Leqephe lena le hlalosa ts'ebetso e ileng ea bona Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder e amoheloa ke Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo ho ICD-11. Sheba tlase ea leqephe bakeng sa lipampiri tse phehisanang khang ka sehlopha sa CSBD.
Makhoba a bootsoa a ka fumanoa ho sebelisoa Buka ea Tlhahlobo ea WHO (ICD-11)
Joalokaha u ka 'na ua utloa, ho 2013 bahlophisi ba Buka ea ho hlahloba le ea litlhahlobo (DSM-5), e thathamisang maloetse a bophelo bo botle ba kelello, a hana ho eketsa bothata bo bitsoang "Hypersexual Disorder." Ho tseba joalo ho ka be ho sebelisitsoe ho hlahloba lithethefatsi tsa boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate. Litsebi li re hore sena se bakile mathata a maholo ho ba utloang bohloko:
Ho khethoa hona ho sitisitse boiteko ba ho thibela, ho etsa lipatlisiso, le ho phekola, le ho tloha lingaka lingaka ntle le ho hlahlojoa ka molao bakeng sa khatello ea boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate.
Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo ho ba pholosa
The Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo e phatlalatsa buka ea eona ea ho hlahloba, e tsejoang e le Kemiso ea Machaba ea Maloetse (ICD), e kenyeletsang lintlha tsa ho hlahloba mafu ohle a tsejoang, ho akarelletsa le mathata a bophelo ba kelello. E sebelisoa lefatšeng ka bophara, 'me e hatisoa tlas'a copyright.
Joale ke hobane'ng ha DSM e sebelisoa haholo United States? APA e khothalletsa tšebeliso ea DSM ho e-na le ICD hobane APA e fumana liranta tse limilione ho rekisa thepa ea eona e nang le litokelo tsa molao tse amanang le DSM. Leha ho le joalo, libakeng tse ling lefatšeng, litsebi tse ngata li itšetlehile ka ICD ea mahala. Ha e le hantle, linomoro tsa khoutu libukeng tsena ka bobeli li lumellana le ICD.
Khatiso e latelang ea ICD, ICD-11, e amohetsoe ka Mots'eanong, 2019, 'me butle-butle e tla phatlalatsoa naheng ka bophara. Puo ea ho qetela ke ena.
Mongolo oa tlhahlobo ke ona:
6C72 Mathata a boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate e tšoauoa ka mokhoa o phehellang oa ho hloleha ho laola maikutlo a matla, a ipheta-phetang kapa litakatso tse bakang ho pheta-pheta boitšoaro ba thobalano. Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa ho pheta-pheta liketso tsa thobalano ho fetoha sepheo sa mantlha sa bophelo ba motho ho isa bohōleng ba ho hlokomoloha bophelo bo botle le tlhokomelo ea botho kapa lithahasello tse ling, mesebetsi le boikarabello; boiteko bo bongata bo sa atleheng ba ho fokotsa haholo ho ipheta-pheta boitšoaro ba thobalano; le ho tsoela pele ho pheta-pheta boitšoaro ba ho kopanela liphate ho sa tsotellehe liphello tse bohloko kapa ho fumana khotsofalo e nyenyane kapa ho se letho ho eona. Mokhoa oa ho hloleha ho laola maikutlo a matla, a ho kopanela liphate kapa litakatso le ho pheta-pheta boitšoaro ba ho kopanela liphate ho bonahala ka nako e telele (mohlala, likhoeli tsa 6 kapa ho feta), 'me e baka khatello e matla kapa ho senyeha ho hoholo ho motho ka mong, lelapa, sechaba, thuto, mosebetsi, kapa dibaka tse ding tsa bohlokwa tsa tshebetso. Matšoenyeho a amanang ka ho felletseng le likahlolo tsa boitšoaro le ho se amoheloe mabapi le litakatso tsa thobalano, litakatso, kapa boitšoaro ha lia lekana ho fihlela tlhoko ena.
