Tsamaiso ea potoloho e bakang ho ja lijo tse ngata
September 26th, 2013 ka Neuroscience
Mosebetsi oa Jennings le basebetsi-'moho le eena o khetholla potoloho ea neural ea motheo oa ho fepa ka litoeba. Ho sebelisa optogenetics ho lebisa tlhokomelo ho potoloho ena ea neural, bafuputsi ba ile ba khona ho khanna le ho thibela boitšoaro ba ho fepa, ka tsela e ts'oanang, ho kenyeletsa ho susumetsa ho fepa ka litoeba le ho thibela ho fepa litoeba tse lapileng. Setšoantšo sena se bonts'a kamoo ho tsosolosa ha potoloho ea neural bafuputsi ba ileng ba fumana ho fepa ka matla litoeba tseo matla a tsona a neng a se a ntse a li hloka. Mokoloto: Josh Jennings
Mosebetsi oa Jennings le basebetsi-'moho le eena o khetholla potoloho ea neural ea motheo oa ho fepa ka litoeba. Ho sebelisa optogenetics ho lebisa tlhokomelo ho potoloho ena ea neural, bafuputsi ba ile ba khona ho khanna le ho thibela boitšoaro ba ho fepa, ka tsela e ts'oanang, ho kenyeletsa ho susumetsa ho fepa ka litoeba le ho thibela ho fepa litoeba tse lapileng. Setšoantšo sena se bonts'a kamoo ho tsosolosa ha potoloho ea neural bafuputsi ba ileng ba fumana ho fepa ka matla litoeba tseo matla a tsona a neng a se a ntse a li hloka. Mokoloto: Josh Jennings
Lilemong tse 27 tse fetileng bo-rasaense ba ne ba ka matlafatsa motlakase sebakeng sa boko ba toeba se bakang hore toeba e je, ebang e lapile kapa che. Hona joale bafuputsi ba UNC School of Medicine ba supile khokahano e nepahetseng ea lisele tse ikarabellang bakeng sa ho baka boitšoaro boo. Sephetho se phatlalalitsoe ka la XNUMX Loetse koranteng Science, e etsa hore ho be le temohisiso ho sesosa sa ho nona haholo 'me e ka lebisa tlhokomelo bakeng sa phekolo ea anorexia, bulimia nervosa, le ho itlopa bolutu ka ho kula-e leng boloetse bo atileng ka ho fetisisa ba ho ja lijo United States.
“Phuputso e totobatsa hore botenya le mathata a mang a ho ja a na le mehopolo ea methapo ea pelo, ”Ho boletse mongoli ea phahameng oa thuto Garret Stuber, PhD, motlatsi oa moprofesa lefapheng la mafu a kelello le lefapha la biology ea sele le physiology. Hape ke setho sa Setsi sa UNC Neuroscience. Ha re ntse re ithuta ka ho eketsehileng, re ile ra fumana mokhoa oa ho laola tšebetso ea lisele tse sebakeng se itseng sa boko le ho fumana mekhoa ea phekolo. ”
Cynthia Bulik, Moprofesa ea Ikhethileng oa Mathata a ho ja ho UNC Sekolo sa Bongaka le Sekolo sa Gillings sa Bophelo bo Botle ba Sechaba, o itse, "Mosebetsi oa Stuber o theohela tlase hantle mekhoa ea likokoana-hloko e etsang hore re itlope joala 'me e tla re qobisa litlhaloso tse re khethollang tse re bakelang molato le ho hloka boikemisetso. ” Bulik e ne e se karolo ea sehlopha sa lipatlisiso.
Ka morao ho 1950s, ha bo-rasaense ba tsositse motlakase sebakeng sa boko se bitsoang lateral hypothalamus, ba ne ba tseba hore ba susumetsa mefuta e fapaneng ea lisele tsa boko. Stuber o ne a batla ho tsepamisa mohopolo ho sele e 'ngoe ea mofuta-gaba neurons ka kamoreng ea bethe ea stria terminalis, kapa BNST. BNST ke ho phalla ha amygdala, karolo ea boko e amanang le maikutlo. BNST e boetse e etsa borokho pakeng tsa amygdala le lateral hypothalamus, sebaka sa boko se tsamaisang mesebetsi e mengata e kang ho ja, boitšoaro ba thobalano le ho hlekefetsa.
