Brain Zvidzidzo paVashandisi Vanoshandisa Zvinonyadzisira & Dzepabonde Vane Hutano

Iri peji rine zvinyorwa zviviri (1) neuroscience-based commentaries & ongororo yemabhuku, uye, (2) neurological zvidzidzo kuongororwa maitiro ehuropi uye kushanda kwevanoshandisa Internet porn uye zvepabonde / porn zvinodhaka (Kumanikidzika Kwepabonde Zvokuita Dambudziko).

Parizvino, zvese kunze kwezviviri zve62 neurological zvidzidzo zvakaburitswa zvinopa rutsigiro rwekupindwa muropa modhi (hapana zvidzidzo zvinokanganisa zvinonyadzisira zvinodhaka) Mhedzisiro yeizvi ~60 neurological studies (uye dzidzo dzinouya) zvinoenderana ne mazana einternet kupindwa muropa “Uropi zvidzidzo ”, zvimwe zvacho zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwepaIndaneti. Zvose zvinotsigira zvakananga kuti internet inoshandiswa pakushandisa zvinonyadzisira inogona kukonzera uropi hunoenderana nehutano hwehutano, sezvinoita pamusoro pe60 zvidzidzo zvinoratidzira kukwira / kushivirira (habituation) uye zviratidzo zvekubvisa.

Iyo peji inotanga neinotevera 34 nguva pfupi yadarika neuroscience-based commentaries & wongororo yezvinyorwa (zvakanyorwa nemusi wekuburitswa):

Ongororo yeZvinyorwa & Maonero:

1) Neuroscience yeIndaneti Zvinonyadzisira Kuwedzerwa: Kuongorora uye Kuvandudzwa (Love et al., 2015). Kunyatsorongororwa kwemabhuku eurosicience ane chokuita neInternet zvinodhaka zviduku, nechinonyanya kuisa pfungwa painternet kusvuta. Kubvunzurudzwa kunobatsirawo maviri musoro-kubata EEG zvidzidzo nemapoka akatungamirirwa Nicole Prause (ndiani nhema nhema izvo zvakawanikwa zvinokanda mubvunzo pane kupindwa muropa nezvinonyadzisira). Zvishandiso:

Vakawanda vanoziva kuti maitiro akasiyana-siyana angangodaro anokonzera muganisi wemubairo muurume hwevanhu anotungamirira kurasikirwa kwekutonga uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvekudhakwa mune vamwe vanhu. NezveIndaneti kusvuta, tsvakurudzo yeuroyosiyo inotsigira kufungidzira kuti pasi pezvinhu zvinoshandiswa neural nechokuita zvakafanana nekudhakwa kwezvinhu zvinodhaka ... Mukati rekuongorora uku, tinopa muchidimbu chemashoko anotsanangurwa kushandiswa kwekutengesa uye kupa mhedziso pamusoro peongororo yezveuroyosi paIndaneti kushungurudzwa kweInternet uye neIndaneti kusangana nedambudziko. Uyezve, takaongorora mabhuku anonyanya kuwanikwa neurosi nesayenzi paIndaneti kushaya zvinodhaka uye kubatanidza migumisiro yemuenzaniso wezvinodhaka. Kudzokorora kunotungamirira kumhedziso yokuti inodhaka yekuona zvinonyadzisira paIndaneti inopindira muhutano hwekunyadzisa uye inowanidza nzira dzakadaro dzezvinokonzerwa nezvinodhaka.

2) Kuita zvepabonde sechirwere: Uchapupu hwekuongorora, kuongororwa, uye kupindura kuvatsoropodzi (Phillips et al., 2015), iyo inopa chati inotora kutsoropodza kwakananga kwepabonde / zvepabonde, kune zvinyorwa zvinopikisana navo. Excerpts:

Sezvinoonekwa muchinyorwa chino, kutsoropodza kwakajairika kwepabonde sekupindwa muropa zviri pamutemo hakubatike kana kuchienzaniswa nekufamba mukati mekiriniki nesainzi munharaunda mumakumi mashoma apfuura. Pane humbowo hwesainzi hwakakwana uye tsigiro yekusangana pabonde pamwe ne6 semamwe maitiro anofanirwa kugamuchirwa sekupindwa muropa. Rutsigiro urwu rwuri kuuya kubva kuminda yakawanda yekudzidzira uye inopa tariro inoshamisa yekugashira shanduko sezvatinonzwisisa zviri nani dambudziko. Makumi emakore ekutsvagisa uye kusimukira mumunda wemishonga yekupindwa muropa uye neuroscience inoratidza maitiro ehuropi ari pasi pekuita kupindwa muropa. Masayendisiti akaona nzira dzakajairwa dzakakanganiswa nekupindwa muropa nehunhu pamwe nekusiyana pakati pehuropi hwevanhu vakapindwa muropa nevasina kupindwa muropa, vachiburitsa zvinhu zvakajairika zvekupindwa muropa, zvisinei nechinhu kana maitiro. Nekudaro, pachine mukaha pakati pekufambira mberi kwesainzi nekunzwisisa kunoitwa neruzhinji, mutemo weveruzhinji, uye kufambira mberi kwekurapa.

3) Cybersex Addiction (Brand & Laier, 2015). Excerpts:

Vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa mavhidhiyo eIndsex, kunyanya zvinonyadzisira zveIndaneti. Vamwe vanhu vanorasikirwa nekurasikirwa pamusoro pekushandisa kwavo kwepaIndaneti uye vanotaura kuti havagoni kutarisa kushandisa kwavo kwepabonde paIndaneti kunyange vakave nemigumisiro yakaipa. Muzvinyorwa zvenguva ichangopfuura, kupindwa muropa kwepabonde paIndaneti kune imwe nzvimbo inofungidzirwa sehuwandu hweInternet inodhaka Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvemazuva ano zvinotsvaga zvakafanana pakati pehutachiona hwepabonde nehutano nemamwe maitiro ekutadza, zvakadai seInternet Gaming Disorder. Cue-reactivity uye kuda kunofungidzirwa kuti inotora basa guru mukuita zvepabonde paIndaneti. Uyewo, nzira dzehutano hwekuvandudza nekugadzirisa kwehutachiona hwehutano hwepabonde zvinosanganisira kukanganisa mukuita zvisarudzo uye mabasa makuru. Neuroimaging zvidzidzo zvinotsigira kuonekwa kwezvinowanzobatana pakati pepakombiyuta zvekushungurudzwa kwepabonde nehumwe hutsika hwekuita uye pamwe nekuchengetedza zvinhu.

4) Neurobiology yeCompulsive Sexual Behavior: Emerging Science (Kraus et al., 2016). Excerpts:

Kunyange zvazvo isina kubatanidzwa muDMM-5, kuita zvepabonde kuita zvepabonde (CSB) kunogona kuonekwa mu ICD-10 sechirwere chekudzivirira chinokonzera. Zvisinei, gakava riripo pamusoro pechikwata cheCSB. Ongororo yakawedzerwa inodiwa kuti inzwisise kuti sei neurobiological zvinhu zvine chokuita nehutano hwakakosha hunoenderana nemigumisiro yehutachiwana yeCBB. Kuenzanisa CSB se "behavioral addiction" kunogona kuva nemigumisiro inokosha pamagariro, kudzivirira uye kurapa ... .. Zvimwe zvakafananidzwa pakati peSCB uye zvinodhaka zvinodhaka, kupindira kunobudirira kwekudhakwa kunogona kuita chivimbiso cheCSB, nokudaro kunopa ruzivo rwekutsvaga kutsvakurudza kutsvaga kutsvaga izvi zvinogona kuitika zvakananga.

5) Kufanira Kuita Zvepabonde Kuita Zvepabonde Kunofungidzirwa Kuwedzerwa? (Kraus et al., 2016). Excerpts:

Nekusunungurwa kweDSM-5, kubhejera chirwere kwakakonzerwa zvakare nezvinetso zvekushandisa zvinhu. Shanduko iyi yakatsanangurira zvitendero zvekuti zvinodhaka zvakangoitika nekugadzirisa kwezvinhu zvinokanganisa pfungwa uye zvine zvinorehwa nemagadziro, maitiro ekudzivirira uye ekurapa. Dhiyabhorosi inoratidza kuti kunyanya kubatanidzwa mune mamwe maitiro (semuenzaniso kutamba, zvepabonde, kubvumira mabhizimusi) zvinogona kugoverana kliniki, genetic, neurobiological uye zvinokonzera kufanana nemishonga inodhaka.

Imwe nzvimbo inoda kuongororwa kwakawanda kunosanganisa kufunga nezvekuti kuchinja kwekombiji kunogona kuchinja sei maitiro evanhu pabonde. Zvichipa kuti deta inoratidza kuti kuita zvepabonde kunogadziriswa kuburikidza neIndaneti uye mapurogiramu e-smartphone, tsvakurudzo inofanirwa inofanirwa kufungisisa kuti utapi hwekombiyuta hunobatana sei neCSB (semuenzaniso kubata mhirizhonga kuIndaneti zvinonyadzisira kana kuti zvekuita zvepabonde) nekubatana muzviito zvepabonde zvinokuvadza (semuviri wekondomu, vazhinji vanoita zvepabonde pane imwe nguva).

Zvimwe zvinoputika zviripo pakati peSCB uye zvinetso zvekushandisa zvinhu. Sangano reNurotransmitter rinowanzogona kupa maSBB nezvinetso zvekushandisa zvinoshandiswa, uye zvidzidzo zvemazuva ano zvekare zvinoratidza kufanana kunoenderana nekuchiva uye kuisa pfungwa. Saizvozvowo mishonga yemakemikari uye yepfungwa inogona kushandiswa kuCSB uye zvinodhaka zvinodhaka.

6) Neurobiological Basis Hypersexual (Kuhn & Gallinat, 2016). Excerpts:

Kuita zvinokanganisa maitiro uye kunyanya kusangana kwepabonde kunofanira kutiyeuchidza nezvekuti kunyadzisa mafambiro kunonyatsovimba nehupenyu hwedu hwehupenyu. Zvepabonde chinhu chinonyanya kukosha mukupona kwezvipenyu sezvo iri nzira yekubereka. Saka zvakakosha zvikuru kuti zvepabonde zvinonzi zvinonakidza uye zvine ruzivo rwekugadzirisa zvinhu, uye kunyange zvingaita kuti zvive zvinodhaka panguva iyo zvepabonde zvingave zvichitevedzwa nenzira inokuvadza uye isingabatsiri, mararamiro emagetsi echinetso chinogona kushandiswa chaizvoizvo chinangwa chikuru chekutsvaga vanhu .... Zvakatorwa pamwechete, humwe uchapupu hunoratidzika sehwupi hunoreva kuti kuchinja kwepamberi ye lobe, amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, septum, uye hutano nzvimbo dzinogadzirisa mubayiro inobata basa rinokosha pakubuda kwehupombwe. Genetic studies uye neuropharmacological nzira dzokurapa dzinosvika pakubatanidzwa kwe dopaminergic system.

7) Kuita Zvepabonde Kuita Zvepabonde seKutadza Kuita Mishonga Inokonzerwa Nehutachiona: The Impact of the Internet and Other Issues (Griffiths, 2016). Excerpts:

Ndakaita tsvakurudzo yezvemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasiyana-siyana (kubhejera, vhidhiyo-kutamba, kushandiswa kwepaIndaneti, kurovedza muviri, zvepabonde, basa, nezvimwewo) uye vakatsigira kuti mamwe maitiro ehutano hwepabonde anogona kuverengwa sehutano hwepabonde, zvichienderana ne tsanangudzo yekudhakwa inoshandiswa ....

Kunyangwe kunetseka kuita zvepabonde kunorondedzerwa sekumanikidzira kuita zvepabonde (CSB), kutengesa zvepabonde uye / kana hutano hwe hypersexual, kune zviuru zvemasipirini epfungwa mupasi pose vanobata zvinetso zvakadaro. Nokudaro, uchapupu hwekliniki hunobva kune avo vanobatsira uye vanobata vanhu vakadaro vanofanira kupiwa kukurudzirwa zvikuru nemagariro evanhu vezvepfungwa ....

Sezviri pachena kukura kwakanyanya kukosha mumunda weCBB uye kupindwa muropa pabonde ndiko kushanduka kuri kuita internet nekufambisa CSB. Izvi hazvina kutaurwa kusvika pandima yekupedzisa, asi kutsvagisa nezve online online kupindwa muropa kwepabonde (pachinosanganisira diki empirical base) kwave kuriko kubvira mukupera kwema1990, kusanganisira sampuro saizi inosvika vangangoita 10 000 vanhu. Muchokwadi, pave paine ongororo dzichangoburwa dzeruzivo rwezvinyorwa zvine chekuita nezvekupindwa muropa kwepabonde online uye kurapwa. Izvi zvakatsanangura akawanda akasarudzika maficha einternet ayo anogona kufambisa uye kukurudzira maitiro ekurwisa maererano nehunhu hwepabonde (kuwanikwa, kugona, kusazivikanwa, kurerukirwa, kupukunyuka, kurambidza, nezvimwewo).

8) Kutsvaga Kuratidza Mvura Mumvura Yakasviba: Kufungidzira Kwemangwana Mukugadzirisa Maitiro Okuita Zvepabonde Zvinokonzerwa Nepabonde (An Addiction)Kraus et al., 2016). Excerpts:

Takangobvunzurudza uchapupu hwekutsanangurira maitiro ekuita zvepabonde (CSB) sechinhu chisina chiito (kuzvibata) chinodhaka. Ongororo yedu yakawana kuti CSB yakabatanidzwa muchipatara, neurobiological uye zvinokonzera zvakafanana ne-substance-use disorders ....

Kunyange zvazvo American Psychiatric Association yakaramba hutachiona hweHIVM-5, kuongororwa kweCBB (kunyanya zvepabonde motokari) kunogona kuitwa nekushandisa ICD-10. CSB iri kutaridzirwawo neCI-11, kunyange zvazvo kuguma kwayo kusingazivi. Ongororo yeramangwana inofanira kuramba ichivaka zivo nekusimbisa hurongwa hwekunzwisisa zviri nani CSB nekushandura ruzivo urwu mukuvandudza mitemo, kudzivirira, kuongororwa, nekuedza kurapa kugadzirisa migumisiro yakaipa yeCSB.

9) Pane zvinonyadzisira zveIndaneti Zvinokonzera Zvinetso Zvepabonde Here? Kuongororwa Nezvinyorwa zveKliniki (Park et al., 2016). Kuongororwa kwakawanda kwebhuku rakabatana nezvinetso zvepabonde zvinokonzerwa nekuona zvinonyadzisira. Kubatanidza 7 US Navy madaktari naGary Wilson, kuongororwa kunopa zvinhu zvitsva zvinobudisa pachena kukura kukuru kwezvinetso zvepabonde zvevechidiki. Inobvunzurudzawo zvidzidzo zvehutano zvine chokuita nehupombwe hwepabonde uye zvepabonde maererano neIndaneti zvinonyadzisira. Vanachiremba vanopa 3 zvipatara zvinyorwa zvevarume vakakurudzira zvinonyadzisira-zvakakonzera kushungurudzwa kwepabonde. Kechipiri pepanhau re2016 naGary Wilson rinokurukura kukosha kwekudzidza migumisiro yezvinonyadzisira nekuve nevatongi vachirega kushandisa zvinonyadzisira: Kurega Indaneti Indaneti Zvinonyadzisa Shandisa Kuzarura Migumisiro Yayo (2016). Excerpts:

Zviitiko zvetsika izvo zvakambotsanangura zvinetso zvepabonde zvevarume zvinenge zvisina kukwana kubhadharwa nekukwirira kwakasimba kwekusavhiringidza kwe erectile, kunonoka kupera, kuderedza kugutsikana kwepabonde, nekuderedza libido panguva yepabonde pakati pevarume pasi pe40. Iyi nyanzvi (1) inoongorora nhoroondo kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo, semuenzaniso, kliniki, yezvinyorwa (kusvuta / urology), zvepfungwa (hutano hwepabonde), hukama hwevanhu; uye (2) inopa ruzivo rwezvinyorwa zvemakiriniki, zvose zvine chinangwa chekuratidza nzira inogona kuwanikwa yekutsvakurudza mune ramangwana rechiitiko ichi. Kuchinja kumagariro ehuropi hunokurudzira kunongororwa seanokwanisa kuita etiology inotarisana nezvirwere zvepabonde zvine chokuita nepabonde.

Ongororo iyi zvakare inotarisisa humboo hunoratidza kuti zvisingaonekwi zvepaInternet zvinonyadzisira (zvisingaverengeke zvisingabvumike, zvinogona kukurumidza kutapukira kuzvinhu zvakawandisa, vhidhiyo fomati, nezvimwewo) zvinogona kunge zvine hutano hwakaringana hwekuita zvepabonde nemamiriro ezvinhu ezvekushandisa zvinonyadzisira paInternet zvisingaerekese kuchinja kune izvo -Vakabatana, zvakadai kuti kurara nevarume vaunoda vangasanyore sekutarisira musangano uye kumutsa kunoderera. Mishumo yekiriniki inotaura kuti kupedza kushandiswa kwekuona zvinonyadzisira paInternet dzimwe nguva kwakaringana kudzora zvakaipa, kuchisimbisa kukosha kwekuferefetwa kwakawanda uchishandisa nzira idzo zvine zvidzidzo zvinobvisa kusiana kwekushandiswa kwekuona zvinonyadzisira paInternet.

3.4. Neuroadaptations Yakafanana neIndaneti Zvinonyadzisira-Zvinokonzera Matambudziko Okuita Zvepabonde: Tinofungidzira kuti zvinonyadzisira-zvinokonzera zvinetso zvepabonde zvinosanganisira kusasarura uye kusava nehanya mukati mehutano hwekurovedza [72, 129] uye neural correlates yemumwe nomumwe, kana maviri, ave akawanikwa mune zvidzidzo zvenguva ino pavanoshandisa zvinonyadzisira paIndaneti [31, 48, 52, 53, 54, 86, 113, 114, 115, 120, 121, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134].

10) Kubatanidza Kufunga Nezvepfungwa Neurobiological Nezvekukudziridza nekuchengetedzwa kweInternet-Inoshandisa Matambudziko: Kukurukurirana kweMunhu-Kuita-Kuziva-Kuenzanisa mhando (Brand et al., 2016). Kuongororwa kwenzira dzinoita kuti kuve nekugadzirisa nekuchengetedzwa kwezvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa Indaneti, kusanganisira "Indaneti-zvinonyadzisira-kuona dambudziko". Vanyori vanoti zvinonyadzisira (uye zvepabonde paIndaneti) zvinoratidzirwa sehutano hwekushandiswa kwepaIndaneti uye zvakagadzirirwa nezvimwe zvinodhaka zvekuita pasi pechirwere chekushandisa-kushandiswa sezviito zvekurwisa. Excerpts:

Kunyange zvazvo DSM-5 inotarisa paIndaneti kutamba, nhamba inofanirwa yevanyori inoratidza kuti kutsvaga kurapa vanhu vanogonawo kushandisa mamwe maIndaneti mapepa kana masayiti addictively ....

Kubva pane huri huri hutsva hwekutsvakurudza, tinokurudzira kusanganisira kushungurudzwa kweIndaneti-kushandiswa mune iri kuuya ICD-11. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kunze kweInternet-gaming disorder, mamwe marudzi ezvidzidzo anoshandiswawo zvinetso. Imwe nzira inogona kusanganisira kuiswa kweshoko rinowanzo reInternet-use disorder, iro rinogona kuve rinotsanangurwa kufunga nezvekushanda kwekutanga kushandiswa iyo inoshandiswa (somuenzaniso yekutamba mitambo yeIndaneti, Indaneti-kubhejera chirwere, Indaneti-zvinonyadzisira-kushandisa chirwere, Internet-communication disorder, uye Internet-shopping shopping).

11) INeurobiology yekuita zvepabonde: Chitsauko kubva kuNeurobiology yeMidhakwa, Oxford Press (Hilton et al., 2016) - Excerpts:

Tinoongorora chikonzero cheurourobiological yekusvuta, kusanganisira yekuzvarwa kana kukanganisa, uye kurukura kuti izvi zvinorevei nekunzwisisa kwatinoita zvepabonde semupo wepanyama unogona kushanda "asingatauriki" muupenyu hwemunhu ....

Zvinonzwisisika kuti tsanangudzo yemazuva ano uye kunzwisisa kwekudhakwa kwakashandurwa zvichienderana nekuderedzwa kwezivo pamusoro pekuti uropi hunoziva sei uye huchida. Kunyange zvazvo kurara kwepabonde kwaimbova kunotsanangurwa zvichienderana nemitemo yekuzvibata, iko zvino kwaonekwawo kuburikidza ne-lens ye neuromodulation. Avo vasingakwanisi kana kuti vasingakwanisi kunzwisisa mazano aya vanogona kuramba vachiomerera kune mamwe maonero evanhu vane maonero, asi avo vanogona kunzwisisa maitiro mumamiriro ezvinhu ehupenyu, iyi paradigm itsva inopa tsananguro inobatanidza uye inoshanda yehutano hwepabonde iyo inozivisa zvose masayendisiti uye chiremba.

12) Neuroscience Inoswedera KuIndaneti Zvinonyadzisira Zvinokonzera (Stark & ​​Klucken, 2017) - Excerpts:

Kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvepabonde zvinonyanya kuwedzera nekufambiswa kweInternet. Somugumisiro weizvi, varume vanokumbira kurapwa kakawanda nokuti zvinonyadzisira kushandiswa kushandiswa kwakasimba hakusi kwekutonga; kureva kuti, havakwanise kumira kana kuderedza unhu hwavo hwekutambudzika kunyange vachitarisana nemigumisiro yakaipa .... Mumakumi maviri emakore apfuura, zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana neyeuroscience approach, kunyanya kushanda magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), yakaitwa kuti iongorore neural correlates yekuona zvinonyadzisira pasi pemamiriro ekuedzwa uye neural correlates yekunyadzisira kunoshandisa. Zvichipiwa zviitiko zvekare, kunyanya kuderedza zvinonyadzisira kushandiswa kunogona kuwirirana nezvinozivikanwa neurobiological nzira dzinoshandiswa pakugadzirwa kwezvinodhaka zvine chokuita nezvinhu.

Pakupedzisira, takapfupisa zvidzidzo, izvo zvakatsvakurudza zvinyorwa zvekunyadzisa kushandiswa kwepamusoro pamusana weurusiki. Pasinei nekushayikwa kwezvidzidzo zvemazuva mazhinji, zvinonzwisisika kuti izvo zvakaonekwa mumarume ane zvepabonde zvekuita zvepabonde ndizvo zvinokonzerwa kwete zvikonzero zvekunyadzisa kushandiswa kwekushandisa. Zvizhinji zvezvidzidzo zvinorondedzera zvakasimba cue reactivity mumutambo wemubhadharo kune zvepabonde mune zvekuita zvinonyadzisira vanoshandisa vashandi kupinda mune zvidzidzo, izvo zvinojekesa zviwanikwa zvezvimwe zvinodhaka zvine chokuita nezvinhu. Zvigumisiro zvine chokuita nekuderedza zvinyorwa-kukanganisa-kuwirirana mune zvidzidzo nehutano hwekuona zvinonyadzisira kunogona kududzirwa sechiratidzo chekushaya njere yekuziva kugadzirisa pamusoro pemararamiro ekurwisa.

13) Kuita zvepabonde zvakanyanya kune dambudziko rekuita zvepabonde here? (Potenza et al., 2017) - Excerpts:

Kuita zvekuita zvepabonde zvinokonzerwa nekuita zvepabonde (kushandiswa sehutano hwe hypersexual) kwaifungidzirwa kuiswa muDMM-5 asi pakupedzisira yakabviswa, pasinei nekuzvarwa kwezvakagadziriswa uye chirongwa chekuedza chekuita. Kuregererwa uku kwakadzivisa kuvhara, kutsvakurudza, nekuedza kurapwa, uye kubva kumakiriniki pasina chikonzero chekuongorora chirwere chepabonde chepabonde.

Tsvagurudzo mu neurobiology yekumanikidza kugona tsika yekusangana pabonde yakaunza zviwanikwa zvine chekutarisisa kukosora, kukurudzira kusavimbika hunhu, uye pfungwa-yakavakirwa cue reactivity iyo inoratidza kufanana kwakanyanya nekupindwa muropa. Yakamanikidzwa tsika yekuita zvepabonde ichange ichitsanangurwa seyakaipisirwa-kudzora chisimba muICD-11, inowirirana neano tarisa kuti kushuvira, kuenderera kwekuita kunyangwe nyangwe mhedzisiro yakaipa, kumanikidza kuchinjana, uye kuderera kudzora kunomirira mhedzisiro yezvinhu zvekumanikidzira-kudzora kusagadzikana.

Maonero aya anogona kunge akakodzera kune vamwe DSM-IV kushungurudzika-kudzora kusagadzikana, chaizvo pathological kubhejera. Nekudaro, izvi zvinhu zvakagara zvichinzi ndezvepakati pakapindwa muropa, uye mukushanduka kubva kuDSM-IV kuenda kuDMM-5, chikamu cheNguva Yekudzora Dambudziko Kwete kumwe Kuno Kugadziridzwa kwakashandiswazve, nekwekufamba kwepamuviri kubhejetwa kwakatumidzwazve ndokugadzirwazve sechaipindwa muropa. Parizvino, iyo ICD-11 beta yekunyora saiti inonyora iyo zvisingaiti-kudzora kusagadzikana, uye inosanganisira inomanikidza tsika dzebonde kusagadzikana, pyromania, kleptomania, uye kupfuurira kuputika kusagadzikana.

Kuita zvepabonde zvekuita zvepabonde kunoratidzika kufanana zvakakwana nematambudziko ezvisiri izvo zvinokonzerwa neCI-11, zvinopesana nemutambo wakaoma wekuita zvepabonde ikozvino inorongerwa kusagadzikana kwehutano hwehutano hwepabonde paIndaneti yeRDD-11. Tinodavira kuti kusarudzwa kwepfungwa yekuita zvepabonde sehutano hwehupombwe hunopesana nematare echangobva kuitika uye inogona kubatsira vanachiremba, vatsvakurudzi, uye vanhu vanotambura uye ivo pachavo vanokonzerwa nehutano uhwu.

14) Neurobiology Yezvinonyadzisira Zvinokanganisa - Kuongorora kwechipatara (De Sousa & Lodha, 2017) - Excerpts:

Kubvunzurudza kunotanga kutarisa neurobiology inokosha yekudhakwa neyoyo mubairo muganhu wedunhu uye zvivako zvinowanzobatanidzwa mune chero upi zvake hwemishonga. Izvo zvinotarisa zvinoshanduka kune zvinonyadzisira zvekuona zvinonyadzisira uye zvidzidzo zvakaitwa paineurobiology yemamiriro ezvinhu anoongororwa. Basa reDopamine mukunyadzisira kwepabonde rinoongororwa pamwechete nechinangwa cheimwe zvivako zvehupi sezvinoonekwa paMRI zvidzidzo. Zvidzidzo zveFMRI zvinosanganisira zvinoratidzira zvepabonde zvinoshandiswa zvakashandiswa zvakanyanya kuti dzidzidze neuroscience shure kwekushandiswa kwezvinonyadzisira uye zvakawanikwa kubva kune zvidzidzo izvi zvakasimbiswa. Mhedzisiro yekunyadzisira kunonyadzisa kune yakakosha kugadzirisa mabasa uye hutungamiri hunosimbiswa zvakare.

