Li-neurone tsa Dopamine li etsa hore ho be le tšusumetso e matla ea li-Pavlovian tse nang le litšobotsi tse susumelletsang potoloho.

Nat Neurosci. 2018 Aug; 21 (8): 1072-1083. doi: 10.1038 / s41593-018-0191-4. Epub 2018 Jul 23.

Saund BT1,2,3, Richard JM4,5,6, Margolis EB7, Janak PH8,9,10.

inahaneloang

Litloaelo tsa tikoloho, ka ho ithuta ha Pavlovian, li fetoha maemo a tataisang liphoofolo ho fumana meputso (mohlala, lijo) tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ho phela. Re ile ra leka karolo ea mantlha ea li-neurop tsa dopamine neurons ho fetisetseng thepa ea ho rera le e susumetsang ho li-cues, ntle le moputso oa kantle. Re fumane hore khutsufatso ea phasic optogenetic e khutšoane ea li-dopamine neurons, ha e hlahisoa mokhatlong oa nakoana oa methapo ea kutlo, e ne e lekane ho tiisa likhakanyo tseo ka sepheo sa hore ka mor'a moo ka bobeli ba etsa ts'ebetso ea dopamine ea neuron ka bo bona le boiphihlelo ba maemo a hloahloa a cue. Haholo-holo re bonts'a mesebetsi e arotsoeng haholo bakeng sa litlatsetso tsa dopamine neuron tse kenang libakeng tse fapaneng tsa striatum, e senola li-dopamine tsa dissociable system tsa mofuta oa boleng ba tšusumetso le boemo bo matla ba ho tsamaea. Liphetho tsa rona li bonts'a hore dopamine neurons orchestrate Pavlovian e boemo bo sebetsang ka tsela e sebetsang, e nang le liphatlalatso tse ikhethileng tsa potoloho ho theha boits'oaro, le boits'oaro bo laoloang ke cue.

PMID: 30038277

PMCID: PMC6082399

DOI:10.1038/s41593-018-0191-4


Bafuputsi ba ithuta hore na mekhoa ea boitšoaro e tsamaisa boitšoaro ba rona joang

  • Letsatsi: August 2, 2018

Na li-neuron tsa dopamine li na le karolo ea ho etsa hore li-cues tse tikolohong ea rona li fumane boleng? Mme, haeba ho joalo, na lihlopha tse fapaneng tsa "dopamine neuron" li sebeletsa mesebetsi e fapaneng ka har'a ts'ebetso ee?

Tsena ke lipotso tseo bafuputsi ba Univesithing ea Minnesota Medical School ba batlang ho li araba.

Patlisiso ea morao tjena e phatlalalitsoe ka Nature Neuroscience Setsebi sa methapo ea kutlo sa Univesithi ea Minnesota ea Sekolo sa Bongaka Benjamin Saunders, PhD, se sebelisa mofuta oa boemo ba Pavlovia ho bona hore na ho bonesa lebone - leseli le bonolo - pejana feela ha li-dopamine neurons li ka ts'oaroa li ka susumetsa ketso. Moetso oa khale oa Pavlov o ne o kopanya ho lla ha tšepe le ho fa ntja e lutlisang mathe eo, ha nako e ntse e tsamaea, e ileng ea etsa hore ntja e rothe ha tšepe e lla kapa e se na steak. Phuputsong ena, leha ho le joalo, ho ne ho se na moputso oa "'nete" joalo ka lijo kapa metsi, molemong oa ho lumella bafuputsi ho arola ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea dopamine neuron.

"Re ne re batla ho tseba hore na li-neuron tsa dopamine li ikarabella ka kotloloho bakeng sa ho fana ka boleng ho mekhoa ena ea nakoana ea tikoloho, joalo ka matšoao," ho boletse Saunders, ea ileng a etsa tse ling tsa lipatlisiso tsa hae e le motho ea sebetsang ka morao ho laboratori ea Patricia Janak, PhD, ho Johns Univesithi ea Hopkins.

