Hobaneng ha 'Ho Batla' Le 'Ho Rata' Ho Hong ka Nako e le 'Ngoe ho Thata
Mar. 3, 2007 - Ho batla le ho rata ke litakatso tse arohaneng tse laoloang ke lipotoloho tse fapaneng tsa boko mme ha li kopantsoe hang-hang, tšusumetso bokong e matla haholo, ho latela lipatlisiso tsa University of Michigan.
Phuputso ea UM e tlaleha hore boko bo arola ho batla le ho rata ka lipotoloho tse arohaneng bakeng sa moputso o ts'oanang o monate. Lik'hemik'hale tsa tlhaho tse tšoanang le heroine (li-opioid) "bokong ba boithabiso" bo etsa hore batho ba batle ho ja lijo tse tsoekere tse hlabosang, 'me ba li etse tatso ea tsona e tsoekere ha ba e ja, thuto e re. Ho etsahala ntho e ts'oanang le ho lemalla lithethefatsi, thobalano, papali ea chelete le lintho tse ling tse amanang le lipotoloho tsa "moputso oa boko". Phuputso e hlahisitsoe ho Journal of Neuroscience.
Bafuputsi ba psychology ba UM Kyle Smith le Kent Berridge ba bonts'a hore lipotoloho tse peli tse fapaneng tsa boko li phetha thato le monate oa moputso o motle, leha li bobeli li kopantsoe kelellong e le 'ngoe ea kelello.
"Ka tloaelo re batla seo re se ratang, mme re rata seo re se batlang," ho boletse Smith. "Empa liphetho tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore ho batla le ho rata ho sebetsoa ke lipotoloho tse ikhethileng tsa boko mme e kanna ea se tsamaisane ka mehla."
Litsebi li kenya sethethefatsi sa opioid (Damgo) sebakeng se thobang kelellong ea likhoto — karolong e ka pele ea bokong — se sebelisa mokhoa o se nang bohloko oa ho hlahisa marotholi a manyane a lik'hemik'hale bokong ba boko ntle le ho sitisa likhoto.
Opioid e entse hore likhoto li batle ho ja lijo tse fetang makhetlo a mararo ho feta tloaelo, le ho bonts'a palo e tloaelehileng ea "ho rata" habeli ha ba latsoa tsoekere. Mantsoe a "ratang" ke lipolelo tse ntle tse nyekang molomo tse tšoanang le likhoto, litšoene, litšoene esita le masea a batho.
"Boko bo bonahala bo le thata ho feta mekhoa ea boithabiso ho feta takatso," ho boletse Berridge.
E le ho khaotsa ho potoloha ha boko, baetsi ba liteko ka nako e tšoanang ba ile ba etsa microinjection e 'ngoe ea k'hemik'hale e hatellang opioid - ka tsela e fapaneng ea mokokotlo ea kelello meketeng e meng.
K'hemik'hale e hatellang ea opioid sebakeng seo sa bobeli sa hotspot e thibetse ka botlalo keketseho efe kapa efe ea ho rata tatso ea tsoekere hore e hlahisoe ke sethethefatsi sa pele sa activio sa opioid se bokong.
Empa ts'ebetso ea opioid-in nucleus accumbens e ntse e baka likhoto ho batla ho ja makhetlo a mararo lijo tse tloaelehileng, leha "ho e rata" ho eketsehileng ho ne ho felile.
Kamora nako, baetsi ba liteko ba ile ba hlahloba methapo ea boko e kenyelletsang ho sebelisa mokhoa o bitsoang Fos map, ho latela liphetoho tsa mmala oa li-circuits tse itseng tsa neural tse neng li hlohlellelitsoe ho etsa liprotheine ka lithethefatsi tsa opioid, tse hlahang haeba lithane tsa boko li phekoloa ka khemikhale hamorao.
Potoloho e le 'ngoe e pakeng tsa hotspots e fumanoe e lula e ts'ehetsoa ke li-microinjection tse ileng tsa etsa hore ho be monate. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, potoloho e fapaneng e tsoang ho li-nucleus accumbens e ile ea hlaha e baka ts'abo ka ho ea ho hypothalamus ho fapana.
Se fumanoeng se fana ka maikutlo a hore ho rata le ho batla lijo tse monate ho ka fetoha hammoho kapa ho fetoha ka thoko, ho latela hore na ho na le lipotoloho tsa bokong tse joang. Mohlala, mathata a fapa-fapaneng a ho ja a ka kenyelletsa mekhoa e fapaneng ea ts'ebetso makaleng a mabeli a boko, mohlomong ho arola ho rata ho hlaha maemong a mang empa eseng ho a mang.
"Ho thata haholo hore boko bo hlahise monyaka, hobane bo hloka ho kenya libaka tse fapaneng tsa opioid mmoho ho etsa hore o rate ho hong hape," ho boletse Berridge. “Ho bonolo ho etsa hore takatso e be teng, hobane boko bo na le litsela tse 'maloa tse batlang' mosebetsi oo. Ka linako tse ling boko bo ka rata meputso eo bo e batlang. Empa ka linako tse ling e ba batla feela. ”
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