J Behav Addict. 2019 Sep 11: 1-9. Pule: 10.1556 / 2006.8.2019.47.
Brahim FB1, Rothen S2,3, Bianchi-Demicheli F3, Courtois R1,4, Khazaal Y5,6.
lē faʻatino
TULAGA MA MANATU:
Ua faʻapupulaina fesoʻotaʻi le Cybersex ma popolega e uiga i le faʻamalosi. O le faʻamoemoe o lenei suʻesuʻega o le iloiloina lea o matafaioi o faʻapogai ma manaoga tau feusuaʻiga i le faʻaaogaina o le cybersex.
METHODS:
O le faʻataʻitaʻiga e aofia ai le 306 tagata faʻatautaia i luga o le cybersex (150 alii ma tamaitai 156). O tagata na auai na iloiloina e faʻaaogaina le Suega Faʻaaogaina o le Initaneti (CIUS) faʻafeiloaʻi mo le cybersex, o le Cybersex Motives Questionnaire (faʻaleleia, felagolagomaʻi, ma tu ma aga faʻaagafesoʻotaʻi), ma le Inventory Desire Inventory-2 (dyadic ma le manaʻoga faʻafeusuaiga nofofua).
TULAFONO:
Mo tamaʻitaʻi uma e toʻalua, o le faʻaaogaina o le motusia e fesoʻotai ma le score CIUS. Mo tamaitai, o se faʻaopoopoga faʻatasi ma faʻamaunauga faʻaagafesootai na maua, ae o se fegalegaleaiga ma le manaʻoga feusuaiga na maua mo alii.
FAAIUGA:
O le suʻesuʻega na faʻaalia ai le eseesega o alii ma tamaitai i le au fai saofaga i feusuaiga a le CIUS.
FUAFUAGA:
Cybersex Motives Questionnaire; Initaneti ua fai ma vaisu; telefoni feaveaʻi; afaina i le cybersex; manaʻoga feusuaiga
PMID: 31505968
FAIA: 10.1556/2006.8.2019.47
Cybersex e aofia ai le tele o mea e fai ile Initaneti, e pei o ponokalafi, webcam, talatalanoaga faʻafeusuaiga, tafaoga i luga o le initaneti, ma tafaoga faamasani (Döring, 2009; Wéry & Billieux, 2017). I le faʻaopopo atu i feutagaʻiga tauvaga, e mafai e le telefoni feaveai ona faʻafeiloaʻi le fealofani moni ma feusuaiga. O isi aʻafiaga lelei o le vaʻaia o le cybersex ua matauina (Grov, Gillespie, Royce, & Lever, 2011). Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, e mafai ona faʻaleleia lagona faʻafeusuaiga ma faafaigofie le auai i faiga masani (feusuaiga)Allen, Kannis-Dymand, & Katsikitis, 2017). E mafai foi ona fesoasoani i ulugalii e faʻafeusuai i feusuaiga poʻo le suʻeina o faiga fou feusuaiga (Albright, 2008; Philaretou, Mahfouz, & Allen, 2005).
Faʻaaogaina telefoni feaveai e foliga mai e aʻafia ai se vaega itiiti o tagata faʻatau i le cybersex (Dufour et al., 2016; Frangos, Frangos, & Sotiropoulos, 2010; Kafka, 2010) ma atonu e fesootaʻi atu i le popolega o le mafaufau, faʻalavelave i le faʻataunuʻuina o tiute o le olaga i aso taʻitasi, ma faafitauli e aʻafia ai le moe (Grubbs, Volk, Exline, & Pargament, 2015; Karila et al., 2014). I le tele o suʻesuʻega e aofia ai tane ma fafine, o tagata faʻaaogaina telefoni feaveai, faʻatusatusa i pulega, na faʻaalia ai le sili atu o le fiafia ma faʻaalia le talileleia mai le matamata i ata (Brand et al., 2011; Laier & Brand, 2014; Laier, Pawlikowski, Pekal, Schulte, & Brand, 2013; Laier, Pekal, & Brand, 2014). E ui i lea, e ui i le taua o le autu, ae na itiiti lava le suʻesuʻeina (Brand et al., 2011). Ae maise lava, e itiiti se mea e iloa e uiga i le mafai ona fuafuaina o mafaufauga o le faʻaaogaina o le initaneti (Franc et al., 2018).
O lagona le lelei e fesoʻotaʻi ma le faʻanatinati faʻafuaseʻi (o le uiga o le galue malosi i tulaga le lelei o lagona) ua maua e fesoasoani i le faaaogaina o le cybersex (Wéry, Deleuze, Canale, & Billieux, 2018), atonu o se auala e faʻafetauia ai le le lelei aʻafia. Mafuaʻaga, aemaise i latou fesoʻotaʻi ma le fetaiaʻi (ie, ia sola ese mai faʻafitauli moni i le olaga), ua lauiloa e faʻatosinaina ai vailaʻau faʻaaogaina (Benschop et al., 2015), vaisu faʻaleagaina (Billieux et al., 2011; Király et al., 2015; Zanetta Dauriat et al., 2011), ma le telefoni feaveai (Brand, Laier, & Young, 2014). Cybersex, faʻatasi ma le leai foi o se masturbation (Putnam & Maheu, 2000; Wéry, Karila, Sutter, & Billieux, 2014), e faʻaaogaina e nisi tagata o se taʻiala taufaʻatasia e pulea lagona le lelei (Barrault, Hegbe, Bertsch, & Courtois, 2016; Saute, 2008). Faʻaleleia ma faʻalapotopotoga lautele (Franc et al., 2018) e mafai foi ona faia se sao i le telefoni feaveaʻi. Suesuega i luga o faʻasinomaga i le Initaneti ua faʻataʻitaʻiina ai le matafaioi o le vafealoaloai (Sumter, Vandenbosch, & Ligtenberg, 2017) ma le faʻamoemoe o le fagua pe a matamata i le porn (Talavou, 2008).
