Boggan wuxuu ururiyaa daraasado leh heerarka isticmaalka sigaarka (maskaxda ku hay in daraasadaha ay ka shaqeeyaan su'aalo iyo habab kala duwan).
Hababka Beegsiga ee Sawir-xumada Dhibta leh Isticmaal faragelinta (2023)
Waxaa jira qiyaaso in gudaha Mareykanka, filimada qaawan ay isticmaalaan 46% ragga iyo 16% dumarka inta lagu jiro celcelis ahaan usbuuca (Regnerus, Gordon, & Price, Xigasho2016). Markaad eegto ragga da'da yar (da'da M = 20), isticmaalka sawirada qaawan ayaa soo noqnoqda usbuuca oo dhan, iyadoo qiyaasaha shantiiba mid la isticmaalo maalin kasta ama maalin kasta (Carroll et al., Xigasho2008).
Muuqaal qaawan: Dhaqan qarsoon oo leh cawaaqib xumo (2023)
[Xogta n=1022 lab iyo dhaddig ka qaybgalayaasha ee Rhode ah Sahanka Dadka Waaweyn ee Dhallinyarada Island]
54% waxay muujiyeen isticmaalka sawirada qaawan; 6.2% ayaa la kulmay shuruudaha balwadda. Fursadaha isticmaalka sawir-xumada waxay ahaayeen 5 jeer ka badan, iyo qabatinka 13.4 jeer oo ka sarreeya ragga jinsiga ah. Pornography qabatinka ahaa la xiriira la kordhay niyad jabka iyo suifikradda ciddiyaha.
Laakiin Goobaha Porn-ka miyay helaan gaadiid ka badan TikTok, OpenAI, iyo Zoom? (2023)
Taraafikada adduunka oo dhan ee mid ka mid ah 3da goobood ee ugu sarreeya ee lulataaye ayaa ka sarreeya, fogaan, taraafikada mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda: Amazon, Netflix, Yahoo, TikTok, OpenAI, Zoom, LinkedIn, ama Kanaalka Cimilada. Oo heerka boodboodkoodu wuu hooseeyaa. Gaadiidka da'da (inkasta oo loo maleynayo in qof kasta oo booqanaya uu yahay 18…).
Cutubkan 2020 ka Buugga Oxford ee Teknolojiyadaha Dijital ah iyo Caafimaadka Maskaxda wuxuu leeyahay tirooyin ku saabsan heerarka isticmaalka sigaarka ee dalal badan.
Ku qanacsanaanta galmada iyo dhibaatooyinka caafimaadka galmada ayaa lala xiriiriyay isticmaalka sawirada qaawan ≥3 jeer/wk.
Ku qanacsanaanta galmada iyo dhibaatooyinka caafimaadka galmada ayaa lala xiriiriyay isticmaalka sawirada qaawan ≥3 jeer/wk.4.7% ragga iyo 4.0% haweenka ayaa sheegay in saameynta [porn-ka] ay u badan tahay taban.
68.7% ragga iyo 27.0% dumarku waxay isticmaaleen sawiro qaawan. Ragga da'doodu u dhaxayso 16-24 sano, 17.2% waxay isticmaaleen sawirro qaawan maalin kasta ama ku dhawaad maalin kasta, 24.7% waxay isticmaaleen sawirro qaawan 3-5 d/wk iyo 23.7% waxay isticmaaleen sawirro qaawan 1-2 d/wk. Dumarka da'doodu u dhaxayso 16-24 sano, saamiyadu waxay ahaayeen 1.2% maalin kasta ama ku dhawaad maalin kasta, 3.1% 3-5 jeer/wikii, iyo 8.6% 1-2 jeer/wik. Inta badan isticmaalka sawirada qaawan ayaa hoos u dhacay da'da ragga iyo dumarka labadaba.
Fiiro gaar ah: Daraasadani waxay u muuqataa inay u qoran tahay qaab eex ah oo ka caawisa inay daaha ka qaaddo halista dhibaatooyinka galmada ee isticmaala ragga da'da yar. Qaar ka mid ah 40+% iyaga ka mid ah ayaa isticmaala lulataaye 3+ jeer usbuucii (35+% ragga wax yar ka weyn), oo markaa waxay halis ugu jiraan ku qanacsanaanta galmada iyo dhibaatooyinka caafimaadka galmada.
Daraasad ku saabsan dadka Da'da ah ee 15-29 waxay ogaadeen in 100% ragga (82% haweenka) ay muuqdaan porno. Sidoo kale, 69 boqolkiiba raga iyo 23 boqolkiiba dheddigga ayaa marka hore fiiriya porn-ka da'da 13 ama ka yar. Intaa waxaa dheer in daraasadani ay soo baxday in filimaado badan oo soo noqnoqonaya ay la xiriirto dhibaatooyinka caafimaadka maskaxda.
