Musi wa 18th June 2018, vanyori veInternational Classification of Diseases, 11th Kudzokorora, shandisa hurukuro yekudhinda iyo ichizivisa kuti shanduro yekushandiswa kweCI-11 iri kuuya ikozvino paIndaneti. Yakaisanganisira Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder yekutanga (inosangana neshoko rekutanga).
- The Press release inogona kuonekwa panzvimbo ye WHO pano. Kuti zvive nyore, takazvinyora zvachose pasi.
- Iyo ICD-11 inodhindwa inotaura nezvekuwedzera kwemitambo sepfungwa yehutano hwepfungwa, uye kuti hutano hwemadzimai hunowanikwa sei zvino.
- Zvinodaro kwete kutaura chimwe chiitiko chitsva chokuongorora: "Kuita zvepabonde kuita zvepabonde"Iyo inowanikwa mu" Impulse control disorders ".
- The "Release Notes”Pasi pechimwe nechimwe chirwere chinosanganisira chirevo ichi: "Nhamba yekodhi yeCI-11 MMS yakasimba."
- Heino mhedziso yekupedzisira ye "Compulsive sex behavior disorder" kuongororwa:
kuongorora chirwere
Kuita zvekuita zvepabonde zvinokonzerwa nekuita zvepabonde [6C72], pakupedzisira inopa vashandi vezvehutano huripo, kuzviratidza kuoneka kwekusagona kudzora maitiro epabonde pasinei nemigumisiro yakaipa. Zvechokwadi kushandiswa kwemashoko matsva kunopararira kwose kwose, asi chinhu chinokosha ndechokuti nyanzvi dzehutano hwenyika dzakabvuma kuti kuita zvepabonde kuita zvepabonde kunofanirwa kuongororwa. Iyo izwi rakapararira remusarura rinogona kushandiswa kune ani naani anogadzirisa zvinotarisirwa. "Kuita zvepabonde kuita zvepabonde" kunowanzonzi "kutengesa zvepabonde kana hupombwe" maererano nenyanzvi yekuongorora inonzi Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH mu Current Psychiatry (February 2018: p.3). Iyo itsva CSBD kuongororwa inogona kushandiswawo kuongororodza avo vane yakaoma zvekuona zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandisa zviratidzo zvakabatana.
Zvinopfuura 80% yevanhu vane maitiro ekuita zvepabonde zvakamanikidzwa vanopupurira zvakanyanya kana zvinetso zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandiswa.
"Zvinetso zvekuona zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandiswa zvinogona kumiririra kuratidzwa kwakakurumbira kwehupombwe (zvinonziwo kuita zvebonde, kupindwa muropa nehupombwe kana kuita zvebonde zvakanyanya mumabhuku - Kafka, 2010; Karila et al., 2014; Wéry & Billieux, 2017) nekuti muzvidzidzo zvakati wandei. vanopfuura makumi masere muzana yevanhu vane hupombwe vakataura zvakawandisa / zvinonetsa kushandisa zvinonyadzisira (Kafka, 80; Reid et al., 2010) ”. (Bőthe et al. 2018: 2)
Diagnostic manuals sa WHO Kurongeka Kwepasi rose kwezvirwere (ICD-11) uye American Psychiatry Association Kuongororwa uye Statistical Manual yeMental Health (DSM-5) musati mava nemamiriro ezvinhu ehutano hwepfungwa se "Zvidhakwa" pane imwe. Vanosarudza "Dambudziko."
"Kuita zvepabonde zvepabonde" kuongororwa kunokonzerwa nemuenzaniso wekukundikana kudzora manzwiro, zvepabonde kana kukurudzira, zvichiita kuti munhu aite zvepabonde zvakare kwenguva yakareba (semuenzaniso, mwedzi 6 kana kupfuura).