O manaʻoga feusuaiga o se mea e faʻaaogaina ai le ola faʻafeusuai ma le gaioiga faʻafeusuaiga (Levine, 2003; Pfaus, 2009). O fegalegaleaiga faʻapitoa sa maua i le va o manaʻoga feusuaʻiga ma le faʻaleleia o le initaneti (Komisi o Atunuu Europa, 2002; Franc et al., 2018; Mark, Toland, Rosenkrantz, Brown, & Hong, 2018; Spector, Carey, & Steinberg, 1996), o gatasi ma le faʻaleleia ma le faaosofiaina o aʻafiaga o cybersex (Beutel et al., 2017; Reid, Li, Gilliland, Stein, & Fong, 2011). O se suʻesuʻega talu ai nei na maua ai fesoʻotaʻiga vaivai i le va o le cybersex e faʻafeiloaʻi ai faanaunauga ma manaʻoga tau feusuaʻiga,Franc et al., 2018).
O le sini o lenei suʻesuʻega o le suʻesuʻeina lea o le aʻafiaga o mafaufauga e fesoʻotaʻi i le cybersex ma manaʻoga tau feusuaʻiga i le faʻaaogaina o le initaneti i alii ma tamaitai.
O le suʻesuʻega na faia i luga o le initaneti e ala i le faʻalauiloaina o faʻamatalaga i luga o nofoaga e fesoʻotai ma feusuaiga ma faʻatasi ma le maliliega a webmasters. Na faʻamoemoe i soʻo se tasi e 18 tausaga poʻo le sili atu ona auai i gaoioiga tau feusuaʻiga i le initaneti. E leai se totogi na faia mo le auai i le suʻesuʻega.
I le maea ai o le faʻatulagaina, 761 tagata na kiliki i luga o le sooga ma 605 malie e auai i le suʻesuʻega. Na faasolosolo malie le faʻaitiitia o le faʻamaeʻaina, ma o le 358 o le 605 mataupu na amataina le fesili na faaauau le vaega o faʻamaumauga o le faitau aofaʻi. Ina ua maeʻa ona aveese mea taua, o le faataitaiga mulimuli na aofia ai le 306 mataupu, o lona uiga, 150 alii (49%) ma tamaitai 156 (51%). O le vaitausaga e 18-69 tausaga, o le 32.63 (± 10.83) tausaga. O le averesi o tausaga o tamaʻitaʻi e 33.44 (± 11.84) tausaga ma fafine 31.86 (± 9.73) tausaga. O sui auai e masani lava mai Suiselani (68%), Farani (25%), Peleseuma (2%), Kanata (1%), ISA (1%), ma isi atunuu. E tusa ma le 73% o tagata auai sa i totonu o se mafutaga. O tagata o loʻo i ai faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻafeusuaiga e faʻatusalia pe tusa ma le 84% o le faʻataʻitaʻiga, oi latou o loʻo i ai se aʻoaʻoga faʻapitoa e 12%, ma e tusa ma le 4% na faʻamaonia e tutusa i latou.
O le vaega muamua o le fesili na aʻafia ai fesili na suʻesuʻeina ai uiga o le aufaʻatasi. O le vaega na totoe o le fesili na aofia ai ni meafaigaluega se tolu: (a) le Faʻaaogaina o le Initaneti Faʻaaogaina (CIUS), (b) le Cybersex Motives Questionnaire (CMQ), ma (c) le Inventory Desire Inventory-2 (SDI-2).
O le CIUS na fuafuaina e iloilo le faʻaaogaina o le Initaneti (Meerkerk, Van Den Eijnden, Vermulst, & Garretsen, 2009) ma ua faʻamaoniaina. E aofia ai 14 aitema e iai le 5-point Likert fua mai le 0 (aua lava nei) i le 56 (masani lava). O le CIUS ua maua i taimi uma ina ia iai se faʻalapotopotoga tuʻufaʻatasia i suʻesuʻega eseese ma faʻataʻitaʻiga (Khazaal et al., 2011, 2012; Meerkerk et al., 2009; Wartberg, Petersen, Kammerl, Rosenkranz, & Thomasius, 2014). O maualuga maualuga e faailoa ai le le mafaia e le au tali ona taofia le faaaogaina o le Initaneti. E pei ona lipotia mai i isi suʻesuʻega suʻesuʻeina amioga faʻatusa i le Initaneti (Khazaal et al., 2015), ua suia le CIUS e iloilo ai le faaaogaina o le telefoni feaveaʻi.
Ina ia mautinoa o le CIUS e na o amio i luga o le cybersex e taulai i ai, matou te tosina atu i le au auai le gaioiga o le upu Initoneti i le fuataga e naʻo le cybersex e naʻo le faʻatau. O le CIUS ma isi meafaigaluega ua fuafuaina e iloilo ai mea ua fai ma vaisu i luga o le Initaneti, ua lelei ona fetuunai e suesue taaloga ma taaloga eseese tau tupe (Khazaal et al., 2015), ma le cybersex (Downing, Antebi, & Schrimshaw, 2014; Varfi et al., 2019; Wéry et al., 2018), e aunoa ma le fesuiaiga oa latou mea tau mafaufau.
