Front Psychiatry. 2018 Jun 7; 9: 252. Doi: 10.3389 / fpsyt.2018.00252.
PMID: 29930524
PMCID: PMC5999751
DOI: 10.3389 / fpsyt.2018.00252
Sunyoung Park1, Hyera Ryu1, Ji-Yoon Lee1, Aruem Choi1, Dai-Jin Kim2, Sung Nyun Kim3* 'me Jung-Seok Choi1,4*
Merero:
Phuputso e teng hona joale e fuputse khokahano ea neural e amanang le likarabo tsa kalafo ho bakuli ba nang le bothata ba lipapali tsa marang-rang (IGD) ba sebelisa tlhahlobo ea likamano tsa phomolo tsa mmuso.
Mekhoa:
Re kenyelelitse bakuli ba 30 ba nang le IGD le 32 lithuto tsa taolo e phetseng hantle (HCs). Bakeng sa bakuli ba IGD, 18 e phethile kalafo ea kantle ho nako e kenyelletsang pharmacotherapy le li-inhibitors tse khethiloeng tsa serotonin reuptake inhibitors bakeng sa likhoeli tsa 6. Likamano tse kopanetsoeng tsa EEG tsa boemo ba phomolo le lipotso tsa ho itlaleha li ile tsa sebelisoa ho lekola litšobotsi tsa bongaka le tsa kalafo pele ho kalafo le kamora kalafo, 'me tlhaiso-leseling e ile ea hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa likhakanyo tsa kakaretso.
Results:
Ha ho bapisoa le li-HCs, bakuli ba nang le IGD ba bonts'etse ho eketseha ha tumellano ea beta le gamma le ho ts'oaroa ha methapo ea kutlo ea litekanyetso tsa hemisphere e nepahetseng setulong. Kamora likhoeli tsa 6 tsa tsamaiso ea kantle ho nako, bakuli ba nang le IGD ba bonts'itse ntlafatso ea matšoao a IGD bapisoa le motheo, empa ba ile ba tsoela pele ho bonts'a khokahano ea beta le gamma intrahemispheric ha e bapisoa le ea HCs. Ha ho liphetoho tse kopaneng tsa khokahano ea EEG lipakeng tsa liteko tsa pele le tsa kalafo li fumanoe ho sehlopha leha e le sefe sehlopheng sa IGD.
fihlela qeto ena:
Liphumano tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore khokahano ea methapo ea kutlo e potlakileng haholo e ka ba letšoao la bohlokoa la methapo ea methapo ea bakuli ba nang le IGD.
Selelekela
Bothata ba lipapali tsa inthanete (IGD) bo tšoauoa ka tloaelo ea tšebeliso e feteletseng le e pheta-phetoang ea lipapali tse thehiloeng marang-rang (1). IGD e amohetse tlhokomelo e eketsehang ka lebaka la litlamorao tse fapaneng tse mpe tse amang bophelo bo tloaelehileng ba letsatsi le letsatsi, thuto le ts'ebetso ea mosebetsi, le ts'ebetso ea kelello (1, 2). Bakuli ba nang le ts'oaetso ea ts'oaetso, joalo ka IGD, ba arolelana likarolo tse itseng tsa kliniki, ho kenyelletsa ho tsoa bohlasoa, ho lakatsa, le ho sitoa ho laola boitšoaro bo kotsi (3, 4). Boithuto ba morao-rao bo sebelisitse mekhoa ea neuroimaging le neurophysiological ho etsa lipatlisiso mabapi le liphetoho tsa sebopeho le tšebetso bokong bo amanang le tšusumetso kapa thibelo ea karabelo ho matlafatsa kutloisiso ea rona ea litšobotsi tsa IGD (5-7).
