Xaqiijinta Adkeysiga Awoodda Murugada Hoos Yimaada, Ka ilaaliyaa jiirarka walaaca
Bartilmaameedsiga Iskuduwaha Gene ee Xisaabta Maskaxda ee loo Adeegsaday Daaweynta
Saynisyahannadu waxay ogaadeen hab ka caawiya inay ku macneeyaan adkaysiga walaaca, u nuglaanta niyad-jabka iyo sida ay u shaqeeyaan dawooyinka lidka diiqadda. Natiijooyinka cusub, ee ku saabsan wareegga jiirka iyo maskaxda, ayaa kiciyay jiidis farsamo sare oo loogu talagalay walxaha kor u qaadaya ficil-maamulaha guud ee hiddaha halkaas, oo loo yaqaan deltaFosB.
Beddelka awoodda ugu muhiimsan ee molecular - oo loo yaqaan 'transcript factor' - gudaha neur-mareenka, deltaFosB waxay leexisaa hiddo-wadayaal badan oo dami ah, oo kicisa soo saarista borotiinnada sameeya howlaha unugyada.
“Waxaan ogaanay in kicinta deltaFosB ee aagga wareegga abaalmarinta ay labadaba lagama maarmaan u yihiin kuna filan tahay adkeysi; waxay ka ilaalisaa jiirka inay ku dhacdo murugo u eg cillad cillad bulsheed oo joogto ah, ”ayuu sharaxay Eric Nestler, MD, oo ka tirsan Mount Sinai School of Medicine, oo hogaaminayey kooxda cilmi baarista, oo ay maalgeliyeen Machadka Qaranka ee Caafimaadka Caafimaadka Maskaxda. (NIMH).
“Dawooyinka lidka ku ah diiqadda ayaa wax ka beddeli kara cilladan bulsheed ee ka-noqoshada bulshada iyadoo la xoojinayo Delta Delta Intaa waxaa sii dheer, deltaFosB waxaa si muuqata u yaraaday maskaxda dadka ku dhacay niyadjabka. Marka, soo-saarista borotiinkan waa la-qabsi wanaagsan oo naga caawinaya inaan la qabsanno walaaca, sidaa darteed waxaan rajeyneynaa inaan helno qaabab aan ugu beddeli karno farmasiga, ”ayuu raaciyay Nestler, oo sidoo kale haga mashruuca baaritaanka xarunta ee socda
Nestler iyo asxaabtiisuba waxay soo sheegaan natiijooyinka dhiirrigeliyay ugaarsiga qadka intarnetka ee May 16, 2010 joornaalka Nature Neuroscience.
Baadhitaankan loogu jiro meco yar yar (http://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=7821642&icde=3502192) in kor loogu qaado ficilada deltaFosB oo leh ballanqaad horumarineed ee heer cusub oo ah bogsiyo adkeyn-kor u qaadista daaweynta niyadjabka (http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression/index.shtml), ”Ayuu yiri agaasimaha NIMH Thomas R. Insel. "Mashruuca, waxaa lagu maalgeliyey Sharciga Soo-kabashada iyo Dib-u-maalgashiga Mareykanka ee 2009 (http://www.nimh.nih.gov/about/director/2009/nimh-and-the-recovery-act.shtml), waa tusaale cajaa'ib leh oo ku saabsan sida hogaaminta tijaabooyinka jiirka si dhakhso leh loola socon karo loona tarjumi karo codsiyo caafimaad oo suurtagal ah. ”
DeltaFosB waxay aad ugu firfircoon tahay goobta abaalmarinta, oo loo yaqaanno unugyada qanjiraha (eeg jaantuska hoose), kana badan qaybaha kale ee maskaxda. Isticmaalka joogtada ah ee daroogada ee xadgudubka - ama abaalmarinada dabiiciga ah (http://locatorplus.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?DB=local&v2=1&ti=1,1&Search_Arg=101507191&Search_Code=0359&CNT=20&SID=1) sida cunnooyinka xad-dhaafka ah, galmada ama jimicsiga - waxay si tartiib tartiib ah u soo jiidan karaan heerar sii kordhaya ee qaybtan transcript-ka ee xarunta abaalmarinta. Nestler iyo asxaabtu waxay muujiyeen in kororka deltaFosB aakhirka u horseedi karo isbeddelo waara oo unugyada ah taasoo kordhisa jawaabaha abaalmarinta ee kicintaas oo kale, afduubka shaqsiga abaalmarinta wareegga abaalgudka - balwadda.