O mea a le CIUS e faʻamoemoe i faailoga faʻaalia o le faʻaaogaina o le Initaneti o loʻo taʻua i tusitusiga, e pei o le leai o se faʻatonuga, popolega, faʻaaogaina o faʻamaoniga, faʻafetaui, ma suiga o le mafaufau. E lelei le mautu lelei ma le lelei o totonu (Cronbach's α = .90; Meerkerk et al., 2009).
O le KFTPTS ua faʻamautuina mafuaaga e fesootaʻi ma le faʻaaogaina o nofoaga o feusuaiga (Franc et al., 2018). E aofia ai le 14 aitema na faʻavasegaina i luga o se sikuea 5-fuainumera Likert mai le aua lava nei i i taimi uma pe toetoe lava o taimi uma, faʻatulagaina i ni mea se tolu: Faʻaleleia atili, agafesoʻotaʻi, ma le Faʻafetauia. O le faʻamalosia mafuaʻaga e tutusa ma le fiafia ma le fiafia o feusuaiga i luga o le initaneti (ie, "Aua e manaia" ma "Aua ou te fiafia i le lagona"). O le agafesootai mafuaʻaga e faʻasino i le vavalalata e mafai ona lagonaina e le tagata faʻaaoga e ala i le lalolagi tafaʻilagi lea e faʻamalosia ma talia se tasi mafaufauga loloto loloto (ie, "Ia fealofani ma fiafia i ai isi" ma "Ia feiloaʻi ma se tasi"). O le mafuaʻaga lona tolu e faʻatatau i metotia faʻataʻitaʻi o loʻo atagia mai ai le faʻaaogaina o le initaneti o se auala e sola ese ai mai le mea moni ma alu ese ai mai popolega o le olaga (ie, "E faʻamafanafanaina aʻu pe a oʻo ia te aʻu se lagona le lelei" ma le "Ina ia galo laʻu faʻafitauli poʻo ni popolega "). O le CMQ ei ai ona uiga lelei faʻamalieina psychometric. Cronbach's α o le .84 mo le mea muamua, .73 mo le vaega lona lua, ma le .79 mo le vaega lona tolu (Franc et al., 2018), lea e taliaina.
O le SDI-2 ua faʻaaogaina e iloilo ai manaʻoga faʻafeusuaiga, faʻamalamalamaina o le fiafia i amioga tau feusuaiga (Spector et al., 1996). O se tasi lea o meafaigaluega masani e masani ona faʻaaogaina mo le iloiloga o manaoga faʻafeusuaiga (Mark et al., 2018). E aofia ai ma le 14 aitema e fuaina ai le malosi ma le taua o le manaʻo i luga o se fua faʻatatau 9-fuainumera Likert mai le leai se manao i malosi malosi pe mai e leai se mea taua i matua taua. O meataitasi e fuaina le tele o gaoioiga tau feusuaʻiga e faʻavasegaina i luga o le 8-fuaitau Likert fua e amata mai i aua lava nei i sili atu ma le faatasi i le aso. E mafai ona aoteleina ia mea ina ia maua ai se fuainumera atoa poʻo le faia o togi mo ona vaega e lua: (a) manaʻoga faʻafeusuaiga (naunau e faia se faigaaiga ma se paaga) ma (e) tuʻinanau tuʻinanauga tuusaʻo (naunau e auai i solo feusuaiga). Dyadic manaʻoga tau feusuaʻiga e tutusa ma aitema 1-9, ma le aofai o sikoa e amata mai i le 0 i le 62, ma le manaʻoga faʻafeusuaʻiga tuusaʻo i le aotelega o Avanoa 10-13, faatasi ai ma le aofai o sikoa e amata mai le 0 i le 23. O le aitema 14 e iloiloina le aofaʻi o tagata auai e mafai ona faia e aunoa ma le faia o feusuaiga ma e le auai i se tasi pe o le mea e manaʻo ai le manaʻo. O manaoga tuusaʻo e aʻafia ai le fua o amio faʻatasi ma feusuaʻiga ma le manaʻoga faʻafefe e popole i le taimi o amioga feusuaʻiga ma se soa (Spector et al., 1996). O le SDI-2 ei ai uiga lelei o le mafaufau ma le lelei atoatoa o mea e lua (.86 ma le .96, i le faasologa; Spector et al., 1996). O suʻesuʻega muamua na lipotia ai le mausali o uiga o le mafaufau i le tele o faʻataʻitaʻiga ma gagana eseese ma faʻafeusuaiga, e pei o lepela ma tama tane (Dosch, Rochat, Ghisletta, Favez, & Van der Linden, 2016; Mark et al., 2018).
A maeʻa se faʻamatalaga auiliili, sa matou faʻaaogaina le Tamaititiaoga t-o le tuʻuina atu o faʻatusatusaga o alii ma faila ma iloiloga a le Pearson e iloilo ai sootaga i va o vailaau. I le mea na misi ai faʻamaumauga, o sui na suia i le averesi o togi na maua mai e le tagata mo mea o le subset, poʻo le aofaʻi atoa pe afai e leai se totogi o le fesili (tagata-mean imputation). Tali atu ma se fua faatatau o tali na misi e sili atu i le 10% na le aofia ai.
