Ho khomarela litšoantšo tsa bootsoa? Ho hlokomoloha kapa ho hlokomoloha maemo a ts'oanang le litaba tsa ho kopanela liphate ka litaba tsa ho qoqa le ba bang ka litaba tsa thobalano ho na le maemo a mangata a amanang le matšoao a ts'oaetso ea ho kopanela liphate le ba bang ba libanese (2015

J Behav Addict. 2015 Mar 1;4(1):14-21. doi: 10.1556/JBA.4.2015.1.5.

Schiebener J1, Laier C1, Mochine M2.

PUSELETSO E NTLE

inahaneloang

Ka morao le sepheo

Batho ba bang ba ja litaba tsa inthanete, tse kang boitsebiso bo hlephisang boitšoaro, ka mokhoa o lemalloang, o lebisang liphellong tse mpe bophelong ba bona kapa mosebetsing. Mokhoa o mong o lebisang liphellong tse mpe o ka fokotsoa ts'ebetso ea taolo ea ts'ebetso holim'a ts'ebetso le boitšoaro bo ka 'nang ba hlokahala ho lemoha ho fetoha ha sepheo pakeng tsa tšebeliso ea cybersex le mesebetsi e meng le boikarabelo ba bophelo.

mekhoa

Ho sebetsana le ntlha ena, re fuputse barupeluoa ba banna ba 104 le paradigm e kholo ea li-setshelo tse peli: Setha e le 'ngoe e ne e le litšoantšo tsa batho, se seng se ne se e-na le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Ka har'a litekanyetso ka bobeli litšoantšo li ne li tlameha ho aroloa ho latela mekhoa e itseng. Morero o hlakileng e ne e le ho sebetsa mesebetsing eohle ea ho khetha hore e be litefiso tse lekanang, ka ho fetola lipakeng tsa litefiso le mesebetsi ea sehlopha ka tsela e leka-lekaneng.

Results

Re fumane hore ts'ebetso e fokolang ka mokhoa o fokolang phaleng ena e mengata e ne e amahanngoa le mokhoa o phahameng oa ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka litaba tsa thobalano. Batho ba nang le tšekamelo ena hangata ba sebelisoa hampe kapa ba hlokomolohuoa ba sebetsang litšoantšong tsa bootsoa.

Puisano

Liphetho li bonts'a taolo e fokotsang taolo ea ts'ebetso ea multitasking, ha e shebane le litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso, e ka kenya letsoho boits'oarong bo bobe le litlamorao tse mpe tse bakoang ke bokhoba ba cybersex. Leha ho le joalo, batho ba nang le tšekamelo ea ho lemalla ts'ebeliso ea cybersex ho bonahala ba e-na le tšekamelo ea ho e qoba kapa ho atamela lintho tse litšila tse tsosang takatso, joalo ka ha ho buisanoa ka mehlala e susumetsang ea bokhoba ba tahi.

Keywords: Bokhoba ba marang-rang, cybersex, litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tsa inthanete, ho etsa lintho tse ngata tse fapaneng, mats'oafo a cue, matšoao a psychopathological

SELELEKELA

Batho ba bangata ba sebelisa marang-rang ka tsela e sebetsang. Tšobotsi e 'ngoe ea tšebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang e se nang mathata ke hore marang-rang a ka sebelisoa ho fihlela le ho phethahatsa litlhoko le lipheo (Moetso, Young & Laier, 2014). Ho 'nile ha phetoa hore basebelisi ba sebetsang ba Marang-rang ba ka kena-kenana le linako tsa marang-rang ha litlamo tse ling li khothaletsa kapa ba ka emisa tšebeliso ea inthanete habonolo ha lipheo li fihletsoe. Ka mantsoe a mang, basebelisi ba sebetsang ba inthanete ba khona ho fetoha pakeng tsa marang-rang le mesebetsi e meng ka tsela e lekaneng. Leha ho le joalo, lilemong tsa ho qetela ho ile ha hlaha ntho e makatsang eo hangata e bitsoang bokhoba ba inthanete. Ntho e makatsang ha e so ka e kenyelletsoa lits'ebetsong tsa mekhahlelo ea machaba (ICD-10; DSM-IV-TR; DSM-V; Dilling, Mombour le Schmidt, 1999; Saß, Wittchen le Zaudig, 1996), empa Lits'oaetso tsa Lipapali tsa Inthanete li kentsoe sehlomathisong sa DSM-V. Leha karohano e le tlhekefetso ea boitšoaro e ntse e tšohloa (cf., Brand et al., 2014; Charlton le Danforth, 2007; Davis, 2001; Kuss le Griffiths, 2012b; Kuss, Griffiths, Karila le Billieux, 2013; LaRose, Lin & Eastin, 2003; Meerkerk, van den Eijnden, Vermulst & Garretsen, 2009; O'Brian, 2010; Petry & O'Brien, 2013; Starcevic, 2013; Young, 2004), bangoli ba bangata ba pheha khang ea hore matšoao a ts'oana le a batho ba lemalloang: Batho ba anngoeng ba ikutloa ba le takatso e matla ea ho sebelisa marang-rang, ba fokolitse taolo ea ts'ebeliso ea bona ea inthanete, ba sa atlehe ho leka ho fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea inthanete, ba bontša matšoao a ho khaotsa ho se be teng kantle ho naha, ho hlokomoloha mesebetsi ea sechaba le ea boiphihlelo, 'me u tsoele pele ho sebelisa marang-rang leha ho na le litlamorao tse mpe khafetsa (mohlala, Griffiths, 2000; Morahan-Martin, 2008; Weinstein le Lejoyeux, 2010; E monyenyane, 1998).

