Karolo ea ho imeloa kelellong Bophelo Liketsahalo, Qoba ho Sebetsana le Mekhoa ea ho Sebetsana le Mekhoa ea ho Kopanela Liphate, le Neuroticism Inthaneteng Ho lemalla Bokhopo har'a Baithuti ba Koleji: Moderated Mediation Model (2016)

. 2016; 7: 1794.

E hatisitsoe Inthaneteng 2016 Nov 22. doi:  10.3389 / fpsyg.2016.01794

PMCID: PMC5118950

inahaneloang

Bokhoba ba papali ea inthanete (OGA) bo fetoha bothata bo boholo lefatšeng ka bophara. Morero oa phuputso ena e ne e le ho lekola maemo a OGA le likarolo tsa liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo, mekhoa ea ho qoba ho sebetsana le maemo (ACS), le neuroticism ho OGA. Kakaretso ea baithuti ba koleche ba China ba 651 ba khethiloe ka mehlala ea lihlopha tse sa reroang. Lihlooho li phethile mofuta oa China oa lintlha tse robeli tsa Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS), Online Game Cognition Addiction Scale (OGCAS), Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale ka Sechaena (EPQ-RSC), Chinese College-Student Stress Questionnaire, le Style Coping Lenane la lipotso. Structural equation modelling (SEM) e sebelisitsoe ho lekola litlamorao tsa liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo, li-ACS, le neuroticism ho OGA. Ho barupeluoa ba 651 sampoleng, 31 (4.8%) ba ile ba fumanoa e le makhoba. Ketsahalo ea OGA e ne e phahame habeli ho banna ho feta basali. Ba lemaletseng lithethefatsi ba ne ba e-na le lintlha tse phahameng haholo ho neuroticism subscale ea EPQ-RSC ho feta bao e seng makhoba. Ha li bapisoa le bao e seng makhoba, ba lemaletseng lithethefatsi ba ne ba tloaetse ho sebelisa li-ACS. Ho ba le leano la ho sebetsana le ho qoba mathata ho sebetsana le litlamorao tsa liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo ho OGA. Ntle le moo, neuroticism e lekantse phello e sa tobang ea liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo ho OGA ka li-ACS. Likopo tsa liphetho tsena lipatlisisong tsa etiological le mananeong a kalafo ea bongaka li a tšohloa.

Keywords: Bokhoba ba papali ea inthanete, ketsahalo e sithabetsang ea bophelo, maano a ho sebetsana ka katleho, neuroticism, tlhahlobo ea boitekolo, tlhahlobo ea bonamoli

Selelekela

Ho bapala papali ea inthanete e fetohile ketsahalo e kholo ea boikhathollo har'a bacha, haholo-holo Chaena, moo bana ba bang ba limilione tse 13 ho isa ho tse 15 ba lilemo li 18-24 ba tlalehiloeng hore ba kenella ho seo ho thoeng ke lipapali tsa lefatše tse phehellang (), ka hoo e ka bang halofo ea baahi bana e le baithuti ba koleche (). ba fumane hore 55.9% ea baithuti ba koleche ba tlalehile hore ba bapala lipapali tsa inthanete nakong ea bona ea phomolo, mme 67.5% ea baithuti bana e le banna.

Khoheli ea papali ea inthanete har'a batho ba baholo e kanna ea bakoa ke maemo a bona a ho kenella, a ntlafalitsoeng hantle a ho qoelisa le ho fana ka mokhoa oa tšebelisano lipakeng tsa basebelisi ba bangata, e ka nolofalletsang nts'etsopele ea likamano tsa batho lipakeng tsa lipapali tsa papali ntle le sebaka kapa nako. meeli (). Ntle le moo, ho nka karolo ho tsoelang pele ho matlafalitsoe ka hore tsebo e ntle ea papali e ile ea ntlafatsa botumo ba sebapali, ea mo fa tlhompho ho tsoa ho libapali tse ling, mme mohlomong, ea phethahatsa tlhoko ea ho itseba ().

Ho bile le ngangisano e mabapi le melemo le litšitiso tsa papali ea inthanete. Bafuputsi ba bang ba boletse hore lipapali tsa inthanete li ka kenya letsoho kholisong ea bocha ea tšusumetso ea tlhaho ka ho theha maemo a ho ithuta a kopanetsoeng le ka ho matlafatsa tlholisano, taolo, tšebelisano, phephetso le katleho (). Ba bang ba nyatsitse papali ea inthanete ka ho lebisa botsoa le boits'oaro bo mabifi (). Ho bapala lipapali tsa video, tse hlalosoang e le theknoloji ea tlhahiso-leseling ea hedonic, e sebelisang mahlale a tlhahisoleseling ho ithabisa ho fapana le ho kopa thuso ka mosebetsi oa sekolo e ka nolofalletsang ho khaotsa ho kena ha bocha sekolong. Ha boemo ba tšebeliso ea papali ea video bo phahama haholo, bocha bo tlohella sekolo ho feta (). Karolo e 'ngoe ea papali ea inthanete e kotsi haholo e ne e le ho lemalla papali ea inthanete (OGA), e hlalosoang e le "ts'ebeliso e fetelletseng le e qobelloang ea lipapali tsa likhomphutha kapa tsa video tse hlahisang mathata a sechaba le / kapa a maikutlo; [mme] leha a na le mathata ana, sebapali [se] sitoa ho laola ts'ebeliso e fetelletseng ena ”(, leq. 78).

Ho bapala papali e fetelletseng ea inthanete har'a baithuti ba koleche ho lebisitse ho khatello ea maikutlo, ho tšoenyeha, ho felloa ke takatso ea lijo, ho sithabela ho robala le ho ikoetlisa (; ). Mathata a tsamaiso ea nako le likamano lipakeng tsa bacha le tsona li tlalehiloe li atile haholo ka lebaka la makhoba a qeta nako e ngata marang-rang ho feta ho sebelisana le batho ka nnete (). Ntle le moo, bokhoba ba lilemong tsa bocha ho fumanoe ba fokolitse ts'ebetso ea thuto ka lebaka la ho ba sieo hangata litlelaseng ().

e hlahisitse mohopolo oa boits'oaro ba boits'oaro le boits'oaro o ka hlahlobang lisosa tsa mefuta e itseng e nang le mathata a ts'ebeliso ea Marang-rang, moo motho a sebelisang Marang-rang ka sepheo se itseng, joalo ka papali ea papali ea inthanete. Ho ea ka mohlala oa Davis, OGA ke litholoana tsa ts'oaetso (diathesis) le liketsahalo tsa bophelo (khatello ea maikutlo). Leha ho le joalo, kamano lipakeng tsa diathesis le liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo nts'etsopele ea OGA ha e hlake hantle.