Pakazara, zvinyorwa zve59 zvakatsanangurwa zvinosanganisira kubvunzurudza, mhinduro dze mini uye mapeji ekutanga ekutsvakurudza panyaya yekuona zvinonyadzisira, kusvuta uye neurobiology. Mapepa ekutsvakurudza akaongororwa pano aive akabatanidzwa pane izvo zvakagadziriswa neurobiological hwaro hwekuona zvinonyadzisira. Isu takabatanidza zvidzidzo zvaive nemaitiro ekuremekedza sarudzo uye nzira yakarurama nematauriro akakodzera ekuongorora. Paiva nedzimwe dzidzo neavo vashomanana, nenyaya dzenyaya, nyaya dzenyaya uye zvidzidzo zvepamusoro izvo zvakaverengerwawo pepa pepa. Vose vanyori vakaongorora mapepa ose uye avo vakakodzera avo vakasarudzwa kuti vadzokorore. Izvi zvakange zvichiwedzererwa nehutano hwehutano hwevanyori avo vanoshanda nguva dzose nevarwere uko kunonyadzisira uye kutarisa chiratidzo chinotambudza. Vanyori vanewo ruzivo rwepfungwa nevanorwara ava vakawedzera kukosha kwekunzwisisa kweurourogiological.

15) Huchapupu hwePudding Ndiri Kutambisa: Dhiyabhorosi Inodiwa Kuedza Mienzaniso uye Mafungiro Akabatana neCompulsive Sexual Behaviors (Gola & Potenza, 2018) - Excerpts:

Sezvinotsanangurwa kumwe kunhu (Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016a), pane huwandu huri kuwedzera hwezvinyorwa paCSB, zvichisvika pamusoro pe11,400 muna2015. Kunyange zvakadaro, mibvunzo yakakosha pamusoro pekufungidzirwa kweCSB inoramba isina kupindurwa (Potenza, Gola, Voon, Kor, & Kraus, 2017). Zvingave zvakakosha kufunga nezvekuti DSM neiyo Kurongeka Kwepasi rose kwezvirwere (ICD) inoshanda nechinoremekedza kutsanangurwa nekugadzirisa maitiro. Mukuita kudaro, tinofunga kuti zvakakosha kugarisana nekubhejera chirwere (chinonziwo pathological kubhejera) uye kuti yakataridzirwa sei mu DSM-IV uye DSM-5 (pamwe chete ne ICD-10 uye ICD-11 iri kuuya). MuDMM-IV, kubhejera kwepabonde kwakarongerwa se "Impulse-Control Disorder Isina Zvimwe Yakasarudza." Mu DSM-5, yakadzorerwa zvakare se "Zvinhu-Zvinowanikwa neAddictive Disorder." .... Nzira yakafanana inofanira kushandiswa kuCSB, iyo iri kuonekwa ikozvino kuti iiswe sechisimba-chengeteredzwa mu ICD-11 (Grant et al., 2014; Kraus et al., 2018) ....

Pakati pematunhu angave anoratidza kufanana pakati peCBB nekusavhiringidzika kwechirwere ndeyekuongorora kwepfungwa, pamwe neongororo dzinoverengeka dzasati dzaregwa naWalton et al. (2017). Zvidzidzo zvekutanga zvaiwanzoongorora CSB zvine chekuita nemhando dzekupindwa muropa (zvakaongororwa kuGola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016b; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016b). Muenzaniso wakakurumbira - iyo yekukurudzira salience dzidziso (Robinson & Berridge, 1993) - inotaura kuti mune vanhu vane zvinodhaka, zvimiro zvine chekuita nezvinhu zvekushungurudzwa zvinogona kuwana simba rakasimba rekukurudzira uye kumutsa kuda. Kuita kwakadai kunogona kuenderana nekushandurwa kwenzvimbo dzehuropi dzakabatanidzwa mukugadziriswa kwemubairo, kusanganisira iyo ventral striatum. Mabasa anoongorora cue reactivity uye mubairo kugadzirisa kunogona kuchinjwa kuti uongorore hunyanzvi hwecues (semuenzaniso, mari inopesana neerotic) kune mamwe mapoka (Sescousse, Barbalat, Domenech, & Dreher, 2013), uye tave tichishandura basa iri kuti tidzidze muenzaniso wekurapa (Gola et al., 2017).

Takawana kuti vanhu vari kutsvaga kurapwa kwekunetseka kushandisa zvinonyadzisira nekuita bonhora, kana vachienzaniswa neyakaenzana (nezera, murume kana murume, mari, chinamato, huwandu hwebonde nevabatana, kurara nevanhu vanoita zvekurara nevanhu) zvine hutano hwekudzora hutano, hwakaratidza kuwedzera kwechiitiko kusangana kwemitezo yezvisingaite. mibairo, asi kwete yemubatanidzwa mibayiro uye kwete yemari nyaya uye mibairo. Iyi nzira yekudzokorora kwehuropi inoenderana nedzidziso yekufungidzira uye inopa pfungwa yekuti chinhu chakakosha cheSCB chinogona kusanganisira kuita kwekutadza kana kuchiva kunoitwa nekwekutanga kusarerekera tsika dzakabatana nebasa repabonde uye kukurudzira kwepabonde.

Idzo data inowedzera inoratidza kuti mimwe mitunhu yeuropi uye masisitimu anogona kunge achibatanidzwa muCBB, uye izvi zvinogona kusanganisira anterior cingulate, hippocampus uye amygdala (Banca et al., 2016; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016; Voon et al., 2014). Pakati peizvi, takafungidzira kuti iyo yakawedzera amygdala dunhu inoenderana neakanyanya kugadzirisazve kwekutyisidzira uye kushushikana kunogona kunyanya kuve kwakakodzera kuchipatara (Gola, Miyakoshi, & Sescousse, 2015; Gola & Potenza, 2016) zvichibva pakucherechedza kuti vamwe vanhu vechiScB varipo vane hurefu hwekuzvidya mwoyo (Gola et al., 2017) uye zviratidzo zveCSB zvinogona kuderedzwa pamwe nekudzikiswa kwemishonga mukushushikana (Gola & Potenza, 2016) ...

16) Kukurudzira zvidzidzo, maitiro, kurapa, uye mapurogiramu ezvematongerwo enyika Commentary pamusoro: Kuremara kwepabonde kwehutano hwepabonde muIndaneti-11 (Kraus et al., 2018) - Nyika inonyanya kushandiswa pakurapa, The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), ine itsva yekuongorora akakodzera kunyadzisira kunetseka: "Kunyanya Kuita Zvepabonde Zvirwere"Zvinyorwa:

Kune vanhu vazhinji vanowana maitiro anoramba aripo ekuoma kana kukundikana mukudzora zvakanyanya, zvinodzokorodza zvido zvebonde kana zvinokurudzira zvinokonzeresa maitiro ehupombwe ane chekuita nekushushikana kwakanyanya kana kukanganiswa muhukama, hwemhuri, hwemagariro, dzidzo, basa, kana zvimwe zvakakosha zviitiko zvekushanda, yakakosha kuti ukwanise kutumidza uye kuziva dambudziko ravo. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuti vanopa rubatsiro (kureva, varapi uye vanachipangamazano) kubva kwavari vanhu vangatsvage rubatsiro vanoziva maCSB. Munguva yezvidzidzo zvedu zvinosanganisira zvinopfuura zviuru zvitatu zvidzidzo zvinotsvaga kurapwa kweCSB, takagara tichinzwa kuti vanhu vanotambura neCSB vanosangana nezvipingamupinyi zvakawanda panguva yekutsvaga kwavo rubatsiro kana kusangana nevanachiremba (Dhuffar & Griffiths, 2016).

Varwere vanotaura kuti varapi vanogona kudzivisa musoro wenyaya, votaura kuti matambudziko akadaro haavipo, kana kupa zano rekuti munhu ane hutano hwepamusoro hwekurara naye, uye anofanira kuzvigamuchira panzvimbo yekurapa (zvisinei nekuti kune vanhu ava, ma CSBs anogona kunzwa ego-dystonic uye kutungamira to multiple negative mhedzisiro). Isu tinotenda kuti yakanyatsorondedzerwa maitiro e CSB kusagadzikana ichasimudzira kuedza kwedzidzo kusanganisira kuvandudza chirongwa chekudzidzisa maitiro ekuongorora uye kubata vanhu vane zviratidzo zveCBB kusagadzikana. Tinovimba kuti zvirongwa zvakadaro zvichave chikamu chekudzidziswa kwevanachiremba vepfungwa, varapi vepfungwa, uye vamwe varapi vehutano hwepfungwa, pamwe nevamwe varatidziri vanosanganisira varapi vekutarisira, vakadai sevanachiremba vevanyori.

Mibvunzo yakakosha pamusoro pokuti ndiyo yakanakisisa yekufungidzira sei chirwere cheScB uye kupa mishonga inoshanda inofanira kurongedzwa. Ikozvino kuronga kwekusarudzwa kwechirwere cheSBB sechisimba-kudzivirira chirwere chinokakavadzana semamwe maitiro akave akarongedzwa (Kor, Fogel, Reid, & Potenza, 2013). Iko kune dingindiro inoratidza kuti CSB inogovera zvinhu zvizhinji nezvidhakwa (Kraus et al., 2016), kusanganisira data ichangobva kuitika inoratidza kuwedzera reactivity yemigumisiro yakabatana neuropi dzenharaunda mukupindurwa kwezvinyorwa zvinokonzerwa nezvinokonzera kushushikana (Brand, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016; Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016; Gola et al., 2017; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016; Voon et al., 2014).

Uyezve, yekutanga data inoratidza kuti naltrexone, mushonga une zviratidzo zvechinwiwa- uye opioid-yekushandisa kusagadzikana, inogona kubatsira pakurapa CSBs (Kraus, Meshberg-Cohen, Martino, Quinones, & Potenza, 2015; Raymond, Grant, & Coleman, 2010). Nekuremekedza chirongwa cheCBB chinorondedzerwa sechirwere chekudzivirira-chengetedza, kune dingindiro inoratidza kuti vanhu vanotsvaka kurapwa kune rimwe rudzi rwechirwere cheCSB, zvinetso zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandisa, hazvisiyane maererano nekusagadzikana kubva kuvanhu vakawanda. Izvo zvinenge zvichinyorwa nekuwedzera kuzvidya mwoyo (Gola, Miyakoshi, & Sescousse, 2015; Gola et al., 2017), uye kurapwa kwemishonga kunokonzera zviratidzo zvekuzvidya mwoyo kunogona kubatsira mukuderedza zvimwe zviratidzo zveCSB (Gola & Potenza, 2016). Kunyange zvazvo zvingasati zvisingakwanisi kutsvaga tsanangudzo yakajeka maererano nekugadzirwa kwemashoko, mamwe mashoko anoita seanosimbisa kusarudzwa sechirwere chepabonde kana achienzaniswa nehutachiona hwekudzora (Kraus et al., 2016), uye hutsva hutsva hunodiwa kuti uongorore hukama nemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu epfungwa (Potenza et al., 2017).

17) Kuita Zvepabonde Kuita Zvepabonde Muvanhu uye Preclinical Models (2018) - Excerpts:

Kuita zvepabonde zvekuita zvepabonde (CSB) kunowanzoonekwa se "unhu hunodhaka," uye ndiyo ngozi huru kune hupenyu hwehupenyu uye hutano hwepanyama nehutano. Zvisinei, CSB yakanonoka kuzivikanwa kliniki sechirwere chinogona kuongororwa. CSB inokonzera kushungurudzika kwepfungwa pamwe nekusawirirana kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa, uye zvidzidzo zvekutsvaga kweurosi zvakaratidza kugoverana kana kuputirana neural pathologies disorders, kunyanya muzvikwata zvehuropi zvinodzora shingairo yekukurudzira nekudzivirira kudzivisa. Chirongwa chekliniki neuroimaging inotsvakurudzwa iyo yakagadziriswa maitiro uye / kana basa rinochinja mu prefrontal cortex, amygdala, striatum, uye thalamus mune vanhu vanotambura neCSB. Imwe nzira yekufananidzira yekudzidza neural underpinnings ye CSB mumakumbo evarume inokurukurwa inosanganisira chirongwa chemaitiro aversion kuongorora kutsvaga kwekuita zvepabonde pasinei nemigumisiro yakaipa yakajeka.

Nemhaka yokuti CSB inosangana nezvimwe zvinetso zvinokonzerwa nemishonga, izvo zvinoreva, kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka, kuenzaniswa kwezvinhu zvinowanikwa muCSB, uye zvinodhaka zvinodhaka, zvinogona kuva zvakakosha kuziva zvinowanzoitwa neural nepathologies zvinopesana nekukanganiswa kwezvinetso izvi. Zvechokwadi, zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakaratidza maitiro akafanana emabasa ekutsvaga neural uye kuwirirana mukati mezvivako zvakasanganiswa izvo zvinosanganiswa mune zvose CSB uye zvisingaperi zvinoshandiswa zvinodhaka [87-89].

Mukupedzisa, kuongororwa uku kwakapfupisa zvidzidzo zvehutano uye zvehutano hwevanhu pamusoro peSBB nevanhu uye kusagadzikana nezvimwe zvinetso, kusanganisira kushandisa zvinodhaka. Pamwe chete, zvidzidzo izvi zvinoratidza kuti CSB inobatanidza nekushandurwa kwebasa mu dorsal anterior cingulate uye prefrontal cortex, amygdala, striatum, uye thalamus, pamwe nekuderedza kuwirirana pakati peamygdala ne prefrontal cortex. Uyezve, muenzaniso wakatarisa weCSB mumakumbo evarume wakatsanangurwa, kusanganisira uchapupu hutsva hwekuchinja kwechiredzo mu mPFC neOC izvo zvakabatana nekurasikirwa kwekudzivirira kutadza kwekuita zvepabonde. Iyi mienzaniso yakatarisa inopa mukana wakasiyana-siyana wekuedza mafungiro anokosha kuti aone matanho ekugadzirisa uye zvikonzero zvinokonzera CSB uye kukanganiswa nemamwe matambudziko.

18) Zvirwere zvepabonde muIndaneti Era (2018) - Mutsara:

Chishuvo chepasi chepasi, kugutsikana kunogutsa mune zvepabonde, uye erectile dysfunction (ED) iri kuwedzera yakajairika muhuwandu hwechidiki. Mune imwe ongororo yekuItaly kubva muna 2013, kusvika makumi maviri neshanu ezvidzidzo zvinotambura kubva kuEU vaive pasi pemakore makumi mana [25], uye mune kumwe kuongorora kwakaburitswa muna 40, vanopfuura hafu yevanhurume vekuCanada vanoita zvepabonde pakati pemakore gumi nematanhatu kusvika makumi maviri nemaviri. akarwara nerumwe rudzi rwekushushikana kwepabonde [1]. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuwanda kwehupenyu husina hutano hwakabatana ne organic ED hauna kuchinja zvakanyanya kana kuderera mumakumi emakore apfuura, zvichiratidza kuti psychogenic ED iri kuwedzera [2014].

DSM-IV-TR inotsanangura mamwe maitiro ane hunhu, sekubhejera, kutenga, kuita zvepabonde, kushandiswa kweInternet, uye kushandiswa kwemavhidhiyo mutambo, se "zvinokonzeresa kudzora kutadza kusagadziridzwa kumwe kunhu" - zvakakwana izvi zvinowanzorondedzerwa sehunhu hwekupindwa muropa [4] ]. Ongororo ichangoburwa yakaratidza chinzvimbo chekupindwa muropa kwemaitiro mukusagadzikana kwebonde: shanduko munzira dzemuropa dzakabatanidzwa mukupindirana pabonde ingave mhedzisiro yekudzokororwa, kukurudzira kunoshamisa kwakabva kwakasiyana siyana.

Pakati pezvipembenene zvekuita, zvinetso zveInternet uye zvinonyadzisira zvepaIndaneti zvinowanzotaurwa pamusoro pezvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwekusagadzikana kwepabonde, kazhinji pasina ruzivo rwakananga pakati pezviitiko zviviri. Vashandisi vepaIndaneti vakwezva kuona zvinonyadzisira paIndaneti nekuda kwekusaziva, kukwanisa, uye kugoneka, uye munguva dzakawanda kushandiswa kwayo kunogona kutungamirira vashandisi kuburikidza nehutachiona hwepabonde paIndaneti: munezviitiko izvi, vashandi vanowanzokanganwa basa re "kushanduka" kwepabonde, kutsvaga kufara kwakanyanya mukuzvisarudzira zvido zvepabonde zvakajeka pane zvepabonde.

Mune mabhuku, vatsvakurudzi havasi kurongeka pamusoro pezvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka basa rekuona zvinonyadzisira paIndaneti. Kubva pamaonero asina kunaka, inomirira chikonzero chinonyanya kukonzera maitiro ekumanikidzika, maitiro epabonde rekutsvaga pabhizimusi, uye kunyange erectile dysfunction.

19) Nzira dzehutano hwehutano mukunyengedzera kwehutano hwepabonde (2018) - Excerpts:

Kusvika iye zvino, tsvakurudzo dzakawanda dzepfungwa dzekuita zvepabonde dzakagadzikana dzakapa uchapupu hwekugadzirisa nzira dzinoita kuti vanhu vaite zvepabonde vachiita zvepabonde uye vasingaiti zvepabonde. Kuita zvepabonde zvepabonde kunobatanidza nekushanda kushanda munzvimbo dzouropi uye hutano hwakabatanidzwa mukukurudzira, tsika, kushushikana dyscontrol, uye mubayiro wokugadzirisa mune zviito zvakadai semari, kubhejera, uye kutamba mitambo. Uropi hukuru hunobatanidza neCCB hunosanganisira hutungamiri hwepamberi uye dzenguva, amygdala, uye striatum, kusanganisira nucleus accumbens.

CSBD yakave yakabatanidzwa mune shanduro yezvino yeICD-11 sechirwere chekudzivirira-chirwere [39]. Sezvinorondedzerwa ne WHO, 'Kushushikana-kumira kwekutadza kunoratidzirwa nekukundikana kunoramba kukanganisa kufungidzira, kutyaira, kana kukurudzira kuita chimwe chinhu chinopa mubayiro kune munhu, kunyanya munguva shomanana, pasinei nemigumisiro yakareba -kuvhiringidza kune mumwe munhu kana kune vamwe, vakaona kushungurudzika pamusoro pemafambiro ekuita, kana kukanganisa kwakakura mumunhu, mumhuri, munzanga, mune zvekudzidzisa, mumabasa, kana mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinokosha dzekushanda '[39]. Ikozvino kuwanikwa kunomutsa mibvunzo inokosha pamusoro pechirongwa cheCSBD. Zvinetso zvakawanda zvinoratidzirwa nekushaya simba-kudzora zvinongororwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo mu ICD-11 (somuenzaniso, kubhejera, mitambo, uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu-zvinoshandiswa zvinorondedzerwa sevari kushaya zvinodhaka) [123].

20) Nzwisisiro Yemazuva Ano yeKutenda Neuroscience yeCompulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder uye Zvinetso Zvinonyadzisira Shandisa (2018) - Excerpts:

Zvidzidzo zvenguva ichangobva kuongororwa neurobiological zvakaratidza kuti maitiro ekuita zvepabonde anomanikidzika anosangana nekuchinja kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvepabonde uye kusiyana kwehutano hwehutano uye basa.

Zvakawanikwa zvichinyorwa muchidimbu chedu zvinoratidza kufananidzwa kwakakosha nemitemo yehutsika yehutsika uye yezvinhu, izvo zvinogovana zvakawanda zvisina kuwanikwa zvakawanikwa neCSBD (sezvinoongororwa mu [127]]. Kunyange zvazvo zvisingasviki nepamusoro pehuwandu hwemharidzo yemazuva ano, zvinodhaka uye maitiro ekudhakwa zvinoratidzirwa nechinangwa cue reactivity chinyoreswa nemaitiro ezvakanaka, maitiro, uye neurobiological (kuongororwa uye kuongororwa: [128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133]; doro: [134, 135]; cocaine: [136, 137]; fodya: [138, 139]; kubhejera: [140, 141]; mitambo: [142, 143]]. Migumisiro pamusoro pokuzorora-mamiriro ekugadzirisa kushanda kunoratidza kufanana pakati peCSB nezvimwe zvinodhaka [144, 145].

Kunyange zvazvo zvishomanana zvidzidzo zveurourologi zveCSBD zvave zvichiitwa kusvikira panguva ino, dhiyabhorosi iripo inoratidza maitiro eurobiological asingabatsirane kugoverana nevamwe nezvimwe zvinhu zvakadai sokushandisa zvinhu uye kubhejera. Nokudaro, deta iripo inoratidza kuti chikwata chayo chinogona kunge chakakosha sechiito chekuita zvinokanganisa pane kushaya dambudziko rekudzivirira.

21) Ventral Striatal Reactivity muCompulsive Sexual Behaviors (2018) - Excerpts:

Kumanikidzika kwepabonde kwepabonde (CSB) chikonzero chekutsvaga kurapwa. Zvichipa chokwadi ichi, nhamba yezvidzidzo zveCSB yakawedzera zvakanyanya mumakore gumi apfuura uye World Health Organization (WHO) yakasanganisira CSB mune zvarinotaura kuitira ICD-11 iri kuuya ... Kubva kwatiri isu, tinofanira kuongorora kana CSB inogona kusiyaniswa kuva maviri subtypes inoratidzirwa ne: (1) maitiro makuru evanhu vanoita zvepabonde, uye (2) inonyanya kuzvibata zvepabonde uye zvinonyadzisira kutarisa (48, 49).

Kuwanda kwezvidzidzo zviripo kuCBB (uye pasi-kliniki yevanhu vanoita zvinonyadzisira vanoshandisa vashandi) iri kuramba ichiwedzera. Pakati pezvino zvidzidzo zviripo, takakwanisa kuwana mapfumbamwe mabhuku (Tafura 1) iyo inoshandiswa kushanda magnetic resonance imaging. Ndivana chete chete ava (36-39) yakatsvakurudza zvakananga kushandiswa kwezvinyorwa zvemashoko uye / kana mibairo uye zvakasarudzwa zvakawanikwa ne ventral striatum activations. Zvidzidzo zvitatu zvinoratidza kuwedzera kwechirwere chinokonzera kushandiswa kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa matambudziko (36-39) kana cues kufungidzira kusarura kwakadaro (36-39). Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinowirirana neRubatsiro Salience Theory (IST) (28), chimwe chezvinyorwa zvakakosha zvikuru zvinotsanangura uropi huchishanda mukudhakwa. Iro chete rubatsiro rweimwe gadziriro yezvidzidzo inofanotaura kuchenesa kwezvenhare striatum mukurwisa, RDS nheyo (29, 30), inouya zvishoma kubva pane imwe dzidzo (37), uko vanhu vane CSB vakaratidza kushandiswa kwemasimba ekurambidza kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinonakidza kana zvichienzaniswa nekutonga.

22) Kubva paIndaneti Kunetseka: Zvatinoziva uye Zvatisingaiti-Ongororo Yakarongeka (2019)- Excerpts:

Mumakore mashoma apfuura, kwave kune mafungu ezvinyorwa ane chekuita neyekugwinyisa maitiro; vamwe vacho vanotarisisa kupindwa muropa nezvinonyadzisira pamhepo. Nekudaro, kunyangwe kuedza kwese, isu hatichakwanise kutaura kana tichiita maitiro aya anova ezviratidzo. Zvinetso zvinowanzoitika zvinosanganisira: saruro yekufungidzira, kutsvaga kweanoshandiswa ekuongorora, kupikisa kuwongorora kune nyaya, uye chokwadi chekuti chinhu ichi chinogona kunge chakafukidzwa mukati medzidziso yakakura kwazvo (kureva, kupindwa muropa nebonde) inogona kuzviratidza iine chiratidzo chakasiyana. Kuverengera maitiro ekudzivirira kunoumba nzvimbo isina kudzidza yekudzidza, uye kazhinji inoratidza ine dambudziko rekushandisa muenzaniso: kurasikirwa kwekutonga, kukanganisika, uye kushandisa njodzi.

Hypersexual kusagadzikana inokodzera iyi modhi uye inogona kuve yakaumbwa nehuwandu hwekuita zvepabonde, sekunetseka kushandisa kwezvinowanikwa online zvinonyadzisira (POPU). Kushandisa zvinonyadzisira paInternet kuri kuwedzera, nekugona kupindwa muropa nekufunga “katatu A” pesvedzero (kuwanikwa, kukwanisa, kusazivikanwa). Uku kushandisa zvinetso kunogona kuve nemhedzisiro inosimudzira mukuvandudzwa kwepabonde uye kushanda kwepabonde, kunyanya pakati pevechidiki.

Sezvatinoziva, zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zvinotsigira chikamu ichi sechirwere chechirwere nezvakakosha zviratidzo zvakadai sekushaya zvepabonde uye kusagutsikana kwepabonde. Zvose zvebasa riripo zvinobva pane tsvakurudzo yakafanana yakaitwa pazvinhu zvinodhaka, zvichienderana nehutano hwekuona zvinonyadzisira paIndaneti se'kusimudzira zvakanyanya 'kune chinhu chaicho chaicho, kuburikidza nekuenderera mberi kwekushandisa, chinogona kukonzera chirwere chinodhaka. Zvisinei, pfungwa dzakadai sekushivirira uye kuzvidzora hazvikwanise kusimbiswa zvakakwana kuti zvifananidzire kunyora kusagadzikana, uye naizvozvo inoumba chikamu chinokosha chekutsvakurudza mune ramangwana. Kwemazuva ano, chikwata chekutsvaga chinenge chichibva kunze kwekutonga zvepabonde chikabatanidzwa kuI ICD-11 nekuda kwehutano hwechirwere ichi, uye zvechokwadi chichashandiswa kugadzirisa varwere vane zviratidzo izvi zvinokumbira vanachiremba kuti vabatsirwe.