Karolo ea bohlokoa ea bokhoba ba marang-rang e bonoa ke tahlehelo ea taolo ea tšebeliso ea matla (Brand et al., 2014). Phuputso ea morao-rao e ikemiselitse ho utloisisa hofetisisa mekhoa e entseng hore u lahleheloe ke taolo. Re fana ka maikutlo a hore e 'ngoe ea mekhoa ena ke ho sitoa ho fana ka taolo ea kelello holim'a boitšoaro le boits'oaro bo hlokahalang ho fetola pakeng tsa marang-rang le mesebetsi e meng ea bophelo ka tsela e lekanang. Mona, re tsepamisa mohopolo ho lithethefatsi tsa cybersex - mofuta o itseng oa bokhoba ba marang-rang (bona mohlala, Davis, 2001; Kuss & Griffiths, 2012a; Meerkerk, van den Eijnden le Garretsen, 2006). Mokhoa oa morao-rao oa theoretical mabapi le ho hlalosa bokhoba ba marang-rang o khothalelitsoe ke Brand et al. (2014). E ipapisitse le mohlala oa boitsoaro ba tšebeliso ea marang-rang a pathological ka Davis (2001), Brand et al. (2014) Ho khothalelitsoe mehlala e meraro e hlalosang bolepi le mekhoa ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebeliso ea inthanete, tšebeliso e mpe ea inthanete le ts'ebeliso e itseng ea Inthanete ka ho latellana. Bokhoba ba cybersex ke mofuta o ka sehloohong oa bokhoba bo itseng ba inthanete (Meerkerk et al., 2006; E monyenyane, 2008), ntle le Papali ea Marang-rang. Brand et al. (2014) etsa tlhahiso ea hore litšobotsi tse peli tsa mantlha li etse motho ea hlaselehang habonolo bakeng sa nts'etsopele le ho boloka lekhoba le ikhethileng la inthanete, joalo ka ho lemalla tahi. Sebopeho sa motho oa pele ke setla-morao se sa ikhethang se nang le matšoao a kelello le kelello. Boithuto bo 'maloa bo hlile bo bontšitse hore litloaelo tsa ho lemalla tahi-le-moea ka cybersex li hokahane le matšoao a bonoang, khatello ea maikutlo, kelello, ho tšoenyeha, bolutu kapa ho phela hantle kelellong (mohlala, Brand et al., 2011; Kuss & Griffiths, 2012a; Pawlikowski & Brand, 2011; Pawlikowski, Nader, et al., 2013; Philaretou, Mahfouz le Allen, 2005; Putnam, 2000; Schwartz le Boroa, 2000). Sebopeho sa motho oa bobeli ke mohopolo o ka pele oa ho fumana khotsofalo e phahameng ho tsoa ho litaba tse ikhethileng. Mohlala, liphuputso li fumane hore motho a ka rera ho lemalla cybersex ka ts'ebeliso e phahameng ea thobalano (Bancroft le Vukadinovic, 2004; Cooper, Delmonico le Burg, 2000; Cooper, McLoughlin & Campell, 2000; Kafka, 2010; Salisbury, 2008). Matlafatso e ntlafalitsoeng (mohlala, ka lebaka la ho tsosa takatso ea botona kapa ea botšehali) le ho khothaletsoa hampe (mohlala, ka lebaka la phokotso ea maikutlo a fosahetseng) ba khothaletsoa ho lebisa ho maemo mme ka hona, ts'ebeliso ea Internet e pheta-phetoang le e ntseng e eketseha, leha ho bile le litlamorao tse mpe (Brand et al., 2014). Ntle le moo, batho ka bomong ba ka fuoa monyetla oa ho arabela mekhoeng e amanang le bokhoba ka ho bona ntho e nchafalitsoeng (= cue-indenti uzoefu oa ho tsosa) le ho lakatsa (= takatso e matla ea ho sebelisa thepa ea cybersex). Mohopolo ona o tšehelitsoe mabapi le cybersex lithutong tse fetileng (Brand et al., 2011; Laier, Pawlikowski, Pekal, Schulte & Brand, 2013).

Brand et al. (2014) ba pheha khang ea hore tahlehelo ea taolo ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ke mochini o ka sehloohong tlatsong ea inthanete. Ho ba maemong a ts'ebeliso ea Marang-rang "ho etsa hore ho be thata le ho feta hore motho a laole tšebeliso ea inthanete ka mokhoa o hlakileng, leha litlamorao tse mpe tse amanang le tšebeliso e mpe ea Marang-rang li fumaneha kamora nako e telele" (leq. 3; Brand et al., 2014). Brand et al. (2014) o khothalelitse hore taolo ea kelello e fokotseha haholo ha batho ba shebane le litheko tsa bona tsa tlhekefetso (mohlala, litšoantšo tsa bootsoa).

Ka kakaretso, ts'ebetso ea taolo holim'a boitšoaro le monahano ke bokhoni ba ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso bo hlophisitsoeng ke sehlopha sa mesebetsi ea taolo e kholo (Anderson, Anderson le Jacobs, 2008; Liphoso & D'Esposito, 2011) e tataisoa haholo ke preortal cortex (mohlala, karolo ea dorsolateral) le libaka tse ling tsa subort cortical (mohlala, libaka tse sebakeng sa basal ganglia) (bona mohlala, Alvarez le Emory, 2006; Jurado le Rosselli, 2007; Stuss le Knight, 2013). Ts'ebetso ea taolo e kholo ke mohlala ho tsepamisa maikutlo, thibelo, ho feto-fetoha, ho rala, ho hlokomela, ho laola maano, hape le ho hopola lintlha le ho etsa liqeto (Badley, 2003; Borkowsky & Burke, 1996; Jurado le Rosselli, 2007; Miyake et al., 2000; Shallice & Burgess, 1996; Smith le Jonides, 1999).

