J Behav Addict. 2017 Dec 1; 6 (4): 572-578. doi: 10.1556 / 2006.6.2017.084.
Buono FD1, Griffiths MD2, Nts'etse MOLEMO3, Lloyd DP1, Tlhaloso ea Sullivan RM1, Tlatsa TD4.
inahaneloang
Background
Mathata a lipapali tsa inthanete (IGD) a hlahisitsoe ho DSM-5 e le mokhoa oa ho tseba le ho fumana papali ea papali ea video e nang le mathata. Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebeliso ea ts'oaetso ea thibeloa, hobane e arolelana litekanyetso le litaelo tse ling tse lemalloang (mohlala, papali ea chelete ea papali ea chelete).
Merero
Mosebetsi o mong o hlokahala ho utloisisa hamolemo IGD. Mokhoa o mong o ka bang teng oa lipatlisiso ke kamano ea IGD le mesebetsi e matlafatsang ea boits'oaro. Phuputso ena e hlahloba kamano lipakeng tsa nako ea papali ea papali ea video le mesebetsi e matlafatsang ea boits'oaro e ka susumetsang kapa ea boloka papali ea video.
mekhoa
Kakaretso ea libapali tsa papali ea video ea 499 e qalile patlisisong ea inthanete, ka tlhaiso-leseling e felletseng e tsoang ho bankakarolo ba 453 (85% ba basoeu le basali ba 28%), ba ile ba hlahlojoa. Batho ka bomong ba ile ba beoa ka lihlopha tse hlano ho ipapisitsoe le lihora tse itlalehang tsa papali ea video ka beke, mme ba phethile Video Game Functional Assessment - Revised (VGFA-R). Liphetho Liphetho li bonts'itse ts'ebetso ea ho baleha le tlhokomelo ea sechaba li ne li le bohlokoa ho noheng nako ea papali ea papali ea video, athe kutlo le tse bonahalang li ne li se bohlokoa.
fihlela qeto e
Litlamorao tsa nakong e tlang tsa VGFA-R le lipatlisiso tse mabapi le boitšoaro li tšohloa.
LINKOTSO: Bothata ba lipapali tsa inthanete; VGFA-R; tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso; lipapali tsa Fitio
PMID: 29280397
Puisano
Ena ke thuto ea pele ho hlahloba hore na tšebetso ea boits'oaro e matlafatsang e fapana ka tekanyo ea papali ea video ea beke le beke e sebelisang VGFA-R. Liphetho li bonts'itse kamano e ntle pakeng tsa lihora tsa ho bapala le tse peli tsa tšebetso tse 'ne tsa boitšoaro (tlhokomelo ea sechaba le ho pholoha) ha li bapisoa le mesebetsi e meng ka litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa papali. Hoa thahasellisa hore thuto ena e tsamaisana le Sprong et al.'s ebile e fana ka eona.2014Liphuputso tsa pele tse balehelang boitšoaro bo bolokiloeng li fumaneha haholo har'a batho ba bapalang lipapali tsa video ho feta 24 hr / beke.
Ha ho bapisoa le mesebetsi e meng ea boits'oaro, boits'oaro bo bolokiloeng bo lula bo le bobe hangata, joalo ka bo thibelo ea boikarabello. Ho tsoa mokhoeng oa boitšoaro oa theoretical ho ea bokhobeng ba lithethefatsi (Hayes, Wilson, Gifford, Follette, & Strosahl, 1996), boits'oaro ba ho qoba ho ka lebisa ho litlamorao tse mpe, tse ka lebisang mokokotlong oa ho matlafatsa. Ho qoba mesebetsi khafetsa ho ka lebisa mathateng, ho a qoba ho eketsehileng ho ka matlafatsang le ho feta (Mentzoni et al., 2011; Ee, 2007). Ka hona, se bolokang tšusumetso ea sebapali sa video sa ho bapala lihora tse 'maloa ka beke se ka fapana le ba bapalang khafetsa. Mohlala, motho ea kenang papaling e bapaloang ka lits'ebetso tsa mobile (mohlala, Candy silakanya) bakeng sa nako e ka tlase ho 5 hr / beke ho nahanoa hore e bolokoa ke ts'ebetso e tšoarehang (ho fihlella boemo bo latelang kapa ho notlolla ntho e ncha) ha ho bapisoa le motho ea sebelisang nako e fetang 24 hr / beke, ea ka bonts'ang ho baleha kapa ho kopanya mesebetsi tse bolokang papali ea tsona ea papali.
