Litoeba tsa ho itlhakisa: Mohlala oa boitšoaro bo feteletseng bo feteletseng? (2006)

. Mongolo o ngotsoeng ka letsoho; e fumanehang ho PMC 2007 Jan 15.

E hatisitsoe ka mokhoa o qetelle o hlophisitsoeng e le:

PMCID: PMC1769467

NIHMSID: NIHMS15066

inahaneloang

Boitšoaro bo bobe bo feteletseng ba (IEB) bo tšoaea litšitiso tse fapaneng tsa batho ho kenyeletsa ho ja ho itlopa joala, tšebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi, botahoa, boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate, le papali ea papali ea chelete. Co-morbidity ea Clinical e teng har'a IEB, 'me likhetho tse fokolang tsa kalafo lia fumaneha. Ts'ebeliso ea mefuta ea boits'oaro ba ho itlopa lijo le liprotheine tse ling tsa ho fepa li qala ho hlakisa ho tšoana le liphapang tse teng pakeng tsa IEB e lebisitsoeng ho fumana le ho ja lijo le IEB e lebisitsoeng ho fumana le ho ja lithethefatsi tsa tlhekefetso. Patlisiso e tsoang laboratoring ena e sebelisa mokhoa o lekanyelitsoeng oa ho ja mofuta oa ho itlopa lijo e ka fana ka leseli le lecha ho IEB.

Keywords: Ho ja ho itlopa joala, tlhekefetso ea lithethefatsi, mefuta e metle ea boitšoaro

Litloaelo tse khahlano le hofe kapa hofe?

Boitšoaro bo fetelletseng ba nako e telele (IEB) bo tšoaea mathata a fapaneng a batho ho kenyelletsa ho itlopa joala, ts'ebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi, joala, boits'oaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate le ho qobella ho becha. Boitšoaro bona bo amahanngoa le ho eketseha ha mafu le lefu, empa lia bolokoa ho sa natsoe litlamorao tse mpe tse amanang le tsona. Lilemong tse mashome a seng makae tse fetileng, ho lebisitsoe tlhokomelo e eketsehileng ho utloisisa motheo oa methapo ea pelo ea linako tse fetelletseng tsa boits'oaro, ka boiteko bo khethehileng bo shebaneng le ho fokotsa ts'ebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi le tšebeliso e fetelletseng ea lijo. Tšepo ke hore ho hlakisoa ha litšiea tsa "neurobiological" tsa mofuta o mong oa boitšoaro (mohlala, ho fepa) ho tla matlafatsa kutloisiso ea rona ea mefuta e meng ea boits'oaro (mohlala, ts'ebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi). Sena se tla fana ka motheo oa nts'etsopele ea lits'ebetso tse ncha tsa kalafo tse ka sebetsang mathateng a fapaneng. Le ha ho le joalo, litlaleho tsa morao-rao li bonts'a khatelo-pele kalafong ea litlhare tsa mathata a amanang le ho itlopa joala le lithethefatsi tse ling, likhetho tsa kalafo li lula li lekantsoe mme litefiso tsa ho khutlela morao li phahame (de Lima, Soares, Reisser, & Farrellde, 2002; ; ; ; ).

Bathong, IEB e lebisitsoeng ho jang lijo mohlomong e bonts'oa hantle ke ho itlopa lijo. Ho ja ho feta tekano ho kenyelletsa ho ja nako e telele ea lijo ka nako e khutšoanyane ka tekanyo e fetang eo batho ba bangata ba ka e jang maemong a tšoanang. Ho itlopa bona ho ka ba ha latela kapa ho se lateloe ke boits'oaro bo tlatsetsang bo kang ho hlatsa ('ho hlatsoa'), ho itima lijo kapa ho ikoetlisa ka ho feteletseng. Mathateng a amanang le ho ja ho amanang le ho itlopa lijo, ho itlopa lijo hangata ho etsahala ka nako e telele mme ho amana le maikutlo a ho lahleheloa ke taolo le khatello ea maikutlo ().

Ho itlopa lijo ka tsela e tšoanang ho arolelana metlae le IEB e 'ngoe. Mohlala, bakuli ba batlang kalafo ea joala le ts'ebeliso e mpe ea koae ba ja koae.; ), le baahi ba batlang kalafo bakeng sa mathata a ho ja a amanang le ho ja ba na le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa tlhekefetso ea lithethefatsi, haholoholo ea joala le cocaine (; ; ; ; ; ). Kamano e pakeng tsa ho ja ho becha le ho becha le eona e tlalehiloe ().

