Tlhahlobo e Hlophisitsoeng le Meta-Ho hlahlojoa ha Likokoana-hloko tsa Likotsi Tse Kotsing Tsa ho Kopanela Liphate K'holejeng le Liithuti Tsa Univesithi Ethiopia, 2018 (2019)

Journal of Environmental and Public Health
Buka ea 2019, sengoloa sa ID 4852130, maqephe a 8
https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4852130

Tadele Amare
, 1 Tebikew Yeneabat, 2 le Yohannes Amare3

1Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine le Science Science, Univesithi ea Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
2Depheo la Midwifery, K'holejeng ea Saense ea Bophelo, Univesithi ea Debre Markos, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
3Depheo la Bongaka ba kahare, K'holejeng ea Bongaka le Saense ea Bophelo, Univesithi ea Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

inahaneloang

Semelo. Kotsi ea bophelo bo botle ba thobalano e hlaha ka ho qaleha ha thobalano e sa sireletsehang ea thobalano, haholo hara bacha, mme e tsoela pele ha feela lintho tse kotsi li ntse li etsoa. Ka hona, tlhahlobo e hlophisehileng le tlhahlobo ea meta ea mafu a boitšoaro bo bobe ba botona le botšehali ho baithuti ba koleche le ba univesithing naheng ea Ethiopia ke tlamo.

Mekhoa. Re ile ra etsa lipatlisiso tse batsi tsa lingoliloeng joalokaha ho bontšitsoe tataisong ea ho tlaleha tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoeng le tlhahlobo ea meta (PRISMA). Litaba tse kang PubMed, Global Health, Afrika-wides, patlo ea Google esale pele, Scopus, le EMBASE li ile tsa fumaneha bakeng sa lipatlisiso tsa lingoliloeng. Phello e hakantsoeng ea pherekano ea boits'oaro bo kotsi ba thobalano le lintlha tse amanang le eona li ile tsa hlahlojoa ka ho sebelisa tlhahlobo-leseling ea litlamorao tsa meta-X le 95% CI le eona e anngoe. Nomoro ea ngoliso ea PROSPERO ke CRD42018109277.

Sephetho. Kakaretso ea lithuto tsa 18 le barupeluoa ba 10,218 li ne li kenyellelitsoe tlhahlobisong ena ea meta. Keketseho e hakanyetsoang ea boitšoaro bo kotsi ba thobalano ho baithuti ba koleche le univesithi e ne e le 41.62%. Ho ba monna [OR: 2.35, e nang le 95% (CI; 1.20, 4.59)], tšebeliso ea joala [OR: 2.68, e nang le 95% CI; (1.67, 4.33)] le ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa [KAPA: 4.74, e nang le 95% CI; (3.21, 7.00)] li ne li amana hantle le boits'oaro bo kotsi ba thobalano.

Qeto le tlhahiso. Boitšoaro bo kotsi ba thobalano har'a baithuti bo ne bo le holimo. Litsi tsa thuto li lokela ho fana ka tlhokomelo e khethehileng bakeng sa bong ba banna, basebelisi ba joala, le baithuti ba shebang litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.

1. Selelekela

Boitšoaro bo kotsi ba thobalano bo hlalosoa e le ts'ireletso ea botona kapa ea botšehali e sa sirelng (1]. Kotsi ea bophelo bo botle ba thobalano e hlaha ka ho qaleha ha thobalano e sa bolokehang, haholo bathong ba lilemong tsa bocha, mme e ntse e tsoela pele ha feela lintho tse kotsi li etsoa. ​​Lefatšeng ka bophara, 14,000 ka letsatsi e sa tsoa tšoaetsoa ke HIV, ho feta 95% linaha tse ntseng li tsoela pele ka lebaka la boitšoaro bo kotsi ba thobalano [2].

Lefatsheng ka bophara, le Afrika, lefu la bongoana le amanang le bongoana har'a bacha le ntse le eketseha [3].

