PLoS One. 2013 Sep 4; 8 (9): e74832. doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0074832.
Pedram P, Wadden D, Amini P, Gulliver W, Randell E, Cahill F, Vasdev S, Goodridge A, Carter JC, Zhai G, Ji Y, Letsatsi la G.
mohloli o moholo
Khalemelo ea Bongaka, Lefapha la Bongaka, Univesithi ea Sehopotso ea Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.
inahaneloang
LITLHAHISO:
'Ho lemalla lijo' ho arolelana sebopeho se tšoanang sa neurobiological le boits'oaro ka ho lemalla lithethefatsi. Le ha ho le joalo, hore na, 'bokhoba ba lijo' bo tlatselletsa botenya sechabeng ka kakaretso ho isa bohōleng bofe, ha bo tsejoe.
LIPOTSO:
ho lekola 1) ho ata ha 'bokhoba ba lijo' ho baahi ba Newfoundland; 2) haeba lipalo tsa matšoao a kliniki ea 'ho lemalla lijo' li ne li amana haholo le litekanyo tsa 'mele; 3) haeba ba lemaletseng lijo ba ne ba nonne haholo ho feta taolo, le 4) haeba ho ja lijo tse ngata haholo ho amana le 'ho lemalla lijo'.
QETO:
Kakaretso ea batho ba baholo ba 652 (basali ba 415, banna ba 237) ba hiriloeng ho tsoa sechabeng ka kakaretso ba nkile karolo thutong ena. Botenya bo ile ba hlahlojoa ke 'Mele oa' Mele (BMI) le liperesente tsa Fat Fat tse lekantsoeng ke matla a kopaneng a X-ray absorptiometry. 'Ho lemalla lijo' ho ile ha hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa Yale Food Addiction Scale mme ho ja lijo tse ngata haholo ho ile ha khethoa ho tsoa Lenaneng la Lipotso la Willet Food Frequency.
LIKOTSO:
Ho ata ha 'ho lemalla lijo' e ne e le 5.4% (6.7% ho basali le 3.0% ho banna) mme e eketsehile ka boemo ba botenya. Palo ea matšoao a kliniki ea 'ho lemalla lijo' e ne e hokahane hantle le litekanyo tsohle tsa sebopeho sa 'mele ho sampuli eohle (p <0.001). Litekanyo tsa botenya li ne li phahame haholo ho ba lemaletseng lijo ho feta taolo; Ba lemaletseng lijo ba ne ba le boima ba 11.7 (kg), li-unit tsa 4.6 BMI li phahame, 'me ba na le mafura a' mele a 8.2% le mafura a kutu a 8.5%. Ntle le moo, ba lemaletseng lijo ba ne ba ja likhalori tse ngata ho tsoa mafura le liprotheine ha li bapisoa le taolo.
QETELLO:
Liphetho tsa rona li bonts'itse hore 'ho lemalla lijo' ho tlatsetsa botebong ba botenya le litekanyo tsa 'mele ho tloha boima bo tloaelehileng ho ea ho batho ba bangata ho feta batho ba nang le sekhahla se phahameng ho basali ha se bapisoa le banna.
Tlhaloso: Pedram P, Wadden D, Amini P, Gulliver W, Randell E, et al. (2013) Tlatsetso ea Lijo: Mokhatlo oa eona oa ho Tsamaea le Setso sa Bohlokoa le Botenya ho Kakaretso ea Baahi. PloS ONE 8 (9): e74832. Doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0074832
mohlophisi: Jianping Ye, Setsi sa Patlo ea Lipatlisiso tsa Boipheliso sa Pennington, United States of America
Re amohetse: Kajeno 10, 2013; E amohetse: August 5, 2013; E phatlalalitsoe: September 4, 2013
Copyright: © 2013 Pedram et al. Ena ke sengolo se bulehileng se fihletsoeng tlasa tumellano ea Lichelete ea Tlhahiso ea Creative Commons Attribution, e lumellang tšebeliso e sa thibeloang, phetiso, le tlhahiso hape ka mofuta o mong le o mong, ha feela moqapi oa mantlha le mohloli ba ngoliloe.
Lithuso: Boithuto bona bo tšehelitsoe ke chelete ea ts'ebetso ea CIHR le lisebelisoa tsa CFI ho Dr. Guang Sun (CIHR: MOP192552). Bafani ba lichelete ba ne ba sena karolo morerong oa ho ithuta, ho bokella data le ho hlahlobisisa, qeto ea ho phatlalatsa, kapa ho hlophisa sengoloa.