Liphuputso tse 'maloa tsa neuroimaging li fuputse ts'ebetso ea ho se sebetse hantle ho bakuli ba IGD. Mohlala, Zhang (8) ho tlaleha boemo bo fokotsehileng ba ho fetoha ha maemo a tlase ho orbitofrontal cortex le posterior cingrate cortex ho batho ba baholo ba nang le IGD ha e bapisoa le taolo. Ba boetse ba fumane hore bakuli ba nang le IGD ba bonts'itse ts'ebelisano e ntlafalitsoeng ka har'a mode ea kamehla le marang-rang a taolo e kholo ha a bapisoa le taolo. Ho ekelletsa moo, bakuli ba IGD ba bonts'itse khokahano e matla ho li-network tsa sensorimotor tsa bongo le ho hokahanya hoa tšebetso ea boemo ba tšebetso ea boemo ba leholimo ho lobe ea pele, ho kenyelletsa le gyrus e ka pele ea sefahleho, le gyrus e ka pele ea sefahleho.9, 10). Liphumano tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore bakuli ba nang le IGD ba na le mathata a ho sebetsana le moputso, ts'ebetso e akaretsang ea kelello, le taolo ea tšusumetso.
Leha lithuto tsa neuroimaging li bonts'a methapo ea boko e kenyelletsang mesebetsing ea mmuso, e fana ka leseli le lekanyelitsoeng ho latela matla a nakoana a marangrang a neural bokong. Khokahano ea Electroencephalographic (EEG) e bohlokoa molemong oa ho lekanya lits'oants'o tse sebetsang ka har'a mokhatlo o sebetsang oa ts'ebetso ka qeto e phahameng ea nakoana (11). Khokahano ea EEG e lekanya ho lumellana ha mekhahlelo ea likarolo likarolong tse peli tsa boko mme e bonts'a phumano lipakeng tsa neural popo le kgokahano ea cortical (12). Khokahano e ntseng e eketseha pakeng tsa li-electrode tse peli tsa EEG e bonts'a ts'ebetso e kopantseng ea likarolo tse peli tsa boko, athe ts'ebelisano e fokotsehile e bonts'a mesebetsi e sa amaneng ea lipalo tse peli tsa neural (13, 14).
Liphuputso tse 'maloa tse entseng patlisiso mabapi le ts'ebeliso ea boko ho sebelisa' mele oa ho phomola EEG li tlalehile hore bacha ba nang le ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang ba bonts'itse ts'ebelisano e matla pakeng tsa libaka tsa parietal, li-temporital tse nepahetseng, le occipital ha li bapisoa le taolo e phetseng hantle (HCs) (15). Bakuli ba nang le IGD ba boetse ba bonts'a khokahano ea gamma e ntlafalitsoeng ea methapo ha e bapisoa le taolo (16). Ntle le moo, khokahano e kenelletseng ea methapo ea kutlo kahare ho sebaka se bataletseng e ka amahanngoa le libapali tsa inthanete tse pheta-phetoang (17). Liphumano tsena tse sa fetoheng li bonts'a hore synchrony e fetotsoeng ea "gamma phasic" e amahanngoa le hyperarousal tsamaisong ea methapo ea kutlo le mokhoa o sa tloaelehang oa nyakallo. Leha ho le joalo, ho ntse ho sa hlaka hore na ho feto-fetoha ha methapo ea kutlo ho bakuli ba IGD ke letšoao la tšobotsi kapa letšoao la mmuso le amanang le ho teba ha IGD. Boithuto bo 'maloa bo sebelisang khokahano ea EEG bo bonts'itse ho senyeha ha khokahano ea boko ho batho ba nang le bothata ba tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi (SUD), e nang le mochine oa boko o ts'oanang le oa IGD (7, 18, 19). Mohlala, batho ba nkang nako e telele hammoho le ba sa nkeng karolo e tlatselletsang ea joala ba sa tsubeng ba bonts'a tšebelisano e kopaneng ea maikutlo, kutloano le tšebelisano ea morao-rao ka morao ho EEG (18). Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, batho ba ts'epahalang ba heroine ba ts'ehelitsoeng ba bonts'itse ts'ebelisano e matla ea sejoale-joale ea bongaka papaling ha e bapisoa le li-HC (19). Liphumano tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore puisano e ntlafalitsoeng ea neural ha e tloaehe kamora nako e telele ea ho itima kapa kalafo mme e ka supa mofuta oa endophenotype oa SUD. Ka hona, lithuto tse telele tse amanang le bakuli ba nang le IGD li ka re thusa ho utloisisa pathophysiology ea le ho nts'etsapele mekhoa ea kalafo ho IGD.