Lintho tse amanang le litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso li fokotsa tšebetso mesebetsing ea taolo e phahameng e hlokang ts'ebetso ea pono kapa liphetoho tse potlakileng (ke ho re tsepamisa maikutlo / thibelo)Macapagal, Janssen, Fridberg, Finn le Heiman, 2011; Boholo, Smith, Cooter, Levy & Zald, 2007; Thapelo, Janssen & Hetrick, 2008; Wright & Adams, 1999), mohopolo oa ho sebetsa (Laier, Schulte & Brand, 2013), kapa ho etsa liqeto (Laier, Pawlikowski & Brand, 2014). Ts'ebetso e fokotsehileng e shebileng hloko / e thibelang le mesebetsi ea memori e sebetsang e fumanoe e amahanngoa le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea thobalano (Macapagal et al., 2011) kapa motho ka mong o hloka ho ipholla litho (Laier, Schulte et al., 2013). Liphumano tsena li fetoha molemong oa hore taolo ea kelello le tšebetso e phahameng li ka sitisoa ka ho ts'oara takatso ea thobalano.

Sebaka se le seng se hlokang taolo e phahameng ke ho etsa lintho tse ngata tse amanang le sepheo. Mohlala, mosebelisi oa cybersex a ka lula a phathahane ka ho sheba lits'oants'o tsa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ha ka nako e ts'oanang mesebetsi e meng ea bophelo e ntse e nahanisisa e ke keng ea etsoa ka papiso, empa feela kamora ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea cybersex e felile. Ho khona ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng ka mokhoa o ikemiselitseng sepheo, le ts'ebetso e sebetsang ho ka kenyelletsa likarolo tse 'maloa tsa taolo e phahameng, joalo ka ho lekola palo ea mesebetsi e fapaneng, ho se tlohele linthong tse litšila tse tsosang takatso, le ho fetohela mesebetsing e meng (sheba mohlala, Burgess, 2000; Burgess, Veitch, de Lacy Costello & Shallice, 2000; Monna, Hawkins, Evans, Woldt & Robertson, 2002; Shallice & Burgess, 1996).

Ha re nahana ka hore ho etsa lintho tse ngata tse fapaneng ho hloka tšebetso ea taolo e phahameng 'me re fuoe litšoantšo tsa thobalano le thepa e tlatselletsang ho kena-kenanang le taolo e phahameng, re ile ra tiisa hore phokotso ea bokhoni ba ho etsa multitasking maemong a kenyelletsang ts'ebetso ea thobalano ke setlatsetso sa ts'ebeliso e mpe ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea thobalano. Re ne re lebelletse hore basebelisi ba nang le tšekamelo e phahameng ea bokhoba ba cybersex ba "qobelloe" ka tšusumetso ea thobalano leha ba na le sepheo se hlakileng sa ho hlokomela mesebetsi e meng ka tekanyo e tšoanang.

Ho feta moo, ba fuoa karolo ea bohlokoa ea e predisposition psychopathological bakeng cybersex lemalla, re hypothesized hore batho ba nang le severer mathata psychopathological kopantswe le bokhoni bo sa se fokolang haholo ho laola multitasking le ho susumetsa ba bang bootsoa lokela le bothata ba ho le matšoao a ho feta oa cybersex lemalla.

METHODA

barupeluoa ba

Re fuputse banna ba 104 ba bong bo fapaneng - ba hapiloeng ke papatso ea lehae - ho Lefapha la Kakaretso ea Psychology: Kitso Univesithing ea Duisburg-Essen. Phatlalatso e atisitse hore thuto e mabapi le tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa Inthaneteng le hore ho tla hlahisoa litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso ea boitšoaro bo litšila tse tsosang takatso. Barupeluoa ba amohetse € 10 / hora kapa mekitlane ea lithuto. Lethathamo 1 e bonts'a likarolo tsa sechaba tsa mohlala.

Tafole 1. 

Litšobotsi tsa sechaba le mohlala oa batho bohle:

Mehato

Multitasking - Balancing switask Task porno (BSTporn)

Bakeng sa boithuto ba hajoale, BST - paradigm e entsoeng ka likhomphutha e nang le linomoro le libopeho, e ntlafalitsoeng pejana ke rona e le tekanyo ea ho lekola (Schiebener et al., 2014; Gathmann, Schiebener, Wolf & Brand, 2015) - e ne e entsoe ka litšoantšo.

BSTporn, barupeluoa ba na le sepheo sa ho etsa chelete e lekanang ho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea mesebetsi e mene ka ho chencha lipakeng tsa bona. Ho na le likarolo tse peli tse susumetsang:

“Litšoantšo tsa motho”: Litšoantšo tsa monna le mosali ba ntseng ba itsamaela kapa ba matha le tsela e otlolohileng e letsitseng kapa ea leqele ka lehlakoreng le letšehali ka mehala e metšo e metšo litšoantšong.

Litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ”: Ho na le litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso ea botona kapa botšehali tse bonts'ang ho kopanela liphate kapa kahare ho monna le mosali, ho etsahalang ka phapusing kapa kantle.

Mesebetsi e mene ke:

Mosebetsi 1 (setšoantšo sa motho): Bontša hore na ho hatchant ho ea ka lehlakoreng le holimo (tobetsa "d") kapa ho le letona ("f").

Mosebetsi 2 (litšoantšo tsa motho eo): Bontša hore na batho ba babeli ba ntse ba tsamaea ("j") kapa ba matha ("k").

Mosebetsi 3 (litšoantšo tsa bootsoa): Bontša hore na ketsahalo e etsahalang ka tlung (“d”) kapa ka ntle (“f”).

Mosebetsi 4 (litšoantšo tsa bootsoa): Bontša hore na setšoantšo se bonts'a thobalano ("j") kapa thobalano ea molomo ("k").

Ka sebaka barrel barupeluoa ba ka fetoha lipakeng tsa lisete tse peli. Ka har'a seta, barupeluoa ba ka fetoha lipakeng tsa mesebetsi ka ho fetola pakeng tsa linotlolo tsa karabo ("d", "f" / "j", "k"). Khothatso e le 'ngoe feela e hlahisoa ka nako. Ke o mong feela oa mesebetsi e mene e lokelang ho etsoa ka khothalletso e 'ngoe le e' ngoe.

Barupeluoa ba fuoa merero e meraro: Sebetsa mesebetsi eohle ka mokhoa o lekanang ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang, 'me u hlophise lintlha ka potlako kamoo ho ka khonehang (ka ho etsa likarabo tse potlakileng). Ba tsebisitsoe hore ho chencha lipakeng tsa litefiso le litšenyehelo tsa sebaka sa ho jella nako. Molao ona o ne o sebelisetsoa ho eketsa nako eo barupeluoa ba lulang ka har'a nako e le 'ngoe e lokelang ho eketsa mojaro ho shebella.

Likarolo tsohle tse tlase le mosebetsi o akaretsang lia etsoa. Liteko li ile tsa etsa bonnete ba hore mosebetsi oa utloahala. Mosebetsi o fanoa ka metsotso e mene, makhetlo a mabeli. Kamora nako e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ho fanoa ka maikutlo mabapi le ts'ebetso mabapi le merero e meraro. Kamora lekhetlo la pele barupeluoa ba hopotsoa ka mesebetsi e mene le kabelo ea linotlolo. Mehato ea sephetho ke:

1:% setPersonPuzzle (= [palo ea linepe tse hlahisitsoeng ka sethaleng le batho / palo ea litšoantšo tse hlahisitsoeng nakong ea mosebetsi oohle] * 100).

2:% setPornographicPuzzle (= [palo ea linepe tse hlahisitsoeng seterong le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa / palo ea linepe tse hlahisitsoeng nakong ea mosebetsi oohle] * 100).

3: Ho kheloha tekanyetso e behiloeng. Ho kheloha tekanyetso e behiloeng ho sebelisoa e le phetoho e kholo ea ho lekanya ts'ebetso ea BSTporn. Phapang ena e bonts'a hore na motho o khelohile hakae ho sebetsa litsing tse peli ho isa linthong tse lekanang hantle. Boleng bo phahameng bo bonts'a ho kheloha ho feta sepheo sena. Foromo e tsoa formula ea lipalopalo bakeng sa ho etsa likhakanyo tse fapaneng tsa mohlala. Pele, ho ne ho lekantsoe hore na liperesente tse kae tsa palo e felletseng ea tlhahiso e hlahisitsoeng kahare ho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lijana tse peli (e hlalositsoeng ka tlase ke% setPersonPuzzle le% setPornographicPisode). Ho tsoa boleng bona boleng bo nepahetseng ba ts'ebetso e lekanang (50% ho sete ka seng) e ne e tlositsoe. Liphello e bile tse peli. Liphetho li ne li bitsitsoe ebe li aroloa ke ba babeli. Eaba motso oa nkuoa. Liphetho li ka ba teng ho tloha 0% ho 50%.

ho kheloha tekanyetso e behiloeng = √ [((% setPersonPisode - 50) 2 + (% setPornographicPisode - 50) 2) / 2]

4: Tsela ea ho kheloha: Tsela e khelohileng e hlalosa hore na karolo ea sets'oants'o sa setšoantšo se nkang karolo ea eona e kheloha tekatekanong joang. Phapang e pakeng tsa –100 ho 100. Boleng ba 0 bo bolela hore ka bobeli li behiloe palo e lekanang ea litšoantšo ho eona. Boleng ba –100 bo bolela hore ho ne ho sebelisitsoe litšoantšo tsa batho feela, + 100 e bolela hore ho sebelisitsoe litšoantšo tsa bootsoa feela. Ea Khale:

Tataiso ea ho kheloha =% setPornographicPisode -% setPersonPisode.

Psychopathological preisposition - Kakaretso ea Matšoao a Lethathamo la Lintho Tse Hlokahalang (BSI)

Ho BSI (Boulet & Boss, 1991) barupeluoa ba bonts'a hore na ba utloile bohloko hakae ke matšoao a kelello kapa a 53 matsatsing a supileng a fetileng ("0 = ho hang" ho "4 = sana"). Ho na le boholo ba matšoao a 9: Matšoao a ho qobella, khatello ea maikutlo, ho tšoenyeha, ho tšoenyeha ka phobic, psychoticism, somatization, lehloeo, mehopolo ea paranoid, kutloelo-bohloko ea motho. Mehato: Joalo ka ha re latela, re sebelisitse Global Severity Index (BSI-GSI), e bonts'ang botebo ba matšoao a psychopathological.