Lithahasello tse tsitsitseng: Bangoli ba boletse hore ho na le lithahasello tsa tlhōlisano tse teng.
Selelekela
Ho nona haholo le botenya ke ho bokellana ho sa tloaelehang ha lithane tsa adipose ka kakaretso tse bakoang ke ho se leka-lekane ho matla ha matla[1], [2]. Haufinyane ho bonts'itsoe hore lefats'e ka bophara batho ba baholo ba limilione tse likete tsa 1.0 ba boima haholo, mme ba bang ba limilione tse 475 ba batenya [3]. United States, ho ata ha botenya ho batho ba baholo ho eketsehile ka 1.1% lipakeng tsa 2007 le 2009. Haeba mokhoa ona o tsoela pele, 2050 e haufi le 100% ea Maamerika e tla ba motenya kapa o motenya haholo [4].
Ho nona le ho nona haholo ke sesosa sa bohlano sa lefu la lefats'e [1] le sesosa sa bobeli sa lefu se ka thibeloang United States [5]. Ho nona ke lefu le rarahaneng la multifactorial empa lisosa tsa lona ha li e-so tsejoe ka botlalo[6]. Boima ba 'mele hangata ke litholoana tsa tšebelisano e rarahaneng lipakeng tsa biology ea motho le mabaka a tikoloho a lebisang ho keketseho ea matla [7]. Sechabeng sa bophirima, e 'ngoe ea lisosa tse kholo tsa matla a sa foleng ke ho ikoetlisa ka nakoana ka lebaka la bophelo ba ho lula fatše. Sesosa se seng sa bohlokoa sa matla a eketsehileng ke ho ja haholo [8], [9]. Ho nona ka tekanyo e itseng ho ka etsahala ho batho ba bangata; leha ho le joalo, karolo e ka etsa hore ho be le likamano tse tlatselletsang / tsa khatello ea maikutlo lijong tse itseng [10]. Batho bana ba ja lijo tse ngata ho feta kamoo ba li hlokang ho boloka bophelo bo botle le ho bontša mekhoa e tlamang ea ho ja e amanang le tahlehelo ea taolo ea ho ja [9], [11].
Bopaki bo felletseng ba lipatlisiso bo hlahisitse ho tšoana ho pakeng tsa tšebeliso e matla ea tahi le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi kelellong, ho lebisitseng bafuputsi ho sebelisa poleloana ea 'tlhekefetso ea lijo' ho hlalosa mokhoa ona oa ho ho ja ho feta tekano [12]-[16]. Mefuteng ea liphoofolo, lijo tse nang le tsoekere e ngata le mafura li amana haholo le mokhoa oa ho ja o tlisoang ke joala [17]-[19]. Lithutong tsa batho, ho boetse ho khothaletsoe hore mokhoa oa ts'ebeliso ea lijo ka 'tlhekefetso ea lijo' o ka tsamaellana le ts'ebeliso ea ntho mme ntho ena e ka utloisisoa ka sebopeho se tšoanang sa neurobiological, boitšoaro le bongaka e le ts'ehetso ea lithethefatsi tse tloaelehileng [20]-[22].
Bafuputsi ba bang ba pheha khang ea hore 'tšebeliso ea lijo' e lokela ho kenyelletsoa e le bothata ba tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi ho Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Dis shida (DSM) [23], [24], leha ba bang ba kile ba nyatsa bonnete ba ts'ebeliso ea bongaka kapa tšebeliso ea "tlhekefetso ea lijo ' [9], [25]. Haufinyane, YaleAS Addiction Scale Scale (YFAS) e se e ntlafalitsoe ebile e netefalitsoe e le sesebelisoa sa ho tsebahatsa 'tšebeliso ea lijo' [26]-[28]. Mekhoa ea YFAS e sebelisitsoe ho hlahloba ho ata ha 'tlhekefetso ea lijo' ho bakuli ba nang le bothata ba ho ja [29], lithuto tse batenya [30] le barutoana ba banyenyane ba kolecheng [21]. Ho na le thahasello e ntseng e eketseha mabapi le karolo ea 'bokhoba ba lijo' ho eketseheng ha batho ba batenya hoo ho fihleletsang seoa sa lefatše ka bophara [14]. Le ha ho le joalo, tlhahlobo ea "bokhoba ba lijo" bathong e sa le pele mme lipotso tse ngata tsa bohlokoa li sa ntse li lokela ho arajoa [25], [26].