Lintho tse eketsang tlokotsi ea bacha ho tšoaetso li kenyelletsa bofuma, khaello ea matla likamanong tsa thobalano, pefo, litloaelo tsa moetlo tse kang lenyalo la pejana le litloaelo tse mpe tsa thobalano, le karohano ea bong. Sephetho se seng ke mofuta oa likamano tsa thobalano, moo basali kapa banana ba fapanyetsanang thobalano ka chelete, thuto ea sekolo, lijo, kapa matlo [2, 4].

Bokapele ba boitšoaro bo kotsi ba thobalano ho baithuti ba koleche le univesithi e ne e le 26% naheng ea Uganda [5], 63% Nigeria [6], and 63.9% in Botswana [7].

Mabaka a boitšoaro bo kotsi ba thobalano e ne e le thabo, bohelehele, tšusumetso ea lithaka, le molemo oa lichelete [8, 9]. Hoo e ka bang limilione tse 19 tsa STI tse ncha li etsahala selemo se seng le se seng: halofo ea bacha ba lilemo li 15 ho 24. Hoo e ka bang bacha ba 750,000 ba ima selemo se seng le se seng [10]. Nako ea bongoana ea bohlano ba thobalano e ntse e lebisa ho mekhoa e mengata ea likotsi, e nang le khatello ea maikutlo, ho hloka ts'ebeliso ea likhohlopo, joala le tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi [11]. Liphetoho tsa boitšoaro bo kotsi ba thobalano boimana bo sa lebelloang, ts'oaetso e tšoaetsanoang ka thobalano, bokuli ba kelello, ho ipolaea, ho ntša mpa le ho tlohela kapa ho lelekoa [12, 13].

Lintho tse amanang le boitšoaro bo kotsi ba thobalano li ne li nooa joala [14, 15], ho ba monna [16], khatello ea lithaka [17, 18], le bofutsana [18].

Leha liithuti tsa koleche le univesithi li le nakong e mahlonoko bakeng sa ts'oaetso ea boitšoaro bo botle ba thobalano, ho sa ntse ho fanoa ka tlhokomelo e nyane. Ka hona, tekanyo ea keketseho e atileng le lintho tse amanang le eona thobalanong e kotsi ea thobalano e bohlokoa.
2. Mekhoa

Re ile ra etsa lipatlisiso tse batsi tsa lingoliloeng joalokaha ho bontšitsoe tataisong ea ho tlaleha tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoeng le tlhahlobo ea meta (PRISMA) [19]. Litaba tse kang PubMed, Global Health, Afrika-wides, patlo ea Google esale pele, Scopus, le EMBASE li ile tsa fumaneha bakeng sa lipatlisiso tsa lingoliloeng. Re ile ra etsa patlo ea rona ho PubMed ka ho sebelisa mantsoe le mantsoe a latelang: “ho ata ha lefu la lefu lena kapa maqhubu a OR HONA liketsahalo le likotsi tsa thobalano tse seng kotsi kapa boitšoaro bo amanang le lintho tse ling tse amanang le bona. KAPA baithuti kapa baithuti le baEthiopia kapa Moethiopia. ”Bakeng sa litlhafatso tse ling, re sebelisitse lihlooho tse ikhethang e le ho eletsa tlhaiso-leseling e ngoe. Ntle le moo, ho fumana lingoliloeng tse ling tse amanang, re ile ra batla mananeo a litšupiso tsa lingoliloeng tse tšoanelehang (Setšoantšo sa 1).
Setšoantšo sa 1: Chate ea flow e bontšang hore na lingoloa tsa lipatlisiso li batlile joang, 2018.
2.1. Litekanyetso tse nepahetseng

Bahlahlobisisi ba babeli (TA le TY) ba ile ba lekola lingoloa tse amehang ba sebelisa sehlooho le litabatabelo tsa bona pele ba fumana lingoliloeng tse ngotsoeng ka botlalo. Lingoloang tse fumanehang ka botlalo li ile tsa hlahlojoa ho ea ka mokhoa o hlalositsoeng oa ho kenyelletsa le ho khetholla. Ho qoba khetho ea leeme, lenane la tlhahlobo ea Joanna Briggs Institute bakeng sa litlhahlobo tse hlophisitsoeng le lipatlisiso tsa lipatlisiso, le ileng la fuoa lintlha tse robong ho tse leshome le motso o mong [20]. Re rarolla likhohlano ka ho buisana le mohlahlobi oa boraro (YA).
2.1.1. Mekhoa ea ho kenyelletsa

