Liketsahalo tse amanang le ketsahalo ketsahalong e 'meli ea oddball ea boits'oaro bo fosahetseng ba boits'oaro har'a banna ba nang le tloaelo ea ho lemalla ho ts'oaroa ka cybersex (2020)

Wang, J., & Dai, B. (2020).
Tlaleho ea Bokhoba ba Boitšoaro J Behav Addict,

inahaneloang

Ka morao le sepheo

Taolo ea boits'oaro bo sa sebetseng ea boits'oaro (BIC) e tsejoa e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa boits'oarong ba lithethefatsi. Leha ho le joalo, lipatlisiso ha lia tsebahala mabapi le hore na ho joalo le ka bokhoba ba ts'oaetso ea cybersex. Phuputso ena e ne e ikemiselitse ho etsa lipatlisiso ka nako ea BIC ho banna ba nang le tloaelo ea ho lemalla ho ts'oaroa ha cybersex (TCA) ba sebelisa menyetla e amanang le ketsahalo (ERPs) le ho fana ka bopaki ba neurophysiological ba BIC ea bona e haelloang.

mekhoa

Batho ba mashome a mararo a metso e tšeletseng ba nang le taolo ea bophelo bo botle ea TCA le 36 (HCs) ba fuoe mosebetsi oa li-Two-Choice Oddball o neng o ba hloka hore ba arabe ka mokhoa o fapaneng le litšusumetso tse tloaelehileng khafetsa (litšoantšo tsa batho) le lits'oants'o tse sa tloaelehang (litšoantšo tsa bootsoa) nakong ea 1,000 ms. Electroencephalography (EEG) e tlalehiloe ha bankakarolo ba etsa mosebetsi.

Results

Leha e ts'oana le tšusumetso e tloaelehileng lipakeng tsa lihlopha ho latela linako tsa karabelo (RTs), li-RTs tsa sehlopha sa TCA ho litšitiso tse khelohileng li ne li le butle haholo ho feta tsa sehlopha sa HC. Phapang ea boits'oaro e ne e tsamaea le liphapang tsa sehlopha ho li-amplitudes tse tloaelehileng tsa N2 (200-300 ms) le likarolo tsa P3 (300-500 ms) ho leqhubu la phapang le tloaelehileng. Haholo-holo, ha e bapisoa le sehlopha sa HC, sehlopha sa TCA se bonts'itse phapang e nyane ea N2 le P3 ea bophahamo bo khelohileng ho feta maemo a tloaelehileng.

Puisano le liqeto

Batho ba nang le TCA ba ne ba e-na le tšekamelo e fetang ea barupeluoa ba HC mme ba arolelana litšobotsi tsa neuropsychological le ERP tsa ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi kapa litloaelo tsa boits'oaro, tse tšehetsang maikutlo a hore bokhoba ba cybersex bo ka nkuoa e le bokhoba ba boitšoaro.

Selelekela

Bokhoba ba cybersex

Bokhoba ba marang-rang bo fumane tlhokomelo e ntseng e eketseha lefatšeng ka bophara lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng (Sussman, Harper, Stahl, & Weigle, 2018). Bafuputsi ba bangata ba lumela hore phapang e lokela ho etsoa lipakeng tsa bokhoba ba inthanete le lithethefatsi tse itseng tsa inthanete (mohlala, Moetso, Mocha, Laier, Wölfling, & Potenza, 2016; Davis, 2001). Haholo-holo, bokhoba ba ts'ebeliso ea inthanete hangata bo nkuoa e le mofuta o itseng oa tahi ea inthanete (mohlala, Moetso, Mocha, & Laier, 2014; de Alarcón, la Iglesia, Casado le Montejo, 2019). Ka nts'etsopele ea Marang-rang, phumaneho ea lisebelisoa tsa bootsoa e eketsehile haholo. Phuputso e bonts'a hore har'a mefuta eohle ea mesebetsi ea inthanete, ho shebella litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ho ka ba kotsi haholo (Meerkerk, Eijnden, & Garretsen, 2006).

Ho bile le ngangisano e telele mabapi le hore na bokhoba ba cybersex bo lokela ho hlalosoa e le bokhoba ba boitšoaro (mohlala, de Alarcón et al., 2019). Leha ho le joalo, ho na le bopaki bo ntseng bo eketseha mabapi le ho tšoana pakeng tsa ho lemalla ho sebelisa cybersex le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi kapa tse ling tsa boitšoaro (Kowalewska et al., 2018; Stark, Klucken, Potenza, Brand, & Strahler, 2018). Liphuputso tsa pejana li senotse kamano e teng lipakeng tsa ho lemalla ho ts'oaroa ka marang-rang le ho ts'oaroa hape ka takatso le takatso ea (Laier, Pawlikowski, Pekal, Schulte, & Brand, 2013; Brand et al., 2011); mekhoa e joalo e boetse e baka nts'etsopele le tlhokomelo ea bothata ba ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi (Drummond, 2001; Tiffany le Wray, 2012). Mehopolo ea ho lakatsa ho etsa lintho tse mpe e tsoa lithutong tsa ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi 'me e sebelisitsoe lipatlisisong mabapi le ts'ebeliso e mpe ea inthanete (mohlala, Potenza, 2008). Mohlala, lithuto tse ling li hlahlobile likamano tse pakeng tsa takatso le ho ts'oaroa ha batho ba nang le ts'ebeliso e mpe ea inthanete mme ba fumane hore ventral striatum e kentse letsoho ho lakatseng liphihlelo ha ba tobane le mekhoa e amanang le tahi (Kober et al., 2016; Miedl, Büchel, & Peters, 2014). Patlisiso ka bafo ba nang le boits'oaro ba bosodoma kapa ba nang le ts'oaetso ea cybersex e boetse e fana ka liphetho tse lumellanang (Moetso, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016; Voon et al., 2014). Ho feta moo, Laier le Brand (2014) e hlahisitse mofuta o tataisoang ke ho lemalla ho ts'oaroa ka thobalano. Moetso o nka ho tšoana lipakeng tsa bokhoba ba ts'ebeliso ea thobalano le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ka ho hatisa karolo ea ts'ehetso e ntle le e mpe. Batho ba ka sebelisa cybersex ho fihlela khotsofalo le ho fokotsa maikutlo a mabe a maikutlo (Laier & Brand, 2014). Mekhoa e joalo ea lithuso e amohetsoe ka bongata mathateng a mang a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi le mefuta ea tahi, moo litšila (tse amanang le ho khaotsa le mamello) le litšepiso tse nepahetseng (tse batlang le tse ratoang) li emela lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa tse susumetsang (Robinson le Berridge, 2008).

