LITLHAHISO: Phuputso ho banna ba buang Sefora (ka tlase) e fumane hore bothata ba tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa inthaneteng bo amahanngoa le ts'ebetso e fokotsehileng ea erectile le ho fokotsa khotsofalo e akaretsang ea thobalano. Empa basebelisi ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba na le litakatso tse kholo. Phuputso e bonahala e tlaleha keketseho, kaha banna ba 49% ba ne ba sheba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa "e ne e sa thahasellise ho bona pele kapa hore e ne e nkoa e nyonyeha. ” Ho khahlisang ke hore karolo ea 20.3% ea bankakarolo e boletse hore sepheo se seng sa ts'ebeliso ea bona ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ke "ho boloka ho tsosoa le molekane oa ka. ” (Rob Weiss o etsa mosebetsi o motle oa ho hlahloba thuto ena.)
Tlhokomeliso: Li-OSA ke 'liketso tsa thobalano tse fumanehang marang-rang', ho bolelang hore bootsoa ke 99% ea ba arabelitsoeng. Tlhaloso:
“Liphetho li bontšitse hore ho ba le takatso ea ho kopanela liphate, ho fokotsa khotsofalo ea thobalano, le ts'ebetso e tlaase ea erectile e ne e amahanngoa le li-OSA tse thata Boitsebiso ba hona joale bo bontša hore banna ba nang le mathata ka ho fetisisa litabeng tsa OSA ba ka ba le takatso e tebileng ea ho kopanela liphate e ka amanang le ntlafatso ea boitšoaro bo feteletseng ba ho kopanela liphate 'me e ka hlalosa karolo e itseng bothata ba ho laola takatso ena ea thobalano. Tsena Liphello li ka amahanngoa le tsa liphuputso tsa pele tse tlalehang boemo bo phahameng ba ho tsosoa ha ho kopana le matšoao a ho kopanela liphate (Bancroft & Vukadinovic, 2004; Laier et al., 2013; Muise et al., 2013). ”
Liphetho tsena li fapana ka ho feletseng le phihlelo ea banna ba nang le ED-e susumelitsoeng ke litšoantšo: litakatso tse matla kapa tse hlokang, empa ho tsosoa ho tlaase le khotsofalo hammoho le ho se sebetse ha erectile le balekane ba sebele. Ha ho makatse hore ebe, 20.3% ea bankakarolo ba re sepheo se seng sa ts'ebeliso ea bona ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ke "ho tsosa takatso le molekane oa ka."
Ho phaella moo, qetellong re na le thuto e botsang basebeletsi ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa mabapi le ho nyoloha ha liphatlalatso tse hlephisang boitšoaro tse ncha kapa tse ferekanyang. Nahana hore na o fumane eng?
"Karolo ea mashome a mane a metso e robong lekholong e boletse bonyane ka linako tse ling ba batlana le litaba tsa thobalano kapa ho nka karolo ho li-OSA tseo pele li neng li sa ba khahlise kapa ba nka li nyonyeha, mme 61.7% e tlalehile hore bonyane ka linako tse ling li-OSA li ne li amahanngoa le lihlong kapa maikutlo a molato."
Barupeluoa le bona ba tlalehile litefiso tse phahameng tsa "tšebeliso e sa tloaelehang kapa e khelohileng" ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Tlhaloso:
"Taba ea bohlokoa ke hore leha liphetho li bontšitse hore boholo ba litaba tsa bootsoa tse batloang ke banna ke" tsa setso "(mohlala, thobalano ea botšehali, thobalano ea molomo le ea ka morao, livideo tsa bo-ralitaba), tse nang le lipapatso tse sa tloaelehang (mohlala, fetishism, masochism / sadism ) ha e batlisoa khafetsa, litšoantšo tse ling tsa bootsoa tseo hangata li nkoang e le "tse sa tloaelehang" kapa "tse khelohileng" li ile tsa batlisisoa khafetsa (mocha, 67.7%; sehlopha sa thobalano / gang bang, 43.2%; ho shapa, 22.2%; bukkake, 18.2%; le botlamuoeng , 15.9%). ”
Phuputso e boetse e tlaleha sekhahla se phahameng haholo bakeng sa "tšebeliso e mpe ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa" hara bankakarolo. Hlokomela hore mekhoa ea ho etsa lipatlisiso e ne e le (1) ho sebelisa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa likhoeling tse 3 tse fetileng, le (2) monna ea buang Sefora.