Background

Liketsahalo tsa khatello ea bophelo, Mekhoa e Qobang ho Sebetsana le Boemo (ACSs) le Bokhoba ba Lipapali ba Inthaneteng (OGA): Bopaki ba Mohlala oa ho Thuisa

E thehiloe khopolong ea boits'oaro-boits'oaro (), Khopolo-taba ea rona e bonts'a hore kamano lipakeng tsa liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo le OGA e ka ba matla ho batho ba nang le tsebo e phahameng ea maladaptive kapa ba sebetsanang le boemo bona. Baithuti ba koleche ba ba le khatello ea maikutlo ka lebaka la khatello ea thuto, likhohlano tsa batho, ho batla mosebetsi le lintlha tse ling (; ). Khokahano lipakeng tsa liketsahalo tsa khatello ea bophelo le ho lemalla marang-rang sechabeng sena e se e thehiloe (; ), Ho fana ka maikutlo a hore khatello ea maikutlo e ka ba ponelopele e matla ea OGA e latelang. Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa oa ho sebetsana le boemo joaloka mokena-lipakeng o bonts'itsoe ho ikarabella bakeng sa phapang e ngata ea maemo a khatello ea kelello le mathata a amanang le khatello ea maikutlo. Mohlala, kamora ho pepesetsoa khatello ea maikutlo, batho ba tlalehileng ts'ebeliso e kholo ea ho sebetsana le maikutlo a maikutlo (ke hore, ho laola matšoao a maikutlo a khatello ea maikutlo) ba tlaleha boleng ba boroko bo futsanehileng ho feta ba tlalehileng ts'ebeliso e kholo ea tharollo ea mathata (ke hore, ho fetola khatello ea maikutlo- ho baka maemo) (). Ho imeloa kelellong ha ho se na mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho sebetsana le bothata ke sesupo se matla sa tšebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi (). Ho joalo, batho ba sebelisang papali e qobelloang ea papali ho sebetsana le mathata a letsatsi le letsatsi kapa ho khesoa sechabeng ba fumanoe ba le kotsing ea ho lemalla ().

Ho loketse ho hlokomela hore mekhahlelo le litekanyetso tsa tlhahlobo ea mathata a ts'ebeliso ea Marang-rang lia arohana (), Litšoaneleho tsa li-subtypes tsa bothata bona le likamano tsa tsona ho hatella liketsahalo tsa bophelo le ho sebetsana ka katleho le mathata li ka fapana le tsona. ho hlahisitsoe likaroloana tse peli: ts'ebeliso e khethehileng ea marang-rang ea marang-rang (SPIU) le ts'ebeliso e akaretsang ea marang-rang ea marang-rang (GPIU). GPIU e bua ka bokhoba ba inthanete ka boeona ebile ha e na taba le ketsahalo efe kapa efe e fumanehang marang-rang, ha SPIU e ntse e hlalosoa e le tšebeliso e fetelletseng ea boits'oaro bo ikhethileng marang-rang, joalo ka ho bapala papali ea inthanete, ho becha, thobalano le ho etsa metsoalle inthaneteng. Ka ea mohlala, SPIU le GPIU li ka hlaha ka mefuta e 'meli e fapaneng ea ts'ebetso ea ts'oaetso e mpe. Maemo a sechaba a batho ba lemalloang, joalo ka ho itšehla thajana kapa ho hloka tšehetso ea sechaba ho tsoa ho ba lelapa kapa metsoalle ho ka kenya letsoho tseleng e bakang GPIU. GPIU e kanna ea ba karabelo ea boits'oaro bakeng sa ho sebetsana le likhatello. Leha ho le joalo, SPIU e kanna ea ba litholoana tsa psychopathology e neng e le teng pele (ke hore, ho qobella ho becha le tlhekefetso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa). Ketsahalo e ikhethileng ea inthaneteng e sebelitse e le ho matlafatsa boits'oaro ba psychopathology kapele (). Ntle le moo, mekhoa ea ts'oaetso e mpe, joalo ka ho ruruha, ho se itšepe le ho itjarisa molato e etsoa ka bo eona ha batho ba tobana le khatello ea maikutlo kapa ba sebelisana le tšusumetso e amanang le inthanete, e lebisang ho SPIU kapa GPIU. Liphetho tsa rona tse fetileng li bontšitse hore liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo li kentse letsoho ho GPIU, le hore litlamorao tsena li ne li sebelisitsoe ka li-ACS, ho kenyeletsoa ho ipona molato, litoro, ho ikhula le ho beha mabaka (). Ha re nahana hore makhoba a papali ea inthanete a tloaetse ho sebelisa maano a ho qoba ho baleha khatello ea maikutlo ea letsatsi le letsatsi le ho qoba boikarabello ba letsatsi le letsatsi (; ), hoa utloahala ho fana ka maikutlo a hore liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo li kenya letsoho ho OGA haholo-holo ho batho ba nang le li-ACS.

Ho lekanyetsa ka Neuroticism

Har'a litšobotsi tsa botho, ho ba mabifi le ho se ts'oenyehe ho se ho hapiloe tlhokomelo e kholo e le tse boletsoeng esale pele tsa OGA, athe karolo ea neuroticism e hlokomolohiloe ka mokhoa o itseng (; ). Mohlala, bacha ba sebelisang papali ea inthanete ka mokhoa o fetelletseng ba ne ba ka ba le boits'oaro bo mabifi selemong se fetileng, ba fana ka maikutlo a hore mabifi e ne e le sebali se loketseng sa OGA e latelang (). Bacha ba baholo ba tsejoang ka ho se tsotelle, ho nka karolo ho li-MMORPG ho ka ba basebelisi ba inthanete ba nang le mathata ().

Ho khahlisang ke hore, liphuputso tse mabapi le kamano lipakeng tsa neuroticism le OGA li tsoakane. Bafuputsi ba bangata ba tlalehile hore makhoba a papali ea inthanete a fumane lintlha tse phahameng ho neuroticism (; ; ), empa ba bang ha baa ka ba fumana phapang pakeng tsa ba lemalloang le bao e seng makhoba ()). Ho utloisisa mabaka a liphetho tsena tse tsoakaneng ho thatafalloa ke mofuta o fapaneng oa litekanyetso tsa tlhahlobo, lisebelisoa le semelo sa lithuto. Kaha ts'epahalo ea lithethefatsi e arolelana likarolo tsa bongaka le OGA, 'me neuroticism ke e' ngoe ea lintlha tse matla tse khethollang baahi ba itšetlehileng ka lithethefatsi (; ), Ho bohlokoa ho lekola karolo ea neuroticism, hammoho le litšobotsi tse ling ho OGA.

Neuroticism e khona ho utloisisa maikutlo a khatello ea maikutlo le litlamorao tsa eona (; ). Mokhoa oa pele oo neuroticism e ka bang le seabe kamanong lipakeng tsa liketsahalo tsa khatello ea bophelo le OGA ke ka ho ama kamano eo e leng teng kapa e tsebahalang ho feta. Kamano lipakeng tsa khetho ea Marang-rang le lithethefatsi tsa inthanete e ne e le matla le ho feta ho bacha ba methapo ea kutlo (; ). Ho feta moo, neuroticism e ka ba le phello e matla tekanyong kamanong ea mekhoa ea ho sebetsana le OGA. Mohopolo o ne o tšehelitsoe ke liphuputso tsa hore neuroticism e ka noha mekhoa e mebe ea ho sebetsana le maemo, joalo ka litoro, ho beha mabaka, kapa ho hula, haholoholo ho bacha ba hatelletsoeng (). Batho ba nang le methapo ea kutlo ba ne ba tloaetse ho tšoenyeha haholo ka sefahleho sefahleho le puisano ho feta puisano ea inthanete, e leng se etsang hore ba lule marang-rang ho imolla matšoenyeho ha ba pepesetsoa khatello ea maikutlo (). Kahoo, ha se libapali tsohle tsa papali ea inthanete tse anngoeng ka ho lekana ke liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo le hore neuroticism e ka lekanyetsa kamano lipakeng tsa ho pepeseha khatello ea maikutlo, li-ACS le OGA.