Ho se tsitsisehe

Ho ea ka likhopolo tsa bokhoba ba tahi, taolo e fokolang ea boits'oaro bo itseng ho lemalleng boits'oaro le ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi e kanna ea amana le pherekano lipakeng tsa litsamaiso tse sa tsitsang le tse bonts'ang (Brand et al., 2019; Dong & Potenza, 2014; Wiers et al., 2007; Zilverstand le Goldstein, 2020). Mohlala, ho etsoa tlhahiso ea hore ho Sebopeho sa Motho-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) ea mohlala (Brand et al., 2019), Phokotso lipakeng tsa litsamaiso tsa methapo bakeng sa boits'oaro ba pele ba ho lemalla e amana haholo le sistimi e sa tsitsang ea khatello. Ho feta moo, mekhoa ea ts'ebeliso ea kelello le tšekamelo, ho lakatsa le ho ts'oaroa hape, le khothatso ea ts'usumetso li amana le ho hloka botsitso ho joalo, ho matlafatsoang ka bobeli nakong ea ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi (Brand et al., 2019). Bakeng sa boits'oaro ba morao-rao, ho ka etsahala hore sistimi e bonts'ang e lahleheloe ke taolo ea ts'ebetso e sa khaotseng, 'me boits'oaro bo itseng bo ka fetoha tloaelo, leha boits'oaro bo joalo bo baka litlamorao tse mpe (Brand et al., 2019). Liphuputso tsa Neuroimaging li fana ka maikutlo a hore lihlooho tse nang le bothata ba boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate kapa ho lemalla ho ts'oaroa ha batho ka thobalano li phahamisitse mesebetsi ho dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (karolo e le 'ngoe ea sistimi e bonts'ang) le ventral striatum (karolo e le' ngoe ea ts'ebetso e potlakileng) tabeng ea cue reactivity (Brand et al., 2016; Gola et al., 2017; Seok & Sohn, 2015). Tsamaiso e bonts'ang ea hyperactivity e khothalletsoa hore e be boiteko bo eketsehileng bo hlokoang ke bafo ho boloka taolo ea liteko, tse hlohlelletsoang haholo-holo ka sistimi e sa tsitsang. Ka hona, ts'ebetso e fetotsoeng ea boko le sebopeho se amanang le ho se ts'oenyehe li bonts'a karolo e ka bang teng ea ho se ts'oenyehe molemong oa ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ea cybersex.

Ts'oaetso e amohetsoe e le mohopolo o rarahaneng oa likarolo tse ngata o kopanyang likarolo tsa tlhaho, boits'oaro le botho. Litekanyo tse fapaneng tsa ho hloka maikutlo li ka hlahlojoa ka mehato ea ho nahana, boits'oaro le ho itlaleha ka tatellano. Mabapi le boemo ba boits'oaro, ho se ts'oanehe ho sebelisoa ho hlalosa boits'oaro bo fosahetseng, ho kenyeletsoa khaello ea taolo ea boits'oaro ba boits'oaro (BIC), ke hore, bokhoni ba ho hatella boits'oaro ha maemo a tikoloho a batla sena (Groman, James, & Jentsch, 2009). Mabapi le boits'oaro bo potlakileng, joalo ka bothata ba ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi, BIC e fokolang e etsa hore ho be thata le ho feta ho hanela ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi le boits'oaro ba boits'oaro ho sa tsotelehe litlamorao tse mpe (Spechler et al., 2016). Bakeng sa boholo ba likokoana-hloko, lithuto li entsoe ho hlahloba ts'ebetso ea boko e amanang le BIC e fokotsehileng. Ka tloaelo, litekanyo tse amanang le liketsahalo (ERPs) hangata li amoheloa ho lekanya ts'ebetso e joalo.

Ho khothalelitsoe likarolo tse peli tsa ERP lipatlisisong tsa pejana ho bonts'a ts'ebetso ea kelello e amanang le BIC: E 'ngoe ke N2, e leng karolo e mpe ka ho fetesisa ea hlooho ea hlooho e bohareng ha tšusumetso e nka hoo e ka bang 200 ms. E emela mochini o holimo-limo, o thibelang tšekamelo e fosahetseng ea karabelo ka boiketsetso mme o sebetsa mohatong oa ts'ebetso pele ho ts'ebetso ea makoloi (Falkenstein, 2006). Boithuto bo bong bo bontšitse hape hore N2 e tsamaellana le ho sibolla likhohlano qalong ea thibelo (Donkers & Van Boxtel, 2004; Falkenstein, 2006; Nieuwenhuis, Yeung, Van Den Wildenberg, & Ridderinkhof, 2003). Ka hona, N2 e khetholloa e le sesupo sa ts'ebetso ea ts'oaetso qalong, e hlokahalang bakeng sa ts'ebetsong ea BIC, empa e seng braking ea 'nete e thibelang. Karolo ea bobeli ea ERP ke P3, e emelang karolo e kholohali e ntle kahare ho parietal scalp ha tšisinyo e nka hoo e ka bang 300-500 ms. P3 hangata e tsejoa e le ponahalo ea electrophysiological ea BIC e latelang e amanang ka thata le ts'ireletso ea 'nete ea sistimi ea motlakase kahare ho preotor cortexDonkers & Van Boxtel, 2004; Nieuwenhuis, Aston-Jones, & Cohen, 2005). Ka kakaretso, lithuto tse ngata li bonts'a hore N2 le P3 li supa lits'ebetso tse amanang le BIC tse nang le mesebetsi e fapaneng. Ka hona, li-amplitude tse tlase tsa N2 kapa P3 har'a batho ba lemaletseng ho bapisoa le taolo e ka sebetsa e le matšoao a ho bolela likhaello tsa neural maemong a BIC.

Liphuputso tse fetileng tse mabapi le BIC hangata li sebelisa paradigms tsa mehleng ea khale joalo ka Go / NoGo, Stop-Signal, le Oddball ea Likhetho tse peli. Ho paradigm ea Stop-Signal, barupeluoa ba hloka ho emisa karabo ea bona ha ba bona lets'oao la ho emisa. Ho boloka sekhahla se phahameng sa thibelo e atlehileng, ba tlameha ho ela hloko haholo lets'oao la ho emisa ebe ba le emela ka hloko. Ka lebaka leo, tekanyo ea nako ea karabelo (RT) ho Go stimuli e kanna ea nepahala (Verbruggen & Logan, 2008). Ho paradigm ea Go / NoGo, bankakarolo ba tlameha ho etsa konopo ea konopo ho tobetsa mofuta oa mofuta o le mong (Go stimuli) mme ba hane karabelo eo ho susumetso ea mofuta o mong (NoGo stimuli). Leha ho le joalo, hobane liteko tsa Go li hloka likarabo tsa makoloi le liteko tsa NoGo ha li joalo, litlamorao tsa BIC tse hlokometsoeng li kanna tsa silafatsoa ke lits'ebetso tse amanang le likarabo (Kok, 1988). Bakeng sa sena, lipatlisiso li amohela paradigm ea Likhetho tse peli. Lithutong tse fetileng, paradigm ena e sebelisitsoe ka katleho ho lekola BIC e amanang le mathata a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi (mohlala, Su et al., 2017Zhao, Liu, & Maes, 2017).

Mosebetsing ona, ba arabelitsoeng ba kopuoa ho sebetsana le tšusumetso e tloaelehileng khafetsa le tšusumetso e sa tloaelehang e khelohileng. Ka lebaka lena, litšitiso tse khelohileng li kenyelletsa ho fumanoa ha likhohlano tsa karabelo, khatello ea likarabo tsa pele ho nako, le khetho ea mekhoa e meng. Ka lebaka leo, li-RTs ho litšitiso tse khelohileng hangata li telele ho feta tse maemong a tloaelehileng. Ha e bapisoa le mosebetsi oa khale oa Go / NoGo, mosebetsi ona o fokotsa tšusumetso e ka bang teng ea ts'ilafalo e ka bang teng ho BIC mme o fana ka sesupo sa RT se eketsehileng bakeng sa BIC. Ho boleloa hore mosebetsi o joalo o ka eketsa matla a tikoloho ha o bapisoa le mosebetsi oa Go / NoGo. Ho thibela boits'oaro bo ikhethileng bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi hangata ho tsamaea le ho kenya boits'oaro bo bong ka boits'oaro bo bong bo lebelletsoeng (joalo ka ho hatella tloaelo ea ho shebella litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro le ho e nkela boithabiso bo bong) Sena se ngolisitsoe ho mosebetsi oa Oddball ea Likhetho tse peli, ho fapana le mosebetsi o tloaelehileng oa Go / NoGo.

