Faʻaaliga: E tusa ma le 28% (n = 359) o tamaloloa na togi i le (pe o luga atu) le fautuaina HBI aofaʻi o le tipiina o falemaʻi (≥53) e faʻailoa ai le i ai o se ono maua i feusuaʻiga.
J Behav Addict. 2016 Jun;5(2):169-78. Pule: 10.1556 / 2006.5.2016.036.
Kraus SW1,2,3, Martino S2,3, Potenza MN3,4.
lē faʻatino
Faʻamatalaga ma sini
O lenei suʻesuʻega na suʻesuʻeina ai le taatele o, ma itu fesoʻotaʻi ma, tamaloloa fiafia i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi.
Metotia
I le faʻaaogaina o faʻamatalaga o faʻamaumauga i luga ole Initaneti, matou te faʻaaogaina ai le 1,298 male faʻataʻitaʻikalafi e faʻaaogaina fesili e iloilo ai le amiomalo ma amioga tau feusuaiga, feusuaiga, faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi, ma le fiafia i le taimi nei e saili togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi.
i'uga
E tusa ma le 14% o tamaloloa na lipotia le fiafia e saili togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi, ae naʻo le 6.4% o aliʻi na sailia muamua togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. Togafitiga-fiafia tamaloloa na 9.5 taimi sili atu ono foliga mai lipotia taua tulaga maualuga o feusuaʻiga faʻatusatusa i togafitiga-le fiafia tagata (OR = 9.52, 95% CI = 6.72-13.49). Bivariate suʻesuʻega faʻailoa mai o le fiafia-i-sailiga-togafitiga tulaga na fesoʻotaʻi ma le nofofua / le faʻaipoipo, matamata tele ponokalafi i le vaiaso, auai i le sili atu tuʻu toatasi i le masina talu ai, talu ai ona itiiti dyadic oral feusuaiga i le masina talu ai, lipotia se talafaʻasolopito o le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi, ma le tele o taimi ua tuanaʻi taumafai e "tipi" pe faʻamutaina le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. Faʻaiuga mai le suʻesuʻega o le faʻavasegaina o faʻamaoniga e uiga i le tele o taimi e toʻesea ai / faʻamutaina taumafaiga ma ponokalafi ma togi i luga o le Hypersexual behaviour Inventory - O le pulea o le vaega sa avea ma tagata taua o le naunau-i-sailiga-togafitiga tulaga.
Talanoaga ma faaiuga
O suʻesuʻega suʻesuʻega e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e faʻamaonia ai faʻataʻitaʻiga o suʻesuʻega o loʻo faʻatatau i le faʻamalamalamaina o vaega patino o le pulea lelei o feusuaiga, le mautonu, ma / poʻo le faʻamalosi e fesoʻotaʻi ma le faʻafitauli faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi i tagata sailiili togafitiga.
FUAFUAGA: feusuaʻiga; ponokalafi; amioga feusuaʻi; tagata saili togafitiga
PMID: 27348557
FAIA: 10.1556/2006.5.2016.036
faʻatomuaga
O ponokalafi e faʻasino i tusitusiga poʻo mea o loʻo atagia mai i se uiga mataga faʻafeusuaiga e faʻamoemoe e faʻaosofia ai lagona feusuaʻi i le tagata faitau poʻo le maimoa. Ina ua suʻesuʻeina, 30% –70% o tamaʻitaʻi ma tamaʻitaʻi / faʻaipoipoga tama lipotia faʻafiafia faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi, ae toalaiti fafine lipotia matamata faʻafiafiaga faʻafiafiaina (<10%) (Morgan, 2011; Ross, Mansson, & Daneback, 2012; Wright, 2013). E ui o le matamata i ponokalafi o se tafaoga maloloina lelei mo le toatele o tagata taitoatasi (Hald & Malamuth, 2008), o nisi tagata latou te lipotia le faigata ona pulea a latou amio. Mo nei tagata taʻitoʻatasi, o le faʻalavelave tele faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi e faʻaalia i le faʻanoanoa, faʻaitiitia le pulea o le tagata lava ia, faʻaletonu o le vafealoai poʻo agavaʻa, ma le faʻaaogaina o mea faʻapitoa e faʻafeusuai ai faʻafeusuaiga e taulima ai le atuatuvale poʻo le mafaufau o le dysphoric (Kor et al., 2014; Kraus, Meshberg-Cohen, Martino, Quinones, & Potenza, 2015; Kraus, Potenza, Martino, & Grant, 2015; Kraus & Rosenberg, 2014). Faʻaaogaina faʻafitauli o ponokalafi e masani lava ona lipotia e i latou o loʻo sailia togafitiga mo amioga mataga faʻafeusuaiga / faʻafeusuaiga (de Tubino Scanavino et al., 2013; Kraus, Potenza, et al., 2015; Morgenstern et al., 2011). Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, na maua e tagata suʻesuʻe le tele o le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi (81%), faʻamalosi faʻamalosi (78%), ma le masani ona le masani ai / 45% (XNUMX%) faʻatasi ma amioga sili ona taatele na lipotia mai e tagata o loʻo sailia togafitiga mo feusuaʻiga (Reid et al., 2012).
O le faʻafeusuaiga e sili ona taatele i tagata (Kafka, 2010), ma i latou o loʻo sailia togafitiga o le a sili atu ona avea ma tagata Caucasian / paʻepaʻe nai lo isi ituaiga / aganuu (Farré et al., 2015; Kraus, Potenza, et al., 2015; Reid et al., 2012). O tau o le feusuaʻiga i totonu o le faitau aofaʻi o tagata e faʻatusatusa i le 3% -5%, faʻatasi ai ma tane matutua e aofia ai le toatele (80%) o tagata aafia (Kafka, 2010). O i latou e sailia togafitiga mo feusuaʻiga feusuaʻi e tele lava ono ausia le taʻiala mo faʻafitauli o le mafaufau comorbid (eg, popolevale ma le faʻanoanoa, faʻaogaina o vailaʻau, ma petipetiga) (> 50%) (de Tubino Scanavino et al., 2013; Kraus, Potenza, et al., 2015; Raymond, Coleman, & Miner, 2003) ma auai i amioga le mautinoa i le HIV (faʻataʻitaʻiga, feusuaʻiga lē tau toʻafilemu ma le tele o paʻaga feusuaʻi i taimi uma) (Coleman et al., 2010; Parsons, Grov, & Golub, 2012).