Faʻataʻitaʻiga o le faʻatulagaga o le faʻatulagaga (SEM) na faʻatinoina e faʻaaoga ai le faʻatusatusaga aupito maualuga. O faʻamoemoega na faʻamoemoeina e lelei pe afai o le taua o le faʻatusatusaina o le faasinoupu (CFI) e latalata i .90, le χ2/df Fua faʻatusatusa latalata i le 2, ma le aʻa o lona uiga sikuea mea sese o le latalata atu (RMSEA) <0.08 (Arbuckle & Wothke, 2003; Byrne, 2010; Hu & Bentler, 1999). O suʻega faʻatinoga na faia e faʻaaoga ai le TIBCO Statistica ™ 13.3.0 (TIBCO Software Inc., Palo Alto, CA, Amerika) ma IBM® SPSS® Amos ™ 23.00 (IBM SPSS Software Inc., Wexford, PA, ISA).
Na faia suʻesuʻega e tusa ai ma le Tautinoga a Helsinki. Na talia e le komiti agavaʻa a le Falemeli o Sineva le suʻesuʻega suʻesuʻega. Na tuʻuina atu i tagata auai se faʻamatalaga atoa o sini suʻesuʻega ma metotia i le initaneti. Ona talosagaina lea oi latou e tuuina atu la latou faʻatagaga faʻamaonia i luga o le initaneti, lea na mafai ai ona latou taliina fesili e aunoa ma se igoa e ala i SurveyMonkey.
O fuaitau faʻamatalaina o loʻo tuʻuina atu i le Laulau 1. O tufatufaga uma e mafai ona manatu e masani. Laulau 1 e maua ai foʻi le Cronbach's α coefficients faʻaaogaina e faʻataʻitaʻi ai le faʻatuatuaina o una. O nei e manatu faʻamalieina pe a o le α coefficient e> .70, o le mea lea na tupu iinei. Laulau 2 ua faaalia ai eseesega i auala e ala ile itupa. Na sili atu le maualuga o tamaloloa nai lo tamaitai mo le faʻaleleia o le cybersex, faʻapea foʻi ma le faʻamaoni ma le tuʻinanau faʻafeusuaiga (faatasi ai ma le tele o aʻafiaga tetele). Ina ua faatusatusa tagata auai nofofua ma i latou o loo nonofo faatasi ma se paaga, sa i ai se eseesega taua mo le manao i feusuaiga (41.64 ma le 46.23, t = .2.73, p <.01, ma le telē sona aoga tele). O le faʻatusatusaga ile faʻamasaniga i feusuaiga e leʻi faʻaalia mai ai ni eseesega taua, e ui lava na iai le masani a tagata e fia aʻoaʻo ile papalagi e lipotia atili tuʻinanauga feusuaʻi ma ia maualuga togi CIUS.
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Laulau 1. Suʻesuʻega faʻamatalaina o CIUS, PFTPTS, ma SDI-2
| O lona uiga [95% CI] | Median | SD | mamao | Skewness | Kurtosis | d (KS) | Lillowers (p) | Cronbach's α | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TUSI | 19.54 [18.16-20.91] | 19 | 12.20 | 0-51 | 0.19 | -0.92 | 0.08 | <.01 | .93 |
| FVQ faaleleia | 23.85 [23.04-24.66] | 25 | 12.20 | 8-40 | -0.36 | -0.23 | 0.08 | <.01 | .88 |
| CMQ lautele | 10.33 [9.91-10.74] | 11 | 12.20 | 4-20 | -0.15 | -0.66 | 0.10 | <.01 | .72 |
| CMQ faʻataʻitaʻi | 12.70 [12.15-13.25] | 13 | 12.20 | 5-25 | 0.06 | -0.85 | 0.08 | <.01 | .81 |
| SDI-2 | 64.25 [61.96-66.54] | 67 | 20.34 | 0-109 | -0.62 | 0.39 | 0.07 | <.01 | .91 |
| SDI-2 ua taʻua | 44.97 [43.48-46.47] | 47 | 12.20 | 0-70 | -0.88 | 1.07 | 0.08 | <.01 | .87 |
| SDI-2 nofo toatasi | 15.60 [14.61-16.59] | 17 | 12.20 | 0-31 | -0.32 | -0.89 | 0.10 | <.01 | .93 |
Manatua. CIUS: Faʻaaogaina le Initaneti Faʻaaoga le Fua; KFM: Cybersex Motives Questionnaire; SDI-2: Faʻasalaga o Feusuaiga Faitino-2; CI: taimi faʻatuatuaina; SD: faʻasologa masani; d (KS): Kolmogorov-Smirnov suega.
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Laulau 2. Faatusatusaga o le CIUS, CMQ, ma le SDI-2 i le itupa
| Fua | tagata | tamaitai | Fua faʻatatau | t | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | (Cohen's d) | |||
| TUSI | 19.30 (11.18) | 19.76 (13.14) | -0.04 | -0.33 | .740 |
| FVQ faaleleia | 26.25 (6.66) | 21.55 (7.01) | 0.65 | 6.01 | .001 |
| CMQ lautele | 10.18 (3.47) | 10.47 (3.90) | -0.08 | -0.67 | .510 |
| CMQ faʻataʻitaʻi | 12.82 (4.81) | 12.59 (4.93) | 0.05 | 0.40 | .690 |
| SDI-2 | 71.89 (17.88) | 56.90 (19.90) | 0.74 | 6.92 | .001 |
| SDI-2 ua taʻua | 48.35 (12.30) | 41.73 (13.37) | 0.50 | 4.51 | .001 |
| SDI-2 nofo toatasi | 19.02 (7.64) | 12.31 (8.64) | 0.76 | 7.18 | .001 |
Manatua. CIUS: Faʻaaogaina le Initaneti Faʻaaoga le Fua; KFM: Cybersex Motives Questionnaire; SDI-2: Faʻasalaga o Feusuaiga Faitino-2; SD: fesuiaiga masani.