Ka mid ah 614-maaddo-yar-yar oo qaan-gaar ah oo sahamin ah sahaminta suurtagalnimada dadweynaha ee Ameerikaanka ah ee da'doodu tahay 14 illaa 60, 70.3% ayaa daawaday sawir-gacmeedka. 84.40% ragga iyo dumarka 57.10%.
Isticmaalka Dhallin-yarada ee Sawir-xumada: Isbeddellada muddada tobanka sano ah ee Iswidhan
Saamiga wiilasha isticmaala sawir-xumada ayaa si joogto ah u kordhay in ka badan saddexda wareeg ee sahanka; Kuwa soo sheega isticmaalka filimada xunxun waxay kordheen min 11% 2004 ilaa 24% 2014. Taas bedelkeeda, ma jirin wax isbeddel ah oo ku yimid gabdhaha soo sheegay isticmaalka filimada xun xun maalin kasta, halka saamiga aan waligood isticmaalin sawirada qaawan ay kordheen 40% 2004 ilaa 51% 2014.
[Celcelis ahaan da'da 23.82 sano] Inta badan kaqeybgalayaashu waxay ahaayeen rag (84.56%). Viewing Daawashada sawirada sanadihii la soo dhaafay waxaa soo wariyay 88.6% kaqeybgalayaasha. Wadar ahaan 39.4% kaqeybgalayaashu waxay daawadeen sawir-gacmeedka usbuuc kasta (43% ragga iyo 18% haweenka) iyo 21.8% ayaa sidaas sameeyay maalin kasta (25% ragga iyo 5.5% haweenka).
Baadhitaannada wakiillada qaran ee dhalinyarada Maraykanka ayaa lagu ogaaday in 68.4% ay soo sheegaan soo-gaadhista sawir-gacmeedka qaawan ee internetka.
Inta u dhaxaysa 2004 iyo 2016, isticmaalka lulataaye in ka badan saddex jibaarmay guud ahaan dadweynaha (laga bilaabo 7.7% ilaa 24%). Ragga ayaa aad ugu dhow inay isticmaalaan lulataaye internetka marka loo eego dheddigga (47% vs 27%), marka laga reebo kooxda da'doodu u dhaxayso 7-12, halkaasoo heerka daawashada ay isku mid ahaayeen (27% gabdhaha, 25% wiilasha). Qayb kasta oo da 'kasta, ugu yaraan 25% dadku waxay isticmaalaan lulataaye, ay ku jiraan kuwa ugu yar (7-12) iyo kan ugu da'da weyn (58% +).
Sidoo kale waxay ka hadlaysaa ku filnaansho la'aanta isticmaalka GSS (Dowladda Mareykanka "Sahaminta Bulshada Guud") si ay ula socoto isticmaalka lulataaye.
Ugu dambeyntii, nooca la daabacay:"Kordhinta Isticmaalka Sawirka Galmada ee khadka tooska ah: Falanqaynta Xogta Ujeeddada laga soo bilaabo Muddadii u dhaxaysay 2004 iyo 2016 gudaha Poland"
Sahankani wuxuu adeegsaday wareysi taleefan oo kumbuyuutar lagu caawinayo si loo ururiyo muunad qaran oo wakiil ka ah Australiyaanka da'doodu tahay 16-69 (N: 20,094, ragga: 49.6%).
Inta badan (84.1%) ragga la tijaabiyey ayaa sheegay inay daawadeen sawirro qaawan mar uun.
Daraasadaha ballaaran iyo daraasadaha yaryar labadaba waxay soo jeedinayaan in ragga intiisa badan (> 80%) ay mar uun ka heleen filimada qaawan.
Daraasadaha yar yar (oo sida caadiga ah u isticmaali jiray shaybaarrada da'da yar) sanadkii la soo dhaafay ama lixdii bilood ee la soo dhaafay ee isticmaalka qaawan ayaa sidoo kale sarreysay (> 75%). Waxaa ka mid ah shaybaarrada waaweyn, ee kala da'da badan, baahsanaanta sanadkii la soo dhaafay ama lixdii bilood ee la soo dhaafay ayaa ka yaraa, in kasta oo ay weli sarreyso (inta u dhexeysa 40 iyo 70% ragga).
Caddeymo badan ayaa soo jeedin kara in nus nus ragga da'da yar ay yihiin kuwa si joogto ah u isticmaala filimada.
Ku dhowaad dhammaan ragga qaniisiinta ah iyo labada jinsiba waxay arkeen qaawan mar uun, iyo in badankood - oo laga yaabo inay ka badan yihiin 75% - ragga qaniisiinta ah iyo kuwa u galmooda ayaa daawanaya filimmada ugu yaraan toddobaadle. Daraasado dhowr ah ayaa tilmaamaya in waqtiga dhexdhexaadka ah ee lagu qaatay daawashada sawir-gacmeedka asbuucii ay u badan tahay 3 saac.