I le taimi nei, e leai se maliega autasi e uiga i le faʻamatalaga ma uiga faʻaalia o le feusuaʻiga (Kingston, 2015). O le faʻalavelave sili ona faigata ile faʻafeusuaʻiga i amioga tau feusuaʻiga ua manatu o se maʻi le mautonu (compulsive-compulsive)Grant et al., 2014), o se vaega o le faʻafitauli faʻafeusuaiga (HD) (Kafka, 2010), o se amioga e le o ni faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻafeusuaiga faatausala (Coleman, Raymond, & McBean, 2003), poʻo le avea ma vaisu (Kor, Fogel, Reid, & Potenza, 2013). O le tele o taʻiala ua faʻatulagaina mo le tutusa o faʻamatalaga a le HD ma i latou mo le faʻaaogaina o vailaʻau (SUD)Kor et al., 2013; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016). Aemaise lava, SUDs (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) ma le HD (Kafka, 2010) aofia ai ma faʻataʻitaʻiga diagnostic iloiloina faʻaletonu le faʻatonutonuina (ie, le manuia taumafaiga e faʻalelei pe taofi se amio, faigata pulea faʻataʻitaʻiga / manaʻoga) ma le faʻaaogaina lamatiaga (ie, faʻaaoga / amio e oʻo atu ai i tulaga mataʻutia, eg, soʻona inuina, punouai i le le gaoia feusuaiga). HD ma SUDs o loʻo iai foʻi ma tuʻutuʻuga na faʻaaogaina e iloilo ai le faʻaletonu o le soifuaga e fesoʻotaʻi ma le faʻaogaina o fualaʻau poʻo amioga feusuaʻi. Ae ui i lea, SUD taʻiala iloiloina faʻalagolago faʻaletino (ie, faʻapalepale ma aveʻesega), ae HD leai. I se faʻatusatusaga, HD tulaga ese aofia ai faʻatulagaina fuaina lagona faʻaleagaina lagona fesoʻotaʻi ma sili atu / faʻafitauli pipisi i feusuaʻiga amioga.
E ui lava i se faʻamanuiaga faʻapitoa i le fanua e lagolago ai le saʻo ma le faʻamaoni o taiala mo HD (Reid et al., 2012), le American Psychiatric Association (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) teena HD mai DSM-5. O le tele o atugaluga na tutupu e uiga i le le lava o suʻesuʻega e aofia ai le faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻamalositino ma le faʻatinoga, genetics, pathophysiology, epidemiology, ma neuropsychological testing (Piquet-Pessôa, Ferreira, Melca, & Fontenelle, 2014), faʻapea foʻi ma le atugaluga e mafai e le HD ona faʻaleagaina ai faʻamatalaga faʻapitoa mo le faʻataʻitaʻiina poʻo le maua o ni faʻamatalaga sese, ona o le leai o ni faʻamaʻotoga manino i le va o tulaga masani ma tulaga faʻaleagaina o tuʻinanauga ma amioga faʻafeusuaiga (Moser, 2013; Wakefield, 2012; Winters, 2010). O se iloiloga lata mai o lomiga na maua i le va o le tino ma le neurobiological tutusa i le va o HD ma SUDs; ae ui i lea, o loʻo le maua nei faʻamaumauga, o lea e faʻalavelaveina ai le faʻavasegaga, puipuiga ma togafitiga mo tagata suʻesuʻe ma fomaʻi (Kraus et al., 2016).
I le taimi nei, e itiiti se mea e iloa e uiga i mea taua e fesoʻotaʻi ma tagata taʻitoʻatasi ua manatu e manaʻomia le sailia o togafitiga mo amio feusuaʻiga e leʻi togafitiina - i lenei tulaga, faʻafitauli tele ma faʻafitauli o ponokalafi. I le taimi nei, na o le tasi le suʻesuʻega na suʻesuʻeina ai mea e aʻafia ai le fiafia o tagata i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. Gola, Lewczuk, ma Skorko (2016) maua o faʻamaoniga le lelei (eg, preoccupation, aafia, ma fegasoloaʻiga faʻasoesa ona o amioga feusuaʻi ma faʻaletonu le puleaina) fesoʻotaʻi ma faʻafitauli faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi na sili atu ona malosi fesoʻotaʻi ma togafitiga-sailia nai lo le aofaʻi o ponokalafi taumafaina. E ui lava o le tele / faʻafitauli faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi e masani ona lipotia e i latou o loʻo sailia togafitiga, e itiiti se mea e iloa e uiga i uiga o nei tagata. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, e le o mailoa poʻo fea vaega (eg, faʻataʻitaʻiga le faʻataʻamilomilo taumafaiga e faʻamuta, manaʻoga malosi / manaʻoga, ma faaletonu psychosocial) e fesoʻotaʻi ma manaʻoga mo togafitiga saili mo sili atu / faʻafitauli faʻaaogaina ponokalafi. E i ai ni faʻapitoa foliga e ono fesoasoani e faʻailoa ai tagata taʻitoʻatasi oe manaʻomia ma manaʻomia togafitiga mo faʻalavelave faʻafitauli o ponokalafi? I le taimi nei, o le suʻesuʻeina o faʻataʻitaʻiga ma faʻafitauli tau falemaʻi ua fuafuaina e faʻaleleia ai faʻafitauli e fesoʻotaʻi ma le tele o ponokalafi faʻaaogaina ma le le togafitia o feusuaʻiga, i se tulaga lautele, ua le maua i le Iunaite Setete ma fafo atu (Matau, Reid, Penberthy, Davis, & Jennings, 2014). O isi mea faʻapitoa e pei o le faʻalotu ma le le taliaina o le amiolelei e ono aʻafia ai le faʻamautinoaina ma le togafitiga o faʻafitauli faʻafitauli o ponokalafi. Mo se faataitaiga, o se suʻesuʻega talu ai nei na iloa ai le le taliaina e le lotu ma amioga lē lelei i ponokalafi le fuainumera o le "vaaia o mea ua fai ma vaisu" i ponokalafi i le Initaneti ae le fesootai i le tulaga o le faaaogaina e alii talavou e faaaoga ai ponokalafi (Grubbs, Exline, Pargament, Hook, & Carlisle, 2015). Malamalama pe faapefea ona le malamalama lelei ia mea e pei o le lotu / faaleagaga ma le le taliaina o le amio e aafia ai manaoga o tagata taitoatasi e saili togafitiga mo amioga feusuai talafeagai.
I le faʻaaogaina o faʻamaumauga mai le 1,298 tamaʻi ponokalafi tagata faʻaaoga, o lenei suʻesuʻega saili e faʻailoa mea moni (eg, demograpics ma feusuaiga talaʻaga uiga) fesoʻotaʻi ma tagata taʻutaʻua lava lipotia fiafia i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. Muamua, na matou suʻesuʻe pe o le a le pasene o tamaloloa o le a lipotia se fiafia i le taimi nei i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. Na matou manatu o le fua faatatau e fai si maualalo aua na matou faʻaputuputuina tagata auai mai se le togafiti suʻe faʻataʻitaʻi o aliʻi. Lona lua, matou suʻesuʻeina le faʻateleina o feusuaʻiga i totonu oa matou faʻataʻitaʻiga e faʻaaogaina ai le Hypersexual Behaviour Inventory (HBI) (Reid, Garos, & Kamuta, 2011). Na matou manatu o tamaloloa e fiafia i ai togafitiga o le a lipotia le maualuga o togi i luga o le HBI nai lo alii. Lona tolu, ona o le utiuti o faʻamatalaga o loʻo avanoa i tusitusiga, na matou suʻesuʻeina pe iai se vaega o le faitau aofaʻi o tagata ma tala feusuaʻiga na iloga i le va o aliʻi na fiafia pe le fiafia i togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. Faʻapitoa lava, matou suʻesuʻeina sootaga i le va o tagata auai uiga o se gaioiga o oe lava lipotia fiafia i togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. Na matou talitonu o tagata taʻitoʻatasi e fia saʻili togafitiga mo ponokalafi faʻaaogaina e ono lipotia mai: (a) le maualuga atu o vaiaso ma le umi ole faʻaogaina; (b) numera maualuga atu o taimi ua tuanaʻi e taumafai e tipi pe tuʻu le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi; ma (c) faʻateleina taimi o tuʻusaʻo toʻatasi i le masina talu ai.
