Phapang pakeng tsa ho sebetsana le ts'ebetso ea mokhanni oa li-preforeal cortex pakeng tsa batho ba tsubang le ho itšetleha ka nicotine le batho ba nang le bothata ba ho bapala ka inthanete (2017)

. 2017; 18: 54.

E hatisitsoe Inthaneteng 2017 Jul 27. doi:  10.1186 / s12868-017-0375-y

PMCID: PMC5530585

inahaneloang

Background

Ho tlalehiloe hore bothata ba lipapali tsa inthanete (IGD) le batho ba tsubang ba nang le ts'ehetso ea nicotine (SND) ba arolelana litšobotsi tsa bongaka, tse joalo ka ho ikamahanya le ho feta leha ho e-na le litlamorao tse mpe le litakatso. Boithuto bona ke ba ho etsa lipatlisiso ka liphetoho lipakeng tsa boemo ba tšebetso (stateFC) ea dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) e hlokometsoeng ho SND le IGD. Thutong ena, 27 IGD, 29 SND, le 33 li-control (HC) li hlophisitsoe ka tlhahlobo-leseling ea ts'ebetso ea matla a phomolo ea mmuso (rs-fMRI). Khokahano ea DLPFC e ne e ikemiselitse ho bohle ba nka karolo ka ho etsa lipatlisiso ka ho fokotseha hoa maqhubu a molumo o tlase oa frequency fMRI ho sebelisa mokhoa oa ho ikopanya le peo ea nakoana ea lefatše.

Results

Ha ho bapisoa le sehlopha sa HC, lihlopha tsa IGD le SND li bonts'itse phokotso ea rsFC e nang le DLPFC ka har'a insula e nepahetseng 'me ka lehlakoreng le letšehali le ka lehlakoreng le letšehali le DLPFC. Ha ho bapisoa le sehlopha sa SND, lithuto tsa IGD tse bonts'itsoeng li ile tsa eketseha tsa rsFC karolong e ka letsohong le letšehali ea boemo bo tlase le "" "" "" "Girus" ea "" "" "" "gherus ea" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "", "" "" "" "" "Grus" "" "" "" "," "gypus" e kholo.

fihlela qeto e

Liphetho tsa rona li netefalitse hore SND le IGD li arolelana mekhoa e tšoanang ea neural e amanang le ho lakatsa le ho sitisoa ha lintho. Phapang ea bohlokoa ho rsFC le DLPFC pakeng tsa lithuto tsa IGD le SND e kanna ea hlahisoa ke tšusumetso e bonoang le ea tlhaiso-leseling e hlahisoang ke papali ea nako e telele ea inthanete.

Keywords: Monahano oa ts'ebetso oa matla a matla a matla a khoheli a sebelisang matla a kelello, bothata ba lipapali tsa marang-rang, ts'epo ea Nikotine, khokahano ea ts'ebetso ea phomolo-mmuso, cortex ea Dorsolateral pele.

Background

Bothata ba lipapali tsa inthanete (IGD), bo tsejoang hape ka tšebeliso e mpe ea marang-rang, ke ts'ebeliso e feteletseng le e etsahalang khafetsa ea lipapali tsa marang-rang tsa inthanete []. IGD e fapane le ts'ebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi kapa bokhoba ba lithethefatsi hoo ho seng karolo ea letho ea lithethefatsi kapa lik'hemik'hale tse amehang; leha ho le joalo, ts'ebeliso e fetelletseng ea marang-rang e ka lebisa ho ho itšetleha ka mmele ho ts'oana le ho bonoang litlamong tse ling []. Hajoale, IGD e se e le bothata bo tebileng ba bophelo bo botle ba kelello lefats'eng ka bophara, ka hona e hloka lipatlisiso tse ling, joalo ka mohlala oa ho kenyelletsoa ha eona e le boemo ba thuto e tsoelang pele Karolong ea 3 ea Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th Edition, DSM-5) []. Litekanyetso tse latelang tsa tlhahlobo ea IGD li khothalelitsoe: ho kheloha nako, nako e sebelisitsoeng nako e telele ho feta nako e neng e reriloe pele le e reriloeng, tšebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea inthanete ho sebetsana le kapa ho baleha mathata, boits'oaro bo qobelloang, thetso mabapi le boholo ba tšebeliso, ho hloleha ho emisa kapa ho laola tšebeliso. le ho ameha ka ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang ha u le sieo [-]. Haholo-holo, matšoao ana a mangata a boitšoaro a tšoana le mathata a amanang le lithethefatsi [-].

