Ukuphazamiseka kwephepha elithi "isikhundla seqela" elichasayo noonomdla kunye noxhatshazo ngokwesini (ngoNovemba, 2017)

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intshayelelo

Ekuqaleni kukaNovemba, i-2017 imibutho emithathu ye-kink engenzi nzuzo (iZiko lezoBuni obufanelekileyo, uMdibaniso weSizwe weNkululeko yezeSondo, kunye ne-Alternative Sexualities Health Research Alliance) ikhuphe iphepha lesikhundla seqela "elichasayo imodeli yokulutha ngokumalunga nokuziphatha rhoqo ngokwesondo kunye nokubukela iphonografi. .” Ushicilelo lwamaqela, Ingxelo yesikhundla echasene nesondo / imodeli yokulutha iphonografi, bachaza izizathu zabo:

"Le mibutho icaphula ingxelo ye-AASECT njengenye yezizathu zengxelo yabo edibeneyo, kunye nokucaphula izifundo ezininzi zesayensi ezikhabayo imodeli yokulutha ngokunxulumene nokuziphatha ngokwesondo."

Ngokuchaseneyo nale ngxelo ye-PR, akukho “zifundo zenzululwazi ezikhabayo imodeli yokukhotyokiswa,” kwaye isibhengezo se-ASSECT asibonelelanga ngezifundo zokuxhasa okwaso. Ngokuphathelele ukubhengezwa kwemibutho emi-3, bonke "ubungqina" babo (esibujonga ngezantsi) bupakishwe kule PDF iluncedo: Umlutha wePorn / iNgxelo yeSimo seSini.

Sikrokrela esona sizathu siphambili solunye ubudlelwane boluntu (njengoko bekunjalo nge-AASECT) kukuba ushicilelo oluzayo loMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi wencwadana yokuxilongwa, i-ICD-11, ibandakanya ukuxilongwa kwe-“Compulsive Sexual Behaviour Disorder.”  Ngenxa ye-2018, "i-Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder" (CSB) iya kusebenza njengesambulela sokuxilonga zombini umlutha wesondo kunye nokuziphatha okubi. Kwaye abanye abantu ababelana ngesondo ngokungalunganga bakugqala oku njengokuhlaselwa kwindlela yabo yokuziphatha. Akunjalo.

Njengezinye izinto ngoku ezikhutshelwa ngaphandle njengenxalenye yeli phulo ukuze yenza ukuxhathisa "i-astroturf". kwi-porn/umlutha wesondo, isibhengezo sangoku sixhomekeke ikakhulu kuphononongo olunye oluneziphene ukuxhasa iziqinisekiso zayo zempandla, ngelixa kwangaxeshanye ingahoywa ngaphezu kwezifundo ze-neurological ezingama-50. inkxaso imodeli yobukhoboka. Ukufumana okungakumbi, bona eli nqaku: Indlela yokuqaphela amaNqaku aKhethekileyo: Bacaphula i-Prause et al 2015 (bayibanga ngobuxoki ukuba i-debunks i-porn addiction), ngelixa ishiya ngaphezu kwe-50 yezifundo ze-Neurological ezixhasa i-Porn Addiction..

Umhlathi wokuvula wesi sibhengezo

Masiqale ngomhlathi wokuvula wesi sibhengezo, esishiye malunga nama-50 ezifundo zemithambo-luvo ezifanelekileyo kunye nophononongo loncwadi, ngelixa simela kakubi uninzi lwezifundo esizicaphulileyo.

"Nangona ezinye iingxelo zemfundo kunye neengcali ziye zaxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwemodeli yokulutha kwindlela yokuziphatha rhoqo ngokwesondo kunye / okanye ukubukela iphonografi (oko kukuthi, uHilton & Watts, 2011; Kafka, 2010), abanye bachaza iingxaki ezinokuthi zinokwenzeka okanye zokwenyani zokusebenzisa umlutha. imodeli yokuziphatha ngokwesondo kunye nokubukela iphonografi (Ley, 2012; Ley, Prause, & Finn, 2014; Reid & Kafka, 2014; Giugliano, 2009; Hall, 2014; Karila et al., 2014; Moser, 2013; Kor, Fogel, Reid, & Potenza, 2013; Ley et al., 2014; Prause & Fong, 2015; Prause, Steele, Staley, Sabatinelli, & Hajcak, 2015).