Metotia
taualumaga
O faamaumauga na aoina mai i le 1,298 tagata na filifilia e avea o se vaega o suʻesuʻega faʻapitoa lea e suʻeina mea taua o se fesili (Self-initiated Pornography Use-Reduction Strategies Questionnaire) ua fuafuaina e fuaina le malosi o le tagata lava ia e faʻaaogaina ai le mafaufauina o le tagata lava ia- amioga faʻatino e fuafua e faʻaitiitia ai a latou ponokalafi faʻaaogaina (Kraus, Rosenberg, & Tompsett, 2015). Taiala mo le aofia ai o tane, o le 18 tausaga le matutua, ma le matamata i ponokalafi ia le itiiti ifo i le tasi i masina talu ai 6. Matou te tuʻuina atu se faʻamatalaga puupuu o le suʻesuʻega i le va o masina o Iuni-Iulai (2013) i luga o faʻasalalauga lautele, suʻesuʻega o le mafaufau, ma le upega tafailagi e fesoʻotaʻi ma le soifua maloloina. O le tele o faʻataʻitaʻiga (88%) na faʻapitoaina e faʻaaogaina ai faʻamatalaga na tusia i le Craigslist® (ie, o se faʻavasega tulaga 'upega tafaʻilagi faʻapitoa ma vaega tuʻuina atu i galuega, tagata, ma volenitia avanoa). O faʻasilasilaga na aofia ai se faʻamatalaga puʻupuʻu o le suʻesuʻega ma se fesoʻotaʻiga i lalo o le vaega "Community Volunteer" o le Craigslist e aofia ai talosaga mo le auai i suʻesuʻega suʻesuʻega ma galuega e le o ni suʻesuʻega. O le toeititi 12% o tagata na tali mai na sau mai le lafoina o se faʻamatalaga puʻupuʻu o le suʻesuʻega ma fesoʻotaʻiga luga o nofoaga e lua o le mafaufau-faʻavae nofoaga suʻesuʻega (eg, Psych Research ma Psych Hanover) ma isi 'upega tafaʻilagi e fesoʻotaʻi ma faʻataʻitaʻiga (eg, American Sexual Health Association).
Na matou faia ma le loto i ai e le ofoina atu se tasi po o le sili atu foi o taui e avea o se faʻamalosia ona matou te manaʻo e faʻaitiitia le ono mafai e tagata e le faʻaaogaina ponokalafi ona auai i le suʻesuʻega ma le faʻamoemoe o le manumalo i le taui. O le mea lea, o se faʻamalosi, matou te logoina tagata e $ 2.00 o le a foai atu i le American Cancer Society mo suʻesuʻega uma, ma le maualuga o le $ 150 foaʻi. Ina ua uma le maliega, na faʻamaonia e tane se faasologa o fesili na faʻaaogaina ina ia faʻaitiitia ai le faʻatonuga o le faʻatonuga. O se meafaigaluega i luga o le initaneti na faʻaaogaina le faasologa o fesili uma mo tagata auai taitasi sei vagana ai le numera o le numera o tagata, na oʻo mai mulimuli.
Tagata e Auai
Tagata auai uiga tausaga 34.4 tausaga (SD = 13.1). E tusa ma le 81% o tamaloloa e mai Amerika, 8% e omai mai Kanata, ma le 11% e mai isi atunuʻu e tautatala ile Igilisi (eg, United Kingdom ma Ausetalia). E tusa ma le 80% o aliʻi na lipotia le maimoaina o ponokalafi a itiiti mai e tasi i le vaiaso pe sili atu.
Fua
Pepa o fesili mo tagata
O lenei fesili na iloiloina ai le faitau aofai o tagata auai (faʻataʻitaʻiga, tausaga, tulaga o le faʻamaonia, ma le maualuga o aʻoaʻoga).
Fefaatauaiga feusuaiga
Sa matou faʻaaogaina se fesili na faʻaaogaina i suʻesuʻega talu ai e faʻatusatusa ai le talaaga o feusuaiga a le au faipisinisi (faʻataʻitaʻiga, numera o paaga feusuaʻiga, taimi o faʻamalolo, ma le tala faasolopito o faʻamaʻi pipisi)Kraus & Rosenberg, 2016; Kraus, Rosenberg, et al., 2015; Rosenberg & Kraus, 2014).
Tusi tafaoga talafaasolopito o talakalame
Matou te faʻaaogaina se fesili na faʻaaogaina i suʻesuʻega talu ai e faʻataʻitaʻi ai ata o ponokalafi o faʻataʻitaʻiga (faʻataʻitaʻiga, taimi o ponokalafi matamata, taimi faʻaalu e matamata ai ponokalafi i le vaiaso, numera o taumafaiga e "vavae ese" faʻaaoga ponokalafi, ma le toe taumafai e faʻaaoga ponokalafi)Kraus & Rosenberg, 2016; Kraus, Rosenberg, et al., 2015; Rosenberg & Kraus, 2014).
Suesueina o amioga faʻafaitauafafine (HBI)
O le HBI o se 19-mea faʻatau oloa lea e fuaina ai uiga o le feusuaʻiga - o lona uiga o le faia o amioga tau feusuaʻiga e tali atu ai i le atuatuvale poʻo le mafaufau o le mafaufau, toe faʻasolosolo taumafaiga e le puleaina manatu tau feusuaʻiga, uunaiga, amioga, ma le amio feusuaʻi e mafua ai le faʻaletonu i le galue (Reid et al., 2011). Tali e faʻatatau i le tele o taimi na latou iloa ai amioga faʻafeusuaiga taʻitasi (1 = leai; 5 = tele taimi). O togi i le HBI e amata mai le 19 i le 95 ma le togi e 53 (pe maualuga atu) o loʻo faʻailoa mai ai le iai o se faʻamaʻi "feusuaʻiga i feusuaʻiga." HBI aofaʻi ma ana vaega sa i ai sili lelei faʻatuatuaina i totonu (aofaʻi = α = 0.95; taulimaina α = 0.91; iʻuga α = 0.86; faʻatonutonu α = 0.93).