Jiilka XXX: Aqoonsiga Pornography Aqoonsiga iyo Isticmaalka Dadka Qaan-Gaarka ah (2008)
hoostana: Ku dhawaad 9 oo ka baxsan 10 (87%) ragga dhallinyarada ah iyo ku dhawaad hal seddexaad (31%) haweenka da'da yar ayaa ka warramay isticmaalka sarkaalka.
Sooc: Dumarka ayaa soo sheegey sheekooyin fara badan (84.6%), xakameyn keli ah (70.3%), iyo isticmaalka fiidiyaha sawirada (86.3%). Xusuusin: porno ayaa si rasmi ah looga mamnuucay Shiinaha.
hoostana: Danmark 97.8% ee ragga iyo 79.5% ee haweenka ayaa daawaday filimada sawirka ee dadka 1002 ee da'doodu ka yartahay 18-30.
Sooc: Celcelis ahaan da'da markii ugu horreysay ee loo soo bandhigo Playboy wuxuu ahaa 1980 sano oo rag ah iyo 11 dumar ah; 12 jir, badidood waxay kaloo arkeen filim X-lagu qiimeeyay. [Xigasho: Bryant, J., & Brown, D. (15). Wuxuu adeegsadaa sawiro qaawan. In D. Zillmann & J. Bryant (Eds.), Pornography: Horumarka cilmi baarista iyo tixgelinta siyaasadeed (bogga 25-55). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.]
hoostana: Da'da celceliska 13.5: Saddex-meelood laba (66%) raga iyo in ka badan saddex-meelood meel (39%) ee haweenku waxay arkeen ugu yaraan hal nooc oo warbaahin si cad u jinsi ah sanadki hore.
Ciyaalka dhalinta 'U soo jeeda maaddooyinka jinsiga ah ee ka muuqda internetka (2006)
hoostana: 71% ee dhalinyarada da'yarta ah iyo 40% ee dhalinyarta gabdhaha ah ayaa la soo gudboonaaday nooc ka mid ah internetka muqaalka ah ee galmada ku jira ee 6 bilood ka hor wareysiga.
hoostana: Ku dhowaad dhammaan wiilasha, 96% (n = 453), ayaa daawaday filimmo. Isticmaalayaasha sida joogtada ah ee xayawaanka ah (maalin kasta) (10%, n = 47) ayaa ka duwan kuwa isticmaala celceliska (63%, n = 292) iyo kuwa aan caqli-gal ahayn (27%, n = 126).
[Sidoo kale ku xusan miiska] Muuqaalku Ma Fasirayaa Sameynta? Qiimaynta ururka udhaxeeya Isticmaalka Qalabka Galmada Cad iyo Dhaqanka Galmada ee Muunada weyn ee dhalinyarada Holland iyo Dadka Waaweyn (2013)
hoostana: Daraasad khadka tooska ah oo qaybaha internetka ah oo lagu sameeyay 4,600 oo dhalinyaro ah, 15-25 sano jir… ayaa lagu ogaaday in 88% ragga iyo 45% haweenku ay cuneen SEM 12-kii bilood ee lasoo dhaafay.
hoostana: In Shaughnessy et al. (2011) daraasad ku saabsan da'yarta Kanadiyaanka, da'da 18 illaa 28, 85.8% ragga iyo 39.3% haweenka ayaa sheegay in ay raadinayeen Internet-ka si ay uga qeyb qaataan filimada.
Pornography iyo Man Labeecada Galmada: Falanqaynta Isticmaalka iyo Xiriirrada Galmada (2014)
hoostana: Daraasaddeennu waxay muujineysaa in ragga intiisa badani (58.7%) ay isticmaalaan sawir-gacmeedyo toddobaadle ah, inta badan internetka. Waxaan sidoo kale helnay bilawgii hore ee soo-gaadhistii ugu horreysay ee qaawan marka loo eego daraasadihii hore. Cilmi-baaris hore (Sabina et al., 2008) ayaa lagu ogaaday in 14.4% wiilasha ay soo gaareen ka hor da'da 13; waxaan ogaanay in 48.7% ragga muunadeena ah ay leeyihiin soo-gaadhis hore oo la mid ah.