Ka kakaretso, ho na le tlhoko ea ho lekola tšebelisano ea semelo le mekhoa ea ho sebetsana le ntlafatso ea OGA. Leha ho le joalo, ke lithuto tse fokolang haholo tse hlahlobileng litšebelisano lipakeng tsa methapo ea kutlo, maano a ho sebetsana ka katleho, liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo le OGA ho baithuti ba koleche.

Morero oa thuto ea hajoale e ne e le ho hlahloba hore na sebopeho sa tšobotsi ea methapo ea kutlo se ama kamano joang lipakeng tsa liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo le OGA ka li-ACS. Mesebetsi ea rona ea pejana e bontšitse hore psychoticism le extroversion e ne e le likhakanyo tse peli tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa GPIU, empa eseng neuroticism (). Boithuto ba hajoale bo ka kenya letsoho lithutong tsa PIU le ho hatela pele thutong ea rona ea pele ka ho totobatsa karolo e fapaneng ea neuroticism ho nts'etsopele ea GPIU le SPIU bakeng sa papali.

Re etsa tlhahiso ea mofuta o tsoakaneng oo ho oona o ka hlahlobang mekhoa e sebetsanang le tšebelisano ea liketsahalo tsa khatello ea bophelo le litsobotsi tsa botho ho noha OGA (Figure Figure11). Mofuteng ona o tsoakaneng, phello e itekanetseng ea methapo ea kutlo kamanong pakeng tsa liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo le OGA e ka hlalosoa hanyane ka hanyane ke mokena-lipakeng ea fapaneng oa li-ACS. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, tšebelisano lipakeng tsa neuroticism le li-ACS ha ho khethoa nts'etsopele ea OGA e ka fana ka maikutlo a boteng ba phello e lekanyelitsoeng ea boemeli.

Tšoantšiso 1  

Moetso o kopaneng o kopantsoeng.

Thutong ea hajoale, ketsahalo ea OGA e ile ea khethoa ka sampole ea baithuti ba koleche ea China mme likarolo tsa li-ACS le neuroticism ho OGA li ile tsa hlahlojoa. Re ipapisitse le: (1) hore ketsahalo ea OGA ho baithuti ba koleche ea China, haholo banna, e ka ba holimo ho feta sechaba ka kakaretso; (2) makhoba a papali ea inthanete a ne a tla ba le maemo a phahameng a liketsahalo tsa khatello ea bophelo, li-ACS, le neuroticism ho feta bao e seng makhoba; le (3) hore kamano lipakeng tsa liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo le OGA e tla buelloa ke li-ACS, le hore ts'ebetso ena ea bonamoli e tla fapana le neuroticism.

Lisebelisoa le mekhoa

Barupeluoa le Mekhoa ea Ts'ebetso

Mohlala o sa reroang oa liunivesithi tse tharo o ile oa khethoa hore o hlahlojoe ka ho beha liunivesithi tsohle toropong ea Guangzhou database. Kabo e sa reroang e ile ea sebelisoa ho khetha bankakarolo ho bokelleng sampole. Morupeluoa e mong le e mong o ile a botsoa ho tlatsa lipotso.

Kakaretso ea baithuti ba koleche ba 700 ba ithaopetse ho nka karolo thutong ena ntle le tefo. Hobane 46 e ile ea qheleloa ka thoko ka lebaka la tlhaiso-leseling kapa tlhaelo ea boiphihlelo ba inthanete, boholo ba mehlala ea ho qetela e ne e le 654. Sehlopha se kenyelelitse banna ba 298 (45.6%) le basali ba 356 (54.4%). Karolelano ea lilemo e ne e le lilemo tse 20.29 (SD = 1.39; mokoloko 18-22). Ba tlalehile hore ba sebelisitse karolelano ea 19.39 h / wk (SD = 17.12; marang-rang a 1-140) a sebelisa marang-rang le 2.62 h / wk (SD = 6.32; range 0-76) ho bapala lipapali tsa inthanete. Barupeluoa ba ne ba ikakhetse ka setotsoana ho saense ea sechaba (moruo, tsamaiso ea khoebo, thuto, philology, molao, lipolotiki kapa filosofi) kapa saense ea tlhaho (lipalo, fisiks, k'hemistri, baeloji, saense ea bophelo kapa saense ea likhomphutha). Phuputso ena e entsoe ho latela likhothaletso tsa 'Ethic of guidelines, The Institutional Review Board of Sun Yat-sen University' ka tumello e ngotsoeng e tsoang ho bankakarolo bohle. Boto ea Tlhahlobo ea Setheo ea Univesithi ea Sun Yat-sen e amohetse leano la thuto ena. Barupeluoa bohle ba fane ka tumello e ngotsoeng e nang le tsebo ho latela Phatlalatso ea Helsinki. Pele thuto e qala, barupeluoa ba ile ba tsebisoa hore sepheo sa lipatlisiso ke ho hlahloba lintlha tsa kelello tse amanang le ts'ebeliso ea Marang-rang, mme ba netefatsa hore ho se tsejoe le ho ba boinotšing ho tla sireletsoa ka botlalo.

Mehato

Lipotso li ne li tsamaisoa ka sebopeho sa sehlopha 'me li nkile metsotso e 20-30 ho li phethela. Karolo ea palo ea lenane la lipotso e kenyelletsa bong, lilemo, kholo le selemo kolecheng. Barupeluoa ba ile ba botsoa hore na ba bapala lipapali tsa inthanete. Ba arabileng hantle ba ile ba botsoa ka nako eo ba e bapalang le nako e tloaelehileng eo ba e qetang ba bapala lipapali tsa inthanete beke le beke. Mokhoa o felletseng o phatlalalitsoe pejana (). Litekanyo tsohle tse sebelisitsoeng thutong ea hajoale li hlahisitsoe ho Lethathamo Lethathamo11.

Lethathamo 1  

Lisebelisoa tsohle tse sebelisitsoeng thutong ena.