Le fiafia i le taimi nei i le sailia o togafitiga mo ponokalafi faʻaaogaina
Na matou suʻesuʻeina le manaʻo o tagata i le sailia o togafitiga mo faʻataʻitaʻiga e faʻaaoga e ala i le fai atu ia i latou e taʻu mai le "ioe" poʻo le "leai" i le fesili lenei: "E te manaʻo e sailia fesoasoani faʻapitoa mo au faʻaoga ponokalafi, ae leʻi faia ona o eseesega mafuaaga (faʻataʻitaʻiga, faʻalumaina, maasiasi, ma le mautinoa pe o fea e alu i ai). "
Tauliga ua mavae mo ponokalafi faʻaaogaina
Sa matou iloiloina le talafaasolopito o le au auai i le sailia o togafitiga mo ponokalafi e faaaoga e ala i le fai atu ia i latou e taʻu mai le "ioe" po o le "leai" i fesili nei: "Ua e sailia se fesoasoani faapolofesa ona o lou faaaogaina o ponokalafi (e ala i tomai faapitoa tatou te iloa o le a fesoasoani tele le togafitiga faʻapitoa na e maua? ") i luga o le lima tausaga, ("e le fesoasoani i taimi uma," "fesoasoani itiiti," "fesoasoani tele," "fesoasoani tele," ma "matua fesoasoani").
Suʻesuʻega faʻamaumauga
Na matou faʻaaogaina le SPSS-22 (IBM Corp. Faʻasaoina 2012. IBM SPSS Statistics mo Windows, 23.0 Version) mo fuainumera faʻamatalaga, Mann-Whitney U suega, suesuega a le Pearson chi-sikuea, ma se suʻesuʻega ole faʻatonuga o le faʻatinoga o le logistic. O tatou manatu autu e aofia ai le faʻatusatusaga i le va o togafitiga-e fiafia i ai ma togafitiga-tagata le lelei. Suʻega e lua itu ma le aotelega α maualuga o le 0.05 mo faʻaaogaga autu uma sa faʻafaigaluegaina.
Amio Taualoa
O taualumaga uma i lenei suʻesuʻega sa faia e tusa ai ma le Tautinoga o Helsinki. Na faamaonia e le Komiti Faatonu o Iloiloga a le Faalapotopotoga o Bowling Green State le suʻesuʻega. Na logoina tagata auai uma e uiga i le lautele o le suʻesuʻega ma faʻamaonia uma faʻamaonia tusitusia.
i'uga
O le faʻafeusuaiga ma ponokalafi e faʻaaoga ai uiga i tagata e faʻamalosia e ala i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi
Mai i 1,298 tagata taʻitasi na suʻesuʻeina, 14.3% (n = 186) lipotia se fiafia i le taimi nei i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. Itiiti tamaloloa (6.4%, n = 83) lipotia na muamua sailia togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi, ma i le averesi, oi latou na mauaina togafitiga faʻamasaniina na o sina fesoasoani tele (M = 2.7, SD = 1.2). I le 83 tamaloloa na muamua sailia togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi, 48.2% (n = 40) faʻailoa mai sa latou naunau i le taimi nei e saili togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi.
I le faʻaaogaina o le faʻataʻitaʻiga atoa, na matou iloa ai o le tele o togi mo le tele o faʻataʻitaʻiga o faʻataʻitaʻiga o 5.1 (SD = 1.8, faʻasolosolo = −0.46, kurtosis = −0.34) ma le 1.9 (SD = 1.4, skewness = 0.86, kurtosis = 0.34) mo le aofaʻi o taimi faʻaalu i vaiaso taʻitasi matamata ponokalafi. Faʻatusa 1 ma 2 faaali pasene mo le faʻaaogaina e tagata o ponokalafi ma le tele o le taimi sa latou faʻaaluina i vaiaso taʻitasi e matamata ai i ponokalafi e ala i le fiafia o tagata i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi.
Ata 1. Pasene o alii e fiafia i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi e faʻafia ona faʻaaogaina ponokalafi
Ata 2. Pasene o alii e fiafia i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi e ala i le tele o taimi faʻaalu e matamata ai i ata mataga
Ata 3. Pasene o alii e fiafia i togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi e le HBI clinical cutoff score (≥53)
Na fuafuaina foi numera HBI. O siʻosiʻomaga e pei ona taua i lalo: HBI atoa (M = 43.2, SD = 17.9, skewness = 0.74, kurtosis = −0.13), fofoina (M = 17.6, SD = 7.4, skewness = 0.41, kurtosis = −0.61), iʻuga (M = 7.8, SD = 4.0, skewness = 1.2, kurtosis = 0.74), ma le faʻatonutonuina (M = 17.8, SD = 8.7, faʻasolosolo = −0.46, kurtosis = −0.24). E tusa ma le 28% (n = 359) o aliʻi na sikoa i le (pe o luga atu) le tuʻufaʻatasiga o le HBI ile aofaʻi o le falemaʻi (≥53) e faʻailoa mai ai le iai o le HD. Pei o le Ata 3 o faʻaaliga, o le fiafia o tagata i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi e fesoʻotaʻi lelei ma le fonotaga poʻo le sili atu i le HBI le aofaʻiga atoa o le falemai [χ2 (1) = 203.27, p <0.001, Cramer's V = 0.40, PO = 9.52, 95% CI = 6.72–13.49].
E ui lava o le skewness ma le kurtosis sikuea sa i totonu o le mafuaaga (± 1.5) mo faʻaauau suiga faifaipea (lipotia i luga), na matou filifili e faia se suʻega Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) e fuafua ai pe i ai sa matou faʻasoa masani mo le faʻataʻitaʻiga. O faʻamatalaga mo le suʻega K-S sa taua (uma ps <0.001), faʻailoa mai ai o le manatu o le tufatufa masani na le ausiaina mo le HBI aofaʻi, HBI subscales, taimi o ponokalafi faʻaaogaina, ma le aofaʻi o taimi faʻaalu i vaiaso taʻitasi matamata ponokalafi. O le mea lea, na matou faʻaaogaina suʻega e leʻo faʻataʻitaʻi (Mann – Whitney U suega) mo fesuiaiga faifai pea, ma faʻaaogaina Pearson sik-square suega mo fesuiaiga eseese.
O suʻesuʻega na faʻailoa mai, pe a faʻatusatusa i aliʻi e le fiafia i togafitiga, o aliʻi e fiafia ile faʻamalositino e foliga mai e nofofua ma e laititi le feusuaʻiga na faia i le tuugamau (30 aso ua tuanaʻi), o le tele o faʻataʻitaʻiga "tipi" ma ponokalafi, ma le tele o taumafaiga faʻamuta ma ponokalafi. E foliga mai na latou sailia muamua togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi, faia i le sili atu toʻatasi toʻatasi (30 aso ua tuanaʻi), ma sili atu togi i luga o le HBI aofaʻi ma tolu vaega. Matou te leʻi mauaina ni eseesega taua i le va o togafitiga-fiafia ma tamaloloa le fiafia i aʻoaʻoga, tulaga o le olaga, feusuaʻiga, feusuaiga lata mai o le dyadic (fusi, anal, poʻo le feusuaiga faʻatasi), talaʻaga o faʻamaʻi pipisi mai feusuaiga, ma le numera o feusuaiga i le olaga atoa. paʻaga (tagai Lisi 1 mo faʻamatalaga auiliili).