"Qetellong, 27.6% ea mehlala e ile ea itlhahloba ts'ebeliso ea bona ea li-OSA e le mathata. Har'a bona (n 118), 33.9% ba nahane ho kopa thuso ho litsebi mabapi le li-OSA tsa bona. ”
Qeto ea bafuputsi e khothaletsa meralo ea ho ithuta e khethollang likamano lipakeng tsa likarolo tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le mathata a thobalano:
“Patlisiso ea nako e tlang e lokela ho tsoela pele ho batlisisa karolo ea lisosa tse ikhethileng mabapi le nts'etsopele le tlhokomelo ea ho nka karolo ho hobe ha banna ho li-OSA. Ka ho khetheha, ho hlahlojoa ha likotsi tsa thobalano ho bonahala e le mokhoa o khahlisang oa lipatlisiso. Ho joalo, lithuto tsa nako e tlang lia hlokahala molemong oa ho utloisisa likamano tse rarahaneng lipakeng tsa boitšoaro bo hlephileng le thobalano inthaneteng. Ho fihlela joale, ts'ebeliso e thata ea li-OSA e se e nahannoe ka har'a sebopeho sa boits'oaro ntle le ho nahana ka ho ikhetholla le ho khetheha ha li-OSA, kapa ponahatso e matla ea ts'ebeliso e nang le mathata. Mohlala, lipuisano tsa boleng e ka ba mokhoa oa bohlokoa oa ho utloisisa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebeliso e nang le mathata ea OSA. Liphuputso tsa nako e tlang li lokela ho etsoa ka mehlala ea bongaka, ho shebiloe mefuta ea morao-rao ea li-OSA joalo ka lipapali tsa thobalano tsa 3D tse kenyelletsang ho qoelisa le ho bapala karolo ea motho ea itseng. ”
Lik'homphieutha ka Boitšoaro ba Botho
Volume 56, March 2016, Maqephe 257-266
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Ho kenya letsoho liketsong tsa thobalano tsa li-inthanete (OSA) hoa tloaeleha, haholo-holo ho banna, 'me maemong a itseng ho ka ba thata ho etsa joalo. Lisosa tse kotsi tse amanang le li-OSA tse thata li ntse li le teng, leha ho le joalo, ha li hlahlojoe hampe. Thuto ea morao-rao e ikemiselitse ho batlisisa litšobotsi, mekhoa ea ts'ebetso, le sepheo sa banna ho kopanela li-OSA le ho qhekella mabaka a kotsi a amanang le li-OSA tse bakang mathata. Ho finyella sena, banna ba 434 ba ile ba qeta tlhahlobo ea inthanete e lekanyang tlhahisoleseding ea sechaba le ea batho, mekhoa e sebelisoang ke li-OSA, mekhoa e metle ea ho kenya letsoho ho li-OSA, matšoao a li-OSA tse bakang mathata, le lits'ebetso tsa thobalano.
Liphello li bontšitse hore ho sheba litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ke OSA e atileng ka ho fetisisa, 'me ho khotsofatsa thobalano ke sepheo se atisang ho atisa ho kenya letsoho ho OSA. Lipatlisiso tse ling tse ngata tsa khatello ea maikutlo li bontšitse hore litšoaneleho tse latelang li amana le ho sebelisoa ha mathata a li-OSA: (a) liketso tse arohaneng tsa molekane (mohlala, puisano ea ho kopanela liphate) le mesebetsi ea boinotšing (mohlala, litšoantšo tsa bootsoa); (b) sepheo se sa tsejoeng sa ho nahana ka moelelo le maikutlo a meholo; le (c) takatso ea ho kopanela liphate e phahameng, ho khotsofatsa thobalano ka ho feletseng, le mosebetsi o tlaase oa erectile.
Thuto ena e fana ka leseli le lecha holim'a litšobotsi, sepheo, le ts'ebetso ea thobalano ea banna ba amehang ho li-OSA, ho hatisa hore ma-OSA a tsietsing a fapane ebile a itšetlehile ka lintlha tse amanang. Liphuputso li tšehetsa ho ts'oaroa ha liketso tse thibelang le litšebelisano tsa meriana bakeng sa mofuta oa OSA le maemo a kotsi ka bomong.
Keywords: Liketso tsa ho kopanela liphate ka holimo Ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka thobalano; Mathata a ho kopanela liphate ka inthanete Sepheo; Ho se sebetse ka thobalano
Litlhaloso tse hlahang ho thuto
Mathata a kelello a ka 'nang a amahanngoa le ho sebelisoa ha lits'ebeletso tsa li-OSA ha a na tlhokomelo e fokolang. Ka ho khetheha, lintlha tse peli tse ka phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho nts'etsopele le ho lokisa ts'ebetso e mpe li sa batlisisitsoe ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang: (a) sepheo sa motho ka mong se khanna li-OSA le (b) ho ba teng ha likamano tsa thobalano (ke hore, ho se khonehe ha motho ea nang le takatso ea ho kopanela liphate, thabo, le / orgasm, kapa ho finyella khotsofalo ea thobalano tlas'a maemo a loketseng).