Kuita CSBD kuongororwa
Vatsoropodzi vepakutanga vaishushikana kuti chero chirwere chepamutemo chingashandiswa kurapa vashoma pabonde uye dzimwe nzira dzepabonde. Nekudaro, kuzadzisa nzira dzekuongororwa dzeCSBD, hunhu hunonetsa hunofanirwa kukonzera kushushikana kwakanyanya kana kukanganisika kwakakura muhupenyu, hwemhuri, hwemagariro, dzidzo, basa, kana zvimwe zvakakosha zviitiko zvekushanda. Mune mamwe mazwi, iyo nyowani yekuongorora haina kuongorora varwere kubva pane chii tsika dzepabonde dzinopindira pachena. Inorwara varwere vanokonzerwa nekushaya simba nekushungurudzika. Kana maitiro epabonde, chero ipi zvayo inotora, haigumisiro zvakare, itsva yekuongorora inozoshanda.
Vamwe vatsoropodzi vakanyevera kuti CSBD kuongororwa kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa kufungidzirwa nevarwere vane unhu hwakanga husingaiti, chokwadi, kumanikidzira, uye kushungurudzika kwavo kwakakonzerwa nekugadzirisa mutemo nemurwere kana unyanzvi. Kuti zvive nemigumisiro yakadaro, hutsva hunoonekwa hunoti, "Kutambudzika kunowirirana zvachose nemitemo yehutsika uye kusavhiringidza pamusoro pezvido zvepabonde, kukurudzira, kana maitiro asina kukwana." Nemamwe mashoko, murwere anofanira kunge asingakwanisi kudzora mafungiro uye ave uchiita zvekuita zvepabonde unhu hwekuita zvakare hunova dambudziko.
Kuongorora Magwaro Nharo
Pakave nekukakavadzana kwakawanda mukufambisa kusvika pakubudiswa kwechirongwa chitsva mu ICD-11. Kunyunyuta kwehutano hwehutano hwehutano (hunonzi mukuita sa hypersexual disorder) hwaionekwa sekuiswa mu DSM-5 asi pakupedzisira hauna kubviswa. Maererano nehutungamiri hwemaurosiasayansi, "Kuregererwa uku kwave kuchidzivirira kudzivirira, kutsvakurudza, uye kurapa, uye akabva kumakiriniki pasina kuongororwa kwekunyengedzera kwehutano hwepabonde." (Potenza et al. 2017)
Kubva zvino, mutevedzeri wemubereki weSBBD kuongororwa iIspulse Control Disorders, iyo inosanganisira zvirwere zvakadai sePromromania [6C70], Kleptomania [6C71] uye Intermittent Explosive Disorder [6C73]. Asi kusahadzika kunoramba kuripo pamusoro pekakosha. Sezvo Yale neuroscientist Marc Potenza MD PhD naMateusz Gola PhD, muongorori wePolish Academy of Sciences neYunivhesiti yeCalifornia San Diego anoti, "Mazano anotevera ekugadzirisa chirwere cheSBB sechisimba chekudzivirira-gadzirisa chinokakavara semamwe maitiro akave yakarongedzwa ... Kune dingindiro inoratidza kuti CSB inogovera zvinhu zvakawanda nezvidhakwa. "(Kraus et al 2018)
Zvingave zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti ICD-11 inosanganisira kuongororwa kweGambling Disorder pasi peese Matambudziko nekuda kweAddictive Maitiro uye pasi peImpulse Control Disorders. Nekudaro, kupatsanurwa kwematambudziko hakufanirwe kugara kuchisanganisira (Bőthe et al. 2018: 2). Kurongwa kunogona zvakare kuchinja nenguva. Kubhejera Dambudziko pakutanga kwakarongerwa sechisimba chekushushikana mune zvese DSM-IV uye ICD-10, asi zvichibva pakufambira mberi mukunzwisisa kwesimba, Kubhejera Dambudziko kwave kuiswazve se "Dutu-Inoenderana uye Addictive Disorder" (DSM-5) uye "Dambudziko nekuda kweAddictive Maitiro" (ICD-11). Izvo zvinokwanisika kuti iyi nyowani CSBD kuongororwa ingateedzere yakafanana nzira yekuvandudza seGambling Disorder ine.