Sooc: Xogta laga helay Daraasadda Labaad ee Caafimaadka iyo Xiriirka Australiya (ASHR2) ayaa la isticmaalay: wareysiyo taleefan oo kombuyuutar lagu caawiyay (CASIs) oo lagu dhammaystiray muunad wakiil ah oo ah 9,963 rag ah iyo 10,131 dumar ah oo da'doodu u dhaxayso 16 illaa 69 sano oo ka kala yimid dhammaan gobollada iyo taritoriyada Australia, guud ahaanna heerka kaqeybgalka ee 66%. Ragga badankood (84%) iyo dumarka badhkood (54%) waligoodba waxay eegeen walxaha qaawan. Saddex meelood meel raggaas (76%) iyo in ka badan saddex-meelood meel haweenkan (41%) ayaa eegay waxyaabaha anshax darrada ah sanadkii la soo dhaafay.
Phenomen Pornomen (2016) - 27% ee 25-30-sano jirka ah ayaa bilaabay daawashada lebbiska kahor qaangaadhnimada. Macnaha guud: Qofka yare e eedeysanaha ah, waxay u badan tahay inay jawaab wanaagsan ka bixiyaan hadalka: "Waxaan bilaabay inaan fiiriyo filimada qaangaarnimada kahor:"
- 6% jawaab bixiyaasha da 'ahaan ku jira 51-69.
- 13% jawaab bixiyaasha da 'ahaan ku jira 31-50.
- 27% jawaab bixiyaasha da 'ahaan ku jira 25-30.
[PDF] Middlesex University (loogu talagalay NSPCC) UK - "Ma hubin inay caadi ahayd in la daawado ...": Baadhitaan khiyaali ah iyo mid tayo leh oo ku saabsan saamaynta qaawan ee qaawan ee internetka ku saabsan qiyamka, aragtida, aaminsanaanta iyo dhaqanka carruurta iyo dhalinyarada (2017)
28% ee 11-12-sano jir warbixinta ayaa aragtay qaawan.
Cilmi-baarista New Zealand waxay sheegaysaa 27% inay arkeen porn-ka da'da 12.
Pengaruh paparan paparan pornaran pornografi dan ah oo ku saabsan soomaali ah oo ku saabsan ragga iyo dumarka ah (2018) - Indooniisiya
Sooc: Natiijooyinka waxay muujiyeen in dhammaan ardayda ay la xiriiraan sawirro, iyadoo intooda badan la adeegsanayo shabakadda internetka, inta badan jawaabeyaasha 264 (82.2%) ayaa si joogto ah u soo gaadhay warbaahinta ficil-celinta iyo jawaabeyaasha 57 (17.8%) ayaa si aad ah u soo gaadhay warbaahinta pornographic.
Sooc: Cilmi baaris ayaa soo jeedisay in 56-72% ragga dhalinyarada ah ay galaan galmo qaawan oo internetka ah marka la barbar dhigo 24-35% haweenka da'da yar (Boies, 2002; Goodson, McCormick, & Evans, 2001). Daraasad dheeri ah ayaa soo jeedineysa in inta udhaxeysa 18 iyo 39, 46% ragga iyo 16% haweenku ay isticmaaleen porno usbuucii la soo dhaafay, 56% ragga iyo 26% haweenku waxay isticmaaleen bishii la soo dhaafay, iyo 69% ragga iyo 40% haweenku waxay isticmaaleen sanadkii la soo dhaafay (Regnerus, Gordon, & Price, 2016).
Sawir-gacmeedka sawir-gacmeedka, Isticmaalidda iyo Wax-qabadka ee Sample-ka Internetka ah (2018)
[MTurk waxa loo adeegsaday habka loo tuhunsan yahay.] hoostana:
Shaybaarka (n = 1,392) ee dadka waaweyn ee Maraykanka ayaa laga soo ururiyay iyada oo la adeegsanayo AmazonMechanical Turk waxaana lagu daray da 'da weyn oo da' weyn (da '18-73) marka loo eego falanqaynta ficil ahaaneed ee caadiga ah. Iyada oo la isticmaalayo hababka kala duwan ee filimada, 91.5% ragga iyo 60.2% dumarka halkan ayaa lagu soo waramayaa waxay wadaagaan pornography bishii hore.
Astaamaha: Ku dhowaad afar meelood saddex meelood oo ardaydu ku isticmaasho sawir-maskaxeedka ugu yaraan hal mar noloshooda (72%). Sidaa daraadeed, sicirka isticmaalka sunaakada oo dhan ayaa ka yaraa sida laga soo xigtay cilmiga Hindiya (80%; Das 2013), Sweden (98%; Donevan iyo Mattebo 2017), iyo Australia (87%; Lim et al. 2017), laakiin ka weyn daraasadii hore ee Bangladesh (42%; Chowdhury et al. 2018).
... Isticmaalka sawir-gacmeedka Pornography ayaa sidoo kale la saadaaliyay in uu xiriir la leeyahay, raadin aan hore loo soo sheegin aqoonta qorayaasha.