Ho se tsotelle ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka cybersex

Liphuputso tsa morao-rao tse sebelisang mehato ea ho itlaleha li fumane boits'oaro hore bo tsamaisane hantle le matšoao a phahameng a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ea cybersex (Antons & Brand, 2018; Antons et al., 2019). Leha ho le joalo, liphuputso tse hlahlobang BIC maemong a bokhoba ba ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang ea cybersex li sebelisa Stop-Signal Task li fane ka litholoana tse fapaneng. Antons le Brand (2018) e fumane hore ho ba matla ha matšoao a ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka litaba tsa marang-rang ho amana le tšobotsi e phahameng ea tšebelisano le ts'ebeliso e mpe ea liketso. Leha ho le joalo, phuputso e 'ngoe e fumane hore batho ba nang le matšoao a mangata a ho lemalla ho ts'oaroa ka thobalano ba bonts'itse ts'ebetso e ntle ea BIC (Antons le Matthias, 2020).

Ha ho phuputso e teng e seng e hlahlobile likamano tsa elektroniki lipakeng tsa BIC le bokhoba ba cybersex, leha litekanyo tsa ERP li amohetsoe ka lilemo ho lekola bothata ba ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi (Campanella, Pogarell, & Boutros, 2014; Littel, Euser, Munafo, & Franken, 2012) le mefuta e fapaneng ea bokhoba ba boitšoaro (Luijten et al., 2014). ERP e fumanoe e le mokhoa o amohelehang oa ho khetholla likamano tsa neural tsa mathata a lemalloang, mme e sebelisitsoe haholo litekong le ts'ebetsong ea bongaka (Campanella, Schroder, Kajosch, Noel, & Kornreich, 2019).

Hajoale, ke mathata a papali ea chelete feela le a lipapali a kenyellelitsoeng litsamaisong tse ka sehloohong tsa mabitso bakeng sa mathata a kelello (ke hore, DSM-5 le ICD-11). Ho lemalloa ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka cybersex ho hlahisitsoe e le mofuta oa boitšoaro bo hlephileng bo nang le likarolo tse ts'oanang tsa neurobiological le neurocognitive joalo ka mathata a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi (Kowalewska et al., 2018; Stark et al., 2018). Ho hlokahala lipatlisiso tse ling tse matla ho fumana hore na bokhoba ba cybersex bo bonts'a ho tšoana kapa liphapang le mekhoa e meng e lemalloang. Ho bohlokoa haholo ho tseba metheo ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea thobalano inthaneteng ho utloisisa boits'oaro hantle, mme ho ka ba molemo haholo ho khetholla lihlooho tse kotsing le ho nts'etsapele mehato e ikemetseng. Ho feta moo, e thusa lipuisano tse tsoelang pele ka papiso le mefuta e meng ea mathata a lemalloang.

Boithuto ba hona joale

Phuputso ena e ne e ikemiselitse ho lekola litlamorao tsa ts'ebetso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ho BIC. BIC e ile ea batlisisoa ho batho ba nang le tloaelo ea ho lemalla ho ts'oaroa ha cybersex (TCA) le taolo e nepahetseng (HCs) ba sebelisa mosebetsi oa Likhetho tse peli tsa Oddball. Li-ERP li ile tsa lekanyetsoa ho arabela lits'oants'o tse tloaelehileng khafetsa (litšoantšo tsa batho) le lithahasello tse sa tloaelehang khafetsa (litšoantšo tsa bootsoa). Ho ipapisitse le lipatlisiso tse teng tsa ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi le ho lemalla boitšoaro, re ile ra nahana hore bokhoba ba ts'ebeliso ea inthanete bo amahanngoa le BIC e holofetseng. Haholo-holo, re ne re nahana hore (1) batho ba nang le TCA ba tla bontša ho nepahala ho fokolang haholo le li-RTs tse telele ho arabela litšoantšo tse fosahetseng tse amanang le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ha li bapisoa le HC, le (2) batho ba nang le TCA ba tla bonts'a litlamorao tsa ERP (N2 le P3 likarolo) ha li bapisoa le HC.

mekhoa

barupeluoa ba

Re ile ra bokella lipotso tsa 303 tse tsoang ho baithuti ba banna ba koleche ho netefatsa lintlha tsa bona ho Bothata ba Marangrang a Marang-rang a Sebelisa Scale (PIPUS; Chen, Wang, Chen, Jiang, & Wang, 2018). Basali ba ile ba qheleloa ka thoko patlisisong, hobane banna ba kopana habonolo le mathata a joalo ka lebaka la ho kopana khafetsa le lisebelisoa tsa bootsoa (Ross, Månsson, & Daneback, 2012). Kaha bokhoba ba cybersex ha se tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoeng, ha ho na meeli e ka sebelisoang ho supa ka nepo basebelisi ba litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tsa inthanete. Ka hona, ba arabelitsoeng bao lintlha tsa bona li neng li le liperesente tsa 20 tse holimo li ile tsa aroloa sehlopheng sa TCA, ha bao bao lintlha tsa bona li oeleng ka tlase ho li-percentile tsa 20 ba ileng ba beoa sehlopheng sa HC. Ho latela moelelo oa karolelano, barupeluoa ba 36 ba nang le TCA le 36 HC ba ile ba mengoa ho nka karolo ka boithatelo thutong ea motlakase. Barupeluoa ba babeli ba ile ba qheleloa ka thoko ka lebaka la mesebetsi e fetelletseng ea motsamao oa mahlo. Barupeluoa bohle ba ne ba le bong bo fapaneng, ba le letona, ba ne ba e-na le pono e tloaelehileng kapa e nepahetseng, ba se na nalane ea bokuli ba kelello, hape ba se na nalane ea bongaka ea methapo ea kutlo (bona Lethathamo 1).

Tafole 1.Litšobotsi tsa bankakarolo ba lihlopha tsa TCA le HC

Mefuta-futa (e bolela ± SD)TCA (n = 36)HC (n = 34)t
Lilemo (lilemo)19.7519.76-0.05
Makhetlo a beke le beke a ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa a3.92 ± 1.541.09 ± 0.879.55***
Khafetsa beke le beke ho ipholla litho tsa botona kapa botšehali a2.81 ± 1.221.12 ± 0.916.54***
Palo ea PIPUS19.78 ± 6.401.65 ± 1.2816.65***
Lintlha tsa SDS28.00 ± 2.6226.62 ± 3.361.93
Lintlha tsa SAS27.56 ± 3.1226.29 ± 3.901.50
Lintlha tsa BIS-1158.81 ± 9.3755.03 ± 11.351.52

Likhaloso: BIS-11, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11; HC, taolo e phetseng hantle; PIPUS, Bothata ba Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa Inthaneteng Sebelisa Tekanyo; SAS, Boemo ba ho Tšoenyeha ka Boithati; SDS, Boemo ba khatello ea maikutlo ba Boithati; TCA, litloaelo tsa ho lemalla lithethefatsi tsa inthanete.