Ho fihlela joale, ho haelloa lithuto tse ileng tsa hlahloba karolo ea ho se sebetse ka thobalano (mohlala, mathata a erectile kapa orgasmic) ho qala ha li-OSA tse nang le bothata. Leha ho le joalo, litlhaloso tse ling li ka fumanoa liphuputsong tse fokolang tse bontšang bohlokoa ba ho khotsofatsa thobalano kapa ho tsosoa ha thobalano ho OSA e thata. Ka sebele, Brand et al. (2011) e tlaleha botsoalle pakeng tsa litekanyetso tsa ho tsosoa ha thobalano nakong ea ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tsa Inthaneteng le ho itšetleha ka mekhoa ea boipheliso ho li-OSA tse thata. Phuputsong e 'ngoe, Laier, Pawlikowski, Pekal, Schulte le Brand (2013) ba ile ba hatisa hore matšoao a amanang le lithethefatsi a OSA a amahanngoa le ho tsosoa ha thobalano, ho lakatsa le ho ipholla litho tsa botona kapa botšehali ka lebaka la tlhaloso ea bootsoa. Liphuputso tsena li tšehetsa khopolo ea ho khotsofatsoa ke li-OSA tse tsietsing, tseo ho matlafatsoang ho matla ho tsona ho amanang le li-OSA ho lebisang tlhokomelong ea ts'ebetso e matla le ho lakatsa (e leng, ho tsosoa ha maemo) ho amanang le ho hlahisa li-OSA tse tsietsing. Bancroft le Vukadinovic (2004) ba fumanoe, ka sampong ea 31 e sa tloaelehang "ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate" tekanyo e phahameng ea thabo ea thobalano e kholo (e leng, ho tsosoa habonolo) ho fapana le balekane ba laolang, athe lihlopha tsena tse peli li ne li sa fapane ka ho thibela ho kopanela liphate ( ho bolelang, ho thibela tšebetso ka lebaka la tšoso ea tshebetso e hlōlehileng le ho thibela tšebetso ka lebaka la tsoso ea liphello tsa tshebetso). Phuputso ea morao tjena ea Muise, Milhausen, Cole le Graham (2013) e ile ea hlahloba karolo ea ho thibela ho kopanela liphate le ho tsosoa ha thobalano, ho tlaleha hore ho na le kamano pakeng tsa likhohlano tse thibelang ho kopanela liphate (ho bontša khatello e kholo nakong ea thobalano) le boemo bo phahameng ba ho kopanela liphate ho banna, empa eseng ho basali. Phuputso ena e boetse e bontšitse hore ho itšireletsa ka botona le botšehali, boemo bo phahameng ba ho tsosolosa (boiketlo ba ho tsosoa ka litsela tse fapa-fapaneng tsa thobalano) bo amana le boemo bo phahameng ba ho kopanela liphate.
Ho sa tsotellehe tlhahlobo ea lipatlisiso tsa thuto ea morao-rao, re ka qapa likhopolo tse 'maloa ka lebaka la lipatlisiso tse fetileng. Ntlha ea pele, kaha mohlala o e-na le barupeluoa, re ne re lebeletse hore mesebetsi ea boithaopo e tla ba ea bohlokoa ha e bapisoa le mesebetsi e ts'oanang ea ts'oaetso. Ea bobeli, re ne re lebeletse hore sepheo se seholo sa ho kopanela li-ASA e tla amana le thahasello ea ho kopanela liphate, ho tsosoa ha thobalano, tšitiso / phomolo, taolo ea maikutlo, le thuto / tšehetso. Har'a tsena tse susumetsang, re ile ra bolela hore melao ea tsamaiso ea maikutlo le thahasello ho li-OSA tse neng li fumaneha feela inthaneteng li ne li tla amahanngoa le li-OSA tse bakang mathata. Ntlha ea boraro, re ne re lebeletse hore tšebeliso e mpe e tla amahanngoa le boemo bo phahameng ba ho tsosoa ha takatso / litakatso tse ling tsa thobalano (mohlala, erectile le / kapa bothata ba orgasmic).
- Mekhoa ea ho kenyeletsa e ne e le monna ea buang Sefora, ea lilemo li 18 kapa ho feta, ea sebelisitseng li-OSA nakong ea likhoeli tse fetileng tsa 3.