Taba ea pele, keketseho ea "bokhoba ba lijo" bathong ka kakaretso ha e e-so ho hlahlojoe mme hona ke bohato ba pele ba bohlokoa ba ho lekola tlatsetso e ka bang teng ea 'tlatsetso ea lijo' boteng ba batho. Ke lithuto tse fokolang feela tsa batho tse fumanehang hona joale mme li entsoe ka lihlopha tse khethehileng joalo ka bakuli ba nang le bothata ba ho ja [29], lihlopha tse nyane tse fapaneng tse kang batho ba baholo ba batenya ho feta ba batlang ho theola boima ba 'mele [31] kapa baithuti ba lilemong tsa kolecheng e bohareng [21]. Leha ho le joalo ha ho na lintlha tse fumanehang hona joale mabapi le karolo ea 'taolo ea lijo' sechabeng ka kakaretso 'me ho bonahala ho na le karolo e phahameng ea' bokhoba ba lijo 'bo batloang ke ho ja ka mokhoa o batsi le ba batenya ho batlana le boima ba' mele. Leha ho le joalo, mokhatlo oa 'taolo ea lijo' le BMI ho liithuti tse phahameng tsa koleche o ne o fokola ka mokhoa o ke keng oa lekanngoa.
Ka hona, potso ea bobeli e bohlokoa e lokelang ho arajoa ke hore na 'ts'ebeliso ea lijo' e tsamaellana haholo le bothata ba botena bo atileng bathong ka kakaretso.
Potso ea boraro e mabapi le tšebeliso ea li-macronutrient ka 'ho lemalla lijo', hobane lintlha li bontša hore macronutrient ka 'ngoe e ka bapala karolo e fapaneng [32].
Ka hona thuto ea hajoale e etselitsoe ho lekola: 1) ho ata ha 'tlhekefetso ea lijo' ho baahi ba Newfoundland; 2) haeba matšoao a kliniki a ho ba 'tlatsetso ea lijo' a tsamaellana haholo le bothata ba botena bo atileng bathong ka kakaretso; 3) haeba batho ka bomong ba khetholloang e le lekhoba la lijo ba matenya haholo ho feta balekane ba bona ba sa lemalleng lijo; le 4) haeba lithuto tse lemaletseng lijo li ja haholo kapa ka tlase ho efe kapa efe ea li-macronutrients tse tharo (ke hore, mafura, protheine le lik'habohaedreite).
Lisebelisoa le mekhoa
Boitšoaro ba Melao
Boithuto bona bo amohetsoe ke Lekhotla la Boithuto ba Bophelo bo botle (HREA), Univesithi ea Sehopotso sa Newfoundland, Canada. Barupeluoa bohle ba fane ka tumello e ngotsoeng e ngotsoeng.
Sample Sample
Kakaretso ea bankakarolo ba 652 (basali ba 415, banna ba 237) ba ile ba hiroa ho tsoa profinseng ea Canada ea Newfoundland le Labrador (NL) ka lipapatso, ba romella lipampiri le mantsoe a molomo. Mekhoa ea ho kenyelletsa e ne e le: 1) lilemo> lilemo tse 19, 2) ea hlahetseng NL le ba lelapa ba neng ba lula NL bonyane meloko e meraro, 3) ba phetse hantle ntle le mafu a tebileng a ts'oaetso, methapo ea pelo kapa endocrine, 4) ba sa imeng ho ithuta.
Mehato ea Anthropometric
Boima ba 'mele, bophahamo, thekeng le bophara ba letheka li ile tsa metoa kamora nako ea ho itima lijo ea lihora tse 12. Lihlooho li ile tsa lekanyetsoa ho 0.1 (kg) e haufinyane ka moaparo o tloaelehileng oa sepetlele ka sethaleng sa li-balance scale (Health O Meter, Bridgeview, IL). Stadiometer e tsitsitseng e ne e sebelisetsoa ho metha bophahamo ho 0.1 (cm) e haufinyane. Bophahamo ba letheka bo ile ba lekanngoa ka theipi e lekanyang e fetohang ho 0.1 (cm) e haufinyane boemong ba selikalikoe se seholo lipakeng tsa letheka le lirope ha morupeluoa a le maemong a emeng. Ts'ebetso e ts'oanang e ne e sebelisetsoa ho lekanya bolelele ba letheka boemong ba mokhubu, mahareng lipakeng tsa khopo e tlase le lehlaka. BMI e baliloe ka ho arola boima ba bankakarolo ka kilograma ka sekwere sa bophahamo ba hae ho mit (kg / m2). Lithuto tsena li ne li thathamisitsoe e le batho ba boima bo tlase / ba tloaelehileng (BMI≤24.99) le boima bo feteletseng / obese (BMI≥25.00) ba ipapisitse le BMI ho latela maemo a Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo [33].