Internet Addiction

IAS () ke sekala sa boitsebiso ba lintho tse robeli se neng se sebelisetsoa ho lekola ho ameha ha motho ka inthanete. Mofuta oa China oa Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS; ) e sebelisitsoe thutong ea hajoale. Ntho e ngoe le e ngoe e nkuoe e le 0 (che) kapa 1 (e). Barupeluoa ba phethahatsang litekanyetso tse hlano ho tse robeli ba nkuoa e le basebelisi ba marang-rang ba nang le mathata. Ha re nahana hore papali ea chelete ea papali ea chelete le papali ea inthanete li arolelana likarolo tse tšoanang tsa kliniki, joalo ka takatso, ho ikhula le mamello (), ntlha e khaotsoeng ea "5" e ne e lumellana le palo ea litekanyetso tse sebelisitsoeng bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea papali ea chelete ea Pathological mme e lokela ho nkuoa e le lintlha tse thata ho feta ho khetholla ho tloaelehileng ho lemalloang ke inthanete (). Lintho tse hlano li kenyelletsa: boiteko bo phetoang ba ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea Marang-rang; tlhoko ea nako e ntseng e eketseha ea inthanete ho fihlela khotsofalo e lekanang; khatello ea maikutlo, ho teneha kapele, kapa mokoloto oa maikutlo ha ts'ebeliso ea inthanete e lekantsoe; ho lula inthaneteng nako e telele ho feta kamoo ho neng ho lebelletsoe; le ho sebelisa Marang-rang e le mokhoa oa ho laola maikutlo, o tšoauoang ke lipoleloana tse kang “Ke sebelisa Marang-rang e le tsela ea ho balehela mathata kapa ho kokobetsa maikutlo,” “Ke utloa ke hloka ho sebelisa marang-rang ka nako e ngata e le hore u khotsofale. ” Lintho tse tharo tse setseng li kenyelletsa: tahlehelo ea kamano ea bohlokoa, ts'ebetso ea thuto le monyetla oa mosebetsi ka lebaka la Marang-rang; ho thetsa batho ba bang ho pata hore na batho ba kenella hakae Inthaneteng; hape ke ikutloa ke phathahane ka marang-rang, a tšoauoang ke lipoleloana tse kang "Ke thetsa litho tsa lelapa, setsebi sa bongaka, kapa ba bang ho pata ho kenella ha Marang-rang" setlhopha se kopane ”. Coefficient ea ka hare ea ts'ebetso e ne e le ntle haholo (Cronbach's α = 0.95) bakeng sa sampuli ea hona joale.

Bokhoba ba papali ea inthanete (OGA)

Mofuta oa China oa Online Game Cognitive Addiction Scale (OGCAS; ) e ne e sebelisetsoa ho lekola mekhoa ea boits'oaro, ho qobella, ho ikhula le ho se sebetse hantle sechabeng ho amanang le papali ea inthanete. Lintho tse 16 tsa mofuta oa China oa OGCAS li lekantsoe ka lintlha tse tsoang ho 1 (ke hana haholo) ho isa ho 5 (ke lumela ka matla) ka lintlha tse holimo tse bonts'ang tloaelo e kholo ho OGA, e tšoantšetsoang ke lipolelo tse kang "Kamehla ke na le takatso e matla ea ho bapala papali ea inthanete, ”“ Ho fumana tsebo e ncha ea papali ke eona feela tsela ea ho nthabisa, ”“ Kamehla ke bapala papali ea inthanete nako e telele ho feta kamoo e neng e reriloe qalong, ”“ Ke khetha ho lula papaling ea lefatše ho fapana le ho bua le batho ba bang ho lefatše la sebele, ”“ Ke ikutloa ke se na phomolo, ke sithabetse maikutlo kapa ke teneha nako le nako ha ke leka ho fokotsa kapa ho emisa ho bapala Inthaneteng, ”“ Kamehla ke lebala ho ja kapa ho etsa mosebetsi oa sekolo o etsetsoang hae ka lebaka la ho bapala lipapali tsa inthanete. ” Mohlala oa hajoale, botsitso ba kahare ba OGCAS (Cronbach's α = 0.95) le li-subscales tse 'ne (mekhoa ea kutloisiso, Cronbach's α = 0.71; ho qobelloa, Cronbach's α = 0.87; = 0.83) e ne e le khabane.

Lintlha tse bolelang tsa OGCAS e ne e le 22.92 (SD = 9.22) bakeng sa sampole ea hajoale. Ho ipapisitsoe le tlhaiso-leseling ena, lintlha tsa cutoff tsa OGCAS li behiloe ho 32, e leng se phethileng litekanyetso e le kakaretso ea lintlha tse bolelang le ho kheloha ho tloaelehileng. Mefuta e 'meli ea lihlopha tsa basebelisi ba inthanete e ile ea khetholloa ho latela CIAS le OGCAS Scale: ba lemaletseng papali ea inthanete (lintlha tsa OGCAS Scale ≥32, le lintlha tsa CIAS ≥5) le basebelisi bao e seng ba OGA Internet (OGCAS Scale <32, le lintlha tsa CIAS <5 ).

Liketsahalo tse sithabetsang bophelong

Potso ea khatello ea maikutlo ea khatello ea baithuti ba China College (CSSQ; ) ke sekala sa boipheliso sa lintlha tse 19 se lekanyang makhetlo le matla a liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo bakeng sa bankakarolo. Sesebelisoa sena se kenyelletsa liphallelo tse hlano: khatello ea maikutlo lithutong, khatello ea puisano sechabeng, khatello ea maikutlo e amanang le mosebetsi, mathata a letsatsi le letsatsi, le liketsahalo tse kholo tsa bophelo, tse tšoantšetsoang ke lipolelo tse kang "Ke hloleha tlhahlobo ea bohareng ba nako kapa tlhatlhobo ea ho qetela," "Ke na le khohlano le motsoalle oa ka oa hlooho ea khomo, ”“ Ke feila puisano ea bohlokoa, ”“ Ke ikutloa ke felloa ke takatso ea lijo hape ke hlobaela ho robala, ”“ Ke na le boiphihlelo ba bokuli bo tebileng le lefu la setho sa lelapa leso. ” Barupeluoa ba arabile ka e (lintlha = 1) kapa che (lintlha = 0) linthong tse botsoang hore na ketsahalo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea khatello ea bophelo e etsahetse ho bona likhoeling tse 6 tse fetileng. Bakeng sa karabo ka 'ngoe "ea" e, barupeluoa ba tlalehile boima ba khatello ea maikutlo ka ho sebelisa lintlha tsa 1 (ha ho na phello), 2 (phello e bonolo), 3 (e tebile haholo), kapa 4 (e tebileng haholo). Mo sampoleng oa hajoale, botsitso ba kahare ba CCSQ (Cronbach's α = 0.83) le li-subscales tse hlano (khatello ea thuto, Cronbach's α = 0.71; khatello ea puisano ea sechaba, Cronbach's α = 0.60; khatello ea kelello e amanang le mosebetsi, Cronbach's α = 0.70; letsatsi le letsatsi li-hasles, Cronbach's α = 0.62; liketsahalo tse kholo tsa bophelo, Cronbach's α = 0.63) e ne e amoheleha.