Lintho tsa Bohlokoa (tse Hlokahalang):
Mokhoa o phehellang oa ho hloleha ho laola maikutlo a matla, a ipheta-phetang a thobalano kapa litakatso tse bakang ho ipheta-pheta boitšoarong ba thobalano, e hlahang ho e 'ngoe kapa ho feta tse latelang:
- Ho pheta-pheta boitšoaro ba thobalano e se e le ntho e ka sehloohong bophelong ba motho hoo a bileng a hlokomoloha bophelo bo botle le tlhokomelo ea hae kapa lithahasello tse ling, mesebetsi le boikarabello.
- Motho o entse matsapa a mangata a sa atleheng ho laola kapa ho fokotsa haholo boitsoaro bo iphetang ba thobalano.
- Motho o tsoela pele ho kopanela boitšoarong ba ho kopanela liphate ka makhetlo ho sa tsotellehe liphello tse bohloko (mohlala, likhohlano tsa lenyalo ka lebaka la boitšoaro ba thobalano, liphello tsa lichelete kapa tsa molao, phello e mpe bophelong bo botle).
- Motho o tsoela pele ho kopanela boitšoarong ba ho kopanela liphate ka makhetlo-khetlo le ha motho a sa khotsofatsoe ke hona kapa a sa khotsofatsoe ho hang.
Mokhoa oa ho hloleha ho laola litšusumetso tse matla, tse pheta-phetoang tsa thobalano kapa litakatso le boitšoaro bo pheta-phetoang ba thobalano bo bonahala ka nako e telele (mohlala, likhoeli tsa 6 kapa ho feta).
Mokhoa oa ho hloleha ho laola maikutlo a matla, a pheta-phetoang a thobalano kapa litakatso le boitšoaro bo pheta-phetoang ba thobalano ha bo baloe hamolemo ke lefu le leng la kelello (mohlala, Manic Episode) kapa boemo bo bong ba bongaka mme ha se ka lebaka la litlamorao tsa ntho kapa meriana.
Mokhoa oa ho pheta-pheta boits'oaro ba thobalano o fella ka khatello ea maikutlo kapa ho senyeha ho hoholo hoa botho, lelapa, sechabeng, thutong, mosebetsing kapa libakeng tse ling tsa bohlokoa tsa ts'ebetso. Matšoenyeho a amanang ka ho felletseng le likahlolo tsa boitšoaro le ho se amoheloe mabapi le litakatso tsa thobalano, litakatso, kapa boitšoaro ha lia lekana ho fihlela tlhoko ena.
Tse ncha "Mathata a boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate” (CSBD) ho hlahlojoa ho thusa batho ho fumana phekolo le ho thusa bafuputsi ho batlisisa tšebeliso ea bootsoa e qobelloang. Leha ho le joalo, tšimo ena e na le lipolotiki hoo litsebi tse ling tsa thobalano li 'nileng tsa tsoela pele letšolo la tsona la ho latola hore lefu lena le akaretsa tšebeliso ea bootsoa e qobelloang. Sena ke empa skirmish morao-rao ka letsholo le letelele haholo. Bakeng sa lintlha tse ling mabapi le boiteko ba morao-rao, bona Li-propagandists li bua hampe litokomane tse hlahlobiloeng ke lithaka le likarabo tsa lipatlisiso tsa ICD-11 ho fana ka boipiletso ba bohata ba hore ICD-11 ea WHO "e hanne lithethefatsi tsa bootsoa le ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate".
Ka 2022, ICD-11 e ile ea leka ho felisa mashano a mashano a litsebi tsa thobalano ka ho hlahloba "Likarolo tse Eketsehileng tsa Clinical” ho bua ka “tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa” ka ho khetheha.
Bothata ba Boitšoaro bo Kopanetsoeng ba ho Kopanela Liphate bo ka hlahisoa ka mekhoa e fapaneng, ho kenyelletsa boitšoaro ba thobalano le ba bang, ho pholla litho tsa botona kapa botšehali ho li khotsofatsa, tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, cybersex (internet sex), ho kopanela liphate ka thelefono, le mefuta e meng ea boitsoaro bo ipheta-phetang ba thobalano.