Esi sibhengezo sishiyiwe ngenjongo: 

Okulandelayo, makhe sijonge kwinkxaso yenzululwazi yesi sibhengezo ngengxelo yakhe ethi “abanye babonisa iingxaki ezinzulu okanye iingxaki zokwenyani ngokusebenzisa imodeli yokulutha kwindlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo kunye nokubukela iphonografi":

1) Ley, 2012: Ayijongwa ntanga. Yincwadi: Inkolelo yeTyala loSondo nguDavid Ley.

2) ULey, uPrause, kunye noFinn, ngo-2014: Uluvo olugunyaziswe yijenali encinci (Iingxelo zezeMpilo zoLuntu). Umbhali okhokelayo akazange apapashe naluphi na uphando lwangaphambili, kodwa wacelwa ukuba anike uluvo lwakhe malunga nokulutha koonografi kunye nokulutha ngokubanzi. Phantse akukho nto kwisiqwengana soluvo ixhaswa zizifundo ezikhankanyiweyo. Oku ukudilizwa kokugxeka okubanzi Ley et al., 2014 – ibango ngebango kunye namaxwebhu amaninzi okuchazwa kakubi kophando ababhali abalukhankanyeyo. Owona mba wothusayo wephepha le-Ley kukuba lizishiyile ZONKE izifundo ezininzi ezichaze iziphumo ezingalunganga ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa koburheletya okanye ukufunyanwa likhoboka lephonografi. Kwakhona yazi ukuba Iingxelo zezeMpilo zoLuntu Unayo elifutshane nelitye imbali. Yaqala ukupapasha ngo-2004, emva koko yaqhubeka ikhefu ngo-2008, yavuswa kuphela ngo-2014, kanye ngexesha lokubonisa uLey. okqhubekayo.'s "uphononongo."

3) Reid & Kafka, 2014: Eli phepha liqikelela ukuba kutheni i-hypersexuality ingazange ingene kwi-DSM-5 (I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual). Nangona kunjalo, bobabini uReid kunye noKafka bathanda ubulili obufanayo ukuze bafakwe kwi DSM. Jonga le ngxelo ye-2012 ye-UCLA ikhutshwe nguRory Reid: Inzululwazi ixhasa umlutha wesondo njengokuphazamiseka okusemthethweni.

4) Giugliano, 2009: Eli phepha lakudala, ngumongameli we-SASH odlulileyo, lizimisele ukubuza ukuba likhoboka lezesondo, kodwa iziphumo azizange ziyixhase ingcamango yombhali. Akukho ndawo ibonisa ukuba umlutha wesondo awukho. Bona i Iphepha lendawo ye-SASH ngesondo kunye nokulutha kwephonografi.

5) IHolo, i2014: Eli nqaku ngugqirha wase-UK uPaula Hall uxhasa ubukho bomlutha wesondo. Jonga le ntetho yeTEDx nguPaula Hall- Kufuneka Sithethe Ngokukhobokisa Ngesondo.

6) Karila et al., 2014: Eli phepha lixhasa ubukho bokuziphatha kakubi ngokwesondo. Ukusuka kwi-abstract: "UUmlutha wesondo, owaziwa ngokuba yi-hypersexual disorder, awuzange ungahoywa ngoogqirha bengqondo, nangona imeko ibangela iingxaki ezinzulu zengqondo kubantu abaninzi.. "

7) UMoses, 2013: UCharles Moser ungumntu othandabuzayo “wokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo” owaziwayo. Enyanisweni, njengoMhleli weCandelo le IiNgxelo zezeMpilo zoLuntu, nguye owamema uLey, uPrause kunye noFinn ukuba benze uphononongo lwabo lobuxoki oluxoxwe ngasentla, Ley et al., 2014.