23) Occurrence uye kukurudzirwa kwepaIndaneti kusvuta zvinodhaka: humwe hutachiona hunokonzera, husi hunosimudzira nzira uye nzira dzechiredhi (2019) - Excerpts:

Kutanga uye kukura kweiyo cybersex kupindwa muropa kune matanho maviri ane classical mamiriro uye anoshanda mamiriro. Kutanga, vanhu vanoshandisa cybersex dzimwe nguva kunze kwevaraidzo uye kuda kuziva. Pane ino nhandareni, kushandiswa kwemidziyo yeInternet kwakapendwa nehukadzi hwekuita bonde uye Mhedzisiro yekumamiriro emhando, inoenderera mberi nekunzwa kwemaitiro e-cybersex ane hukama iyo inokonzera kushuva kukuru. Kugadzikana kwemunhu mumwe nemumwe kunoitisa kunzwisiswa kwema cybersex ane hukama. Panhanho yechipiri, vanhu vanoshandisa cybersex kazhinji kugutsa zvishuwo zvavo zvebonde kana Munguva iyi kuita, cybersex-inoenderana nekuziva kukosora sekutarisira kwakanakira cybersex uye kurwisa maitiro ekuishandisa sekushandisa iyo kusangana nemanzwiro asina kunaka anosimbiswa. ne cybersex kupindwa muropa senge narcissism, kusangana kwepfungwa kutsvaga, kufara kwepabonde, kusagadzikana kushandiswa kwepabonde zvakare kunosimbiswa, nepo hunhu hwakajairika kusagadzikana senge kutya, kuzvishingisa kwakaderera uye psychopathologies sekushungurudzika, kuzvidya moyo kwakasimbiswa.

Executive function deficits inoitika nekuda kwekushandisa kwenguva refu cybersex. Kudyidzana kweakuru basa kushomeka uye kwakanyanya kuchiva kunosimudzira budiriro uye kuchengetedza Zve cybersex kupindwa muropa. Vanotsvaga vanoshandisa electrophysiological uye brain imaging zvishandiso kunyanya kudzidza cybersex kupindwa muropa vakawana kuti cybersex vanopindwa muropa vanogona kukura nekuwedzera kushuvira kwekuda cybersex pavanotarisana necypsex-inoenderana nemitezo, asi vanonzwa vashoma uye vasinganakidzi kana vachishandisa iyo. Zvidzidzo zvinopa humbowo hwekuchiva kukuru kwakakonzerwa kunokonzerwa ne-cybersex-cites uye kusagadzikana kwekuita basa.

Mukupedzisa, vanhu vari panjodzi yekubata cybersex havagone kumisa cybersex kushandisa kunze uye zvakanyanya kuda kwe cybersex uye kutadza kuita basa, asi vanonzwa kushomeka kana kushoma kana vachishandisa, uye kutsvaga zvimwe zvakawanda zvekutanga zvinonyadzisira zvinhu. online pamutengo wenguva yakawanda nemari. Kana vachinge vadzora kushandisa cybersex kana kungoisiya, vangangotambura nemhedzisiro yemhedzisiro senge kushushikana, kusagadzikana, kusagadzikana kwekusashanda, kushomeka kwekumutsa bonde.

24) Dzidziso, kudzivirira, uye kurapwa kweanonyadzisira-kushandisa chirwere (2019)- Excerpts:

Dambudziko rekumanikidza kuita bonde kusagadzikana, kusanganisira dambudziko rekushandisa zvinonyadzisira, rave rakaverengerwa muICD-11 sekumanikidza kudzora dambudziko. Maitiro ekuongorora chirwere ichi, zvakadaro, akafanana kwazvo nemaitiro ekusagadzikana nekuda kwehunhu hwekumanikidzira, semuenzaniso zvinoitika zvepabonde zvinova chinhu chakanyanya kutarisisa hwehupenyu hwomunhu, kuedza kusabudirira kudzikisira kudzokorora maitiro ekuita zvepabonde uye kuramba uchidzokorora maitiro. kusangana nemhedzisiro yakaipa (WHO, 2019). Vazhinji vaongorori nevarapi vanotaurawo kuti kushandisa dambudziko rezvinonyadzisira kunogona kunetswa.

Kuchiva-kuita zvekare uye kuchiva kusanganisa pamwe nekuderedzwa kwekudzivirira, kutonga kwakazara (semuenzaniso maitiro) nekuwana kugutsikana uye kuripwa kwakabatana nekushandiswa kwezvinonyadzisira kwakaratidzirwa mune vanhu vane zviratidzo zvekuona zvinonyadzisira. Zvidzidzo zveNeurosciology zvinosimbisa kubatanidzwa kwekupindwa muropa kwakanangana neyekutenderera, kusanganisira iyo ventral striatum uye nezvimwe zvikamu zveconto-striatal loops, mukukudziridza uye kuchengetedza kwezvinhu zvinonetsa kuona zvinonyadzisira. Nyaya dzechiitiko uye proof-of-pfungwa zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kukosha kwekupindira kwemishonga, semuenzaniso opioid antagonist naltrexone, yekurapa vanhu vane zvinonyadzisira-yekushandisa kusagadzikana uye inomanikidza maitiro epabonde.

Kufunga kwekufungidzira uye uchapupu hwesimba hunoratidza kuti maitiro ehupfungwa uye hwezvemagariro akabatanidzwa mukukanganiswa kwezvirwere zvinokoshawo kune dambudziko rekushandisa zvinonyadzisira.

25) Kuzviona-Iwe Kune Dambudziko Rekuona Zvinonyadzisira Shandisa: Iyo Inosanganisa Model kubva kuKutsvaga Domain Tsika neEcological Perspective (2019) - Zvidimbu

Kuzviona wega dambudziko rine dambudziko rekushandisa zvinonyadzisira rinoratidzika kunge rine hukama nemayunitsi akawanda ekuongororwa uye akasiyana masisitimu ari muchisikwa. Kubva pane izvo zvakawanikwa mukati meiyo RDoC paradigm yakatsanangurwa pamusoro apa, zvinogoneka kugadzira chimiro chakabatana umo zvikamu zvakasiyana zvekuongorora zvinobata mumwe nemumwe (Fig. 1). Zvinotaridzika kuti yakakwirira manhamba e dopamine, iripo mukusikwa kweyakagadziriswa kweiyo mubairo system inoenderana neyepabonde chiitiko uye orgasm, inokanganisa kutungamira kweVTA-NAc system mune vanhu vanoshuma SPPPU. Uku kudzvinyirira kunotungamira mukushandurwa kukuru kweiyo mubairo system uye nekuwedzera mamiriro ane chekuita nekushandiswa kwezvekuona zvinonyadzisira, achikurudzira maitiro emafambiro ezvinyadzo zvinonyadzisira nekuda kwekuwedzera kwe dopamine muiyo nucleus accumbens.

Kuenderera mberi nekuratidzwa kune izvozvi uye zvirinyore zviripo zvinonyadzisira zvinhu zvinoita sekugadzira kusaenzana mune mesolimbic dopaminergic system. Iyi yakawandisa dopamine inoita kuti GABA ibudise nzira, inoburitsa dynorphin seyakagadzirwa, iyo inotitisa dopamine neurons. Kana dopamine ikadzikira, acetylcholine inosunungurwa uye inogona kuburitsa mamiriro ekuchinja (Hoebel et al. 2007), ichigadzira isina kunaka mubairo sisitimu inowanikwa mune yechipiri nhanho yemhando dzemhando. Uku kusaenzana kwakabatanawo nekuchinja kubva pakuenda kunzira yekudzivirira, kunoonekwa muvanhu vanotaura zvinonetsa kushandisa zvinonyadzisira ... Iko shanduko mune zvemukati nehunhu maitiro pakati pevanhu vane SPPPU zvakafanana neizvo zvinoonekwa kune vanhu vane zvinodhaka, uye mepu mumhando dzekupindwa muropa (Rudo et al. 2015).

26) Cybersex kupindwa muropa: kuongororwa kwekuvandudzwa uye kurapwa kwechirwere chinobuda (2020) - Excerpts:

Cybersex kupindwa muropa isiri-yezvinhu zvakapindwa muropa nezvinosanganisira zvepabonde pamhepo pa internet. Mazuva ano, dzakasiyana-siyana zvinhu zvine chekuita nebonde kana zvinonyadzisira zvinowanikwa zviri nyore kuburikidza ne internet media. MuIndonesia, zvepabonde zvinowanzo fungidzirwa kuti zvakaipa asi vazhinji vechidiki vaoneswa zvinonyadzisira. Izvo zvinogona kutungamira kune kupindwa muropa nemaitiro mazhinji asina kunaka kuvashandisi, sekushamwaridzana, mari, uye matambudziko epfungwa sekushungurudzika kukuru uye kusagadzikana kwekunetseka.

27) Ndeapi Mamiriro Ekuita Anofanirwa Kutariswa seMatambudziko muInternational Classification yeZvirwere (ICD-11) Kudomwa kwe "Zvimwe Zvakasarudzika Kukanganiswa Nekuda kweAddictive Maitiro?" (2020) - Ongororo yakaitwa nenyanzvi dzekupindwa muropa inopedzisa ichiti chirwere chekuona zvinonyadzisira mamiriro ezvinhu anofanirwa kuongororwa neiyo ICD-11 chikamu "kumwe kusarudzika kwakatsanangurwa nekuda kwehunhu hwekupindwa muropa". Mune mamwe mazwi, kushandisa zvinonyadzisira kwechikadzi kunoita senge zvimwe zvinodhaka zvinozivikanwa. Zvishandiso:

35) Mubairo Kuteerera, Kudzidza, uye Kukosheswa Kunosanganisirwa mune Dambudziko rekushandisa Zvinonyadzisira - Yekutsvaga Domain Criteria Maonero (2022) - Excerpts:

Muchidimbu, mhedzisiro kubva kune inodzidzisa SID zvidzidzo zvinonongedza kune maitiro uye neural mubairo wekufungidzira maitiro anokurudzirwa kuita zvepabonde pamusoro pemubairo wemari muvatori vechikamu vanePPU seyakakurumbira yekukurudzira dzidziso yekupindwa muropa inokurudzira [35]. Dzidziso iyi inotsanangura kuti kudzokorora kushandiswa kwechinhu kunokurudzira kutenderera kwemubairo kune cues zvine chekuita nekushandisa zvinodhaka, uye hunhu hunowedzera kukurudzira mhedzisiro kune idzi cues. Kuendeswa kuPPU, dunhu remubairo raizoratidza kuwedzera kukurudzira kusimba kune izvo zvinoratidzira zvinonyadzisira kushandiswa.

36) Maitiro epabonde ane dambudziko anofanirwa kutariswa pasi pehuwandu hwekupindwa muropa? Ongororo yakarongeka yakavakirwa paDSM-5 zvinodhaka zvekushandisa kusagadzikana maitiro (2023)

DSM-5 maitiro ekupindwa muropa nekusagadzikana akawanikwa akapararira pakati pevashandisi vepabonde vane dambudziko, kunyanya kuda, kurasikirwa kwekutonga pamusoro pekushandisa bonde, uye mhedzisiro yakaipa ine chekuita nekuita zvepabonde…. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinofanirwa kuitwa [uchishandisa] iyo DSM-5 maitiro [kuongorora] kupindwa muropa-senge maficha ane dambudziko maitiro epabonde mumakiriniki uye asiri ekiriniki vanhu.

ona Zvinopokana & Zvinotsausa Zvidzidzo pamapepanhau akabudiswa zvikuru izvo zvisiri izvo zvavanoti ivo (bepa iri - Ley et al., 2014 - yakanga isiri ongororo yemabhuku uye akanyengera zvakanyanya mapepa ayo aireva). Maona peji ino yeakawanda mafundo anobatanidza porn anoshandisa kumatambudziko epabonde uye kuderera kwepabonde & kugutsikana kwehukama.

Zvidzidzo zvehutano (fMRI, MRI, EEG, Neuro-endocrine, Neuro-pyschological) pavanoshandisa zvinonyadzisira uye vanovhiringidza zvepabonde:

Izvo neurological zvidzidzo pazasi zvakakamurwa nenzira mbiri: (1) nekudzvinyirira-kwakanangana nehuropi kunochinja kwese kunotaurwa, uye (2) panosvika zuva rekuburitswa.

1) Yakanyorwa neAdiction-Inoenderana neBrain Shanduko: Iro hukuru hukuru hunochinja hunokonzerwa nekutsamwa kunotsanangurwa George F. Koob uye Nora D. Volkow mune zvavakarongedza. Koob ndiye Mutungamiriri weNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), uye Volkow ndiye mutungamiriri weNational Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Yakabudiswa muThe New England Journal of Medicine: Neurobiologic Kufambira mberi kubva muBurin Disease Model of Addiction (2016). Pepanhau rinotsanangura hukuru huro hunochinja hunobatanidzwa nezvose zvinodhaka uye zvinokonzera kukanganisa, pazvinenge zvichitaura muvhesi yaro iyo inodhaka yekuita zvepabonde iripo:

"Tinopedzisa kuti neuroscience inoramba ichitsigira chirwere cheuropi chirwere chekudhakwa. Ongororo yeNeuroscience munharaunda ino haisi chete inopa mikana mitsva yekudzivirira uye kurapwa kwezvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa nemishonga pamwe nemafungiro ehutano akafanana (semuenzaniso, kuzvokudya, pabonde, uye kubhejera) .... "

Iyo Volkow & Koob bepa rakatsanangura ina yakakosha kupindwa muropa-kwakakonzera shanduko dzehuropi, dzinova: 1) Sensitization, 2) Desensitization, 3) Dysfunctional prefrontal circuits (kunyengedzera), 4) Kusagadzikana kunetseka. Zvose 4 zvekuchinja kwehuropi idzi zvakave dzichionekwa pakati pezviongorori zvepfungwa zvekutsvaga zviri papeji ino:

• Studies reporting kukurudzira (cue-reactivity & cravings) muvanoshandisa zvinonyadzisira / vanoita zvepabonde: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28.
• Studies reporting desensitization kana kugara (zvichikonzera kushivirira) muvanoshandisa zvinonyadzisira / vanoita zvepabonde: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
• Zvidzidzo zvichitaura nezvehurombo hwakanaka hwekushanda (unyengeri) kana kuchinjwa basa rekutarisa kune vanonyadzisira / vanoita zvepabonde: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.
• Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza a dysfunctional stress system muvanoshandisa zvinonyadzisira / vanoita zvepabonde: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

2) Yakanyorwa naDhiresi YeParuzhinji: Nhamba inotevera ine zvidzidzo zvese zvepfungwa zvinyorwa zvakabudiswa pavanoshandisa zvinonyadzisira uye vanoita zvepabonde. Chimwe nechimwe chidzidzo chinorondedzerwa pasi apa chinoperekedzwa netsanangudzo kana kujekesa, uye chinoratidza kuti ndeupi wehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwakangokurukurwa hunoti hukurukure zvawanikwa zvichibvumirana:

1) Kuongorora Kwokutanga kweThe Impulsive Uye Neuroanatomical Zviratidzo zveKubata Kwokuita Zvepabonde (Miner et al., 2009) - [Dysfunctional prefrontal circuits / hurombo huripo hwebasa] - Chidiki fMRI kudzidza inosanganisira kunyanya vanoita zvepabonde (Kumanikidza Kuita Bonde). Kudzidza kunoratidzira humwe hunhu husina kujairika mune reGo-NoGo basa mune CSB zvidzidzo zvichienzaniswa nekutonga vatori vechikamu. Kuongorora kwehuropi kwakaratidza kuti vakapindwa muropa nepabonde vaive vasina kurongedza prefrontal cortex chena nyaya kana ichienzaniswa nemaitiro. Zvinyorwa:

Iyo data yakaratidzwa mupepa rino inoenderana nekufungidzira kuti CSB ine zvakawanda zvakafanana nekusagadzikana kwekudzora kusagadzikana, senge kleptomania, kumanikidza kubhejera, uye kusagadzikana kwekudya. Kunyanya, takaona kuti vanhu vanosangana nehurongwa hwekumanikidza maitiro ehupombwe akakwira pamusoro payo wega chirevo matanho ekusagadzikana, kusanganisira matanho ehukomba hwese uye hunhu hunokanganisa, Kukanganiswa …… .. Pamusoro pezvirevo zvepamusoro-zvataurwa, varwere veCSB zvakare yakaratidza zvakanyanya kushushikana pane hunhu hwehunhu, iyo Go-No Go maitiro.

Zvigumisiro zvakare zvinoratidza kuti varwere vechiScB vakaratidza zvakanyanya zvakakwirira kupfuura nzvimbo yakatarisa nzvimbo inoreva kupesana (MD) kupfuura kutonga. Kuongororwa kwehurumende kwakaratidza kushamwaridzana kwakakosha pakati pezviito zvekusava nehutano uye zvisinganzwisisiki zvakatarisa nzvimbo yakasiyana-siyana anisotrophy (FA) uye MD, asi hapana ushamwari nehukuru hwepamusoro-soro hwezviyero. Kuongororwa kwakafanana kwakaratidza kushamwaridzana kusina kunaka pakati pepamusoro-soro lobe MD uye yekunyengedza maitiro ekuita zvepabonde.

Nekudaro, izvi zvekutanga zvekuongororwa zviri kuvimbisa uye zvinopa chiratidzo chekuti pamwe pane pamwe zveuroanatomical uye / kana neurophysiological zvinhu zvine chekuita nekumanikidza kwepabonde maitiro. Idzi data zvakare dzinoratidza kuti CSB inogona kunge ichiratidzirwa nekusanzwisisika, asi zvakare inosanganisira zvimwe zvikamu, izvo zvingave zvine chekuita nekunetseka mupfungwa uye kunetseka kweOCD.

2) Kuzvidavirira kwakasiyana kwezviyero zvehutungamiri hwehutano uye hutachiona hwehutano mumushandi uye munharaunda yenzaniso yevarume (Reid et al., 2010) - [poor executive executive function] - An excerpt:

Varwere vanotsvaga rubatsiro kune hunhu hwehupombwe kazhinji vanoratidzira maficha ekusafunga, kuomarara kwekuziva, kutadza kutonga, kusakwana mukutonga kwemanzwiro, uye kunyanyisa kubata pabonde. Zvimwe zvehunhu izvi zvakajairika pakati pevarwere vanounza neurological pathology inosanganisirwa nehutachiona kusagadzikana. Izvi zvakatungamira mukuferefetwa kwazvino kwekusiyana pakati peboka revarwara nehupombwe (n = 87) uye isina-hypersexual munharaunda sampuro (n = 92) yevarume vanoshandisa iyo Behaeve Rating Inventory yeCommunity Function-Adult Vhezheni Hypersexual maitiro aive akanaka akabatana. ine indices dzepasirese dzekusagadzikana kwekutonga uye zvidimbu zvakati kuti zveBRIEF-A. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinopa humbowo hwepakutanga hunotsigira iyo fungidziro yekuti hutongi husingaite hunogona kuve hunokanganisa maitiro ehupombwe.

3) Kuona Zvinonyadzisira Mifananidzo paIndaneti: Basa reBonde Rokusimudzira Kuongorora uye Mafungiro-Mafungiro Epfungwa Nekushandisa Internet Sex Sites Zvikuru (Brand et al., 2011) - [kuda zvikuru / kukurudzira uye hurombo hwehutungamiri hunoshanda] - An excerpt:

Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti matambudziko ehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehutano hwakarongedzerwa nehutano hwekuita zvepabonde hwekuita zvehupombwe hwemashoko ezvehupombwe, huwandu hwakanyanya hwezviratidzo zvepfungwa, uye nhamba yezvigadziro zvepabonde zvinoshandiswa apo uri paIndaneti zvemasero ezuva nezuva muupenyu, asi nguva inoshandiswa paIndaneti zvemasero (maminitsi pazuva) haina kunyanya kujekesa kutsanangurwa kwekusiyana muIATsex chikamu. Tinoona zvimwe zvakafanana pakati pemagariro ekufungisisa uye neuropi zvingangobatsira pakuchengetedza kwepabonde yepamusoro pepabonde yepamusoro uye kune avo vanotsanangurwa kune vanhu vane kuzvidzivirira kwezvinhu.

4) Zvinonyadzisira Photo Processing Interferes ne Working Memory Performance (Laier et al., 2013) - [kuda zvikuru / kukurudzira uye hurombo hwehutungamiri hunoshanda] - An excerpt:

Vamwe vanhu vanotaura matambudziko panguva uye mushure mekutengesa zvepabonde paIndaneti, zvakadai sekusina kurara uye kukanganwa kusarudzwa, izvo zvinosanganiswa nemigumisiro yehupenyu husina kunaka. Imwe nzira inogona kutungamirira kune marudzi aya ematambudziko ndeyekuti kukwidza zvepabonde panguva yepabonde paIndaneti kunogona kukanganisa kushanda kwekuyeuka (WM) simba, zvichiita kuti kusaremekedzwa kwemashoko ezvekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye naizvozvo kusagadzikana kuita sarudzo. Mhinduro yakaratidza kuti yakaipisisa WM nharaunda mune zvinonyadzisira mifananidzo yemamiriro e-4-back akaenzaniswa nemamiriro matatu emifananidzo yakasara. Zvitsva zvinokurukurwa pamusoro pekutsvaga kweInternet nokuti kusanganisa kweWM nehutano hwehutano hwakanaka hunonyatsozivikanwa kubva kune zvido zvezvinhu.

5) Kubata Purogiramu Kwepabonde Nesimba Nekuita Zvisarudzo Pasi Pakaipa (Laier et al., 2013) - [kuda zvikuru / kukurudzira uye hurombo hwehutungamiri hunoshanda] - An excerpt:

Kusarudzwa kwekuita kwaive kwakaipisisa apo mifananidzo yepabonde yakabatanidzwa nechekuvhiringidza makadhi emakadhi kuenzaniswa nekushanda apo mifananidzo yepabonde yakabatanidzwa kune zvinyorwa zvinobatsira. Kuita zvekuita zvepabonde kunonongedza hukama pakati pemamiriro ezvinhu emabasa nekuita zvisarudzo. Chidzidzo ichi chakasimbisa kuti kusangana kwepabonde kunopesana nekugadzirisa zvisarudzo, izvo zvinogona kutsanangura kuti nei vamwe vanhu vachiwana migumisiro yakaipa mumamiriro ekushandisa kwepabonde paIndaneti.

6) Kuita zvepabonde paIndaneti nehutano: Kuziva zvepabonde pakusangana nekuona zvinonyadzisira uye kwete chaiyo-hutano hwepabonde hunoita mutsauko (Laier et al., 2013) - [kuda zvikuru / kukurudzira uye hurombo hwehutungamiri hunoshanda] - An excerpt:

Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti zviratidzo zvepabonde zvinomutsa uye kuda kuIndaneti zvinonyadzisira zvichitsanangurwa maitiro ekutengesa zvepabonde paIndaneti paunotanga kudzidza. Zvakare, zvakaratidzwa kuti vanoshungurudza vanoshandisa zvepabonde paIndaneti vanotaura zvekukurudzira zvepabonde zvakanyanya uye kuda kwekushushikana kunokonzerwa nekuona zvinonyadzisira. Mune zvidzidzo zviviri, nhamba uye hutano nehupenyu hwehupenyu hwepabonde hwaisati hwabatanidzwa neIndaneti nehutano hwehutano. Zvigumisiro zvinotsigira kugutsikana kwehutano, iyo inotanga kusimbisa, kudzidzira nzira, nekuchiva kuva nehutano hwekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa kwehutano hwepaIndaneti. Varombo kana kuti vasina kugutsikana zvepabonde vemazuva ehupenyu havangagoni kutsanangura zvakakwana kutsanangura kwepabonde yeIndaneti.

7) Kuda zvepabonde, kwete hupombwe, hunoenderana Neurophysiological Responses Yakarongedzwa nemifananidzo yepabonde (Steele et al., 2013) - [guru guru-reactivity rinopindirana nechishuvo chiduku chepabonde: senitization uye tsika] - Iyi yekudzidza EEG yakatangwa mune zvenhau sehuchapupu hunopesana nekuvapo kwehutano hwepabonde / zvepabonde. Kwete. Steele et al. 2013 chaizvoizvo inokweretesa kutsigira kwezvinhu zvose zvepabonde zvinodhaka uye zvinonyadzisa kushandisa pasi-kutonga chido chepabonde. Sei zvakadaro? Chidzidzo chacho chakanyora kuverenga kweEEG yakakwirira (nechepamusoro pekusarerekera mifananidzo) apo hurukuro dzaive dzakanyatsobudiswa pamifananidzo yezvinonyadzisira. Zvidzidzo zvinoramba zvichiratidza kuti P300 yakakwirira inowanikwa apo kuvhiringidzwa kunoiswa pachena kune zvinyorwa (zvakadai semifananidzo) zvine chokuita nekudhakwa kwavo.

Maererano ne Cambridge University uropi hunoongorora zvidzidzo, iyi EEG yekudzidza wo yakashuma mukuru-reactivity kune zvinonyadzisira zvinoenderana ne zvishoma chido chekuita zvepabonde. Kuzviisa nenzira imwe - vanhu vane huropi hukuru hwekuita zvepabonde vangangobata masturbate kune zvinonyadzisira pane kurara nemunhu chaiye. Zvinotyisa, mutauri wekudzidza Nicole Prause akataura kuti vashandi vepabonde vaingova "nepamusoro-soro," asi zviitiko zvekudzidza zvinoreva zvakanyatsopesana (chirevo 'chido chekuita zvepabonde pamwe chete chakanga chiri kuderera maererano nekushandisa kwavo kwepabonde).

Pamwe chete, izvi zviviri Steele et al. zviwanikwa zvinoratidza hukuru hwehuropi chiitiko kune cues (mifananidzo ye porn), asi zvishoma reactivity kune zvakasikwa mibairo (bonde nemunhu). Kukurudzira nekushushikana, izvo zvinova chiratidzo chekupindwa muropa. Mapepa masere akaongororwa nevezera rako anotsanangura chokwadi: Peer-reviewed reviews of Steele et al., 2013. Uyewo ona izvi yakawanda YBOP inotsanangura.

Kunze kwezvinyorwa zvisingaverengeki mubhidhiyo, zvinoshungurudza kuti ruzivo rwaPruse's 2013 EGG rwakapedzisira ruchidzokororwa, sezvo rwakatambura nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana: 1) nyaya dzaiva zvakasiyana-siyana (varume, vakadzi, kwete-heterosexuals); 2) nyaya dzaive kwete kuongororwa kwezvirwere zvepfungwa kana kukanganisa; 3) kudzidza kwaive hapana boka rinodzora rekuenzanisa; 4) mibvunzo yaiva hazvina kuvimbiswa nekuda kwekushandisa zvinonyadzisira kana kupindwa muropa kwepabonde. Steele at al. yakakanganisika zvakanyanya zvekuti 4 chete pane ataurwa pamusoro apa makumi maviri nemana ekuongorora mabhuku & mhinduro zvinetsa kuzvitaura: vaviri vanozvitsoropodza sezvisingagamuchirwi nesayenzi yesayenzi, asi vaviri vanozvitaura sechirano chinonzi cue-reactivity nechishuvo chekuita zvepabonde nemumwe wako (zviratidzo zvekudhakwa).