Talu ai matou te leʻi maua se eseʻesega i le CIUS i le va o alii ma tamaitai, matou te suʻesuʻeina le auala na tufatufaina atu e tusa ai ma le malosi o le telefoni feaveaʻi (laʻititi, faʻalelei, ma maualuga). O le faʻavasegaina o tagata uma na auai i vaega e tolu (e le tertiles) na faʻaalia o tamaitai e tele lava i vaega maualalo ma le maualuga o le faʻaaogaina o vaega, ae o tamaloloa na masani lava i le vaega faʻaaogaina (Table 3).
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Laulau 3. Uiga o vaega e tolu o tagata cybersex tagata maualalo laʻititi, maualalo, ma le maualuga CIUS scores
| Laititi CIUS sikoa (n = 105) | Feololo CIUS togi (n = 102) | Maualuga CIUS maualuga (n = 99) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CIUS [uiga (SD)] | 6.05 (3.84) | 19.48 (4.05) | 33.89 (5.28) |
| CIUS (laina) | 0-12 | 13-26 | 27-51 |
| Tausaga [uiga (SD)] | 32.68 (11.17) | 33.15 (11.90) | 32.06 (9.27) |
| I se mafutaga | 67.62% (n = 71) | 75.49% (n = 77) | 74.75% (n = 74) |
| tagata | 46.67% (n = 49) | 56.87% (n = 58) | 43.43% (n = 43) |
| tamaitai | 53.33% (n = 56) | 43.14% (n = 44) | 56.57% (n = 56) |
| Tafaoga faʻafeusuaiga | 86.67% (n = 91) | 84.31% (n = 86) | 79.80% (n = 79) |
| Faʻafeusuaiga faatauatane | 3.81% (n = 4) | 6.86% (n = 7) | 3.03% (n = 3) |
| Faʻasalalauga Bisexual | 9.52% (n = 10) | 8.82% (n = 9) | 17.17% (n = 17) |
Manatua. CIUS: Faʻaaogaina le Initaneti Faʻaaoga le Fua; SD: fesuiaiga masani.
laulau 4 tuʻuina atu faʻamaoniaga i le va o CIUS scores ma le PFTPTS ma le SDI-2 i lalo. O taunuuga o loʻo faʻamalamalamaina ai faʻamautaiga taua ma le lelei ma faʻasalaga uma. O mafutaga aupito sili ona malolosi na matauina i le va o le CIUS score ma togi mo le faʻaiʻuga a le KFTPTS (r = .52, p <.001) ma le CMQ agafesootai mafuaʻaga (r = .39, p <.001), ma i se vaega laʻititi ifo i le va o le CIUS togi ma le faʻamalosia mafuaʻaga togi (r = .28, p <.001).
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Laulau 4. Faʻasaoga i le va o CIUS, CMQ, ma SDI-2 sikoa
| TUSI | FVQ faaleleia | CMQ lautele | CMQ faʻataʻitaʻi | SDI-2 | SDI-2 ua taʻua | SDI-2 nofo toatasi | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TUSI | 1 | .28 *** | .39 *** | .52 *** | .16 ** | .15 ** | .14 * |
| FVQ faaleleia | 1 | .28 *** | .55 *** | .56 *** | .44 *** | .55 *** | |
| CMQ lautele | 1 | .58 *** | .16 ** | .17 ** | .10 | ||
| CMQ faʻataʻitaʻi | 1 | .22 *** | .20 *** | .19 ** | |||
| SDI-2 | 1 | .91 *** | .79 *** | ||||
| SDI-2 ua taʻua | 1 | .48 ** | |||||
| SDI-2 nofo toatasi | 1 |
Manatua. CIUS: Faʻaaogaina le Initaneti Faʻaaoga le Fua; KFM: Cybersex Motives Questionnaire; SDI-2: Faʻasalaga o Feusuaiga Faitino-2.
*p <.05. **p <.01. ***p <.001.
laulau 5 tuʻuina atu faʻasologa e ala ile itupa. Mo tamaitai, sa i ai se sootaga taua i le va o le CIUS score ma scores mo le FTG faʻafeiloaʻi motuga (r = .51, p <.001) ma le CMQ agafesootai mafuaʻaga (r = .49, p <.001), ma i se vaega laʻititi ifo i le va o le CIUS togi ma le CMQ faʻalauteleina mafuaʻaga togi (r = .34, p <.001). E le gata i lea, e leai ni faʻamaumauga taua na maua i le va ole togi ole CIUS male tuinanau ole tuʻinanau.