Dopamine neurons, lisele tse bokong tse bulehang ha li fumana moputso. Hape ke li-neuron tse senyehang lefung la Parkinson.

"Re ithutile hore li-dopamine neurons ke tsela e 'ngoe eo boko ba rona bo fanang ka lintlha tse re potileng moelelo," ho boletse Saunders. "Ts'ebetso ea li-dopamine neurons feela - leha lijo li le sieo, lithethefatsi, kapa lintho tse ling tse putsoang ka tlhaho - e ka hlahisa maikutlo a bohlokoa, ea li fa matla a ho susumetsa liketso."

Ho arabela potso ea bobeli ea mantlha, bafuputsi ba ile ba lebisa tlhokomelo ho likarolo tse ikhethileng tsa li-dopamine neurons - tse fumanehang sebakeng se seholo sa nigra (SNc) le tse fumanehang sebakeng sa ventral tegmental (VTA). Mefuta ena e 'meli ea li-neuron e kile ea ithutoa makaleng a fapaneng a lipatlisiso tsa mafu - li-neuron tsa SNc ho lefu la Parkinson, le li-neurone tsa VTA lithutong tsa bokhoba.

Bo-rasaense ba ithutile hore lintlha tse bolelang esale pele ts'ebetsong ea mefuta e 'meli ea li-neurone li khanna likarabo tse fapaneng haholo - tse bolelang esale pele hore li-neuron tsa SNc li lebisitse karabong ea karabelo ea "tsoha' me e tsamaee" ea motsamao o potlakileng o matlafalitsoeng. Tlhahiso e boletsoeng esale pele ea ts'ebetso ea VTA neuron activation, leha ho le joalo, e ile ea hohela ka boyona, ea khannela sebaka sa sebaka sa cue, mofuta oa "ke ea kae?" karabo.

"Liphetho tsa rona li senola likarolo tse ts'oanang tsa ho susumetsa li-dopamine neurons ho arabela lits'oants'o. Boemong ba 'nete ba lefatše, mefuta eohle ea tšusumetso e bohlokoa, "ho boletse Saunders. "U tlameha ho khothala ho potoloha le ho itšoara hantle, 'me u tlameha ho khothaletsoa ho ea sebakeng se itseng sa lintho tseo u li batlang le tseo u li hlokang."

Liphetho tsena li fana ka kutloisiso ea bohlokoa mabapi le ts'ebetso ea li-dopamine neurons tse amanang le li susumetso tse susumetsoang ke likhakanyo tsa tikoloho. Mme mosebetsi ona o thusa kutloisisong ea ho khutla hape bakeng sa ba loanang le bokhoba ba ho lemalla.

"Haeba ho tseba - letshwao, mokokotlo, bareng e ratoang - e nka boleng bo matla ba ts'usumetso, ho tla ba thata ho hanela lisosa tsa ho oela hape," ho boletse Saunders. "Rea tseba hore dopamine e ea ameha, empa sepheo sa bohlokoa bakeng sa lithuto tsa nako e tlang ke ho utloisisa hore na tšusumetso e tloaelehileng, e phelisang hantle e fapana joang le tšusumetso e sa sebetseng e hlahang bathong ba nang le lithethefatsi le mafu a amanang le ona."

Mohloli oa Pale

thepa fanoeng ke Univesithi ea Minnesota Medical School. Tlhokomeliso: Boitsebiso bo ka fetoha bakeng sa mokhoa le bolelele.


Journal Reference:

  1. Benjamin T. Saunders, Jocelyn M. Richard, Elyssa B. Margolis, Patricia H. Janak. Li-neuron tsa dopamine li theha maemo a ts'oaetso a Pavlovian a nang le likarolo tsa tšusumetso tse hlalositsoeng ka potoloho. Nature Neuroscience, 2018; 21 (8): 1072 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-018-0191-4