***P <0.001.

aNakong ea likhoeli tse 6 tse fetileng.

Lisebelisoa tsa metha le ts'ebetso

Ho lekola TCA, ho sebelisitsoe mofuta oa PIPUS oa China. PIPUS ke sekala se itlalehang se ntlafalitsoeng se ipapisitse le Bothata ba Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa Sebelisa Tekanyo (Kor et al., 2014). Sekala se na le lintho tse 12 tse arotsoeng ka likarolo tse 'ne: (a) mathata le mathata a ts'ebetsong, (b) ts'ebeliso e fetelletseng, (c) mathata a ho ithiba, le (d) ho sebelisa ho baleha kapa ho qoba maikutlo a mabe. Mona, re ile ra emisetsa "litšoantšo tsa bootsoa" ka "litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tsa inthanete" Barupeluoa ba ile ba botsoa hore ba tlalehe ts'ebeliso ea bona ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa inthaneteng likhoeling tse tšeletseng tse fetileng ba sebelisa sekala sa Likert sa lintlha tse 6, moo 0 e bolelang "ha ho mohla" mme 5 e bolela "ka linako tsohle"; ha lipalo li phahama, PIPU e matla le ho feta. Sekala se na le ts'epahalo e ntle le ho nepahala har'a baithuti ba koleche ba China (Chen le al., 2018). Cronbach's α phuputsong ena e ne e le 0.93.

Barupeluoa ba ile ba phethela PIPUS pele. Ho latela litekanyetso tse boletsoeng kaholimo, sampole ea batho ba nang le karolo ea TCA le HC ba ile ba mengoa ho nka karolo mohatong oa bobeli oa teko. Ba entse mosebetsi oa Oddball ea Choice-Choice tse peli ha Electroencephalography (EEG) e tlalehiloe. Ho lekola boits'oaro le tšoaetso ea mafu a kelello, bankakarolo ba phethetse Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11; Patton, Stanford, & Barratt, 1995), Boemo ba ho Tepella Maikutlo ba Boithaopo (SDS; Zung, Richards, & Short, 1965), le Boemo ba ho Tšoenyeha ba Boithati (SAS; Zung, ka 1971). Ho feta moo, tlhaiso-leseling ea sechaba le tlhaiso-leseling ea mantlha e amanang le ts'ebeliso ea cybersex (khafetsa ea ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le ho ipholla litho tsa botona kapa botšehali) li ile tsa hlahlojoa. Kamora nako, bankakarolo ba ile ba hlakoloa 'me ba fumana tefo ea RMB 100. Teko eohle e nkile metsotso e ka bang 80.

Mosebetsi o susumetsang le oa liteko

Tekolo ea bokhoni ba BIC e entsoe ho sebelisoa paradigm ea Likhetho tse peli. Mefuta e 'meli ea litlamorao e ne e le teng: lits'oants'o tse tloaelehileng (litšoantšo tsa batho) le litlhahiso tse khelohileng (litšoantšo tsa bootsoa). Litšoantšo tsa bootsoa li ne li bokelloa libakeng tsa mahala tsa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa; li kenyelelitse disete tsa litšoantšo tse 40 tse nang le mekhahlelo e mene e fapaneng e fapaneng ea thobalano (botšehali, botona ba ka morao, cunnilingus le fellatio). Sehlopha ka seng se na le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tse 10. Litšoantšo tsa motho, tse fumanoeng liwebosaeteng, li kenyelelitse litšoantšo tsa 40 tsa monna le mosali ba otlang kapa ba mathang. Li ne li lekana le palo le thobalano ea batho ka bomong litšoantšong tsa bootsoa. Litšoantšo tsena li lekantsoe phuputsong ea mofofisi ka litekanyo tsa valence, tsoho le ho tsosa takatso ea thobalano (bona Lisebelisoa tsa tlatsetso). Ha ho phapang e kholo e fumanoeng mabapi le litekanyetso tsa valence. Leha ho le joalo, litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro li ile tsa tsosa takatso e phahameng ea thobalano ho feta litšoantšo tsa motho. Ho pata sepheo sa nnete sa teko, litšoantšo tsena li bontšitsoe ba arabelitsoeng ka liforeimi tse mebala, tse nang le foreimi e khubelu ea litšoantšo tsa batho le foreimi e putsoa ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Barupeluoa ba laetsoe ho ahlola 'mala oa liforeimi kapele le ka nepo ka ho tobetsa linotlolo tse fapaneng.

Mosebetsi ona o ne o e-na le litene tse 'ne tsa liteko tse 100. Sebaka se seng le se seng se ne se hlahisa lits'oants'o tse 70 tse tloaelehileng le tse 30 tse khelohileng. Barupeluoa ba ile ba kopuoa ho lula ka pela leihlo, hoo e ka bang lisenthimithara tse 150 hole le skrine, ka lehlakore le shebileng le le emeng le shebileng le ka tlase ho 6 °. Barupeluoa ba bile le khefutso ea metsotso e 'meli lebokoseng ka leng; ba boetse ba fumane karolelano ea sekhahla sa ho nepahala ho lekola ts'ebetso ea bona qetellong ea "block" e ngoe le e ngoe. Litšusumetso li ile tsa hlahisoa ho sebelisoa E-prime 2.0 (Psychology Software Tools). Teko ka 'ngoe e qalile ka sefapano se senyenyane se tšoeu bakeng sa 300 ms. Kamora moo, skrine e se nang letho e nang le bolelele ba 500-1,000 ms e hlahile, e lateloe ke ho qala hoa ts'usumetso ea setšoantšo. Ha setšoantšo se tloaelehileng se hlaha, bankakarolo ba ne ba hloka ho tobetsa kapele le ka nepo konopo ea "F" lebokoseng ka monoana oa bona oa letsoho le letšehali, mme ha setšoantšo sa ho kheloha se hlaha, ba hloka ho tobetsa konopo ea "J" ka monoana oa bona oa letsoho le letona ( Linotlolo tsa line li ne li leka-lekane lipakeng tsa bankakarolo). Setšoantšo sa tšusumetso se nyametse kamora ho tobetsa konopo kapa ha se feta ka 1,000 ms. Karabo e ngoe le e ngoe e ne e lateloa ke skrini se se nang letho se nang le bolelele ba 1,000 ms. Ho latellana ha tšusumetso e tloaelehileng le e khelohileng e ne e entsoe ka mokhoa o ikhethileng. Ka kopo sheba ho Feie. 1 bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng tsa liteko.

Setšoantšo sa 1.
Setšoantšo sa 1.

Papiso ea leano la ts'ebetso ea liteko le mehlala e susumetsang. Teko ka 'ngoe e ile ea hlahisa tšusumetso e le' ngoe. Ka setlhopha sa thuto, lits'oants'o tse tloaelehileng (litšoantšo tsa motho) li hlahisitsoe ho liteko tsa 70%, ha lits'oants'o tse khelohileng (litšoantšo tsa bootsoa) li hlahisitsoe ho liteko tsa 30%

Tlhaloso: Leqephe la Lithethefatsi tsa Boitšoaro JBA 9, 3; 10.1556/2006.2020.00059

Setšoantšo sa 2.
Setšoantšo sa 2.