|
Laulau 5. Faʻasaoga i le va o CIUS, CMQ, ma le SDI-2 i alii ma tamaitai
| Alii / tamaitai | TUSI | FVQ faaleleia | CMQ lautele | CMQ faʻataʻitaʻi | SDI-2 | SDI-2 ua taʻua | SDI-2 nofo toatasi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TUSI | .26 *** | .25 *** | .54 *** | .30 *** | .25 *** | .28 *** | |
| FVQ faaleleia | .34 *** | .08 | .47 *** | .44 *** | .29 *** | .49 *** | |
| CMQ lautele | .49 *** | .50 *** | .41 *** | .05 | .09 | -O03 | |
| CMQ faʻataʻitaʻi | .51 *** | .65 *** | .74 *** | .15 | .09 | .18 ** | |
| SDI-2 | .09 | .55 *** | .29 *** | .30 *** | .91 *** | .76 *** | |
| SDI-2 ua taʻua | .09 | .48 *** | .27 ** | .29 *** | .91 *** | .42 *** | |
| SDI-2 nofo toatasi | .07 | .48 *** | .23 *** | .21 *** | .76 *** | .44 *** |
Manatua. O le vaega pito i lalo o le talatala e faatatau lea i faʻasalaga mo tane ma le pito i luga mo tamaitai. CIUS: Faʻaaogaina le Initaneti Faʻaaoga le Fua; KFM: Cybersex Motives Questionnaire; SDI-2: Faʻasalaga o Feusuaiga Faitino-2.
**p <0.01. ***p <.001.
Mo alii, matou te maitauina se mafutaga taua i le va o le CIUS score ma le sikoa a le CMQ e faʻatautaia ai motuga (r = .54, p <.001), faʻapea foi, e ui lava i se mea laʻititi, i le va o togi CIUS ma togi mo isi faʻasologa mafuaʻaga CMQ. Faʻatusatusa i fafine, na matou mauaina se faʻatasiga i le va o togi a aliʻi CIUS ma na o latou toʻatasi (r = .28, p <.001) ma le feusuaiga manaʻoga feusuaiga (r = .25, p <.001).
Mulimuli ane, sa matou taitaia le SEM e suʻesuʻeina sootaga i le va o fua eseese (CIUS, CMQ, SDI-2) ma a latou sootaga (Ata 1). O tulaga taua o fetaui e taliaina (χ2/df = 3.01, CFI = 0.80, ma le RMSEA = 0.08). Na matou faʻaauau i se auala tutusa mo aliʻi ma fafine eseese (vaʻaia Faʻatusa 2 ma 3). O le tau CFI mo tane e maualalo (0.74). Ata 1 o loʻo faʻaalia ai le fegalegaleaiga i le va o le CIUS sikuea ma le CMQ faʻataʻitaʻiga ma mafuaʻaga faʻapitoa a le CMQ. O loʻo faʻamaonia ai foi le taua o sootaga i le va o sini o le faaleleia o le CMQ ma le SDI-2 manaʻoga tau feusuaiga. Mo tagata, Ata 2 o loʻo faʻaalia ai le fegalegaleaiga i le va o motuga a le PFTPTS ma le CIUS, faʻatasi ai ma sootaga i le SDI-2 manaʻoga faʻafeusuaiga. Ata 3 mo tamaitai o loʻo faʻamafaʻailogaina le mafutaga a le CMQ faʻasalalauga ma faʻafetaui manatu ma le CIUS.
Ata 1. O fegalegaleaiga i le va o le faʻaaogaina o le cybersex (Faʻaaogaina le Initaneti Faʻaaogaina o fuainumera), mafaufauga i le cybersex (Cybersex Motives Questionnaire), ma le manaʻoga feusuaiga (Sexual Desire Inventory-2 subsets) mo le faʻataʻitaʻiga atoa (alii ma tamaitai). *p <.05. **p <.01. ***p <.001. χ2 = 2,295.60, df = 764, χ2/df = 3.01, p <.001, CFI = 0.80, ma le RMSEA = 0.08 [0.08-0.09]. Mo faigofie faitau, na o suiga natia e faʻaalia
Ata 2. O sootaga i le va o le faʻaaogaina o le cybersex (Faʻaaogaina o le Initaneti Faʻaaogaina o le sikoa), maualuluga o le cybersex (Cybersex Motives Questionnaire), ma le manaʻoga faʻafeusuaiga (Sexual Desire Inventory-2 subsets) mo alii. *p <.05. **p <.01. ***p <.001. χ2 = 1,617.37, df = 764, χ2/df = 2.12, p <.001, CFI = 0.74, ma le RMSEA = 0.09 [0.08-0.09]. Mo faigofie faitau, na o suiga natia e faʻaalia
Ata 3. O sootaga i le va o le faʻaaogaina o le cybersex (Faʻaaogaina o le Initaneti Faʻaaogaina o le sikoa), mafaufauga o le cybersex (Cybersex Motives Questionnaire abuana), ma le manao feusuaiga (Sexual Desire Inventory-2 subsets) mo tamaitai. *p <.05. **p <.01. ***p <.001. χ2 = 1,650.29, df = 766, χ2/df = 2.15, p <.001, CFI = 0.80, ma le RMSEA = 0.09 [0.08-0.09]. Mo faigofie faitau, na o suiga natia e faʻaalia
O taunuʻuga o le suʻesuʻega e leʻi faʻaalia ai eseesega taua i le va o alii ma tamaitai i le CIUS scores, ae na latou faʻaalia o tamaitai e auai i le tele o faʻaaogaina poʻo le maualuga o le faʻaaogaina o vaega. Le leai o se eseesega o alii ma tamaitai e le ogatusa ma galuega muamua (faataitaiga, Kafka, 2010). O le auai o vaega laiti o tamaitai i le vaega maualuga-lamatia o le, ae ui i lea, ogatasi ma isi suʻesuʻega e uiga i vaisu amio (Khazaal et al., 2017), o loʻo faʻaalia ai o le soʻotaga o fafine e ono tele atu aʻafiaga o vaisu amioga.