BNST gaba neurons e na le 'mele oa sele le lesela le lelelele le li-synapses tsa branche tse fetisang ka matshwao a medumo motlakase ho lateral hypothalamus. Stuber le sehlopha sa hae ba ne ba batla ho tsosolosa li-syntapses ka ho sebelisa mokhoa oa optogenetic, mokhoa o amehang o neng o tla mo lumella hore a susumetse lisele tsa BNST feela ka ho khanyetsa li-synapses.
Ka tloaelo, lisele tsa boko o seke wa arabela kganya. Kahoo sehlopha sa Stuber se sebelisitse liprotheine tse entsoeng ka liphatsa tsa lefutso-tse tsoang ho algae — tse mamelang khanya 'me li sebelisitse livaerase tse entsoeng ka lefutso ho li kenya bokong ba litoeba. Liprotheine tseo li hlahisoa feela liseleng tsa BNST, ho kenyeletsoa le li-synapses tse hokelang ho hypothalamus.
Sehlopha sa hae se ntan'o kenya lisebelisoa tsa fiber optic tsebong tsa litoeba tsena tse khethehileng, 'me sena se ile sa lumella bafuputsi ho khanyetsa ka lisebelisoa le ho BNST synapses. Hang ha leseli le otla BNST synapses, litoeba li ile tsa qala ho ja haholo, le hoja li ne li se li fepehile. Ho feta moo, litoeba li ne li bontša hore li rata lijo tse mafura haholo.
Stuber o itse: "Ba ne ba ka ja halofo ea lijo tsa bona tsa letsatsi le letsatsi ka metsotso e ka bang 20." "Sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore tsela ena ea BNST e ka bapala karolo ea tšebeliso ea lijo le maemo a amanang le ho itlopa joala."
Ho susumetsa BNST ho boetse ho etsa hore litoeba li bontše boitšoaro bo amanang le moputso, ho fana ka maikutlo a hore ho khanyetsa lisele tsa BNST ho matlafatsa menyaka ea ho ja. Ka lehlakoreng la flip, ho koala tsela ea BNST ho entse hore litoeba li bontše thahasello e fokolang ea ho ja, le hoja li ne li hanngoe lijo.
Stuber o itse: "Re ile ra khona ho kena ka har'a khokahano e nepahetseng ea potoloho ea methapo e neng e baka ketsahalo ena e bileng teng ka lilemo tse fetang 50."
Phuputso, e sebelisang theknoloji e hlahisitsoeng liphuthehong tse ncha tsa National Health of Initiative Brain Initiative, e fana ka maikutlo a hore mohala o fosahetseng oa lisele tsa BNST o ka kena-kenana le litlhoko tsa tlala kapa tse fokolang liphallelo 'me tsa tlatsetsa ho mathata a batho a ho ja, a etsa hore batho ba je esita leha ba tletse kapa ba qobe lijo ha ba lapetse. Lipatlisiso tse ling li hlokahala ho fumana hore na ho ka khoneha ho hlahisa lithethefatsi tse lokisa BNST tsamaiso e sa sebetseng.
Stuber o itse: "Re batla ho bona tšebetso e tloaelehileng ea mefuta ena ea lisele le hore na li chesa matšoao a motlakase joang ha liphoofolo li fepa kapa li lapile." “Re batla ho utloisisa litšobotsi tsa bona tsa lefutso — hore na ho hlahisoa liphatsa life tsa lefutso. Ka mohlala, haeba re fumana lisele tse kenang tšebetsong ka mor'a ho itlopa joala, na re ka sheba boemo ba liphatsa tsa lefutso ho fumana hore na ke eng e etsang hore lisele tseo li ikarole ho li-neuron tse ling. ”
Hape, Stuber o re, ho ka lebisa ho sepheo se ka hlahisoang ke lithethefatsi ho phekola batho ba itseng ba bakuli ho ja.
Boitsebiso bo eketsehileng: "The Inhibitory Circuit Architecture of the Lateral Hypothalamus Orchestrates Feeding," ea JH Jennings et al. Science, 2013.
E fanoe ke Bophelo bo Botle ba Bophelo ba Univesithi ea North Carolina
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