Kakaretso ea li-ERP bakeng sa lihlopha tsa TCA le HC nakong ea maemo a tloaelehileng le a khelohileng libakeng tsa Fz, Cz, le Pz

Tlhaloso: Leqephe la Lithethefatsi tsa Boitšoaro JBA 9, 3; 10.1556/2006.2020.00059

Ho rekota le tlhahlobo ea Electrophysiological

Ho ile ha sebelisoa li-electrode tsa Tin tse koahelang sekoaelo se reketang ho rekota mesebetsi ea motlakase oa bokong libakeng tsa 32 tsa hlooho (Lihlahisoa tsa Brain, Jeremane). Electrode FCz e ne e sebelisoa e le litšupiso tsa inthaneteng, 'me motlakase oa AFz o ne o sebelisoa e le eleketrode ea fatše. Vertical electrooculogram (VEOG) e tlalehiloe ke eleketrode e behiloeng tlasa leihlo le letona, ha electrooculogram e tshekaletseng (HEOG) e tlalehiloe ke eleketrode e behiloeng 1 cm kantle ho leihlo le letšehali. Khanyetso ea li-electrode tsohle e ne e le ka tlase ho 5 kΩ. EEG le EOG li ile tsa ntlafatsoa ka li-bandpass tsa DC ∼100 Hz mme tsa fetoloa ho 500 Hz / kanale. Lintlha tsa EEG li ile tsa hlahlojoa kantle ho naha ho sebelisoa Brain Vision Analyzer 2.0. Taba ea mantlha, re seta bocha moelelo oa bophahamo ba bolelele ba `` mastoid '' ba linaha tse peli. Ka nako eo, bandpass ea 0.01-30 Hz le attenuation ea 24 dB li sebelisitsoe ho sefa. Lintho tsa khale tsa EOG li ile tsa tlosoa ka tšebeliso ea likarolo tse ikemetseng.

EEG e ileng ea arabela ka nepo tlasa boemo bo bong le bo bong e ne e phahamisitsoe ebile e le karolelano. Foromo ea leqhubu la ERP e notletsoe qalong ea ts'usumetso, ka nako e tloaelehileng ea 1,000 ms, ho kenyeletsoa motheo oa 200 ms pele ho ts'usumetso. Ho tsoa mefuteng e meholo ea maqhubu a ERP ho Lifeiga. 3 le 4, ho ka bonoa hore phapang ea matlakala tlasa maemo a tloaelehileng le a khelohileng a qalile hoo e ka bang 200 ms. Liphapang tsena li ile tsa bonahatsoa e le N2 (200-300 ms) karolong e ka pele ea hlooho ea hlooho le P3 (300-500 ms) karolong e bohareng ea parietal scalp ka leqhubu la phapang le tloaelehileng. Ka hona, phuputso ena e hlahlobile li-amplitudes le maqhubu a karolelano ea likarolo tsa N2 le P3 libakeng tse robong tsa eleketrode, e leng, F3, Fz, F4 (libaka tse tharo tse ka pele), C3, Cz, C4 (libaka tse tharo tse bohareng), P3, Pz, le P4 (libaka tse tharo tsa parietal).

Setšoantšo sa 3.
Setšoantšo sa 3.

(A, B, C) Phapang e tloaelehileng e khelohileng e fapaneng ea phapang ea li-ERP lihlopheng tsa TCA le HC libakeng tsa scalp midline electrode (Fz, Cz, le Pz). (D) Limmapa tsa topographical tsa phapang ea amplitudes lipakeng tsa maemo a khelohileng le a tloaelehileng (ka mose ho 200-500 ms) ho TCA (ka ho le letšehali) le lihlopha tsa HC (ka ho le letona). (E) Li-amplitudes tse bolelang tsa N2 le P3 maemong a maemo le a khelohileng bakeng sa lihlopha tsa TCA le HC. Mekoallo ea liphoso e emela phoso e le 'ngoe e tloaelehileng

Tlhaloso: Leqephe la Lithethefatsi tsa Boitšoaro JBA 9, 3; 10.1556/2006.2020.00059

Setšoantšo sa 4.
Setšoantšo sa 4.

Li-RTs tsa lihlopha tsa TCA le HC bakeng sa tšusumetso e tloaelehileng le e khelohileng. Mekoallo ea liphoso e emela phoso e le 'ngoe e tloaelehileng

Tlhaloso: Leqephe la Lithethefatsi tsa Boitšoaro JBA 9, 3; 10.1556/2006.2020.00059

Tlhahlobo ea statistical

Lintlha tsa lipotso li ile tsa hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa liteko tse ikemetseng tsa t. Ho hlahlojoa mehato e phetoang ea phapang (ANOVA) ho sebelisitsoe ho sekaseka li-indices tsa ERP tsa BIC (N2 le P3) le litekanyo tsa boits'oaro (ho nepahala le li-RTs). Sena se felletse ka sehlopha (TCA, HC) × Stimulus (maemo a tloaelehileng le a khelohileng) × libaka tsa Electrode (libaka tse 9) ANOVA ea N2 le P3 amplitudes le latency tse amanang le BIC, le Group × Stimulus ANOVA bakeng sa boits'oaro. Lintlha tsa RT li ne li ipapisitse le liteko tse nang le karabo e nepahetseng. Liteko moo li-RTs li neng li le ka tlase ho 150 ms, ho bonts'a tebello, ha lia ka tsa nkuoa (Meule, Lutz, Vögele, & Kübler, 2012). Liwebsaete tsa Stimulus le Electrode li ne li le kahare ho lihlooho, 'me Sehlopha e ne e le sesosa se lipakeng tsa sehlooho. Ho ile ha sebelisoa litlhahlobo tsa Post-hoc ho bapisoa ka bobeli le liphetoho tsa Bonferroni. Litekanyetso tsohle tsa lipalo-palo li tlalehiloe ka litokiso tsa Greenhouse-Geisser, le sethala sa eta-square (η2p) boleng bo tlalehiloe bo na le litlamorao tse kholo. Tekanyo ea alpha ea 0.05 e sebelisitsoe litekong tsohle tsa lipalo.

Ethics

Tumello e tsebisitsoeng e saennoe ke bankakarolo bohle ba ithutoang. Phuputso e amohetsoe ke Boto ea Tlhatlhobo ea Setheo sa Bongaka ea Chengdu.

Results

Liphetho tse itlalehileng

Joalokaha ho lebelletsoe, sehlopha sa TCA se bonts'itse lintlha tse phahameng tsa PIPUS (19.78 ± 6.40) ho feta sehlopha sa HC (1.65 ± 1.28), t(68) = 16.65, P <0.001. Ntle le moo, sehlopha sa TCA se fumane lintlha tse phahameng ho feta sehlopha sa HC khafetsa beke le beke ea ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (3.92 ± 1.54 vs. 1.09 ± 0.87), tEA-68 (9.55) = XNUMX, P <0.001, le ho ipholla litho tsa botona kapa botšehali (2.81 ± 1.22 vs. 1.12 ± 0.91), t(68) = 6.54, P <0.001. Leha ho le joalo, lihlopha tsa TCA le HC ha lia ka tsa fapana ka khatello ea maikutlo joalo ka ha e lekantsoe ke SDS, ka matšoenyeho joalo ka ha e lekantsoe ke SAS, le ka boits'oaro bo ts'oaroang joalo ka ha bo lekantsoe ke BIS-11, ho bontša hore lintlha tsena e ne e se sebaka sa ho tšoenyeha hajoale ho ithuta. Sena se etsa hore phapang efe kapa efe ea boits'oaro le ERP e hlahisoe ka kotloloho ke mehato e amanang le cybersex.