Zvisinei pasinei nekukurukurirana uku kwekufamba kwenguva, ikozvino kuiswa kweCSBD muIndaneti-11 kunopa kugamuchirwa uye kwakakosha kuziva kuti pane vanhu vanoda kubatsiridza kwekliniki inobudirira kuti vabatsire zviri nani kutaurirana maitiro avo epabonde nemigumisiro yaro. Ichagadzirisawo humwe hutsva hunotsvaga tsvakurudzo pamatambudziko ekuita zvepabonde.
"Zvingave zvakakosha kutarisa mashandiro anoita DSM neInternational Classification of Diseases (ICD) zvine chekuita netsananguro nedanho. Mukuita kudaro, isu tinofunga zvakakosha kuti titarise kubhejera kusagadzikana (inozivikanwawo sekubhejera kubhejera) uye nemabatiro ayakaitwa muDSM-IV uye DSM-5 (pamwe neICD-10 uye iri kuuya ICD-11). MuDSM-IV, kubhejera kwehutachiona kwakakamurwa se "Impulse-Control Disorder Is Not Elsewhere Classified." Muna DSM-5, yakaverengerwa se "Dutu-Inoenderana uye Addictive Dambudziko."…. "Maitiro akafanana anofanirwa kushandiswa kuCSB, iyo iri kutariswa kuverengerwa sekukanganisa-kudzora kusagadzikana muICD-11 (Grant et al., 2014; Kraus et al., 2018) ". Izvi zvinyorwa zvinotorwa kubva Gola naPotenza 2018.
mabatiro
Mukumuka kwe World Health Organization (WHO) inoratidzira mitambo yekutamba uye CSBD sehutano hwepfungwa, a report in the muchengeti bepanhau rakataura kuti chipatara cheLondon chiri kugadzirira kuvhura yekutanga inogara yeNational Health Service-yakabhadharwa internet kupindwa muropa kwevechidiki nevakuru. Zvepabonde varapi kumwe kunhu vakaona kuwedzera kwevechidiki vatengi vari kumanikidza kushandisa kufambidzana maapplication uye epamhepo mitezo makamuri, uye kutambura hutano hwepfungwa nenyaya semhedzisiro.
Maererano naMateusz Gola PhD, muongorori wePolish Academy of Sciences uye paYunivhesiti yeCalifornia San Diego, shanduko itsva yeCSBD ine zvimwe zvinobatsirawo. "Inobudisa pachena zvakajeka zvirwere. Uyezve, makiriniki epfungwa uye masayendisiti mukurovedza zvino vachadzidza chirwere chacho. Pasina chirongwa cheSBB chekuongororwa, vanachiremba vakawanda vakanga vasina ruzivo pamusoro pekunyadzisa nyaya dzepabonde. Pakupedzisira, izvi zvinowanikwawo zvinogona kupawo vamwe varwere kuwana rubatsiro rwekuchengetedzwa kweinishuwarenzi. "Gola akawedzera kuti, iyo itsva yekuongorora," haigadziri dambudziko rekurapa CSBD zvinobudirira, asi inobvumira zvidzidzo zvisingagumi, zvinogona kutungamirira ku zvigadziriswa, zvinotendeseka. "
Kuwedzera Kuwanika Kwevarwere
Shane W. Kraus, Ph.D. Mubatsiri Purofesa wePsychiatry uye Director weBehavioral Addictions Clinic paEdith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital, University of Massachusetts Medical School yakati maererano nechikamu chitsva chekuongorora: "Iri idanho rekutanga rakanaka. Kuiswa kweCSBD muICD-11 kungangowedzera mukana wekutarisira varwere (pasirese uye mukati meUS). Uye zvakare, kuiswa kwacho kwaizowedzerawo mari yekutsvagisa iyo yakagara yakanangidzirwa pakuongororwa kwehutano hwepfungwa. Pamusoro pezvo, ndinofunga zvaizodzikisira vanhu vane dambudziko iri uye zvinowedzera dzidziso pamusoro penyaya iyi. ”