Boithuto ba moralo oa lithuto tsa mofuta oa baithuti ba liithuti tsa koleche le univesithi Sengoloa se phatlalalitsoeng ka puo ea Senyesemane Lithuto tse tlalehileng boholo ba boits'oaro bo kotsing ba ho ba le thobalano ho baithuti ba koleche le ba univesithi Lithuto tse entsoeng ho la ithuta la Ethiopia selemo sa Pherekhong, 2009 ho fihlela Phato
2.1.2. Litekanyetso tsa Khethollo

Lingolo, litekolo, le lithuto tsa machabeng le lithuto tse phetoang li ne li sa kenyelletsoe ka thoko.
2.2. Mekhoa ea Tlhatlhobo ea Boitsebiso le Tlhahlobo ea Boleng

Re sebelisitse foromo e lekanang ea ho kenyelletsa data ho fumana lithuto lithutong tse bonts'itsoeng. Tlhahisoleseling e latelang e hlahisitsoe bakeng sa thuto ka 'ngoe e kenyellelitsoeng: lebitso la mongoli oa pele, letsatsi la phatlalatso, moralo oa ho ithuta, lintlha tse amanang, boholo ba sampole, litlhophiso tsa ho ithuta, li-confounders tse fetotsoeng bakeng sa khakanyo ea kotsi (OR), le karohano ea kholiseho ea 95%. Ho ntšoa ha data ho tsoa litokomaneng tsa mohloli ho entsoe ka boikemelo ke bafuputsi ba bararo. Liqabang li ile tsa rarolloa ka tumellano.

Boleng ba lithuto tse kenyelelitsoeng bo ile ba hlahlojoa ka ho sebelisa Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) [21]. Moemeli oa mohlala le boholo, papiso lipakeng tsa barupeluoa, litšoantšo tsa boitšoaro bo kotsi ba thobalano le boleng ba lipalo e ne e le likarolo tsa ts'ebeliso ea NOS ho lekola boleng ba thuto ka 'ngoe. Tumellano ea 'nete le tumellano e fetang monyetla (Kappa ea se nang boima) li ile tsa sebelisoa ho lekola tumellano har'a bahlahlobisisi ba bararo. Re nka boleng 0 e le tumellano e mpe, 0.01-0.20 e le tumellano e fokolang, 0.21-0.40 e le tumellano e loketseng, 0.41-0.60 e le tumellano e lekanang, 0.61-0.80 e le tumellano e kholo, le 0.81-1.00 joalo ka tumellano e phethahetseng [22]. Thutong ena, tumellano ea 'nete le tumellano e fetang monyetla e ne e le 0.82 e batlang e le tumellano e phethahetseng.
2.3. Synthesis ea Tlhahlobo le Tlhahlobo

Software ea STATA version14 e sebelisitsoe tlhahlobo ea meta le merero ea moru e bonts'itseng likhakanyo tse kopaneng le 95% CI. Keketseho e pharalletseng e koahetsoeng ka kakaretso e hakantsoe ke phello ea meta-analysis [23]. Heterogeneity e ile ea hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa lipalo tsa Q le lipalo tsa I2 [23]. Boholo ba li-heterogeneity tsa lipalo pakeng tsa lithuto li ile tsa hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa lipalo tsa I2 le boleng ba 25%, 50%, le 75% li ne li nkuoa li emela maemo a tlase, a mahareng le a phahameng ka tatellano [24]. Boitsebiso bona ba tlhahlobo, boleng ba lipalo tsa I2 e ne e le 97.1 ka

boleng ≤ 0.001 e bonts'itseng ho na le heterogeneity e phahameng. Ka hona, mokhoa oa tšohanyetso o sebelisitsoeng nakong ea tlhahlobo. Meta-regression e ile ea etsoa ho batla mohloli oa tsoalo ea heterogeneity. Re boetse ra etsa tlhahlobo ea maikutlo a boikemisetso ba ho tlohela motho a le mong ho lekola lithuto tsa bohlokoa tse fanang ka tšusumetso e kholo lipakeng tsa thuto ea thuto ea mahlale. Tlhahlobo ea phatlalatso e ile ea hlahlojoa ke sebopeho sa Funnel le tlhahlobo ea boemo ba Egger. Ho ne ho se na leeme.