8) Kor, Fogel, Reid, & Potenza, 2013: Eli phepha lixhasa ubukho bokuziphatha kakubi ngokwesondo. Ukusuka kwisigqibo: “Nangona kukho izikhewu ezininzi kulwazi ekuqondeni kwethu i-HD, idatha ekhoyo icebisa ukuba ukuthathela ingqalelo ukuphazamiseka kokulalana ngokwesini ngaphakathi kwesakhelo somlutha kunokuba kufanelekile kwaye kube luncedo."

9) Ley et al., 2014: Ucaphulo olufanayo njenge #2.

10) UPrause & Fong, 2015: Le nto ayizange ijongwe ntanga. Yingcinga emfutshane yoluvo kumthamo oleleyo, uninzi lwawo oluzinikele ekubhaleni intsomi yokuxhatshazwa kukaPrause.

11) IPrause, iSteele, iStaley, iSabatinelli, kunye neHajcak, ngo-2015: Uphononongo olunye lwe-EEG. Akukho ngaphantsi kwamaphepha ali-9 aphononongwe ngoontanga athi eli phepha, Prause et al., 2015, inika inkxaso kwimodeli yokongeza: Iingcaphephe ezihlaziyiweyo zontanga Prause et al., 2015. Iingqungquthela zenzululwazi kula maphepha e-9 zichaza ukuba Prause et al. ngokwenene ufumene ukungafuni / ukuhlala (okuhambelana nokuphuhliswa komlutha), njengoko Ngaphantsi Ukusebenza kombono kwi-vanilla (imifanekiso) idibene nayo mkhulu ukusebenzisa i-porn.

Ke, makhe sishwankathele ubungqina bephulo le mibutho mi-3:

  • Iimbekiselo ezihlanu kwezilishumi elinanye ngokucacileyo inkxaso imodeli yokulutha,
  • Iimbekiselo ezibini azijongwanga ntanga
  • Esinye kukuphinda kwereferensi yangaphambili

Iimbekiselo ezintathu eziseleyo zivela kubantu aba-3 abaye bahlala bedibanisa "debunk" iphonografi kunye nokulutha ngokwesondo: uDavid Ley, UNicole Prause kunye noCharles Moser. ULey noPrause babhala Ley et al., 2014 (eyayinikwa nguMosesr), kwaye ubuncinane ezimbini Psychology Namhlanje iiposti zebhlog (U-Ley ngoku uhlawulwa yi-xHamster enkulu ye-porn industry ukukhuthaza iiwebhusayithi zayo). UCharles Moser naye wabambisana noLey kunye noPrause ukuba "debunk" umlutha wephonografi kwindawo NgoFebruwari 2015 inkomfa ye-ISSWSH. Babonise iSimpoziyam yeeyure ezi-2: "Ukuxhatshazwa koTywala, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo, okanye enye i-OCD?” Uphononongo olulodwa lwemithambo-luvo kwezithathu eziseleyo (Prause et al., 2015) ithathwa ngamaphepha ali-10 aphononongwe ngoontanga ine imodeli yokulutha (indawo yokuhlala kubasebenzisi be-porn rhoqo).

Kwakutheni ukuze isibhengezo singakhankanyi nayiphi na i Ama-30 ophononongo lwamva nje loncwadi kunye namagqabantshintshi ngoosonzululwazi bengqondo abaphezulu abasebenza kwiYunivesithi yaseYale, kwiYunivesithi yaseCambridge, kwiYunivesithi yaseDuisburg-Essen okanye kwiMax Planck Institute? Kuba uphononongo lunika inkxaso kwimodeli yokulutha, ephikisana namabango ale mibutho.

Esi sibhengezo sahlula amabango aso aseleyo abe ngamacandelo amahlanu: A, B, C, D, E.