Ka tsebo eohle ea rona, ha ho na lithuto tse entsoeng lipatlisiso mabapi le phetoho ea khokahano ea EEG ea ho phomola kamora kalafo ea bakuli ba nang le IGD. Kahoo, re fuputse khokahano ea cortical e amanang le karabo ea kalafo ho bakuli ba IGD ho utloisisa mochini oa eona oa motheo le ho hlakisa hore na phapang ea phasic synchrony ho batho ba nang le IGD ke boemo kapa letšoao la tšobotsi. E ipapisitse le liphumano tse fetileng (16, 17, 20), re fane ka maikutlo a hore bakuli ba nang le IGD ba tla bonts'a khokahano ea maqhubu a potlakileng motheong oa mantlha le hore tlhaiso ena ea methapo ea kutlo e tla ts'oaroa le ha matšoao a bona a IGD a ntlafala kamora ho qeta likhoeli tsa 6.
Lisebelisoa le mekhoa
barupeluoa ba
Boithuto bona ba nako e telele bo kenyelelitse barupeluoa ba banna ba 62 ba lilemo li 18-38 ba ileng ba hloaea ho tsoa Setsing sa Bongaka sa SMG-SNU Boramae le sechaba se haufi le Seoul, Rephabliking ea Korea. Bakuli ba mashome a mararo ba ne ba khethiloe hore ba na le IGD ho latela melaoana ea Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disrupt, Fifth Edition mme e fumanoe ke ngaka ea mafu a kelello e nang le boiphihlelo (1). Barupeluoa ba 4 ba sebelitse e le li-HC. Phuputso ea hajoale e ne e kenyelletsa feela bakuli ba sebelisitseng nako e fetang ea 30 h / ka letsatsi le / kapa XNUMX h / beke ba bapala lipapali tsa inthanete. Ntle le moo, Young's Internet Addiction Test (Y-IAT) e ne e sebelisetsoa ho lekola ho tiea ha matšoao a IGD (21). Liteko tsa mantlha tsa bongaka le tlhahlobo ea EEG li ile tsa etsoa ho bankakarolo bohle. Ho tloha litekong tsa mantlha, bakuli ba 18 ho ba 30 ba nang le IGD ba neng ba na le matšoao a comorbid a sithabetsang kapa a matšoenyeho ba ile ba tsoela pele ka kalafo ea meriana le serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ba sebelisa litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng tsa letsatsi le letsatsi: escitalopram ho 15.83 ± 9.17 mg, fluoxetine ho 50.00 ± 9.17 mg, kapa paroxetine ho 30.00 ± 14.14 mg. Ha ho lithethefatsi tse ling ntle le SSRIs tse sebelisitsoeng phuputsong ena. Kamora likhoeli tse 6 tsa kalafo e tsoelang pele, ba phethetse liteko tsa ho latela ho kenyelletsa le mehato ea bongaka le ho rekota ha EEG. Phello ea mantlha ea kalafo e bile phetoho ea lintlha tsa IAT ho tloha pele ho kalafo kamora 'kalafo. Barupeluoa ba HC ba bapalang lipapali tsa inthanete <2 h / letsatsi ba hiriloe ka kotloloho ho tsoa metseng ea lehae. Ha ho le ea mong oa barupeluoa ea neng a e-na le nalane ea bokooa ba kelello, lefu la kelello, kapa lefu la methapo, mme bohle ba ne ba le letona. Barupeluoa ba IQ e hakantsoeng ea <80 ha baa kenyelletsoa.