Hajoale pathogenesis e nepahetseng ea IGD e ntse e sa tsejoe. Boithuto bo fokolang bo bontšitse hore lebaka la kotsi la IGD le amana le keketseho e atileng ea ts'ebeliso ea litheko [-]. Liphuputso tse ngata li fumane hore IGD le ts'ehetso ea thepa li arolelana mekhoa e tšoanang ea neural, joalo ka ho ts'eha ka nicotine [, , ]. Motheong oa bokhoba ba boits'oaro, bafuputsi ba ntse ba leka ho amahanya IGD le mathata a mang a boitšoaro a ka lebisang bokhobeng, joalo ka ts'ebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi, tšebeliso e mpe ea joala le ts'ebeliso ea nikotine [, ]. thuto ea rōna fetileng o ile a senola hore batho ba tsubang le IGD bontšitse fokotseha phomotse-boemo tshebetso ya kgokelo (rsFC) ka tokelo gyrus rectus le eketseha rsFC ka setseng bohareng tse tobileng gyrus ka poso cingulate cortex (PCC), ha e bapisoa le nonsmokers le IGD. Ntle le moo, ho ile ha fumanoa tumellano e mpe sebakeng sa khokahano ea PCC le "rectus gyrus" e nepahetseng ea inthanete ea batho ba tsubang ba nang le IGD pele ho khalemelo. Liphetho li bontšitse hore, ha ho bapisoa le batho ba sa tsubeng ka IGD, batho ba tsubang le IGD ba bile le liphetoho tsa tšebetso libakeng tsa boko tse amanang le tšusumetso e kholo le tšebetso []. Leha ho le joalo, Vergara et al. [] e qapile mokhoa o akaretsang oa tšibollo ho precuneus, insula, gyrus ea postcentral, le cortex ea pono ea bareki ba lithethefatsi. Ntle le moo, phokotso ea khokahano lipakeng tsa li-network tsa postcentral le e mong ea phomolo ea mmuso e koahelang fusiform e nepahetseng le gyri ea puo e bontšitse kamano ea bona ea bohlokoa le tšebeliso e mpe ea joala. Ho batho ba tsubang, ho ile ha bonoa boikaketsi bohareng ba thalamus le putamen. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, gyrus ea angular e bontsitse khokahano ea hyper le precuneus e hokahaneng le ho tsuba mme e amana haholo le ho teba ha ts'epo ea nicotine. Liphetho tsena li bontšitse hore litlamorao tse itseng tsa joala le nikotine li ka aroloa le ho khetholloa. Han et al. [] o fumane lithuto tsa IGD le ho itšetleha ka joala (AD) li na le litekanyetso tse ntle tsa rsFC ho dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) le cingulate, cerebellum, hammoho le litekanyetso tse mpe tsa rsFC pakeng tsa DLPFC le orbitofrontal cortex. Sehlopha sa AD se fumanoe se e-na le litekanyetso tse ntle tsa rsFC lipakeng tsa DLPFC, libaka tsa striatal, le lobe ea nakoana, athe sehlopha sa IGD se bonts'a litekanyetso tse mpe tsa rsFC har'a libaka tsena. Ba phethela ka hore lihlopha tsena ka bobeli li ka ba le bofokoli mosebetsing.

Thutong ena, re lekile ho fumana phapano lipakeng tsa rsFC ea batho ba nang le IGD le ba tsubang ba nang le ts'ehetso ea nicotine (SND), le ho hlahloba mokhoa oa phapang ena. Ho latela Han et al. [], litakatso tse susumetsoang ke lintho tse ling tse joalo ka joala li amana haufi le ts'ebetso ea DLPFC []. Ntle le moo, ho nahanoa hore DLPFC e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho loants'eng matšoao a khatello ea bongaka ba tahleho, ho ts'epa joala, ho kenyelletsa ho kenella le ho eketsoa ha tlhekefetso e ka bang teng []. Boithuto ba hona joale bo ikemiselitse ho lekola DLPFC-seeded rsFC ho IGD le SND.