Ibango lokuqala eliphambili lesi sibhengezo (A)

A) I-American Psychiatric Association (APA) ayichongi isini / i-porn addiction njengokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Ngokufanayo, uMbutho waseMelika wabaFundisi bezesondo, abaCebisi, kunye neeTherapists (AASECT) ayiqapheli isini / i-porn addiction njengokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwaye uye wagqiba ukuba imodeli yokulutha "ayinakuqhubela phambili njengomgangatho wokuziqhelanisa nokufundisa ngesondo, ukucebisa, okanye unyango”.

Re AASECT: Okokuqala, i-AASECT ayiyona intlangano yenzululwazi kwaye ayikhankanyi nto yokuxhasa iziqinisekiso kwi-press release yayo - ukunika inkxaso yayo engenantsingiselo.

Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuba isimemezelo se-AASECT sagxininiswa nguMichael Aaron kunye namanye amalungu angama-AASECT asebenzisa "amaqhinga okugwenxa" njengoko uAron avumile kule Psychology Namhlanje post blog: Uhlalutyo: Indlela ye-AASECT yokuLawulwa kweziTyhulo zoThatywayo yenziwe njani. Ingqungquthela kulolu hlalutyo Ukuqulunqwa kwe-AASECT "Isikhundla sokuLungiswa koTywala, shwa nkathela i-post ye-blog yeAron:

Ukufumana u-AASECT ukunyamezela "umzekelo wokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini" ukuba "ucebisi kakhulu", kwi-2014 uDkt Aaron uzimisele ukuphelisa inkxaso yegama elithi "ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini" ukusuka kwiAASECT. Ukufezekisa injongo yakhe, uDkt Aaron uthi ubangele ngamabomu ukuphikisana phakathi kwamalungu e-AASECT ukuze abhenkce abo abaneengcamango ezingavumelani naye, baze bathethe ngokucacileyo ezo mbono xa bekhokela intlangano ekubhekeleni kwawo "ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo" imodeli. "UDkt. Aaron ulungele ukusebenzisa le" gwenxa, i-guerilla [Sic] amaqhinga "ngokucinga ukuba wayechasene ne" shishini elicebisayo "labaxhasi" kwindlela yokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo "ezo zinto ziyakumthintela ukuba angabakhupheli ecaleni lakhe. Kunoko, ukwenza "utshintsho olukhawulezayo" kwi-AASECT "imilayezo," wazama ukuqinisekisa ukuba amazwi omlomo wesigxina soxhatshazo ayengabandakanywa kwizinto eziphathekayo kwiinkalo ze-AASECT.

Ukuqhayisa kukaDkt. Aaron kuvela njengento encinci. Abantu abanqabiseko ngokukhawuleza, baninzi ukuvakalisa, ukunyusa ingxoxo yezemfundo kunye nesayensi. Kwaye kubonakala kungenangqondo ukuba uDkt. Aaron wasebenzisa ixesha kunye nemali yokuba yi-CST eqinisekisiwe yintlangano eyayiyibona "inkohliso enzulu" emva kokujoyina (ukuba kungekhona ngaphambili). Ukuba nantoni na, nguDkt Aaron obonakalisa uhanahanisi xa egxeka "inkqubo yokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo" kwiingcali zokufumana utyalo-mali kwi "sex model model", xa, ngokucacileyo, unalo utsalo-mali olufanayo ekukhuthazeni umbono wakhe ochasayo

Iincwadana ezininzi kunye neengcaphephe zibonisa ukuvakalisa kwe-AASECT ukuba yintoni ngokwenene:

Re DSM-5 kunye ne-ICD-11: Okwesibini, xa i-APA igqibele ukuhlaziya incwadana yayo yokuxilonga kwi-2013 (DSM-5), akuzange ihlolisise ngokoqobo "inxilongwane ye-intanethi ye-intanethi," kunokukhetha ukuxubusha "ingxaki yokuxhatshazwa ngokobuxhakaxhaka." Ixesha elide lokugqibela leengxaki zokuziphatha ngokwesini linconywe ukuba lifakwe DSM-5 Umsebenzi woBucala loLuntu emva kwexesha lokuhlaziywa. Nangona kunjalo, kwiseshoni yeshumi elinanye "ikamelo leenkwenkwezi" kwiseshoni (ngokuhambelana nelungu leQela loMsebenzi), enye DSM-5 Amagosa athatyathwa ngokungafaniyo ngokwesini, kucacisa izizathu ezichazwe ngokungenangqiqo.