... Falanqaynta ayaa muujisay in ragga waxa ay ahaayeen waqtiyo 12 oo ay u badan tahay in ay ku galmoonayaan isticmaalka sawirrida ee kaararka sawirrada marka loo eego dumarka…. Waxa xiisaha leh, in kasta oo isticmaalka filimada qaawan ee dumarka ay aad uga hooseeyaan tan labka, kuwa ka mid ah kuwa helay filimada qaawan, haweenku waxay ka daawadeen in ka badan ragga marka loo eego tirada saacadaha ee 15 maalmood ee la soo dhaafay.
... Qiyaasta isticmaalka pornography hal mar toddobaadkii (23%)
Astaamaha: [Ireland] Guud ahaan, 90% dumarka, 98.6% ragga, 94% dadka ka qaybgalayaasha aan ikhtiyaari ahayn iyo 80% ka qaybgalayaasha bedelka ah waxay sheegeen in ay arkeen filimmo; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tirada guud ee ka-qaybgaleyaasha aan ikhtiyaari ahayn iyo ka-qaybgalayaasha ka-qaybgalayaashu waxay ahaayeen kuwo yaryar.
Da'da filimka ugu horreeya ee loogu talagalay isticmaalka jimicsiga ayaa kala duwenaa, iyadoo 45% sambal ka mid ah ay marka hore isticmaalaan pornography sababahan udhexeeya 14 iyo 17 da'da; 52% iyo 9% dheddig-laboodka ayaa markii ugu horreysay loo isticmaalay fara-xuruuf si loo xakameeyo 13 sano jir.Qaybo badan oo ka mid ah tijaabada waxay muujiyeen ka-qaybgalka koowaad ee 13 da'da sanadka, iyada oo 65.5% rag ah iyo 30% dumarka ka warbixinaya tan.Inta badan dadka ragga ah ayaa soo wariyay in ay aad u badan yihiin (77%), marka la barbardhigo 15% dakhliga
Firfircoonaanta Galmada iyo Aqoonta La Xariirka HIV ee Ardayda Dugsiga Sare ee Shiinaha (2019)
Sooc: [Shiinaha] Da'da ka qaybgaleyaashu waxay ka bilaabantaa 9 illaa 21 sanado iyadoo la macno ah 14.83 ± 1.63 sano. Ardayda 6347, 3214 (50.6%) waxay ahaayeen haween. Natiijooyinka waxay muujiyeen in 65% rag iyo 71% dumarka wuxuu ahaa akhriste qaawan. ["Akhristaha qaawan ee filimada" waxaa ka mid ah "buugaag, filim ama waxyaabo kale"]
Waxbarashada galmada kahor kuliyada ma ka ilaalisaa ardayda inay kufsadaan kuliyada? (2018)
Astaamaha: Daraasad dhowaan ah ee ardayda jaamacadda ee 18-29 waxay ogaadeen in 78.2% rag ah ay ka warramaan isticmaalka sawir-maskaxeedka dugsiga sare ugu yaraan toddobaadkii hal mar, iyo kuwa ku dhawaad afar meelood (23.9%) waxay isticmaalaan salaada jimicsiga maalin kasta ama maalin kasta. Dumarka dhexdooda, 12.6% ayaa isticmaala filimada sawir qaadashada dugsiga sare ugu yaraan toddobaadkii ama wax ka badan.
Soo noqnoqodka ugu badan ee daawashada filimada ayaa lala xiriiriyay halista sii kordheysa ee PSA [faraxumeynta galmada] ee kuleejka dumarka waxayna muujisay iskuxirka tirakoobka xuduudaha ee ragga p = 0.0575).
… Waxaan ogaanay in waqtiga bilaabista galmada afka ay si aad ah ula xiriirto waqtiga dabeecadaha kale ee isticmaalka galmada iyo daroogada; bilowgii hore ayaa sidoo kale lala xiriiriyay daawashada badanaa ee filimada qaawan ee dugsiga sare. Ku xirnaanshaha dugsiga sare waxay si aad ah isugu xirneyd daawashada lebbiska iyo bilowgii hore ee galmada afka.
- Ardayda 6463 (2633 lab iyo dheddig 3830), da'da 18-26. Macluumaadka badankood ee ka hooseeya isticmaalaha hadda (n = 4260)
- Ku dhawaad 80% ardayda ardayda ah ayaa lagu soo bandhigay fara-xumeyn (da'da dhexdhexaadka ah ee soo-saarka koowaad: sanado 14).