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Laulau 1. Taʻitaʻifaleli ma le faʻafeusuaiga tulaga taua e fesootaʻi ma le fiafia o tagata taitoatasi i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi
| Tului i togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ioe (n = 186) | Leai (n = 1,111) | |||
| Suesue uiga | % / M (SD) | % / M (SD) | χ2 / Z | pFaʻafetai |
| tausaga | 32.8 (11.6) | 34.6 (13.3) | 1.37 | 0.17 |
| tulaga o le faaipoipoga | ||||
| Nofofua, e le o tafao faamasani i le taimi nei | 37.1 | 29.3 | 9.27 | |
| Nisi tafaoga faamasani ae le faapitoa | 21.0 | 16.7 | ||
| Faʻaipoipo / faʻaipoipo | 41.9 | 54.0 | ||
| Aʻoaʻoga | ||||
| Maualuga faauu | 22.2 | 15.9 | 4.72 | 0.19 |
| Nisi kolisi | 28.6 | 32.5 | ||
| Faʻailoga tikeri | 13.0 | 12.7 | ||
| Faʻailoga tikeri pe maualuga atu | 36.2 | 38.8 | ||
| Tulaga ola | ||||
| toʻatasi | 21.6 | 21.5 | 0.01 | 0.99 |
| Ma uo potu | 17.3 | 17.6 | ||
| Ma paʻaga / aiga tagata | 61.1 | 60.8 | ||
| Faʻasalalauga feusuaʻi | ||||
| Faʻafeusuaiga | 70.3 | 71.8 | 0.25 | 0.88 |
| Gay | 11.6 | 11.7 | ||
| Bisexual | 18.0 | 16.5 | ||
| Atunuu na afua mai | ||||
| ISA | 78.0 | 81.7 | 1.76 | 0.41 |
| Kanata | 10.8 | 8.1 | ||
| Isi atunuʻu Igilisi e tautatala | 11.3 | 10.3 | ||
| Faʻamatalaga i le uepisaite | ||||
| Craigslist® | 91.9 | 87.4 | 3.10 | 0.08 |
| Isi 'upega tafaʻilagi | 8.1 | 12.6 | ||
| Faʻafitauli faʻafeusuaiga | ||||
| ioe | 11.3 | 15.2 | 1.95 | 0.18 |
| leai | 88.7 | 84.8 | ||
| Ulugalii faigaaiga feusuai | ||||
| 10 pe paʻu paaga | 58.1 | 53.3 | 3.75 | 0.15 |
| 11-20 paʻaga | 18.3 | 24.6 | ||
| 30 + paaga | 23.7 | 21.9 | ||
| Fesoʻotaʻiga faʻafefe (masina talu ai) | ||||
| ioe | 48.1 | 55.2 | 3.21 | 0.08 |
| leai | 51.9 | 44.8 | ||
| Fesootaiga mataga (masina talu ai) | ||||
| ioe | 25.3 | 20.8 | 1.89 | 0.17 |
| leai | 74.7 | 79.2 | ||
| Gagana tautalaga (masina talu ai) | ||||
| ioe | 54.6 | 63.5 | 5.29 | |
| leai | 45.5 | 36.5 | ||
| Masturbation Mutuale (masina talu ai) | ||||
| ioe | 46.7 | 54.0 | 3.35 | 0.08 |
| leai | 53.3 | 46.0 | ||
| O le masina ua tuanaʻi o le masturbation | ||||
| 10 taimi pe itiiti | 31.0 | 36.8 | ||
| 11-20 taimi | 25.5 | 30.3 | 7.88 | |
| 21 + taimi | 43.5 | 32.9 | ||
| Faʻataʻitaʻiga o le Amio Taufaʻatasi | ||||
| HBI aofaʻi togia | 62.4 (17.8) | 40.0 (15.8) | 14.16 | |
| HBI kopiina o le lafogab | 22.7 (7.5) | 16.8 (7.1) | 9.50 | |
| HBI taunuuga maualaloc | 11.6 (4.5) | 7.1 (3.5) | 12.43 | |
| HBI puleaina puleainad | 28.1 (8.4) | 16.1 (7.5) | 15.23 | |
| Sa sailia pea togafitiga mo le porn | ||||
| ioe | 21.5 | 3.9 | 82.83 | |
| leai | 78.5 | 96.1 | ||
| E tele taimi e faaaoga ai ponokalafi faalevaiaso | 5.5 (1.9) | 5.1 (1.8) | 3.68 | |
| Le tele o le taimi na faʻaaluina e matamata ai i porn i vaiaso taitasi | 2.4 (1.6) | 1.9 (1.3) | 4.95 | |
| Oti ese taumafaiga i le porn | ||||
| 0 o taumafai ("leai") | 12.9 | 65.5 | 216.04 | |
| 1-to-3 taumafaiga ua mavae | 40.9 | 23.4 | ||
| 4 + taumafaiga ua tuanai | 46.2 | 11.2 | ||
| Faʻasolo taumafaiga i le porn | ||||
| 0 o taumafai ("leai") | 25.3 | 75.0 | 251.05 | |
| 1-to-3 taumafaiga ua mavae | 34.4 | 19.2 | ||
| 4 + taumafaiga ua tuanai | 40.3 | 5.8 | ||
tusi. Pearson chi-sikuea suega na faʻaaogaina mo fesuiaiga eseese. Mann-Whitney U suega (Z score) na faʻaaogaina mo faʻaauau pea. O faʻamaoni faʻamaoni e fai ma sui o fuainumera taua p <0.05.
aLautele, 19-95.
bLautele, 7-35.
cLautele, 4-20.
dLautele, 8-40.
Na sosoo ai, sa matou faia se suʻesuʻega o le faʻatonutonuina o le faʻaogaina o le logistic e iloa ai faʻafitauli e fesoʻotaʻi ma le tului-togafitiga-togafitiga. Ina ia faʻaitiitia faʻafitauli o le ituaiga I sese, matou te ulu atu i le ata na o fuainumera taua i p <0.001. O le faʻataʻitaʻiga sa taua tele, ist2 = 394.0, p <0.001, ma le df = 10, ma faʻamatalaina 46.7% (Nagelkerke's R2) ole aofaiga ole feteʻenaʻi. O le faʻavasegaga o le 43.5% oi latou e fiafia i togafitiga; 96.6% mo i latou ua le lelei i togafitiga; ma le aofaʻiga atoa o 89.0%. E pei o le Laulau 2 e faʻaalia ai le taua o le 1-to-3 ma le 4 + "faʻasolosolo" faʻataʻitaʻiga ma ponokalafi, o le 4 + ua le toe taumafai e matamata i ponokalafi, ma ua tele naua i luga o le puleaina o le HBI.
