Mohlophisi: Mekhoa ea Neural e thehiloeng Inthaneteng Gaming Disorder (2018)

SEHLOOHO SEBAKA

Ka pele. Psychiatry, 06 September 2018 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00404
  • 1State Key Laborator ea Cactitive Neuroscience le ho Ithuta le IDG / McGovern Setsi sa Patlisiso ea Brain, Univesithi e Tloaelehileng ea Beijing, Beijing, China
  • 2Lefapha la Psychology e Akaretsang: Tlhaloganyo le Setsi sa Patlisiso ea Boitšoaro ba Boitšoaro (CeBAR), Univesithi ea Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Jeremane

Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), e leng bothata ba bophelo bo botle ba kelello lefatšeng ka bophara, bo ithutile haholo lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng mme liphuputso tse ngata li bonts'a hore IGD e arolelana litšobotsi tse nang le mathata a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi (SUD) le papali ea papali ea methapo ea kelello ho etiology, phenomenology, methating ea methapo ea kutlo, le kalafo katleho. U sebelisa mekhoa ea Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) mmoho le mekhoa ea electroencephalographic le liketsahalo tse amanang le liketsahalo (ERPs), palo e eketsehang ea lithuto e hlahile e hlahloba li-neural biomarkers tsa IGD. Ho ipapisitsoe le lithuto tsa maikutlo tse amanang le methapo ea kutlo le ho nahana ka likhopolo tsa boitšoaro bo tlatsetsang, ho builoe ka mehlala e mengata ea khopolo-kholo ea nts'etsopele le tlhokomelo ea IGD. Haufinyane, IGD e kenyellelitsoe karolong ea boraro ea khatiso ea morao-rao (ea bohlano) ea Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Dis shida (DSM-5) e le boemo bo hlokang lipatlisiso tse eketsehileng. Ho sa le joalo, Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO) o kenyellelitse boloetse ba lipapali (bobeli bo fumanehang marang-rang le bo bongata ntle le tšebeliso) tlhahlobisong ea ICD 11th. Tsoelo-pele ena e tsosa lipuisano tsa thuto le matšoenyeho a sechaba ka bohlokoa ba ho ithuta IGD. Mekgwa e hlakileng ea neural e tlasa nts'etsopele, ho lokisa, le ho tšoarela IGD e ntse e hloka lipatlisiso tse ling bakeng sa ho utloisisa ka mokhoa o hlakileng boemo ba IGD le ho ntlafatsa sephetho sa kalafo.

Moqoqong ona oa Patlisiso, re qala ka pampiri ea tlhahlobo ea Kimberly Young, eo e leng pula-maliboho lefapheng la lipatlisiso tsa bokhoba ba marang-rang, le Matthias Brand. Bacha le Brand ba akaretsa lintlha tse akaretsang tsa IGD ho kenyelletsa tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo le tlhahlobo, 'me ba hatisa hape tšebelisano ea Motho-Afimate-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE), mohlala o felletseng o thehiloeng boithuto bo matla ebile o ikemiselitse ho khothaletsa bokamoso lipatlisiso tse tsamaeang le khopolo-le-melaoana e meng ea kalafo bakeng sa IGD. Tlas'a sebopeho sa Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), e khothalletsoang ke Setsi sa Naha sa Bophelo ba Bakuli ba kelello. Kuss et al. lekola lithuto tsa kelello tsa IGD. Ba tlaleha hore batho ba lemaletseng papali ea papali ea chelete ba na le karabelo e mpe ea ho sebetsana le maemo, ho hopola lintho, ho etsa liqeto le ho laola maikutlo, ho amanang le ho fokotseha hoa ts'ebetso ea cortex, mme ba fihlela qeto ea hore bofokoli tsamaisong ea moputso oa neural ke ntho e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ea IGD, e ts'oanang le sephetho e fumanoang ho batho ba nang le mathata a amanang le lithethefatsi. Ho ipapisitsoe le lithuto tsa morao-rao tse sebetsang tsa Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), Weinstein e boetse e fumana hore batho ba nang le IGD ba bonts'a liphetoho mokhoeng oa tšebetso, ho etsa liqeto, thibelo ea boitšoaro le taolo ea maikutlo, tse tšoanang le tse tlalehiloeng SUD. Weinstein e boetse e hatisa hore lithuto tsa nako e tlang li hloka ho lekola boteng ba litaba tse tšoeu le khokahano e sebetsang ho IGD ho netefatsa liphumano tsa morao-rao le ho khetholla ho tšoana le ho se tšoane ho ho potoloha ha boko ho liphatlalatso tsa IGD le maemo a kopantsoeng joaloka ADHD le khatello ea maikutlo. Wei et al. phethela ka hore ho hokahana ha lits'ebetso tse tharo, sistimi e sa tsitsang, mokhoa o bonts'ang maikutlo, le ts'ebetso ea tlhokomeliso ea tlhaiso-leseling e bapala karolo e kholo ho IGD mme ba pheha khang ea hore nts'etsopele le tlhokomelo ea IGD e amahanngoa le sistimi e "susumetsang" haholo, "hypoactive" e bonts'ang "mokhoa ona, 'me o eketsoa ke ts'ebeliso ea temohisiso.