Matšoao a bokhoba ba cybersex - s-IATsex

S-IATsex ke mofuta o mokhuts'oanyane oa tlhahlobo ea taolo ea inthanete (Pawlikowski, Altstötter-Gleich le Brand, 2013) e fetotsoe libaka tsa marang-rang tsa thobalano tsa inthanete. Lipehelo tse kang "inthaneteng" le "inthanete" li ile tsa nkeloa sebaka ke "ketso tsa thobalano tsa marang-rang" le "libaka tsa thobalano tsa marang-rang" (mohlala, "Ke hangata hakae u fumanang libaka tsa thobalano tsa inthanete nako e telele ho feta kamoo u neng u rerile?"). S-IATsex e na le lintho tse leshome le metso e 'meli le sekala sa lintlha tse hlano ho tloha 1 (= ha ho mohla) ho 5 (= khafetsa). Teko e na le lits'ehetso tse peli: "tahlehelo ea taolo / taolo ea nako" le "ho lakatsa / mathata a setjhaba". Mehato: Re ne re thahasella ho teba ha kakaretso ea litlamorao tse mpe ka lebaka la tšebeliso ea cybersex. Kahoo, re sebelisitse kakaretso ea s-IATsex kakaretso, mohlomong ho tloha 12 ho 60, e le mohato o ka sehloohong (Cronbach's alpha = .84). S-IATsex e sebelisitsoe lithutong tse 'maloa tse fetileng mme e hlalositsoe moo ho qaqileng haholoanyane, mohlala Laier, Pawlikowski, Pekal et al. (2013).

Lipatlisiso tsa sethathamo

Lintlha li ile tsa hlahlojoa le IBM, SPSS Statistics Version 21.0. Litlamorao ke khokahano ea Pearson, tšebelisano lipakeng tsa tse peli tse fapaneng joalo ka ha bahanyetsi ba phetoho e le 'ngoe ba ile ba hlahlobisisoa ka tlhahlobo ea maemo a phetoho ea maemo a holimo Cohen, Cohen, Bophirimela le Aiken, 2003).

Ethics

Barupeluoa bohle ba ile ba fana ka tumello e ngotsoeng pele ho patlisiso mme thuto e amohetsoe ke komiti ea melao ea boitšoaro ea lehae.

LIPOTSO

Ka karolelano, mehlala ea li-sampole s-IATsex le BSI-GSI li ne li le maemong a tloaelehileng, joalo ka ha ho tsejoa ho tsoa mehlala ea analogue ea nakong e fetileng (Brand et al., 2011; Laier, Pawlikowski, Pekal et al., 2013). S-IATsex le BSI-GSI li ne li na le mofuta o hlomphehang ho kenyelletsa lithuto tse nang le tšekamelo ea ho lemalla cybersex le mathata a tebileng a psychopathological. BSTporn, ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng e ne e le haufi haholo empa ho ne ho boetse ho na le phapang e kholo (bona Lethathamo 2).

Tafole 2. 

Lintlha tse hlalosang tsa BST, BSI-GSI, le s-IATsex

 

S-IATsex e ne e tsamaisana hantle le ho kheloha ho tekanyetso ho BSTporn le BSI-GSI. Leha ho le joalo, lintlha tsa BSTporn tse emelang tataiso ea kheloho ha lia ka tsa kopanngoa le s-IATsex. Litokellano tsohle li ka fumaneha ho Lethathamo 3.

Tafole 3. 

Litlamo lipakeng tsa boleng ba BST, BSI-GSI le s-IATsex

 

Ho etsa tlhahlobo ea maikutlo hore batho ba nang le motsoako oa ts'ebetso ea kelello le tšebeliso ea mesebetsi e mengata e fokotsehileng ba na le tšekamelo e phahameng ea ho lemalla ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea cybersex, re kenyelelitse tlhahlobo ea maemo a phahameng ea maemoCohen et al., 2003). Mohato oa pele oa mofuta oa regression, o nang le s-IATsex kakaretso ea palo ka ho fapana, BSI-GSI (psychopathological preisposition) e hlalositse 11% haholo phapang ea s-IATsex, R2 = .11, F(1, 102) = 12.35, p <.001. Mohato oa bobeli, ho kheloha ka mokhoa o fapaneng ho tloha ho set balance (ts'ebetso ea ho etsa lintho tse ngata) ho hlalositse haholo 6% ea phapang ea s-IATsex, ∆R2 = .06, ∆F(1, 101) = 7.76, p = .006. Mohatong oa boraro, tšebelisano lipakeng tsa baphetisi ba babeli (BSI-GSI e ngatafalitsoe ke ho kheloha tekong e behiloeng) e hlalositse haholo 4% ea s-IATsex, ∆R2 = .04, ∆F(1, 100) = 4.88, p = .030. Litekanyetso tse ling tsa regression li ka fumanoa ho Lethathamo 4. Phello ea tšebelisano e bonts'oa ka tlhahlobo e bobebe ea moepa, Setšoantšo sa 1.

Tafole 4. 

Boleng ba regression bo sekaseka le s-IATsex e le phetoho e fapaneng
Setšoantšo sa 1. 