- Ku adkaysiga / kacsiga: Nooca ugu caansan ee loola jeedo saamaynta isticmaalka suuqyada waxaa ka mid ah: baahida loo qabo xayeysiinta dheeraadka ah (12.0%) iyo dareenka galmada (17.6%) si ay u gaarto orgasm, iyo hoos u dhaca ku qanacsanaanta galmada (24.5%) ...... Daraasadda hadda socota ayaa sidoo kale soo jeedineysa in soo-gaadhista hore ay la xiriiri karto u nuglaanta dareenka jinsiga sida lagu muujiyey baahida loo qabo kicinta dheer iyo dhiirrigelinta galmada ee loo baahan yahay si loo gaaro kacsiga markii la isticmaalayo qalab cad, iyo guud ahaan hoos u dhaca qanacsanaanta galmada… .. Isbeddello kala duwan qaabka isticmaalka filimada qaawan ee ka dhacaya mudada soo-gaadhista ayaa la soo sheegay: u weecashada nooc cusub oo maaddo cad ah (46.0%), adeegsiga agab aan u dhigmin u janjeedhinta galmada (60.9%) una baahan in la isticmaalo xad-dhaaf (rabshad) ) wax (32.0%)…
- Aqiyaasta heerka sare, inkasta oo "is-garteen": DIsticmaalka xaddiga isticmaalka iyo takoorka iscaawiga ah ayaa lagu soo wariyay 10.7% iyo 15.5%, siday u kala horreeyaan. Heerka sigaarka iyo dheddig-laboodka ayaa isku mid ah!
- Calaamadaha leexashada: xitaa kuwa aan qabatinka lahayn (eeg jadwalka): 51% waxay isku dayeen inay joojiyaan ugu yaraan hal mar, iyadoo 72.2% kuwa la kulma astaamaha ka bixitaanka: Calool la’aan, Ciil, jahwareer, jahwareer, Hoos u dhac Libido, Niyad jab, Riyooyin Caroodi, Rabshadaha, kalinimo…
- Dhallinyaro = dhibaatooyin dheeraad ah: Da'da ugu horaysa ee la soo bandhigo alaab cad oo la xidhiidha suurtagalnimada kordhinta saameynta xun ee filimada sawir-qaadka ee dhalinyarada-ayaa ugu badnaa oo laga helay dumarka iyo ragga ay soo bandhigeen sanadaha 12 ama ka hooseeya. Inkasta oo daraasad isweydaarsi ah aysan oggolaan qiimeynta keenista, natiijadani waxay muujin kartaa in ururada caruurnimada leh ee ay ka kooban yihiin shaashadda ficil ahaan ay yeelan karaan natiijooyin muddo dheer ah ....
- Ka-qaybgalayaashu waxay rumaysan yihiin in ay porno tahay arrin caafimaad oo guud: Daraasaddan cilmibaadhista, ardayga la daraaseeyay ayaa inta badan cadeeyay in ka soo horjeeda fara-xumeynta inay yeelan doonto natiijo wax ku ool ah oo ku saabsan xiriirka bulshada, caafimaadka maskaxda, waxqabadka galmada, iyo saameyn ku yeelan karto horumarka nafsiga ah ee caruurnimada iyo qaan-gaarka ah. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, intooda badan ma aysan taageersanayn baahida loo qabo xayiraad ku aaddan fara-xumeynta.
- Qaar ka mid ah males waxay u baahan yihiin waxyaabo badan oo gardaro ah (laakiin): daraasaddan ayaa lagu ogaaday in baahi loo qabo in la isticmaalo waxyaallo dheeraad ah oo saa'id ah oo badanaa lagu soo bandhigay ragga iyaga naftooda ku tilmaamaya inay yihiin gardarro.
- Hase yeeshee, dumarka waxay u badan tahay inay kor u kacaan si xun loola dagaalamo: Isticmaalka alaabooyinka aan u dhigmin jiheynta galmada (46.0%) oo u baahan in la isticmaalo wax ka badan qalab aad u daran (Xaddidaad) (32.0%). The Dabadeed waxaa si aad ah loogu soo sheegey dumarka naftooda u tixgeliya inay yihiin kuwa xiiseeya marka la barbar dhigo kuwa naftooda uqalma inay yihiin kuwa aan is aqoon…
- Waa the porn! Astaamaha shakhsiga ee aan la xiriirin natiijooyinka: Iyadoo qaar ka reeban, shakhsiyaadka shakhsi ahaaneed, oo aan lagu soo sheegin daraasaddan, waxay kala geddisey xuduudaha la baranayey ee filimada. Natiijooyinkaasi waxay taageerayaan fikradda in marin-u-helidda iyo soo-qaadista sawir-qaadidda jinsiga ah ay hadda tahay arrin aad u ballaadhan oo lagu sheegayo sifooyinka nafsaaniga ah ee dadka isticmaala. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kormeer xiiso leh ayaa la sameeyey macaamiisha kuwaas oo soo sheegay baahida loo qabo in ay aragto content dheeraad ah oo qaawan ee filimada. Sida lagu muujiyay, isticmaalka joogtada ah ee maaddada cadcad ayaa laga yaabaa inay la xiriirto sharfirin la'aanta taas oo u baahan baahida loo qabo in la eego waxyaabo badan oo xad dhaaf ah si loo gaaro arooska jinsiga ah [32].