8) Urongwa hweBongo uye Kubatanidza Kunoshanda Kushamwaridzana Nezvinonyadzisira Kushandiswa: Brain on Porn (Kuhn & Gallinat, 2014) - [deensitization, habituation, uye zvisina kukodzera mapurisa anotenderera]. Iyi Max Planck Institute yeFMRI yakarondedzera kuti 3 tsanangudzo yehutano inobatanidza nepamusoro mazinga ekushandisa zvinonyadzisira: (1) kudarika mubayiro wejeri gorosi (dorsal striatum), (2) shoma mubayiro wekuita basa nekuona kwenguva pfupi zviratidzo zvepabonde, (3) pakati pe dorsal striatum uye dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Vatsvakurudzi vakatsanangura zvinonzi 3 zvitsva semuenzaniso wemigumisiro yenguva refu yekutsvaga zvinonyadzisira. Akati kuongorora,

Izvi zvinopindirana nemafungiro ekuti kunyatsotarisana nekuona zvinonyadzisira kunokonzera kugadzirisa-mutemo wezvisikwa zvemagariro ezvisikwa kune zvinokonzera zvepabonde.

Mukutsanangura kugadziriswa kwevarombo kune hurombo pakati pePFC uye striatum chidzidzo chacho chakati,

Kusakosha kwematunhu aya kwave kwakabatana nekusarudzo kusina kunaka, zvakadai sekutsvaga zvinodhaka, zvisinei nokuti zvingave zvakashata sei

Mutungamiri anotungamirira Simone Kühn achitaura muMax Planck kudhinda hurukuro akati:

Tinofungidzira kuti nyaya idzi nepamusoro pekushandisa zvinonyadzisira dzinoda kukurudzirwa kuwedzera kukugamuchira mubayiro wakafanana wemubairo. Izvozvo zvinogona kureva kuti kugara uchishandisa zvinonyadzisira zvishoma nezvishoma zvinopedza mubairo wako. Izvozvo zvinokodzera zvakakwana pfungwa yokuti mibairo yavo inoda kuwedzera kukurudzira.

9) Neural Correlates Zvekuita Zvepabonde Reactivity Muvanhu Vose vane uye vasina Kuita Zvepabonde Zvokuita Zvepabonde (Voon et al., 2014) - [sensitization / cue-reactivity uye deensitization] Yokutanga mumakwikwi eCambridge University zvidzidzo zvakawana humwe huro hwehutano hwehutano hwehupombwe (CSB zvidzidzo) sezvinowanikwa mune zvinodhakwa uye zvinodhakwa - zvakanyanya-cec-reactivity kana kukurudzirwa. Mutungamiriri wokutsvaga Valerie Voon Akati:

Pane zvakasiyana zvakasiyana muhuropi huripo pakati pevatano vanoita zvekuita zvepabonde uye vanozvipira vane hutano. Kusiyana uku kunoratidzira izvo zvezvinodhaka zvinodhaka.

Voon et al., 2014 akawanawo kuti zvinodhaka zvepabonde zvakakodzera iyo yakagamuchirwa mutevedzeri wemishonga yekutsvaga "iyo" kupfuura, asi kwete kuifarira "iyo" zvakare. Excerpt:

Kuenzaniswa nevanozvipira vane hutano, nyaya dzeCSB dzaive nechishuvo chekuita zvepabonde zvepamusoro kana chichida kutaura zvakajeka uye dzakanga dzakanyanya kufanidza zvinyorwa kune zvinyorwa zvisiri izvo, zvichiratidza kusabatana pakati pekuda uye kuifarira

Vatsvakurudzi zvakare vakatsanangura kuti 60% yezvidzidzo ((muvhareji wezera: 25) aine dambudziko pakuita zvisarudzo / kumutsa nevakaroorana chaivo, asi vanogona kuita zvigadziriswa nehupenzi. Izvi zvinoratidza kukurudzira kana kugara. Excerpts:

Shanduro dzeCSB dzakarondedzerwa kuti semugumisiro wokushandiswa kwakanyanya kwezvinhu zvepabonde zvinoratidzira ... .. ruzivo rwakaderera libido kana erectile basa kunyanya mukukama kwepamberi nevadzimai (kunyange zvisinei neukama hwezvinhu zvepabonde)

Shanduro dzeCSB dzienzaniswa nevanozvipira vane hutano hwakaoma zvikuru nekuita zvepabonde uye vane ruzivo rwakanyanya rwe erectile muhukama hwepedyo hwepabonde asi kwete zvepabonde.

10) Kuvandudza Nyaya Dzokuratidza Zvepabonde Zviratidzo Zvinoonekwa Muvanhu Vose vasina uye Vanomanikidzira Kuita Zvepabonde Zvokuita Zvepabonde (Mechelmans et al., 2014) - [sensitization / cue-reactivity] - Chipiri cheCambridge University kudzidza. An excerpt:

Zvatinowana zvekusimudzirwa kwezvinhu zvakanyanya ... zvinoratidza kuti zvinogona kuwedzerwa nekusimudzirwa kwezvinhu zvakanyanyisa zvakatariswa mune zvidzidzo zvezvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa mune zvinodhaka mune zvinetso zvekudhakwa. Izvi zvitsva zvinotenderera nezvino kuwanikwa kweiyoural reactivity kune zvepabonde zvinotsanangurwa mune zve [zvinodhaka zvepabonde] mumutanho wakafanana nezvo zvakabatanidzwa muzvinodhaka-cue-reactivity zvidzidzo uye kupa rubatsiro rwekukurudzirwa mafungiro ezvokuita zvinokonzera kushandiswa kwemaitiro ekuita zvepabonde mu [ vanoita zvepabonde]. Izvi zvichitaura nezvatinoona zvatave kuona kuti mavhidhiyo anobudisa zvepabonde aibatanidzirwa nebasa guru mumutambo wevanosangana neural network yakafanana neakaonekwa mumishonga-cue-reactivity zvidzidzo. Chido chakakura kana kuda pane kufarira chakanga chichibatanidzwa zvakare nebasa iri mumutambo wevasikana. Izvi zvidzidzo pamwe chete zvinopa rubatsiro rwekukurudzira pfungwa yekukurudzira kwekushungurudza kunotarisana nemhinduro yakasimba kune zvepabonde mune CSB.

11) Kuita zvepabonde paIndaneti pahutachiona muhutano hwemadzimai vevashandi veIndaneti zvinonyadzisira zvinogona kutsanangurwa nekugutsikana pfungwa (Laier et al., 2014) - [chido chikuru / kusimbisa] - Anonyanya kuitika:

Takaongorora makumi mashanu nemapfumbamwe echikadzi IPU uye makumi mashanu neshanu vasiri veInternet zvinonyadzisira vanoshandisa (NIPU). Tichishandisa mibvunzo, takaongorora kuomarara kweiyo cybersex kupindwa muropa zvakawandisa, pamwe nekuenzana kwekupokana pabonde, dambudziko rakawanda rebonde, uye kuomarara kwezviratidzo zvepfungwa. Pamusoro pezvo, paradigm yekuyedza, kusanganisira yakavanzika yekumutsa mifananidzo yemihanzi ye51, pamwe nezviratidzo zvekuchiva, yakaitwa. Zvawanikwa zvakaratidza kuti IPU yakayera mifananidzo yezvinonyadzisira uye inowedzera kushuvira nekuda kwemifananidzo inonyadzisira inoenzaniswa neNIPU. Uyezve, kuchiva, kurara pamwe kwevanhu zvinoyemurika kwemifananidzo, kunzwa kwekuita zvepabonde, chinetso chezvepabonde, uye kuomarara kwezviratidzo zvepfungwa zvakafanotaurwa nezvekuda kupindwa muropa necybersex muIPU.

Kuva muhukama, huwandu hwevanobata zvepabonde, kugutsikana nehukama hwepabonde, uye kushandiswa kweinternet cybersex hakuna kubatana neiyo cybersex kupindwa muropa. Mhedzisiro iyi inoenderana neyakataurwa kuvanhurume vanoita zvepabonde muzvidzidzo zvakapfuura. Zviwanikwa zvine chekuita nekusimba kwebonde, maitiro ekudzidza, uye basa rechikonzero chekudzokorora uye chishuvo mukuvandudzwa kweiyo cybersex kupindwa muropa neIPU inoda kukurukurwa.

12) Empirical Uchapupu uye Mafungiro Anofungidzirwa pamusoro pezvinhu Zvinobatsira Kuita Zvepabonde paIndaneti Kubatwa neCognitive Behavioral View (Laier et al., 2014) - [chido chikuru / kusimbisa] - Anonyanya kuitika:

Chimiro chechiitiko chinowanzozonzi cybersex inodhaka (CA) uye nzira dzayo yekuvandudza dzinokurukurwa. Basa rakapfuura rinoratidza kuti vamwe vanhu vangave vachinetseka kuC CA, nepo kusimbiswa kwakanaka uye kugadzirisa-reactivity kunofungidzirwa senzira huru dzekuvandudza CA. Muchidzidzo ichi, 155 varume vanoita zvepabonde vakarovera 100 zvinonyadzisira mifananidzo uye vakaratidza kuwedzera kwavo kwekuita zvepabonde. Uyezve, maitiro kuC CA, kunzwisisana nekunakidzwa nekuita zvepabonde, uye kusashandiswa kwekusangana kwepabonde nevakawanda zvakaongororwa. Migumisiro yechirongwa ichi inoratidza kuti kune zvikonzero zvekutambura kweCCA uye kupa uchapupu hwebasa rekugutsikana kwepabonde uye kusagadzikana kwekutarisana mukugadzirwa kweC.

13) Ruzivo, Kuratidzira uye Kuchengetedza Nyaya Dzepabonde (Banca et al., 2015) - [kukura zvikuru / kukurudzirwa uye kugara / deensitization] - Rimwe Cambridge University fMRI kudzidza. Kuenzaniswa nekutarisa vanoita zvepabonde vanoshushikana vanosarudza ruzivo rwepabonde uye zvakagadziriswa zvinyorwa zvinosanganiswa zvepabonde. Zvisinei, uropi hwehupombwe hunokanganisa hunogara huchikurumidza kumifananidzo yepabonde. Sezvo runyararo rwusati rwuri rusati rwavapo, runofungidzirwa kuti kusvuta kwepabonde kunotungamirira kutsvaga kwekutsvaga mukuedza kukurira tsika uye zvekuda.

Kuita zvepabonde kuita zvepabonde (CSB) kwakabatanidzwa nekuvandudzwa kwemaitiro ekuita zvepabonde, zvichienzaniswa nekudzikisa zvidhori, uye zvakasarudzwa zvekare kune zvinyorwa zvakagadzirirwa kune zvepabonde uye zvemari kana zvisingabatsiri kana zvichienzaniswa nevanozvipira vane utano. VaScB vanhu vaivewo nepamusoro pekugadzirisa maitiro ekudzokorora zvepabonde nemabhadharo emari nehuwandu hwemaitiro ekubatana nechisarudzo chinosimudzirwa nehutano hwepabonde. Nzira yekuzvibata kune zvekuita zvepabonde dzakasununguka kubva pakusarudzwa kwemaitiro zvakabatanidzwa nekunyoresa kufungidzirwa kwezvifananidzo zvepabonde. Ichi chidzidzo chinoratidza kuti CSB vanhu vane hutano husina kunaka hwehutano hwepabonde hunogona kupindirana nehukuru hwekugara huno pamwe nekugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa mamiriro ekugadzirisa mubayiro. An excerpt:

An excerpt kubva pane imwe nyaya yakasunungurwa:

Vakaona kuti kana vanokanganisa zvepabonde vaiona chifananidzi chepabonde chimwechete zvakare, vachienzaniswa nevanozvipira vane hutano vakawana kuderera kukuru kwebasa munharaunda yeuropi inozivikanwa seyikudzivirira anterior cingulate cortex, inozivikanwa kuti inobatanidzwa mukutarisira mibayiro uye kupindura zviitiko zvitsva. Izvi zvinowirirana ne 'habituation', apo mishonga inowanzoita kuti zvimwe zvinokurudzira zvishoma nezvishoma zvikomborerwe - somuenzaniso, mudiri wekhofi anogona kuwana caffeine 'buzz' kubva mumukombe wavo wokutanga, asi nekufamba kwenguva ivo vanomwa kako kakawanda, vaduku buzz inova.

Izvi zvinoita kuti munhu ave nehutano hwevarume vane hutano hwakaratidzwa. Asi apo pavanotarisa vhidhiyo itsva, mukana wekufarira nekumutsa unodzokera kumwero wepakutanga. Izvi zvinoreva kuti, kudzivirira tsika, mutoro wepabonde unoda kutsvaga kuwaniswa kwemifananidzo mitsva. Mune mamwe mazwi, tsika dzinogona kuendesa kutsvaga mifananidzo yakave.

"Zvatinowana zvinonyanya kukosha munharaunda yekuona zvinonyadzisira paIndaneti," anowedzera Dr Voon. "Hazvisi pachena izvo zvinokonzera kushungurudzwa kwepabonde pakutanga uye zvichida kuti vamwe vanhu vanonyanya kutarirwa kudhakwa kupfuura vamwe, asi kuonekwa kusingaperi kwemifananidzo yepabonde inowanikwa iri paIndaneti kunobatsira kuderedza kusvuta kwavo, zvichiita kuti zviwedzere uye zvakaoma kutiza. "

14) Neural Substrates of Sexual Will in Individual With Problematic Hypersexual Behavior (Seok & Sohn, 2015) - [guru cue reactivity / senitization uye kusagadzikana kwepamusoro-soro]] - Iyi yekuKorea fMRI yekuongorora inotsanangura dzimwe dzidzo dzehuropi kune vanoshandisa zvinonyadzisira. Kufanana neCambridge University inodzidza yakawana hutano-hunokonzerwa nehuropi hunoita hutano hwekuita zvepabonde, izvo zvakaratidza maitiro evanhu vanodhaka. Maererano nedzidzo dzechiGermany dzakawanda dzakawana kuchinjwa mu prefrontal cortex inofanirana nekuchinja kunoonekwa mumishonga inodhaka. Chii chitsva ndechokuti zvakawanikwa zvakafananidzwa ne prefrontal cortex activation maitiro anoonekwa mune zvinodhakwa zvinodhaka: Greater cue-reactivity kuzvifananidzo zvepabonde asi inopindurwa mhinduro kune zvimwe zvinowanzokonzera. An excerpt:

Kudzidza kwedu kwakakonzera kuongorora neural correlates yechishuwo chepabonde nechakaitika-chinoshandiswa magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Vanhu vane makumi maviri nevatatu vane PHB uye 22 vane maitiro akaenzana ane hutano hwakanaka vakaongororwa pavanenge vasina kutarisa zvepabonde uye zvisingaiti zvepabonde. Zvidzidzo zvepabonde zvekuita zvepabonde zvakaongororwa mukupindura kwehutano hwepabonde. Zvichienderana nekutonga, vanhu vane PHB vanowanzogara vachiwedzera uye vachiwedzerwa chido chepabonde pavanenge vachiratidza zvido zvepabonde. Kuburikidza kukuru kwakaratidzwa mumusana unocheka, pasi parietal lobe, kuderedza anterior cingulate gyrus, thalamus, uye dorsolateral prefrontal cortex muboka reFB kupfuura pane boka rekutonga. Mukuwedzera, maitiro eHemodynamic munharaunda dzakagadzirwa dzakasiyana pakati pemapoka. Zvinopindirana nezvakawanikwa pakuongororwa kwepfungwa dzepfungwa dzehutsika uye unhu hwekuzvibata, vanhu vane unhu hunoenderana neFBB uye chido chekusimudzirwa chinoratidzwa kushandiswa kushandiswa mumatunhu e prefrontal cortex uye subcortical

15) Kufananidza kwemazuva ekupedzisira Mazano anonyadzisira nemifananidzo yepabonde muchinetso Vatengesi uye Vanodzora Vasingapindirani ne "Porn Addiction" (Prause et al., 2015) - [habituation] - Chipiri cheEEG kudzidza kubva Team Nicole Prause. Ichi chidzidzo chakafananidza nyaya dze2013 kubva Steele et al., 2013 kusvika kune rimwe boka rekudzora boka (asi rakarohwa nenzira imwecheteyo yezvikanganiso zvinonzi pamusoro apa). Zvinoguma: Kuenzaniswa nekutonga "vanhu vane matambudziko anorongedza maonero avo ekuona zvinonyadzisira" vaiva nehupombwe hwakapindura kune imwe-yechipiri kudikanwa kumifananidzo yevanilla porn. The munyori anotungamirira anoti izvi zvinoguma "debunk porn addiction. "Chii musayendisiti anokodzera vangadai vachiti ivo voga vasina kudzidza zvakanyanyisa vakavhiringidza a nzvimbo yakagadziridzwa yekudzidza?

Muzvokwadi, zvakawanikwa zve Prause et al. 2015 ienzanise zvakakwana Kühn & Gallinat (2014), iyo yakawana kuti zvimwe zvinonyadzisa zvinoshandiswa zvakasanganiswa nechepfungwa shoma kushandiswa mukupindura mifananidzo yevanilla porn. Prause et al. zvitsva zvinowirirana zvakare Banca et al. 2015 iyo iri #13 mune urongwa urwu. Uyezve, imwe EEG kudzidza vakawana kuti hukuru hwekushandisa zvinonyadzisira muvakadzi hwakabatana nehuropi hwakawanda hwekuita kune porn. Kuderera kweEEG kuverenga kunoreva kuti zvidzidzo zviri kubhadhara zvishoma kumifananidzo. Taura zvakapusa, vaigara vachiona zvinonyadzisira vaishushikana nemifananidzo yevanilla porn. Vakanga vakasurukirwa (vakajairira kana kushushikana). Ona izvi yakawanda YBOP inotsanangura. Gumi mapepa vezera-aongorora vanobvuma kuti kudzidza ichi chaizvoizvo kuwana desensitization / habituation mu kakawanda Porn vanoshandisa (kunoenderana muropa): Peer-reviewed reviews of Prause et al., 2015

Kunyengetera kwakaratidza kuti maEEG maverengi ake akaongororwa "cue-reactivity" (kukurudzira), pane kugara. Kunyange kana Kunyengetera kwaiva kwakarurama iye anonyatsorega kukanganisa gomba rakakonzerwa naro "kutadza" kutaura: Kunyange kana Prause et al. 2015 vakanga vawana zvishoma zvishoma-reactivity muvanoshandisa vanowanzoona zvepabonde, 24 dzimwe dzidzo dzezveuropiyo dzakashuma cue-reactivity kana chido (sensitization) muzvinomanikidza vanoshandisa zvinonyadzisira: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24. Sayenzi haina kuenda ne imwe isingafadzi kudzidza kukanganiswa ne zvakakomba nzira yekukanganisa; sainzi inoenda pamwe nekugadzirira kweuchapupu (kunze kwako iwe inotenderedzwa).

16) HPA Axis Dysregulation In Men With Hypersexual Disorder (Chatzittofis, 2015) - [kusagadzikana kwepfungwa] - Kuongorora nevarume vechidiki zvepabonde zve 67 uye hutongi hwe 39 hwemakore. IHypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) inotsanangurira mutambi wepakati mumatambudziko edu. Zvidhakwa shandura dambudziko reuropi rinoshungurudza zvichiita kuti iHIS irege kushanda. Ichi chidzidzo pamusoro pevarume vanoita zvepabonde (vanoita zvepabonde) vakawana kuchinjwa kupindurwa kwemhinduro kunofanidza kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvinodhaka. Zvinyorwa kubva kumutsara wokubudiswa:

Chidzidzo chacho chaisanganisira varume vane 67 vane hypersexual disorder uye 39 vane hutano hwakakodzana. Vadzidzi vacho vakanyatsoongororwa kuti vane hutachiona hwehutachiona uye chero hutano husina kunaka nekuora mwoyo kana kushungurudzika kwevana. Vatsvakurudzi vakavapa mubairo wakaderera we dexamethasone manheru manheru asati aedzwa kuti avhare mafungiro avo ekumanikidzwa kwepfungwa, uye mangwanani mangwanani vakayera maitiro avo ekudzvinyirira mahomoni cortisol uye ACTH. Vakaona kuti varwere vane chirwere chehutachiona vane huwandu hwakawanda hwehomoni dzakadai kupfuura hutano hwakanaka, musiyano wakasara kunyange mushure mekudzora kukonzera kushungurudzika pamwe uye kushungurudzika kwevana.

"Aberrant kudzvinyirira mitemo yakamboonekwa mune varwere vakaora mwoyo uye vanozviuraya pamwe chete nevanoshungurudza zvinhu," anodaro Purofesa Jokinen. "Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, chinangwa chave chave chiri pamusoro pekuti kushungurudzika kwevana kunogona kutungamirira kukanganisa kwenhengo dzomumuviri wepfungwa kuburikidza nedzimwe inonzi maitiro epigenetic, mune mamwe mazwi maitiro avo emagariro evanhu anogona kukanganisa mazamu anoronga maitiro aya." Maererano ne vatsvakurudzi, zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti zvakafanana neurobiological system inobatanidza mune imwe rudzi rwekushungurudza inogona kushanda kuvanhu vane hypersexual disorder.

17) Prefrontal kudzora uye inodhaka kushandiswa: inoretical model uye kugadziriswa kweurouropsychological uye neuroimaging findings (Brand et al., 2015) - [dysfunctional prefrontal circuits / varombo vakuru basa nekukurudzira] - Chidimbu:

Zvinopindirana neizvi, mhedzisiro kubva kunoshanda neuroimaging uye kumwe kuongorora kwetsinga kunoratidza kuti cue-reactivity, kushuva, uye kuita sarudzo ndiwo mazano akakosha ekunzwisisa kupindwa muropa neInternet. Izvo zvakawanikwa pakuderedzwa kwehutongi hwekutonga zvinoenderana nezvimwe zvinokanganisa maitiro, sekubhejera kubhejera. Ivo zvakare vanosimbisa kupatsanurwa kwechiitiko sekupindwa muropa, nekuti kune zvekare zvakafanana zvinoenderana nezvakawanikwa mukutsamira kwezvinhu. Uyezve, mhedzisiro yechidzidzo chazvino inofananidzwa nezvakawanikwa kubva kutsvagurudzo yezvinhu uye kusimbisa kufanana pakati peiyo cybersex kupindwa muropa uye kutsamira kwezvinhu kana zvimwe zvinodhaka zvehunhu.

18) Kushamwaridzana kwakakwana muIndaneti yehutano hwepabonde: Kubvumirana kweAmplicit Association Test nemifananidzo yezvinonyadzisira (Snagkowski et al., 2015) - [chido chikuru / kusimbisa] - Chidimbu:

Zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi zvinoratidza kufanana pakati peiyo cybersex kupindwa muropa uye kutsamira kwezvinhu uye kupokana kuronga cybersex kupindwa muropa sehunhu hunodhakwa. Mukuvimbika kwezvinhu, masangano akasarudzika anozivikanwa kuti anoita basa rakakosha, uye kushamwaridzana kwakadai hakuna kudzidza muhutachiona hwepa cybersex, kusvika parizvino. Muchidzidzo ichi chekuyedza, 128 yevakomana nevarume vakapinda muchikamu vakapedza iyo Implicit Association Bvunzo (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) yakagadziridzwa nemifananidzo yekuona zvinonyadzisira. Kupfuurirazve, kunetsekana maitiro ehupombwe, kunzwisisika pakunakirwa pabonde, maitiro ekujairira cybersex, uye kuda kuzviisa pasi nekuda kwekuona mifananidzo yezvinonyadzisira zvakaongororwa.

Zvawanikwa zvinoratidza hukama hwakanaka pakati pekushamwaridzana kwakashata kwemifananidzo yeinternet ine manzwiro akanaka uye maitiro ekupinda muropa re cybersex, zvinetso zvepabonde, kunzwa kwekunakirwa kwekurara naye pamwe nekuchoboka kwekuda kuita. Uyezve, ongororo yakagadziriswazve yekuongorora yakaratidza kuti vanhu vakashuma kunyengera kwakanyanya uye vakaratidza kusangana kwakakwana kwezvibodzwa zvinonyadzisira zvine hunhu hwakanaka, vakanyanya kuita kupindwa muropa necybersex. Izvo zviwanikwa zvinoratidzira chinogona kuve chinzvimbo cheyakanaka kushamwaridzana nemifananidzo inoratidza zvinonyadzisira mukukudziridza uye kuchengetedza kupindwa muropa kwecybersex. Zvakare, mhedzisiro yechidzidzo chazvino yakafananidzwa nezvakawanikwa kubva kutsvakiridzo yekutsamira kwezvinhu uye inosimbisa analogies pakati peiyo cybersex kupindwa muropa nezvinodzvinyirira pazvinhu kana zvimwe zvinodhaka zvekupindwa muropa.

19) Zviratidzo zvehutano hwepaIndaneti zvinogona kuwirirana kune vose vari kuswedera uye kudzivisa zvinonyadzisira zvinokonzera: migumisiro kubva kune muenzaniso weanalogog wevashandi vanogara paIndexsex (Snagkowski, et al., 2015) - [chido chikuru / kusimbisa] - Chidimbu:

Dzimwe nzira dzinotarisa kufanana kune zvinhu zvakasununguka izvo zvinoshandiswa kana kuregerera mafungiro ndiyo nzira dzinokosha. Vatsvakurudzi vanoverengeka vakatsanangura kuti mune chisarudzo chakasangana nemishonga, vanhu vanogona kuratidzira mafungiro ekutaura kana kuti kudzivisa zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona. Muchidzidzo chezvino 123 varume vakaroorana vanopedza nzira yekudzivisa-Kudzivisa-Basa (AAT; Rinck uye Becker, 2007) yakashandurwa nemifananidzo yezvinonyadzisira. Pakati pevatori vechikamu cheAAT vaifanira kusundira zvinonyadzisira kana kuti kuvaswededza ivo pachavo nemufaro. Kuziva nezvekuita zvepabonde, kusava nehutano hwepabonde, uye mafambiro ekutengesa zvepabonde paIndaneti zvakaongororwa nemibvunzo.

Migumisiro yakaratidza kuti vanhu vane mafungiro ekuvhiya zvepabonde paIndaneti vanongoda kutaura kana kuti kudzivisa zvinonyadzisira zvinokurudzira. Uyezve, kuongororwa kunongororwa kunongororwa kwakaratidza kuti vanhu vane hufumi hwepamusoro hwepabonde uye nehutano hwepabonde hwakaratidza hukuru hwekuita / kudzivisa mafungiro, vakapa zviratidzo zvepamusoro pehutano hwepabonde paIndaneti. Analogous to dependent substance, migumisiro inoratidza kuti zvose nzira yekudzivirira uye kuzvidzivirira kunogona kuve nechinzvimbo muhutano hwepabonde paIndaneti. Uyezve, kushamwaridzana nekunzwisisana nekunakidzwa kwepabonde uye chinetso chekuita zvepabonde kunokonzera kuwedzera kuoma kwezvipupuriro zvekuzviisa pasi muupenyu hwezuva nezuva nekuda kwekushandisa kwepabonde paIndaneti. Zvakawanikwa zvinopa humwe uchapupu hunobatsira hwekufanana pakati pehutachiona hwehutano nehutachiwana hwezvinhu. Kufananidzwa kwakadaro kunogona kudzokera kune imwecheteyo yevheji yekutengesa kwei-e-sex-ne-drug-related cues.