Liphetho tsa tlhahlobo e bonolo ea selika-likoe e mameloang ka s-IATsex e le phapang e ikhethileng le BSI-GSI le BST ho kheloha seteng ho lekantsoeng

 

Mohala o moputsoa ho palo o bonts'a batho ba nang le ho kheloha ho tlase ho setereke ba neng ba e-na le lintlha tse tlase tsa I-IATsex ntle le hore na ba ne ba na le lintlha tse phahameng kapa tse tlase tsa BSI-GSI. Ka lebaka leo, letsoalo le ne le se bohlokoa, t = 0.75, p = .457. Ho fapana le hoo, mohala o motšo o bonts'a hore batho ba nang le ho kheloha haholo ho litekanyetso tse behiloeng, ba kopantsoeng le lintlha tse phahameng tsa BSI-GSI, ba ne ba e-na le lintlha tse phahameng haholo tsa s-IATsex, t = 4.03, p <.001. (Ka kopo hlokomela: Lintlha tse "phahameng" le "tlaase" li emela litekanyetso tse hakantsoeng bakeng sa bankakarolo ba nang le litekanyetso tse le 'ngoe tse khelohileng ka holimo kapa ka tlase ho moelelo oa sampole. Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ena ha ho hlokahale ho arola sampole (Cohen et al., 2003).)

Ha palo ea kakaretso ea kheloho e ne e tsamaisana le s-IATsex, lintho tse fetohileng e ne e le mosebetsi o phahameng ho e 'ngoe ea litefiso tse peli. Ka mantsoe a mang, mathata a basebelisi ba nang le lintlha tse phahameng tsa s-IATsex a ne a e-na le ts'ebetso ea multitasking e ne e se ka lebaka la ho lula ka bongata ka litšoantšo tsa bootsoa empa hape e ne e se ka ho tšoareha ha motho ea joalo ka litšoantšo. Kahoo, potso e ile ea sala, ka tsela eo basebelisi ba nang le lintlha tse phahameng tsa s-IATsex ba khelohile ho tekano e behiloeng.

Mohlahlobisisong o eketsehileng oa tlhahlobo, re lekile hore na kamano pakeng tsa tataiso ea ho kheloha le s-IATsex e ne e se mohala empa e le sebopeho. Ho etsa tlhahlobo ea maikutlo ana re lekantse tlhahlobo ea "curve-linear regression" e nang le s-IATsex. Boemong ba pele, tataiso ea kheloha e kentsoe e le boikemelo bo ikemetseng, empa e sa hlalose haholo phapang ea s-IATsex, R2 <.01, F(1, 102) <0.01, p = .930. Mohatong oa bobeli, ho ile ha kengoa tsela ea ho kheloha habeli e ileng ea hlalosa haholo 11% ea phapang ea s-IATsex, ∆R2 = .11, ∆F(2, 101) = 12.41, p <.001. Kamano e bopehileng joaloka o e bontšitsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 2, litekanyetso tse ling tsa khatello li ka fumanoa ho Lethathamo 4. Karolo e hakanyetsoang e bontša hore batho ba nang le lintlha tse phahameng tsa S-IATsex ba ne ba tloaetse ho sebetsa haholo litšoantšong tsa motho eo kapa linthong tse litšila tse tsosang takatso.

Setšoantšo sa 2. 

Kamano lipakeng tsa s-IATsex le tataiso ea ho kheloha ho sebetsa ka tsela e leka-lekaneng mesebetsing e 'meli ea mosebetsi oa multitasking

TŠOHLOA

Re ile ra batlisisa hore na tloaelo ea ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka litaba tsa thobalano e amahanngoa le mathata a ho laola tsela ea ho tseba hore na boemo bo hokae bo akarelletsang litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Re ne re sebelisa lipatlisiso tse ngata tseo barupeluoa ba neng ba e-na le sepheo se hlakileng sa ho sebetsa ka tekanyo e lekanang ho se nke lehlakore le boitsebiso ba bootsoa. Re fumane hore barupeluoa ba tlalehang mekhoa e metle ea ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka litaba tsa ho kopanela liphate ka thobalano ba ile ba fokotseha haholo ho feta pakane ena

Ho feta moo, joalo ka ha ho tsejoa ho tsoa lithutong tse fetileng, tšekamelo ea ho lemalla tahi-leseling e boletsoe esale pele ke matšoao a psychopathological (bona mohlala, Brand et al., 2011; Brand et al., 2014; Kuss & Griffiths, 2012a; Putnam, 2000; Mocha, Cooper, Griffiths-Shelley, O'Mara & Buchanan, 2000). Haholo-holo batho bao ho ba le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea kelello le kelello le ho kheloha ho matla ho tsoa morerong oa tšebetso e mengata o etsahetseng ba bonts'itse matšoao a matla a bokhoba ba cybersex.