The comorbidity har'a IEB e fana ka maikutlo a hore mekhoa e sebelisang mekhoa ena e mengata e ka feta. Mefuta ea liphoofolo e hlokahala ho hlahloba liphetoho tse etsahalang nakong ea ntlafatso ea IEB, ho e lokisa le ho khutla hape le ho bapisa ho tšoana le ho fapana lipakeng tsa lihlopha tse fapaneng tsa IEB. Li-protocol tse sebelisang meputso ea tlhaho joalo ka lijo li khahloa haholo ke bokhoni ba tsona ba ho senola liphetoho tse etsahalang ha nako le nako boits'oaro bo tloaelehileng bo fetoloa, bo pheta-pheta, boitshwaro bo bobe. Ho khothalelitsoe mekhoa e mengata ea ho ja mofuta oa ho itlopa lijo, e sa tsoa hlahlojoa (). Ts'ebeliso ea liprotheine tsena le tse ling li se li qala ho hlakisa ho tšoana le liphapang tse teng pakeng tsa IEB e lebisitsoeng ho lijo le IEB e lebisitsoeng ho lithethefatsi tsa tlhekefetso (mohlala, ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ).

Likokoanyana tse jang le IEB

Protocol e lekantsoeng ea ho fihlella

Patlisiso e tsoang laboratoring ena e lebisitsoe ho nts'etsopele mokhoa oa ho ja o jang mofuta o sa hloke thibelo ea matla, molemong oa ho fokotsa likhohlano tse ka bang teng tse amanang le khaello ea lijo. Ka hona, li-laboratori tse phethahetseng tsa phepo e nepahetseng le metsi li fanoa ka linako tsohle ho protocol ea rona. Ho khothaletsa ho ja mofuta oa ho itlopa lijo, ho fanoa ka mokhoa o lekantsoeng oa mohloli oa mafura oa lijo (ho khutsufatsa hoa meroho ea hydrogen). Patlisiso ea rona e bontšitse hore, ha phihlello ea lits'oaetso e fokotseha, ts'ebeliso ea likhokahanyo e eketseha nakong ea phihlello e lekanyelitsoeng ea 2-h (; ; ; ). Ha likhoto li na le phihlello ea ho khutsufatsa ha 2 h makhetlo a mararo ka beke, ho ja nakong ea phihlello ea 2-h ho phahame haholo, ke ho re, ho lekana le likhoto tse nang le phihlello e tsoelang pele ea ho khutsisa tšebeliso ho 24 h. Ho theha metheo ena e phahameng ho nka libeke tsa 4. Leha ho le joalo, hang ha e thehiloe, boitšoaro bo bolokoa habonolo. Protocol ena e fana ka mekhoa e bonolo le e theko e tlaase ea ho theha IEB e ka bolokang nako e telele e telele. Ketsahalo ena e matla ebile ea ts'epahala, joalo ka ha re e bontšitse mefuteng e fapaneng ea lilemo le likhoto (), hammoho le ho banna le basali; ).

Likhoto tse nang le phihlello ea ho khutsufatsa bakeng sa 2 h ka Mon, Weds, Fri (MWF) beke e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ha li lefelle matla a mangata a sebelisitsoeng nakong ea ho otsela ho 22 h ho latela karolo e otlang. Ka mantsoe a mang, ho kenella ka bongata nakong ea ho beoa ha 2-h ho baka tšitiso e kholo ea 24-h ka letsatsi la ho itlopa. Leha ho le joalo, ka matsatsi a latelang a se nang ho itlopa lijo, matla a 24-h a fokotsehile. Kahoo, mokhoa oa ho itlopa o kopantseng litšitšili tsa MWF, le ha o sa fuoe lijo; ke feela phihlello ea bona ho khutsufatso e lekanyelitsoeng. Tsela eo ba jang lijo ka eona ho likhoto tsa MWF e fapane le ea likhoto tse bolokiloeng lenaneong la nako le nako la ho fihlella la 2-h. Ts'ebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea lijo tsa 24-h litsing tseo ha e fapana le taolo ea chow-feela ka matsatsi a mangata.

Taba ea hore ho itlopa lijo ka har'a protocol e lekanyelitsoeng e hlahisoa ke ho fokotsa lijo tse ratoang ke mafura a mangata, hobane lijo tse kulisoang ke batho hangata li na le lintho tse 'thibetsoeng tse hanetsoeng' tse nang le lijo tse matla joalo ka lijo tse bobebe. ; ; ; ; ). Ntle le moo, ho fokotsa ho fihlella lijo tse se nang phepo ho eketsa tšebeliso ea bona kamora sebaka se laoloang sa laboratoring). Taba ea hore likhoto tse fumanehang ka har'a protocol e fihlellehileng ha e fuoe lijo li bohlokoa hape, kaha ho ja ka lebaka la tlala ho bile le kamano le ho itlopa lijo ho batho (). Boitšoaro ba liphoofolo ka har'a protocol e lekantsoeng ea ho fihlella, bo na le bohlokoa ba ho ja lijo tsa batho, 'me ho joalo ka mekhoa e meng ea batho ba nang le bothata ba ho ja.