Boithuto bona bo amohetsoe ke Institutional Review Board of SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Rephabliking ea Korea. Barupeluoa bohle ba fane ka tumello e ngotsoeng ka mor'a ho fumana tlhaiso-leseling ka thuto.
Likhatiso tsa EEG
Pokello ea data ea EEG
Tlhahisoleseling e felletseng mabapi le rekoto ea EEG le mokhoa oa ho bokella data li hlahisitsoe thutong ea rona e fetileng (16). Sebaka sa phomolo sa EEG se tlalehiloe bakeng sa 10 min (4 min ka mahlo a koetsoeng, 2 min mahlo a butsoe, le 4 min ka mahlo a koetsoeng) ka kamoreng e sirelelitsoeng ka motlakase le e sirelelitsoeng ka molumo e nang le mabone a fokolang. Barupeluoa ba laetsoe ho phomola le ho qoba ho sisinyeha ha 'mele le ho otsela. Mosebetsi oa EEG o tlalehiloe ho li-electrode tse 64 ho ipapisitsoe le sistimi e fetotsoeng ea Machabeng ea 10-20 ka kopanelo le li-electrooculograms tse emeng le tse otlolohileng le elektrode ea mastoid. Seteishene sa fatše se ne se le lipakeng tsa li-electrode tsa FPz le Fz. Lipontšo tsa EEG li tlalehiloe li sa khaotse li sebelisa sesebelisoa sa marang-rang sa 0.1-60 Hz le sekhahla sa bandwidth sa 0.1-50 Hz kantle ho sekhahla sa sampling sa 1,000 Hz. Litšitiso tsa elektrode li bolokiloe ho <5 KΩ.
Lintlha tsohle tsa EEG li ile tsa hlahlojoa ka software ea NeuroGuide (NG Deluxe 2.6.1, Applied Neuroscience; St. Petersburg, FL, USA) bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea kopanelo, le 19 ea liteishene tsa 64 e tsamaisoa ke NeuroGuide montage e behiloeng ka tsela e latelang: FP1, FP2, FXXUMUM , F7, Fz, F3, F4, T8, C3, Cz, C3, T4, T4, P5, Pz, P3, T4, O6, le O1. Lirafshoa ka lebaka la ho fifala ha mahlo le ho sisinyeha nakong ea ho rekota tsa EEG li ile tsa felisoa ke tsamaiso ea othomathike ea NG Deluxe 2 mme tsa bonoa ka pono.
Khokahano
Mekhoa ea tlhahlobo ea kopanelo e hlahisitsoe ho Park et al. (16). Ho akaretsa, data ea maemo a phomolo a EEG e fetotsoe sebakeng sa frequency e sebelisa algorithm e potlakileng ea phetoho ka li-paramethara tse latelang: epoch = 2 s, sampling = 128 samples / s (256 digital time point), frequency range = 0.5-40 Hz, le qeto ea 0.5 Hz e nang le fensetere ea cosine ho fokotsa ho lutla. Lenaneo la NG 2.6.1 le sebelisitsoe ho fumana litekanyetso tsa khokahano. Mananeo a amohelehang a data ea EEG a ile a qaptjoa bakeng sa e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lihlopha tse latelang tsa maqhubu: delta (1-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), beta (12-25 Hz), anda gamma (30-40 Hz). Ntle le moo, khokahano ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo bakeng sa sehlopha ka seng e ile ea hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa F3-C3, F3-T3, F3-P3, C3-T3, C3-P3, le T3-P3 le -UM4NUM4NUM4NUM4NUM4NUM4NUM4NUM4. T4, F4-P4, C4-T3, C4-P3, le li-electrode tsa T4-P3 ka li-hemisphere tse nepahetseng. Khokahano ea li-interhemispheric e ne e kopantsoe lipakeng tsa li-elektrode F4-F3, C4-CXNUMX, TXNUMX-TXNUMX, le PXNUMX-PXNUMX.