Liphetho li tsamaellana le maikutlo a Brand et al. (2014) ea bontšitseng hore lits'ebetso tsa taolo ea kelello, haholo mesebetsi ea taolo e phahameng, joalo ka ha li ameha nakong ea multitasking, ke karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebelisong ea cybersex. Ka lehlakoreng la ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea cybersex, taolo e phahameng e ka ikarabella ho hlokomela boits'oaro bo nang le sepheo le ho qoba tahlehelo ea taolo nakong ea ts'ebeliso ea cybersex. Ka lehlakoreng la tšebetso, mathata a taolo e phahameng, joalo ka a ka 'nang a ikarabella bakeng sa ho sitoa ho etsa mosebetsi o mongata oa ho etsa mesebetsi e mengata, a ka kenya letsoho matšoao a bokhoba ba marang-rang. Haholo-holo basebelisi ba marang-rang ba nang le bothata ba tlaleha hore ba na le mathata a ho se tlose lintho tseo ba li ratang, leha ho le joalo ho na le likano tse ling (mohlala, Kuss & Griffiths, 2012a; Morahan-Martin & Schumacher, 2000; Widyanto & McMurran, 2004; E monyenyane, 1998). Leha ho le joalo, lithuto tsa pejana li bontšitse hore bokhoba ba marang-rang ha bo utloe bohloko ke bofokoli bo phahameng ka kakaretso (Dong, Lin, Zhou le Lu, 2013; Dong, Lu, Zhou le Zhao, 2010; Letsatsi le al., 2009) empa ha ba tobana le thepa e amanang le litakatso tsa bona tse ikhethang tsa bokhoba (Brand et al., 2014; Zhou, Yuan & Yao, 2012). Liphetho mabapi le phello ena li ka huloa ka ho nka mohopolo oa ntlafatso ea cue (bona Carter & Tiffany, 1999) ka kelellong: Basebelisi ba cybersex ba feteletseng ba ka fuoa maemo a ho ba le tebello kapa ho lebella moputso ha ba bona thepa mme karabelo ena e nang le maemo e kena-kenana le lits'ebetso tsa taolo ea kelello. Ka lebaka leo, ho ka ba thata ho laola boits'oaro le kelello ho latela sepheo se neng se behiloe pele.

Empa ke ts'ebetso efe ea taolo e phahameng eo BSTporn e batlang ka ho khetheha? Kamora mosebetsi oa rona oa pele (Schiebener et al., 2014), re pheha khang ea hore mosebetsi o lokela ho beha leihlo ho lekola, hobane o hloka hore barupeluoa ba lekole sepheo sa mosebetsi (ba etsa ka tekanyo e lekanang mesebetsing eohle) mabapi le boits'oaro ba hae (hangata hakae le halelele hakae hole haholo). Ka lebaka la bohlokoa ba ho boloka tlhaiso-leseling ena e ntlafalitsoe le ho ntlafatsoa ka mokhoa o tsoelang pele ts'ebetso ea BSTporn e ka kenyelletsa karolo e kholo ea ts'ebetso ea memori. Ho hopola ho sebetsa ho fumanoe ho sitisoa ke tlhahiso ea takatso ea thobalano (Laier, Schulte et al., 2013). Ka kakaretso, monyetla oa ts'ebetso ea litšoantšo tsa thobalano ho kena-kenana le mohopolo oa ho sebetsa le taolo e phahameng maemong a multitasking o ka bonoa e le karolo ea bohlokoa ea tahlehelo ea taolo joalo ka ha ho tlalehiloe ke basebelisi ba bothata ba cybersex.

Mokhoa o joalo oa ho kenella o ka hlalosoa ke lits'ebetso tse etsahalang bokong ba boko. Likarolo tsa cortex ea pele, tse kang dorsolateral preortal cortex, li taolong e kholo ea lits'ebetso tsa taolo ea kelello, ho kenyelletsa le mohopolo oa ho sebetsa, mesebetsi ea tsamaiso, ka hona hape le multitasking (mohlala, Alvarez le Emory, 2006; Burgess, 2000; Burgess et al., 2000; Clapp, Rubens, Sabharwal & Gazzaley, 2011; Hill, Bohil, Lewis & Neider, 2013; Shallice & Burgess, 1991; Smith le Jonides, 1999; Stuss le Knight, 2013). Sena se bitsoang li-loonto tsa "stonto-striatal loops" se hokahanya cortex ea pele le likarolo tse ling tsa sistimi ea maoto e sebetsang maikutlong, khothatso le moputso, haholoholo tsa amygdala le li-nucleus.Alexander & Crutcher, 1990; Chudasama le Robbins, 2006; Heyder, Suchan le Daum, 2004; Hoshi, 2013). Ha ho etsoa lipatlisiso tsa bokhoba ba lithethefatsi ho bonts'itsoe hore batho ba lemaletseng bokhoba ba lithethefatsi (mohlala, setšoantšo sa joala) ba etsa hore ho be le karabelo e matla libakeng tseo ho sebetsanoang le moputso empa ho fokotsa taolo ea pele (Bechara, 2005; Goldstein et al., 2009;; bona hape Brand et al., 2014). Tumellanong le pono ena, lithuto tsa bonohe ba kelello ka bokhoba ba marang-rang li boetse tsa fumana ts'ebetso ea libaka tsa ts'ebetso ea moputso (mohlala, li-nucleus accumbens; Ko et al., 2009) le liphetoho molemong oa ts'ebetso ea pele-pele nakong ea tlhahiso ea thepa e ikhethileng ea taolo (sheba mohlala, Han et al., 2011; Han, Kim, Lee, Min & Renshaw, 2010; Lorenz et al., 2013). Mochine o joalo o kanna oa hlalosa sephetho sa boithuto ba hajoale: Ho batho ba nang le lintlha tse phahameng ho s-IATsex, litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso li kanna tsa baka ts'ebetso ea sistimi ea moputso empa ea fokotsa taolo ea libaka tsa pele tse neng li ka ba bohlokoa bakeng sa sepheo-se lekaneng ts'ebetso.