Liphetho tsa boitšoaro

Mehato e phetoang ea ANOVA ea ho nepahala, ha Sehlopha e le ntho e pakeng tsa sehlooho le Stimulus e le ntho e kahare ho sehlooho, e senotse ho nepahala ho tlase haholo ho ba khelohileng (96.27%) ho feta bakeng sa tšusumetso e tloaelehileng (98.44%), F(1, 68) = 15.67, P <0.001, η2p = 0.19. Ho ne ho se na litlamorao tse kholo tse amanang le lintlha tsa Sehlopha, Fs <1. Mabapi le li-RTs, litšitiso tse khelohileng li hlahisitse li-RTs tse telele ha li bapisoa le tšusumetso e tloaelehileng, F(1, 68) = 41.58, P <0.001, η2p = 0.38 (bona Feie. 2). Ha ho phello e kholo bakeng sa Sehlopha e fumanoeng, F(1, 68) = 2.65, P = 0.108, η2p = 0.04. Habohlokoa le ho feta, tšebelisano ea Stimulus ea Sehlopha e ne e le bohlokoa, F(1, 68) = 4.54, P = 0.037, η2p = 0.06. Phello e bonolo ea Stimulus e bonts'itse hore lintho tse khelohileng li hlahisitse li-RTs tse telele ha li bapisoa le tšusumetso e tloaelehileng lihlopheng tsa TCA le HC, F(1, 35) = 46.28, P <0.001, η2p = 0.57, F(1, 33) = 7.60, P = 0.009, η2p = 0.19. Ho feta moo, ts'ebetso e bonolo ea Sehlopha e bontšitse hore leha lihlopha tsena tse peli li bonts'itse li-RTs tse ts'oanang bakeng sa tšusumetso e tloaelehileng, F(1, 68) = 0.16, P > 0.68, sehlopha sa TCA se bonts'itse li-RTs tse telele ho feta sehlopha sa HC bakeng sa tšitiso e khelohileng, F(1, 68) = 6.68, P = 0.012, η2p = 0.09.

Liphetho tsa ERP

N2

Mehato e phetoang ea ANOVA ho li-amplitudes tsa N2, e nang le libaka tsa Stimulus le Electrode e le lintlha tse phetoang le Sehlopha e le ntho e pakeng tsa sehlooho, e bonts'itseng litlamorao tse kholo tsa Stimulus, F(1, 68) = 72.72, P <0.001, η2p = 0.52, le libaka tsa Electrode, F(8, 544) = 130.08, P <0.001, η2p = 0.66, le ts'ebelisano ea bohlokoa ea Stimulus × Electrode, F(8, 544) = 8.46, P <0.001, η2p = 0.11. Ha e bapisoa le tšusumetso e tloaelehileng, tšusumetso e khelohileng e hlohlellelitse li-amplople tse kholo ho li-electrode tse ka pele le bohareng. Ha ho phello ea bohlokoa e fumanoeng bakeng sa Sehlopha, F <1. Ho feta moo, ho ne ho e-na le tšebelisano e matla ea Sehlopha x, F(1, 68) = 6.27, P = 0.015, η2p = 0.08. Phapang ea bophahamo lipakeng tsa tšitiso e khelohileng le e tloaelehileng e ne e le kholo ho sehlopha sa HC (-4.38 μV) ho feta sehlopha sa TCA (-2.39 μV).

Ntle le moo, litlamorao tse kholo tsa Stimulus, F(1, 68) = 28.51, P <0.001, η2p = 0.30, le libaka tsa Electrode, F(8, 544) = 3.52, P = 0.023, η2p = 0.05, e ile ea bonoa bakeng sa latency ea N2 Ha e bapisoa le tšusumetso e tloaelehileng, tšusumetso e khelohileng e hlahisitse latency e telele. N2 latency libakeng tse ka pele e ne e le telele ho feta libakeng tsa parietal.

P3

Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, mehato e phetoang ea ANOVA ho li-amplitudes tsa P3 e bonts'itse litlamorao tse kholo tsa Sehlopha, F(1, 68) = 4.45, P = 0.039, η2p = 0.06, Tšusumetso, F(1, 68) = 8.31, P = 0.005, η2p = 0.11, le libaka tsa Electrode, F(8, 544) = 76.03, P <0.001, η2p = 0.53, le ts'ebelisano ea bohlokoa ea Stimulus × Electrode, F(8, 544) = 43.91, P <0.001, η2p = 0.39. Li-amplitudes tse lekantsoeng maemong ohle li ne li le kholo ho sehlopha sa HC (4.12 μV) ho feta sehlopha sa TCA (1.94 μV). Lits'oaetso tse khelohileng li ile tsa baka li-amplitudes tse kholo ha li bapisoa le tšusumetso e tloaelehileng libakeng tsa bohareng le tsa parietal. Habohlokoa le ho feta, tšebelisano lipakeng tsa Sehlopha le Tšusumetso e ne e le bohlokoa, F(1, 68) = 4.94, P = 0.03, η2p = 0.07. Le ha sehlopha sa HC se bontšitse ntlafatso ea P3 amplitudes bakeng sa li-stimuli tse khelohileng (5.34 μV) ho feta bakeng sa li-stimuli tse tloaelehileng (2.89 μV), F(1, 33) = 11.63, P = 0.002, η2p = 0.26, sehlopha sa TCA ha sea ka sa bontša phapang e kholo ea boholo ba P3 lipakeng tsa maemo a khelohileng (2.10 μV) le maemo a standard (1.78 μV), F <1.

Tshekatsheko ea maqhubu a P3 e senotse phello e kholo ea libaka tsa Electrode, F(8, 544) = 17.13, P <0.001, η2p = 0.20, e bonts'a lits'oants'o tse telele libakeng tse ka pele le tse bohareng ho feta libaka tsa parietal. Tšebelisano lipakeng tsa Stimulus × Electrode libaka le eona e ne e le bohlokoa, F(8, 544) = 16.71, P <0.001, η2p = 0.20, e bonts'a maqhubu a malelele a bakoang ke tšusumetso e khelohileng ho feta maemo a tloaelehileng libakeng tsa parietal.

Puisano

Phuputso ena e ne e ikemiselitse ho lekola litlamorao tsa lits'oants'o tsa bootsoa ho BIC har'a batho ba nang le TCA ha ba bapisoa le HC, maemong a boits'oaro le ka motlakase, ba sebelisa mosebetsi o fetotsoeng oa Two-Choice Oddball o kopaneng le lirekoto tsa ERPs. Ena ke thuto ea pele ea ho fuputsa li-electrophysiological correlates tsa BIC maemong a ho lemalla li-cybersex le li-ERP. Le ha lithuto tsa pejana li fumane khokahano lipakeng tsa boits'oaro le matšoao a bokhoba ba ts'ebeliso ea inthaneteAntos & Brand, 2018; Antos et al., 2019), Phuputso ena ha ea fumana phapang e kholo lipakeng tsa BIS-11 lipakeng tsa lihlopha tsa TCA le HC. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, Gola et al. (2017) ha ea ka ea fumana phapang e kholo ea boits'oaro lipakeng tsa basebelisi ba litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tse fumanoeng le ho nka karolo ho ba nkang karolo. Patlisiso ea nako e tlang e tla hloka ho lekola sehokela sena ka botebo.