Ngaphezu koko, ngaphambi nje kokuba DSM-5 ukupapashwa kwi-2013, Thomas Insel, ngoko uMlawuli weZiko leSizwe leMpilo yengqondo, Wacetyisa ukuba kwakuyisihlandlo sempilo yengqondo ukuyeka ukuthembela kwi-DSM. Its "ubuthathaka ukungabikho kokusebenza, ”Watsho, kwaye"asinakuphumelela ukuba sisebenzisa iindidi zeDSM njenge- “standard yegolide.Wongeze wathi, "Yingakho i-NIMH iza kuphinda iphinde iqhube uphando lwalo uphando kwi-DSMs. ” Ngamanye amagama, i-NIMH icwangcise ukumisa uphando ngezimali ngokusekwe kwiilebheli zeDSM (kunye nokungabikho kwazo).

Imibutho emikhulu yezonyango ihamba phambili kwi-APA. Oogqirha bezonyango kunye nabaphandi bomlutha we I-American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) wabethelela into ebekufanele ukuba ibe sisikhonkwane sokugqibela kwibhokisi yengxoxo ye-porn-addiction ngo-Agasti, i-2011 ngokusekelwe kumashumi eminyaka yophando lokulutha. Iingcali eziphezulu zokulutha kwi-ASAM zikhuphe zabo inkcazo ngokuchanekileyo yokwenza umlutha. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, iziyobisi zokuziphatha zichaphazela ingqondo ngendlela efanayo neziyobisi. Ngamanye amazwi, Umlutha usisifo esinye (imeko), kungekho ezininzi. I-ASAM yatsho ngokucacileyo ukuba "ukuba likhoboka lokuziphatha ngokwesondo” likhona kwaye kufuneka ukuba kubangelwe ukuba kukho utshintsho olusisiseko lwengqondo olufumaneka kwizidakamizwa zeziyobisi.

Nasiphi na isiganeko, i World Health Organization ibonakala ilungele ukulungisa isilumkiso esigqithisileyo se-APA. Uhlelo olulandelayo lwencwadana yalo yokuxilonga, i ICD, iphuma kwi-2018. Uyilo lwe-beta I-ICD-11 entsha ifaka i-diagnostic ye "Ukunyanzeliswa kwesifo sokuziphatha ngokwesondo," kunye kunye "Ukuphazamiseka ngenxa yokuziphatha kakubi.” Kutheni le mibutho mi-3 ingalukhankanyi olu phuhliso lubalulekileyo?

Ibango lesibini elingundoqo (B)

B) "Izifundo ezikhoyo ezixhasa imodeli yokulutha azinazo iinkcazo ezichanekileyo kunye nobungqongqo bendlela, kwaye zixhomekeke kwidatha yonxibelelaniso. Imiba yengqondo ekhoyo ngaphambili enokuthi iphendule utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo kunye / okanye ukubukela iphonografi ayizange ithathelwe ingqalelo. Izifundo ziyafuneka ezisebenzisa uyilo lovavanyo kunye neakhawunti yoluhlu lwezinto ezinokuthi zibekho ngaphandle (uLey et al., 2014). Nangona abanye abantu banokucinga ngokungafanelekanga ukuba ukwanda komsebenzi we-dopaminergic ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo okanye ukubukela iphonografi (ekulindeleke ukuba ilindeleke) bubungqina bomlutha, iPrause, Steele, Staley, Sabatinelli, kunye neHajcak (2015) efunyenwe kuphononongo lwabo olulawulwayo lokuba abathathi-nxaxheba baxela iingxaki ze-hypersexual. khange ibonise iipateni ezifanayo zokuphendula ze-neural ezihambelana nezinye iziyobisi ezaziwayo. Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuba kutheni abantu benokubukela iphonografi, kunye nezenzo zesondo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezahlukeneyo, ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kuhlolwa indlela yokuziphatha (Ley, 2012; Ley et al., 2014).

