COMMENTS: ichi itsva kudzidza (abstract pazasi) iri kutaurwa se "kukundikana kudzokororwa" kweyakanyanya kutaurwa 1989 kuyedza, nokudaro zvichiratidza kuti kushandiswa kwepabonde hakuna zvakunobatsira kuhukama hwepedyo.
Chokutanga, hazvina musoro kutaura kuti zvidzidzo zvekuongorora zvinogona kuratidza kana kuona zvinonyadzisira zvechokwadi zvikonzero kushamwaridzana kusina kunaka. "Ongororo apo vana vakuru vekoroji vanoona vashomanana Playboy centerfolds (semuongorori) haagoni kukuudza chinhu pamusoro pemigumisiro yemurume wako kuita bonyora kune zvakaoma-core mavhidhiyo clips zuva rimwe nerimwe kwemakore pamagumo.
Muzvokwadi, chidzidzo chega chega chinobatanidza varume chakataura kuti zvimwe kushandiswa kwepabonde kunosanganiswa murombo zvepabonde kana ukama kugutsikana. Muzvose, pane 70 zvidzidzo zvinosanganisira zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandiswa pakuita zvepabonde zvishoma uye kugutsikana kweukama. Paya idzi 70 zvidzidzo zvidzidzo 8 ndezvidzidzo zvemazuva ekupedzisira izvo zvinotarisa kune zvimwe zvidzidzo kana zvidzidzo apo zvidzidzo zvinorega kubva kune zvinonyadzisira. Kusvika pakatarisana nemakore manomwe ekukurukura kwehukama zvakabudiswa izvo zvinoratidzira mhedzisiro yehupenyu hwehupenyu hunoshandiswa huripo. zvose yakashuma kuti kushandiswa kwepabonde kunobatanidza ukama hwakashata / zviito zvepabonde:
- Vana Vachiri Kuyaruka 'Kutaura Nezvepabonde paIndaneti Mashoko uye Kugutsikana Zvepabonde: Chidzidzo Chenguva Yakare (2009).
- Rudo Rusingagumi: Kuona zvinonyadzisira Kushandiswa uye Kuzvipira Kuzvipira Kumunhu Anoda Kukurukura (2012).
- Kuona zvinonyadzisira paIndaneti uye ukama hwehukama: Kuongorora kwenguva yakareba mukati uye pakati pevamwe migumisiro yekugadzirisa, kugutsikana kwepabonde uye zvepabonde zvakananga zvepabonde mukati mutsva-weds (2015).
- Kusvikira Zvinotitadzisa Zvinoita Chikamu? Mazuva Ekupedzisira Maitiro Ezvinhu Zvinonyadzisira Shandisai kuD Divorce, (2016).
- Kuona Zvinonyadzisira Kunokonesa Unhu Hwomuchato Penguva Here? Uchapupu kubva ku Longitudinal Data (2016).
- Izvo Zvinonyadzisira Zvinoshandisa Vazhinji Zvichida Kuziva Kuda Kurambana? Uchapupu kubva ku Longitudinal Data (2017).
- Zvinonyadzisira Zvinoshandisa uye Imba Yakaparadzana: Uchapupu kubva kune Two-Wave Panel Data (2017).
Kuenda kuchikwata cheC2017 uye zvigadziriswa zvayo zviri nyore: Kufambidzana nekuderera kunoderedza kukwezva uye rudo rwevamwe varume vane rudo pakati pevarume here? Kuzvidzivirira kuzvimiririra kwaKenrick, Gutierres, uye Goldberg (1989).
Chirongwa che2017 chakaedza kuverengera a 1989 kudzidza izvo zvakafumura varume nevakadzi muhukama hwakazvipira kumifananidzo inokwezva yevakomana kana vasikana. Chidzidzo che1989 chakawana kuti varume vakafumurwa kune vasina kupfeka Playboy midziyo yepamusoro yakaratidza vavakidzani vavo sevashoma kudarika uye yakashuma kudanana kwevamwe vavo. Sezvo zvitsva zve 2017 zvakakundikana kudzokorora zvitsva zve 1989, tinoudzwa kuti chidzidzo che1989 chakawana chakaipa, uye kuti kushandiswa kwepabonde hakugone kuderedza rudo kana chido. Whoa! Kwete nekukurumidza.
Kudzokorora kwacho "kwakundikana" nekuti tsika yedu yetsika yave "kunyadziswa." Vatsvakurudzi ve2017 havana kutora vadzidzi vepakoreji ve1989 avo vakakurira vachiona MTV mushure mechikoro. Panzvimbo pezvo vatongi vavo vakakurira vachivhura PornHub ye gang bang uye orgy mavhidhiyo.
