolaula ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimatumiza kwambiri ku America ndipo ndimakampani opanga ndalama mabiliyoni ochulukirapo pachaka (zimasokoneza malingaliro anga kuti aliyense amalipira zolaula, koma aliyense payekha).

Ndipo apo inu muli nacho icho. Pepani kukhala wotalika kwambiri koma malo anu anandipatsa kuganiza!