Litlhahlobo tsa kelello
Scale ea Wechsler Adult Intelligence
Phetolelo ea Korea ea Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale e ile ea fuoa batsamaisi bohle ho bala IQ (22-24).
Lipotso tsa lipotso
Mofuta oa Korea oa lipotso tsohle o netefalitsoe (25-28).
IAT ea Bacha (Y-IAT)
Y-IAT e ne e sebelisetsoa ho lekola ho teba ha lithethefatsi tsa inthanete. Lintho tsohle tsa 20 li lekantsoe molemong oa lintlha tse hlano ho tloha 1 ho 5. Kahoo, lintlha kaofela li tsoa ho 20 ho isa 100 (21, 28). Alpha ea Cronbach bakeng sa thuto ena e ne e le 0.97.
Hesk ea khatello ea maikutlo ea Beck-II (BDI-II)
BDI-II e ile ea etsoa ho lekola ho teba ha matšoao a sithabetsang (26, 29). Ntho e ngoe le e ngoe e lekantsoe sekaleng sa lintlha tse 'ne ho tloha 0 ho ea 3,' me lintlha tse felletseng bakeng sa lintho tsohle tse 21 li ka tloha ho 0 ho isa ho 63. Alpha ea Cronbach bakeng sa thuto ena e ne e le 0.95.
Beck ea tšoenyeha ea lihlahisoa (BAI)
BAI e kenyelletsa lintho tsohle tsa 21 mme e sebetsana le botebo ba matšoao a ho tšoenyeha (25, 30). Likarabo li lekantsoe sekaleng sa lintlha tse 'ne,' me lintlha li tsoa ho 0 ho ea ho 3. Palo ea BAI kaofela, e pakeng tsa 0 le 63, e fumanoa ka ho akaretsa lintho tsohle tse 21. Alpha ea Cronbach bakeng sa thuto ena e ne e le 0.94.
Barratt impulsiveness wadogo-11 (BIS-11)
BIS-11, e neng e sebelisoa ho lekanya ho kenella (27, 31), ke lenane la lipotso tsa lipotso tse itlhahisang tse 30 tse kenyelletsang liphallelo tse tharo tse lekanyang ho se ts'oenyehe (tlhokomelo, makoloi le ho se ralehe). Ntho e ngoe le e ngoe e lekantsoe sekaleng sa lintlha tse 'ne ho tloha 1 ho isa ho 4. Alfa ea Cronbach bakeng sa thuto ena e ne e le 0.79.
Tlhahlobo ea Litekanyetso
Meetso ea motheo ea demographic le psychology li ile tsa hlahlojoa ke boipuso tLiteko, athe liphapang tsa maikutlo le tsa pele ho kalafo li ile tsa hlahlojoa ke lipara tLiteko. Litekanyo tsa litekanyetso tse arohaneng tse akaretsang (GEEs) li ile tsa sebelisoa ho lekola litlamorao tsa sehlopha ho data ea EEG bakeng sa sehlopha ka seng sa maqhubu ho lekola likamano lipakeng tsa litekanyo tse phetoang (32, 33). Litekanyetso tsa khokahano ea intra- and interhemispheric li ile tsa hlahlobisisoa ke li-GEE li sebelisa lintlha tse latelang motheong le pheletsong ea nako ea kalafo ea khoeli ea 6, ka tatellano: tšebelisano ea methapo ea kutlo e ile ea hlahlojoa ho latela sehlopha (IGD le HC) × (Fronto-bohareng). , fronto-temporal, fronto-parietal, centro-temporal, Centro-parietal, and temporo-parietal) x hemisphere (ka ho le letšehali le ka ho le letona); le tumellano ea methapo-kutlo e ile ea hlahlojoa ho latela sehlopha (IGD le HC) × (sebaka sa ka pele, se bohareng, sa nakoana le sa parietal). Litlhahlobisong tsena, re laetse bakeng sa thuto le lintlha tsa BDI-II, BAI, le BIS-11 ho khetholla liphapang tsa sehlopha. Litlhahlobo tsohle tsa lipalo li entsoe ka software ea SPSS 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
Results
Litaba tsa batho ba nang le lipalo le tsa kelello Pele le Kamora kalafo
Bakuli ba nang le IGD ba ne ba sa tšoane le li-HCs ho latela lilemo kapa IQ. Leha ho le joalo, phapang e kholo lithutong, BDI-II, BAI, le BIS-11 li ile tsa bonoa lipakeng tsa lihlopha tsena tse peli. Litšobotsi tsa palo ea batho le maikutlo a lihlopha tsa IGD le HC li hlahisitsoe ho Lethathamo 1. Kamora kalafo ea likhoeli tsa 6, bakuli ba nang le IGD ba ne ba fokotsitse haholo lintlha tsa Y-IAT empa ba sa theohe BDI-II, BAI, kapa BIS-11 ho bapisoa le data ea bona ea motheo (Lethathamo 2).