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Laulau 2. Fuainumera faamaumauina o le fiafia i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faaaogaina o ponokalafi
| Suesue uiga | B | SE B | Faʻaluina OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| E tele taimi e faʻaaoga ai ponokalafi | 0.04 | 0.07 | 1.04 (0.91, 1.19) |
| Le tele o le taimi i vaiaso taʻitasi e matamata ai porn | 0.12 | 0.08 | 1.12 (0.96, 1.32) |
| Sa sailia pea togafitiga mo le porn | 0.43 | 0.30 | 1.54 (0.86, 2.77) |
| Toe taumafai taumafaiga | |||
| 0 taumafai | 1.61 | 0.30 | 1.00 |
| 1-to-3 taumafaiga ua mavae | 1.43 | 0.36 | 4.98 (2.76, 8.99)* |
| 4 + taumafaiga ua tuanai | 4.18 (2.05, 8.55)* | ||
| Faʻasolo taumafaiga | |||
| 0 taumafai | 0.48 | 0.27 | 1.00 |
| 1-to-3 taumafaiga ua mavae | 1.17 | 0.35 | 1.61 (0.95, 2.73) |
| 4 + taumafaiga ua tuanai | 3.23 (1.63, 6.38)* | ||
| HBI kopiina o le lafoga | -0.02 | 0.02 | 0.98 (0.95, 1.02) |
| HBI taunuuga maualalo | 0.01 | 0.04 | 1.01 (0.94, 1.09) |
| HBI puleaina puleaina | 0.13 | 0.02 | 1.14 (1.10, 1.18)* |
tusi. Polokalame logistic e vavalo ai le ono mafai ona fiafia tagata i le sailia o fesoasoani faʻapolofesa mo faʻataʻitaʻiga. Faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻapitoa: χ2 = 394.0, p <0.001 ma df = 10. Nagelkerke's R2 = 46.7%. Faavasegaina: 43.5% o i latou manaʻomia polofesa fesoasoani; 96.6% i latou e le manaʻomia se fesoasoani faʻapolofesa; ma le aofai e 89.0%. Taua faʻamalosi tino faʻatusatusaina taua taua i p <0.05.
*p <0.01.
Ina ia mafai ona suʻesuʻe fegalegaleaiga i le va o kulupu eseese i feusuaʻiga ma le sailia o togafitiga tulaga, na vaevaeina alii i le fa vaega: (a) togafitiga-fiafia tamaloloa ma feusuaʻiga (n = 132); (b) tamaloloa le fiafia i togafitiga ma feusuaʻiga (n = 227); (c) tamaloloa fiafia i togafitiga e aunoa ma le feusuaʻi ma fafine (n = 54); ma le mea mulimuli, (d) togafitiga-tamaloa le fiafia e aunoa ma feusuaʻiga (n = 884). I le taumafaiga e faʻailoa le faʻailoaina o uiga faʻafomaʻi i totonu o nei vaega e fa, sa matou faia suʻesuʻega suʻesuʻega ma filifiliga filifilia o feusuaiga-talaʻaga. Pei ona faʻaalia i le Laulau 3, na matou iloa ai o tagata togafitiga-faʻafeiloaʻi ma le faʻafeusuaiga faʻafeusuaiga e masani ona faʻateleina ma faʻasalalauina nisi taumafaiga i le taimi ua mavae, pe o le faʻaaogaina poʻo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi e faʻatusatusa i isi vaega.
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Laulau 3. Filifili tulaga taua o talafesootai e fesootaʻi ma le fiafia o tagata taitoatasi i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi e ala ile tulaga feusuaʻi
| Suesue uiga | Tx-fiafia i feusuaʻiga (n = 132) | Tusa feusuaʻiga e le masani ai (n = 227) | Tx-e fiafia i le le faʻafeusuaiga (n = 54) | Tx-le fiafia i le le faʻafeusuaiga (n = 884) | χ2/F | pFaʻafetai |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % / M (SD) | % / M (SD) | % / M (SD) | % / M (SD) | |||
| Feusuaʻiga tau feusuaiga | 10.93 | 0.09 | ||||
| 10 pe paʻu paaga | 53.8 | 48.0 | 68.5 | 54.6 | ||
| 11-20 paʻaga | 20.5 | 26.0 | 13.0 | 24.5 | ||
| 30 + paaga | 25.8 | 26.0 | 18.5 | 20.8 | ||
| Masina faalemasina | 15.89 | |||||
| 10 taimi pe itiiti | 28.2 | 32.4 | 37.1 | 38.0 | ||
| 11-20 taimi | 26.0 | 27.5 | 24.5 | 31.0 | ||
| 21 + taimi | 45.8 | 40.1 | 37.7 | 31.1 | ||
| Taimi masani o le faaaogaina o porn | 5.7 (1.8)a | 5.6 (1.7)a | 4.9 (2.0)b | 4.9 (1.7)b | 14.12 | |
| Le tele o taimi e matamata ai i ata mataga | 2.4 (1.2)d | 2.2 (1.2)d, i | 1.9 (1.2)i, e | 1.7 (1.2)e | 20.64 | |
| Oti ese taumafaiga | 299.8 | |||||
| 0 o taumafai ("leai") | 10.6 | 47.6 | 18.5 | 70.0 | ||
| 1-to-3 taumafaiga ua mavae | 32.6 | 31.3 | 61.1 | 21.4 | ||
| 4 + taumafaiga ua tuanai | 56.8 | 21.1 | 20.4 | 8.6 | ||
| Faʻasolo taumafaiga | 323.1 | |||||
| 0 o taumafai ("leai") | 22.0 | 56.8 | 33.3 | 79.6 | ||
| 1-to-3 taumafaiga ua mavae | 30.3 | 29.1 | 44.4 | 16.6 | ||
| 4 + taumafaiga ua tuanai | 47.7 | 14.1 | 22.2 | 3.7 |
tusi. Pearson chi-sikuea suega na faʻaaogaina mo fesuiaiga eseese. E tasi le auala ANOVA na faʻaaogaina mo faʻaauau pea.
Faʻatalanoaina o faʻamatalaga iloga (eseʻese le taua tele) na faʻataʻitaʻiina pe o le a le uiga e matua ese lava (p <0.05). Na matou faʻaaogaina tusitusiga e faʻailoa ai le mea e le taua tele (p <0.05). Taua faʻamalolosi faʻailoa taua i p <0.05.
Talanoaga
O lenei suʻesuʻega na suʻesuʻeina ai le faʻaogaina o, ma mea e fesoʻotaʻi ma le fiafia o tagata i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. O le suʻesuʻega na maua e tusa ma le tasi o alii e toafitu na lipotia mai se manaʻoga lata mai i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi, ae leʻi faia, atonu ona o le maasiasi, maasiasi, poʻo le leai o se malamalama e uiga i le mea e alu i ai mo se fesoasoani. E toaitiiti alii i le suʻesuʻega (6.4%) na lipotia muamua le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. Na matou iloa e tusa ma le afa o na alii sa sailia muamua le togafitiga o loʻo faʻaalia pea se manaʻoga mo se fesoasoani faʻapitoa, e ui lava o le tele na taʻu mai o le togafitiga e na o le fesoasoani tele.
