Maikutlo: E ngotsoe ho 2008, pele lithuto tse 'maloa li tiisa hore liphetoho tsa boko li etsahala ho Marang-rang / bapalami ba lipapali tse tšoanang tse bonoang bokong ba makhoba a lithethefatsi.
Sehlophisi | Hlakubele 01, 2008
Litaba tsa DSM-V: Tlatsetso ea Marang-rang
Jerald J. Block
Ke J Psychiatry 2008; 165: 306-307. Doi: 10.1176 / appi.ajp.2007.07101556
Bokhoba ba marang-rang bo bonahala e le bokuli bo tloaelehileng bo lokelang ho kenyelletsoa ho DSM-V. Ka mokhoa o makatsang, ts'oaetso ke ts'oaetso e qobelloang-e sa qobelloang e sebelisang marang-rang le / kapa tšebeliso ea kantle ho khomphutha (1, 2) mme e na le bonyane litaba tse tharo tse tlase: papali e feteletseng, lithahasello tsa thobalano, le melaetsa ea e-mail / melaetsa (3). Tsohle tse fapaneng li arolelana likarolo tse latelang tse 'ne: 1) ts'ebeliso e feteletseng, hangata e amanang le ho lahleheloa ke maikutlo a nako kapa ho se tsotelle ho khanna hoa mantlha, 2) ho kenyelletsa, ho kenyelletsa maikutlo a khalefo, tsitsipano le / kapa khatello ea maikutlo ha khomphutha e le mamello e sa sebetseng, 3), ho kenyelletsa tlhoko ea lisebelisoa tse ntle tsa khomphutha, software e eketsehileng, kapa tšebeliso ea lihora tse ngata, le 4) liphihlelo tse mpe, ho kenyelletsa mabaka, ho bua leshano, ho se fihle hantle, ho itšehla thajana, le ho tepella (3, 4).
Patlisiso e ngoe e khahlisang haholo mabapi le bokhoba ba marang-rang e phatlalalitsoe Korea Boroa. Kamora hore ho be le letoto la lipolao tse amanang le lefu la pelo tsa 10 li-cafe tsa inthanete (5) le polao e amanang le papali (6), Korea Boroa e nka tlhekefetso ea inthanete e le e 'ngoe ea litaba tsa eona tsa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba (7). E sebelisa data e tsoang ho 2006, mmuso oa Korea Boroa o hakanyetsa hore bana ba ka bang 210,000 Korea Boroa (2.1%; lilemo 6-19) ba mahlomoleng 'me ba hloka kalafo (5). Mabapi le 80% ea ba hlokang kalafo ba ka hloka meriana ea psychotropic, mme mohlomong 20% ho 24% e hloka ho kena sepetlele (7).
Kaha moithuti ea tloaelehileng oa sekolo se phahameng sa Korea Boroa o qeta lihora tse ka bang 23 beke le beke ea lipapali (8), ba limilione tse ling tsa 1.2 ho lumeloa hore ba kotsing ea ho lemalla le ho hloka tlhabollo ea mantlha. Haholo-holo, litsebi tsa bongaka li tšoenyeha ka palo e ntseng e eketseha ea batho ba tlohelang sekolo kapa ba sebetsang ho qeta nako ka har'a likhomphutha (5). Ho tloha ka Phuptjane 2007, Korea Boroa e koetlisitse baeletsi ba 1,043 kalafong ea bokhoba ba marang-rang le ho ingolisa ho feta lipetlele tsa 190 le litsi tsa kalafo (7). Mehato ea thibelo e se e hlahisoa likolong (9).
China le eona e amehile haholo ka lefu lena. Sebokeng sa morao-rao, Tao Ran, Ph.D., Motsamaisi oa Phekolo ea Bokhoba ba Bongaka Sepetleleng sa Lebotho la Sesole sa Beijing, o tlalehile 13.7% ea basebelisi ba Machaena ba lilemong tsa bocha ba fumanang litekanyetso tsa tlhahlobo ea inthanete tse mabapi le bacha ba limilione tse 10. Ka lebaka leo, ho 2007 China e ile ea qala ho thibela ts'ebeliso ea papali ea komporo; melao ea hona joale e nyahamisa ho feta lihora tsa 3 tsa tšebeliso ea papali ea letsatsi le letsatsi (10).
United States, likhakanyo tse nepahetseng tsa tšoaetso ea lefu lena lia fokola (11, 12). Ho fapana le Asia, moo ho rekisoang li-cafe tsa inthanete khafetsa, lipapaling tsa United States le ho kopanela liphate ho fumanehang lapeng ho fumaneha lapeng. Boiteko ba ho lekanya ntho ena bo felletsoe ke lihlong, ho hana, le ho fokotsoa (3). Taba eo e boetse e thatafatsoa ke comorbidity. Mabapi le 86% ea linyeoe tsa ho lemalla Inthanete li na le tlhahlobo e 'ngoe ea DSM-IV e teng. Phuputsong e le 'ngoe, mokuli ea tloaelehileng o ne a e-na le 1.5 ea ho hlahloba tse ling (7). United States, bakuli ba teng feela ka maemo a (comorbid) maemo. Kahoo, ntle le haeba setsebi sa marang-rang se batla lithethefatsi tsa inthanete ka ho khetheha, ho ke ke ha khoneha hore se fumanoe (3). Leha ho le joalo Asia, litsebi tsa bongaka li rutoa ho e hlahloba.
Leha ho na le phapang ea setso, litlhaloso tsa linyeoe tsa rona li ts'oana le tsa basebetsi-'moho le rona ba Asia (8, 13-15), 'me ho bonahala re sebetsana le bothata bo tšoanang. Ka bomalimabe, bokhoba ba marang-rang bo hanela kalafo, bo na le likotsi tse kholo (16), mme e na le litheko tse phahameng tsa ho khutla. Ho feta moo, e boetse e etsa hore mathata a comorbid a se ke a arabela kalafo (3).
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Ikopanye le mangolo le likopo tsa ho hatisa ho Dr. Block, 1314 Northwest Irving St., Suite 508, Portland, OR 97209; [imeile e sirelelitsoe] (imeile). Sehlophisi se amohetsoe ho phatlalatsoa November 2007 (doi: 10.1176 / appi.ajp.2007.07101556).
Dr. block o na le tokelo ea theknoloji e ka sebelisoang ho thibela ts'ebeliso ea komporo. Ngaka Freedman o lekotse khatiso ena mme ha a fumane bopaki ba tšusumetso kamanong ena.
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