Le ha BIS-11 e nkuoa e le mokhoa oa ho se ts'oenyehe, mosebetsi o fetotsoeng oa Two-Choice Oddball o amana le ts'ebetso ea ho se ts'oarehe. Lefapheng la neuropsychology le neuroscience ea kelello, ho hloka maikutlo hangata ho lekana le BIC, ho bolelang hore mochini o laolang maemo a holimo, o thibelang likarabo tse sa nepahalang tse amanang le moputso kapa tse khahlano le litlhoko tsa hajoale (Groman et al., 2009). Le ha lihlopha ka bobeli li bontšitse litlamorao tsa BIC nakong ea boemo bo khelohileng, karabelo ea sehlopha sa TCA ho tšusumetso e khelohileng e ne e le butle ho feta ea sehlopha sa HC, se bonts'a matla a BIC a futsanehileng. Phapang ea boitšoaro e ne e tsamaisana le liphapang tsa sehlopha ka boholo ba li-amplitudes tsa N2 le P3 leqhubu le fapaneng la phapang. Haholo-holo, sehlopha sa TCA se bontšitse phapang e nyane ea N2 le P3 ea bophahamo bo khelohileng ho fapana le tšusumetso e tloaelehileng ha e bapisoa le sehlopha sa HC. Liphetho li paka hore tšusumetso e sa amaneng le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e sitisa BIC ea batho ba nang le TCA.

Thutong ena, bankakarolo ba ile ba ba le likhohlano tsa karabelo ha ba ne ba arabela likhathatso tse sa tloaelehang khafetsa maemong a maemo a tloaelehileng a neng a baka karabelo ea pele. Khohlano ena ea karabelo e hlohlellelitse karolo e hlahelletseng ea N2 ho leqhubu le fapaneng la phapang, le li-amplople tse kholo ka ho fetesisa libakeng tse ka pele le bohareng. Boithuto ba pejana bo bontšitse hore fronto-bohareng oddball N2 e hlahisitsoeng ke litšitiso tse khelohileng, e ts'oanang le NoGo N2 e hlahisitsoeng mosebetsing oa Go / NoGo, e ile ea amoheloa e le lethathamo la ho lekola likhohlano (Donkers & Van Boxtel, 2004; Nieuwenhuis et al., 2003). Boholo ba N2 bo nang le ts'ebeliso ea likhohlano bo ne bo le kholo ho feta ntle le ho sibolla likhohlano (Donkers & Van Boxtel, 2004). Mona, lihlopha tsa TCA le HC li bonts'itse likarolo tse amanang haholo le N2. Sena se bonts'a hore lihlopha ka bobeli li ka bona likhohlano tsa karabelo nakong ea kheloho. Leha ho le joalo, sehlopha sa TCA se bontšitse phapang e nyane ea boholo ba bophahamo ho fapana le maemo a tloaelehileng ha a bapisoa le sehlopha sa HC. Sena se bontša hore ho fokotsa tlhokomelo ho ile ha hlahisoa sehlopheng sa TCA khahlanong le sehlopha sa HC, e leng se lebisang ho itokisetseng hampe bakeng sa BIC hamoraoEimer, 1993). Ka hona, nakong ea mohato oa ts'ebetso pele ho ts'ebetso ea makoloi, sehlopha sa TCA se bonts'itse lits'ebetso tse haellang tsa kutloisiso ea pele tse hlokahalang ho kenya ts'ebetsong BIC.

Ntle le moo, karolo ea bohlokoa ea P3, e nang le li-amplople tse kholo libakeng tsa parietal, e fumanoe ho 300-500 ms range of the deviant-standard difference wave. Boithuto ba pejana bo bonts'itse hore P3 e bakiloeng ke li-nogo stimuli (e bonts'ang hamorao BIC) e fumanoe e le ea bohlokoa ho feta e bakiloeng ke tšusumetso ea mosebetsi oa Go / NoGo (Donkers & Van Boxtel, 2004; Nieuwenhuis et al., 2005). Matla a P3 a eketseha ka kholo ea lisebelisoa tsa kutloisiso. Tumellanong le tsa lithuto tsa pejana, litlhahiso tse khelohileng tse amanang le BIC thutong ena li felletse ka matla a maholo a P3 ho feta maemo a tloaelehileng. Habohlokoa le ho feta, bophahamo ba P3 e amanang le kheloho sehlopheng sa TCA bo ne bo le nyane haholo ho feta ba sehlopha sa HC. E senotse ts'ebetso ea BIC e haelloang tlasa maemo a khelohileng sehlopheng sa TCA.

Ka hona, li-amplople tsa N2 le P3 tse sa tsejoeng haholo sehlopheng sa TCA se amanang le sehlopha sa HC li ka nkuoa e le matšoao a likhaello tsa neural ho BIC. Boithuto ba rona bo ts'ehetsa mohopolo oa hore ho ts'oenyeha ke sesosa sa kotsi bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea bokhoba ba ts'oaetso ea cybersex (Antons & Brand, 2018; Antons et al., 2019). Sena se tsamaellana le liphetho tsa lithuto tse ngata mabapi le bothata ba ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi (mohlala, Sokhadze, Stewart, Hollifield, & Tasman, 2008; Zhao et al., 2017), bothata ba papali ea chelete (mohlala, Kertzman et al., 2008), le bokhoba ba inthanete (mohlala, Zhou, Yuan, Yao, Li, & Cheng, 2010). Liphuputso tsena li netefalitse hore likhaello tsa BIC ho batho ba nang le bothata ba tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi le litloaelo tsa boitšoaro li ne li amahanngoa le N2 le / kapa P3 amplitudes. Kahoo, litlamorao tsa boits'oaro le boits'oaro ba thuto ena li bonts'a hore bokhoba ba cybersex bo ka arolelana le neuropsychological le ERP litšoaneleho tsa ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi kapa litlolo tsa boitšoaro.

Mokhoa o mong o ka bang teng o lebisang ho BIC e nang le bokooa ho batho ba nang le TCA ke hore ho ts'oaroa hape le ho lakatsa ha ba ntse ba shebelletse litšoantšo tsa bootsoa li ba susumetsa hore ba shebelle litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Ka hona, ho ts'oaroa ha lisebelisoa tsa kutloisiso ho ama ts'ebetso ea sehlopha sa TCA mesebetsing ea kelello. Ho ea ka mekhoa e 'meli ea bokhoba ba tahi (Brand et al., 2019; Dong & Potenza, 2014; Wiers et al., 2007; Zilverstand le Goldstein, 2020), boits'oaro bo lemalloang bo tlas'a tšusumetso ea litsamaiso tse susumetsang tse susumetsang le tse bonts'ang moea o le mong. Boitšoarong bo hlephileng, leha ho le joalo, sistimi e bonts'ang e hatelloa ke sistimi e susumetsang. Kamano ena e etsa hore ho be thata le ho feta ho batho ba nang le TCA ho laola ka nepo mesebetsi ea cybersex leha ho na le litlamorao. Kaha ts'ebetso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e amahanngoa le likarolo tsa boko tse amanang le tlhokomelo le ho tsosa (Paul et al., 2008), litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro mosebetsing oa Oddball ea Likhetho tse peli ho bonahala li hohela sehlopha sa TCA haholo ho feta sehlopha sa HC. Kahoo, joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe ke ts'ebetso e mpe ea BIC, lits'oants'o tsa bootsoa li baka hore batho ba nang le TCA ba khelosoe ka matla ho feta litlhoko tsa mosebetsi. Khopolo-taba, ho lakatsa le ho etsa mosebetsi o tsoileng matsoho ho lokela ho tsamaellana le likhaello ho BIC mabapi le bothata ba lipapali tsa inthanete hammoho le mefuta e meng ea tahi ea inthanete (Brand et al., 2019; Dong le Potenza, 2014). Phuputsong e tlang, tšebelisano e ka bang teng lipakeng tsa li-neural correlates tsa cue reactivity le phokotso ea BIC e lokela ho hlahlojoa ho utloisisa hamolemo mekhoa ea tahlehelo ea taolo ea ts'ebeliso ea cybersex. Mohlala, lithuto tsa nako e tlang li ka lekola maemo a barupeluoa a ho tsosa takatso ea thobalano le takatso pele le kamora ho hlahisa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ho bona hore na li kena-kenana le bokhoni ba BIC ba barupeluoa (Laier et al., 2013).