Talu ai na matou faʻafaigaluegaina tagata auai e ala i luga o uepisaite ma faʻasalalauga, o le suʻesuʻe atonu o le a mafai ona faia i se filifiliga o le filifilia e le tagata lava ia (Khazaal et al., 2014). O le le fiafia i tagata e maualuga le faʻaaogaina o le cybersex e le mafai ona faʻateʻaina. O faʻasalaga faʻapitoa e le mafai ona maua mai le suʻesuʻega. Ae ui i lea, o taunuuga o loʻo faʻamaonia ai se faʻatautaia i le va o le tele o fesuiaiga ma le numera CIUS o alii ma tamaitai i lenei faʻataʻitaʻiga.
O taunuʻuga e fautua mai ai le matafaioi a le KTP o loʻo faʻafetaui, i itu uma e lua, ma i nisi o faʻalapotopotoga lautele, aemaise lava mo tamaitai, i totonu o le telefoni feaveaʻi. O le faʻamalosia o le PFTPTS na faʻaalia ai se faʻapotopotoga laiti ma le CIUS, aemaise lava mo alii.
O le faʻafeiloaʻi o motuga e faʻaalia ai le sola ese mai i fuafuaga o loʻo faʻatulagaina e le tagata aʻo feagai ma tulaga faʻalavelave (eg, Barrault et al., 2016; Miner, Coleman, Center, Ross, & Rosser, 2007). E mafai ona latou fesoasoani i tagata ia maua le toomaga le tumau i taimi taimi tiga (Coleman-Kennedy & Pendley, 2002; Leiblum, 1997). O suʻesuʻega o suʻesuʻega e taʻu mai ai o na mafuaʻaga e fesoʻotaʻi ma le telefoni feaveai i alii ma tamaitai. O lenei sailiga e ogatusa ma isi suʻesuʻega i le faʻaaogaina o vailaʻau (Blevins, Banes, Stephens, Walker, & Roffman, 2016; Grazioli et al., 2018) ma isi vailaau faʻaleagaina (Brand et al., 2014; Clarke et al., 2007; Khazaal et al., 2018), faʻapena foi ma suʻesuʻega e faʻaalia ai fegalegaleaiga i le va o aʻafiaga le lelei ma le le mautonu i le telefoni feaveai (Wéry et al., 2018). I lenei suʻesuʻega, na i ai foi le malosi o le CIUS ile faʻaaogaina o motuga a le KFTPTS i itu uma e lua. I le tulaga o le falemaʻi, o nei taunuuga e taʻu mai ai le taua o faʻalavelave e taulaʻi atu i tulafono faatonutonu faʻalagona e fesoasoani ai i tagata ei ai le telefoni feaveaʻi. O isi suʻesuʻega e mafai ona faʻamanuiaina mai le aofia ai o le faʻafetauiina o tomai ma manaʻoga faʻapitoa e ono mafai ai e tagata faufautua i le va o le faʻaaogaina o le cybersex ma le faʻafetauiina o faanaunauga (Brand et al., 2014; Laier, Wegmann, & Brand, 2018).
E pei o isi suʻesuʻega e uiga i vaisu amioga (Müller et al., 2017) ma feusuaʻiga faʻafeusuai (addictive cybersex)Weinstein, Zolek, Babkin, Cohen, & Lejoyeux, 2015), o le suʻesuʻega na faʻaalia ai ni eseesega taua o aliʻi ma tamaitai. Aemaise lava, o manatu faʻaagafesootai na sili atu ona aʻafia ma le CIUS sikolasipi mo fafine nai lo alii. E ogatasi lenei ma isi suʻesuʻega e faʻaalia ai le maualuga o le aʻafiaga o tamaitai i fesoʻotaiga vavave faʻaneionapo (Dufour et al., 2016). E le gata i lea, o le manaʻoga feusuaiga e le maua e fesootai ma le CIUS i tamaitai, ae o se mafutaga, tusa lava pe laiti, sa maua mo alii.
E ui lava o le sili ona malosi le vavalalata i le va o le CIUS score ma isi fesuiaiga na sili atu ona taua i itu uma e lua mo le FFG le taulimaina o motuga, o se mafutaga vavalalata na matauina mo manaoga tau feusuaʻiga i le va o tagata ma le fegalegaleaiga lautele i tamaitai. O nei sailiiliga e ono mafua mai i le le mautonu i le va o tamaitai ma alii i manaoga o feusuaiga (Carvalho & Nobre, 2011). O le mauaina o le manao feusuaiga e na o se vaega o alii e auai i le 'faaaogaina malosi o le cybersex e mafai ona fesootaʻi atu i eseesega o alii ma tamaitai i le auala o fegalegaleaiga ma agafesootai o feusuaiga amioga i manaoga o feusuaiga (Carvalho & Nobre, 2011).