Hajoale, ICD-11 e amohetse mokhoa oa ho boloka, oa ho leta le ho bona mme e behile CSBD sehlopheng sa "Impulse control disorders" (e leng moo papali ea chelete e qalileng pele e isoa sehlopheng se bitsoang "Mathata a bakoang ke ho sebelisa lithethefatsi kapa boits'oaro bo lemalloang.” Lipatlisiso tse ling li tla tseba hore na e tla phomola hokae. (Ho sa le joalo, DSM e laoloang ke sexology e ntlafalitsoe ntle le ho kenyelletsa CSBD ho hang! Hoa tšosa.
Khang ea thuto e ntse e tsoela pele, joalo ka ha u bona botlaaseng ba leqephe lena. Litsebi tsa methapo ea kutlo le litsebi tsa bokhoba ba tahi li tsoelapele ka mahlale a tsona a mantlha a thehiloeng ho liphetoho tsa boko tse tloaelehileng ho tse ling tsohle tse lemalloang (boitšoaro le lintho). Litsebi tsa thobalano li tsoela pele ho sireletsa liphuputso tsa bona tse ka holimo-limo, tse atisang ho etsoa ke li-ajenda ("porn e ke ke ea e-ba bothata") boiteko ba lipatlisiso le liphatlalatso.
Mekhoa ea metheo
Lithaba tsa lipatlisiso li senola hore bokhoba ba boitšoaro (lijo tse lemalla lijo, papali ea papali ea chelete, papali ea video, Inthaneteng e lemalla 'me ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate) le lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi li na le tse ngata tse tšoanang mekhoa ea motheo e lebisang ho pokello ea liphetoho tse arolelanoeng ka mokhoa oa boko ba bokhoni le oa chemistry.
Ka lebaka la tsoelo-pele ea morao-rao ea saense, linyatso tsa mokhoa oa ho lemalla boitšoaro ba ho kopanela liphate li ntse li se na motheo ebile li siiloe ke nako ('me ha ho liphuputso tse ntseng li fosahetse mokhoa oa ho lemalla lithethefatsi). Ho tšehetsa mohlala oa ho lemaletse, ho na le hona joale lithuto tse fetang 60 tsa methapo ea kutlo ho basebelisi ba bootsoa / makhoba a thobalano. Ntle le mokhelo o le mong feela, ba senola liphetoho tsa boko tse bonts'ang tse etsahalang ho makhoba a lithethefatsi (le litlhahlobo tse ngata tsa li-neuroscience tsa lingoliloeng). Holim'a moo, Liphuputso tse ngata li tlaleha liphuputso tse tsamaellanang le ho eketseha ha tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (mamello), tloaelo ea bootsoa, esita le matšoao a ho tlohela. - tseo kaofela e leng matšoao a bohlokoa a bokhoba ba tahi.
Litaba tsa bohlokoa
ICD e tšehelitsoe ke Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo. Ho ea ka Morero oa ICD, “E lumella lefatše ho bapisa le ho arolelana litaba tsa bophelo bo botle ka puo e tloaelehileng. ICD e hlalosa bokahohle ba maloetse, mathata, likotsi le maemo a mang a amanang le bophelo bo botle. Mekhatlo ena e thathamisitsoe ka mokhoa o pharaletseng e le hore ntho e ’ngoe le e ’ngoe e koaheloe.” (Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo, 2018). Ka hona, sepheo ke ho koahela bothata bo bong le bo bong bo loketseng ba bophelo bo botle, e le hore bo ka lateloa le ho ithutoa lefatšeng ka bophara.
Lingaka tsohle (lingaka tsa mafu a kelello, litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello, litsebi tsa kelello tsa bongaka, ba fanang ka kalafo ea bokhoba ba tahi le ba sebetsang ho thibela) ba rata ka matla tlhahlobo ea ICD ea CSBD.