Likarolo tsa lithuto: lithuto tsohle li entsoe ka Ethiopia. Moralo oa lipatlisiso tsohle o ne o le likarolo le likarolo tse leshome le metso e robeli li kenyelitsoe (Tafole 1).
Lethathamo la 1: Ho ata ha boitšoaro bo bobe ba botona le botšehali ho baithuti ba amanang le setheo, Ethiopia, 2018.
3. Sephetho

Kakaretso ea lithuto tsa 18 le barupeluoa ba 10,218 li kentsoe tlhahlobisong ena ea meta. Ho ea ka lingoliloeng tse fapaneng tsa Ethiopia, ho ata ha boitšoaro bo bobe ba thobalano ho tloha ho 23.3% ho isa ho 60.9%. Khakanyo e atileng ea boitšoaro bo bobe ba thobalano ho baithuti ba koleche le univesithi e ne e le 41.62% e nang le 95% CI (36.15, 47.10) (Setšoantšo sa 2).
Setšoantšo sa 2: Khakanyo e hakantsoeng ea ho ata ha boitšoaro bo bobe ba thobalano ho baithuti ba koleche le univesithi, naheng ea Ethiopia 2018.
3.1. Tlhatlhobo ea Subgroup ea Prevalence of Risky Sexual Behaeve in Student

Ho tsoa ho Figure 3 tlhatlhobo ea subgroup e entsoe ke setheo e le mohloli o ka khonehang oa heterogeneity lipakeng tsa koleche le yunivesithi. Khakanyo e atileng ea boitšoaro bo bobe ba thobalano ho baithuti ba koleche le univesithi e ne e le 40.65% le 42.12%, ka ho latellana.
Setšoantšo sa 3: Morero oa moru o hlahisang tlhaiso-leseling ea sehlotšoana sa khokahano ea likhakanyo tsa thobalano ho baithuti ba koleche le univesithing, naheng ea Ethiopia, 2018.
3.2. Phapang pakeng tsa bong le likamano tsa botona le botšehali tse kotsi

Ho tsoa ho Figure 4 kakaretso ea lingoloa tse supileng e kenyelelitsoe tlhahlobisong ena. Ho bile le kamano e kholo lipakeng tsa boitšoaro ba botona le botšehali bo kotsi. Ho ba monna e ne e le 2.35 [KAPA: 2.35, e nang le 95% (CI; 1.20, 4.59)] e na le menyetla e mengata ea ho etsa thobalano e kotsi ha e bapisoa le basali.
Setšoantšo sa 4: Morero oa moru o hlahisang boholo ba phello e sa reroang (OR) ea banna ba amanang le basali ka boits'oaro bo kotsing ba ho ba le thobalano ho baithuti ba koleche le univesithi naheng ea Ethiopia, 2018.
3.3. Tšebeliso ea Joala le Boitšoaro bo Kotsi ba ho Kopanela Liphate

Ho tloha ho Figure 5, ho ngotsoe lingoloa tse tharo ka tlhahlobisong ena. Batho ba tlalehileng ba anngoeng ke joala bakeng sa boits'oaro ba bona bo kotsi ba thobalano e ne e le 2.68 [OR: 2.68, e nang le 95% CI; (1.67, 4.33)] o na le menyetla e mengata ea ho etsa thobalano e kotsi.
Setšoantšo sa 5: Morero oa moru o hlahisang mofuta o sa lekanyetsoang oa tšebeliso ea tšebeliso e mpe (OR) ea tšebeliso ea joala e amanang le ts'ebeliso e sa nooang ea boits'oaro bo kotsing ea ho etsa thobalano le baithuti ba koleche le univesithing ea Ethiopia, 2018
3.4. Ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le ho itlosa bolutu ka tsa thobalano