Mu 1989 vangani vadzidzi vekukoloni vakanga vaona vhidhiyo ye X? Kwete zvakawanda. Vangani vechikoro veCKNUMX vekukorosi vakapedza maitiro ose echinyorwa, kubvira pakuyaruka, kubata masturbating kune dzakawanda zvakaoma-mhemberero mutsara? Hapana. Chikonzero chezviitiko zve 1989 zvakajeka: kutsvaira kwenguva pfupi kuchifananidzo chema Playboy Centralfold is a big yawn ikaringana nevarume vekoroji mu2017 vave vakatarisa kwemakore. Kunyange vanyori akabvuma kusiyana kwekuzvarwa nevana vavo vekutanga:
1) Kutanga, zvakakosha kuratidza kuti chidzidzo chepakutanga chakabudiswa mu 1989. Panguva iyoyo, kuiswa kune zvigaro zvepabonde zvingave zvisina kuwanikwa, asi nhasi, kutarisana nemifananidzo isina kusimba yakanyanya kupararira, uye nokudaro kuonekwa kune imwe nzvimbo isina kusimba inogona kunge isina kukwana kujekesa mamiriro ekutanga akataurwa. Nokudaro, zvigumisiro zvekudzidzira zvekudzoka kwezvino zvingasiyana nekudzidza kwepakutanga nekuda kwekusiyana kwekutsvaga, kuwanika, uye kunyange kugamuchirwa kwekodzero zvino kusvika zvino.
Mune imwe nguva isingadikanwi yekutsvaga kusina kukodzera kunyange David Ley akanzwa achimanikidzirwa kuti aratidze pachena:
Kungave kuti tsika, varume, uye zvebonde zvachinja zvakanyanya kubva muna 1989. Vashoma varume vakuru mazuva ano havana kuona zvinonyadzisira kana vakadzi vasina kupfeka - kushama uye kuita zvepabonde zvakajairika zvakajairika munhau dzakakurumbira, kubva Game of Zvigaro zvoumambo kunyorera zvinonhuwira, uye mumatunhu mazhinji, vakadzi vanobvumidzwa kuenda vasina shangu. Saka zvinokwanisika kuti varume muchidzidzo chenguva ichangopfuura vakadzidza kubatanidza kushama nehupombwe zvavanoona mu porn uye midhiya ezuva nezuva nenzira isingakanganise kukwezva kwavo kana rudo kune vavanodanana navo. Zvichida varume vari muchidzidzo che1989 vanga vasina kunyatsooneswa bonde, kushama, uye zvinonyadzisira.
Ramba uchiyeuka kuti kuedza uku hakurevi kuti internet porn inoshandisa haana kukanganiswa kwevarume vakavhiringidza kune vadikani vavo. Zvinongoreva kuti kutarisa pa "centerfolds" hazvibatsiri pakarepo mazuva ano. Varume vazhinji vanotaura zvekare inowedzera mukukwezva kune varoorana mushure mokusiya mifananidzo yepaIndaneti. Uye, zvechokwadi, kunewo uchapupu hwerefu hunotaurwa pamusoro apa kuratidzira zvinokanganisa zvinokonzerwa nekuona zvinonyadzisira pahukama.
Pakupedzisira, zvakakosha kuziva kuti vanyori vepa pepa vanoshanda pamwe chete naCharles Kohut paYunivhesiti yeWestern Ontario. Iri boka revanotsvakurudza, rakatungamirirwa naWilliam Fisher, rave richibudisa zvidzidzo zvinonetsa, izvo zvinoramba zvichitora zvigadziriswa zvinowanikwa pasi pano kuti zvidzivirire mabhuku akawanda anobatanidza kushandiswa kwepabonde kune zvinowanzoitika zvakaipa. Uyezve, vose VaKohu naFisher vakabata basa guru mukukundwa kwe Motion 47 muCanada.
Pano pane zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi kubva kuKohut, Fisher uye vashandi veWestern Ontario vakawana zvinyorwa zvakapararira uye zvinonyengera:
Mukudzidza kwavo kwa2017, Kohut, Fisher naCampbell vanoita kunge vakanyengedza muyenzaniso kuti vabudise zvavakange vachitsvaga. Ipo zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvichiratidza kuti vashoma vashoma vevashandisi vevashandisi vevakadzi vanoshandisa porn, mune ino ongororo 95% yevakadzi vakashandisa porn vega (85% yevakadzi vakamboshandisa porn kubvira kutanga kwehukama). Idzo mwero dzakakwirira kupfuura mumakoreji-akura varume, uye akakwirira zvakanyanya kupfuura mune chero imwe ongororo yepabonde! Mune mamwe mazwi, vaongorori vanoita kunge vakanyengedza sampuro yavo kuti vabudise zvavakange vachitsvaga. Chokwadi: Muchinjikwa-chikamu data kubva kuongororo hombe yeUS (General Social Survey) yakashuma kuti chete 2.6% yevakadzi vakashanyira "webhusaiti ye porno" mumwedzi wapfuura.