Daraasadda cusub ee jiirka iyo maskaxda ka dib dhimashada bini'aadamka waxay xaqiijineysaa in isla abaalgudka isku midka ah uu sidoo kale musuqmaasuq yahay (in kastoo uu yahay heer ka hooseeya kuwa daroogada si xun loo isticmaalo) niyadjabka iyada oo loo marayo saameynta walaaca ee deltaFosB.
Bukaannada niyad-jabsan ayaa had iyo jeer aan lahayn dhiirigelin iyo karti ay ku helaan abaalmarin ama raaxo - iyo niyad-jabka iyo balwadda ayaa had iyo jeer isku xidhan. Runtii, jiirarka u nugul xanuunka diiqadda-sida syndrome waxay muujinayaan jawaabayaal la xoojiyay ee daroogada xadgudubka, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay ogaadeen.
Laakiin isku ekaanshaha halkaas ayuu ku dhammaanayaa. Wixii, halka kor u kaca ee deltaFosB uu dhiirrigelinayo qabatinka, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay go'aansadeen inay sidoo kale ka hortageyso diiqadda-walaaca fekerka. Waxay soo baxday in walbahaarka uu kicinayo saamaynta isugeynta ee noocyo kale duwan oo nudaha unugyada Nucleus-ka - iyagoo ka shaqeynaya noocyo kaladuwan oo kaladuwan - marka loo eego daroogada iyo abaalmarinada dabiiciga ah, oo ay u badan tahay inay la xisaabtamaan dhibaatooyinka ka soo horjeedda.
Baarayaasha waxaay ka baaraandegeen shaqooyinka deltaFosB qaab muusig ah oo niyad jab ah (http://www.nimh.nih.gov/science-news/2006/mice-lacking-social-memory-molecule-take-bullying-in-stride.shtml). In kasta oo bukaannada niyad jabsan ay si caadi ah uga baxaan xiriirkooda bulsheed, jiirarku waxay u nugul yihiin xanaaq fara badan oo maalinba maalinta ka dambaysa ka dhaca 10 maalmo badanaaba waa la jebiyaa bulshada; waxay si taxaddar leh uga fogaadaan jiirarka kale, xitaa toddobaadyo ka dib.
Waxyaabaha muhiimka ah ee ka soo baxa natiijooyinka abaalmarinta maskaxda:
- Qaddarka 'deltaFosB' ee uu kicinayo walaaca walaacsan ee nuglaanta ama adkeysiga abuurista dabeecadaha niyad-jabka ah. Waxay ka hortagtay damaca xoogan ee lagu barto urur, ama guud ahaan, waaya aragnimada u weecinta dhammaan jiirarka.
- Induction of deltaFosB ayaa looga baahday dawada loo yaqaan 'antidepressant fluoxetine' (Prozac) si loo weeciyo walaaca culeyska diiqadda-sida.
- Go'doomin dheer oo laga dhex helayo dhiiri gelinta bey'ada ee hoos udhaca 'deltaFosB', kordhinta u nuglaanta u nuglaanta dabeecadaha.
- Qaar ka mid ah hiddo-wadayaasha la bartilmaameedsaday ee deltaFosB, hiddo-sameeye sameeya borotiin loo yaqaan 'AMPA receptor' ayaa muhiim u ah adkeysiga - ama ka ilaaliya jiirarka xanuunka 'niyad-jabka'. Soo-dhoweynta AMPA waa borotiin ku saabsan neerfayaasha kor u qaada waxqabadka unugga markay ku xiran tahay glutamate-ka farriinta kiimikada.