20) Kuramba uchibatwa nezvinonyadzisira? Kunyanya kushandiswa kana kusaregererwa kwepabonde yepaIndaneti zviri mumamiriro ezvinhu akawanda zvinokonzerwa nezviratidzo zvehutano hwepabonde paIndaneti (Schiebener et al., 2015) - [kuda zvikuru / kukurudzira uye varombo vanotonga] - Chidimbu:

Vamwe vanhu vanoita zvepabonde paIndaneti, zvakadai semashoko ekuona zvinonyadzisira, nenzira yekurovedza, iyo inotungamirira kumigumisiro yakaipisisa muhupenyu hwega kana basa. Imwe nzira inotungamirira kumigumisiro yakaipa inogona kuderedzwa kutungamirirwa kwekutonga pamusoro pekugadzirisa uye maitiro angave akadikanwa kuti aone kugadzirisa-chinangwa chekuchinja pakati pekushandiswa kwe-cybersex uye mamwe mabasa nemitoro yehupenyu. Kuti tigadzirise nyaya iyi, takatsvaga vatori vechikwata 104 nevatungamiri vepamusoro-soro vane mitemo miviri: Rimwe rakagadzirwa nemifananidzo yevanhu, rimwe rakagadzirwa rine zvinonyadzisira. Mune mbiri inogadzirisa mifananidzo yacho inofanira kuenzaniswa maererano nezvimwe zvinotarisirwa. Chinangwa chakanaka chaiva chekushanda pamabasa ose ekugadzirisa zviyero zvakaenzana, nekushandura pakati pezvigadziro uye maitiro ekugadzirisa nenzira yakaenzana.

Takaona kuti kushanda kwakakwana kweparadigm yakawanda kwakabatanidzwa nekodzero yepamusoro yekutengesa zvepabonde paIndaneti. Vanhu vane tsika iyi vanowanzoshandiswa kana kuregererwa kushanda pane zvinonyadzisira mifananidzo. Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti kuderedzwa kwehutungamiri hwekutonga pamusoro pekuita mabasa akawanda, apo kusangana nemifananidzo yezvinonyadzisira, kunogona kuita kuti zvibatsiro zvisingabatsiri nemigumisiro yakaipa inokonzerwa neIndaneti yehutano hwepabonde. Zvisinei, vanhu vane tsika dzekutengesa zvepabonde paIndaneti vanoratidzika kuva nechinangwa chokudzivisa kana kuswedera kune zvinyorwa zvepabonde, sezvinokurukurwa mune zvinokurudzira zvinyorwa zvekutengesa.

21) Kugoverwa Gare gare Makomborero Ezvino Mafaro: Zvinonyadzisira Zvinoshandiswa uye Zvinonoka Kubhadhara (Negash et al., 2015) - [poor executive executive control: chikonzero chekuedza] - Zvinyorwa:

Chidzidzo 1: Vatori vechikamu vakapedza kuona zvinonyadzisira vanoshandisa mibvunzo uye kunonoka kudzikisira basa paTime 1 uyezvezve masvondo mana gare gare. Vatori vechikamu vanoratidzira yakakwira yekutanga porn inoshandisa yakaratidza yakakwira kunonoka kudzikisira mwero paNguva 2, kudzora kwekutanga kunonoka kudzikisira. Kudzidza 2: Vatori vechikamu avo vakarega kushandisa zvinonyadzisira vanoratidza yakaderera kunonoka kudzikisira pane vatori vechikamu avo vaidya chikafu chavanofarira.

Kuona zvinonyadzisira paIndaneti mubairo wepabonde unoita kuti kunonoka kugoverana zvakasiyana nezvimwe zvikomborero zvepanyama, kunyange kana kushandiswa hakusi kumanikidzika kana kuomesa. Iyi tsvakurudzo inoita mupiro unokosha, kuratidzira kuti zvinoitika zvinopfuura kudarika kwenguva pfupi.

Zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandiswa zvinogona kukupa kugutsikana kwepabonde nguva pfupi asi zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro inopfuurira uye inokanganisa dzimwe nzvimbo dzehupenyu hwomunhu, zvikurukuru hukama.

Izvi zvinoratidza kuti zvinonyadzisira zvepaIndaneti mubairo wepabonde unoita kuti kunonoka kubvisa zvakasiyana pane zvimwe zvipo zvepanyama. Saka zvinokosha kubata zvinonyadzisira sechimwe chinhu chinokonzera kukurudzira mubhadharo, kushushikana, uye kupindwa muropa kwehutano uye kushandisa izvi maererano nemunhu mumwechete uye nehukama hwehukama.

22) Kuita zvepabonde uye kusagadzikana Kutarisana Kuongorora Kuita zvepabonde pabonde pabonde revanhukadzi (Laier et al., 2015) - [chido chikuru / kusimbisa] - Chidimbu:

Zvichangobva kuwanikwa zvakaratidza kufambidzana pakati peCyberSex Kuwedzeredza (CA) kuomarara uye zviratidzo zvekufara zvepabonde, uye kuti kubata nevanhu vanoita zvebonde kwakasimudzira hukama pakati pehukadzi hwepabonde nezviratidzo zveCCA. Vavariro yechidzidzo ichi yaive yekuyedza kuyananisa iyi mune sampuro yevanhurume vechingochani. Mibvunzo yakabvunzwa zviratidzo zveCCA, kunzwa kwekunyepedzera kuita zvepabonde, kushandisa zvinonyadzisira kukurudzira, zvinetso zvepabonde maitiro, zviratidzo zvepfungwa, uye zvepabonde muhupenyu chaihwo uye online. Zvakare, vatori vechikamu vaiona vhidhiyo inonyadzisira uye vairatidza kusangana kwavo zvepabonde pamberi uye mushure mevhidhiyo.

Zvawanikwa zvakaratidza kuwirirana kwakasimba pakati peCCA zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvekurara pamwe kwevanhu uye zvepabonde kufara, kubata nemaitiro epabonde, uye zviratidzo zvepfungwa. CA yakanga isingabatanidzwe nehunhu hwepamhepo hwepabonde pamwe nevhiki cybersex yekushandisa nguva. Kuteerana nehunhu hwepabonde hwakamira pakati hukama pakati pekunakidzwa kwebonde uye CA. Mhedzisiro yacho inoenzaniswa neyeyavanofungidzirwa kuchirume uye murumekadzi muzvidzidzo zvakapfuura uye zvinokurukurwa pamusoro pechinyakare chekufungidzira kweCCA, iyo inoratidza basa rekusimbisa kwakanaka uye kwakaipa nekuda kwekushandiswa kwecybersex.

23) Basa reNeuroinflammation muPathophysiology yeHypersexual Disorder (Jokinen et al., 2016) - [kusagadzikana kunetseka uye kusagadzikana] - Ichi chidzidzo chakaratidza mazinga akakwirira ekupararira Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) mune zvekuita zvepabonde kana ichienzaniswa nekudzivirira utano. Nhamba dzakakwirira dzeNATF (chiratidzo chekuputika) zvakawanikwawo mune zvinodhaka zvinodhaka uye mhuka dzinodhaka-zvinodhaka (doro, heroin, meth). Paiva nehukama hwakasimba pakati peNATF mazinga uye zviyero zvekuyera hutano hwepabonde.

24) Kuita zvepabonde kuita zvepabonde: Prefrontal Uye Limbic Volume uye Kubatana (Schmidt et al., 2016) - [maseketi akasarongeka emagetsi uye kukurudzira] - Ichi chidzidzo cheFMRI. Zvichienzaniswa nehutano hwakanaka CSB zvidzidzo (vanodhakwa zvinodhaka) zvakawedzera kuruboshwe amygdala vhoriyamu uye kudzikisira kushanda kwehukama pakati peamygdala uye dorsolateral prefrontal cortex DLPFC. Yakaderedzwa mashandiro anoita pakati peamygdala uye nekamberi yekortex inoenderana nezvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Izvo zvinofungidzirwa kuti kusangana kwehurombo kunoderedza kutonga kwepamberi kwekortex pamusoro pechishuwo chemushandisi chekuita hunhu hwekupindwa muropa. Ichi chidzidzo chinoratidza kuti huturu hwezvinodhaka hunogona kutungamira kune yakaderera grey nyaya uye nekudaro inoderedza amygdala vhoriyamu mune vakapindwa muropa nezvinodhaka. Iyo amygdala inogara ichishanda panguva yekuona zvinonyadzisira, kunyanya panguva yekutanga kuratidzwa kune conde cue. Zvichida kugara uchiita zvepabonde nekutsvaga uye kutsvaga kunotungamira kune yakasarudzika mhedzisiro pane amygdala mune vanomanikidza vanoshandisa porn. Neimwe nzira, makore ehupombwe uye mhedzisiro yakaipa inoshungurudza - uye ckusagadzikana kwehupenyu kunetseka kunobatana nekuwedzera amygdala volume. Chidzidzo #16 pamusoro vakawana kuti "vanoita zvepabonde" vane kunyanya kunetseka mupfungwa. Ko kushungurudzika kusingaperi kunobatana nekudhakwa kwepabonde / zvepabonde, pamwechete nezvikonzero zvinoita zvepabonde zvakasiyana, zvinotungamirira kune amygdala yakawanda yehurukuro here? An excerpt:

Zvatiri kuwanikwa zviripo zvinosimbisa zvikamu zvakakwirira mumunharaunda inobatanidzwa mukunyengetedza kwekusimudzira uye kupora kwepasi kuwirirana kwezvinyorwa zve prefrontal kumusoro-pasi kutonga masimba amanhare. Kuvhiringidzwa kwemasimba akadaro kunogona kutsanangura maitiro ekudzivirira mafambiro ekukanganiswa kwemamiriro okunze kana kuwedzererwa kwepamusoro kune zvinokonzera kukurudzira cues. Kunyange zvazvo zvatinowana zvitsva zvichienzanisa nevaya vari muSUD, izvi zvinowanikwa zvinogona kuratidza kusawirirana sechinhu chemaurotoxic zvinokonzerwa nekugara kwenguva refu kwemishonga. Uchapupu huripo hunoratidza humwe hunoita kuti huve nehutano hwekushungurudza zvakanyanya kusimbisa kukurudzirwa mafungiro. Isu takaratidza kuti basa iri muhutano hwehutano hunosimbiswa shure kwekutsvaga kune zvakanakisisa kana kuti zvinosarudzwa zvepabonde zvinotsanangurwa [Brand et al., 2016; Seok naSohn, 2015; Voon et al., 2014] pamwe nekuwedzerwa kunakidzwa kwepamusoro [Mechelmans et al., 2014] uye unoda zvakananga kune zvepabonde asi kwete chido chepabonde chinogadzirwa [Brand et al., 2016; Voon et al., 2014].

Kuwedzerwa kutarisisa kune mitezo yakajeka yebonde kunoenderera mberi kwakabatana nekuda kwevakadzi vane mamiriro ehupombwe nekudaro kusimbisa hukama pakati pemamiriro epabonde mamiriro uye kutariswa kwekutarisira [Banca et al., 2016]. Izvi zvitsva zvekusimudzirwa kwebasa zvakabatana nehutano hwepabonde zvinopesana nezvakazoitika (kana kuti kusagadziriswa kusingaiti) umo kunatsiridza tsika, zvichida zvinopindirana nemafungiro ekushivirira, kunowedzera chisarudzo chekuita zvepabonde zvido zvepabonde [Banca et al., 2016]. Pamwe chete izvi zvitsva zvinobatsira kubvisa chinangwa cheurourobiology cheCBB chinotungamirira kune kunzwisisa kukuru kwechirwere uye kujekesa kwezvinogona kurapa maitiro.

25) Ventral Striatum Basa Kana Kuona Zvinonyanya Kufanirwa Pornographic Pictures inoratidzirwa Nezviratidzo zveInternet Pornography Addiction (Brand et al., 2016) - [guru cue reactivity / senitization] - ChiGermany fMRI kudzidza. Kutsvaga #1: Reward centre basa (ventral striatum) yakanga yakakwirira kune mapikicha anonyadzisira. Kuwana #2: Ventral striatum reactivity yakabatana ne internet inodhakwa muropa. Zvose zvinowanikwa zvinoratidza kukurudzira uye kuwirirana ne addiction model. Vanyori vanotaura kuti "Neural foundation yeIndaneti inonyadzisira yakaenzana nezvimwe zvinodhakwa." Anotsanangurwa:

Imwe nzira yezvinodhaka zveIndaneti inonyanyisa kunonyadzisira kushandisa, inonziwo sepaIndaneti neIndaneti kushaya zvinodhaka. Neuroimaging zvidzidzo zvakawana ventral striatum basa apo vatori vechikamu vakatarisa zvinonyadzisa zvepabonde kana vachienzaniswa nezvisingabatanidzi zvepabonde / zvekutengesa. Isu iye zvino tinofungidzira kuti ventral striatum inofanira kupindura kune zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandiswa zvichienzaniswa nemifananidzo isina kunaka inoshandiswa pakuona zvinonyadzisira uye kuti ventral striatum basa muchirevo ichi chinofanira kuwirirana nezviratidzo zvepamusoro zveIndaneti zvinodhaka. Isu takadzidza 19 vanhu vane hutano hwemurume pamwe chete nemufananidzo weparadigm kusanganisira zvinhu zvakasarudzwa uye zvisingafadzi zvinonyadzisira.

Mifananidzo kubva kunzvimbo yakasarudzwa yakarongerwa seimwezve inomutsa, isingashamisi, uye iri pedyo nekanaka. Ventral striatum mhinduro yakanga yakasimba kumamiriro ezvinhu aidiwa akaenzaniswa nemifananidzo isingadi. Basa reValral striatum muchitsauko ichi chakanyatsobatanidzwa nezvizvarirwo zvinoratidzwa zviratidzo zveIndaneti zvinodhaka. Kuzviisa pasi kwechiratidzo chaicho chaivawo chirevo chakakosha chekugadziriswa kwezvekudzoka kwechirongwa nechisimba chekuita shanduko sehutano hwakasiyana-siyana uye zviratidzo zvepamusoro zveIndaneti zvinodhaka zvekuita zvepabonde, kukanganisa kwepabonde, hutano hwehupombwe, kuora mwoyo, kunzwisisana nevamwe, nekuita zvepabonde mumazuva ekupedzisira sekufananidzira . Zvigumisiro zvinotsigira chikamu chekuti ventral striatum mukugadzirisa mubairo tarisiro nekugutsikana kunobatanidzwa kune zvakasarudzwa zvinonyadzisira zvenhau. Nzira dzekupa mubairo tarisiro mune zvechirongwa zvinogona kuita kuti pave netsanangudzo yeveural yekuti sei vanhu vane zvido zvepabonde uye zvepabonde vari pangozi yekurasikirwa nekutarisa zvinonyadzisira zveIndaneti.

26) Yakagadziriswa Chigadziro Chekugadzirisa uye Neural Kubatana Muzvikamu Zvine Kuita Zvepabonde Zvokuita Zvepabonde (Klucken et al., 2016) - [guru cue reactivity / senitization uye zvisina kukodzera mapurisa anotenderera] - Uyu chiGerman chiitiko cheFMRI chakadzokorora zvitsva zviviri zvakawanikwa kubva Voon et al., 2014 uye Kuhn & Gallinat 2014. Main Kutsvaga: Iyo neural macolorates echinogadzirisa mamiriro uye neural yekubatanidza akachinjwa muboka reCSB. Sekureva kwevaongorori, yekutanga shanduko - yakakwidziridzwa amygdala activation - inogona kuratidza mamiriro akareruka (makuru "wiring" kune aimbove asina kwazvakarerekera zvirevo achifanotaura mifananidzo yezvinonyadzisira). Shanduko yechipiri - yakadzikira kubatana pakati peiyo ventral striatum uye nekamberi yekortex - inogona kuve mucherechedzo wekukanganisa kugona kudzora zvishuwo.

Vakadaro vaongorori, "Izvi [shanduko] zvinoenderana nedzimwe ongororo dzinoongorora maoneral correlates ezvekupindwa muropa nezvinodzvinyirira." Izvo zvakawanikwa zveakakura amygdalar activation kune cues (kukurudzira) uye yakaderedza kushamwaridzana pakati pepakati yemubairo uye prefrontal cortex (unyengeri) ndezvipi zviviri zvehukuru hunochinja hunoonekwa mukunyanyisa kwezvinodhaka. Mukuwedzera, 3 ye20 inonyanya kushandiswa nevashandisi vehuponi yakabatwa ne "orgasmic-erection disorder." Anonyanya kuitika:

Pakati pese, iyo yakacherechedza kuwedzera kwemaitiro emamygdala uye kuperevedzana kwakaderera kwechirwere ichi chirwere-PFC ichibatanidza zvinongororwa pamusoro pekurapa uye kurapa kweCSB. Zvidzidzo neCSB zvaiita sezvikwanisika kugadzirisa masangano pakati pekusava neutongerwo enyika uye zvido zvepabonde zvinokonzerwa nepabonde. Nokudaro, nyaya idzi dzinowanzosangana nemashoko anoita kuti tive nemafungiro edu. Kunyangwe izvi zvinotungamirira kuCSB kana kuti chibereko cheSBB inofanira kupindurwa nekutsvakurudza mune ramangwana. Mukuwedzera, kusaremara kwemitemo, izvo zvinoratidzwa mukuderera kwechirwere chinotarisana-prefrontal kuwirirana, chinogona kusimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwekuita zvinetso.

27) Kumanikidzwa Kwazvo Kwose Kushandiswa Kwemapatholoki Mishonga Nezvinodhaka Zvisingaiti Mishonga (Banca et al., 2016) - [chikuru cue reactivity / senitization, yakagadziriswa mhinduro] - Iyi Cambridge University fMRI yekuenzanisa zvimwe zvekumanikidzika kune vanodhakwa, vanodya doro, vhidhiyo mitambo yevasikana uye vanoita zvepabonde (CSB). Excerpts:

Kusiyana nezvimwe zvinetso, CSB yakaenzaniswa neHV yakaratidza kutsvaga kutsvaga kupa zvikomborero pamwe chete nekutsungirira kukuru mumamiriro ekubhadhara pasinei nemigumisiro. Zvidzidzo zveCSB hazvina kuratidza kuora mwoyo kwakananga mukugadziriswa kana kuchinja kudzidzira. Izvi zvitsva zvinopindirana neongororo yedu yapfuura yekusimudzirwa zvakasarudzwa nokuda kwechikonzero chinogadziriswa kune zvepabonde kana mitsva yemari, zvese zvinoratidza kukurudzirwa kunzwisisika kwekupa mubayiro (Banca et al., 2016). Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvichishandisa mibairo yakawanda inoratidzwa.

28) Kuzvipira Kuda Kuona Zvinonyadzisira uye Kudzidzira Kuyanana Kufanotaura Tendencies Kuenda kuneIndaneti Zvepabonde Nezvinodhaka Muenzaniso Wenguva Dzepabonde Nevashandisi Vevashandi (Snagkowski et al., 2016) - [guru guru reactivity / senitization, zvakagadziridzwa zvakagadziriswa mhinduro] - Uku kuongorora kwakasiyana-siyana kwakagadzirisa nyaya kune maitiro asina kumborerekera, ayo akafanotaura kuonekwa kwechifananidzo chinonyadzisira. Excerpts:

Hapana kubvumirana pamusoro pemiganho yekuongororwa yehutachiona hwepabonde paIndaneti. Vamwe vanosvika pakuisa kufanana kune zvido zvezvinhu, izvo kusanganisa kushamwaridzana inzira inokosha. Muchidzidzo ichi, 86 varume vakaroorana vanopedzisa Standard Pavlovian kuenda kune Instrumental Transfer Task yakashandurwa nemifananidzo yezvinonyadzisira kuti iongorore dzidziso yekubatana muIndaneti yehutano hwepabonde. Uyezve, kuzviisa pasi nekuda kwekuona zvinonyadzisira mifananidzo uye maitiro ekutengesa zvepabonde paIndaneti zvakaongororwa. Migumisiro yakaratidza kuguma kwechido chekuzviisa pasi kune tsika dzekutengesa zvepabonde paIndaneti, kuongororwa nekudzidzira kushamwaridzana.

Pakazere, izvi zvakawanikwa zvinonongedzera kune rakakosha basa rekudyidzana kudzidzira kusimudzira kweiyo cybersex kupindwa muropa, uku zvichizopa humwe humbowo humbowo hwehumwe fanano pakati pesimba nezvinodzvinyirira uye cybersex kupindwa muropa. Muchidimbu, mhedzisiro yechidzidzo chazvino inoratidza kuti kudzidza kwakabatana kunogona kutora chinzvimbo chakakosha maererano nekuvandudzwa kwekupindwa muropa necybersex. Zvatinowana zvinopa humwe humwe humbowo kufanana pakati peiyo cybersex kupindwa muropa nezvinodzvinyirira kubva pakukonzeresa kwekukara kwekuda uye kudzidza kwakabatanidzwa kwakaratidzwa.

29) Maitiro anoshandurwa pashure pokuona zvinonyadzisira paIndaneti zvakabatana nezviratidzo zveIndaneti-zvinonyadzisira-kuona dambudziko (Laier & Brand, 2016) - [kuda zvikuru / kukurudzira, kusada kufarira] - Excerpts:

Mhedzisiro mikuru yekudzidza ndeyekuti maitiro ekuenda kuInternet Zvinonyadzisira Dambudziko (IPD) aibatanidzwa zvisina kunaka nekunzwa kazhinji zvakanaka, kumuka, uye kudzikama pamwe nezvakanaka nekushushikana kunoonekwa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye kurudziro yekushandisa zvinonyadzisira zveInternet maererano nekutsvaga kwekutsvaga uye kudzivisa mupfungwa. Uyezve, zvimiro zveIPD zvaive zvisina hukama nemamiriro ezvinhu usati uye mushure mekuona zvinonyadzisira zveInternet pamwe nekuwedzera chaiko kwemamiriro akanaka uye akadzikama.

Hukama pakati pechimiro che IPD uye mufaro unotsvaga nekuda kweInternet-zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandiswa zvakaongororwa nekuongororwa kweiyo ruzivo rwegasm kugutsikana. Kazhinji, mhedzisiro yechidzidzo ichi inoenderana nepfungwa yekuti IPD yakabatana nechikurudziro chekuwana kugutsikana kwepabonde uye kudzivirira kana kubata nemanzwiro anodzvinyirira pamwe nekufungidzira kuti mafungiro anoshanduka achitevedza zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandiswa zvakabatana neIPD (Cooper et al., 1999 uye Laier uye Brand, 2014).

30) Matambudziko epabonde kune vechidiki vechidiki: Masangano munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzechipatara, dzehutsika, uye dzehutano (2016) - [mashoma anotungamirira masimba] - Vanhu vane Zvinetso Zvokuita Zvepabonde (PSB) vakaratidza kuwandisa kwezviitiko zvekushaya pfungwa. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinoratidza varombo executive functioning (kunyengedzera) iyo a uropi hunokosha hunowanikwa mumidhakwa yezvinodhaka. Zvishoma zvinyorwa:

Chimwe chinozivikanwa chinoguma nekutsvakurudza uku ndechokuti PSB inoratidzira kushamwaridzana kwakakura nemhando dzakawanda dzechipatara zvinokonzera, kusanganisira kuzvidzora kwepamusoro, kuderera kwehupenyu hwehupenyu, kukwirira kweBMI, uye kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwematambudziko akawanda ...

... zvinokwanisikawo kuti makiriniki anowanikwa muboka re PSB ndiye chaizvoizvo mugumisiro wezvidzidzo zvepamusoro-soro izvo zvinoita kuti mapoka maviri ePSB uye mamwe emakiriniki avepo. Chimwe chinhu chinokonzera kuzadza basa iri chingava kukanganisa kwepfungwa kunowanikwa muboka re PSB, kunyanya iyo ine chokuita nekushanda kwepfungwa, kusagadzikana / kutora pfungwa, nekuita zvisarudzo. Kubva pakuratidzika uku, zvinokwanisika kutsvaga matambudziko anowanikwa muPPSB uye mamwe maitiro emakiriniki, zvakadai sekunetseka kwepfungwa, kune zvimwe zvinokanganisa pfungwa ...

Kana matambudziko ekufungisisa akawanikwa mukurongwa uku ndeyekukosha kwePPB, izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakosha mumakiriniki.

31) Methylation yeHPA Axis Matambudziko Akafanana Marume Ne Hypersexual Disorder (Jokinen et al., 2017) - [dysfunctional stress response, epigenetic kuchinja] - Iyi inotevera #16 pamusoro iyo yakawana kuti kuvhiringidza zvepabonde kune dysfunctional stress stress - chinhu chikuru chinonzi neuro-endocrine chinokonzerwa nekudhakwa. Izvo zvidzidzo zvemazuva ano zvakawana epigenetic shanduko pamakemikirini emakemikari kumunhu kushungurudzika kwepfungwa uye zvakanyatsobatanidzwa nekudhakwa. Ne epigenetic change, iyo DNA inoenderana haina kuchinjwa (sezvinoitika nekuchinja). Panzvimbo pacho, jeni rakatevedzwa uye kutaura kwacho kwakashandurwa kana pasi (vhidhiyo pfupi inotsanangura epigenetics). Epigenetic shanduko dzakataurwa munyaya ino dzakaguma pakashandura CRF gene basa. CRF inonzi neurotransmitter uye hormone iyo inoita kuti munhu aite zvinodhaka zvakadai sekuchiva, uye a main player mune zvakawanda zvekubuda kwezviratidzo zvinowanikwa maererano pfuma uye maitiro emitemo, kusanganisira porn addiction.

32) Kuongorora hukama pakati pekuita zvepabonde nekunyadzisa kwemashoko kune zvepabonde-Mashoko akafanana muboka revanhu vanoita zvepabonde (Albery et al., 2017) - [guru cue reactivity / senitization, desensitization] - Ichi chidzidzo chinotsanangura zvakawanikwa zve iyi 2014 Cambridge University kudzidza, iyo yaienzanisa kukoshesa kwevanopindwa muropa nezvinonyadzisira. Hezvino izvo zvitsva: Chidzidzo chakabatanidza iyo "makore ekuita bonde" ne1) iyo yekudhakwa kwepabonde zvikoro uye zvakare 2) mhedzisiro yebasa rekucherechedza.