Sexuell iyo cajalado badan oo ka mid ah Sverige 2017 [Caafimaadka iyo Galmada Caafimaadka iyo Xuquuqda ee Sweden 2017] (2019)
Sooc: Boqolkiiba afartan keli ah ee ragga ah 16 ilaa 29 ayaa ah dadka isticmaala sawirrada "pornography", taas oo ah maalin kasta maalin kasta ama maalinba maalin kasta. Boqolkiiba inta udhaxeysa dumarka waa boqolkiiba 3. Natiijooyinkayaga sidoo kale waxay muujinayaan xiriirka ka dhexeeya isticmaalka badanaa ee pornography iyo caafimaadka galmada ee saboolka ah, iyo urur la socda galmada dhaqdhaqaaqa, filitaan aad u sareeya oo ka mid ah waxqabadka jinsiga, iyo ku qanacsanaanta noloshooda jinsiga.
Astaamaha: Waxaan adeegsanay muunad ah 2,846 dhalinyaro (52.5% gabdho ah; Mage ¼ 14.5 sano, SD ¼ 0.6), oo la aruuriyay iyadoo qayb ka ah daraasad joogto ah oo socota oo ku saabsan caafimaadka galmada dhalinyarada. ...
88.2% wiilasha HC [hetero-cis], 78.2% gabdhaha SGM [galmada / jinsiga laga tirada badan yahay) wiilasha, 54.2% gabdhaha SGM, 39.4% gabdhaha HC, iyo 29.4% ee shakhsiyaadka aan isqarxin ee SGM ayaa sheegay inay waligood daawadeen qaawan. da'da 14 sano((Xoojinta la bixiyay)
Wiilasha SGM waxay soo sheegeen tan ugu sareysa (dhexdhexaadka: marar badan usbuucii), halka gabdhaha HC ay soo sheegeen kuwa ugu hooseeya (dhexdhexaad: in ka yar hal jeer bishii) inta jeer ee isticmaalka filimada. ...
Qiyaastii laba-meelood labo meel dhallinta ayaa helay khibraddoodii ugu horreeysay ee ku saabsan qaawanaanta sawir-qaadista muraayadda hadda jirta, iyo 52.2% ayaa soo sheegay iyaga oo adeegsanaya usbuucii hal mar ama in ka badan saddexdii bilood ee la soo dhaafay, taasoo muujineysa in isticmaalka ficil-galku ay door muhiim ah ka ciyaari karto HC iyo SGM labadaba. dhalinyarada galmada koritaanka.
Jaamacadda Katooliga ee Ohio, USA:
56.6% ka mid ah kuwa la sahamiyay ayaa sheegay isticmaalka akhlaaqda xun ee nolosha oo dhan, iyadoo qayb aad u badan oo ragga ah ay aad uga badan tahay dumarka ka warbixinaya isticmaalka noocaas ah. Inta badan ardaydu waxay ka warbixiyeen inay gallaan qaamuuska iyagoo isticmaalaya tignoolajiyada la xidhiidha internetka.
- Inta badan ragga (63.7%) ayaa sheegay 9-13 da'dii ugu horeysay ee soo-gaadhista sawirada qaawan.
Natiijooyinka: Wadar ahaan, 68.7% ragga iyo 27.0% dumarku waxay isticmaaleen sawirro qaawan. Ragga da'doodu u dhaxayso 16-24 sano, 17.2% waxay isticmaaleen sawirro qaawan maalin kasta ama maalin kasta, 24.7% waxay isticmaaleen sawirro qaawan 3-5 d/wk iyo 23.7% waxay isticmaaleen sawirro qaawan 1-2 d/wk. Dumarka da'doodu u dhaxayso 16-24 sano, saamiga ayaa ahaa 1.2% maalin kasta ama ku dhawaad maalin kasta, 3.1% 3-5 jeer/wikii, iyo 8.6% 1-2 jeer/wikii.
Labada miisaan ee soo socda ayaa u muuqday cilmi baaris (tixraacyo ka hooseeya jadwalka).
FOOTNOTES ee jadwalka kor ku xusan:
23 Shek, DT iyo Cheung, arrimaha horumarinta ee ardayda jaamacadaha ee Hong Kong. Wargeyska Caalamiga ah ee Daaweynta Dhalinyarada iyo Caafimaadka. 2013, 25, 345-351.