Tlhahlobo ea sebopeho sa 'mele
Litekanyo tsa sebopeho sa 'mele ho kenyeletsoa boima ba' mele le boima ba 'mele bo ile ba lekanngoa ho sebelisoa li-Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA; Lunar Prodigy; GE Medical Systems, Madison, WI, USA). Litekanyo li entsoe boemong ba supine kamora ho qeta lihora tse 12 li itima lijo. Liperesente tsohle tsa mafura a 'mele (BF%) le mafura a boima ba mmele (TF%) a ne a ikemiselitse [34]. Lithuto tsena li ne li boetse li nkuoa e le tse tlase / boima bo tloaelehileng le boima bo feteletseng / botenya ho latela BF% ho latela maemo a khothaletsoang ke Bray [35].
Tlhahlobo ea 'Tlatsetso ea Lijo'
Tlhahlobo ea 'ho lemalla lijo' e ne e thehiloe ho Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) [26]. Potso ena e na le lintho tsa 27 tse lekolang mokhoa oa ho ja likhoeling tse fetileng tsa 12. YFAS e fetolela diagnostic le Statistical Manual IV TR (DSM-IV TR) litekanyetso tsa ho itšetleha ka lintho tse amanang le boits'oaro ba ho ja (ho kenyelletsa matšoao a kang ho mamella le matšoao a ho tlohela, ho ba kotsing ea mesebetsi ea sechaba, mathata a ho fokotsa kapa ho laola tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi, jj ka ho sebelisa DSM-IV TR. Sekala se sebelisa mokhoa o kopaneng oa likhetho tsa Likert le likhetho tsa dichotomous. Litekanyetso tsa 'taolo ea lijo' li kopana ha matšoao a mararo kapa ho feta a le teng likhoeling tse fetileng tsa 12 mme ho senyeha ho hoholo kapa khatello ho teng. Khetho ea likhetho tsa Likert e sebelisetsoa lipalo tsa matšoao a bokhoba ba lijo (mohlala: mamello le ho ikhula) ho tloha ho 0 ho ea ho matšoao a 7 [26], [29].
Tabatabelo ea Macronutrient le Tlhahlobo ea Mosebetsi oa 'Mele
Ho kenella ka har'a Macronutrient (proteni, mafura le lik'habohaedreite) nakong ea likhoeli tse fetileng tsa 12 li ile tsa hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa Willett Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) [36]. Barupeluoa ba bontšitse tšebeliso ea bona e akaretsang ea lenane la lintho tse tloaelehileng tsa lijo, likhoeling tse fetileng tsa 12. Palo ea lijo tse ling le tse ling tse khethiloeng li ne li fetoloa hore e be boleng ba letsatsi le leng le le leng ba ho ja. Tekanyetso e tloaelehileng ea letsatsi le leng le le leng la lijo tse jeoang e ile ea kenngoa ho NutriBase Clinical Nutrition Manager (software ea 9.0; CyberSoft Inc, Arizona). Keketseho e felletseng bakeng sa macronutrient ka 'ngoe ka letsatsi e ne e thathamisitsoe ke software bakeng sa thuto ka' ngoe [37]. Potso ea Baecke ea ho ikoetlisa e sebelisitsoe ho lekola ho ikoetlisa. Potso ena e lekola ts'ebetso ea 'mele e sebelisa matšoao a mararo ho kenyelletsa mosebetsi, papali le boikhathollo [38].
Tlhahlobo ea Litekanyetso
Litlhahlobo tsa lipalopalo li ile tsa etsoa ho sebelisoa projeke ea R bakeng sa mofuta oa lipalo tsa likhomphutha 2.15.2 (Sehlopha sa R Development Core). Lintlha li hlahisoa e le li-deviations tse tloaelehileng tsa ± (SD), boholo le bonyane. Liteko tsa tlhahlobo ea liteko tsa baithuti li sebelisitsoe ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa phapano lipapisong tse lekantsoeng lipakeng tsa basali le banna. Ho ata ha 'tlhekefetso ea lijo' ho ile ha hlahlojoa ka har'a cohort ka kakaretso le mekhahlelo e fapaneng ea papiso ho latela BMI le BF% ka bong. Tekanyo ea likotsi tse amanang le eona e hlalositsoeng e le keketseho ea ho ata ha karolelano e ile ea baloa ho lekola phapang e kotsing ea ho 'lemalla lijo' lipakeng tsa bong le pakeng tsa barupeluoa ba maemo a fapaneng a botona.