Pakati peavo vanopokana nekupindwa muropa kwepamusoro, makore mashoma ezviitiko zvepabonde aive ane chekuita nekutarisira kukuru (tsananguro yekucherechedza). Saizvozvowo kumanikidzika kwepabonde kwepabonde kunowedzera + makore mashomanana ekuziva zvepabonde = zviratidzo zvakakura zvekudhakwa (kunyanya kukanganisa, kana kupindira). Asi kunyanya kutarisa kunopera zvakanyanya muvashandi vanomanikidzira, uye kunonyangarika pamakore akawanda kwazvo ehutano hwepabonde. Vanyori vakapedzisa kuti mugumisiro uyu unogona kuratidza kuti mamwe makore e "kumanikidzira kuita zvepabonde" anoita kuti munhu ave netsika dzakawanda kana kuti kushaya huwandu hwekufarira kufarira (kushushikana). Chimwe chirevo kubva pakupedzisira:

Imwe tsananguro ingangodaro yeizvi mhedzisiro ndeyekuti semunhu anomanikidzwa kuita bonde nenzira yekumanikidza, imwe tsika inoshamwaridzana template inosimudzira [36-38] uye nekufamba kwenguva, hunhu hwakawandisa hunodikanwa kuti hwakaenzana hweanousal huonekwe. Zvinopomedzerwa zvakare kuti, somunhu anopinda mukumanikidza, maanoropathways anova akafanirwa nekuita 'kurongeka' kwepfungwa kana mifananidzo uye vanhu vanotendeukira kune 'yakanyanya' kukurudzira kuti vazive chishuvo chaunoda. Izvi zvinoenderana nebasa rinoratidza kuti 'vane hutano' vanhurume vanozogara vachikurudzirwa nekufamba kwenguva uye kuti nzvimbo iyi inoratidzwa nekuderera kwemufaro uye yekuita mhinduro [39].

Izvi zvinoratidza kuti vazhinji vanomanikidzwa, vanoita zvepabonde vave 'vakagwinha' kana kusakendenga kune 'yakajairwa' mazwi ane hukama hwepabonde anoshandiswa muchidzidzo chiripo uye sekudaro kuratidza kwakadzikira kwekutarisisa, nepo avo vane kuwedzera kushushikana uye kusaziva zvishoma vachiri kuratidza kukanganisika. nekuti kukurudzira kunoratidzira kwakanyanya kunzwisiswa kuziva.

33) Kushanda Kushanda Kwepabonde Nekusaita Zvepabonde Varume Vasati Vapedza uye Pashure Pokuona Vhidhiyo Inoiti (Messina et al., 2017) - [poor executive executive functioning, great desire / sensitization] - Kuisa pachena kune zvinonyadzisira kwakagadzirisa hutungamiri hunoita hune varume vane "maitiro ekuita zvepabonde," asi kwete kutarisira utano hwakanaka. Mutungamiri anotambudzika anoshanda paanenge akabatwa nehutano hwehutano hwepabonde chiratidzo chezvinhu zvinodhaka (zvinoratidza zvose yakashandurwa kunzvimbo dzepamusoro uye kukurudzira). Excerpts:

Izvi zvinoratidzira zviri nani kugadzirisa mafungiro mushure mekuita zvepabonde nekudzora nekuenzaniswa nevatori vechibharo. Iyi data inotsigira pfungwa yokuti varume vanoita zvepabonde havafaniri kushandisa maitiro ekugona kudzidza kubva pane zvakaitika, izvo zvingaguma nekuvandudza maitiro ekuchinja. Izvi zvinogona kunzwisiswa sekushayikwa kwechidzidzo chechikwata chekuita zvepabonde pavakasimudzirwa zvepabonde, zvakafanana nezvinoitika mukurara kwekuita zvepabonde, izvo zvinotanga nekuwedzera kwekuita zvepabonde, kunoteverwa nekushandiswa kwebonde script and thengasgasm, kazhinji kacho kunosanganisira kutarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu ane ngozi.

34) Zvinonyadzisira Zvinokanganisa Here? Chidzidzo cheMMRI Chevanhu Vanotsvaka Kurapa Kwezvinetso Zvinonyadzisira Shandisa (Gola et al., 2017) - [guru cue reactivity / senitization, yakagadziriswa mhinduro]] - Chidzidzo cheFMRI chinosanganisira cue-reactivity paradigm yaimbove yakasamborerekera maitiro akafanotaura kuonekwa kwezvinonyadzisira zvidhori. Excerpts:

Varume vane uye vasina chinetso chekushandisa zvinonyadzisira (PPU) vakasiyana muhutano hwehuropi kuti vatarise kufananidzira mifananidzo, asi kwete mukusangana nemifananidzo yakashata ivo, maererano zvinokurudzira pfungwa yekunyengedzera. Uropi hwekushanda hwakanga hwakafambidzana nehuwandu hwehupenyu hunokurudzira kuona mifananidzo isina kunaka (yakakwirira 'ichida'). Ventral striatal reactivity nokuda kwekufungidzira kufanana kwezvifananidzo zvakashata zvakabatana chaizvo nekuoma kwePPU, chiyero chekuona zvinonyadzisira chinoshandiswa pavhiki uye nhamba yehosi yepabonde. Zvatinowana zvinoratidza kuti sezvinhu zvakashandiswa-kushandisa uye kubhejera zvinoratidzirwa neural and behavioral mechanisms zvakabatana nekufungidzira kushandiswa kwezvinyorwa zvinoratidzika zvakakosha kune zvipatara zvakakosha zvePPU. Izvi zvinongoratidzira kuti PPU inogona kureva kurara kwehutsika uye kuti zviyamura zvinobatsira mukutsvaga maitiro uye zvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa nekufunga nezvekugadziriswa uye kushandiswa mukubatsira varume vane PPU.

35) Kuziva uye Kusingazivi Nzira dzekushungurudzika: Vanoshushikana neHaiidzo yeIndaneti Inoshandisa here? (Kunaharan et al., 2017) - [habituation or deensitization] - Kudzidza kwakaongororwa mhinduro dzevashandisi vezvinonyadzisira (kuverenga kweEEG & Mhinduro yeKutangisa) kumifananidzo dzakasiyana-siyana dzinokonzeresa - kusanganisira erotica. Chidzidzo chacho chakawana misiyano yakati wandei yeurouro pakati pevashoma vevashandisi ve porn uye vashandisi vevazhinji vanoita porn Zvinyorwa:

Zvinowanikwa zvinoratidza kuti kuwedzera kwekuona zvinonyadzisira kunoratidzika kuva nechinokonzera kupfungwa dzisiri dzekufunga kwekunzwa-kunokonzera kukanganisa kwakanga kusiri kuratidzirwa nehutu-ruzivo rwehutu.

4.1. Tsanangudzo Ratings: Zvinonakidza, iyo yakakurumbira yekushandisa zvinonyadzisa boka yakaratidza mifananidzo yakashata sezvisingafadzi kupfuura boka rinoshandiswa mukati. Vanyori vanoratidza kuti izvi zvingave zvichibva pamusana pe "mhando dzakadzika" yemifananidzo ye "erotic" iri mu database yeIAPS isina kupa huwandu hwekusimudzira iyo inowanzoda kutsvaga, sezvakaratidzwa naHarper naHodgins [58] nekuona kazhinji nezvezvinhu zvinonyadzisira, vanhu vazhinji vanowanzotarisana nekutarisa zvakanyanya zvakadzama kuchengetedza iwo mamiriro akafanana emuviri arousal.

Iyo "inonakidza" yemhando yemhando yakawona valence ratings nemapoka ese matatu kuti akafanana uye nekushandiswa kwepamusoro group kukara mifananidzo kunge zvishoma zvisina kunaka paavhareji pane mamwe mapoka. Izvi zvinogona kuve zvakare nekuda kwemifananidzo "inofadza" inoratidzwa isiri kukurudzira yakaringana kune vanhu vari muboka rakashandiswa rakakwirira. Zvidzidzo zvakaramba zvichiratidzira kudzika kwemuviri mukugadzirisa kweyemukati yekudya nekuda kwemagariro ekugara mune vanhu vanogara vachitsvaga zvinonyadzisira.3, 7, 8]. Ndiko kukakavadzana kwevanyori kuti izvi zvinogona kuenzanisa zvigumisiro zvakaonekwa.

4.3. Startle Reflex Modulation (SRM): Hama yakakura yepamusoro yakasvibiswa yakaratidzwa mumashure ekusvibisa uye pasi mapoka maitiro anogona kutsanangurwa nevaya vari muchikwata vachidzivisa kushandiswa kwekuona zvinonyadzisira, sezvo vangazviwana kunge zvisinganakidze. Zvimwewo, mitsva inowanikwa inogonawo kunge inokonzerwa nekugara, iyo vanhu vari mumapoka aya vanoona zvakanyanya zvinonyadzisira kupfuura zvavakataura zvakananga-zvichida nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekunyadzisa pakati pevamwe, sezvo tsika dzekugara dzakaratidzwa kuti dziwedzere kushamisika ziso rinopenya mhinduro [41, 42].

36) Kunyanya Kuita Zvepabonde Zvinotadzisa Kuwedzera Kukurukura Kutungamira Kuwedzera Kubatanidzwa Mukusvibiswa kweCyber ​​pakati pevanhu (Cheng & Chiou, 2017) - [poor executive executive functioning, great impulsivity - causation experiment] - Muzvidzidzo zviviri zvinotarisana nezvinoonekwa zvepabonde zvinotarisa zvakaguma: 1) zvakanyanya kunonoka kutengesa (kusakwanisa kunonoka kugutsikana), 2) kunyanya kuda kuita muhupombwe, 3) mukuru chido chokutenga zvinhu zvenhema uye kunyorera nhoroondo yeumwe munhu. Kutorwa pamwe izvi zvinoratidza kuti kushandiswa kwepabonde kunowedzera kusada uye kunogona kuderedza mamwe mabasa ekutonga (kuzvidzora, kutonga, kutarisa mberi, migumisiro yekudzivirira). Excerpt:

Vanhu vanowanzotarisana nezvido zvepabonde panguva yekushandisa Indaneti. Kutsvakurudza kwakaratidza kuti kukurudzira kuita zvepabonde zvinokurudzira kunogona kutungamirira mukusava nehanya kwevanhu, sezvinoratidzwa mukuderedzwa kwemazuva mashoma (kureva, tsika yekuda zviduku, zvishoma zvinobudirira kune hukuru, mune ramangwana).

Pakupedzisira, mhinduro dzazvino dzinoratidza kushamwaridzana pakati pekuita zvepabonde (semuenzaniso, kutarisana nemifananidzo yevakadzi vanoita sevasikana kana zvipfeko zvekuita zvepabonde) nekubatanidzwa kwevarume muhutachiona hwehupombwe. Zvatinowana zvinoratidza kuti kusada kwevarume nekuzvidzora kwevanhu, sekuratidzwa nekusunungurwa kwemashure, kunogona kukanganisa mukutarisana nehuwandu hwekusangana pabonde. Varume vanogona kubatsirwa nekucherechedza kana kusvibiswa kuita zvepabonde kunobatanidza nevakasarudza kusarura uye maitiro avo. Zvatinowana zvinoratidza kuti kusangana nezvido zvepabonde kunogona kukonzera varume mumugwagwa wekunyangarika kweyeri

Mitsva yezvino inoratidza kuti kuwanikwa kwakanyanya kwekuita zvepabonde pabindu kunogona kunge kwakanyatsobatana nehutano hwevanhu hwekunyengera kwepabonde kupfuura hwakambofungidzirwa kare.

37) Zvinyorwa zvekare (Zvinotambudza) Kushandisa Indaneti Zvepabonde Zviratidzo Zvinobudiswa: Basa Rokubata Muchivimbiso Chepabonde uye Nzira Yakakwana Tendencies Kune Zvepabonde Zviratidzo Zvinotsanangura (Stark et al., 2017) - [guru cue reactivity / sensitization / cravings] - Excerpts:

Chidzidzo chezvino chinotsvaga kana chiito chekuita zvepabonde uye chimiro chakazara chekuita zvepabonde ndiko kunofanirwa kwezvinetso SEM kushandiswa uye yezuva rega rega rinopedza kutarisa SEM. Mune chiito chekuzvibata, takashandisa nzira yekudzivisa-kubvisa (AAT) yekuyera nzira yakakwana yekuita zvepabonde. Kuwirirana kwakanaka pakati pekutenderera kwakakwana kune SEM uye zuva rega rega rinoshandiswa pakuona SEM rinogona kutsanangurwa nemagumisiro ekucherechedza: Nzira yepamusoro yekutenderera inogona kududzirwa sechisarudzo chekucherechedza kune SEM. Chinyorwa chinonyanya kukosha chinogona kunge chichikwezva kune zvepabonde paIndaneti zvichiita kuti nguva yakareba inopedzwa paSEM.

38) Zvinonyadzisira Zvinokonzerwa Nokutsvaga Kuongorora kunobva paNeurophysiological Computational Approach (Kamaruddin et al., 2018) - Excerpt:

Mune pepa iyi, nzira yekushandisa zviratidzo zveuropi kubva kunzvimbo yakatarwa yakashandiswa uchishandisa EEG inorongerwa kuona kana uyo anenge ari mubatiro angave ane utachiona hwepabonde kana zvimwe. Inoshanda senzira inobatanidza yemibvunzo yakafanana yepfungwa dzemibvunzo. Mhinduro dzinongoratidzira dzinoratidza kuti avo vakapindwa muropa nevarwere vaiva neAlf wave maitiro anoshandiswa muhutano hwepamberi hunoenzaniswa nevasati vari muropa. Inogona kuonekwa ichishandisa simba rakataridzirwa richishandisa Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA). Theta band inoratidzawo kuti kune kusiyana kwevamwe vanodhakwa uye kwete vodhakwa. Zvisinei, musiyano hausi pachena sezvinoitwa alpha band.

39) Grey nenyaya yekukundikana uye kuchinjwa kwekuzorora-hurumende kuwirirana muhukuru hwemakore gyrus pakati pevanhu vane chinetso chehutano hwehupombwe (Seok & Sohn, 2018) - [grey nyaya inoshomeka mune yenguva yekortex, hurombo huripo hwekubatana pakati pesimba kortex uye precuneus & caudate] - Chidzidzo cheFMRI ichifananidza zvakanyatso kuongororwa vakapindwa muropa pabonde ("kunetsa maitiro ehupombwe") kuzvidzidzo zvine hutano. Kuenzaniswa nekutonga vanoita zvepabonde vakapindwa muropa vaiva: 1) yakaderedza grey zvinhu mune yemukati lobes (matunhu ane hukama nekudzivirira zvishuwo zvebonde); 2) yakaderedza precuneus kune yenguva yekortex inoshanda yekubatana (inogona kuratidza kusanzwisisika mukukwanisa kuchinjisa kutarisisa); 3) yakaderedzwa caudate kune yenguva yekortex inoshanda yekubatana (inogona kutadzisa kumusoro-pasi kudzora zvishuwo). Zvinyorwa:

Izvi zvitsva zvinoratidza kuti kukanganisa kwemaitiro mune gyrus yenguva uye kushandiswa kwekushanda kwemaitiro pakati pegyrus yenguva uye nzvimbo dzakasiyana (kureva, iyo yakagadziriswa uye yakagadziriswa) inogona kuita kuti pave nekuvhiringidzika muhutano hwekuita zvepabonde kune vanhu vane PHB. Nokudaro, zvigumisiro izvi zvinoratidza kuti kuchinja kwekugadzirisa uye kushanda kwehutano mune gyrus temporal kunogona kuva zviitiko zvePFB uye zvinogona kuva vatsva vekutsvaga kwehutano hweFBB.

Grey inobatsira kuwedzera mukodzero yakakosha ye cerebellar uye kuwedzera kwekubatanidza kwemajeri ekupedzisira echezasi ne STG yakasara yakatarwawo .... Nokudaro, zvinoita kuti iyo yakawedzera gorozi iyo inowirirana uye inoshanda yehutano mu cerebellum inobatanidza nekumanikidzira maitiro kune vanhu vane PHB.

Mukupfupisa, ikozvino VBM uye kushanda kwekugadzirisa kwekudzidzira kwakaratidza gorosi kukanganiswa kwezvinhu uye kushandiswa kwekushanda kwehutano munguva yegyrus yevanhu pakati pevanhu vane PHB. Chinonyanya kukosha, chimiro chakakonzerwa nekugadzikana kwebasa chakanga chisina kuwirirana nechisimba che PHB. Izvi zvitsva zvinopa ruzivo rutsva muzvikonzero zvepineural zveFBB.

40) Tendencies kuIndaneti-zvinonyadzisira-kushandisa kusagadzikana: Kusiyana kwevarume nevakadzi pamusoro pekucherechedza kunonyadzisira kune zvinonyadzisira zvinokurudzira (Pekal et al., 2018) - [yakakura cue reactivity / kukurudzira, zvishuwo zvakasimbiswa]. Zvinyorwa:

 Vanyori vanoverengeka vanofunga nezveInternet-zvinonyadzisira-kushandisa kusagadzikana (IPD) sekupindwa muropa nedambudziko. Imwe yemaitiro akave akadzidzwa zvakadzama mune zvinodhaka- uye zvisiri-zvinodhaka-kushandisa kusagadzikana ndeye inosimudzira yekufungidzira kweanotarira kune zvinodhaka-zvine chekuita cues. Kucherekedza kwekusarudzika kunotsanangurwa senzira yekuziva kwemaonero emumwe munhu anokanganiswa neanopindwa muropa necustoms anokonzerwa neyakagadziriswa sosience yeiyo cue pachayo. Iyo inofungidzirwa mune yeI-PACE modhi iyo mune vanhu vanokombamira kukudziridza IPD zviratidzo zvakasarudzika cognitions pamwe ne cue-reactivity uye kushuvira kunomuka nekuwedzera mukati meiyo inodhaka maitiro. Kuti tiongorore basa rekucherechedza mukusimudzira kweIPD, isu takaongorora muyenzaniso wevane 174 vechirume nevakadzi vatori vechikamu. Kucherekedza kwakatarwa kwakayerwa neiyo Visual Probe Task, umo vatori vechikamu vaifanira kuita pamiseve yaioneka mushure mezvinonyadzisira kana zvematongerwo enyika.

Uye zvakare, vatori vechikamu vaifanira kuratidza kumutswa kwavo kwepabonde kunoitwa nemifananidzo yehupombwe. Zvakare, maitiro ekuenda kuIPD akayerwa achishandisa pfupi-Internetsex Kuwedzerwa Bvunzo. Mhedzisiro yeongororo iyi yakaratidza hukama pakati pekutarisa zvakaipa uye chiratidzo kuomarara kweIPD zvishoma pakati pezviratidzo zvecue-reacaction uye kuchiva. Nepo varume nevakadzi vachiwanzosiyana mumhedzisiro nguva nekuda kwemifananidzo inoona zvinonyadzisira, kuongororwa kwekuongorororwa kwakaratidza kuti kutarisisa kunowanikwa kwakazvimiririra kwepabonde mumamiriro ezviratidzo zveIPD. Mhedzisiro yacho inotsigira kufungidzira kweI-PACE modhi maererano nekukurudzira kusarudzika kwezvekupindwa muropa uye inowirirana nezvidzidzo zvinogadzirisa cue-reactivity uye kuchiva mukunetseka-kushandisa zvinodhaka.

41) Yakachinjwa yePrendaral uye Inoratidzirwa Parietal Activity Pakati pebasa reStroop muVanhu Vane Zvinetso Zvinokanganisa Hypersexual Behavior (Seok & Sohn, 2018) - [murombo manejimendi kutonga- kukanganisika mashandiro ePFC]. Zvinyorwa:

Uchapupu hunowedzera hunoratidza hukama pakati pezvinetso hypersexual maitiro (PHB) nekudzora kwekutonga. Zvidzidzo zvekiriniki zvakaratidza kuti vanhu vane PHB vanoratidza kukwirira; zvisinei, zvishoma zvishoma zvinozivikanwa maererano neural masystems ari kukonzeresa hutongi hwekudzora muPB. Ichi chiono chakaongorora neural inogadziriswa yehutongi hwehutongi mune vanhu vane PHB uye hutano kudzora vachishandisa chiitiko-chine chekuita functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Vanhu makumi maviri nevatatu vane PHB uye makumi maviri nevaviri vatori vechikamu vakabata fMRI vachiita basa reStroop. Nguva yekupindura uye zvikanganiso zviyero zvakaiyerwa seyava surrogate zviratidzo zvekutonga kwemutungamiriri. Vanhu vane PHB vakaratidza kukanganisa basa rekuita uye kuderedzwa activation kurudyi dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) uye yakaderera parietal cortex hukama kune hutano kudzora panguva yeStroop basa. Uye zvakare, mhinduro yeropa reokisijeni-inotsamira mhinduro munzvimbo idzi dzakange dzakasangana nePB kuomarara. Iyo yakakodzera DLPFC uye yakaderera parietal cortex inosanganiswa neyekumusoro-kurongeka kubata kwekuziva uye kutarisisa kwekutarisa, zvichiteerana. Zvatinowana zvinoratidza kuti vanhu vane PHB vakadzora masimba ekutonga uye kushomeka kwebasa mune chaiyo DLPFC uye yakaderera parietal cortex, ichipa neural nheyo yePHB.

42) Tsika uye kusada kwehurumende kune varume vane tsika yekuona Indaneti-zvinonyadzisira-kushandisa dambudziko (Antons & Brand, 2018) - [yakawedzera zvishuwo, hukuru mamiriro & hunhu kusagadzikana]. Zvinyorwa:

Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti kusava nemafungiro kwakasanganiswa nechiratidzo chakakwirira cheInternet-zvinonyadzisira-kushandisa chirwere (IPD). Kunyanya avo varume vane tsika dzakakwirira uye kusagadzikana kwehurumende mumamiriro ekuona zvinonyadzisira kwemaitiro-stop signal pamwe chete nevaya vane mafungiro ekuda zvikuru vakaratidza zviratidzo zvakanyanya zvePD.

Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti zvose zviito uye kusagadzikana kwehurumende kunotora basa rinokosha mukugadzirwa kwePD. Maererano nemaviri-maitiro emhando kujairira, migumisiro inogona kunge ichiratidza kusaenzana pakati pekusava nemafungiro nekuratidzira zvirongwa zvinogona kukonzerwa nemashoko ekuona zvinonyadzisira. Izvi zvingaguma nekurasikirwa kwekutengesa paInternet-zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandisa kunyange dzichiva nemigumisiro yakaipa.

43) Zvikamu zvekusafunga uye zvimwe zvinoenderana zvinoparadzanisa pakati pekuvaraidza uye kushandiswa zvisina kukodzera kweIndaneti zvinonyadzisira (Stephanie et al., 2019) - [chido chakasimudzirwa, kukurumidza kunonoka kubhadhara (kusazvibata), tsika]. Excerpts:

Nemhaka yaro inonyanya kubhadhara, zvinonyadzisira zvepaIndaneti (IP) ndezvakagara zvarongerwa kuita zvinodhaka. Kuvakwa kwehupenzi-kwakagadziriswa kwakaratidzwa sevanokurudzira kuita zvinodhaka. Muchidzidzo chino, takaongorora mafungiro asina kufanira (kutadza kusagadzikana, kunonoka kuregererwa, uye kugadzirisa maitiro), kuda ku IP, mafungiro ane chokuita neP, uye kugadzirisa mafashoni kune vanhu vane recreational-dzimwe nguva, zvekuvaraidza-nguva dzose, uye kushandiswa kwePI zvisina kukodzera. Mapoka evanhu vane kushandiswa-nguva nenguva (n = 333), kuzvivaraidza - kushandisa kazhinji (n = 394), uye kushandiswa zvisina kukodzera (n = 225) yeIP yakaonekwa nekuongorora zviridzwa.

Vanhu vane kushandiswa kusingatenderwi vakaratidza zvikwiriso zvakakwirira zvekuchiva, kutarisisa kusagadzikana, kunonoka kudzikisira, uye kusagadzikana kubata, uye zvakaderera zvibodzwa zvekushanda zvine mutsindo uye kuda kwekuziva. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti zvimwe zvikamu zvekushushikana uye zvimwe zvinhu zvine hukama senge kushuvira uye nehunhu hwakashata hwakanangana nevashandisi veIP vasina kukodzera. Mhedzisiro yacho inoenderanawo nemamodeli pane akasarudzika ekushandisa kweInternet uye maitiro ekurwisa….

Zvakare, vanhu vasina kunyoreswa vanoshandisa IP vaive nemafungiro akashata pamusoro peIP zvichienzaniswa nevanozorodza-vanogara vachishandisa. Mhedzisiro iyi inogona kupa pfungwa yekuti vanhu vasina kunyoreswa vanoshandisa IP vane kukurudzira kwakanyanya kana kukurudzira kushandisa IP, kunyangwe ivo vangave vakave nemafungiro asina kunaka ekushandiswa kweIP, zvimwe nekuda kwekuti vakatoona zvakashata zvinokonzerwa neIP yavo yekushandisa nzira. Izvi zvinopindirana nepfungwa yekukurudzira-yekunzwa kwedzidziso yekupindwa muropa (Berridge & Robinson, 2016), iyo inokurudzira kuchinja kubva pakuda kusvika pakuda panguva yekudhakwa.

Chimwe chiitiko chinonakidza ndechokuti kuwanda kwemaitiro ekutsvaga kwemashure-hoc mumaminitsi pamusangano, pakufananidza navaserengeti vashandisi nevashandi vanoita zvekugadzirisa-nguva dzose, kwaive kwakanyanya pakuenzanisa nehuwandu hwevhiki. Izvi zvingaratidza kuti vanhu vane IP vasingashandisi zvakanyanya vanoshandisa zvinetso kurega kutarisa IP muchikamu kana kuti vanoda nguva yakareba yekuwana mubayiro waidiwa, uyo unogona kufanana nechimiro chekushivirira mune zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa. Izvi zvinopindirana nemigumisiro inobva kuongororo yepadhiyari, iyo yakaratidza kuti mabhizinesi ekuona zvinonyadzisira ndeimwe yemafungiro anonyanya kuratidza mukutsvaga kurapwa nevarume vachiita zvekuita zvepabonde (Wordecha et al., 2018).

44) Gadzirira nzira dzekufungidzira zvinosimudzira muvanhurume varume vepakoreji varume vanoshandisa zvinonyadzisira.Skyler et al., 2019) - [yakawedzera nzira yekusarudzira (kukurudzira). Zvinyorwa:

Mhedzisiro yacho inotsigira fungidziro yekuti vakadzi vanoita zvevadzidzi vepakoreji vanoshandisa zvinonyadzisira vanokurumidza kusvika pane kuti vadzivise zvinokanganisa kuita kweAAT… .. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinoenderana nemabasa akati wandei eSRC anoratidza kuti vakapindwa muropa vanoratidza chiito chekusvika panzvimbo pane kudzivisa kupindwa muropa nezvinokanganisa (Bradley et al., 2004; Munda et al., 2006, 2008).