Ts'ebetso ea meputso e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa boits'oarong bo botle 'me e fumanoe e sa khaotse ho SUD. Kim le al. tlaleha hore batho ba nang le tšebeliso e feteletseng ea lipapali tsa inthanete ba kotsing ea ho hloleha ho khetha karabelo e matlafalitsoeng pele ke moputso oa chelete (empa eseng oa chelete), e tsamaeang le likarabo tse fokotsitsoeng tsa neural ho fana ka moputso seterekeng se tlase sa parietal le medial orbitof Pambal / ventromedial preortalal cortex. . Wang et al. leka ho laola litlamorao tse ka bakoang ke tloaelo ea cue 'me u fumane hore ha e bapisoa le basebelisi ba papali ea inthanete ea boithabiso, batho ba nang le IGD ba bonts'a tšebetso e matlafatsang ea kelello ka cortex ea orbitofrontal ea cortex le ho fokotseha hoa ts'ebetso ka lehlakoreng le letona la cingate cortex nakong ea ts'ebetso ea litheko tse amanang le papali. Sena se bonahala se hokahana le takatso e phahameng ea ho bapala lipapali le bokhoni bo sitisang ho thibela takatso ea lipapali bakeng sa lithuto tsa IGD. U sebelisa mekhoa ea ERPs, Peng et al. data ea hona joale e bonts'ang hore ho batho ba nang le li-amplitike tsa IGD karolong ea ERP N170 (index ea ts'ebetso ea sefahleho ea pele) e fokotsehile ho arabela lipolelo tsa sefahleho tse sa nkeng lehlakore ho bapisoa le mantsoe a monate a sefahleho, empa ha ho phapang ea sehlopha nakong ea ts'ebetso ea mantsoe a hlonamo le lipolelo tse sa jeleng paate. Ba phethela ka hore batho ba nang le IGD ba ka lebella maikutlo a nepahetseng haholoanyane maemong a thabisang-a sa nke lehlakore. Wang et al. hlahloba ho etsa liqeto tse sa senyeheng u sebelisa ho etsa liqeto tse mahareng ho IGD. Ha ho bapisoa le lithuto, sehlopha sa IGD se rata ho phehella khotsofalo e potlakileng, e tsamaeang le ts'ebetso ea kelello e fokotsehileng sebakeng sa dorsolateral prefrontal cortex le bilateral inferior frontal gyrus. Liphumano tsena li bonts'a khaello ea bokhoni ba ho lekola moputso o liehang le khotsofalo ea hanghang, le bokhoni bo sitisang ho sitisa litšitiso.

Lithuto tse tharo li hlahloba bopaki ba neural ho bontša litlamorao tse mpe tsa ho pepesetsoa nako e telele ea lipapali tsa video tse mabifi. Pan et al. sebelisa bophahamo ba ho feto-fetoha ha maqhubu a tlase (ALFF) le ALFF (fALFF) ho lekanya phapang ea sehlopha ea ts'ebetso ea boko bo iketsetsang lipakeng tsa sehlopha sa papali ea video e mabifi le sehlopha sa taolo empa ha ba ka ba fumana phapang ea sehlopha. Gao et al. tsoela pele ho hlahloba hore na ho pepesehela lipapali tsa video tse mabifi (VVG) ho ka fetola likarabo tsa maikutlo a libapali maemong a bohloko, 'me liphetho li bontša hore pono ea bohloko ba ba bang ha e fapane haholo libakeng tsa boko lipakeng tsa sehlopha sa papali ea video e mabifi le e seng mabifi. sehlopha sa papali ea video. Thuto ka Szycik et al. ha ea ka ea fumana liphapang tsa sehlopha likarabong tsa boko ho maikutlo a maikutlo lipakeng tsa basebelisi ba feteletseng ba lipapali tse mabifi le litaba tsa taolo. Kaha ho na le bopaki bo bongata ba thuto le boqapi ba litlamorao tse mpe tsa ho pepesetsoa papali ea video e mabifi ho bana le nts'etsopele ea bacha, liphetho tsena li sa ntsane li fana ka lipatlisiso tse ling hape thuto ena e khothatsa lipatlisiso tsa nako e tlang.