Uye zvakare, kudzidza kwaKohut kwakabvunza chete "yakavhurika kupera" mibvunzo uko zvidzidzo zvaigona kukwikwidza pamusoro pe porn. Vatsvakurudzi vakaverenga zvimisikidzo uye vakasarudza, mushure meizvozvo, mhinduro dzipi dzaive "dzakakosha" (kukodzera rondedzero yavo yavanoda?). Mune mamwe mazwi, chidzidzo hachina kuwiriranisa kushandiswa kwepabonde nechinangwa chero chipi zvacho, ongororo yesainzi yekuchinja pabonde kana kugutsikana kwehukama (sezvakaita iyo zvinenge zvichitsvaga 60 zviratidzo zvinoratidza kushandiswa kwezvinonyadzisira mukubatana nemigumisiro yakaipa pahukama). Zvose zvakataurwa mupepa racho zvakabatanidzwa (kana kusabatanidzwa) kuuchenjeri husingatauri hwevanyori.
Taylor Kohut vanyori vakabatana egalitarianism (1) Chiratidzo chevakadzi, (2) Vakadzi vane nzvimbo dzesimba, (3) Kutenda kuti hupenyu hwemhuri hunotambudzwa apo mukadzi ane basa renguva yakazara, uye asinganzwisisiki (4) Kubata zvakawanda mafungire asina kunaka nezvemhuri yemitemo. Munharaunda, iyo inowanzova yakasununguka, iri kure huwandu hwehutano hwekushandisa zvinonyadzisira kudarika zvekunamata. Nokusarudza izvi zvinotarisirwa uye kusazvidza mimwe mitauro isingagumi, munyori wekutungamira Kohut uye vanyori vake vanyori vaiziva kuti vaizoguma nevanoshandisa zvinonyadzisira vachikwirira pamusoro pechidzidzo ichi zvakanyatsosarudzwa kusarudzwa kwezvinoreva "egalitarianism."Ipapo vanyori vakasarudza zita raakatsvaga. Muzvokwadi, izvi zvitsva zvinopesana neanenge humwe humwe humwe hutsvakidziro hwakabudiswa. (Ona urongwa urwu rwemashure e25 hunobatanidza zvinonyadzisira kunoshandiswa pakufunga zvepabonde, zvinoshandiswa uye zvishoma egalitarianism.)
Cherechedza: Iyi mharidzo ye2018 inotsanangurira chokwadi kubva kumashure e5 asinganzwisisiki uye anotsausa, kusanganisira zvidzidzo zviviri zvataurwa chete: Ukutsvaga Zvinonyadzisira: Chokwadi kana Nhema?
Leonhardt et al., 2019 kero mapepa
ZVAKAITIKA: Mu 2018 iyo Archives of Sexual Behavior rakabudiswa Leonhardt et al., 2018 ndokubvunza for expression. Kuzivisa izvo zvakapambwa zviri kuitika mumapepanhau ezvepabonde, 4 yeavo 6 vatauri vaive na RealYBOP "nyanzvi" Samuel Perry, Taylor Kohut, Nicole Prause & David Ley (kana Ley kana Prause inyanzvi, uye Ley haana kuburitsa kutsvagisa kwepakutanga). (RealYBOP iri kuyedza kunyaradza kushoropodza kweYBOP nekuba chiratidzo cheYBOP.)
RealYBOP uye nyanzvi dzayo dziri kushingairira kusimudzira chirongwa cheindasitiri ye porno (Ley aripo yakabhadharwa ne xHamster. Mukuedza kukwezva zvinonyadzisira uye kuvhiringidza ruzhinji, ivo vanorondedzera zvisingatauri mapepa akabuda muchero akadaro Balzarini et al., 2017 - sezvakaitwa naNicole Prause mune yake isinganzwisisike chirevo
In 2019, Leonhardt et al. Inopindura mhinduro dzese nhanhatu na "Zvepabonde Midhiya uye Zvepabonde Hunhu: Zvinangwa, Kusiyana, uye Reflexivity-Kupindura Kune Vakataura (2019).”Heinoi (akasiiwa pasi, asi akanyatso kutsoropodza) anotaurwa nevanyori Balzarini et al., 2017 uye Prause's yakajairwa tsika yekunyanyisa cherry-kunhonga:
Prause (2019) yakaratidza zvidzidzo zvinoverengeka zvichiratidza kusava nechokwadi nezvekuti kushandiswa kwenhau mune zvepabonde kuri, kwakabatana nezvinetso zverefu-refu mhinduro. Imwe yedzidzo dzinoverengeka Prause akafarira Balzarini, Dobson, Chin, uye Campbell's (2017) kutadza kudzokorora chidzidzo chekare (Kenrick, Gutierrez, & Goldberg, 1989). Mukuedza kwekudzokorora, pamatanho akati wandei akasimba-akasimba, ivo vakaona kuti kutarisa erotica hakuna kutungamira kune varume vanotaura kukwezva kwakaderera kana rudo kune mumwe wavo. Tsvagiridzo iyi iri pamusoro pehunhu, kunyangwe inosanganisira zviyero zvakakosha. Ichi chidzidzo chakapa humbowo hwekuti avo vaiona gumi nematanhatu vasina kupfeka pakati pepakati kwemasekondi gumi neshanu havana kukonzera mumwe munhu kuti ataure kuderera kwekukwezva kana kuda mumwe wako. Isu tinotenda izvi zvinogona kugariswa mukutaura kwedu kuti kazhinji simba rezvepabonde rinonyengera uye rakaoma kuona kunze kwekunge kuverenga kwehuwandu hwekushandisa (semuenzaniso, Wright et al., 16, 15), uye / kana musanganiswa wevaverengera mamamerita. izvo zvinokonzeresa kukwidziridzwa kwemanyorerwo (Leonhardt et al., 2018.