Mekhoa ea ho sebetsana ka katleho

Lethathamo la lipotso tsa setaele sa Coping (CSQ; ) e nang le lintho tse 62 le liphallelo tse tšeletseng (tharollo ea mathata, ho ipeha molato, ho batla thuso, litoro, mamello le ho beha mabaka) e sebelisitsoe ho lekola mekhoa ea motho ea ho sebetsana le khatello ea maikutlo. Mofuta oa CSQ oa CSQ () e ile ea fuoa barupeluoa thutong ea hajoale. Li-ACS li kenyelletsa ho ipea molato, litoro, mamello le ho beha mabaka, athe maano a ho sebetsana le ho sebetsana le ona a kenyelletsa ho rarolla mathata le ho batla thuso. Barupeluoa ba ile ba hlokoa hore ba fane ka karabo ea ee (lintlha = 1) kapa che (lintlha = 0) nthong e ngoe le e ngoe e nang le lintlha tse phahameng tse bontšang ts'epo e kholo morerong o amanang le ho sebetsana le boemo. Mo sampoleng oa hajoale, botsitso ba kahare ba CSQ (Cronbach's α = 0.78) bo ne bo lekane. C ea Cronbach bakeng sa liphallelo tse tšeletseng e tloha ho 0.50 ho isa ho 0.67.

Litšoaneleho tsa botho

Foromo e Khutsufalitsoeng ea Foromo ea Eysenck ea Botho e Khuts'oane (EPQ-RS; ) e nang le litekanyo tse 48 tsa tlaleho ea hau e nang le liphallelo tse 'ne: psychoticism, extraversion, neuroticism, le takatso ea sechaba li sebelisitsoe haholo ho lekanya litšobotsi tsa botho. Re sebelisitse EPQ-RS ka Sechaena (thutong ea hajoale. Litšobotsi tsena tse 'ne li bontšitsoe li na le ho tšoana hantle ha lintlha linaheng tse 34 phuputsong e ileng ea sekaseka lintlha tse amanang le bong (). Barupeluoa ba fane ka karabo ea e kapa che, 'me likarabo li fumanoe 1 kapa 0, ka ho latellana, ntle le lintho tse ling tse khutliselitsoeng morao. Mo sampoleng oa hajoale, coefficient ea Cronbach α bakeng sa EPQ-RSC e ne e tloha ho 0.62 ho isa ho 0.72.

Ho lekoa bakeng sa Bonamoli bo itekanetseng

Bonolo bo bonolo bo boleloa bo etsahala ha sephetho sa sesosa sa phapano e ikemetseng ho mofuta o itšetlehileng se fetisoa ke mokena-lipakeng (). Bonamoli bo itekanetseng bo etsahala ha likamano tsa bonamoli li ipapisitse le boemo ba molekanyetsi, ke ha boholo ba tšebetso ea bonamoli bo ipapisitse le mookameli (; ). Haeba motsamaisi (neuroticism thutong ea rona) a fapana ka batho ka bomong, boemeli bo lekanyelitsoeng bo supa hore ts'ebetso ea ho kena lipakeng e kenellang lipakeng tsa maemo a sa tloaelehang le sephetho se fapana lipakeng tsa batho ba fapaneng mookameli.

Ts'ebetso ea Structural Equation Model e sebelisitsoe ho lekola litlamorao tsa liketsahalo tsa khatello ea bophelo, li-ACS le neuroticism ho OGA. Liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo li ile tsa lekanyetsoa ho sebelisoa CCSQ e felletseng. OGA e lekantsoe ho sebelisoa kakaretso ea OGCAS. Li-ACS li ile tsa lekanyetsoa ho sebelisoa kakaretso ea lintlha tse 'ne tsa tlatsetso: ho ipona molato, litoro, mamello le ho beha mabaka. Neuroticism e ne e lekantsoe ho sebelisoa karoloana ea Neuroticism ho EPQ-RSC.

Moetso oa khopolo-taba ena o ne o na le liketsahalo tsa khatello ea bophelo e le mofetoheli o ikemetseng, neuroticism joalo ka motsamaisi ea tsoelang pele, li-ACS joalo ka mokena-lipakeng, OGA joalo ka phapano e itšetlehileng ka eona, le selemo sa bong le sa koleche e le mefuta e fapaneng ea taolo. Ho ea ka mehato e lekantsoeng ea tlhahlobo ea bonamoli mehato e ntlafalitsoeng ke , ho equation 1, re hakantsoe phello ea liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo (maemo a ikemetseng), neuroticism (mookameli), liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo*neuroticism (interaction1) ho OGA (ho fapana ho fapana). Ho equation 2, re hakantse phello ea liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo, neuroticism, liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo*neuroticism ho li-ACS (mokena-lipakeng). Ho equation 3, re hakantse phello ea liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo, neuroticism, li-ACS, li-ACS*neuroticism (interaction2), liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo*neuroticism ho OGA. Joalokaha ho khothalelitsoe ke , likhakanyo tsohle li ne li tsepame.

Equation 1: Online game addiction = c1 Stressful life events +c2 Neuroticism + c3 stressful life events*neuroticism + e1Equation   2:    ACSs = a1Stressful life events + a2 Neuroticism                       + a3 Stressful life events* neuroticism + e2Equation 3: Online game addiction = c'Stressful life events +c'2 Neuroticism + b1Li-ACS + b2Li-ACS *Neuroticism +c'3 Stressful life events*Neuroticism + e3

Phello e sa tobang (bonamoli bo lekanyelitsoeng) e baloa e le (a1 + ho3 Ts'oaetso) × (b1 +b2 Neuroticism).

Boitsebiso ba Lintlha

Tlhatlhobo ea lipalo-palo e entsoe ho Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, mofuta 20.0 ea Windows; Chicago, IL, USA) le Mplus (mofuta 5, ). Litlhahlobo tse hlalosang li ile tsa etsoa mefuteng eohle. Litšobotsi tsa mantlha li ile tsa bapisoa lipakeng tsa lihlopha tse sebelisang sampole e ikemetseng t-ka liteko tsa mefuta-futa ea liteko le teko ea chi-squared bakeng sa mefuta-futa ea boleng. Lihlopha tsa papali ea papali ea papali ea inthanete le tse seng tahi li ile tsa bapisoa le sampole e ikemetseng t-liteko. Li-coefficients tsa pearson li sebelisitsoe ho lekola matla a likamano tse fapaneng lipakeng tsa mefuta e fapaneng ea lithahasello. PLitekanyetso li lokisoa ke mokhoa oa Bonferroni bakeng sa lipapiso tse ngata le likamano tse ngata.

Mefuta e lekanyelitsoeng ea bonamoli e hakantsoe ho ipapisitse le tlhaiso-leseling e tsoang ho bankakarolo bohle ba 654 ba nang le mehato e nepahetseng ea liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo, neuroticism, li-ACS le OGA, tse laolang mefuta e fapaneng (ke hore, tekano le selemo sa koleche). Lintlha tse sieo li sebetsoa ka tlhaiso-leseling e felletseng (XNUMX)). Boemo ba bohlokoa bo behiloe ho p ≤ 0.05. Bakeng sa meetso e inahaneloang, re hlahlobile mefuta e loketseng ka ho sebelisa index ea papiso e lekanang (CFI), Tucker-Lewis fit index (TLI), phoso ea methapo-kholo-sekwere ea ho lekanyetsa (RMSEA), masalla a methapo ea methapo-kholo (SRMR) , le tekanyetso ea tlhaiso-leseling ea Bayesi (BIC) joalokaha ho khothalelitsoe ke . Moetso o motle o bontšoa ke CFI e kholo ho feta 0.95, TLI e kholo ho feta 0.95 le RMSEA e nyane ho 0.05 ().