- Nako e bolelang ea samputso e ne e le lilemo tse 29.5 (SD ¼ 9.5; lebota la 18e72). 59% e tlalehile ho ba kamanong e tsitsitseng, 'me 89.2% e tlalehile ho kopanela liphate.
- OSA e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa e ne e le "ho sheba litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso" (99%), e lateloa ke "tlhahisoleseding ea ho batla" (67.7%) le "ho bala keletso ea thobalano" (66.2%).
- Phuputsong ea morao tjena, ba bangata ba barupeluoa e ne e le banna ba baholo ba ratanang le batho ba bong bo fapaneng ba kenang kamanong e tsitsitseng ba neng ba e-na le boemo bo phahameng ba thuto. Liphello li bontšitse hore boholo ba batho ba arabelitsoeng ba sebelisitse litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, tse lumellanang le liphello tsa lithuto tsa pele
- Mefuta e ka sehloohong ea litaba tse tlalehiloeng (ke hore, ho barupeluoa ba arabang bonyane "ho e-na le thahasello" kapa "thahasello e kholo"; n 396 ka lebaka la ho lahleheloa ke data) ba ne ba kopanela liphate (87.9%), thobalano ea molomo (77.8%), livideo tsa amateur (72%), mocha (67.7%), le ho kopanela liphate tsa anal (56.3%)
Karolo e mashome a mane a metso e robong eo ka nako e 'ngoe e boletsoeng ka litaba tsa thobalano kapa ho ameha ho li-OSA tseo pele li neng li sa thahasellise ho tsona kapa hore li nka ho nyonyeha,' me 61.7% e tlalehile hore bonyane ka linako tse ling li-OSA li amahanngoa le lihlong kapa maikutlo a molato. Qetellong, 27.6% ea sampula e ile ea itlhahloba hore na ho sebelisoa ha bona ho OSA e le bothata hakae. Har'a bona (n 118), 33.9% ba ne ba nahana ho kōpa thuso ea setsebi mabapi le li-OSA tsa bona
Re ile ra etsa qeto ea ho tlosa "ho kopana le basebeletsi ba thobalano" ho tsoa tlhahlobo, kaha boitšoaro bona bo tlalehiloe ka karolo e fokolang ea barupeluoa (5.6%) 'me kahoo ha e emela sekheo sa hona joale ha se bapisoa le mefuta e meng ea li-OSA tse khethiloeng
Liphuputso tse tharo tse fapaneng tsa khatello ea molao li ne li ngotsoe ho bolela esale pele tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi (ho latela s-IAT-Sex1) mabapi le mefuta e meraro ea lisosa tse kotsi: (a) mefuta ea OSA (mefuta e meraro), (b) sepheo sa ho sebelisa li-OSA ( mefuta e ts'eletseng), le (c) ho senyeha ha thobalano (mefuta e mehlano).
Tlhahlobo ea boraro ea ts'ebetso e bontšitse hore takatso ea ho kopanela liphate e phahameng, e khotsofatsang khotsofalo ea thobalano, le ts'ebetso e tlase ea erectile e bolela esale pele hore li-OSA li sebelisoa hampe
Tšebeliso e mpe ea OSA e ne e amahanngoa le mofuta o khethiloeng oa ho etsa mesebetsi (mesebetsi e tsosang mofuthu le mesebetsi ea boinotšing), sepheo se khethehileng (tsamaiso ea maikutlo a macha le ho sa tsebe letho), le ho se sebetse ka thobalano (takatso ea ho kopanela liphate, khotsofalo ea thobalano e tlase le mosebetsi o tlaase oa erectile) .Lipalo-palo tse ngata tsa khatello ea maikutlo li bontšitse hore har'a lisosa tsena tse kotsi, sepheo sa ho kopanela li-OSA li ne li amana haholo le matšoao a ho lemala.
Ntho ea bohlokoa ke hore le hoja liphello li bontšitse hore litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro li batloa ke banna ke "setso" (mohlala, thobalano, likamano tsa botona kapa tsa botšehali, libaesekopo tsa amateur), le li-paraphilic le tse sa tloaelehang (mohlala, fetishism, masochism / sadism) ho se batlisisoe hangata, hangata ho etsoa lipatlisiso (bacha, 67.7%; lihlopha tsa ho kopanela liphate / sehlopha sa lik'homphieutha, 43.2%; spanking, 22.2%; bukkake, 18.2%; le bokhoba, 15.9%).
Thuto e bontšitse joalo bobeli ba lits'ebeletso tsa boipheliso le balekane ba bona ba kopantsoe le ho ameha ka mathata.