Pakazara, zvakawanikwa zvinoratidza kuti maitiro ekurwisa zvinokonzeresa anogona kunge ari mhinduro yekukurumidza kana kugadzirirwa pane kunzvenga, izvo zvinogona kutsanangurwa nekubatana kwehumwe hunyengeri hwehunhu muhunhu hwekupindwa muropa… .. Zvakare, huwandu hwakazara paBPS hwakanga hwakabatana nenzira kusarura zvikoro, zvichiratidza kuti kukura kwekuoma kwedambudziko rekuona zvinonyadzisira kunoshandiswa, iyo yakasimba iyo degree rekuti nzira yekuita zvishuwo zvekuita zvishuwo. Sangano iri rakaenderera mberi nekutsigirwa nezviratidziro zvinoratidza kuti vanhu vane dambudziko rekuona zvinonyadzisira vanoshandisa, sezvakarongedzwa nePPUS, vakaratidza zvinopfuura 200% zvine simba nzira yekusarudzira zvekushushikana kana ichienzaniswa nevanhu vasina dambudziko rekushandisa zvinonyadzisira.

Zvakatorwa pamwechete, zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kufanana pakati pezvinhu uye zvinokanganisa zvinodhaka (Grant et al., 2010). Zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandisa (zvikurukuru kushandiswa kwezvinetso) zvakabatanidzana nenzira dzinokurumidza kugadzirisa mafungiro okusagadzikana kudarika kusasagadzikana, kutengesa kusina kufanana nezvakaonekwa muhutano-kushandiswa kwekushandisa (Munda et al., 2008; Wiers et al., 2011), kushandiswa kwegodhi (Cousijn et al., 2011; Munda et al., 2006), uye kusvuta-kushandiswa kwekushandisa (Bradley et al., 2004). Kuwirirana pakati pekugadzirisa zvinhu uye nzira dzehutano hwehutachiona hunobatanidzwa mune zvose zvinodhaka zvinodhaka uye zvinetso zvinonyadzisa zvinoshandiswa zvinoita sezviri pachena, izvo zvinowirirana nezvidzidzo zvepakutanga (Kowalewska et al., 2018; Stark et al., 2018).

45) Hypermethylation-inosanganisirwa kudonhedza-pasi kweiyo microRNA-4456 mu hypersexual kusagadzikana ine putative pesvedzero on oxytocin siginecha: Kuongororwa kweDNA methylation ye miRNA genes (Bostrom et al., 2019) - [pamwe kusagadzikana kunetseka system]. Kudzidza pazvidzidzo zvine hupombwe (hupombwe / kupindwa muropa nemhombwe) inoshuma epigenetic shanduko ichiratidzira izvo zvinoitika muzvidhakwa. Iko epigenetic shanduko yakaitika mumageneti ane hukama neiyo oxytocin system (yakakosha murudo, kubatana, kupindwa muropa, kushushikana, kuita zvepabonde, nezvimwewo). Zvinyorwa:

Muongororo yeDNA methylation kusangana neropa rekuziva, tinocherekedza CpG-nzvimbo dzakabatana neMIR708 neMIR4456 dzakanyatsosarudzika methylated mune hypersexuality disorder (HD) varwere. Uyezve, isu tinoratidza kuti hsamiR- 4456 yakabatana methylation locus cg01299774 yakasarudzika methylated mukudzivirirwa kwedoro, ichidudzira kuti inogona kuve inowanzobatanidzwa nechikamu chinopinda muropa chinoonekwa muHD.

Kubatanidzwa kweiyo oxytocin siginari nzira inoonekwa mune ino ongororo kunoratidzika kunge kwakanyanyisa kuvhiringidzika mune dzakawanda hunhu hunotsanangura HD sekufungidzirwa kwaKafka et al. [1], senge kuda bonde kudhiraivha, kumanikidzwa, kukurumidza uye (zvepabonde) kupindwa muropa.

Mukupedzisa, MIR4456 ine yakanyanya kuderera kutaura muHD. Kufunda kwedu kunopa humbowo hwekuti DNA methylation paCg01299774 locus inosanganiswa nekutaura kweMIR4456. Iyi miRNA putatively inonongedza majini kusarudzika kuratidzwa muhuropi hushoma uye inobatanidzwa mumahombekombe makuru emamoniyuta anofungidzirwa kuve akakodzera pathogenesis yeHD. Zvatinowana kubva mukuferefetwa kweshanduko mu epigenome zvinobatsira kuwedzera kujekesa masikirwo ezvisikwa kumashure pathophysiology yeHD nekusimbiswa kwakanyanya paMIR4456 uye basa rayo mu oxetocin mutemo.

46) Grey nyaya vhoriyamu kusiyana mukumanikidza kudzora uye kupindwa muropa nematambudziko.Kudonhedza et al., 2020) - [hypofrontaility: yakaderera prefrontal cortex & anterior cingulate cortex grey nyaya]. Zvinyorwa:

Pano isu tinosiyanisa grey ndaba mavhoriyamu (GMVs) mumapoka evamwe vanhu vanomanikidzwa kuita zvepabonde kusagadzikana (CSBD), kubhejera kusagadzikana (GD), uye doro rekushandisa doro (AUD) nevaya vasina izvi zvekusagadzikana (hutano hunodzora vatori vechikamu; HCs).

Vakabatwa vanhu vamwe (CSBD, GD, AUD) vachienzaniswa nevatori vechikamu veHC vakaratidza madiki GMVs ari kuruboshwe rwemberi danda, kunyanya mu orbitofrontal cortex. Misiyano yakanyanya kutaurwa yakaonekwa mumapoka eGD neAUD, uye mudiki muboka reCBBD. Pakange paine kusagadzikana kwakabatana pakati peGMV uye kusagadzikana kwakadzika muboka reCBBD. Kuoma kwepamusoro kwezviratidzo zveCBBD zvakagadziridzwa nekuderera kweGMV mune yekumusoro anterior cingate gyrus..

Ichi chidzidzo chekutanga kuratidza mashoma GMVs mumakiriniki matatu emakiriniki e CSBD, GD uye AUD. Zvatinowana zvinoratidza kufanana pakati peiyo chaiyo yekumanikidza kudzora kusagadzikana uye kupindwa muropa.

Iyo anterior cingate cortex (ACC) yakave inoshanda in functional in cognitive control, processing yakaipa stimuli [56], [57], kukanganisa kufembera kugadzirisa, mubayiro kudzidza [58], [59] uye cue-reactivity [60], [34] . Nekuremekedza CSBD, ACC chiitiko pakupindura tsika dzakavanzika dzakabatana nechishuwo chebonde mune varume vane CSBD [61]. Varume vane CSBD vakaratidzawo rusununguko rwekuda zvepabonde nyowani, yaive yakabatana neACC habituation [62]. Saka, izvo zviripo zvazviri zvinowedzeredza zvisati zvaita basa nekutarisa kuti ACC vhoriyamu inoenderana zvakanyanya neCBBD chiratidzo mune varume.

47) Yakakwira Plasma Oxetocin mazinga muVarume Vane Hypersexual Disorder (Jokinen and said., 2020) [dysfunctional kushushikana mhinduro] .-- Kubva kuboka rekutsvagura iro rakaburitsa 4 dzakapfuura neuro-endocrine zvidzidzo pane zvechirume "hypersexawo" (zvepabonde / porn addicts). Nekuti oxytocin inobatanidzwa mukupindura kwedu kwekunetseka, huwandu hweropa rakadudzirwa sechiratidzo cheanonyanya kunetseka system mune vanopindwa muropa. Izvi zvinotsvaga zvinopindirana neyemuongorori dzapfuura zvidzidzo uye neurological zvidzidzo zvichidudza kusagadzikana kunetseka kupindura kune vanoshandisa zvisina kunaka zvinhu. Sezvineiwo, kurapa (CBT) kwakadzikira oxytocin mazinga mu hypersexual varwere. Zvishandiso:

Hypersexual kusagadzikana (HD) inosanganisa pathophysiological zvinhu senge chishuwo chepabonde kudzora, kupindwa muropa nepabonde, kushushikana uye kumanikidzwa kwakataurwa sekuongororwa kweiyo DSM-5. "Kumanikidzika Kuita Bonde Kushushikana" izvozvi kwave kuratidzwa sekukanganisa-kudzora kusagadzikana muICD-11. Ongororo dzichangobva kuitika dzakaratidza kuderedzwa HPA axis mune varume vane HD. Oxytocin (OXT) inokanganisa mashandiro eiyo HPA axis; hapana zvidzidzo zvakaongorora OXT nhanho mune varwere vane HD. Kunyangwe kurapwa kweBBT kwezviratidzo zveHD kune mhedzisiro pamatanho eOXT haina kuongororwa.

Takaongorora plasma OXT mazinga mukati 64 varwere vechirume vane HD uye makumi matatu nemapfumbamwe evanhurume-anoenderana nehutano vanozvipira. Kupfuurirazve, takaongorora kuwirirana pakati peaplasma OXT mazinga uye zviratidzo zveHD tichishandisa zviyero kuyera kuyera hypersexual maitiro.

Varwere vane HD vaive nemazinga akakurisa eOXT achienzaniswa nevanozvipira vane hutano. Paive nekukosha kwakabvumirana pakati peOXT mazinga uye chiyero chiyero kuyera hypersexual maitiro. Varwere vakapedza kurapwa kweBTT vaive nekudzikisira kwakakosha kwemazinga eOXT kubva pakurapwa kusati kwatanga. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza hyperactive oxytonergic system mune varwere vechirume vane hypersexual kusagadzikana iyo ingave nzira yekumanikidzira yekuwana hyperactive kusagadzikana system. Iro rakabudirira CBT boka rekurapa rinogona kunge riine hyperactive oxytonergic system.

48) Inhibitory kudzora uye zvinetso Internet-zvinonyadzisira kushandiswa - Iyo yakakosha yekuenzanisa nzvimbo yeiyo insula (Anton & Brand, 2020) - [kushivirira kana kujairira] - Vanyori vanotaura zvawanikwa zvinoratidza kushivirira, chiratidzo chekupindwa muropa. Zvinyorwa:

Chidzidzo chedu chazvino chinofanira kuonekwa senge yekutanga nzira inokurudzira kuferefetwa kweramangwana maererano nekudyidzana pakati pepfungwa nepfungwa nzira dzekuda, ine dambudziko IP kushandisa, kukurudzira kuchinja maitiro, uye inhibitory control.

Zvinoenderana nezvakamboitwa zvidzidzo (semuenzaniso, Antons & Brand, 2018; Brand, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016; Gola et al., 2017; Laier et al., 2013), we yakawana kuwiriraniswa kwakanyanya pakati pechidimbu chekuda uye chiratidzo kudzika kwekunetseka kweIP kushandisa mumamiriro ese maviri. Nekudaro, kuwedzera kwekukara senge chiyero checue-reactivity kwanga kusingaenderane nehukuru hwekushomeka kwedambudziko reIP, izvi zvingaenderana nekushivirira (cf. Wéry & Billieux, 2017) takapihwa kuti iyo mifananidzo yeinonyadzisira inoshandiswa mune ino kudzidza haina kutariswa maererano neshanje yekuda. Naizvozvo, zvimiro zvezvinhu zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandiswa zvinokwanisa kunge zvisina kusimba zvakakwana pakumisikidza cue-reactivity mune vanhu vane chiratidzo chakakura chekushomeka chakabatana nemhedzisiro yekumanikidza, inoratidza, uye yekufungidzira masystem uyezve mukukwanisa kudzora kugona.

Mhedzisiro yekushivirira uye inosimudzira zvinhu zvinogona kutsanangudza zvirinani inhibitory control performance mune vanhu vane yakakwirira chiratidzo kuomarara iyo yaive yakabatana nemusiyano chiitiko cheiyo nzira yekufungidzira uye inoratidza. Kudzora kudzora pamusoro pekushandiswa kweIP zvinofungidzirwa kunoguma kubva mukudyidzana pakati pezvisingaiti, zvinoratidzira uye zvinonzwisisika masisitimu.

Kutorwa pamwe chete, iyo insula senzvimbo yakakosha inomiririra iyo nzira yekufungidzira inoita basa rinokosha mukuzvidzora kana mifananidzo yezvinonyadzisira iripo. Dhata inoratidza kuti vanhu vane yakakwira chiratidzo chekunetseka kweIP kushandiswa kwaita zvirinani pabasa nekuda kwekuderera kwebasa rekuisa panguva yekugadzirisa mifananidzo uye basa rakawedzerwa panguva yekudzivirira kwekugadzirisa. Tmaitiro ake ebasa angave akavakirwa pamhedzisiro yekushivirira, ndiko kuti, kushomeka kweiyo system isingamiriri kunokonzeresa kudzora zviwanikwa zveiyo nzira yekufungidzira uye inoratidza.

Nekudaro, kuchinjika kubva mukumanikidza kuenda kumanikidza ekuita maitiro semhedzisiro yekukudziridza dambudziko rekushandiswa kweIP kana chinhu chinokurudzira (chekudzivirira-chine chekuita) chingave chakakodzera, zvekuti zviwanikwa zvese zvakange zvakatarisana nebasa racho uye kure nemifananidzo inonyadzisira. Chidzidzo ichi chinopa kunzwisisika kuri nani kwekudzora kudzora kwekushandiswa kweIP iyo inofungidzirwa kwete chete nekuda kwekukanganisa pakati pezvimiro zviviri asi nekudyidzana pakati pekumanikidza, kuratidzira, uye kusanzwisisana maitiro.

49) Zvakajairika Testosterone asi yakakwira Luteinizing Hormone Plasma Levels muVarume Vane Hypersexual Disorder (2020) - [inogona kuratidza kusagadzikana kunetseka kupindura] - Kubva kuboka rekutsvagisa iro rakaburitsa zvidzidzo zvishanu zvakapfuura zveeuro-endocrine pane zvechirume "zvehupombwe" (pabonde / vanopindwa muropa nezvinonyadzisira), zvichiratidza kushanduka kweshungu, chinonyanya kukonzera kupindwa muropa (1, 2, 3, 4, 5.). Zvishandiso:

Muchidzidzo ichi, takaona kuti varwere vechirume vane HD vanga vasina mutsauko wakakura mune plasma testosterone mazinga uchienzaniswa nevanozvipira vane hutano. Pane kusapindirana, vaive nehuwandu hwakanyanya hweplasma yeLH.

HD inosanganisira mukutsanangura kwayo kuti maitiro anogona kunge ari mhedzisiro yedhisphor nyika uye kusagadzikana,¹ uye isu takambotaura kushaidha ne hyperacaction yeiyo HPA axis¹³ pamwe nekuchinja kwakabatana kwe epigenetic muvarume vane HD.

Pane kusangana kwakaomarara pakati peHPA neHPG axis, zvese zvinonakidza pamwe nekuzvidzora nemisiyano zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekuvandudzwa kwehuropi.²⁷ Zviitiko zvinoshungurudza kuburikidza nemhedzisiro yeiyo HPA axis inogona kukonzera iyo inhibition yeLH kudzvinyirira uye nekuda kwekubereka zvakare.²⁷ Iwo ma2 masisitimu ane kudzokedzana kudyidzana, uye kwekutanga kushungurudzika kunogona kuchinja neuroendocrine mhinduro kuburikidza neepigenetic modification.

Matanho akakwenenzverwa anogona kusanganisira HPA uye HPG kudyidzana, mubairo neural network, kana chipingamupinyi chekutonga chinotungamira kutonga kwepamberi cortex kumatunhu.³² Mukupedzisa, isu tinoshuma kekutanga nguva yakawedzera LH plasma mazinga ehurume hunhu achienzaniswa nevanozvipira vane hutano. Izvi zvekutanga zviwanikwa zvinobatsira mukukura mabhuku pamusoro pekubatanidzwa neuroendocrine system uye dysregulation muHD.

50) Inzira yekuda kusarudzika pakati pevakadzi vanoita zvevakadzi mukoreji vanoshandisa zvinonyadzisira (2020) [sensitization uye desensitization] - N.euro-yepfungwa kudzidza pane vakadzi vevashandisi vanoita zvinonyadzisira vanozivisa zvakawanikwa izvo zvinogarisa izvo zvinoonekwa mune zvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Maitiro ekufungidzira nezvekuona zvinonyadzisira (sensitization) uye anhedonia (desensitization) akaenderana zvakanaka nezvekushandisa zvinonyadzisira. Kufunda kwakashumirawo: "isu takawanawo hukama hwakanaka pakati pehunhu hwekuda zviyero nezviwanikwa pa SHAPS, iyo inopedzisa anhedonia. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kana akasimba nzira yekufungidzira zvisizvo zvisiri nyore, zvinonyanya kufadza munhu anonzi akasangana nazvo". Taura zviri nyore, iyo neuropsychological chiratidzo chekupindwa muropa chiitiko chakabatana nekushaiwa kwemafaro (anhedonia). Zvishandiso:

Nzira yekufungira zvakaipa, kana maitiro akajaira ekufambisa kuenda kune muviri pane kuenda kure neiri, chinhu chakakosha chekuziva zvine chekuita nekuziva kunosanganisira maitiro ekupinda muropa. Iwo maviri maitiro ekuenzanisa akapindwa muropa anoisa hunhu hunopedzeredza hunokonzeresa nekuda kwekusawirirana pakati pekuda kudya, "kusingaiti" kukurudzira.
madhiraivha uye anotonga masimba masisitimu Kudzokorodza kudzokorodza maitiro ekupinda muropa kunogona kutungamira kuzviito zvega zvega zvega zvinoita kuti vanhu vaswedere pane kuti vadzivise kukurudzira. Chidzidzo ichi chakaongorora kana nzira yekufungira zvisizvo zvisingaiti iripo pakati pevakadzi vanechinyakare vekoreji vane vakadzi vanotaura vachishandisa zvinonyadzisira.

Vatori vechikamu vakaratidza nzira yakakosha yekusarura kwe24.81 ms yeiyo erotic kukurudzira kana ichienzaniswa nekusarerekera kukurudzira, uye t.maitiro ake anosarudzika chaizvo zvakabatana neDambudziko Dzinonyadzisira Shandisa Scale scores. Izvi zviwanikwa zvinoenderana uye zvinowedzera zvakawanikwa zvakapfuura zvichidudza nzira yekufungidzira yeiyo erotic kukurudzira pakati pevarume vanogara vachishandisa zvinonyadzisira (Sklenarik et al., 2019; Stark et al., 2017).

Uyezve, nzira dzekusarura dzakabatanidzwa zvine mutsindo pamwe ne anhedonia inoratidza kuti iyo yakasimba iyo degree rekusvirana neanokanganisa, iyo anhedonia yakawonekwa.… ..Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kana akasimba nzira yekufungidzira zvisizvo zvisiri nyore, zvinonyanya kufadza munhu anonzi akasangana nazvo.

51) Tsika dzepabonde dzinoshandura kushanda kwememori nekugadzirisa kwehuropi muvarume vane maitiro ekumanikidza ekuita zvepabonde (2020) - [kukurudzira uye kutambura kwevarombo] - Excerpts:

Pamwero wehunhu, varwere vakadzikiswa nezvinhu zvevanyadzisi zvichienderana nekushandisa kwavo zvinonyadzisira muvhiki yekupedzisira, izvo zvakavezwa nekumiswa kwepamusoro mune ingual gyrus. Uye zvakare, iyo lingual gyrus yakaratidza yakakwira inoshanda yekubatanidza kune insula panguva yekugadzirisa kwezvinonyadzisira zvinokurudzira muboka revarwere. Kusiyana neizvi, zvidzidzo zvine hutano zvakaratidza mhinduro nekukurumidza kana tasangana nemifananidzo yevanyadzisi chete nehuremu hwakakura hwekuziva. Zvakare, varwere vakaratidza ndangariro iri nani yemifananidzo inoona zvinonyadzisira mune yekuzivikanwa kushamisika basa vachienzaniswa nekuzvidzora, vachitaura nekuda kwepamusoro kukosheswa kwezvinhu zvinonyadzisira muboka revarwere. These zvakawanikwa zvinoenderana neicho chirevo chekufungidzira kupindwa muropa, kunyanya kushanda kwepamusoro kunosangana nesisitation network neiyo insula sekiyi kiyi chinhu chakanyanya uye chiitiko chepamusoro chechinongedzo panguva yekugadziriswa kwemifananidzo inoona zvinonyadzisira zvichienderana nekudhakwa kwazvino.

…. Izvi zvinogona kududzirwa nenzira yekuona zvinonyadzisira zvine (pamwe nekuda kwenzira dzekufunda) kukosha kwevarwere uye nekudaro kunovhenekera salience (insula) uye netiweki yekutarisa (yakaderera parietal), iyo inotungamira kune inononoka kuita nguva seyakakosha ruzivo haruna kukodzera pabasa racho. Kubva pane izvi zvakawanikwa, mumwe anogona kugumisa kuti, pazvidzidzo zvinoratidza CSB, zvinonyadzisira zvinhu zvine zvakakwirira zvinokanganisa uye nekudaro nzvimbo yakakwira. Pashure pacho, iyo data inotsigira IST yekupindwa muropa muCBB.

52) Subjential mubairo kukosha kwekuona kwepabonde kukurudzira kunoratidzwa muvanhu striatum uye orbitofrontal cortex (2020) - [kukurudzira] - Zvidimbu:

Iyo yepamusoro nyaya yakatarwa VSS clip pane zvepabonde zvinosekesa kana valence, iyo yepamusoro basa yatinowana muNAcc, caudate nucleus uye OFC panguva yekuona kweVSS. Kuwedzera, tKushamwaridzana pakati pevanhu vanoita zvepabonde zvinonakidza ratings uye NAcc pamwe ne caudate nucleus chiitiko yaive yakasimba apo zvidzidzo zvakataura zvimwe zviratidzo zvekunetseka kwekushandisa zvinonyadzisira (PPU) yakayerwa ne-s-IATsex

Iyi misiyano yomunhu oga mukufarira kunyora inogona kumiririra nzira inomiririra kupindwa muropa kweVSS kunoitika kune vamwe vanhu. Isu hatina chete kuwana kubatana kweNAcc uye caudate chiitiko nekuita zvepabonde zvinonakidza panguva yeVSS kutarisa asi simba rehukama uyu rakakura apo nyaya yacho yakataura nezvedambudziko rekushandisa zvinonyadzisira (PPU). Mhedzisiro yacho inotsigira hypothesis, iyo inokurudzira kukosha mhinduro mu NAcc uye caudate inosiyanisa zvakanyanya pakati pekusarudzika kwakasarudzika kwakasarudzika, kazhinji chidzidzo chinosangana nePPU. Izvi zvinowedzera zvidzidzo zvakapfuura, uko PPU yakabatanidzwa kune yakakwira striatal mhinduro kuVSS kana ichienzaniswa nechimiro chekutonga kana chisiri-chinosarudzwa [29,38]. Imwe fundo, zvakare ichishandisa SID basa, yakawana yakawedzera NAcc zviitiko yakabatana neakawedzera PPU panguva yekufungidzira chikamu chete [41]. Mhedzisiro yedu inoratidza kuti mhedzisiro yakafanana, kureva yakashandurwa yekuchinjisa sisitiro yekusangana yakabatana nePPU, inogona kuwanikwawo muchikamu chekuzvitakura, asi chete kana kudiwa kweumwe neumwe kuchinge kwakafungwa. Iko kusiana kuwedzera kusiyanisa kweinokurudzira kukosha zvikwangwani muNAcc kunogona kuratidza kuwedzera kunodiwa kwekutsvaga uye kuzivisa yakasarudzika VSS panguva yekuwedzera kupindwa muropa.

Kupiwa izvi zvawanikwa zvinogona kudzokororwa, vanogona kunge vaine zvakakosha zvechirwere. Kuwedzerwa kusiyanisa kwezvikosheni kukosha kwezvikwangwani kunogona kuve kwakabatana nekuwedzera kwenguva inopedzerwa kutsvaga zvinhu zvinomutsa zvakanyanya, izvo zvinozotungamira kumatambudziko muhupenyu hwepamoyo kana hwehunyanzvi nekutambura nekuda kwemaitiro aya.

53) Iwo Neuroscience ehutano Kutaurirana: Iyo fNIRS Kuongorora kwePamberi peCortex uye Kunwa Kwekuona muVasikana Vechidiki kune Kuvandudza Kwekudzivirira Hutano Zvirongwa (2020) - Excerpts:

Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti kutariswa kweiyo porn clip (vs. kudzora clip) kunokonzeresa kumisikidza kwenzvimbo yaBrodmann 45 yenyika yekurudyi. Mhedzisiro inoonekwawo pakati peyero yekuzvimiririra-kunwa kushandiswa uye kumisikidzwa kwekwakanaka BA 45: iyo yakakwira iyo nhanho yekuzvitaurira yakataurwa, yakanyanya iyo activation. Pane rimwe divi, ivo vatori vechikamu vasina kumbobvira vadya zvinonyadzisira havaratidze zviitiko zveiyo chaiyo BA 45 zvichienzaniswa neiyo clip clip (inoratidza musiyano wehunhu pakati pevasina-vatengi nevatengi). Mhedzisiro iyi inoenderana nekumwe kutsvagisa kwakaitwa mumunda wekupindwa muropa. Inofungidzirwa kuti girazi neuron system inogona kuve yakabatanidzwa, kuburikidza nehunhu hwekunzwira tsitsi, uko kunogona kumutsa kushushikana kwekushushikana.

54) Zviitiko zvine chekuita nezviitiko mune mbiri-sarudzo oddball basa rekukanganisa hunhu hwekudzivirira hutongi pakati pevanhurume vane maitiro ekurwisa cybersex (2020) - Excerpts:

Kusakanganiswa kwehunhu inhibitory control (BIC) inozivikanwa kuti inoita basa rakakosha mukuita muropa. Zvisinei, kutsvakurudza kwave kusinganzwisisiki kana ichi chiriwo chiitiko chehutano hwepabonde paIndaneti. Ichi chidzidzo chakanangana nekutsvaga nguva yenguva yeBIC muvarume vanhu vane hunyengeri kune cybersex kupindwa muropa (TCA) vachishandisa zviitiko zvine chekuita nezviitiko (ERPs) uye kupa neurophysiological humbowo hwekusakwana kwavo BIC.

Vanhu vane TCA vaikurumidza kufunga kupfuura vatori vechikamu veHC uye vakagovana neuropsychological uye ERP hunhu hwechinhu chekushandisa kusagadzikana kana hunhu hwehunhu, iyo inotsigira maonero ekuti kupindwa muropa ne cybersex kunogona kufungidzirwa sehunhu hwekuzvibata..

Pfungwa, mhedzisiro yedu inoratidza kuti cybersex kupindwa muropa kwakafanana nedambudziko rekushandisa zvinodhaka uye kusagadzikana kwekudzora kusagadzikana maererano nekusagadzikana paelectophysiological uye maitiro ehunhu. Zvatinowana zvinogona kukurudzira kukakavara kunoramba kuripo nezve mukana wekupindwa muropa ne cybersex senge rudzi rwechirwere chepfungwa.