Results

sampole

Ho barupeluoa ba 654 ba kenyellelitsoeng phuputsong ena, 31 (4.7%) ba fumanoe e le makhoba a papali ea inthanete (OGCAS: 44.97, 8.14; CIAS: 5.38, 1.78), le 623 (95.3%) e ne e se makhoba (OGCAS: 19.38, 4.78 Litlhaku tsa CIAS: 1.90, 1.37). Ho ba lemalloang ba 31, 21 (77.4%) e ne e le banna, ho lebisang ho phapang ea bong pakeng tsa ba lemalloang le bao e seng makhoba (χ2 = 18.21, p <0.001). Har'a bao e seng makhoba, 277 (44.5%) e ne e le banna le 346 (55.5%) e ne e le basali. Ho ne ho se na phapang e kholo lipakeng tsa sehlopha sa OGA le sehlopha seo e seng sa OGA ho latela lilemo, selemo kolecheng, kapa kholo.

Phapang ea lihlopha tse ngata liphethong tsa lipotso

Lintlha tse ngata tsa lipotso li hlahisoa ka Lethathamo Lethathamo22. Mabapi le khatello ea maikutlo, e lekiloeng le CSSQ, lintlha tsa lihlopha tse peli li ne li ts'oana le khatello ea maikutlo, khatello ea mosebetsi, mathata a letsatsi le letsatsi, likhohlano tsa batho ba bang le liketsahalo tse kholo. Ka bokhutšoanyane, CSQ e senotse hore sehlopha sa OGA se bonts'itse tšekamelo e kholo ho li-ACS ho feta sehlopha se seng sa OGA (ho ipeha molato: t = -3.81, p <0.001; khopolo-taba: t = -3.28, p = 0.001). Ntle le moo, lintlha tsa sehlopha sa OGA li ne li phahame haholo ho neuroticism (t = -3.90, p <0.001) liphallelo tsa EPQ-RSC ho feta tsa sehlopha seo e seng sa OGA.

Lethathamo 2  

Mekhoa le maemo a liketsahalo tse sithabetsang bophelong, maano a ho sebetsana ka katleho, litšobotsi tsa botho, le bokhoba ba papali ea inthanete (OGA).

Likamano lipakeng tsa Liketsahalo tsa Khatello ea Bophelo, li-ACS, Neuroticism le OGA

Likamano lipakeng tsa mefuta ea lithahasello li hlahisoa ka thoko bakeng sa banna le basali ho Lethathamo Lethathamo33. Ho ile ha bonoa liphapang tse kholo tsa bong, ka banna feela ba bonts'ang lipalo-palo tsa bohlokoa lipakeng tsa liketsahalo tse sithabetsang bophelong, khatello ea thuto, li-ACS, psychoticism le lintlha tsa OGCAS. Ka ho khetheha, ho banna, li-ACS li tsamaisana le liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo (r = 0.33, p <0.001), khatello ea maikutlo ea thuto (r = 0.23, p <0.001), kelello ea kelello (r = 0.34, p <0.001) le lintlha tsa OGCAS (r = 0.25, p <0.001).

Lethathamo 3  

Likamano lipakeng tsa liketsahalo tsa khatello ea bophelo, maano a ho sebetsana ka katleho, litšobotsi tsa botho le OGA bakeng sa banna (N = 298) le basali (N = 356).

Ho basali, li-ACS li tsamaisana le liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo (r = 0.27, p <0.001), khatello ea maikutlo ea thuto (r = 0.24, p <0.001), le kelello ea kelello (r = 0.25, p <0.001). Ho ne ho se na kamano e ntle lipakeng tsa li-ACS le lintlha tsa OGCAS (Lethathamo Lethathamo33).

Boikarabello bo Lekaneng

Moetso oa litekanyo o ile oa lekoa pele hore na o lekana le data ka CFA, 'me o ne o lekana hantle le data, CFI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.052 [90% CI = 0.042-0.061].

Kamora hore mofuta oa litekanyo o amohelehang o ntlafatsoe, mofuta oa sebopeho o ile oa lekoa. Figure Figure22 bonts'a sephetho sa tlhahlobo ea Structural equation modeling (SEM). Mokhahlelo oa pele e ne e le ho theha mofuta o bonolo oa ho kena lipakeng oo OGA e neng e le khatello ea maikutlo ho khatello ea kelello e emeloang ke li-ACS. Moetso o bonolo oa ho kena lipakeng o bonts'itse li-indices tsa mofuta o khotsofatsang (χ2 = 2.48, df = 3, p <0.001, CFI = 1.00, TLI = 1.00, RESEA <0.001, SRMR = 0.01, BIC = 6714.64). Li-coefficients tsa maemo a tloaelehileng ho tloha liketsahalong tsa khatello ea bophelo ho isa ho li-ACS [β = 0.277 (SE = 0.043), p <0.001] le ho tloha ACSs ho ea OGA [β = 0.195 (SE = 0.045), p <0.001] li ne li le bohlokoa. Tsela e tsoang liketsahalong tsa khatello ea bophelo ho ea OGA le eona e ne e le bohlokoa [β = 0.09 (SE = 0.05), p <0.05].

Tšoantšiso 2  

Liphetho tsa tlhahlobo ea bonamoli bakeng sa tahi ea papali ea inthanete. Litekanyetso tse hlahisitsoeng ke li-coefficients tse lekantsoeng***P <0.00; #P maemong a bohlokoa hanyane).

Mokhahlelo oa bobeli e ne e le ho leka mofuta o lekanyelitsoeng oa bonamoli. Moetso o inahaneloang o fumane li-indices tsa mofuta o amohelehang (χ2 = 1.78, df = 1, p <0.001, CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.91, RESEA = 0.036, SRMR = 0.01, BIC = 9957.67). Tshekatsheko ya bonamoli e bontšitse hore li-coefficients tsa tsela e hlophisitsoeng ho tloha liketsahalong tsa khatello ea bophelo ho isa ho li-ACS [β = 0.275 (SE = 0.039), p <0.001] le ho tloha ACSs ho ea OGA [β = 0.199 (SE = 0.046), p <0.001] li ne li le bohlokoa. Tsela e tlohang liketsahalong tsa khatello ea bophelo ho ea OGA e ne e se bohlokoa [β = 0.025 (SE = 0.044), p > 0.05]. Joalokaha ho nahanoa, li-ACS li ile tsa tsepamisa kamano e ntle lipakeng tsa liketsahalo tsa khatello ea bophelo le OGA. Ho feta moo, tšebelisano-'moho ea neuroticism ho bophelo ba khatello esita le ho OGA e ne e le maemong a bohlokoa hanyane [β = -0.093 (SE = 0.049), p = 0.06]. Habohlokoa, tšebelisano ea tšebetso ea neuroticism ho ACS ho OGA e ne e le ntle ebile e le bohlokoa lipalo-palo [β = 0.134 (SE = 0.051), p <0.001] (Figure Figure22). Li-coefficients tsa khatello ea mefuta e meraro li hlahisoa ka Lethathamo Lethathamo44. Likamano tse bohlokoa tse bonoeng e ne e le sesupo sa bonamoli bo lekantsoeng, ho bolelang hore ACS (ts'ebetso ea ho kena lipakeng) e ileng ea kenella lipakeng tsa khatello ea maikutlo (phapano e ikemetseng) le OGA (phapano e itšetlehileng ka eona) e ne e fapane bakeng sa batho ba fapaneng mabapi le neuroticism (mookameli).