Kudzidzisa Utano Vevashandi
Chimwe chinangwa chekupedzisira kweCI-11 kubudiswa ndechokubvumira nyika kudzidzisa vashandi vehutano pamabhuku ekuongorora. Vatsvakurudzi vakakurudzirawo kuti vanachiremba nevadzidzisi vadzidzisi vadzidziswa uye vanzwisise zviri nani kuita zvepabonde maitiro:
“Zvakakoshawo kuti vanopa rubatsiro (kureva, varapi uye vanachipangamazano) kubva kwavari vanogona kutsvaga rubatsiro vanoziva maCSB. Munguva yezvidzidzo zvedu zvinosanganisira zvinopfuura zviuru zvitatu zvidzidzo zvinotsvaga kurapwa kweCSB, takagara tichinzwa kuti vanhu vanotambura neCSB vanosangana nezvipingamupinyi zvakawanda panguva yekutsvaga kwavo rubatsiro kana kusangana nevanachiremba (Dhuffar & Griffiths, 2016). Varwere vanorondedzera kuti vanachiremba vanogona kudzivisa hurukuro, vataure kuti zvinetso zvakadaro hazvipo, kana kuti zvinoratidza kuti munhu ane hutano hwepamusoro hwepabonde, uye anofanira kuzvigamuchira panzvimbo yekurapa (kunyange zvakadaro kune avo vanhu, maSBB anganzwa sego-dystonic uye achitungamirira kune mimwe migumisiro yakaipa). Tinotenda kuti zvirevo zvakanatsanangurwa zveSBB chirwere zvinokurudzira kushanda kwekudzidzisa kusanganisira kukura kwezvirongwa zvekudzidzisa maitiro ekuongorora nekubata vanhu vane zviratidzo zveSBB disorder. Tinotarisira kuti zvirongwa zvakadaro zvichava chikamu chekurovedzwa kwechipatara kune vepfungwa, masayendisiti, uye vamwe vanopa utano hwehutano hwepfungwa, pamwe chete navamwe vatarisiri vekutarisira kusanganisira vadzidzisi vekuchengetedza, sekuda vanachiremba vese. "(Kraus et al 2018)
The Reward Foundation
The Reward Foundation chipo chekupayona chinodzidzisa chinoita kuti sainzi yebonde uye rudo iwanikwe kune vakawanda vateereri. Isu tinotarisa pane zvinoitika zveinternet zvinonyadzisira kune vachiri kuyaruka nevakuru vechidiki. Isu takave takagamuchirwa neRoyal College yeGeneral Practitioners muLondon kumhanyisa 1-zuva mashopu evanyanzvi pamhedzisiro yeinternet zvinonyadzisira pahutano hwepfungwa uye hwepanyama. Izvi zvinotsigira zvinangwa zveWorld Health Organisation iyo kuburitswa kwepepanhau pazasi inosimbisa kukosha kwekudzidziswa pakati pevashandi. Isu tinodzidzisawo muzvikoro uye tichave tichipa zvidzidzo zvehurongwa uye kudzidziswa kwevadzidzisi kupera kwegore rino. Isu tinopa masevhisi ekubvunza kumasangano anoshuvira kuvaka porn-kukuvadza zvirongwa zvekuzivisa
Nokuda kwekubvunzurudzwa kana mamwe mashoko aripo kusanganisira mavhidhiyo akazara ezvinyorwa zvataurwa, tapota taura [email inodzivirirwa].
FOOTNOTE
Rugwaro rwakakwana rwe ICD-11 Press Release.
WHO inodzinga Nhamba Dzepasi Pose Yezvirwere (ICD 11) 18 June 2018 News Release Geneva
IWorld Health Organization (WHO) nhasi inosunungura Itsva Yacho Yenyika Dzose yezvirwere (ICD-11).