Liteko tsa li-t-test tsa baithuti le liteko tsa Mann-Whitney-U (tlhahlobo e seng ea parametric) li ne li hiriloe ho bapisa data ea anthropometric e amanang le mehato ea botena le ho kenella ha li-macronutrients lipakeng tsa 'tlhekefetso ea lijo' le lihlopha tse sa amaneng le lijo. Ntle le moo, ho nka lintlha tse ka 'nang tsa ferekanya, ANCOVA e ile ea etsoa ho bapisa phapang lipakeng tsa batho ba lemaletseng lijo le bao e seng lijo ka litekanyo tsa botona le botšehali, bong, maemo a tsubang, ts'ebeliso ea meriana le ts'ebetso ea' mele e kentsoeng e le li-covariates. Li-coefficients tsa puisano tsa Spearman tse laolang lilemo, thobalano, ho tsuba, ts'ebeliso ea meriana le ts'ebetso ea 'mele li ile tsa baloa ho lekola kamano pakeng tsa' tšebeliso ea lijo 'le bothata ba botena. Bakeng sa lipatlisiso tsohle, boemo ba alpha bo thehiloe 0.05.
Results
Litekanyetso tsa 'mele le ho ba haufi le' Tlatsetso ea Lijo '
Ho bonts'oa likarolo tsa batho le karolo ea 'mele ea litho tsa karolo Lethathamo 1. Keketseho ea 'temallo ea lijo' ho latela maemo a YFAS e ne e le 5.4% ho baahi bohle (ho basali le banna e ne e le 6.7% le 3.0%, ka ho latellana) (Lethathamo 2). Ha barupeluoa ba ne ba khetholloa e le boima bo tlase / bo tloaelehileng kapa boima bo feteletseng / botenya ho latela BMI, ho ata ha 'ho lemalla lijo' e ne e le 1.6% le 7.7% lihlopheng tsena tse peli ka ho latellana. Ha lihlooho li ne li khetholloa e le boima bo tlase / bo tloaelehileng kapa boima bo feteletseng / botenya ho ipapisitse le BF% ho ata ha 'ho lemalla lijo' e ne e le 2.9% le 6.8%, ka ho latellana. Peresente ea 'ho lemalla lijo' e eketsehile haholo ka boemo bo ntseng bo eketseha ba botenya ho sa tsotelehe hore na boiphihlelo bo hlalosoa joang (RR = 0.21, p <0.001 le RR = 0.42, p = 0.03, ka ho latellana). Ha mehlala e ne e aroloa ho ipapisitsoe le bong, mokhoa ona o ile oa lula o le bohlokoa ho basali feela bao boiphihlelo ba bona bo neng bo arotsoe ho sebelisoa BMI (RR = 0.13, p <0.001). Ho ata ha 'ho lemalla lijo' ho ne ho phahame ho basali ho feta banna (RR = 2.28, p = 0.046). Ntle le moo, ha u sebelisa likarolo tsa BMI adiposity, empa eseng BF% adiposity, basali ba batenya haholo / ba nonneng ba ne ba na le ts'oaetso e phahameng ea 'bokhoba ba lijo' ha ba bapisoa le banna ba fetang boima ba 'mele (RR = 3.50, p = 0.002).
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Tafole 1. Litšobotsi tsa Barupeluoa ba Ithutileng*.
doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0074832.t001
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Tafole 2. Bokapele ba 'taolo ea lijo' ho latela boemo ba botona le botšehali le botenya*.
doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0074832.t002
Ha lithuto tsa batho ba lemaletseng lijo li ne li khetholloa ka boemo ba boima ba 'mele bo thehiloeng ho BMI, 11.4% e ne e le ka tlase ho / boima bo tloaelehileng, 88.6% e ne e le boima bo feteletseng / ba batenya. Ha lithuto tsa batho ba lemaletseng lijo li ne li arotsoe ka sehlopha sa lipapatso tse thehiloeng ho BF%, 20% e ne e le ka tlase ho boima ba 'mele, 80% e ne e le boima bo feteletseng / ba batenya (Lethathamo 3).