Lethathamo 4  

Mohlala oa khopolo-taba ea bo-mediation.

Puisano

Phuputso ena e shebile ho hlahloba hore na khatello ea maikutlo le litšoaneleho tsa motho ka mong tsa kelello, joalo ka li-ACS le neuroticism, li amana joang le OGA ho baithuti ba koleche ea China. Liphumano li fana ka bopaki bo matla bo bontšang hore liketsahalo tse sithabetsang bophelong e ka ba selelekela sa bohlokoa sa OGA. Li-ACS le neuroticism li tsamaisana le OGA, haholo banna. Kamano lipakeng tsa liketsahalo tsa khatello ea bophelo le OGA e ne e sebelisitsoe ka botlalo ke li-ACS. Habohlokoa, boholo ba tšebetso ena ea bonamoli bo ne bo ipapisitse le molebeli, e leng neuroticism.

Mohlala oa hajoale, 4.7% ea bankakarolo-baithuti ba koleche le 7.05% ea baithuti ba banna ba khethiloe e le makhoba a lipapali tsa inthanete hobane ba phethile litekanyetso tsa OGCAS le IAS (bona Lisebelisoa le Mekhoa). Sekhahla sena sa ketsahalo se ne se le tlase ho feta sekhahla sa batho ka kakaretso le baithuti ba koleche ba Chaena ba tlalehiloeng lithutong tse fetileng. Phuputso e tsoang ho e bontšitse hore sekhahla sa liketsahalo tsa bana ba lilemo li 13-24 e ne e le 9.72%. e tlalehile ketsahalo ea 12.2% ea ts'oaetso ea ho lemalla inthanete har'a baithuti ba koleche ba sebelisang Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS, ), Le e tlalehile ketsahalo ea 17% ea OGA har'a baithuti ba koleche ba China ba sebelisang sekala sa OGA (OGAS, ). Hobane thuto ea rona ke ea 6 le ea 12 ea morao tjena ho feta lithuto tsena, ka ho latellana, lintlha tsena li kanna tsa bontša ho ata ho fokotsehang ha OGA har'a baithuti ba koleche ea China. Leha ho le joalo, liphetho tsena li lokela ho tolokoa ka hloko hobane ho sebelisitsoe mehato e fapaneng, mme thuto ea rona e ne e na le litekanyetso tse thata ho feta tsa ba neng ba sebelisitsoe lithutong tse fetileng. Haeba OGA e fokotseha kannete, e kanna ea ba ka lebaka la mananeo a thibelo, ho kenyelletsa taolo ea khatello ea maikutlo, koetliso ea boiphihlelo ba taolo ea maikutlo, le koetliso ea boiphihlelo, e neng e reretsoe ho lekola tšusumetso ea papali e fetelletseng ea inthanete har'a baithuti ba koleche likhamphaseng tsa yunivesithi. Ntle le moo, mesebetsi ea rona ea pejana e fumane hore ho ata ha GPIU e ne e le 13.2% ho palo ena ea boithuto (), Ho fana ka maikutlo a hore basebelisi ba k'holejeng ba sebelisang marang-rang ba ka ba kotsing e kholo ea ho ba le GPIU ho feta OGA.

Hoa thahasellisa hore thuto ea hajoale e senotse OGA e kholo ho feta tse peli ho banna ho feta basali. Leha ho le joalo, ho ne ho se na liphapang tse kholo tsa bong tse fumanoeng ho ata ha GPIU ho palo ena ea boithuto (). Liphuputso tsena li tšehelitsoe ke lithuto tse fetileng tse bonts'itseng phapang e kholo lipakeng tsa bong pakeng tsa GPIU le OGA. e tlalehile hore libapali tsa basali tsa libapali tsa video li na le 40% libapali tsohle, 'me basali ba fetang 18 ba ne ba le karolo e ngata ea batho ba bapalang papali ho feta banna ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 17. Leha ho le joalo, banna ba ka ba kotsing ea ho bapala haholo, haholo ho Massive Multiplayer Online Games (; ). Bakeng sa SPIU, makhoba a banna a ne a le monyetla oa ho bapala lipapali tsa inthanete, ho becha le thobalano (; ), ha basali ba lemalloang ba ne ba le monyetla oa ho ea mabenkeleng le ho etsa metsoalle inthaneteng (; ). Ho bapala inthaneteng ha se feela taba ea setso sa bacha, empa hape ke karolo ea bophelo ba bophelo ba koleche. Kahoo, ba batona le ba batšehali ba ka ba le maemo a fapaneng a tšusumetso le thabo ea ho bapala papali. Mohlala, libapali tsa banna li bontšitsoe li sekametse phihlelong ebile li ikemiselitse ho boloka likamano le libapali tse ling ho fapana le libapali tsa basali (; ). Ntle le moo, banna ba ne ba bapala lipapali tse mabifi le tse lemalloang, joalo ka lipapali tsa ntoa kapa tsa boithabiso (), ba ile ba ikutloa ba tšoenyehile haholo ha ba sa tsoele pele lipapaling, mme ba tsetela nako e ngata ho ba hlola. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, libapali tsa basali li tlalehile ho ikoetlisa haholo ho feta libapali tsa banna, 'me li bontšitse palo e tlase ea' mele (BMI) ho feta libapali tsa banna le basali ba Naha, ho fana ka maikutlo a hore libapali tsa basali li ne li phetse hantle ho feta libapali tsa banna le basali batho ka kakaretso. Ka likamano tsa lerato moo balekane ka bobeli ba bapalang, libapali tsa basali li tlalehile thabo e akaretsang ho feta banna ba bona (), e ka bonts'ang hore ba na le khopama e fokolang ea kelello e amanang le papali ea inthanete (). Phapang ea bong ho OGA e fana ka maikutlo a hore banna ba ka angoa habonolo ke papali ea papali ea inthanete le ho lemalla ho feta basali.