Li-peptide tse tataisang tšebeliso ea mafura ha li na thuso tlasa maemo a fokolang a phihlello

Liprothong tseo e seng tsa ho itlopa ka tsona, galain e hlohlelletsa takatso ea lijo tse mafura ha e kenngoa ka kotlolloho kahare ho mothapo o moholo oa moea oa hypothalamus (; ), mme Galanin antagonist M40 e fokotsa ho nona haholo (). Leha ho le joalo, ha e lekoa tlas'a maemo a fokolang a phihlello ha ho na galamin kapa M40 e ileng ea ama mafura a mangata (). Liphetho tse tšoanang li fumanoe ka enterostatin, neuropeptide e nahanang ho kenya letsoho ho satiety e nang le mafura a mangata (). Ka mantsoe a mang, enterostatin e ne e se na tšusumetso ea letho mafung a lijo (; , ). Liphumano tsena li bonts'a hore neurobiology ea ho ja mafura tlasa maemo a fokolang a ho fihlella e fapane le neurobiology ea tšebeliso ea mafura tlasa maemo a mang.

Ho itlopa lijo ka mokhoa o fokolang ho ka tšoana le tlhekefetso ea lithethefatsi

Boithuto ba morao-rao bo qaliloe ho etsa lipatlisiso tse tšoanang pakeng tsa tšebeliso ea mafura e hlahisoang ke phihlello e fokolang le IEB e 'ngoe, tlhekefetso ea lithethefatsi. Litlaleho tse tsoang lihlopheng tse ling li bontšitse hore baclofen ea agonist ea GABA-B e fokotsa taolo ea lithethefatsi ho liphoofolo (; ; ; bona le Brebner, Phelan, & Roberts, 2002; , bakeng sa litlhahlobo), mme e bonts'itse ts'episo holima kalafo ea ts'ebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi le ts'ehetso (; ; ;; bona hape ; , bakeng sa litlhahlobo). Lintlha tsa morao-rao tse tsoang laboratoring ena li bonts'a hore baclofen e fokotsa tšebeliso ea mafura a tlisoang ke ts'ebeliso e fokolang ntle le ho fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea mafura a mangata kapa chow (). Sena sea khahlisa hobane ho itlopa joala le tlhekefetso ea lithethefatsi ho arolelana "comorbidity"; ; ; ; ; ; ; ) 'me baclofen ka kakaretso ha e na tšusumetso ho kapa ho eketsa tekanyo ea lijo liprothong tsa liphoofolo tse sa hlokeng ho itlopa lijo (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ). Ha li kopantsoe, liphumano tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore ho bonoa ha neural e kenyelletsang ho jang mofuta oa ho itlopa lijo, joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe ka har'a protocol e fokolang ea phihlello, e fapane le ea ho se jeng lijo tse sa jeleng joala. Sebakeng seo, matšoao a neural a amanang le IEB ea ho itlopa lijo a ka tsamaellana haholo le ba amehang ho IEB ea tlhekefetso ea lithethefatsi.

Nahanisisa

Neurobiology ea ho pheta-pheta, lipakeng, liketsahalo tsa ho fetela ka boits'oaro ha e utloisisehe hantle. Leha ho le joalo, bopaki bo fetolang bo fana ka maikutlo a hore mekhoa e tloaelehileng e ka tlatsetsa mathateng a amang mofuta ona oa boitšoaro. Patlisiso e tsoang laboratoring ena e bonts'itse hore phihlello e lekanyelitsoeng ea ho khutsufatsa e ka baka likhopiso tse phetoang khafetsa, tsa nakoana, tsa ts'ebeliso e fetelletseng ea likhoto tse sa hlokeng lijo. Protocol e batla e le bonolo ebile e theko e tlaase, 'me boitšoaro bo tšoana ka litsela tse ling tsa ho itlopa lijo. Lintlha tsa morao-rao li fana ka maikutlo a hore ho neoa ha neural sign tlas'a maemo a fokotsang matla a ho itlopa lijo ho fapane le maemo a sa lutheng, mme e ka tsamaellana haholo le tlhekefetso ea lithethefatsi. Hajoale ho na le li-protocol tsa ho fepa tse fapaneng tse ka sebelisoang ho nts'etsapele kutloisiso ea rona ea liphetoho tsa 'mele le tsa ramatiki tse etsahalang ka lebaka la ho kenya letsoho ho IEB. Patlisiso e joalo e bohlokoa haeba re tlameha ho hlakisa mekhoa e tlatsetsang ntlafatsong, ho lokisetseng le ho khutlisetsa mekhoa ena e atisang ho senya boitšoaro.

lumela hore baa fokola

E hlahisitsoe ho Mokhatlo oa Study of Ingestive Behaeve (SSIB) Satellite Symposium, Hueston Woods Resort, Ohio, la 18-20 Phupu 2004. E etelletsoe pele ke Allan Geliebter le Harry R. Kissileff. Sathalaete e ne e tšehelitsoe ka karolo e 'ngoe ke Setsi sa Patlisiso ea Botenya ba New York, SSIB, General Mills Foods, McNeil Nutritionals, Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceuticals, Procter & Gamble.

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