I le faaopoopo atu i nei eseesega o alii ma tamaitai, oa tatou taunuuga e taʻu mai ai o le manao feusuaiga e na o sina vaega laitiiti (i alii) e faia, pe leai foi (i tamaitai) i le faaaogaina o le initaneti malosi. E le gata i lea, o le faʻaleleia atili o le PFTPTS e foliga mai e le sao i le score CIUS. E taʻu mai e lenei mea e le o faʻamalosia le gasegase i luga o le cybersex e ala i feusuaiga pe na o sina vaega lava i alii. O lenei sailiga e ogatasi ma isi suʻesuʻega e faʻaalia ai e fiafia i vitio manino manino (sex)Voon et al., 2014) ma gaioiga feusuaʻiga (ie, numera o feusuaiga faʻafesoʻotaʻiga, faʻamalieina i feusuaʻiga fesoʻotaʻiga, ma le faʻaaogaina o fesoʻotaʻiga telefoni feaveaʻi) e le fesoʻotaʻi ma faʻamalosia cybersexLaier et al., 2014; Laier, Pekal, & Brand, 2015). E pei ona fautuaina i isi suʻesuʻega e uiga i amioga ua fai ma vaisu, o le itu e fiafia i ai le tagata (hedonic drive) e foliga mai e laitiiti lona aoga nai lo o le "manaʻomia" (lagona faʻaosofia o le mafaufau) ma le "aʻoaʻoina" itu (vaʻai vavalalata ma faʻamatalaga, eg, aʻoaʻoina e uiga i lagona le lelei toomaga pe a faʻaaogaina le initaneti; Berridge, Robinson, & Aldridge, 2009; Robinson & Berridge, 2008).
I le tepa muamua, o le tamaʻi matafaioi o feusuaiga manaʻoga ma le faʻaleleia o mafuaaga i le faʻamalosia o le initaneti fesoʻotaʻiga e foliga mai e le fetaui. E foliga mai o le natura feusuaʻiga o le faʻamalieina e le o se tele unaʻiga o le amio. O lenei matauga e mafai ona faʻamalamalamaina e le mea moni o le CIUS e le o se fuataga o feusuaiga poʻo le initaneti faʻaaogaina, ae o se iloiloga o le faʻamalosia o le initaneti faʻaaogaina. O sailiga e ogatusa ma le gaioiga e fesoʻotaʻi ma le tausiga o amioga ua fai ma vaisu. O loʻo faʻapea mai, o vaisu e faʻatumauina e se suiga mai le faʻamalieina (ie, saili mo tuʻusaʻo taui tau feusuaʻiga) i taui (ie, saili mo le sola ese mai le le lelei lagona; Young & Brand, 2017). Ina ia suʻesuʻe atili i lenei fesili, o suʻesuʻega i le lumanaʻi e tatau ona aofia ai faʻasalaga faʻasalalauga o le faaaogaina o le cybersex, amioga tau feusuaiga, ma le telefoni feaveaʻi, faʻatasi ai ma le natura o taui na maua i le taimi o le cybersex. E mafai ona faʻaaoga suʻesuʻega faʻavaomalo i le taimi nei e suʻesuʻe ai nei fesili (Benarous et al., 2016; Ferreri, Bourla, Mouchabac, & Karila, 2018; Jones, Tiplady, Houben, Nederkoorn, & Field, 2018).
Lenei galuega e tele tapulaʻa, mafuli faʻatatau i le koluse-vaevaega mamanu, faʻaaogaina o oe lava suʻesuʻe fesili, filifiliga a oe lava filifiliga, ma le faʻafaigofieina faʻataʻitaʻiga lapoʻa. O faʻaiuga e tatau ona faʻamaonia e suʻesuʻega i le lumanaʻi, atonu e faʻavae i luga o iʻuga o loʻo iai nei, e aofia ai le suʻesuʻeina o le malosiʻaga ma faʻataʻitaʻiga o le lapoʻa tele faʻapea foi ma iloiloga auiliili o le faʻaogaina o le initaneti (ie, porn, dating, webcam, ma chat) pe faʻatauaina se gaioiga faapitoa. O le CIUS fesuiaʻi mo cybersex i lenei suʻesuʻega faʻaalia lelei lelei i totonu (Cronbach's α = .93). O se fua o feusuaʻiga faamalosi, ae le o se iloiloga o le initaneti faʻaaogaina ia lava, ma faʻapitoa gaioiga gaioiga e le lipotia. O isi suʻesuʻega e tatau ona iai se faʻamatalaga o ia gaioiga, o faʻailoga e maua e fesoʻotaʻi ma le initaneti, faʻapea foʻi ma le suʻesuʻega o le faia o feusuaiga e le o ni Initaneti (ie, feusuaʻiga, ma isi) ma lagona faʻafesoʻotaʻi ma paʻaga.
O isi faʻafitauli o le mafaufau, e pei o le manatu o le tagata ia te ia lava, uiga (Paka, Hong, Paka, Ha, & Yoo, 2012), le faʻavaivai (Wéry et al., 2018), tuuatoatasi (Khazaal et al., 2017; Yong, Inoue, & Kawakami, 2017), faʻaopoopoga (Favez, Tissot, Ghisletta, Golay, & Cairo Notari, 2016), ma le faʻapitoa o le mafaufau (Starcevic & Khazaal, 2017), e mafai ona faia se sao taua i totonu o le telefoni feaveaʻi, e faʻaopoopo i lagona faʻaalia ma feusuaiga i le olaga moni.
YK, FB-D, ma le SR na fesoasoani i le suʻesuʻega ma le mamanu. FBB, RC, SR, ma le YK na tuʻufaʻatasia i suʻesuʻega fuainumera ma faʻamatalaina faʻamatalaga. YK sao i le faʻafaigaluegaina. FBB, SR, FB-D, RC, ma le YK i le tusiaina o tusitusiga.
Faʻafetai
O tusitala e fia faafetai ia Barbara Every, ELS, o le BioMedical Editor, ma Elizabeth Yates mo le Igilisi teuteuina o gagana. Latou te fia faafetai foi i tagata suʻesuʻe.
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