Ho tsoa ho Figure 6 ho fumanoe lingoloa tse tharo. Batho ba neng ba shebelletse litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba ne ba le ka 5 [OR: 4.74, e nang le 95% CI; (3.21, 7.00)] a na le menyetla e mengata ea ho etsa thobalano e kotsi ho feta likarolo tse hanyetsanang.
Setšoantšo sa 6: Morero oa moru o hlahisang boholo ba phello e sa sebetseng (OR) ea ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tse amanang le ho se senole litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ka boits'oaro bo kotsi ba ho kopanela liphate ho baithuti ba koleche le univesithing ea Ethiopia, 2018.
4. Puisano

Thutong ena, ho kenyelelitsoe lingoliloeng tse leshome le metso e robeli. Ho lithuto tsena tse leshome le metso e 'meli e ne e le liithuti tsa univesithi athe tse tšeletseng li le liithuti tsa koleche. Ethiopia, ho ata ha boitšoaro bo bobe ba thobalano ho baithuti ba koleche le univesithi ho tloha 23.3% ho isa ho 60.9%. Khakanyo e atileng ea boitšoaro bo bobe ba botona le botšehali ho baithuti ba koleche le univesithi naheng ea Ethiopia e ne e le 40.65% (28.99, 52.30) le 42.41% (35.68, 48.57), ka ho latellana. Keketseho e akaretsang ea kakaretso ea boitšoaro bo bobe ba thobalano e ne e le 41.62% (36.45, 47.10). Phumano ena e ne e le tlase ho feta thuto e entsoeng Nigeria [6] le Botswana [7]. Leha ho le joalo, sepheo sena se ne se phahame ho feta thuto e entsoeng Uganda [5]. Phapang e kanna ea ba mohlala sampole (naheng ea Uganda, mohlala oa sampole e ne e le 261 e neng e le nyane).

Lintlha tse amanang le boitšoaro bo kotsi ba thobalano har'a baithuti ba koleche ea Ethiopia le ba univesithi li ne li le banna e ne e le 2.35 [OR: 2.35, le 95% (CI; 1.20, 4.59)] makhetlo a mangata a ho etsa ts'ebetso ea thobalano e kotsi ha e bapisoa le ea basali e tšehelitsoeng ke [16]. Batho ba tlalehileng ba anngoeng ke joala bakeng sa boits'oaro ba bona bo kotsi ba thobalano e ne e le 2.68 [OR: 2.68, e nang le 95% CI; (1.67, 4.33)] o na le menyetla e mengata ea ho etsa thobalano e kotsi e neng e tšehelitsoe ke [14, 15]. Ho shebella litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro le hona e ne e le lintho tse ka ipehang kotsing ea boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate. Sena e kanna ea ba ho shebella litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ho eketsa tšusumetso ea takatso ea thobalano.
5. Sephetho le Keletso

Boitšoaro bo kotsi ba thobalano har'a baithuti bo ne bo le holimo. Litsi tsa thuto li lokela ho fana ka tlhokomelo e khethehileng bakeng sa bong ba banna, basebelisi ba joala, le baithuti ba shebang litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.
Likhohlano tsa Thahasello

Bangoli ba phatlalalitse hore ha ho na likhohlano tsa phaello.
'Menehelo ea Bangoli

TA le TY ba ile ba lekola lingoloa tse loketseng ba sebelisa lihlooho tsa bona le litlolo tsa bona pele ba fumana lingoliloeng tse ngotsoeng ka botlalo. Lingoloang tse fumanehang ka botlalo li ile tsa hlahlojoa ho ea ka mokhoa o hlalositsoeng oa ho kenyelletsa le ho khetholla. Bangoli ba ile ba rarolla likhohlano ka ho buisana le mohlahlobi oa boraro oa YA.
lumela hore baa fokola

Bangoli ba ka rata ho leboha lingoli tsohle tsa pampiri ea lipatlisiso e kenyellelitsoeng tlhahlobisong ena e hlophisitsoeng le tlhaiso ea meta.
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