mekhoa

barupeluoa ba

Boithuto ba hajoale bo amohetsoe ke Komiti ea Lipatlisiso ea Boitšoaro ea Sepetlele sa Ren Ji le Sekolo sa Bongaka, Univesithi ea Shanghai Jiao Tong, China No. [2016] 079k (2) ka tumello e ngotsoeng e tsoang ho lithuto tsohle. Barupeluoa bohle ba ile ba tsebisoa ka sepheo sa thuto ea rona pele ho tlhahlobo ea MRI. Ho barupeluoa ba 86 ba kenyellelitsoeng thutong mme ba ile ba hlahlojoa ke MRI ea boko ho tloha Jan 2016 ho isa ho Dec 2016, 27 e ne e na le IGD, 29 SND, le 30 li-udhibiti tsa bophelo bo botle (HC). Joalokaha ho hlalositsoe thutong ea rona ea pejana [], lithuto tsa IGD tse ileng tsa kopana le tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ea tlhaiso ea marang-rang (ke hore, YDQ) e fetotsoeng ke Beard le Wolf [] ba ile ba hiroa tleliniking ea bakuli ba nang le kelellong ea kelello Setsing sa Bophelo bo Botle ba kelello ba Shanghai. Le ha lihlopha tsa SND le HC li ne li hiroa ka lipapatso. Sehlopha sa IGD se ile sa bapala papali ea inthanete e ka bang 42-70 h (e bolelang ± SD: 44.31 ± 10.27) ka beke. Lipotso tse nepahetseng tse tsoang ho Structured Clinical Interview ea DSM-IV [] e sebelisitsoe ho lekola ho itšetleha ka nicotine. Morupeluoa ea tsoang lihlopheng tsa IGD le HC o ne a e-so tsube, 'me ha ho motho ea nkang karolo ea itlalehang ts'ebeliso ea joala ea letsatsi le letsatsi kapa bothata bo bong ba ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi (SUD). Lihlooho tsohle tsa SND li qalile ho tsuba lilemo tse 2-10 pele thuto ea hajoale e qala. Kaofela ke batho ba tsubang letsatsi le leng le le leng, 'me ba tsuba lisakerete tse ka bang 10 ho isa ho tse 45 (e bolelang ± SD: 21 ± 1.76) ka letsatsi. CIAS [], sekala sa ho tšoenyeha ka tekanyo (SAS) [], sekala sa khatello ea maikutlo se ikhethileng (SDS) [], Barratt impulsiveness wadogo-11 (BIS-11) [], le teko ea Fagerstrom ea ho itšepa hoa nicotine (FTND) [] li etsoa ho lekola litšobotsi tsa bakuli. CIAS ke mohato o ipoletseng o nang le ts'ebetso e ntle le ts'ebetso mme o sebelisitsoe ho lekola botebo ba temallo ea inthanete []. FTND ke lipotso tse tšeletseng tse fanang ka tlaleho tse sebelisoang ho lekola botebo ba ts'ehetso ea nicotine []. Qalong lipotso tsohle li ne li ngotsoe ka Senyesemane ebe li fetoleloa ka Sechaena.

Bohle ba neng ba nkile karolo ba ne ba fuoe letsoho le letona, 'me ha ho le ea mong oa bankakarolo ba nang le (sepetlele sa 1) sa nalane ea nalane ea nalane ea mafu a kelello kapa mafu a kelello; (2) ts'oaetso ea ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ntle le ts'ebeliso ea bokoali ea nicotine; (3) ho khutla hoa kelello; (4) bokuli ba methapo kapa ho lemala; (5) mamello ho MRI.

Ho fumana MRI

Litšoantšo li fumanoe ho sebelisoa sekena sa 3.0T MRI (GE Signa HDxt 3T, USA) se nang le kela e tloaelehileng ea hlooho. Ho thibela mekotla ea foam e ne e sebelisetsoa ho fokotsa ho sisinyeha ha hlooho mme li-earplugs li ne li sebelisoa ho fokotsa lerata la scanner. Sehlopha sa SND se ne se kopuoa ho ithiba ho tsuba 1 h pele se skena. Boitsebiso ba MRI bo sebetsang ba ho phomola bo fumanoe ho sebelisoa tatellano ea gradient-echo echo-planar joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe thutong ea rona ea pele []. Kamora moo, likarolo tse 34 tse fetohang (nako ea ho pheta-pheta [TR] = 2000 ms, nako ea echo [TE] = 30 ms; lebala la pono [FOV] = 230 × 230 mm2; 3.6 × 3.6 × 4 limilimithara3 boholo ba voxel) li fumanoe li hokahantsoe le mohala oa pele oa thekiso ea poso. Sekena se seng le se seng sa fMRI se nkile 440 s. Nakong ea ho lekola, barupeluoa ba ile ba laeloa hore ba lule ba falimehile ba koetse mahlo 'me ba sa nahane ka lithuto tse ikhethang. Kamora ho skena, lithuto li ile tsa botsoa ho netefatsa hore li lula li falimehile nakong ea scan. Ntle le moo, litšoantšo tsa anatomical tse boima bo phahameng T1 (TR = 6.1 ms, TE = 2.8 ms, TI = 450 ms, slice thickness = 1 mm, gap = 0, flip angle = 15 °, FOV = 256 × 256 mm2, palo ea likhae = 166, 1 × 1 × 1 mm3 boholo ba voxel) ho sebelisa 3D e senyehileng ka potlako ea li-gradient ba hopola litšoantšo tse latellanang.

Tlhahlobo ea statistical

Mehato ea bongata le ea bongaka ea lihlopha li ne li bapisoa. Liteko tsa ANOVA tsa tsela e le 'ngoe li ile tsa etsoa ho sebelisoa Statistical Package ea software ea Social Science (phetolelo ea 18) ho lekola liphapang lipakeng tsa lihlopha tsa 3. Liteko tsa ka mor'a tsa bonferroni tsa post hoc li ile tsa etsoa ho lekola liphapang lipakeng tsa sehlopha ka seng. Boleng ba 2-tailed p ea 0.05 e ne e nkuoa e le bohlokoa ka lipalo bakeng sa tlhahlobo eohle.

Ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea MRI ea ts'ebetso ho entsoe ho sebelisoa lebokose la lisebelisoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea data le tlhaiso bakeng sa ho nahana ka bokong (http://rfmri.org/dpabi) []. Kamora ho lahla meqolo ea pele ea 10 letotong ka leng la nako e sebetsang, linepe tse setseng tse 210 li ile tsa ntlafatsoa. Ho ile ha etsoa tokiso ea nako ea selae, tokiso ea bocha, le ho tloaela sebaka, hammoho le ho boreleli (6 mm e pharaletseng ka bophara bo halofo). Li-covariate tsa Nuisance, ho kenyeletsoa le likhakanyo tsa nako bakeng sa mokelikeli oa lefatše, oa mokokotlo, taba e tšoeu le mekhahlelo e tšeletseng ea motsamao li ile tsa hatelloa ho ntlafatsa sekhahla sa lets'oao la lerata le ho fokotsa sehlahisoa sa motsamao. Ha ho motho ea nkang karolo thutong ena ea bonts'itseng motsamao o fetang 1.5 mm ka phetolelo e phahameng ho x, y, kapa zli-axes kapa li-rotation tse phahameng tsa 1.5 ° ka li-axes tsa 3. Ntle le moo, tikoloho e 'ngoe e hlalositsoeng ka mokhoa o pharalletseng (FD) e ne e kopantsoe ke ho hlakola FDi ea sehlooho ka seng ho tloha ntlheng e ngoe le e ngoe ea nako []. Ha ho na phapang lipakeng tsa boleng ba FD ba lihlopha (p = 0.71). Ka mor'a moo, re sebelisitse ho sefa ha nakoana (0.01-0.08 Hz) letotong la linako tsa voxel ka 'ngoe ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea lerata le maqhubu a phahameng [-]. DLPFC e sebelisitsoe e le sebaka sa peo ea phaello (ROI) thutong ea hona joale, mme template ea DLPFC e entsoe joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe lipatlisiso tsa pejana [].

Joale, nako ea letšoao la li-oxygen tse itšetlehileng ka moea-oksijene ea voxel ka 'ngoe sebakeng sa peo e ile ea kenyelletsoa ho etsa lethathamo la linako tse boletsoeng. 'Mapa oa khokahano bakeng sa thuto e' ngoe le e 'ngoe e hlahisitsoe ka ho kopanya likhokahano tsa khokahano pakeng tsa letoto la nako ea marekiso le tatellano ea nako ho tloha li-voxels tse ling tsa boko. Litholoana tsa Z li fetotsoe ho tsoa ho li-coefficients tsa khokahanyo ke z-change ea Fisher ho ntlafatsa maemo a phepelo []. Kamora moo, lintlha tsa z ka ho khetheha li ile tsa kenngoa ka SPM8 bakeng sa sampole e le 'ngoe t tlhatlhobo ka mokhoa o bohlale oa voxel, o ileng oa etsoa ho tseba libaka tsa boko ka kamano e ntle kapa e mpe ea kamano le DLPFC hara sehlopha ka seng. Lintlha tsa motho ka mong li ile tsa kenngoa ka SPM8 bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea phello e sa sebetseng, 'me joale ho etsoa ANOVA e le' ngoe.

Phapang mabapi le lilemo, thobalano, thuto, lintlha tsa SAS, lintlha tsa SDS, le lintlha tsa BIS-11 li ile tsa ngolisoa bakeng sa mofuta o mong le o mong oa rsFC hammoho le boemo ba thuto. Liphetoho tse ngata tse bapisoang li ile tsa etsoa ho sebelisoa lenaneo la AlphaSim ho Analysis of Functional Neuroimages (AFNI) sephutheloana sa software (NIMH, Bethesda, MD USA; fumaneha ho http://afni.nimh.nih.gov/afni) [], joalo ka ha ho boletsoe ke lipapiso tsa Monte Carlo. Liphapang tse kholo li ile tsa hlalosoa e le tse ileng tsa pholoha monyako oa p <0.05, AlphaSim e lokisitsoe (monyako o kopaneng oa p <0.001 bakeng sa voxel ka 'ngoe le boholo ba sehlopha> li-voxels tse 11, tse fanang ka monyako o lokisitsoeng oa p <0.05). Litlhahlobo tsa sehlopha li ile tsa etsoa ka mehlala e 'meli ea t-liteko. Liphapang li fumanoe ho latela liphetho tsa ANOVA ka ho sebelisa mask ho lekanyetsa liteko tsa t libakeng tse kholo tsa boko. AlphaSim e lokisitse monyako p <0.05 (monyako o kopaneng oa p <0.001 le boholo ba sehlopha> li-voxels tse 11) e ile ea etsoa joalo ka khalemelo e ngata ea papiso. Libaka tsa boko tse bonts'ang liphapang tse kholo li ile tsa koaheloa ho li-template tsa MNI.