Har'a lintlha tseo ho nahanoang ka tsona, re fumane hore sepheo sa ho kenya letsoho ho li-OSA li hlalosa boholo ba lisebelisuoa tsa lithethefatsi le hore tsamaiso ea mantlha ea maikutlo le ho sa tsejoe ka maikutlo a tloaelehileng li amahanngoa haholo le tšebeliso e mpe.
Mabapi le maikutlo a sa tsejoeng, maikutlo a rona a lumellana le a Ross et al. (2012), ea bontšitseng hore lithahasello tse tobileng tsa bootsoa li amahanngoa le tšebeliso e mpe ea li-OSA.
Liphello tsa thuto ea morao-rao li boetse li totobatsa hore banna ba bonang li-OSA tse tsietsing ba khetholloa ka ho fokotsa khotsofalo eohle le mosebetsi o tlase oa erectile.
Ka hona ba kanna ba sebelisa li-OSA ho khotsofatsa litlhoko tsa bona tsa thobalano ha ba ntse ba qoba mathata a amanang le ho tsoha ao ba bang le 'ona nakong ea thobalano ntle le thobalano. Leha ho le joalo, sena se ka baka selikalikoe se kotsi se nang le tšusumetso e mpe ho khotsofalo ea thobalano ka kakaretso. Liphuputso tsa rona le tsona li latela tsa Muise et al. (2013) e bonts'a hore banna ba tlaleha likhaohano tse ngata tsa thibelo ea kelello (ho bontša matšoenyeho le matšoenyeho a maholo nakong ea thobalano) ba hlahisa khatello e phahameng ea thobalano, hammoho le liphetho tsa phuputso ea morao-rao e hatisang hore makhetlo a mangata a ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa a amahanngoa le thabo e tlase le thobalano. kamano e haufi-ufi, hammoho le matšoenyeho mabapi le ts'ebetso ea thobalano le setšoantšo sa 'mele (Letsatsi, Marokho, Johnason & Ezzell, 2014). Liphuputso tsena ka hona li hlohlelletsa moralo oa lithuto tse ncha ho nyenyefatsa karolo ea lisosa tsa thobalano nts'etsopele le ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebeliso e thata ea OSA
Thuto ena ke eona ea pele ea ho batlisisa ka ho toba likamano pakeng tsa ho senyeha ha thobalano le ho ameha ka mathata ho li-OSA. Liphello li bontšitse hore takatso e phahameng ea ho kopanela liphate, ho khotsofatsa kakaretso ea thobalano, le ts'ebetso e tlaase ea erectile e ne e amahanngoa le li-OSA tse thata Litaba tsa hajoale li fana ka maikutlo a hore banna ba nang le bothata ba ho nka karolo ho li-OSA ba ka ba le takatso e matla ea thobalano e ka amanang le nts'etsopele ea boits'oaro bo feteletseng ba thobalano mme e ka hlalosa ka karolo e 'ngoe bothata ba ho laola takatso ena ea thobalano. Liphetho tsena li ka hokahanngoa le tsa lithuto tsa pejana tse tlalehang boemo bo phahameng ba ho tsoha kamanong le matšoao a bokhoba ba thobalano (Bancroft & Vukadinovic, 2004; Laier et al., 2013; Muise et al., 2013).
Patlisiso ea nako e tlang e lokela ho tsoelapele ho batlisisa karolo ea lisosa tse ikhethileng mabapi le nts'etsopele le tlhokomelo ea ho nka karolo ho hobe ha banna ho li-OSA. Haholo-holo, ho hlahlojoa ha likotsi tsa thobalano ho bonahala e le mokhoa o khahlisang oa lipatlisiso Ka sebele, lithuto tsa nako e tlang lia hlokahala molemong oa ho utloisisa likamano tse rarahaneng lipakeng tsa boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba thobalano. Ho fihlela joale, ts'ebeliso e thata ea li-OSA e se e nahannoe ka har'a sebopeho sa boits'oaro ntle le ho nahana ka ho ikhetholla le ho khetheha ha li-OSA, kapa ponahatso e matla ea ts'ebeliso e nang le mathata. Mohlala, lipuisano tsa boleng e ka ba mokhoa oa bohlokoa oa ho utloisisa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebeliso e nang le mathata ea OSA. Lithuto tsa nako e tlang le tsona li lokela ho etsoa ka mehlala ea bongaka, ho shebiloe mefuta ea morao-rao ea li-OSA joalo ka lipapali tsa thobalano tsa 3D tse kenyelletsang ho qoelisoa le ho bapala karolo ea karolo.
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