Leha ho le joalo, hopola hore ho na le litloaelo tse ling. Ka mohlala, batho ba bangata bao e seng lingaka, ba na le merero ea bona. Ba ka ba ba e-na le litšusumetso tse loantšanang le ho fumana bakuli thuso eo ba e hlokang, ’me ka linako tse ling ba ba le mantsoe a phahameng haholo likoranteng. Lihlopha tseo ka linako tse ling li oelang sehlopheng sena sa bao e seng lingaka li ka fumanoa mecheng ea litaba tsa kelello tse tloaelehileng, indasteri ea lipapali le ea bootsoa (le bafuputsi ba bona), litsebi tsa kahisano, litsebi tse ling tsa thobalano le bafuputsi ba mecha ea litaba.
Ke ntho e tloaelehileng hore liindasteri tse kholo li lefe "baeta-pele ba nahanang" ba nang le maikutlo a mangata ho bua ka boemo boo liindasteri tse joalo li ka ratang ho bona e le / lula e le leano. Kahoo, ha u ntse u bala lingoloa likoranteng tse kholo, hopola hore lithuto tse fapaneng li kanna tsa ba le sepheo se fapaneng haholo. Ke bohlale ho ipotsa hore na sepheo sa babuelli se itseng se ntšetsa pele boiketlo ba batho, kapa se sitisa boiketlo ba batho.
Khang ea Sehlopha: Lipampiri tse mabapi le mokhoa oa ho beha CSBD hantle ho ICD-11 (ka lintlha tse qotsitsoeng ho tsoa ho ba bang):
Bothata ba Boitšoaro ba ho Kopanela Liphate ha boa lokela ho aroloa ka ho itšetleha feela ka likaroloana / matšoao a matšoao • Maikutlo a ngangisano: "Ho lemalla boits'oaro ho ICD-11" (2022)
E tsamaellana le mekhoa ea sejoale-joale ea ho nahana ka boits'oaro bo lemalloang (mohlala, Brand et al., 2019; Perales et al., 2020), re pheha khang ea hore ho nahana ka pono e thehiloeng ho ts'ebetso ho tla thusa ho hlakisa hore na CSBD e kanna ea nahanoa hantle ka har'a moralo oa bokhoba.
Ka pampiri ena ea litlhaloso, ho tšohloa haeba Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) e arotsoe hantle ka ho fetisisa e le Impulse Control Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder kapa ho latela ho kopana ha litšobotsi tse nang le Bothata ba Lipapali le Papali ea Papali e le boitšoaro bo hlephileng. Likarolo tse nyallanang ke: tahlehelo ea taolo holim'a boitšoaro bo fetelletseng, ho fana ka pele boitšoarong bo fetelletseng bo etsoang lipatlisisong le ho tšehetsa boitšoaro bo joalo leha ho na le litlamorao tse mpe. Ntle le bopaki bo matla mabapi le mekhoa ea motheo, phenomenology e boetse e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho arola CSBD ka nepo. Likarolo tsa phenomenological tsa CSBD li bua ka mokhoa o hlakileng ea ho khetholla CSBD tlas'a sekhele sa boitšoaro bo hlephileng.
ho phaella mosebetsing oa tjantjello e mpe ya matlafatso hore Gola et al. (2022) hlalosa e le tsela e ka sehloohong ea tsoelo-pele ea CSBD, ka bongaka, bonyane qalong ea ts'ebetso ea tsoelo-pele e tšoanang le tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi. tjantjello e matlafatsang hangata li bohlokoa haholo. Sena se fetoha nakong ea tsoelopele4. Setšoantšo sa 1 e bontša kamoo sena se ka lebisang ho matšoao a "tamala joalo ka" ka likarolo tsa ts'usumetso, khatello le bokhoba.
Le hoja Brand le basebetsi-'moho ba tsepamisitse maikutlo tabeng ea hore na likhopolo le mekhoa e ka sehloohong ea boitšoaro bo hlephileng e sebetsa ho bokhoba ba boitšoaro bo reriloeng bo utloahala ka ho feletseng, re ka lebella 'me re lokela ho khothaletsa lipuisano mabapi le mekhoa e nepahetseng ea mekhoa le mekhoa ea ho lemalla ...
