Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2012 Jun;22(3):545-51. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2011.09.009.
Grueter BA, Rothwell PE, Malenka RC.
SUʻESUʻEGA SUʻESUʻEGA
puna
Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry ma Sciences Behavioral, Faleaoga a le Iunivesite a Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States.
lē faʻatino
O le faʻataunuʻuina o fualaau faʻasaʻi ua mafua ai suiga i galuega faʻavaomalo i totonu o faʻalavelave faʻapitoa, lea e mafai ona faʻafefe pe faʻalavelave ai i le faʻaofiina o le palasitisi synaptic. O nei fetuʻunaʻiga faʻapitoa e aofia ai suiga i le nucleus accumbens (NAc), o se vailaau televise a le malo e taua tele mo le faʻamalosia o fualaau faasaina ma le faʻamalosia, faʻapea foi ma le faʻasalaga, lea e mafai ona faʻateleina le faʻaaogaina o fualaau faasaina. Talu ai ona o le amio amioga o fualaau faasaina o le faasaunoa e tumau, tumau pea le iloa o suiga faifaipea i ala tetele e faatosinaina e le ola maloloina i fualaau faasaina e taua tele. I totonu o le vailaʻau, ua faʻaalia ai fualaau faʻaleagaina i le faʻaaogaina o le venditic morphology, ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR) ma le faʻaaogaina o le synaptic plasticity. O le malamalama i auʻiliʻiliga auiliiliga o meaola laiti o loʻo faʻavaeina ai nei suiga i galuega a le matagaluega o le a tuʻuina atu ai faʻamatalaga pe faapefea ona faʻaaogaina e le faʻamalosiina le faʻaaogaina masani masani o aʻoaʻoga e maua ai amioga faʻaleaga.
faʻatomuaga
O le atinaʻe, alualu i luma, ma le faʻamausali o le tagofia o fualaau oona e manatu e aofia ai suiga tetele i le faʻasalalauga faʻasalalau i totonu o le telefoni ma vaʻalele gafalia fesoʻotaʻi. O loʻo faʻaalia i nei vaipanoa faʻaalia ituaiga eseese o le synaptic plasticity, lea e foliga mai e faʻaaogaina ma le faʻaleagaina e ala i le aafia i fualaau faʻasaʻi. O nei ituaiga o palasitisi e aofia ai le faʻamalosia o fesoʻotaʻiga fesoʻotaʻi, poʻo le umi o le vaʻalele (LTP), faʻapea foʻi ma lona faʻavaivaia, poʻo le faʻavaivai taimi umi (LTD). O nei suiga faʻapitoa e masani lava ona faʻaalia i latou o ni suiga i numera ma galuega a iGluR, e aofia ai faʻamaumauga AMPA (AMPAR) ma NMDA receptors (NMDARs). O le mea lea, e matua fiafia lava le faʻafefeina o faiga o le synaptic plasticity i le matagaluega femalagaaʻi lea e faʻamalosia ai itu taua o amioga faʻafeusuaiga.
Faaiuga ma faatonuga i le lumanai
E ala i le otootoina o atinaʻe talu ai nei i le vaega o le synaptic plasticity and addiction, ua matou faamamafaina ai nisi o faʻalauiloaina o aga. O le tele o suʻesuʻega e faʻaaogaina ai auala eseese ua tuʻuina atu ai faʻamatalaga faʻamaonia e uiga i le taimi o faʻatautaia o synaptic i le NAc, e mulimuli i le faʻalauiloa ma le faʻaalia pea o le koko, ma le toe faʻaaogaina / toe faʻaaogaina (Ata 1). Ae peitai, ua amata ona tatou malamalama i fetuunaiga synaptic i lalo o tulafono laiti, lea atonu e faapitoa le taua mo le tuai o le tagofia o mea ua fai ma vaisu e aofia ai le masani ai o fualaau faasaina. O le tele o tausaga o suʻesuʻega ua tele naua lo tatou malamalamaaga i le faʻamalosia o palasitino i fuainumera patino o le neuronal o le tumutumu, aemaise lava MSN o le auala tuusao ma le le tuusao, ma le matafaioi o nei ituaiga o masini i tali o amioga i fualaau faasaina. O le isi laasaga taua o le a faʻalauteleina nei auala e faʻataʻitaʻi ai le toe faʻaleleia ma toe faʻafoʻi - o se tasi o faafitauli sili ona luʻitau i le togafitiga o mea ua fai ma vaisu. Ma le mea mulimuli, o le optogenetic techniques ua mafai ai ona vavae le galuega o eseesega o meafaigaluega i le striatum
se auala e tatau ona faʻamalamalamaina ai pe faapefea ona faʻaaogaina synapses e nei ituaiga meafaigaluega eseese i fualaau faasaina. I le faaiuga, e tatau ona suʻesuʻeina le tele o vaega taua i vaega o galuega, i le maualuga o auala taʻitasi ina ia mafai ona malamalama atoatoa i le telefoni feaveaʻi ma amioga e mafua ai amioga faʻaosofia, faʻaaogaina o fualaau faasaina ma vaisu.
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