O le isi, matou te suʻeina lipoti o le feusuaiga e pei ona fuaina i le HBI (Reid et al., 2011). E pei ona taua, na matou iloa ai na lipotia mai e le au togafitiga e sili atu le maualuga i luga o le HBI atoa ma o siʻitaga pe a faatusatusa i tamaʻi togafiti. Aʻo faʻaaoga le falemaʻi ua fautuaina - faʻaitiitia le togi o le 53 poʻo le maualuga i luga o le HBI, matou iloa ai e tusa o 28% (n = 359) o tamaloloa uma na suʻesuʻe lelei mo le mafai HD. O lenei fua faatatau e matua maualuga atu nai lo fua faatatau o feusuaʻiga i le lautele o tagata, lea e amata mai i le 3% i le 5% mo tagata e le o sailia togafitiga.Kafka, 2010). Matou te talitonu o la matou fua faatatau e sili atu le maualuga ona o la matou auala e faʻafaigaluegaina ai (e pei o le initaneti luga o le upega tafaʻilagi lea e faʻatatau i tamaloloa faʻafeusuaiga) ma e le tatau ona faʻamatalaina e pei o le faʻaalia o tagata masani faʻataʻitaʻi ponokalafi i le lautele. O nei suʻesuʻega e le tatau ona faʻamatalaina ao fautuaina e 28% o faʻataʻitaʻiga uma o ponokalafi ia faʻafitauli i le feusuaʻi; nai lo lena, oa tatou sailiga e na o le vavalalata i le va o le vavalalata ma le faʻafitauli o le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi e tupu i nisi tagata. I le avea ai o se tasi o faʻataʻitaʻiga, na matou iloa ai o le 71% o alii na faʻaalia le naunau i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi na feiloai pe sili atu i le HBI clinical cutoff score. O lenei sailiga e taʻu mai ai, i se tulaga masani, o alii e lipotia se naunau i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi o loʻo faʻamaonia lipoti tonu e fesootaʻi ma feusuaiga.
Na matou suʻesuʻeina foi pe i ai se faitauga ma se talaaga o feusuaiga-eseesega eseesega i le va o tamaloloa e fiafia pe le fiafia i togafitiga mo ponokalafi faʻaaoga. O matou faʻataʻitaʻiga sa lagolagoina. Faʻapitoa lava, na matou mauaina e faʻatusatusa i aliʻi e le fiafia i togafitiga, o aliʻi e fiafia i togafitiga e faʻaaoga tele ponokalafi (i taimi uma ma le umi), e tele taumafaiga faʻasolosolo ma ponokalafi, na sili atu le faʻamutaina o taumafaiga ma ponokalafi, ma auai i maualuga maualuga o tuʻusaʻo toʻatasi. i le masina ua teʻa. Na matou mauaina foi le fiafia o tamaloloa i togafitiga na fesoʻotaʻi ma le tulaga o le soʻotaga (nofofua), taimi masani o feusuaiga i totonu o le 30 aso ua tuanaʻi, ma le talafaʻasolopito o le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. O le isi, o se binary logistic regression analysis na maua ai o le 1-to-3 ma le 4+ "faʻaititia" taumafaiga ma ponokalafi, lipotia 4+ faʻamuta taumafaiga ma ponokalafi, ma togi i luga o le HBI pulea subscale o taua taua o le fiafia i-saili- tulaga togafitiga. O le mea mulimuli lava, na matou suʻesuʻeina pe i ai ni eseʻesega i uiga faʻapitoa o aliʻi ma e aunoa ma le feusuaʻi e ala i togafitiga-sailia-tului tulaga. Faʻapitoa lava, na matou iloa ai o aliʻi e fiafia i togafitiga e masani ona mimisa ma lipotia le tele o taimi ua tuanaʻi taumafai e tipi i tua pe faʻamutaina le faʻaaogaina o ata mataga faʻatusatusa i isi vaega uma.
I le aotelega, o suʻesuʻega o loʻo iai i le taimi nei o loʻo faʻamaonia ai o le fiafia i togafitiga e mafai ona faʻamatalaina, i se vaega, e uiga i le ponokalafi o le aufaasālalau o le "le toe puleaina" ia latou feusuaiga ma amio e fesootaʻi ma ponokalafi. E le gata i lea, e fiafia tagata e togafitia togafitiga faʻataʻitaʻiina (faʻataʻitaʻiga, toe faʻaaogaina taumafaiga e faʻaaogaina pe faʻaaoga le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi) ma faʻafeusuaʻiga faʻafeusuaiga (faʻataʻitaʻiga, manaʻoga malosi ma manaʻoga faʻafeusuaiga) e fesootaʻi ma le faigata ona faʻatonutonuina le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. Both SUD (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) ma le HD (Kafka, 2010) o tulaga faʻamaonia e aofia ai le pulea lelei o le tagata lava ia, ma fai mai o le faʻaaogaina faʻafitauli o ponokalafi e mafai ona tutusa faʻatasi ma isi amioga ua fai ma vaisu. O le le lelei o le puleaina o le mafaufau o se vaega tutotonu lea o le HD, lea e fuafua ai oi latou e aafia i le tulaga o le poto masani o le tele o taumafaiga le faamanuiaina e faatapulaa le taimi e faaaluina i le faia o feusuaiga, tuinanau, ma amioga e tali atu i lagona o le mafaufau po o mea faigata (Kafka, 2010). E talitutusa ma se isi suʻesuʻega (Gola et al., 2016), na matou iloa o le pulea lelei o le pulea e le tagata lava ia o amioga feusuai e mafai ona avea ma se taua taua mo tagata e fiafia i togafitiga mo le faaaogaina o ponokalafi ma atonu e taua le faailoaina o tagata faaaoga atonu e manaomia le fesoasoani faapolofesa. E le gata i lea, o le maualuga o le lagona o le "le pulea" i amioga tau feusuaʻiga e faʻamalosia ai faʻataʻitaʻiga o amioga faʻataʻitaʻiga o amioga e tumau pea e le o faʻamatalaina i tusitusiga. O a matou sailiga e fautua mai ai amioga e pei o le toe taumafai e le faʻaaoga pe faʻaaoga le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi e fai ma faʻataʻitaʻiga mo tagata taʻitoʻatasi o loʻo fuaina le lelei o le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi po o isi amioga faʻafeusuaiga.
O suʻesuʻega faaopoopo e manaʻomia ina ia malamalama pe aisea na le fetaui (po o le sili atu foi) le 29% o tane oe na lipotia mai se fiafia i togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. Aemaise lava, e taua le malamalama pe o nisi mea taua (eg, tulaga o le va fealofani, tulaga o le faʻalelotu, ma tulaga taua / talitonuga a le tagata lava ia) e ono aʻafia i le fiafia o le tagata lava ia i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. E tusa ai ma nei tulaga, o le faʻalotu ma le amio le taliaina o ponokalafi na faʻataʻitaʻiina fuainumera faʻamaonia i ponokalafi i le Initaneti ae le fesoʻotaʻi ma le faʻaaogaina o tama talavou e faʻaaoga ponokalafi (Grubbs et al., 2015). Malamalama i mea taua, e le gata i le faamoemoe ma le taua, e fesoasoani i le filifiliga a se tasi e saili le fesoasoani mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi po o isi faafitauli faʻafeusuaiga e faatalitali mo suʻesuʻega i le lumanaʻi.