55) Yakachena nyaya microstructural uye Kumanikidza Zvepabonde Zvinokanganisa Dambudziko - Kusiyanisa Tensor Kufungidzira kudzidza - Bmvura scan scan ichienzanisa chena nyaya dhizaini ye porn / vanoita zvepabonde (CSBD) kudzora. Misiyano yakakosha pakati pesimba uye CSB zvidzidzo Zvinyorwa:

Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvidzidzo zvekutanga zveDTI zvichitarisa musiyano uripo pakati pevarwere neCompulsive Sexual Behaviors Disorder uye kutonga kwakanaka. Kuongorora kwedu kwakaburitsa kuderedzwa kweFA mumatunhu matanhatu ehuropi mune CSBD zvidzidzo, zvichienzaniswa necontrol. Maturakiti ekusiyanisa akawanikwa mucerebellum (panogona kunge paine zvikamu zveturakiti imwe mucerebellum), iyo chikamu chakadzoserwa chemukati kapsule, iyo yepamusoro corona radiata uye yepakati kana yekupedzisira occipital gyrus chena nyaya.

Yedu DTI dhata inoratidza kuti iyo neural correlates yeCSBD inopindirana nematunhu akambotaurwa mumabhuku senge zvakabatana zvese, kupindwa muropa uye OCD (ona iyo tsvuku nzvimbo mukati Fig. 3). Nekudaro, iyo yazvino kudzidza yakaratidza fanano yakakosha mukugovana FA kuderedzwa pakati peCSBD neese OCD uye zvinodhaka.

56) Zvepabonde zvinokurudzira kunonoka mu scanner: Zvepabonde cue uye mubairo kugadzirisa, uye zvinongedzo kumatambudziko ekunetsa kushandiswa kwepabonde uye kurudziro yepabonde - Zvakawanikwa hazvienderane neyekupindwa muropa modhi (cue-reactivity).

58) Aberrant orbitofrontal cortex reactivity kune erotic cues muCompulsive Zvepabonde Zvirwere Dambudziko (2021)- [senitization - yakakura cue-reactivity mu ventral striatum uye anterior orbitofrontal cortex mune zvinonyadzisira zvinodhaka zvichienzaniswa nehutano hwakanaka] Excerpts:

Maitiro anoshanda anoonekwa muzvidzidzo zveCSBD zvinosanganisira yepamusoro parietal cortices, supramarginal gyrus, pre uye postcentral gyrus, uye basal ganglia inogona kunge ichiratidza yekuwedzera (zvichienzaniswa nehutano kudzora) kutarisisa, somatosensory, uye mota kugadzirira kune erotic mubairo nzira uye kupera (kuda) mu CSBD inobviswa nezvakafanotaurwa ((Locke & Braver, 2008; Hirose, Nambu, & Naito, 2018). Izvi zvinoenderana neKukurudzira Sensitization dzidziso yekupindwa muropa (Robinson & Berridge, 2008) uye iripo data pane cue-reactivity mune zvinodhaka maitiro (Kwayedza, 2018; Gola, Wordecha, et al., 2017; Kowalewska et al., 2018; Kraus et al., 2016b; Potenza et al., 2017; Stark, Klucken, Potenza, Brand, & Strahler, 2018; Voon et al., 2014) ....

Zvinotonyanya kukosha, iine mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kwe ROI, iri basa rinowedzera zvabuda zvakaburitswa kare (Gola, Wordecha, et al., 2017) nekuratidza izvo ari kukwidziridzwa kwakawanda kwemubairo wedunhu kune erotic mubairo cues muCSBD kunoitika kwete chete mu ventral striatum muchikamu chekutarisira mubairo asiwo mune anterior orbitofrontal cortex (aOFC). Pamusoro pezvo, zviitwa mudunhu rino zvinoita kunge zvinoenderana nemubairo mukana. Shanduko yechiratidzo cheBOLD yaive yakakwira muvanhu veCSBD pane kutonga zvine hutano, kunyanya pamitengo yepasi, iyo inogona kuratidza kuti mikana yakaderera yekuwana mubairo wekusazvibata hauderedze hunhu hwekunyanyisa hunokonzereswa nekuvapo kweanokanganisa mibairo cues.

Kubva pane yedu data, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti iyo aOFC inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa kugona kwakaringana kwemamwe marudzi emubairo kukurudzira maitiro ekutsvaga mubairo muvatori vechikamu veCSBD. Muchokwadi, iro basa reOCC rakaverengerwa mune yeanososekisheni modhi yeanopindwa muropa maitiro.

59) Electrophysiological humbowo hwekuwedzera kutarisisa kwekutanga kutarisisa mifananidzo yepabonde kune vanhu vane tsika dzekupindwa muropa necybersex (2021) [sensitization/cue reactivity and habituation/deensitization] Kudzidza kwakaongororwa hunhu hwevanopindwa muropa nezvinonyadzisira (nguva dzekupindura) uye mhinduro dzehuropi (EEG) kumifananidzo inonyadzisira uye isina kwayakarerekera. Maererano naMechelmans et al. (2014) pamusoro, chidzidzo ichi chakawana vakapindwa muropa nezvinonyadzisira vane zvakawanda mangwanani kurerekera kunyaya dzepabonde. Chii chitsva ichi chidzidzo chakawana neurophysiological humbowo hweizvi mangwanani kutarisisa kune zvinodhaka zvine chekuita nekupindwa muropa. Zvidimbu:

Incentive sensitization theory yakashandiswa kutsanangura kutarisisa kune zvinodhaka zvine chekuita nekupindwa muropa kune vanhu vane zvimwe zvinetso zvekupindwa muropa (Munda & Cox, 2008; Robinson & Berridge, 1993) Iyi dzidziso inokurudzira kuti kudzokororwa kushandiswa kwezvinhu kunowedzera dopaminergic mhinduro, ichiita kuti iwedzere kunzwisisika uye inokurudzira. Izvi zvinokonzeresa hunhu hwevanhu vakapindwa muropa kuburikidza nechishuwo chekunzwa zviitiko zvinopihwa mukupindura kune zvinodhaka zvine hukama (Robinson & Berridge, 1993) Pashure pechiitiko chinodzokororwa chekusimudzira kunopiwa, zviratidzo zvine chokuita nazvo zvinova zvinooneka uye zvinokwezva, nokudaro zvichikwezva ngwariro. Zvakawanikwa zvechidzidzo ichi zvakaratidza kuti [zvinonyadzisira vakapindwa muropa] zvechokwadi vakapa kupindira kwakasimba mukutonga kwemavara emifananidzo yepabonde zvine chekuita nevasina kwavakarerekera. Humbowo uhu hwakafanana nemhedzisiro inoshumwa kune zvine chekuita nemishonga (Asmaro et al., 2014; Della Libera et al., 2019) uye hunhu husina chekuita nemishonga, kusanganisira kuita zvepabonde (Pekal et al., 2018; Sklenarik, Potenza, Gola, Kor, Kraus, & Astur, 2019; Wegmann & Brand, 2020).

Mhedzisiro yedu yenyaya ndeyekuti vanhu vane [porn kupindwa muropa] vakaratidza yekutanga modulation yeP200 ine chekuita nekusarerekera kwazvakarerekera mukupindura kuita zvepabonde. Mhedzisiro iyi inoenderana neiyo ye Mechelmans et al. (2014), uyo akashuma vatori vechikamu vane hunhu hwekumanikidzira hwepabonde hunoratidza kutarisisa zvakanyanya kune zvepabonde zvakajeka pane kusarerekera kune kwazvakarerekera, kunyanya panguva yekutanga yekukurudzira latency (kureva, yekutanga kutarisisa kutarisisa mhinduro). P200 inobatanidzwa nekuderera kwekugadzirisa kwekusimudzira (Crowley naColrain, 2004) Nokudaro, zvakawanikwa zvedu zveP200 zvinoratidza kuti mutsauko uripo pakati pekuita zvepabonde uye kusarerekera kunogona kusarurwa nevanhu vane [kupindwa muropa nezvinonyadzisira] panguva dzekutanga dzekutariswa panguva yekudzika-nhanho kugadzirisa kwekusimudzira. Yakavandudzwa P200 amplitudes kune zvepabonde zvinokurudzira muboka re [porn kupindwa muropa] rinoratidza seyakawedzerwa kutarisisa kwekutanga kubatikana nekuti salience yeizvi zvinokurudzira inowedzera. Zvimwe zvekupindwa muropa zvidzidzo zveERP zvakaratidza zvakaenzanirana zvakawanikwa, kureva kuti rusarura mukupindwa muropa-zvine hukama hunotanga mumatanho ekutanga ekugadzirisa zvinokurudzira (semuenzaniso, Nijs et al., 2010; Versace, Minnix, Robinson, Lam, Brown, & Cinciripini, 2011; Yang, Zhang, & Zhao, 2015).

Munguva yakazotevera, yakawedzera kudzorwa uye inoziva nhanho yekutarisisa, chidzidzo ichi chakawana yakaderera LPP amplitude mune zvinonyadzisira vakapindwa muropa (yakakwirira TCA boka). Vatsvakurudzi vanokurudzira kugara / desensitization sezvinobvira tsananguro dzekutsvaga uku. Kubva kuhurukuro:

Izvi zvinogona kutsanangurwa nenzira dzakawanda. Chekutanga, cybersex vakapindwa muropa vanogona kusangana nekugara kune mifananidzo. Nekuwanda kwezvinonyadzisira paInternet, vashandisi vanogara vachiona zvinonyadzisira pamhepo vanowanzoona mafirimu ezvinonyadzisira uye mavhidhiyo mapfupi pane achiri mifananidzo. Tichifunga kuti mavhidhiyo ezvinonyadzisira anounza kukwidziridzwa kwepamusoro uye kukwirisa kupfuura mifananidzo yepabonde, mifananidzo yakamira inoguma nekusadavirwa kwepabonde. (Zvose, Spiering, Everaerd, & Laan, 2004). Chechipiri, kukurudzira kwakanyanya kunogona kukonzera shanduko huru yeurouroplastic (Kühn & Gallinat, 2014). Kunyanya, kugara uchiona zvinonyadzisira kunoderedza huwandu hwegrey mu dorsal striatum, dunhu rine chekuita nebonde. (Arnow et al., 2002).

60) Shanduko mu oxytocin uye vasopressin muvarume vane dambudziko rekushandisa zvinonyadzisira: Basa rekunzwira tsitsi. [Dysfunctional stress response] Zvidimbu:

zvakawanikwa zvinoratidza shanduko dzakati wandei mukushanda kweneuropeptide muPPU uye kuratidza hukama hwavo kudzikisa tsitsi uye zvakanyanya kuomarara zviratidzo zvepfungwa. Uyezve, zvatakawana zvinoratidza hukama chaihwo pakati pezviratidzo zvepfungwa, AVP, oxytocin, tsitsi uye zvinonyadzisira zvine chekuita nehupombwe, uye kunzwisisa hukama uhwu kunogona kubatsira kutungamira kupindira kwekiriniki….

Kunyangwe preclinical zvidzidzo zvinoramba zvichiratidza shanduko muoxytocin uye AVP mashandiro mumhando dzemhuka dzekupindwa muropa, hapana chidzidzo chekutanga chevanhu chakaedza kubatana kwavo muvanhu vane PPU. Mhedzisiro yazvino inoratidza shanduko muoxytocin uye AVP muvarume vane PPU sezvinoratidzwa mumazinga ekutanga, reactivity mapatani, neuropeptide chiyero, uye zvinongedzo nezvinonyadzisira zvine chekuita nehupombwe..

61) Neural uye maitiro correlates ezvekuita zvepabonde kufungidzira kunongedza kune kupindwa muropa-kunge nzira mukumanikidza kuita zvepabonde kusagadzikana (2022) [sensitization] Ichi chidzidzo chefMRI chakawana kuti zvinonyadzisira / bonde vakapindwa muropa (CSBD varwere) vane maitiro asina kunaka uye basa rehuropi panguva. kutarisira yekuona zvinonyadzisira, kunyanya mu ventral striatum. Uyezve, chidzidzo chacho chakawanawo zvinonyadzisira / zvepabonde zvakapindwa muropa “zvaida” zvinonyadzisira zvakanyanya, asi hazvina kudaro “se” zvakanyanya kupfuura kutonga kune hutano. Zvidimbu:

Zvakakosha, kusiyana kwemaitiro aya kunoratidza kuti maitiro anosanganisira kutarisira erotic uye kwete-erotic stimuli inogona kuchinjwa muCSBD uye inotsigira pfungwa yokuti mubairo wekutarisira-ane chokuita nemaitiro akafanana neaya ari mumatambudziko ekushandisa zvinodhaka uye zvinodhaka zvinogona kuita basa rinokosha muCSBD. , sezvakambotaurwa (Chatzittofis et al., 2016; Gola et al., 2018; Jokinen et al., 2017; Kowalewska et al., 2018; Mechelmans et al., 2014; Politis et al., 2013; Schmidt et al., 2017; Sinke et al., 2020; Voon et al., 2014) Izvi zvakatsigirwa zvakare nenyaya yekuti isu hatina kuona misiyano mune mamwe mabasa ekuziva kuyera kutora njodzi uye kudzora kwekufungidzira, kupokana nepfungwa yekuti maitiro ane chekuita nekumanikidza ari kutamba (Norman et al., 2019; Mar, Townes, Pechlivanoglou, Arnold, & Schachar, 2022) Zvinoshamisa, maitiro ekuzvibata ΔRT akabatana zvisina kunaka ne hypersexuality zviratidzo uye kumanikidzika kwepabonde, zvichiratidza kuti kutarisira-kune chokuita nekuchinja kwemaitiro kunowedzera pamwe ne CSBD chiratidzo chekuoma ....

Zvatinowana zvinoratidza kuti CSBD inodyidzana neakachinjika hunhu correlates yekutarisira, iyo inowedzera hukama neVS chiitiko panguva yekutarisira erotic stimuli. Zvakawanikwa zvinotsigira pfungwa yekuti nzira dzakafanana nezviri muzvinhu uye hunhu hwekupindwa muropa hunoita basa muCSBD uye dzinoratidza kuti kusarudzwa kweCSBD sechirwere chepfungwa-chinodzora chinogona kupokana pahwaro hwezviwanikwa zveurourobiological.

62) Kushanda Kubatana muCompulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder - Yakarongeka Ongororo Yezvinyorwa uye Kudzidza pane Heterosexual Varume (2022) [sensitization]

Takawana yakawedzera fc pakati pekuruboshwe yakaderera kumberi gyrus uye kurudyi planum temporale uye polare, kurudyi nekuruboshwe insula, kurudyi Supplementary Motor Cortex (SMA), kurudyi parietal operculum, uye zvakare pakati kuruboshwe supramarginal gyrus uye kurudyi planum polare, uye pakati kuruboshwe orbitofrontal cortex uye left insula kana ichienzaniswa neCSBD neHC. Iyo yakaderera fc yakaonekwa pakati pekuruboshwe yepakati temporal gyrus uye bilateral insula uye kurudyi parietal operculum.

Chidzidzo chacho chaive chekutanga chidzidzo chemuenzaniso chinoratidza 5 akasiyana anoshanda ehuropi network inosiyanisa varwere veCSBD neHC.

Iwo anoonekwa anoshanda ehuropi network anosiyanisa CSBD kubva kuHC uye inopa imwe tsigiro yekukurudzira kukurudzira senzira iri pasi pezviratidzo zveCSBD.

63) Misiyano yehuropi yakabatana nekumanikidza kuita zvepabonde kusagadzikana (2023)

CSBD inobatanidzwa nekusiyana kwehuropi, izvo zvinobatsira kunzwisisa zviri nani CSBD uye inokurudzira kumwe kujekeswa kwemaitiro neurobiological ari pasi pechirwere ichi.

Zviratidzo zveCSBD zvaive zvakanyanya muvanhu vairatidzira zvakanyanya kutaurwa cortical kusiyana.

Mhedzisiro kubva kuzvidzidzo zvakapfuura uye chidzidzo chazvino zvinowirirana nepfungwa yekuti CSBD inodyidzana nekushandurwa kwehuropi munzvimbo dzakabatanidzwa mukukurudzira, kugara, kudzora mafungiro, uye kugadzirisa mubairo.

Zvatinowana zvinoratidza kuti CSBD inodyidzana nekusiyana kwehuropi. Ichi chidzidzo chinopa ruzivo rwakakosha munharaunda isina kuongororwa yehutano hwekiriniki uye inokurudzira kumwe kujekeswa kwemaitiro neurobiological ari pasi peCSBD, chinova chinodiwa pakuvandudza mhedzisiro yeramangwana. Zvakawanikwa zvinogonawo kubatsira mukuenderera mberi kwenhaurirano pamusoro pekuti kurongeka kwazvino kweCSBD sechirwere chekufungidzira-kudzora chine musoro.

Pamwe chete izvi zvidzidzo zvehuropi zvakataurwa:

1. Uropi hwehutano hunosangana nehutano hweHIV hunochinja: kukurudzira, desensitization, uye unyengeri.
2. Zvinonyanya kushandiswa zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa zvakasanganiswa nechepamusoro-ganda mubasa rekupa mubayiro (dorsal striatum).
3. Zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandiswa zvakabatana nechepe mubayiro wekushanda kwekufambisa nekuona zvishoma zvekuona zvepabonde.
4. Uyezve kushandisa zvinonyadzisira zvakabatana nekuvhiringidzwa neural kubatana pakati pemubhadharo wedunhu uye yepamberi cortex.
5. Kukwegura kwakange kune hukuru hwemabasa ekuita zvepabonde, asi hutano hushoma hwehuropi hunoita zvinowanzoitika (hunosangana nezvinodhaka zvinodhaka).
6. Zvinonyadzisa kushandisa / kutarisa zvinonyadzisira zvine chokuita nekukurumidza kunonoka kuregererwa (kusakwanisa kunonoka kugutsikana). Icho chiratidzo chekushaya masimba ekushanda.
7. 60% yeanomanikidza porn vakapindwa muropa nenyaya mune kumwe kudzidza vakawana ED kana yakaderera libido nevakabatana, asi kwete ne porn: vese vakataura kuti internet porn kushandisa kwakakonzera yavo ED / yakaderera libido.
8. Kuwedzera kushamwaridzana kufanana nevanoshandisa zvinodhaka. Inoratidza kukurudzirwa (a product of DeltaFosb).
9. Kukura kukuru uye kuda zvehupombwe, asi kwete zvakanyanya kufarira. Izvi zvinoenderana nemuenzaniso unogamuchirwa wekupindwa muropa - kukurudzira kusimbisa.
10. Zvinonyadzisira zvinokanganisa hutano hwepabonde asi uropi hwavo hunogara huchikurumidza kune zvidhori zvepabonde. Kwete kusati yavapo.
11. Vaduku vanonyadzisira vanoshandisa hukuru hwekutsvaga-induced reactivity mumuzinda wemubairo.
12. EEG yepamusoro (P300) kuverengwa apo vashandi vepabonde vainyatsoonekwa kune zvinonyadzisira cues (izvo zvinoitika mune zvimwe zvinodhaka).
13. Pasina chido chekuita zvepabonde nemumwe munhu achibatanidza nemamwe makuru-reactivity kune zvinonyadzisira.
14. Zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandiswa zvakabatana nechepasi LPP marefu pakuona zvishoma zvekuita zvepabonde: rinoratidza tsika kana kuti kusagadzirisa.
15. Dysfunctional HPA axis uye yakashandura pfungwa dzepfungwa dzepfungwa, dzinowanikwa mumishonga yezvinodhaka (uye yakawanda amygdala volume, iyo inobatanidza nekugara kwenguva refu kwepfungwa).
16. Epigenetic shanduko pamakemikirini emakemikari kune manzwiro ekumanikidzwa kwevanhu uye zvakanyatsobatanidzwa nekudhakwa.
17. Nhamba dzepamusoro dzeKutinhira Necrosis Factor (TNF) - iyo inowanikwawo mukushandisa zvinodhaka nekudhakwa.
18. Kusava nekanguva kwekanguva kemukati mutsvuku; kupindirana kwevarombo pakati pezvematongerwo enyika uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda.
19. Great state kushurikidzwa.
20. Yakaderedzwa prefrontal cortex uye anterior cingrate gyrus grey chinhu chakayenzaniswa nehutano hutonga.
21. Kuderedzwa mune chena nyaya zvichienzaniswa nehutano kudzora.

Zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinongororwa zvidzidzo zvinoshandiswa uye zvinyorwa zvinoshandiswa zvisiri izvo:

Debunking zvisiri izvo:

1. Gary Wilson anofumura chokwadi chiri shure kwezvidzidzo zvishanu vanoparadzira vanopupurira kutsigira zvavanotaura kuti kupindwa muropa nezvinonyadzisira hakusiko uye kuti kushandisa zvinonyadzisira kunonyanya kubatsira: Gary Wilson - Tsvagurudzo Yekuona: Chokwadi kana Ngano (2018).
2. Debunking "Sei Tichiri Kunyanya Kunyanya Kufunga Nezvekuona Porn? ", NaMarty Klein, Taylor Kohut, naNicole Prause (2018).
3. Nzira yekuziva nharo Nyaya: Dzinotaura Prause et al. 2015 (nekunyepa ichiti inokwereta kupindwa muropa nezvinonyadzisira), apo ichiita zvinopfuura makumi mana zvehuropi zvidzidzo zvinotsigira kupindwa muropa kwehupombwe.
4. Kana iwe uchitsvaga kuongororwa kwechidzidzo chausingakwanise kuwana pane ino "Critiques of Inopokana & Dzinotsausa Dzidzo" peji, tarisa peji rino: Zvinonyadzisira Sayenzi Inopesana (AKA: "RealYourBrainOnPorn.com" uye "PornographyResearch.com"). Inoongorora YBOP trademark infringer'"Peji rekutsvagisa," kusanganisira iyo yakatemwa-kubva kunze zvidzidzo, rusaruro, kusarudzika kusasiya, uye hunyengeri.
5. Joshua Grubbs ari kukwevera mvere dzemeso edu nemaziso ake ne "akaona zvinonyadzisira zvekuita zvepabonde" kutsvakurudza? (2016)
6. Tsvakurudzo inoratidza maGrubbs, Perry, Wilt, Reid rekuongorora hazvibvumirwi ("Zvinonyadzisira Zvinokonzerwa Nokusagadzikana Kwetsika: An Integrative Model neKugadziriswa Kwakarongeka uye Kuongorora Meta") 2018.
7. Vanhu Vechitendero Vanoshandisa Zviduku Zvinotadza uye Havasisipo Zvimwe Kubvuma Kuti Vakapindwa Muropa (2017)
8. Critique of: Tsamba kune mhariri "Prause et al. (2015) ikozvino kuipa kwekutsika kwe zvinodhaka zvinotaurwa"
9. Op-ed: Ndivanaani vanonyengera zvisayenzi pazvinhu zvinonyadzisira? (2016)
10. Debunking Justin Lehmiller's "IErectile Dysfunction Zvechokwadi Pamusoro Pokutanga muVarume Vechidiki"(2018)
11. Kubata Kris Taylor's "Zvishomanana chokwadi chakaoma pamusoro pehuponi uye erectile dysfunction"(2017)
12. uye Debunking "Unofanira kunge uine hanya nezvehupombwe-induced erectile dysfunction? ” - naDaily Dot's Claire Downs. (2018)
13. Kubata nyaya ye "Men's Health" naGavin Evans: "Kuona Zvinonyanya Kuwanda Zvinokupa Erectile Dysfunction?"(2018)
14. Izvo zvinonyadzisira zvinoshungurudza nemurume wako, naPhilip Zimbardo, Gary Wilson & Nikita Coulombe (Kurume, 2016)
15. Zvakawanda pazvinonyadzisira: chengetedza hukama hwako-mhinduro kuna Marty Klein, naPhilip Zimbardo & Gary Wilson (Kubvumbi, 2016)
16. Kugumburwa Mhinduro yaDavid Ley kuna Firipi Zimbardo: "Tinofanira kuvimba nesayenzi yakanaka muhurukuro yepikicha"(March, 2016)
17. YBOP mhinduro kuna Jim Pfaus "Vimba netasayendisiti: kukanganisa zvepabonde inhema"(January, 2016)
18. YBOP inopindura kune zvataurwa muDavid Ley comment (January, 2016)
19. Vanodzidza zvepabonde vanoramba hupombwe-vakakonzera ED kuburikidza nokutaura kuti bonhora ndiyo dambudziko (2016)
20. David Ley anorwisa kufamba kweNofap (May, 2015)
21. RealYourBrainOnPorn tweets: Daniel Burgess, Nicole Prause & pro-porn vanobatana vanogadzira yakasarudzika webhusaiti uye magariro enhau maakaundi kutsigira indasitiri ye porno ajenda (kutanga muna Kubvumbi, 2019).
22. Kunyengetedza kwakaedza kunyaradza Wilson kwakakundikana; gwaro rake rekumurambidza rakarambidzwa kunge risina basa uye ane chikwereti chakakura chemagweta mumutongo weSLAPP.
23. Kuri Kuidana Zvinonyadzisira Kupindwa muropa Kune Njodzi Here? Vhidhiyo debunking Madita Oeming's "Nei Tichifanira Kumira Kuidana Izvo Zvinonyadzisira".

Rondedzero yezvidzidzo zvinoenderana (nezvakadzvanywa):

• Zvinonyadzisira nezvinetso zvepabonde? Iri runyora rine mitsva ye 40 inobatanidza zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandiswa / zvinonyadzisira zvepabonde kune zvinetso zvepabonde uye kuderedza kukwezva kune zvepabonde. The kutanga 7 zvidzidzo mune urongwa zvinoratidza causation, sezvo vatori vechikamu vakabvisa kushandiswa kwepabonde uye vakaporesa zvirwere zvepabonde zvisingaperi.
• Zvinonyadzisira zvinokonzerwa nehukama? Pamusoro peongororo makumi manomwe neshanu dzinoshandisa zvinonyadzisira dzinoshandisa kushoma kwepabonde uye kugutsikana kwehukama.
• Kushandisa zvinonyadzisira kunokanganisa utano hwepfungwa uye hwepfungwa here? Pamusoro peongororo makumi manomwe neshanu inoshandisa porn kushandisa kune varombo hwepfungwa-manzwiro hutano & hurombo hwekuziva zviitiko.
• Kushandisa zvinonyadzisira zvinokanganisa zvinotenda, maitiro uye maitiro? Pamusoro pe 40 zvidzidzo zvinobatanidza kushandisa zvinonyadzisira ne "hunhu husingaenzaniswi" kune vakadzi uye maonero ehupombwe.
• Pamusoro pezvidzidzo zveCNNX zvinowanikwa zvinowirirana nekuwedzera kwekushandisa zvinonyadzisira (kushivirira), kugara kune zvinonyadzisira, uye kunyange kubvisa zviratidzo (zviratidzo zvose nezviratidzo zvinobatanidzwa nekudhakwa).
• Debunking nheyo yekutaura isingatsigiswi inoti "chido chepabonde chakakwirira" inotsanangurira kubvisa zvinonyadzisira kana kukanganisa zvepabonde: Pamusoro peongororo makumi maviri neshanu dzinokanganisa kutaura kuti bonde & porn vanopindwa muropa "vanongova nehupombwe".