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Tafole 3. Karolo ea 'bokhoba ba lijo' ho latela maemo a botenya*.
doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0074832.t003
Litlamorao lipakeng tsa matšoao a kliniki a lipakeng tsa 'ho lemalla lijo' le botenya
Li-coefficients tsa puisano tsa Spearman e lekanang bakeng sa thobalano le lilemo li sebelisitsoe ho lekola kamano pakeng tsa matšoao a "tšebeliso ea lijo" le litekanyo tsa botenya ho sampole eohle le lithutong tse sa tlatseng lijo. Litekanyo tsohle tse amanang le botenya (haholo matšoao a amanang le botenya bo bohareng) li ne li na le ho ikamahanya hantle le lipalo tsa matšoao a YFAS lihlopheng ka bobeli (Lethathamo 4). Ntle le moo, ha re ne re laola lintho tse ka 'nang tsa re ferekanya tse kenyeletsang ho tsuba, tšebeliso ea meriana le ho ikoetlisa.
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Tafole 4. Khohlano pakeng tsa 'temallo ea lijo' matšoao a kliniki a ba le litekanyo tsa botenya*.
doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0074832.t004
Ho bapisoa ha litekanyo tsa botenya le ho kenella ho macronutrient lipakeng tsa 'taolo ea lijo' le lihlopha tseo e seng tsa tlatsetso ea lijo.
Teko ea seithuti ka bobeli le ea Mann- Whiney U e bonts'itse phapang e kholo litekanyetsong tsohle tsa botenya lipakeng tsa 'ho lemalla lijo' le lihlopha tseo e seng tsa tlhekefetso ea lijo (p <0.001) (Lethathamo 5). Ho nka lintlha tse ling tse makatsang, re ile ra etsa taolo ea ANCOVA bakeng sa thobalano, lilemo, tšebeliso ea meriana, ho ikoetlisa le ho tsuba. Liphapang tsohle li ile tsa lula li le bohlokoa. Litho tsa tlhekefetso ea lijo ka karolelano ea boima ba 11.7 kg le ho feta li ne li nkile 4.6 BMI e ngata ho feta lithuto tse sa lemalloang ke lijo. Ho kenyelletsa lithuto tse lemaletseng lijo li ne li na le mafura a maholo a mmele a 8.2% le mafura a eketsehileng a 8.5%.
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Tafole 5. Litekanyo tsa ho nona le litekanyetso tsa ho kenella ka bongata ho macronutrient tsa 'taolo ea lijo' le tlhekefetso e seng ea lijo*.
doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0074832.t005
Takatso ea Macronutrient e ne e tšoantšoa le sehlopha sa 'joala joala' le sehlopha se seng sa litheko tsa lijo (Lethathamo 5). Ka kakaretso, palo ea li-macronutrients tse jeoang, tse hlahisoang e le grama ka kilogram ea boima ba 'mele, e ne e sa fapana haholo pakeng tsa barupeluoa ba lemalloang ke lijo le bao e seng lijo.
Leha ho le joalo, lipalo tsa khalori ea liperesente tse tsoang liprotheine (p = 0.04 tse tsoang ho tlhahlobo ea Mann-Whitney-U le p = 0.03 e tsoang ho ANCOVA) le lipalo tsa khalori e tsoang mafura (p = 0.04 ho tsoa tlhahlobo ea Mann-Whitney-U, p = 0.11 e tsoang ho ANCOVA) e ne e phahame haholo litlamong tsa lijo ha e bapisoa le batho ba sa sebeliseng joala ba joala
Puisano
Ka kakaretso, ho sa tsotelehe liphatlalatso tse fapaneng tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso le tšusumetso ea tikoloho, ho nona ho tlola ke ntho ea mantlha e ikarabellang bakeng sa ho ata ha botenya ba motho [14], [24]. Ho latela tsebo eohle ea rona ke thuto ea pele e tlalehang ka tlatsetso ea 'bokhoba ba lijo' ho ata ha botenya ba batho ho bongata ka kakaretso [21], [29], [30]. Phello e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ke khakanyo ea ho ata ha' tlhekefetso ea lijo 'ho baahi ba Newfoundland ka kakaretso e ne e le ho 5.4% (6.7% ho basali le 3.0% ho banna). Phuputsong e fetileng e neng e lekola bakuli ba batenya haholo ba nang le bothata ba ho ja ka mokhoa o feteletseng (BED), ho ata ha 'tlhekefetso ea lijo' ho tlalehiloe ho phahame joaloka 56.8% [29], e fana ka maikutlo a phapang lipakeng tsa ho itlopa joala ho ja le ho lemalla lijo. Keketseho ea 'temallo ea lijo' bathong ba batenya ba batlang kalafo ea ho theola boima ba 'mele e ne e le 25%, ha thutong e ngoe hape