Mukupesana, Vandenbosch (2018) akataura zvidzidzo zvinoverengeka mukutsigira chirevo chedu chepakati chekuti kushandisa vezvenhau pabonde kazhinji hakuenderane nekutevera hunhu hwepabonde kwenguva refu. Isu tinowedzera kuti dzinoverengeka zvidzidzo zvekuwedzera nenzira dzakasiyana (semuenzaniso, kuenderana kwenguva refu, kucherechedza, kuyedza) zvinoita sekutsigira kwedu kwepakati, sezvo zvidzidzo zvakanangana nekushandisa zvinonyadzisira zvakazvibatanidza nekuzvipira kwakaderera (Lambert, Negash, Stillman, Olmstead, & Fincham, 2012) uye kudzikira kunonoka kudzikisira (kureva, kudzikisira muhombe, gare gare mibairo mukufarira idiki, mimwe mibayiro inokurumidza; Negash, Sheppard, Lambert, & Fincham, 2016). Meta-ongororo yazvino yaonawo kuti zvinonyadzisira zvinoshandiswa zvine chekuita nebonde repamusoro (Tokunaga et al., 2019). Izvi zvidzidzo hazvifanire kutorwa sehumwe humbowo hwekuti midhiya yebonde haina kukodzera nehurefu hwepabonde kwenguva refu nekuti zvakare vane matambudziko emagetsi atanga tichikurukura kwenguva refu, asi anowedzera kuvimba mune zvatinotaura.
ngovepo
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2016.11.003
Muchidimbu
- Zvitatu zvekare zvakanyorwa, zvakanyanyiswa-zvakakosha zveKenrick et al. (1989)
- Varume nevakadzi vakaratidzirwa vakazvipira hukama kune vakomana nevasikana
- Mushure mekutsvaga kuongororwa kuongororwa maitiro ekukwezva uye rudo kune mumwe wako
- Migumisiro yezvidzidzo zvepakutanga uye zvekudzorera zvakaitwa meta-kuongororwa
- Pakati pese zvidzidzo zvitatu hatina kuwana rubatsiro rwekutsvaga kwekutanga.
Kenrick, Gutierres, naGoldberg (1989; Chidzidzo 2) yakaratidza kuti varume, asi kwete vakadzi, muhukama hwakazvipira hwakafumurwa kumifananidzo inokwezva yevanhurume nevanhukadzi vamwe vakataura zviyero zvakaderera zvehukama hweumwe wavo (d = 0.91) uye zvishoma rudo kune mumwe wavo (d = 0.69) kupfuura varume vakaratidzwa mifananidzo yezvinhu zvisingawanikwe. Tsvagurudzo iyi ine zvirevo zvekunzwisisa zvingangoitika mhedzisiro kune varume muhukama, asi haina kudzokororwa. Takaita matatu akanyoreswa, akakwenenzverwa-epedyo ekutsiva, uye meta-yakaongorora mhedzisiro yezvidzidzo zvekutanga uye zvekudzokorora. Isu hatina kuwana rutsigiro rwepakutanga kuwana kuti kuratidzwa kwemifananidzo inokwezva yevakomana-pabonde vamwe kunokanganisa kuyerwa kwevanhurume nezve kwavo kukwezva pabonde kwevamwe vavo kana rudo kune mumwe wavo.
Mashoko: Keyfolds; Erotica; Kushamwaridzana nevamwe; Rudo; Kudzokorora; Reproducibility
☆ Tsvakurudzo iyi yakatsigirwa nechipo chakapiwa kuna Lorne Campbell na ZveSainzi Zvemagariro uye Hunhu Kutsvagurudza Council of Canada [kupa nhamba 122848].
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