Lethathamo 1. Sebopeho sa demographic le psychology ea lihlopha tsa thuto motheong oa motheo.
Lethathamo 2. Liphetoho maemong a bakuli ba nang le bothata ba lipapali tsa marang-rang (IGD) pele le ka mor'a kalafo.
Khokahano ea EEG
Motheo oa Tlhahlobo ea Motheo oa EEG
Tlhahlobo ea lipalo-palo e sebelisang li-GEE tsa khokahano ea methapo ea kutlo e senotse litlamorao tsa sehloho tsa sehlopha ka har'a lihlopha tsa beta le tsa gamma motheong oa kamora ho feto-fetoha hoa maemo a demokrasi le a kelello (Tafoleng 3). Ka ho khetheha, bakuli ba nang le IGD [M (phoso e tloaelehileng ea se bolelang; SEM) = 48.95 (69.463)] ba bontšitse tšebelisano ea methapo ea kutlo ea beta haholo ho feta HCs [M (SEM) = 41.68 (70.187)]. Bakuli ba nang le IGD [M (SEM) = 58.65 (111.862)] le bona ba bontšitse tšebelisano e phahameng haholo sehlopheng sa gamma ho feta HCs [M (SEM) = 46.03 (113.029)]. Ho feta moo, phello ea tšebelisano e ile ea senoloa bakeng sa sehlopha x hemisphere. Sehlopha sa IGD [M (SEM) = 49.11 (68.393)] se ne se eketsehile haholo khokahano ea delta intrahemispheric ka hemisphere e nepahetseng ho bapisoa le sehlopha sa HC [M (SEM) = 42.36 (69.106)]. Tlhahlobo ea tšebelisano ea methapo-kutlo e sa bonts'ang phello ea bohlokoa ea sehlopha, tšebelisano ea sehlopha sa sehlopha sa x, kapa tšebelisano ea sehlopha.
Lethathamo 3. Litlamorao ho taolo ea tšebelisano ea methapo ea kutlo ea EEG bakeng sa litlamorao tsa demographic (thuto) le kelello (lintlha tse hlahang ho BDI-II, BAI, le BIS-11) pele le ka mor'a kalafo.
Liphetoho ho tsa khokahano ea data ea EEG kamora kalafo
Ha ho liphetoho tse kholo tsa khokahano ea EEG tse ileng tsa bonoa ho efe kapa efe ea lihlopha tsa pele ho kalafo kapa tsa kalafo kamora sehlopha sa IGD. Leha ho le joalo, phello e kholo ea sehlopha e ile ea bonoa ho khokahano ea beta le ea gamma tlhahlobo ea kamora kalafo (Tafoleng 3 le Setšoantšo 1). Ka ho khetheha, bakuli ba nang le IGD [M (SEM) = 53.66 (75.338)] ba bontšitse khokahano ea beta intrahemispheric ha e bapisoa le HCs [M (SEM) = 40.54 (77.143). Tšebelisano ea methapo ea methapo bakeng sa sehlopha sa gamma e ne e phahame haholo ho bakuli ba nang le IGD [M (SEM) = 61.41 (126.700)] ho feta li-HCs [M (SEM) = 46.51 (129.734) tlhahlobo ea kamora kalafo. Ntle le moo, ho latela tlhahlobo ea post hoc, ho bile le phello ea tšebelisano ea sehlopha sa sehlopha sa × ho kopaneng ea alpha empa ho se na liphapang tse kholo tsa sehlopha.