Results

Boemo ba demographic le bongaka

Lethathamo 1 a thathamisitse mehato ea bongaka le ea bongaka bakeng sa sehlopha ka seng. Ha ho phapang e kholo e hlokometsoeng pakeng tsa lihlopha tsa IGD le HC mabapi le lilemo le lilemo tsa thuto. Leha ho le joalo, phapang e kholo e fumanoe pakeng tsa lihlopha tsa IGD le SND le lipakeng tsa lihlopha tsa HC le SND. Phapang mabapi le thobalano e fumanoe hobane ha ho mosali ea tsubang ea nkang karolo thutong. Lithuto tsa IGD li ne li na le CIAS e phahameng, SAS, SDS, le BIS-11 ha li bapisoa le lihlopha tse ling tsa 2.

Lethathamo 1 

Sebopeho sa palo ea batho le litlhahlobo tsa lihlopha tsena tse tharo

Tlhahlobo ea khokahanyo ea DLPFC

Tlhahlobo e le 'ngoe ea ANOVA ka lihlopha tse tharo

Phapang e kholo e ile ea bonoa har'a rsFC le DLPFC ka lehlakoreng le letšehali la "gyrus" e tlase, "insulin", "gernus" e phahameng ea "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" " le gyrus e ka pele-pele 2; Feie. 1).

Lethathamo 2 

Phapang e kholo khoebong e sebetsang ea libaka tse fapaneng tsa boko tse nang le liphetoho tsa DLPFC har'a lihlopha tsena tse tharo
Feie. 1 

Phapang e kholo khoebong e sebetsang ea libaka tse fapaneng tsa boko tse nang le liphetoho tsa DLPFC har'a lihlopha tsena tse tharo. Hlokomela: The karolo e letsohong la setšoantšo e emela lehlakore le letona la bankakarolo, 'me tokelo e emetse leqheka la motho ea nkang karolo ...

Pakeng tsa sehlopha sa tlhahlobo ea khokahano ea DLPFC: IGD bapisoa le HC

Sehlopha sa IGD se bonts'itse kholo ea kholo ea "rsFC" ka "gyrus" ea maemo a tlase a ka letsohong le letšehali, "gyrus" e phahameng ea litheko le lehlohlo le kahare le kahare la DLPFC ha le bapisoa le sehlopha sa HC. Ntle le moo, ho fokotseha ha rsFC ho ile ha fumanoa ka letsohong le letšehali le ka pele, lehlakoreng le letšehali la "medial frontal orbital gyrus" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" ""cy" 3; Feie. 2).

Lethathamo 3 

Kakaretso ea khokahano e sebetsang le liphetoho tsa DLPFC ho IGD ha li bapisoa le sehlopha sa HC
Feie. 2 

Phapang ea bohlokoa lipakeng tsa sehlopha ho kopantseng tšebetso ea libaka tse fapaneng tsa boko le DLPFC lipakeng tsa IDG ka lithuto tsa HC. The t-Barore mekoallo e bontšoa ho letšehali. Red e bontša IGD> HC, le o moputsoa e bontša IDG <HC. ...

Pakeng tsa sehlopha sa tlhahlobo ea khokahano ea DLPFC: SND bapisoa le HC

Sehlopha sa SND se bontsitse fokotseha e le kannete ea rsFC maemong a kenang kahara naha, e ile ea siea "gyrus" e ikhethileng le "" "" "Girus" 4; Feie. 3).

Lethathamo 4 

Kakaretso ea khokahano e sebetsang le liphetoho tsa DLPFC sehlopheng sa SND ha se bapisoa le sehlopha sa HC
Feie. 3 

Phapang ea bohlokoa lipakeng tsa sehlopha ho kopantseng tšebetso ea libaka tse fapaneng tsa boko le DLPFC lipakeng tsa SND le lithuto tsa HC. Bara ea litekete e bontšitsoe ho letšehali. Blue e bontša sehlopha sa SND <HC. Hlokomela: The karolo e letsohong la setšoantšo ...

Pakeng tsa sehlopha sa tlhahlobo ea khokahano ea DLPFC: IGD bapisoa le SND

Ha ho bapisoa le sehlopha sa SND, lithuto tsa IGD li ne li eketsehile rsFC ka letsohong le letšehali la "gyrus" le "" "" "" "" Gistus "le" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "Magypital gyrus" gram "e kholo," gram "le" cuneus "e holimo. 5; Feie. 4).

Lethathamo 5 

Kakaretso ea khokahano e sebetsang le liphetoho tsa DLPFC sehlopheng sa IGD ha se bapisoa le sehlopha sa SND
Feie. 4 

Phapang ea bohlokoa lipakeng tsa sehlopha ho kopantseng tšebetso ea libaka tse fapaneng tsa boko le DLPFC lipakeng tsa lihlopha tsa IGD le SND. The t-Barore mekoallo e bontšoa ho letšehali. Red e bontša IGD> SND, le o moputsoa e bonts'a IGD <SND. ...