- Hawlaha kororka neerfayaasha ee neurons-ka waxaa sababay dareen feejignaan sare leh oo qaatayaasha AMPA si ay ugu badato u nuglaanta nuglaanta walaaca fekerka ee walaaca leh.
- Soo-saarista deltaFosB waxay dejisay neerfayaasha waxayna ka ilaalisay niyad-jabka adoo xakameynaya xasaasiyadeeyayaasha AMPA ee xasaasiyadda glutamate.
- Maskaxda maskaxda ee dhimashada kadib ee bukaannada niyad-jabsan waxay ka koobnaayeen kalabar nus nus ka mid ah kontaroolada, taasoo soo jeedineysa in jawaabta liidata ee daaweynta murugada laga yaabo in la raadsan karo, qeyb ahaan, in la daciifiyo saameynta buugga.
Hoos u dhaca deltaFosB ee abaalmarinta abaalmarinta ayaa laga yaabaa inay gacan ka geysato la-xisaabtanka dhiirigelinta daciifnimada ah iyo dabeecad abaalgudka ah ee lagu arko niyad-jabka, ayuu yidhi Nestler Kordhintu waxay u muuqataa inay u sahaliso qofka inuu raacdo dabeecad-tilmaanta leh walwal walwal.
Baadhitaanka teknoolojiyadda sare (http://www.nimh.nih.gov/science-news/2009/high-tech-robots-efforts-bear-fruit-thanks-to-nih-roadmap.shtml) unugyada kobcinaya DeltaFosB, oo ay taageerayaan deeqda Sharciga Soo-kabashada, waxay u horseedi kartaa horumarinta daawooyin ka caawin doona dadka inay la qabsadaan walaaca joogtada ah. Moleekuleyaasha ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa inay yihiin raadinta macluumaadka ee sawirka maskaxda si loo muujiyo horumarka daaweynta bukaanka niyadjabsan iyadoo la muujinayo isbeddelada ka jira deltaFosB, ayaa yiri Nestler.
Ujeeddada NIMH waa in la beddelo fahamka iyo daaweynta cudurrada dhimirka iyada oo loo marayo cilmi-baaris aasaasi ah iyo bukaan-socod, oo waddada u xaaraya ka hortagga, soo kabashada iyo daaweynta. Macluumaad dheeri ah, booqo www.nimh.nih.gov.
Ku saabsan Machadyada Qaranka ee Caafimaadka (NIH): NIH, hay'ad cilmi baaris caafimaad oo qaran ah, waxaa ka mid ah Machadyada iyo xarumaha 27 oo qayb ka ah Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka. NIH waa hay'ad fedaraal oo asaasi ah oo sameysa oo taageera cilmi-baaris aasaasi ah, daaweyn, iyo tarjumaad, oo baadhaya sababaha, daaweynta, iyo daaweynta cudurada caadiga ah iyo kuwa dhifka ahba. Wixii macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan NIH iyo barnaamijyadeeda, booqo http://www.nih.gov.
NIH ... Tijaabinta Discovery ee Caafimaadka ®
Hawlaha lagu sharaxay sii deyntan waxaa lagu maalgelinayaa Sharciga Soocelinta iyo Dib-u-Abuurinta Mareykanka (ARRA). Si aad ula socoto horumarka waxqabadka HHS ee lagu maalgeliyo ARRA, booqo www.hhs.gov/recovery. Si aad ula socoto dhammaan lacagaha federaalka ah ee lagu bixiyo ARRA, booqo www.recovery.gov.
Tixraaca:
DeltaFosB ee wareegga abaalmarinta maskaxda ayaa dhexdhexaadinaysa adkeysiga walwalka iyo jawaabaha lidka ku ah diiqadda. Vialou V, Robison AJ, LaPlant QC, Covington III HE, Dietz DM, Ohnishi YN, Mouson E, Rush III AJ, Watts EL, Wallace DL, Iniguez SD, Ohnishi YH, Steiner MA, Warren B, Krishnan V, Neve RL, Ghose S, Beron O, Tamminga CA, Nestler EJ. NatNeurosci. Epub 2010 May 16.
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