Liphuputso tsa rona mona li bohlokoa ebile ke tsa bongaka. Khopolo-taba, liphetho tsa rona li bonts'a ho lemalla ts'oaetso ea cybersex ho tšoana le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi le ts'oaetso ea taolo ea maikutlo ho latela ho se ts'oenyehe maemong a elektrophisi le boits'oaro. Seo re se fumaneng se ka baka moferefere o phehellang mabapi le monyetla oa ho lemalla ts'oaetso ea cybersex e le mofuta o mocha oa lefu la kelello. Tleliniking, liphetho tsa rona li fana ka maikutlo a hore li-ERP li ka sebelisoa ho fuputsa mesebetsi ea methapo ea kutlo (joalo ka BIC), ka hona e totobatsa hore na ke lits'ebetso life tsa ts'ebeliso ea kelello tse lokelang ho sebetsanoa le kalafo ea bokhoba ba li-cybersex (Campanella et al., 2019). Ntle le bohlokoa ba li-ERP ho khetholla bofokoli ba mokuli, ho entsoe lithuto ho hlahloba litlamorao tsa kalafo ea mafu a kelello (Campanella, 2013). Lefapheng la bokhoba ba inthanete, lithuto tse 'maloa li sebelisitse lirekoto tsa ERPs ho lekola melemo ea bongaka e ka bang teng (Ge et al., 2011; Zhu et al., 2012). Liphuputso tsena li bonts'a hore litekanyo tsa li-ERP e kanna ea ba mokhoa o ka bang teng oa ho lekola bokhoni le likamano tsa boko ba khalemelo ea kelello bakeng sa mathata a lemalloang.

Ho na le meeli e 'maloa thutong ena. Taba ea mantlha, re batlisitse feela barupeluoa ba nkang karolo hobane ts'oaetso ea cybersex e bonahala e le bothata ba banna. Mohlala, lithuto tsa pejana li fumane hore banna ba pepesetsoa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ba sa le banyenyane, ba sebelisa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tse ngata (Hald, 2006), mme ba na le monyetla oa ho kopana le mathata ha ba bapisoa le basali (Ballester-Arnal, Castro Calvo, Gil-Llario, le GilJulia, 2017). Leha ho le joalo, liphuputso tse bapisang mekhoa ea ts'ebetso ea banna le basali ea ho sebetsana le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa li bontšitse hore likarolo tse ling tsa boko li sebelisoa haholo ho banna ho feta basali (mohlala, Wehrum et al., 2013). Kahoo, lithuto tsa nako e tlang li lokela ho lekola phapang ea thobalano ho BIC nakong ea ts'ebetso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Taba ea bobeli, thuto ena ha ea ka ea nahana ka sampole e hlakileng ea bongaka. Lebaka ke hore ha ho na tumellano mabapi le tlhaloso ea bongaka ea bokhoba ba ts'oaetso ea cybersex. Liphuputso tsa nako e tlang li lokela ho etsa tlhahlobo e bapisoang le ba arabelitsoeng ka ho lemalla ho ts'oaroa ha cybersex le ba arabelitsoeng ntle le ho lemalla ts'oaetso ea cybersex ho bona hore na ho na le mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa karabelo. Taba ea boraro, ena ke thuto ea pele ea ho sebelisa mosebetsi oa Oddball oa Likhetho tse peli molemong oa bokhoba ba cybersex. Ka lebaka leo, liphetho tsa sena tsa pele tsa lipatlisiso li lokela ho bapisoa le mesebetsi e meng e kang ea Go / Nogo le Stop-Signal paradigms. Phuputso ea morao tjena e bontšitse hore batho ba nang le matšoao a phahameng a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsa cybersex ba sebelitse hantle mosebetsing oa Stop-Signal (Antons & Brand, 2020). Sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore lithuto tsa BIC tsa bokhoba ba li-cybersex ha li fumanehe ebile ha li lumellane; ka hona, lipatlisiso tse ling lia hlokahala ho bonts'a sena hape. Kamora nako, litsebi li sa ntse li ngangisana ka hore na litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ke tsona (Prause, Steele, Staley, Sabatinelli, & Hajcak, 2016) kapa meputso (Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016). Khopolo ea boiphihlelo ea boits'oaro e khetholla likarolo tse peli tsa mantlha tsa "ho batla" le "ho rata", 'me bokhoba bo tšoauoa ka "ho batla" ho amanang le maikutlo le ho fokotsa "ho rata" ho amanang le moputso (Robinson, Fischer, Ahuja, Monyenyane, & Maniates, 2015). Ho hlokahala li-paradigms tsa liteko tse tsoetseng pele haholo, ho qhekella, le meputso lithutong tse tlang. Ho bohlokoa hape ho lekola takatso ea thobalano le ho rata litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le ho lekola likamano tsa bona le matšoao a motlakase.

Ka kakaretso, re atolositse liphuputsong tse fetileng ho bontša hore batho ba nang le TCA ba bonahatsa likhaello tsa methapo ea kutlo ka kotloloho bakeng sa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa nakong ea pele le kamora nako ea ts'ebetso ea thibelo. Boitsebiso ba boits'oaro le boits'oaro ba thuto ena bo bonts'a hore bokhoba ba cybersex bo ka arolelana le methapo ea kelello le li-ERP tsa ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi kapa litloaelo tsa boits'oaro, tse tšehetsang maikutlo a hore bokhoba ba cybersex bo ka nkuoa e le bokhoba ba boitšoaro.

Mehloli ea lichelete

Mosebetsi ona o ne o tšehelitsoe ke National Natural Science Foundation of Chin (nomoro ea lithuso: 31700980).

Menehelo ea bangoli

JW le BD ba kentse letsoho mohopolong oa thuto le moralo. JW e kentse letsoho ho hlophiseng data, ho sekaseka lipalo, mme e ngotse sengoloa. JW le BD ba kentse letsoho tlhokomelong ea boithuto mme ba hlophisa sengoloa se ngotsoeng ka letsoho. Bangoli bohle ba ne ba na le phihlello e felletseng ea tlhaiso-leseling eohle thutong mme ba nka boikarabello ba botshepehi ba data le ho nepahala ha tlhahlobo ea lintlha.

Khohlano ea thahasello

Bangoli ba phatlalatsa hore ha ho na likhohlano tsa thahasello.

Lintho tse ling tse eketsehileng

Lintlha tse tlatselletsang sengoloeng sena li ka fumanoa marang-rang ho https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00059.

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