Kamano lipakeng tsa khokahano ea DLPFC le CIAS ea IGD, khokahano ea DLPFC, le FTND ea SND

Ha ho bapisoa le sehlopha sa HC, IGD le SND ka bobeli li ne li fokotsehile rsFC ka lehlakoreng le letšehali le ka tlase le ka pele le insula e nepahetseng le DLPFC. Litekanyetso tsa matla a rsFC (li bolela boleng ba zFC) li ile tsa ntšoa 'me tsa lekanngoa kahare ho ROI (radius ea 10 mm) e shebaneng le tlhoro ea sehlopha sa rsFC (Litafole 2, , 3) 3) lihlopheng tsa IGD le SND. Litokellano tsa Pearson li entsoe pakeng tsa boleng ba rsFC le CIAS ea sehlopha sa IGD le lintlha tsa FTND sehlopheng sa SND. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho kamano ea bohlokoa e fumanoeng.

Puisano

Thutong ena, re hlokomela li-connectivities tse tšoanang le tse fapaneng tsa boko sehlopheng sa IGD se amanang le sehlopha sa SND. Re hlokometse hore lihlopha tsohle tsa SND le IGD li fokotsehile rsFC le DLPFC ka polokelong e nepahetseng 'me ka lehlakoreng le letšehali e ne e le "gyrus" e tlase. Ntle le moo, lithuto tsa IGD li bonts'a li-rsFC tse fapaneng le DLPFC ka har'a cortex ea "orbital" le "" "" herbitalital, "occipital" le "parietal lobes".

Bopaki bo senotse hore matšoao a mangata a boitšoaro, le mekhoa ea methapo e ka tlas'a IGD, e tšoana le SUD [, ]. SUD e kenyelletsa tloaelo e sa fetoheng, ea ka mehla ea lithethefatsi, nikotine, kapa tšebeliso ea joala, le ho ts'eha ka nicotine ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea tsona e atileng haholo. SUD e ka baka lintlafatso tsa methapo, haholo makaleng a kapele a lobe a kentsoeng taolong ea boits'oaro ba kelello. Khokahano ea ho se sebetse hantle ea libaka tsa cortical, ho kenyeletsoa DLPFC, anterior cingrate cortex le lateral parietal cortex, e amanang le bofokoli bo sitisang boitšoaro. Ho se sebetse hantle hona ho hokahane le tahlehelo ea taolo ea tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi, e ka ba mohato oa bohlokoa ho ntlafatseng ha Psychology ea SUD [, ]. IGD e fapane le SUD ka hore ha ho na ts'ebeliso ea lik'hemik'hale kapa lintho tse amanang le eona; leha ho le joalo, ts'ebeliso e fetelletseng ea marang-rang e ka boela ea lebisa ho ho itšetleha ka mmele ho ts'oana le ho bonoang litlamong tse ling]. Haholo-holo, ts'ebetso ea hypo-activation ea potoloho ea inhibition ke mokhoa o arolelanoang oa neural ho SUD le bokhoba ba boits'oaro. Ts'ebetso e senyehileng ea cortex ea pele e kanna ea amana le ho ba le khatello e phahameng, eo ka lehlakoreng le leng e ka kenyang taolo e mpe ea kelello le nts'etsopele ea IGD []. Leha ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea IGD e hloka hore ho etsoe lipatlisiso tse ling, mokhoa oa eona oa bohloeki o reriloe. Mohlala ona o shebana le likarolo tse tharo ho kenyelletsa likoloi tse susumetsang tse amanang le ho batla moputso le phokotso ea khatello ea maikutlo, taolo ea boits'oaro e amanang le thibelo e kholo, le ho etsa liqeto tse kenyeletsang ho lekola melemo le lits'ebetso tsa ho etsa boits'oaro bo susumetsang [].

Ho ipapisitsoe le lithuto tse fetileng, mesebetsi e meng e sebetsanang le tšebetso ea DLPFC e 'nile ea bonoa hangata ho IGD [, ]. Mesebetsi ea kelello e rarahaneng hangata e amahanngoa le ts'ebetso ho DLPFC [] joalo ka phetoho ea boits'oaro bo susumetsoang ke likhohlano, tlhokomelo, mohopolo oa ho sebetsa, le taolo ea thibelo [-]. DLPFC e hokahane le libaka tse ling tsa cortical ebile e hokahanya liphihlelo tsa hona joale tsa maikutlo le memori ea liphihlelo tsa nakong e fetileng ho tsamaisa le ho hlahisa ts'ebetso e lebisitsoeng ho sepheo se nepahetseng [, ]. Ka hona, DLPFC e ka kenya letsoho khokahanong le ho bolokeng lipontšo tse amoheloang ho tsoa libakeng tse ling tsa boko nakong ea karabelo ea takatso ha litakatso tsa lintho li le teng le tebello e ntle e hlahisitsoeng [].