Setšoantšo sa 1. Litlamorao tse kholo ho intrahemispheric ea EEG (A) beta le (B) khokahano ea gamma pele le ka mor'a kalafo. *P <0.05.
Puisano
Ho tsebo ea rona, hona ke thuto ea pele ea ho etsa lipatlisiso ka liphetoho tse telele mabapi le khokahano ea neural e lekantsoeng ke tumellano ea EEG ho bakuli ba IGD. Barupeluoa ba nang le IGD ba bonts'itse khokahano ea intrahemispheric EEG lihlopheng tsa beta le tsa gamma motheong oa motheo. Leha ho le joalo, mekhoa ena e sa tloaelehang ea methapo ea methapo e sa tloaelehang kamora likhoeli tsa 6 tsa pharmacotherapy, leha bakuli ba nang le IGD ba bontšitse ntlafatso e kholo matšoao a bona a IGD. Ka hona, liphetho tsa rona li bonts'a hore khokahano ea beta le gamma nakong ea phomolo e kanna ea ba letšoao la bohlokoa la methapo ea methapo ho bakuli ba nang le IGD.
Sehlopha sa IGD se bontšitse tšebelisano ea methapo ea kutlo e potlakileng haholo ho feta kamoo sehlopha sa HC se neng se le ka teng. Ts'ebetso ea band ea Beta ho EEG e phomolang e nkuoa e le ho rera mokuli tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi 'me ke letšoao la motlakase la hyperexcitability ka lebaka la ho se leka-lekane ho thibelang kelello bokong (34, 35). Ho eketseha ha tumellano ea beta ea intrahemispheric ho amana le boemo bo kotsing ba IGD (17, 36). Mohlala, Youh et al. (17) e bontšitse hore khokahano e eketsehileng ea beta sebakeng sa pele ho ea pele e ne e atile haholo ho bakuli ba nang le comorbid IGD le khatello e kholo ea khatello ea maikutlo (MDD) ha e bapisoa le bakuli ba nang le MDD feela. Bangoli ba khothalelitse hore khokahano ea beta e ntlafalitsoeng e ka bonts'a lipapali tsa marang-rang tse feteletseng mme e bonts'a khokahano e fetotsoeng ea neural pakeng tsa libaka tsa boko ho bakuli ba IGD.
Khokahano e eketsehang ea sebapali sa EEG pele kalafo e lumellana le thuto e fetileng (16). Ts'ebetso ea Gamma hangata e nahanoa ho bonts'a mesebetsi e fapaneng ea neural, ho kenyelletsa ho thibela le ho arolelana lisebelisoa tsa tlhokomelo (37-40). Sehlopha sa rona sa lipatlisiso se tlalehile hore ho sebelisana ha "gamma intrahemispheric" ho amana le taolo e sa sebetseng ea ts'ebetso, ts'ebetso ea moputso le ho teba ha matšoao a IGD (16). Ho feta moo, Choi et al. (41) qeto ea hore ts'ebetso ea "gamma" e eketsehileng nakong ea phomolo e amana le ho sitisoa le ho ts'oaroa ke mekhoa ho bakuli ba IGD. Ha li kopantsoe hammoho, liphumano tsena li fana ka maikutlo a sa lumellaneng a neural synchrony le ts'ebetso e hokahaneng ea bakuli ba IGD.