Ha basebelisi ba nang le tloaelo e phahameng ea ho lemalla ts'ebeliso ea cybersex ba khelohile morerong o akaretsang oa mosebetsi oa ho etsa lintho tse ngata tse ngata joalo ka ha ba sa kopane, ha baa ka ba "khangoa" ke litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Sebakeng seo, ho ne ho e-na le kamano e hlophisitsoeng pakeng tsa ts'ebeliso ea litefiso tse peli le tšekamelo ea ho lemalla ts'ebeliso ea cybersex. Ho bile le phello e nyane e bonts'ang hore basebelisi ba nang le matšoao a eketsehileng a bokhoba ba cybersex mohlomong ba ne ba rata ho sebelisa kapa ho shebella litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso.

Sephetho sena se ka tšohloa mabapi le khopolo ea ho atamela le tšusumetso ea ho qoba (Elliot, 1999, 2006). Khothatso ea ho atamela ketsahalo e nahanoa hore e khannoa ke tebello ea litlamorao tse ntle (mohlala, moputso o potlakileng), ha ts'usumetso ea ho qoba ketsahalo e tsamaisoa ke tebello ea litlamorao tse mpe (mohlala, likotsi tse telele). Ka hona, ho lingoliloeng tse buang ka bokhoba ba lithethefatsi (mohlala, bokhoba ba tahi) ho boletsoe hore litekanyetso tsa bokhoba ba ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi li ka etsa hore motho a be le tšekamelo ea ho sebelisa tšebeliso le tšekamelo ea ho qoba tšebeliso.Breiner, Stritzke & Lang, 1999). Qeto ea ho qetela ea ho atamela kapa ho qoba ts'ebeliso e boleloa e latela boima ba motho ea lemaletseng joala hajoale a beha litholoana tse ntle le tse mpe tsa ts'ebeliso. Kahoo, motho a ka nahana hore basebelisi ba bang ba nang le tloaelo ea ho lemalla cybersex ba ile ba ea litšoantšong tsa bootsoa hobane ba beha boima ba bona litlamorao tse lebelletsoeng hanghang. Ho fapana le moo, ba bang ba ne ba qoba litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso hobane ba beha boima ba bona litlamorao tse mpe tse lebelletsoeng. Ka lehlakoreng la litlamorao tse ntle, ho tsosa takatso ea botona kapa botšehali ho ka bonoa e le tšusumetso e hlahelletseng. Ka lehlakoreng la litlamorao tse mpe motho a ka nka ba susumetsang ba latelang: Tebello ea tahlehelo ea taolo, tebello ea liphihlelo tse sa thabiseng tsa takatso, le tšabo ea ho fumanoa a le molato / ho hlahlojoa hampe ke moaki ka lebaka la tšebeliso e fetelletseng ea boitsebiso ba bootsoa.

Meeli e meng ea thuto ea hona joale e lokela ho boleloa. Taba ea mantlha, kaha thuto ea morao-rao le parate ea lintho tse ngata ha lia etsetsoa ho etsa lipatlisiso le mekhoa ea thibelo, lithuto tsa nako e tlang li tla hlokahala hore li qopitsole hape ho utloisise haholoanyane mokhoa o bonts'itsoeng khahlanong le tšohanyetso. Taba ea bobeli, BST ke mosebetsi o mocha. Le ha e bonahala e na le sefahleho se nepileng sa ho lekola tlhahlobo, datha e matlafatsang e tla hlokahala ho netefatsa mohopolo ona. Taba ea boraro, ho bokelloa ha lipatlisiso hona joale e kanna ea eba le khethollo hobane ho boletsoe ka ho hlaka hore thuto e mabapi le taba ena ebile e kenyelletsa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.

QETELLO

Liphello tsa lipatlisiso tsa morao-rao li shebana le karolo ea mesebetsi ea taolo ea batsamaisi, ke hore e sebetsana le mokhatlo oa prefrontal cortex, bakeng sa nts'etsopele le tlhokomelo ea bothata ba ho sebelisa li-cybersex ka bothata (joalokaha ho hlalositsoe ke Brand et al., 2014). Haholo-holo bokhoni bo fokotsehileng ba ho shebella tšebeliso le ho fetoha pakeng tsa lisebelisoa tsa bootsoa le litaba tse ling ka sepheo se lekaneng e ka ba mochine o le mong ho ntlafatseng le ho bolokeng temallo ea cybersex. Sena se bonahala e le joalo haholo bathong ba nang le matšoao a phahameng a kelello a ba pepesetsang ts'ebetsong temallo ea cybersex.

Tlhaloso ea lithuso

Mehloli ea lichelete: Ha ho letho le phatlalalitsoeng.

Mongolo o botlaaseng ba leqephe

Menehelo ea bangoli: JS, CL, le MB li qapile boithuto le tlhaiso-leseling ea data. Ho bokelloa ha pokello ea data. JS e entse tlhahlobo ea lipalopalo, CL le MB li tšehelitse ho hlalosoa ha liphetho. JS o ngotse buka e ngotsoeng ka letsoho, CL le MB ho hlahloba moqapi oa letsoho mme a fana ka maikutlo.

 

Khohlano ea thahasello: Bangoli ba phatlalatsa hore ha ho na likhohlano tsa thahasello.

Boitsebiso ba bafani

JOHANNES SCHIEBENER, 1Lefapha la Psychology ea Kakaretso: Kelello, Univesithi ea Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Jeremane.

KRESTE LAIER, 1Lefapha la Psychology ea Kakaretso: Kelello, Univesithi ea Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Jeremane.

Matthias BRAND, 1Lefapha la Psychology ea Kakaretso: Kelello, Univesithi ea Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Jeremane. 2Erwin L. Hahn Setsi sa Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Jeremane.

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