Ho imeloa kelellong ho matla ho fetola ketso ea CRF nucleus accumbens ho tloha ho takatso ea matla ho hlasela (2012)

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Tlhaho (2012) doi: 10.1038 / nature11436

E amohetse 13 May 2011Pubria inthaneteng 19 September 2012

Julia C. Lemos, Matthew J. Wanat, Jeffery S. Smith, Beverly AS Reyes, Nick G. Hollon, Elisabeth J. Van Bockstaele, Charles Chavkin  & Paul EM Phillips

Ba sithabetsang maikutlo ba hlohlelletsa letoto la likarabo tse lumellanang ho tloha ho 'ntoa kapa ho fofa' ho ea ho letšoao le potlakileng la kahare le thusang lipheo tsa nako e telele1. Leha ho le joalo, khatello e sithabetsang kapa e sa laoleheng e sa laoleheng e khothaletsa ho qala ha khatello e kholo ea khatello ea maikutlo, eo ho eona khatello ea maikutlo e matla e lahlehelang thepa ea bona e susumetsang mme e nkuoa e le litšitiso tse ke keng tsa mamelloa.2. Ka lebaka leo, khatello ea maikutlo e bakang khatello ea maikutlo ke boemo bo fokolisang ba motho bo khetholloang ka ho fetoha hoa tikoloho ho e tlosoa3. Karolo e hlahang ea methapo ea kutlo ea khatello ea maikutlo le ts'ebetso e amanang le eona ke methapo e bokellaneng, sebaka se nang le karohano ea likarabo tse fapaneng tsa likarabelo ka ho fapanyetsana maoto le matsoho4. Mona re tlaleha hore corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), e bitsoang neuropeptide e lokollotsoe ka lebaka la khatello ea maikutlo e matla5 le tse ling tse tsosang takatso ea tikoloho6, e sebetsa ho bokellaneng ba litoeba tse sa nahaneng ho eketsa tlhahiso ea dopamine ka ho kopanya li-receptors CRFR1 le CRFR2. Ho makatsang ke hore ho pepesetsoa khatello ea maikutlo haholo ho felisitse phello ena ntle le ho hlaphoheloa bonyane matsatsi a 90. Tahlehelo ena ea matla a CRF ea ho laola ho lokolloa ha dopamine ka har'a li-nucleus bokellitsoeng e tsamaea le phetoho ea ho arabela ha CRF ho tloha ho takatso ea lijo ho ea ho tse ling, e bontšang phetoho ea diametric karabelong ea maikutlo ho khatello ea maikutlo. Kahoo, liphumano tsa hajoale li fana ka karolo ea tlhaho ea phetoho e bohareng ba khatello ea maikutlo mafu a sithabetsang.

 


 

Khatello ea maikutlo le khatello ea maikutlo tse amanang le bokong

Bo-rasaense ba nkile mohato o moholo oa ho rarolla selotho se telele, ba tseba tsela ea bohlokoa ea limolek'hule tse tsoang khatello ea kelello ho ho tepella maikutlong hona.

Ha ho makatse hore ebe liketsahalo tse sithabetsang tsa bophelo hangata li tla pele ho liketsahalo tsa khatello e kholo ea maikutlo. Empa se ka u makatsang ke hore, ka kakaretso, bo-rasaense ha ba na kutloisiso e fokolang ea hore na hantlentle hobaneng ho le joalo.

Boithuto bona bo bocha bo entsoeng ka litoeba le bo phatlalalitsoeng bekeng ena koranteng ea Nature bo etsa tsoelo-pele e kholo ho fihlela sepheo seo. Bafuputsi, ba tsoang ho University of Washington, e tšoaileng khokahano e lahlehileng: peptide e bitsoang corticotropin-releasing factor, kapa CRF. CRF, ba fumane, e bapala karolo e khahlisang sebakeng sa boko se bitsoang li-nucleus accumbens, e leng sebaka se tsebahalang ka karolo ea sona ho susumetso, boithabisong le boits'oarong ba sechaba.

Ka tloaelo, lits'oaetso tse supang boko bokong bo sebetsa joalo ka sena: Ha ho etsahala ntho e thabisang kapa e susumetsang, e kang ho kena tikolohong e ncha kapa ho fumana toy e ncha eo u ka bapalang le eona, CRF e fihla ebe e tlama ho receptor. Sena se baka keketseho ea tokollo ea dopamine-neurotransmitter e etsang karolo e kholo ho o etsa hore o ikutloe o putse kapa o khahliloe ke ho hong ho khahlisang tikolohong ea hau.

Bafuputsi ba bonts'itse sena ka moralo o tloaelehileng oa liteko o bitsoang "khetho ea sebaka se hlophisitsoeng." Ba kenya toeba ho se seng sa lihokelo tse peli tse hoketsoeng 'me ba kenya khubung ea eona e bokellanang le CRF. Eaba bafuputsi ba fetisetsa toeba ka hokong e 'ngoe,' me ba kenya li-nucleus tsa bona ka Placebo mokelikeli. Kamora moo, ba tlohela toeba hore e ikhethele lelapeng lefe. Haeba CRF e ne e lebisa ho lokolloeng ha dopamine - mme ka hona ea ba le maikutlo a matla a moputso - toeba e lokela ho khetha lesaka moo e amohetseng CRF, leha bonneteng masaka a ts'oana. Ke sona seo ba ileng ba se fumana.

Bo-rasaense ba ile ba etsa teko ea mantlha: Ba hatella liphoofolo ka ho li qobella ho sesa ka makhetlo a mangata ka nako ea matsatsi a mabeli, e bonts'itsoeng nakong e fetileng hore e se ke ea ba khatello feela empa ea etsa hore litoeba li be le matšoao a ho tepella maikutlong hona. Eaba ba leka bokhoni ba CRF ho etsa hore dopamine e lokolloe bokong ba litoeba tse hatelletsoeng.

Ka mokhoa o makatsang, ba fumane hore phello e felile ka botlalo: CRF ha e sa na le tšusumetso ho lokolloa ha dopamine kamora khatello ea maikutlo. Ha e le hantle, ha bo-ramahlale ba pheta tlhahlobo ea likhomo, ba fumane hore ha e le hantle CRF e entse hore litoeba li batle ho qeta nako e kaalo mokotleng, ho bolelang hore molek'hule e hlile e fetohile mokoallo. Matla a nkile matsatsi a fetang a 90, a fana ka maikutlo a hore a supa nako e telele ea lefu la khatello ea maikutlo.

Ka mantsoe a mang, Cascade ea lik'hemik'hale eo hangata e u thabisang e ne e sotiloe hore eu utloise bohloko.