Boemo ba tlhokomelo ea sechaba bo ka bolokoa ka ho khothaletsoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng kapa o fosahetseng. Patlisiso ea hajoale e fetisa ea Yee (2007) sebetse ka sepheo sa ho bapala, haholoholo, ka ho supa hore tlhokomelo ea motho le nako ea papali e na le kamano e tobileng. Ntle le moo, lipapali tsa video tsa hajoale li kenyelletsa lintlha tsa tlhokomelo ea sechaba ho boloka le ho fana ka mohopolo (Christou, 2014), mme ka ho kenyelletsa tlhokomelo ea sechaba ho moralo oa papali, baetsi ba lipapali ba ka eketsa nako ea papali. Moralo oa tlhokomelo ea sechaba o khahlano le ho baleha mesebetsi e bolokiloeng, eo ho eona mekhoa e bolokiloeng e atisang ho fetoloa papaling ea video, athe tlhokomelo ea batho ka kakaretso e hokahane ka kotloloho le papali ea video. Ho utloisisa ntlha ena ea tlhokomelo ea sechaba ho tsoa ho moralo oa boitšoaro ka har'a sebapali sa video ho hloka tlhahlobo e eketsehileng ho fana ka kutlwisiso e ntle ea hore na e ka hlahisa phetoho e ntle joang ho libapali.
Patlisiso ea nako e tlang e lokela ho batlisisa ts'ebetso ea phetoho ka har'a ho boloka boits'oaro ba papali ea papali ea video. Liphuputso tsa hajoale li tsamaellana le lipatlisiso mabapi le mekhoa e meng e lemalloang (mohlala, papali ea chelete ea papali ea chelete) (Meteo, Miller, Montes, & Rost, 2012; Meteo, Miller, & Terrell, 2011). Meteo et al. (2011) e fumane liketsahalo tse phahameng tsa likoluoa tse mpe tse amang li-gambler tsa ts'ebetso ha li lekola likhahla tse ntle le tse mpe tse matlafatsang ts'ebetso ea bothata ha li bapisoa le taolo e tsamaeang. Boitšoaro bo botle ba ho baleha bo fumaneha maemong a tšabehang; leha liphumano tsa hajoale li lumellana le pono ea theoretical ea boitšoaro, liphetho tsena li fana ka likarolo. Ho hlokahala lithuto tsa nako e telele ho hlakisa nts'etsopele ea lipapatso tsa ho matlafatsa ha nako le hore na li amana joang le papali ea video.
Litekanyetso tse khethiloeng tsa tlhahlobo ho DSM-5 ea IGD (Petry, Rehbein, Ko, & O'Brien, 2015buisanang ka litlamorao tsa ho matlafatsa tšusumetso ea papali ea papali ea video ea inthaneteng. Ho matšoao a thathamisitsoeng pejana pampiring, a mahlano ke litlamorao tsa tlhekefetso e matlafalitsoeng e le ngoe (mohlala, ho felloa ke thahasello mesebetsing e meng, ho e sebelisa hampe, ho e sebelisa ho kokobetsa matšoenyeho kapa molato, ho bua leshano ka ts'ebeliso, le ho lahleheloa ke monyetla kapa kamano), ha Nako ea papali e boletsoe ka mokhoa o sa tobang ho litekanyetso tsa tlhahlobo ea IGD (Litekanyetso 3 le 6; APA, 2013). Palo ea tšebeliso ea lipapali tsa video, leha e le har'a batho ba nang le mathata a phahameng a ho bapala, e hloka ho hlahlojoa haholoanyane. Kahoo, bofokoli ba thuto ena e ne e le hore ha re ka ra hlahloba hore na matšoao a IGD a amana joang le tšebeliso ea mesebetsi kapa tšebetso ea boits'oaro. Leha ho le joalo, litekanyetso tsa matšoao li ka talingoa e le tse amanang haufi le boits'oaro ba ho baleha; mesebetsi e meng ea boits'oaro e ka baka matšoao a tšoanang. Ka lebaka leo, ho hlokahala tlhahlobo e tobileng ea kamano pakeng tsa mesebetsi e matlafatsang le matšoao a ho khetholla, ho kenyelletsa le batho ba fumanoeng ba na le IGD le ba se nang eona.