Re hlokometse hore lihlopha tsohle tsa SND le IGD li fokotsehile rsFC ka har'a insula e nepahetseng mme ba siea khatello ea sefahleho e tlase le DLPFC. Insula e kentsoe molemong oa ho lakatsa ho tsuba le ho khutla ho tsubang ho tsubang ho tsubang ho tsubang ho itšepisang []. Mme orbitof Pambal cortex e kenella ho tekolo ea moputso oa tšusumetso le boemeli bo hlakileng ba tebello ea moputso bakeng sa ntho eo []. Liphetho tsa rona li ne li lumellana le lithuto tse fetileng, tse neng li totobatsa likarolo tsa boko, joalo ka cortex ea ventromedial pre mapemaal cortex, insula, thalamus, le cerebellum, e neng e amana haholo le ho tsuba koae. Boithuto ba MRI ba sebopeho bo senoletse hore likarolo tsa litaba tsa bohlooho ho cortex ea pele, cortex ea ka ntle, insula, thalamus, le cerebellum li fokotsehile ho ba tsubang [-]. Liu et al. [] e fuputse tšebetso ea boko ba batho ba IGD ba sebelisang mosebetsi-state fMRI. Sehlopha sa IGD se bonts'itse ts'ebetso e matla lehlakoreng le letona la parietal lobule e phahameng, insbe lole, precuneus, gingus e matla, gyrus e phahameng ea temporous, le lehlakoreng le letšehali la brainstem. Lipapali tsa video tsa inthanete li kenya tšebetsong sebaka, tlhokomelo, pono le litsi tsa polao tse fumanehang sebakeng sa nakoana, parietal, occipital le gyri ea kapele. Ts'ebetso e sa sebetseng ea boko e ile ea bonoa lithutong tsa IGD ka hypofunction ea cortex ea kapele. Liu et al. e bone lihlooho tsa IGD tse bonts'ang ts'ebetso ea kamoso ea "cerebral hemisphere" e nepahetseng, mme ba fumane hore libaka tse ngata li ne li le ka har'a hemisphere e nepahetseng. Liphuputso tse entsoeng ka neuroimaging lithutong tse phetseng hantle li tlaleha hore hemisphere e nepahetseng, haholo-holo ka letsohong le letona le ka tlase le letona, e hlahisoa ka mor'a ho thibela karabo e atlehileng [, ]. Ka nako ea li-inhibitions tsa karabelo tse sa atlehang (ke hore, liteko tse hlahisitseng likarabo tsa koloi ka phoso), meaho e ka pele ea lebelo, haholo dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) e kenyeletsang sebaka sa makoloi se tlatsetsang pele le dorsal anterior cingrate cortex, hangata li etsoa activ []. Ka lebaka leo, gyrus e nepahetseng e ka tlase e bohlokoa bakeng sa thibelo ea karabelo, athe dmPFC e ikamahanya le ho shebella likarabo, haholo-holo lintoa le ho lekola liphoso [].

Lithuto tsa IGD li bonts'a li-rsFC tse fapaneng le DLPFC sebakeng sa "orbital frontal cortex" le "temporital", "occipital" le "parietal lobes". Liphetho tsa rona li ne li tšoana hantle le sephetho sa lipatlisiso tsa nakong e fetileng ha li bapisoa le rsFC le DLPFC ka ts'ebeliso ea joala le ba IGD []. Ba khothalelitse hore khokahano e hlokometsoeng ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebeliso ea joala e fapane le ea IGD ka lebaka la mafu a fapaneng a comorbid, lilemo tsa pelehi, le likhothaletso tse bonoang le tse hlahang ho tsa pele. Maikutlo a bonoang le a molumo ke liphetho tsa kenyelletso ea mantlha ea sensory ho arabela papali ea papali ea inthanete []. Mathata a ho lahleheloa ke mahlo kapa mathata a ho utloa a ka baka lebaka la papali ea marang-rang e feteletseng []. Ho eketseha ha molumo oa cortical kahare ho parietal cortex ho ne ho amana le papali ea nako e telele ho libapali tsa pro, 'me ka hona e ka amana le tlhokomelo e matla ea visuospatial [, ].

Ka tlhaho, thuto ena le eona e tla le meeli. Taba ea mantlha, moralo oa likarolo o re sitisitse ho tseba hore na phapang ea sehlopha ho rsFC ke lintho tse ka bang kotsing ea ho ts'epa ho ts'epa le ho natefeloa ke nicotine. Taba ea bobeli, boholo ba sehlopha bo ne bo sa leka-lekane thutong ea rona, 'me likarolo tse kang thobalano, lilemo le thuto li ne li sa tšoane le lihlopha tsena tse tharo. Meetso ea sehlopha e sa leka-lekanang e kanna ea ba le tšusumetso ho litlamorao leha mefuta e ne e laoloa nakong ea tlhahlobo ea lipalo. Taba ea boraro, moelelo oa FTND sehlopheng sa SND e ne e le 6.5, ka hona ho teba ha nicotine ho itšepa ho ne ho sa phahama ka ho lekaneng. Kahoo, ho eketsa lenane la ba nkang karolo hoa hlokahala.

fihlela qeto e

RsFC ke sesebelisoa se matla haholo sa ho hlahloba maloetse a amanang le methapo e mengata, a joalo ka bokhoba ba joala le jo bo sa amaneng le lithethefatsi maemong a sistimi. Liphetho tsa rona li netefalitse hore ts'ehetso ea nicotine le IGD e ka arolelana mekhoa e ts'oanang e amanang le ho lakatsa le ho sitisoa ho sa utloahaleng. Phapang e hlokometsoeng pakeng tsa rsFC ea lithuto le IGD le tsa SND e kanna ea bakoa ke ho sitisoa ha tlhahisoleseling ea litaba tsa audiovisual ke libapali tsa inthanete tsa nako e telele.