O suʻesuʻega nei ei ai aʻafiaga mo togafitiga faʻapitoa. Tuʻuina masani faʻafitauli o le mafaufau o le mafaufau i tagata maʻi o loʻo sailia togafitiga mo faʻafitauli faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi (Kraus, Potenza, et al., 2015; Reid et al., 2012), o le atinaʻeina o faiga mataʻituina lelei e iloagofie ai amioga ma mafaufauga o aʻafiaga e fesoʻotaʻi ma le le lava o le pulea e mafai ona aoga mo le faʻamalamalamaina o tagata e leai ni togafitiga faʻafeusuaiga e faʻaaogaina ponokalafi. O faalauiloa faalauiloa faalauaitele o le soifua maloloina e mafai ona taulai atu i le faailogaina o faailoilo / faailoga e fesootai ma le feusuaiga po o le faafitauli o ponokalafi matamata, talu ai o foliga patino e fesootai ma manaoga-mo-togafitiga. E le gata i lea, o le mamanuina o mea e siakiina ai iloiloga mo vaega patino o le pulea lelei o feusuaiga, le mautonu, ma / poʻo le faʻamalosia e mafai ona sili atu le logoina o auala mo le faia o togafitiga e sailia togafitiga,Reid, 2007).
O le tasi o mea e ono mafai ona faia i le suʻesuʻega nei o loʻo aofia ai le faʻaaogaina o fua faatatau o le lipoti a le tagata lava ia e aoina ai faʻamatalaga i luga o faʻamalamalamaga o tagata lautele ma uiga tau feusuaiga ma le feusuaiga. O faʻamaumauga a le tagata lava ia e faʻalagolago i mafaufauga o tagata taitoatasi ma le naunau e faʻaalia a latou amio feusuaʻi. Ae ui i lea, o le faʻaaogaina o le Initaneti atonu na fesoasoani i le faateleina o le le amanaiaina ma le faʻaitiitia o le faʻaaogaina e tagata suʻesuʻe; ae ui i lea, o lenei avanoa e tumau pea le taumatemate. O le faʻaaogaina o faʻamatalaga faʻasalalauga e le mafai ona tautala i le mafuaʻaga poʻo le faʻamalosiaga o faʻalapotopotoga ua matauina. O faʻamaoniga e le mafai foi ona faʻamalamalamaina i tagata taʻitoʻatasi e mananao e togafitiga mo isi ituaiga o amioga feusuaʻiga (eg, masaniga le masani ai, e le masani ona faʻaipoipoina, faʻasalaga mataga, ma feusuaʻi). E le gata i lea, o lenei suesuega e le aofia ai tamaitai. E ui o le HD e sili atu ona lipotia i alii, o tamaitai feusuaʻi e lipotia le maualuga o le masturbation frequency, numera o paaga feusuaiga, ma le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi (Klein, Rettenberger, & Briken, 2014). I le taimi nei, e manaʻomia suʻesuʻega faʻapitoa e suʻesuʻe ai le faʻaogaina o, ma mea e fesootaʻi ma, le fiafia o tamaitai i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi poʻo isi amioga faʻafeusuaiga. O le tapulaʻa mulimuli o le suʻesuʻega o loʻo i ai nei, tatou te leʻi fuaina le tuuga / ituaiga o tagata auai, ae nai lo lena, fesili e uiga i lo latou atunuu o nofo ai. O faʻamaumauga e le faʻamaonia e faʻamaonia ai o tagata taitoatasi e sailia togafitiga mo feusuaʻiga e ono sili atu i tagata paʻepaʻe / Caucasian faʻatusatusa i isi vaega (Farré et al., 2015; Kraus, Potenza, et al., 2015; Reid et al., 2012); Ae ui i lea, o le lapataiga e fautuaina ona o le le lava o faʻamatalaga o le epidemiological faʻatasi ma talu ai ona o faʻasalalauga sosaiete poʻo faʻalapotopotoga / eseʻesega faʻalapotopotoga o loʻo lipotia i isi nofoaga e mafai ona faʻamatalaina, i se isi vaega, e isi itu e pei o le mauaina o tagata e tuʻuina atu togafitiga (Kraus et al., 2016). O le suʻesuʻega i le lumanaʻi e tatau ona aofia ai vailaau fuafuaina o le ituaiga / ituaiga ona oa latou fegalegaleaiga ma le fiafia i togafitiga mo faafitauli faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi poʻo feusuaiga e le manino.
faaiuga
O lenei suʻesuʻega na faʻaalia ai uiga i alii e fesoʻotai ma manaʻoga na lipotia e le tagata lava ia i le sailia o togafitiga mo le faʻaaogaina o ponokalafi. O suʻesuʻega faʻapitoa e manaʻomia e suʻesuʻeina ai nei uiga i fafine ma tagata o loʻo lipotia faafitauli i nisi ituaiga o amioga faʻafeusuaiga (eg, feusuaiga ma le leai o se igoa). O suʻesuʻega i le lumanaʻi e manaʻomia e faʻamaonia ai mea e mafai ona puipuia mai le tausiga (faʻataʻitaʻiga, togafitiga o togafitiga, mea tau tupe, mea faʻapitoa o le mafaufau e uiga i le faʻamaasiasi ma le maasiasi, ma le faʻamaonia) ma le faʻamalosia mo le togafiti togafitiga mo i latou e naunau e mauaina le fesoasoani e faʻaaoga ai le ponokalafi.
SWK (Principal Investigator) na fesoasoani i le uluai suʻesuʻega suʻesuʻe, faʻamaumauga o faʻamaumauga, faʻamatalaina o taunuʻuga, ma tusia le tusitusiga. SM ma MNP na tuʻufaʻatasia le faʻamatalaina o taunuʻuga, faʻasologa o tusitusiga, ma le faʻataʻitaʻiga mulimuli. SWK ei ai le matafaioi mulimuli mo le filifiliga e tuʻuina atu mo le lolomiina. O tusitala uma sa i ai le avanoa atoa i faʻamaumauga uma i totonu o le suʻesuʻega ma ave matafaioi mo le faʻamaoni o faʻamaumauga ma le sao o le auiliiliga o faʻamaumauga.
Ua lipotia mai e tusitala le leai o ni feteenaiga e tusa ai ma le anotusi o lenei tusitusiga. SWK ma SM e leai ni mafutaga e faʻaalia. Na fesiligia e le MNP ma fautuaina Ironwood, Lundbeck, INSYS, Shire, ma le RiverMend Health, ma ua maua le fesoasoani mai le Mohegan Sun Casino, le Nofoaga Tutotonu a le National Fun Responsible Gaming, ma Pfizer, ae leai se tasi o nei faalapotopotoga na lagolagoina le sailiga o loo i ai nei.
mau faasino
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