Iyo ICD ndiyo hwaro hwekutsanangudza mafambiro ehutano uye huwandu pasirese, uye ine makomberedza makumi mashanu nemakumi mashanu nemashanu emakodhi akasarudzika ekukuvara, zvirwere uye zvikonzero zvekufa. Inopa mutauro wakajairika unobvumidza vashandi vezvehutano kugovana ruzivo rwehutano kupasi rese.
"ICD yakave chibereko icho WHO inonyanya kuzvikudza," anodaro Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General. "Zvinoita kuti tikwanise kunzwisisa zvakawanda pamusoro pezvinoita kuti vanhu varware uye vafe, uye kuti vatore matanho ekudzivirira kutambura nekuponesa upenyu."
ICD-11, iyo yave neanopfuura makore gumi mukugadzira, inopa kwakanyanya kuvandudzwa pane shanduro dzekare. Kekutanga, iyo izere zvemagetsi uye ine yakawanda mushandisi-inoshamwaridzika fomati. Uye kwave nekuitika kusati kwamboitika kwevashandi vehutano avo vakapinda misangano yekudyidzana uye vakapa zvirevo. Chikwata cheICD chiri kumuzinda weWHO chakagamuchira pamusoro pezviuru gumi zvechirongwa chekudzokororwa.
ICD-11 ichaendeswa kuWorld Health Assembly muna May 2019 yekugamuchirwa neZviNhengo dzeMatunhu, uye inotanga kushanda pana 1 January 2022. Iyi kusunungurwa inofanirwa kutarisa izvo zvichabvumira nyika kuronga nzira yekushandisa shanduro itsva, kugadzirira shanduro, uye kudzidzisa vashandi vehutano munyika yose.
ICI inoshandiswawo nehutano hwezvehutano avo vanobhadhara zvinotsigirwa nekodhi yekodhi; vatungamiri vemitemo yehutano yenyika nyanzvi yekuunganidza deta; uye vamwe vanoona kufambira mberi kwehutano hwepasi pose uye vanoona kugoverwa kwehutano huripo.
Ichitsva ICD-11 inoratidzawo kufambira mberi mune zvemishonga uye kubudirira mune zvesayenzi. Semuenzaniso, nheyo dzine chokuita neantimicrobial resistance dzinowirirana zvakakwana neHome Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS). ICD-11 inokwanisawo kutora zviri nani nezvekuchengetedzwa kwehutano hwehutano, izvo zvinoreva kuti zviitiko zvisingakoshi zvinogona kukanganisa utano - zvakadai semabasa asina kuchengetedzeka muzvipatara - zvinogona kuonekwa uye kuderedzwa.
II ICD itsva inosanganisira zvitsauko zvitsva, imwe pamishonga yemagariro: kunyange mamiriyoni evanhu anoshandisa mushonga wemagariro munyika yose, haina kumbove yakarongedzwa mumamiriro ezvinhu aya. Chimwe chitsauko chitsva pamusoro pehutano hwepabonde chinounganidza mamiriro ezvinhu akambove akaiswa mune dzimwe nzira (semuenzaniso kusagadzirisa zvepabonde kwakaiswa pasi pehutano hwepfungwa) kana kurondedzerwa zvakasiyana. Gadziriro yehutachiwana yakawedzerwa kune chikamu pane zvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa nemishonga.
"Chinhu chinokosha pakugadziriswa uku ndechekuita kuti zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvigadziriswe uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi - izvi zvichaita kuti vashandi vezvehutano vashandise zvive nyore uye zvakanyatsorembera mamiriro ezvinhu," anodaro Dr. Robert Jakob, Team Leader, Kurongeka Kwemashoko uye Maitiro, WHO.
Dr Lubna Alansari, Mutevedzeri Mukuru weHIV yeHoan Metrics uye Measurement, anoti: "ICD ibwe rekona remashoko ezvehutano uye ICD-11 ichapa maonero anoonekwa nemaitiro ezvirwere."
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