Menehelo ea bangoli

 

Conceptualization: YZ le JX; Tlhahlobo ea semmuso: YS, MC, YW, le YZ; Patlisiso: XG, YS, WD, MC, YD, le XH; Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa: YW le YZ; Ho bona ka mahlo: YS; Ho ngola — ngoloa ea pele: XG, YS, le YZ; Ho ngola — ho hlahloba le ho hlophisa: YZ. Bangoli bohle ba balile le ho amohela mofuta oa ho qetela.

Liteboho

Ha e sebetse

Lithahasello tse tsitsitseng

Bangoli ba phatlalatsa hore lipatlisiso li entsoe kamora ho hloka likamano tsa khoebo le tsa lichelete tse ka nkoang e le likhohlano tse ka bang teng tsa phaello.

Ho fumaneha ha data le thepa

Lintlha tsa tlhaiso-leseling tse sebelisitsoeng le ho hlahlojoa nakong ea lipatlisiso tsa hona joale lia fumaneha ho tsoa ho mongoli ea tsamaeang le kopo e loketseng.

Tumello ea boitšoaro le tumello ea ho nka karolo

Boithuto ba hajoale bo amohetsoe ke Komiti ea Lipatlisiso ea Boitšoaro ea Sepetlele sa Ren Ji le Sekolo sa Bongaka, Univesithi ea Shanghai Jiao Tong, China No. [2016] 079k (2). Barupeluoa bohle ba ile ba tsebisoa ka sepheo sa thuto ea rona pele ho tlhahlobo ea MRI. Morupeluoa e mong le e mong o ile a fana ka tumello e ngotsoeng e ngotsoeng.

dithuso tsa ditjhelete

Patlisiso ena e ne e tšehelitsoe ke National Natural Science Foundation ea China (No. 81571650), le Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Medical Guide Project (meriana ea bophirimela) (Che. 17411964300). Bafani ba lichelete ba ne ba sena karolo morerong oa ho ithuta, ho bokella data le ho hlahlobisisa, qeto ea ho phatlalatsa, kapa ho hlophisa sengoloa.

Moqolo oa Mohoeletsi

Boemo ba Motsoako bo lula bo sa jele paate mabapi le litlaleho tsa molao ka limepi tse hatisitsoeng le mekhatlo ea lihlopha.

khutsufalitsoeng

IGDmarang-rang a lipapali tsa lipapali
SNDbatho ba tsubang ba itšetlehileng ka nicotine
rsFCphomolo ya mmuso e sebetsang
DLPFCdorsolateral prefrontal cortex
HCtaolo e phetseng hantle
rs-fMRIboemo ba phomolo bo sebetsang-mmuso bo sebetsang
PCCposo ea cingxe cortex
CIASLenane la taolo ea inthanete ea Chen
ADts'ebeliso ea joala
Sudmathata a amanang le lithethefatsi
SAStekanyo ea ho itlhokofatsa
bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbtekanyo ea maikutlo a khatello ea maikutlo
BIS-11Barratt impulsiveness wadogo-11
FTNDTeko ea Fagerstrom ea ho itšetleha ka nicotine
TRnako ea ho pheta-pheta
TEecho nako
FOVlebaleng
FDtloaelo-sebaka
Roisebaka sa khahleho
AFNITs'ebetso ea Li-Neuroimages tse sebetsang
dmPFCdorsomedial preortal cortex
 

Notes

Mongolo o botlaaseng ba leqephe

 

Xin Ge le Yawen Sun le bona ba kentse letsoho ka ho lekana mosebetsing ona

 

Boitsebiso ba bafani

Xin Ge, Email: moc.361@5741renayImeile: moc.621@ijnernixeg.

Letsatsi la Yawen, Email: moc.liamtoh@9111sjc.

Xu Han, Email: moc.361@ettirgy_uxnah.

Yao Wang, Imeile: moc.361@625402258oaygnaw.

Weina Ding, Email: moc.361@7891aniemgnid.

Mengqiu Cao, Email: moc.361@0uiqgnemoac.

Yasong Du, Email: moc.qq@3914943822.

Jianrong Xu, Fono: + 86 21 68383545, Email: moc.liamtoh@rnaijux.

Yan Zhou, Fono: + 86 21 68383257, Email: moc.anis@5741eralcImeile: moc.liamtoh@5741eralc.

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