Phuputso e le 'ngoe ho Sehlooho sena sa Lipatlisiso e boetse e hlahloba kamano pakeng tsa phetoho ea sebopeho sa boko le tšekamelo ea IGD. U sebelisa index ea bophahamo ba litaba tsa grey (GMV), Pan et al. tlaleha hore li-GMV tsa "gyri" ea bobeli ba naha, gyri ea pele ea letsoho le letšehali, "cortex" e tlohetsoeng ka morao, le "gyrus" e nepahetseng ea bohareng e amana hampe le ts'oaetso ea matšoao a IGD leha e se e le taolo ea lilemo, thuto le nako. lipapaling tsa inthanete. Liphetho tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore li-GMV tsa libaka tsa boko tse kenyelletsoang lits'ebetsong tsa sensorimotor le taolo ea kelello li amahanngoa le matšoao a IGD. Qetellong, thuto ka Müller le ba bang. e lekola likamano lipakeng tsa testosterone ea pelehi le mathata a sa tsejoeng a ho lemalla marang-rang le IGD. Tekanyo ea dijiti (2D: 4D, karolelano ea linomoro tsa index ho ea ka monoana oa letsoho) lesupa la letsoho le sebelisitsoe e le lesupa la testosterone ea pelehi. Phuputso ena e tlaleha kamano lipakeng tsa karolelano e tlase ea dijithale (2D: 4D, lehlakoreng le letona, karolelano ea linomoro tsa index ho ea ka monoana oa letsoho, ke hore,> 1 e bolela testosterone e tlase ea pelehi) le matšoao a phahameng a IGD. Ho feta moo, phello ena e bontšitsoe haholo ho barupeluoa ba basali. Liphetho tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore 2D: lesupa la 4D e kanna ea ba biomarker e khahlisang bakeng sa bokhoba ba inthanete mme e tiisa lithuto tse ling.

Qetellong, lingoliloeng tse kenyellelitsoeng Sehloohong sena sa Lipatlisiso li shebile likarolo tse 'maloa tsa methapo ea methapo e ka tlas'a IGD. Lingolo li bonts'a hore ho na le bopaki bo seng bo ntse bo le teng ba ho nahana ka ts'ebetso ea IGD ka lebaka la boitšoaro bo bobe. Leha ho le joalo, lithuto tse hlophisehileng haholoanyane le tse thehiloeng ho khopolo tse kenyeletsang lihlopha tse fapaneng tse fapaneng le lithuto tse telele ho mokokotlo oa boits'oaro ba kelello ho batho ba nang le matšoao a IGD le mefuta e meng ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea Marang-rang, lia hlokahala ho utloisisa mekhoa ea ntlafatso le tlhokomelo ea. tloaelo ena e lemalloang le ho ntlafatsa mekhoa ea ho kenella.

Menehelo ea Mongoli

J-TZ o ngotse moralo oa pele oa buka e ngotsoeng ka letsoho. J-TZ le MB li fane ka ntlafatso e matla ea buka e ngotsoeng ka letsoho le litlatsetso tsa bohlokoa tsa mahlale. Bangoli ka bobeli ba bala le ho amohela mofuta o tlisitsoeng.

dithuso tsa ditjhelete

Mosebetsi ona o ne o tšehelitsoe ka lithuso tse tsoang ho National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81100992; No. 31872211).

Tlhōlisano ea Tlhaloso

Bangoli ba bolela hore lipatlisiso li ne li etsoa ka ho se be le likamano leha e le life tsa khoebo kapa tsa lichelete tse ka nkoang e le khohlano e ka 'nang ea e-ba le thahasello.

Mantsoe a bohlokoa: bothata ba lipapali tsa inthanete, mochine oa neural, fMRI, ts'ebetso ea moputso, ts'ebetso ea taolo e phahameng

Caring: Sethala sa Zhang JT le Brand M (2018): Mechanisms ea Neural Metsi e Behiloeng Tlas'a Tlokotsi ea Lipapali tsa Inthanete. Ka pele. Psychiki 9: 404. Doi: 10.3389 / fpsyt.2018.00404

E amohetse: 20 June 2018; E amohetsoe: 09 August 2018;
E phatlalalitsoe: 06 September 2018.

E hlophisitsoe le ho hlahlojoa ke: Libuka tsa Damien, Univesithi ea Free ea Brussels, Belgium

Copyright Copyright XXUMX Zhang le Brand. Ena ke sengoloa se bulehileng se fihletsoeng ka tlase ho License ea Boikarabelo ba Creative Commons (CC BY). Ts'ebeliso, ho ajoa kapa ho hlahisoa liphatlalatsong tse ling li lumelletsoe, ha feela mongoli (bang) le mong'a sengoli a ngolisitsoe ka molao le hore phatlalatso ea mantlha koranteng ena e bontšitsoe ho latela tloaelo e amohetsoeng ea thuto. Ha ho ts'ebeliso, ho tsamaisoa kapa ho hlahisoa hape hoa lumelloa ho sa lumellaneng le lipehelo tsena.

Litaba tsa mangolo: Jin-Tao Zhang, [imeile e sirelelitsoe]
Matthias Brand, [imeile e sirelelitsoe]