baithuti ba batenya ba sa batleng ho theola boima ba' mele, 'makhoba a lijo' e ne e le 15.2% [30], [31]. Ka sehlopheng sa barutoana ba kolecheng ea boemo bo phahameng ba nang le BMI e tloaelehileng, 8.8% e ile ea kopana le litekanyetso tsa YFAS tsa 'ho lemalla lijo'; leha ho le joalo khokahano lipakeng tsa 'temallo ea lijo' lipalo tsa matšoao a kliniki le BMI e ne e se letho [21], [39]. Liphetho tsa rona li bonts'a hore 80-88.6% ea batho ba lemaletseng lijo ba ne ba le boima bo feteletseng / ba batenya ho ipapisitse le lintlha tsa Bray kapa BMI tse fanang ka bopaki bo matla ba hore 'tšebeliso ea lijo' e kentse letsoho ho eketseha ha botenya ho bongata ka kakaretso. Ho hlakile hore batho ba lemaletseng lijo le bona ba ne ba bonoa ka sehlopheng se boima bo tlase le se tloaelehileng sa boima ba 'mele, leha ho le joalo ka palo e tlase. Se fumanoeng hajoale se bonts'a hore botenya bo hlahisoang ke 'bokhoba ba lijo' bo ka emela sehlotšoana sa makhopho se nang le tlhaelo-pele e ikhethang. Ts'oaetso ea sehlotšoana sena se tla bula mokhoa o mocha oa ho lekola boteng ba botena mme kahoo e thusa ho fumana mekhoa e mecha e sebetsang ea ho alafa le ho thibela botenya.
Lithuto thutong ea hona joale li ile tsa thaothoa ho tsoa ho kakaretso ea Newfoundland. Ho ata ha botenya / botenya boithuto bo teng hona joale ho ts'oana le ya data e tlalehiloeng ho tsoa Health Canada profinseng ea Newfoundland (62.1%) [40]. Keketseho ea 'bokhoba ba lijo' e senotsoeng thutong ea rona ho baahi ba Newfoundland, ho isa boemong bo itseng, e ka emela ho ata ha liprofinse tse ling tsa Canada. Ho feta moo, seo re se fumaneng se fana ka phapano lipakeng tsa banna le basali mabapi le 'bokhoba ba lijo' hobane basali ba nonneng / ba batenya haholo ba khethiloeng ba sebelisang BMI ba ne ba e-na le tekanyo e phahameng haholo ea 'ho lemalla lijo' ha ba bapisoa le banna. Sena se tšoana le bothata ba ho ja boo ho bona basali le bona ba nang le bothata ba ho ja ho feta banna [41], [42]. Leha ho le joalo liphuputso tse kholo ho baahi ba bang li loketse ho netefatsa liphetho tsa lipatlisiso tsa rona.
Taba ea boraro ea mantlha e fumanoeng thutong ea morao-rao ke kamano e teng lipakeng tsa 'taolo ea lijo' le ho teba ha botena ho bongata ba Newfoundland. Phumano ena e bonahala e le matla ha re ntse re khona ho bonts'a khokahano ena ea bohlokoa ho pholletsa le tlhahlobo e mengata e laoloang bakeng sa mabaka a mangata a ferekanyang. Taba ea pele, matšoao a kliniki a hore 'bokhoba ba lijo' a ne a kopantsoe haholo eseng feela le BMI, empa hape le litekanyo tsohle tse amanang le botenya. ho kenyelletsa boima ba 'mele, letheka le thekeng, mafura a mmele le peresente ea mafura a khethiloeng ke DXA, tekanyo e nepahetseng ea sebopeho sa' mele. Kamano ena e haufi e ile ea bonoa le sehlopheng seo sa batho ba sa lemalleng lijo. Re fana ka maikutlo a hore lintlha tsena tse matla le tse ling tse ngata li ile tsa bonts'a setsoalle sa 'nete ea' ho lemalla lijo 'le botenya ba motho. Ntle le moo ho ile ha bontšoa hore mefuta e amanang le botenya e ne e fapane haholo lipakeng tsa ba lemaletseng lijo le bao e seng lijo. Barupeluoa ba kopaneng le litekanyetso tsa 'tlatsetso ea lijo' ka kakaretso e boima ba 11.7 (kg) (25.79 lbs) ho feta, ba ne ba na le 4.6 e phahameng BMI mme ba na le 8.2% le 8.5% e kholo ea mafura a mmele le mafura a mmele, ka ho bapisoa le se seng lijo lithuto tse lemalloang. Lintlha tsena li fana ka bopaki ba pele bo tobileng ba hore 'tšebeliso ea lijo' e amahanngoa ka matla le botena ho bongata ka kakaretso. Habohlokoa, batho ba fihletseng mokhoa oa 'ho lemalla lijo' ba emela feela karolo ea bohlano ho isa ho e le ngoe ea botšelela ea batho ba batenya ho feta Newfoundland (25-30%) [40]. Sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore 'tšibollo ea lijo' ke ntho ea bohlokoa ho nts'etsopeleng ea botenya ba motho empa e se eona e fanang ka eona.