24 Green, L .; Brady, D .; Olafsson, K .; Hartley, J. iyo Lumby, C.. Khatarta iyo amniga carruurta Australiya ee ku jirta internetka: Natiijooyinka buuxa ee ka soo baxa sahanka AU Kids Online ee da'yarta 9-16 iyo waalidkood. Sayniska Dhaqanka, 2011, 4, 1-73.
25 Lopez, JR; Mukaire, PE iyo Mataya, RH Astaamaha caafimaadka jinsiga iyo caafimaadka taranka iyo dabeecadaha khatarta ah ee laba gobol oo miyiga ah ee Kamboodiya. Caafimaadka taranka. 2015. 12.
26 Ma, CMS iyo Shek, DTL Isticmaalka qalabka sawir-gacmeedka gabdhaha yaryar ee Hong Kong. Wargeyska Dhakhaatiirta iyo Dhalinyarada, 2013, 26, S18-S25.
27 Peter, J. iyo Valkenburg, PM Isticmaalka qalabka internetka ee jinsiga ah iyo waxyaabaheeda: Tijaabin joogto ah oo loogu talagalay dhalinyarada iyo dadka waaweyn. Archives ee Habdhaqanka Galmada, 2011, 40, 1015-1025.
28 Skakoon-Sparling, S .; Dhibaatada, KM iyo Shuper, PA Saamaynta galmada kufsiga ee ku saabsan khatarta galmada iyo go'aan qaadashada ragga iyo dumarka. Archives ee Habdhaqanka Galmada, 2016. Jan;45(1):33-42. doi: 10.1007/s10508-015-0589-y.
29 Stanley, N .; Barter, C .; Wood, M .; Aghtaie, N .; Larkins, C. iyo Lanau, A. Pornography, Dhibaatada Galmada iyo Xad-gudubka iyo Sexting ee Xiriirrada Cilaaqaadka Dhalinyarada: Daraasadda Yurub. J Rabshad dhexdhexaad ah. 2016. Maarso 6. Loo daabacay internetka kahor intaan daabacin March 6, 2016, doi: 10.1177 / 0886260516633204.
30 Kadri, N .; Benjelloun, R .; Kendili, I .; Khoubila, A. iyo Moussaoui, D. Internetka iyo jinsiga ee Morocco, laga bilaabo caadooyinka internetka ilaa cilmi nafsiga. Galmada 2013, 22, e49-e53.
31 Ševčíková, A. iyo Daneback, K. Isticmaalida filimada porno ee online-ka ah ee qaangaarnimada: Khilaafaadka da'da iyo jinsiga. Eur. J. Dev. Psychol. 2014, 11, 674-686.
32 Hald, GM; Kuyper, L .; Adam, PC iyo de Wit, JB Ma aragtaa sharaxaadda? Qiimaynta xiriirka u dhexeeya isticmaalka qalabka jinsiga ah ee la isticmaalo iyo dabeecadaha jinsiga ee tiro badan oo ah dhalinyarada Nederlandka ah iyo dhalinyarada qaangaarka ah. Joornaalka Daawada Isku Galmoodka 2013, 10, 2986-2995.
33 Romito, P. iyo Beltramini, L. Cunsurrooyinka la xidhiidha soo-gaadhsiinta gabdhaha iyo rabshadaha sawir-qaadka ah ee ardayda dugsiga sare. J. Sch. Nursar. 2015, 31, 280-290.
34 Kastbom, AA; Sydsjö, G .; Bladh, M .; Priebe, G. iyo Svedin, CG ugu horeysay ee galmada ka hor da'da 14 waxay keenaysaa caafimaadka saboolka ah ee nafsiga ah iyo dabeecadaha khatarta ah nolosha dambe. Acta Pediatrica, Journal of International Pediatricics. 2015, 104, 91-100.
35 Svedin, CG; Åkerman, I. iyo Priebe, G. Isticmaalayaasha badanaa ee filimmada. Daraasad cilmi-baaris ah oo ku salaysan cilmi-baarista cudurrada dhalinyarada ee iswiidhishka ah. Wargeyska Waalidka. 2011, 34, 779-788.
36 Weber, M .; Quiring, O. iyo Daschmann, G. Peers, waalidiinta iyo filimada qaawan: Sahaminta soo-gaadhista qaan-gaarka ah ee ku saabsan waxyaabaha galmada ku habboon iyo horumarkooda ayaa iswaafajiya. Galmada iyo Dhaqanka. 2012, 16, 408-427.
37 Mattebo, M. Isticmaalka sawir-gacmeedka iyo jaaliyadaha ay ku jiraan khibradaha galmada, hab nololeedka iyo caafimaadka dhallinyarada. Dulucda Guud ee Dijital ah ee Cudurka Uppsala, Jaamacadda Uppsala, Uppsala, 2014.
;