Kamora likhoeli tsa 6 tsa taolo ea kantle ho nako, bakuli ba nang le IGD ba bonts'itse ntlafatso matšoao a bona a IGD bapisoa le motheo, empa ba ntse ba bonts'a khokahano ea beta le gamma intrahemispheric ha e bapisoa le li-HC. Liphuputso tse 'maloa tse entsoeng ka ho sebelisa li-SSRIs li tlalehile hore pharmacotherapy e fokotsa matšoao a IGD (20, 42). Serotonin ho nahanoa hore e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho sithabela maikutlo, ho tšoenyeha le ho hobella (43). Ka hona, kalafo e nang le SSRI e bonahala e sebetsa ho fokotsa tsitsipano ea IGD. Leha ho le joalo, thuto ea hona joale ha ea ka ea fumana ntlafatso ho khokahano e fetotsoeng ea methapo ea kutlo ho lihlopha tsa beta le tsa gamma kamora likhoeli tsa 6 tsa kalafo ea SSRI. Liphumano tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore khokahano e atamelaneng ea lebelo e ka nkuoa e le letšoao la IGD ho fapana le letšoao la mmuso.
Boithuto ba hona joale bo ne bo le tlasa meeli e itseng. Taba ea mantlha, liphetho tsa rona e kanna ea ba tse akaretsang haholo hobane palo ea ba nkang karolo phuputsong ena e ne e le nyane haholo 'me ho kenyeletsoa banna ba batona feela. Taba ea bobeli, thuto ea hona joale e sebelisitse tlhokomelo e tloaelehileng ea kantle ho nako ho e-na le mekhoa e hlophiselitsoeng hantle ea kalafo. Leha ho le joalo, thuto ena e ne e tsepamisitse maikutlo phetohong ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo ho bakuli ba IGD ho fapana le litlamorao tsa kalafo. Kahoo, ho tla hlokahala lithuto tse eketsehileng ho hlakisa phello ea kalafo e khethehileng ea pharmacotherapy ho matšoao a methapo ea kutlo ea bakuli ba nang le IGD. Taba ea boraro, bakuli bohle ba nang le IGD ba kenyellelitsoeng thutong ena ba ne ba e-na le matšoao a sithabetsang a khatello ea maikutlo kapa matšoenyeho, a ka beng a bile le litlamorao tse mpe. Kahoo, li-covariate tsa kelello li ile tsa laoloa tlhahlobisong ea ho qetela ho laola matšoao ana a comorbid.
Ka kakaretso, phuputso e teng hona joale e fumane hore, kaholimo, bakuli ba nang le IGD ba ekellelitse khokahano ea methapo ea kutlo sehlopheng sa li-frequency frequency ha se bapisoa le sehlopha sa HC. Leha ho le joalo, khokahano ena e sa tloaelehang ea neural e ile ea ntlafatsoa kamora likhoeli tsa 6 tsa kalafo ea kantle ho nako, e bonts'a hore khokahano e eketsehang ea beta le gamma nakong ea phomolo e ka ba letšoao le nkoang la neurobiological bakeng sa pathophysiology ea IGD. Patlisiso e teng hona joale e tla kenya letsoho kutloisisong e ntle ea marangrang a methapo ea kutlo e ka tlas'a IGD.
Menehelo ea Mongoli
J-SC le SK ba tsamaisitse moralo le mohopolo oa thuto. SP e ile ea etsa tlhahlobo mme ea etella pele mongolo o ngotsoeng. J-SC o ile a tataisa le ho hlokomela mongolo o ngotsoeng. HR, J-YL, AC, le D-JK ba kentse letsoho ho khanna thuto.
dithuso tsa ditjhelete
Boithuto bona bo tšehelitsoe ke National Research Foundation ea Korea (2014M3C7A1062894), Rephabliki ea Korea.
Tlhōlisano ea Tlhaloso
Bangoli ba bolela hore lipatlisiso li ne li etsoa ka ho se be le likamano leha e le life tsa khoebo kapa tsa lichelete tse ka nkoang e le khohlano e ka 'nang ea e-ba le thahasello.
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