Mehloli e meholo ea khatello ea maikutlo har'a baithuti ba koleche e kenyelletsa likhatello tsa thuto, tsa batho ba bang le tse amanang le mosebetsi (). Liphetho tsa rona li bonts'itse hore batho ba lemaletseng papali ea inthanete ba sebelisitse li-ACS tse ngata (ho ipeha molato, ho iqapela, ho ikhula le ho beha mabaka) ho feta bao e seng makhoba ha ba tobane le ketsahalo e sithabetsang. Liphuputso tsena li tsamaellana le mosebetsi oa rona oa pejana o bonts'itseng hore makhoba a GPIU a tobane le liketsahalo tse sithabetsang bophelong mme a sebelisa li-ACS tse ngata ho feta bao e seng makhoba (), Ho fana ka maikutlo a hore khatello ea maikutlo le li-ACS e kanna ea ba lisosa tsa kotsi tse seng li ntse li le teng ho GPIU kapa OGA. Ho feta moo, haholoholo ho banna, lipalo ho li-ACS li hokahane hantle le lintlha tsa CCSQ le OGCAS. Tlhaloso e 'ngoe e ka bang teng ke hore batho ba sebelisang li-ACS ho fapana le ho rarolla mathata ba na le monyetla oa ho bapala lipapali tsa inthanete ho sebetsana le khatello ea maikutlo. Boitšepo le khotsofalo e ntlafalitsoeng e tsoang ho tsebo e ntle ea papali e ka sitisa libapali ho fokotsa papali ea bona ea inthanete (). Leha ho le joalo, ha batho ba bangata ba kenella papaling ea inthanete, liketsahalo tsa bophelo tse bakang khatello ea maikutlo li kanna tsa etsahala, mme li tla sebelisa li-ACS tse ngata, tse hlahisang maikutlo a matle. Ho khahlisang ke hore liphetho tsa rona li bonts'itse hape hore likamano lipakeng tsa liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo, li-ACS le OGA bakeng sa banna li ne li le matla haholo ho feta tsa basali. Phapang ena e kanna ea ba ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hlalosa phapang ea bong lipapaling tse sebelisoang marang-rang har'a baithuti ba koleche.

Liphetho tsa litlhahlobo tsa SEM li bontšitse hore li-ACS ka nepo le ka mokhoa o phethahetseng li sebetsana le litlamorao tsa liketsahalo tsa khatello ea bophelo ho OGA. Kaha ho sebetsana le mathata hampe e ne e le mokena-lipakeng pakeng tsa khatello ea maikutlo (mohlala, khatello ea lelapa, khatello ea maikutlo bongoaneng, le mathata a letsatsi le letsatsi) le sephetho sa eona sa kelello le boits'oaro se kenyeletsang khatello ea maikutlo, PTSD le bokhoba ba inthanete (; ), ha ho makatse hore re fumane hore OGA e anngoe ke liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo ka kotloloho ka li-ACS (mohlala, ho ipeha molato, litoro, ho tlohela kapa ho beha mabaka) ho fapana le liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo ka kotloloho.

Ho feta moo, khatello ea maikutlo le ts'ebelisano 'moho e bonts'ang hore neuroticism e lekola ka kotlolloho litlamorao tsa liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo ho OGA, e le hore ho batho ba tsitsitseng maikutlong keketseho ea liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo e amana ho sa hlokahale le keketseho ea OGA, athe ho batho ba phahameng ho neuroticism e amana le keketseho ea OGA.

Ho khahlisang ke hore boholo ba tšebelisano-'moho ea ACS bo ne bo ipapisitse le neuroticism, ho fana ka maikutlo a hore batho ba nang le taolo ea tšusumetso le mathata a ho se tsitse ha maikutlo ba na le monyetla oa ho sebelisa li-ACS mme ba angoa habonolo ke OGA ha ba tobana le khatello ea maikutlo. Boithuto ba pejana bo bonts'itse hore neuroticism e amana hantle le ho lemalla inthanete, e fana ka maikutlo a hore batho ba nang le mathata a ho hloka botsitso maikutlong ba ka angoa habonolo ke ts'ebeliso e thata ea Marang-rang (). Basali ba nang le methapo e mengata ba tlalehiloe ba sebelisa li-network tsa marang-rang tse nang le makhetlo a phahameng, mohlomong ho fokotsa bolutu sechabeng (). Ntle le moo, batho ba nang le methapo ea kutlo ba ka fumana litšebelisano-'moho e le tse putsang haholo marang-rang ho feta bophelong ba nnete haeba ba ka ba le mathata litšebelisanong tsa 'nete tsa sechaba (). Kahoo, batho ba nang le methapo ea kutlo ba ka ba le monyetla oa ho qeta nako ba bapala lipapali tsa inthanete, ba bile ba fetoha libapali tse qobelloang, mme ba kanna ba ba le monyetla oa ho khaotsa ha ba khaotsa ho bapala ().

Meeli

Boithuto ba hajoale bo ne bo na le meeli e mengata. Taba ea mantlha, sebopeho sa sefapano, sebopeho sa khokahano ha se lumelle hore ho etsoe liqeto mabapi le likamano tsa lisosa pakeng tsa khatello ea maikutlo, li-ACS le neuroticism ho OGA. Nakong e tlang, ho tla hlokahala thuto ea nako e telele le lipuisano ka bomong ho hlakisa tšusumetso ea khatello ea maikutlo ho OGA har'a baithuti ba koleche. Taba ea bobeli, leha ho na le phapano e ts'oanang libakeng tseo baithuti ba tsoang ho tsona, maemo a maholo le a setso liunivesithing tse tharo, phello ea sehlopha sa yunivesithi e lokela ho tsotelloa. Taba ea boraro, sampole ena e ne e batla e le nyane ebile e sa emele ka botlalo baithuti ba koleche ea China. Ka hona, kakaretso ea eona e na le moeli. Mohlala o moholo oa baemeli o lokela ho ithutoa ho netefatsa sephetho sa hona joale.

fihlela qeto e

Liphetho tsa hajoale li bonts'itse hore neuroticism e sebetsa e le mookameli, e sebetsanang le sebapali se matla ka ho fetesisa, li-ACS, ho susumetsa OGA. Tšebelisano e hlokometsoeng ea ACS × neuroticism ho OGA e na le kamano e hlakileng ea kliniki. Ha ho bapisoa le taolo e phetseng hantle, batho ba methapo ea kutlo ba bonahala ba thatafalloa ke ho sebetsana le khatello ea maikutlo, ho lebisa ho litletlebo tse ngata, lihlong le litloaelo tsa ho etsa liqeto tse qobang, tse sa sebetseng tsa ho sebetsana le mathata, ho fapana le ho rarolla mathata (). Ho tsoa liphethong tsena, hoa utloahala ho nahana hore li-neurotic tse sebelisang lipapali tsa inthanete e le mokhoa oa ho baleha mathata a bona a bophelo li ka angoa habonolo ke OGA. Mananeo a ho kenella nakong e tlang a lokela ho nahanela mekhoa ea ts'oaetso, haholo-holo ea batho ba nang le methapo ea kutlo, 'me a sebelise koetliso ea leano la ho sebetsana le boemo bona.

Menehelo ea Mongoli

HL: Moralo oa lipatlisiso, tlhahlobo ea data le boitokiso ba letsoho. JW: Mohlala le pokello ea lintlha. XY: Mohlala. YZ: Tlhatlhobo ea data.

Tlhōlisano ea Tlhaloso

Bangoli ba bolela hore lipatlisiso li ne li etsoa ka ho se be le likamano leha e le life tsa khoebo kapa tsa lichelete tse ka nkoang e le khohlano e ka 'nang ea e-ba le thahasello.

Mongolo o botlaaseng ba leqephe

Lithuso. Phuputso ena e ne e tšehelitsoe ke thuso ea lipatlisiso e tsoang ho Chelete ea Motheo ea Lipatlisiso Univesithing ea Renmin ea Chaena ho tloha Mmusong o Bohareng oa China (15XNB031) ho ea HL. Liteboho tse tlohang botebong ba pelo li fuoa bohle ba nkang karolo thutong.

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