..bohlokoa ba mokhoa o fetelletseng oa bophelo bo botle ba kelello ba sechaba mabapi le tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi le maemo a amanang le bokhoba ke ba bohlokoa bakeng sa phokotso ea kotsi. Moo lithuto tse tsoang mosebetsing mabapi le mekhoa ea bophelo bo botle ba kelello ea sechaba mabapi le bothata ba tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi le bothata ba papali ea chelete, li amanang le bokhoba ba boitšoaro bo reriloeng, sena e ka 'na ea e-ba lebaka le khethehileng la ho kenngoa ha bona tlas'a rubriki ena.
Tlhaloso ena e hlahloba tlhahiso e entsoeng ke Brand et al. (2022) mabapi le moralo o hlalosang mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho nahana ka bokhoba ba boitšoaro bo ka bang teng ka har'a sehlopha sa hajoale sa Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo sa Sehlopha sa Mafu (ICD-11) sa 'mathata a mang a boletsoeng ka lebaka la boitšoaro bo hlephileng'. Re lumellana le moralo kaha o totobatsa pono ea kliniki e hlokang lihlopha tse lumellanoeng le mekhoa ea ho hlahisa mekhoa e sebetsang ea tlhahlobo le liphekolo tse sebetsang hantle. Ho feta moo, re fana ka maikutlo a ho kenyelletsa tlhoko ea ho lemoha boitšoaro bo ka bang lemalla ka ho kenyelletsa ntlha ea bone ea boemo ba meta: 'bopaki ba lingoliloeng tse bohlooho'.
Mathata a bakoang ke boits'oaro bo lemalloang: Litaba tse ling, likhang le likhang • Maikutlo a ngangisano: "Ho lemalla boits'oaro ho ICD-11" (2022)
Ho fapanyetsana ka lihlopha, mokhoa oa mabitso, le mekhoa ea tlhahlobo ea Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) le litaelo tsa nako e tlang • Maikutlo a ngangisano: "Ho lemalla boits'oaro ho ICD-11 (2022)
Maikutlo a bophelo bo botle ba kelello le thobalano ea Sehlopha sa Machaba sa Mafu (ICD-11) Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder • Tlhaloso ea ngangisano: "Ho lemalla boitšoaro ho ICD-11" (2022)
Na boitšoaro bo qobelloang ba thobalano (CSB) bo lokela ho nkoa e le bokhoba ba boitšoaro? Pampiri ea lipuisano e hlahisang maikutlo a hanyetsanang (2022)
Mekhoa ea ho theha bokhoba bo bocha ba boits'oaro • Tlhaloso ea ngangisano: "Ho lemalla boits'oaro ho ICD-11"(2022)
Tekolo ea bothata bo qobelloang ba boitšoaro ba ho kopanela liphate har'a li-lesbiene, gay, bisexual, transgender, le queer clients • Maikutlo a ngangisano: "Makhoba a boitšoaro ho ICD-11" (2022)
Mathata a bakoang ke boits'oaro bo lemalloang: Litaba tse ling, litsekisano le likhang • Maikutlo a phehisano: "Makhoba a boitšoaro ho ICD-11"(2022)
Maikutlo a bophelo bo botle ba kelello le thobalano ea Sehlopha sa Machaba sa Mafu (ICD-11) Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (ka ba latolang bokhoba ba tahi)
Phetoho. Sheba lihlooho tsena tsa 2 bakeng sa ho feta:
- 'Boitšoaro bo Bobe ba ho Kopanela Liphate' Ho thoe ke Mental Health Disorder ea Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (ka Motheo oa Moputso)
- Li-Propagandists li senya litokomane hampe ho fana ka maikutlo a bohata a hore ICD-11 ea WHO "e hanne ho lemalla lit soant so tsa bootsoa le ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate"
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