ETSAHALA: 10.1080 / 00224499.2016.1142496
maqephe 560-577
- E phatlalalitsoe marang-rang: 15 Mar 2016
inahaneloang
Ho kopanela liphate ke eng? Ho utloisisa sebopeho se tsoang ponong ea nalane
Matšoenyeho mabapi le litaba tsa phatlalatso a bontšang hore basali ba etsang thobalano ha ba bacha ebile e bile nyeliso e hlahelletseng ka har'a tlhahlobo ea bong le bophatlalatsi ho tloha ha 1970s (mohlala, Busby, 1975). Ka har'a mosebetsi ona, boitlamo ba thobalano bo hlalositsoe ka mekhoa e mengata. Ho latela tlhaloso e 'ngoe,
Mokhoa ona o mabapi le maikutlo a thobalano a litaba o fetohile lilemong tsa morao tsa 1990 ha ho hlahisoa likhopolo tse ncha le mehato e mecha. Ha ba sheba likhopolo-taba tse teng tsa kelello le tsa basali, lihlopha tse peli tse fapaneng tsa lipatlisiso li ile tsa leka ho supa le ho rarolla hore na ho ba le setso se ikemetseng ka thobalano ho ka ama banana le basali joang. Sehlopha se seng e ne e le Nita McKinley le Janet Hyde. Ho 1996 ba phatlalalitse sengoloa se ntlafalitseng le ho netefatsa tekanyo ea tlhahlobo ea kelello ea 'mele (OBC), e buang ka boiphihlelo ba basali ba' mele e le ntho le litumelo tse tšehetsang boiphihlelo bona. Ho latela McKinley le Hyde (1996):
Bokapele ba boitlamo ba thobalano ho litaba tsa Media: Leraba
Litlamorao tsa Thobalano ka Thobalano
Mekhoa ea Patlisiso e Ntle
Makeup ea Lithuto
Tlhahlobo ea ka ea tšimo e hlahisitse lingoliloeng tsa 109 tse nang le lithuto tsa 135. Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe Setšoantšo sa 1, lithuto tsena li qalile ka nako e felletseng ho tloha 1995 ho isa 2015. Leha ho le joalo, bongata ba lithuto (113 ea 135, kapa 84%) li ile tsa phatlalatsoa ka 2008 kapa hamorao, kamora hore 2007 e lokolloe Tlaleho ea Mosebetsi oa Qeto ea APA. Ho belaela ha ka ke hore tlaleho ena ea APA e sebelitse e le sesosa 'me e thusitse ho lebisa tlhokomelo ho taba, ka kakaretso, le mefokolo mosebetsing o seng o le teng, ka kotloloho. Lithuto tsa 135 li emela likhalemelo tse ngata, ho kenyelletsa psychology ea sechaba, puisano, lithuto tsa basali, thuto ea sechaba, bophelo bo botle ba sechaba, neuroscience, le psychology ea nts'etsopele. Ho joalo, likhatiso tsa 109 (tse tšoailoeng ke asterisk ho litšupiso) li hlahile likoranteng tse fapaneng tsa 40, ho bontša hore thahasello ea makasine ena e pharaletse.
Mabapi le mehlala e teng liphuputsong tsena, litlolo li emela thuto e tloaelehileng ea psychology, e itšetlehileng haholo ka matamo a thuto ea pele ho thuto eo boholo ba eona e leng White, Western le ba rutehileng haholo (Henrich, Heine, & Norenzayan,2010). Ho ne ho na le disampole tsa 137 ka har'a lithuto tsena tsa 135 (lithuto tse peli li ile tsa leka liteko tsa bobeli ba sekolo se phahameng le k'holejeng). Litlhaloso tsa barupeluoa li fanoe ka Lethathamo 1. Mabapi le lilemo tse nkang karolo, boholo ba barupeluoa e ne e le liithuti tsa pele tsa sekolo, tse nang le palo e lekanang ea bacha (hangata baithuti ba sekolo se phahameng) le batho ba baholo. Ke lithuto tse hlano feela tse ileng tsa leka bana. Hape, e lekana leibole la WEIRD (ke hore, Bophirimela, barutehi, indasteri, barui, le demokrasi) bakeng sa lipatlisiso tsa kelello (Henrich et al., 2010), liphumano li bonts'a hore lithuto tsohle empa e le 'ngoe li tsoa lichabeng tsa Bophirimela,' me boholo ba tsona bo tsoa United States (lithuto tsa 88, kapa 64%). Ka har'a disampole tsa 88 tse tsoang United States, kaofela ntle le tse robong ba ne ba e-na le sampole e tšoeu e ngata (e fetang 55% White). Mehlala ena e robong e fapaneng e ne e khahla empa e kanna ea ba litlamorao tsa libaka tseo ho entsoeng lipatlisiso ho tsona (mohlala, Southern California, Northern California), hobane morabe o ne o sa atise ho ba karolo ea lithuto tsa thuto ena. Phuputso e le 'ngoe feela ea tsena tse robong (Gordon, 2008) e shebile mohlala o fokolang oa morabe o mong. Kahoo, lintlha tse fumanoeng lefapheng lena li thehiloe haholo liphihlelong tsa baithuti ba White ba pele United States.
Tafole ea 1. Palo ea baahi ea Mehlala ea 137 Kahare ho Lithuto tsa Media le Thobalano tse 135
Na ho pepesetsoa mecha ea litaba e amanang le thobalano e ama tsela eo batho ba iponang ka eona?
Ho Iketsa
Ho se khotsofalle mmele
Bophelo bo Botle ba ho Kopanela Liphate le Kamano
Na ho pepesehela litaba tse amanang le thobalano ho ama rona litaba tsa rona?
Ts'ebetso ea Kelello
Mekhoa ea Litšobotsi ea Batho ba Ikemetseng
Boikutlo le Bofebe
Tlhekefetso ea Media le Pefo ea Thobalano
Litlhahiso Bakeng sa Litataiso tsa Nako e Tlang
Mefuta e Monyane ea Morabe
Mefuta ea Media
Litlhaloso tsa Phatlalatso ea Media le Stimuli ea Media
Barekisi ba ka bang teng le baokameli
Boemo ba Nako le Boiketlo ba Sechaba
Litlamorao ho bophelo bo botle ba thobalano le mosebetsi
Tekanyetso e lekanang ea Tekanyo
Meta-Analysis
Terminology
fihlela qeto e
Lintho tse tlatsetsang
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