Morero o mong oa bohlokoahali oa thuto ea rona e ne e le ho hlahloba phapang ea mekhoa ea ho ja haholo-holo tšebeliso ea li-macronutrients lipakeng tsa lithuto tse lemalloang ke lijo le tseo e seng lijo. Ho khahlisang ke hore lijo tsa bafo ba neng ba lemaletse lijo li ne li na le liperesente tse phahameng tsa lik'halori tse tsoang mafura le protheine, mohlomong ho fana ka maikutlo a hore mefuta ena ea lijo e kanna ea amahanngoa le ho ja hampe ka mokhoa o tlamang. Ka lebaka la bohlokoa ba liphetho tsena ho tla ba bohlokoa ho netefatsa liphetho tsena ho baahi ba bang.
Thutong ea hona joale YFAS e sebelisitsoe e le sesebelisoa sa ho khetholla barupeluoa ka 'taolo ea lijo', kaha tekanyetso ena le litekanyetso tseo e thehiloeng ho tsona li netefalitsoe [26]-[28]. Sebakeng sa ho botsa ka kotloloho hore na lithuto li lemaletse lijo, tlhahlobo ea lipotso e ile ea lekola 'tšebeliso ea lijo' e thehiloeng litekanyetsong tsa DSM-IV-TR [39]. Ntle le moo, ho sebelisa mokhoa ona ho thusitse ho khetholla lihlooho tse tloaetseng ho ja lijo tse matlafatsang le tse seng li sa khone ho laola tsela eo li jang ka eona. [26].
Phello e 'ngoe ea thuto ea hona joale ke hore palo ea barupeluoa ba basali e ne e le kholo ho feta palo ea banna. Ha ho fanoa ka phapang ea thobalano le keketseho ea 'bokhoba ba lijo' bo fumanehang thutong ea hona joale, ho ka etsahala hore palo ea batho ka kakaretso e ka ba tlase ho 5.4% haeba thuto e ne e le palo e lekanang ea basali le banna. Lithuto tsa nako e tlang li sebelisa li-cohorts tse nang le palo e lekanang ea basali le banna ho bongata lia amoheloa.
Ka kakaretso, thuto ea rona e senotse ka lekhetlo la pele hore: 1) ho ata ha 'tlhekefetso ea lijo' ho baahi ba Newfoundland ka kakaretso e ne e le 5.4%; 2) basali ba kotsing e kholo ea 'bokhoba ba lijo' ho feta banna; 3) 'tšebeliso ea lijo' e kenya letsoho mokhatlong oa botena ba batho mme e amana haholo le boima ba botena / bongata ba mafura a 'mele ho tloha ho a tloaelehileng ho ea ho batho ba batenya ho bongata ka kakaretso. Seo re se fumaneng se fana ka bopaki bo matla ba hore 'tšibollo ea lijo' e kanna ea emela ho khetholoha ha motho ka bongata bathong ka kakaretso.
lumela hore baa fokola
Re leboha haholo tlatsetso ea baithaopi bohle ba nkileng karolo. Re boetse re lakatsa ho leboha Jennifer Shea, Alicia Rideout, Hongwei Zhang, le ba sebetsang le rona lipatlisiso.
Menehelo ea Mongoli
Rea tseba le ho rala liteko: PP GS. O entse liteko: PP GS DW PA FC. Ho hlahlobisisa data: PP GS YJ. Li-reagents tse kentsoeng / lisebelisoa / lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo: PP GS DW PA FC. Ngola pampiri: PP. Basebetsi ba kopaneng ba thusitseng ho bokella ha data: WG ER SV AG GZ. Moeletsi oa setsebi sa kelello: JC.
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