Ho bile le likheo tse ling tsa lipatlisiso tsa hajoale. Taba ea mantlha, boholo ba barupeluoa ba ile ba hapuoa ka li-forum tsa marang-rang le li-blog. Litsebi tse 'maloa li tšohla liphoso tsa ho ngolisa libapali tsa lipapali tsa video inthaneteng (Griffiths, 2010b; Griffiths, Lewis, Ortiz de Gortari, & Kuss, 2015; Morena, Delfabbro, & Griffiths, 2009). Ho na le lintlha tse 'ne tse tobileng mabapi le ho hira batho inthaneteng: (a) likarabo tsa tšoso, (b) ho se tšepahale, (c) ho hloka temoho, le (d) tšusumetso. Litaba tsena kaofela li ile tsa buuoa ka ho sebelisa maano a proactive a boletsoeng ke King et al. (2009). Mathata ana a rarollotsoe ke ho kenyelletsa molaetsa oa boits'ireletso nakong ea thupelo e hlokomelisang barupeluoa ho tšepahala ha thuto ea lipatlisiso ka ho supa lenane la univesithi le leqephe la saena la moetapele. Ntle le moo, barupeluoa ba ile ba kenngoa letotong la lothari ho hapa e 'ngoe ea likarete tsa limpho tsa $ 50. Taba ea bobeli ke hore palo ea lihora tsa tšebeliso ea lipapali tse ipitsitseng ka beke ha ea ka ea hlahlojoa, hobane barupeluoa ba khethile mofuta oa tšebeliso e neng e nepahetse haholo ts'ebeliso ea bona ea lipapali. Mohato o tsoelang pele o kanna oa fana ka maemo a fetohang a lipalo ho lekola likamano tsa mola le tse se nang moeli le sephetho. Leha ho le joalo, re khethile tekanyo ea ho tsamaisana le lithuto tse ling tsa morao-rao tsa palo ea papali ea lipapali tsa video (mohlala, Buono, et al., 2016; Sprong et al., 2014; Van Rooij le Prause, 2014Ha lihora tse itlalehang tsa tšebeliso ea papali ea video li atisa ho tlalehoa, mohlomong ka lebaka la sekhobo se lemohuoang sa ts'ebeliso ea khafetsa. Taba ea boraro, tekong ea rona ea ho laola thuto ena, re khethile tšebeliso ea sakerete feela, papali ea chelete ea papali ea chelete le ts'ebeliso ea joala. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore ha ho le ea mong oa bankakarolo ea itlalehileng ts'ebeliso efe kapa efe mehatong ena e kaholimo ho monyako oa khethollo. IGD ke bothata bo rarahaneng le ho utloisisa mafu a mang a hlahang hammoho kapa mathata a hlokang ho hlahlojoa ka botlalo. Kamora nako, lipatlisiso tse ling li hloka ho lekola hore na litšusumetso tse bolokang (ke hore, tlhokomelo ea sechaba, ho baleha, tse tšoarehang, le kutlo) lia itšetleha kapa lia ikemela. Phuputso ea hajoale e fumane hore mesebetsi ena e ikemetse, e matlafatsang lipatlisiso tse fetileng tsa Sprong et al. (2014). Ha ho hlahlojoa kalafo ea kalafo bakeng sa IGD, ho theha boikemelo ba ts'ebetso ba boikemelo ho bohlokoa haholo ho hlahloba ts'ebetso ea kalafo e fuoeng.
Le ha IGD e sa ka ea hlahlojoa ka kotloloho, liphetho tsa hona joale li na le litlamorao tsa tleleniki. VGFA-R e fana ka tlhahlobo e felletseng e ka sebelisetsoang tlhahlobo e sebetsang ea bohato, mohato oa mantlha o tloaelehileng litloaelong tsa boits'oaro le boits'oaro. Ka ho utloisisa lintlha tse susumetsang motho hore a tsoele pele papali ea papali, lingaka li ka sebetsa le bakuli ho fumana mekhoa ea ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea lipapali kapa ho bona hore mekhoa ea hona joale ea papali ke ea bongaka kapa ea boits'oaro. Se fumanoeng ke thuto ena se bonts'a hore kalafo e kanna ea hloka ho sebetsana le ho baleha / ho qoba le boitšoaro ba tlhokomelo ea sechaba e fanoang ke maemo a phahameng a tšebeliso ea papali, e lebisa mekhoa e meng e matlafatsang ho nkela mesebetsi eo papali ea video e fanang ka eona, kapa ho sebetsana le tlhoko kapa takatso ea qoba ka kotloloho.
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