Izifundo ze-neurological kwi-sex kunye ne-porn addiction zingqongqo kakhulu (ngaphandle koku Izifundo ze-EEG ezi-2 zikaPrause), kwaye uninzi lwazo lwenziwa zezinye zezazinzulu zokulutha umlutha kwihlabathi. Nazi: Izifundo ze-52 ze-neuroscience.

Isiphakamiso sesibhengezo sokuba “Ulungelelaniso” yenza ukuba uphando lungabi namsebenzi, luveze ukungazi okumangalisayo (okanye ukujikeleza), njengoko bekuya kuba yinto engekho mthethweni ukuphembelela umlutha walo naluphi na uhlobo kwizifundo zabantu. Ngaphandle koko, kububudenge ukucebisa ukuba amakhoboka e-porn azalwa enalo lonke utshintsho olukhulu lwengqondo olubangelwa kumlutha olubonakala kuphando olunzulu lwengqondo kwi-porn / kwizifundo ezikhotyokiswe ngokwesondo. Yeyiphi amathuba? Unothi. Ngokomzekelo, utshintsho lwengqondo olubangelwa lumlutha lungundoqo ku khuthazwa, enokuthi yenzeke kuphela ngokusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kunye nexesha elide.

Isiteyitimenti sesibhengezo siluchaza ngendlela engafanelekanga uphando lwemithambo-luvo njengophando lwe “dopaminergic umsebenzi ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo okanye ukubukela iphonografi” bonisa ukuba ababhali besi sibhengezo abafundanga naziphi na izifundo ekuthethwa ngazo. Akukho nasinye kwizifundo ze-neurological ezivavanye umsebenzi we-dopamine! Endaweni yoko, izifundo ezi-3 zavavanya ubukho bolunye okanye ngaphezulu kolu tshintsho luphambili lwengqondo olubandakanyekayo kuzo zombini iziyobisi kunye neziyobisi zokuziphatha: 1) Sensitization, 2) Ukuxhatshazwa, 3) Izijikelezo ezingasebenzi (ukusebenza kakubi kwesigqeba), kunye 4) Izijikelezo ezingasebenzi. Zonke i-4 zale nguqu zengqondo ziye zafunyanwa phakathi Izifundo ezingama-54 ezisekwe kwi-neuroscience kubasebenzisi be-porn rhoqo kunye namakhoboka okwabelana ngesondo:

  • Izifundo zokunika ingxelo ngovakalelo (cue-reactivity kunye neminqweno) kubasebenzisi be-porn / iziyobisi ngokwesondo: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27.
  • Izifundo zokubika ukungabonakali okanye ukuhlala (kubangele ukunyamezela) kubasebenzisi bezesono / izilwanyana zesini: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
  • Izifundo zokubika ukuphathwa komsebenzi osweleyo (ukuziphatha kakubi) okanye ukuguqulwa komsebenzi wabantu abasebenzisa i-porn / izilonda zesini: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18.
  • Izifundo ezibonisa inkqubo yokunyanzeliswa kakubi kwabasebenzisi bezesono / izilonda zesini: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Kuthekani ngebango lesibhengezo malunga Prause et al., 2015?

"Prause, Steele, Staley, Sabatinelli, and Hajcak (2015) bafunyenwe kuphononongo lwabo olulawulwayo ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba abaxela iingxaki ze-hypersexual abazange babonise iipatheni ezifanayo ze-neural impendulo ehambelana nezinye iziyobisi ezaziwayo."

"Iipateni zokuphendula ze-Neural” lithetha “i-cue-reactivity,” nto leyo etyhila eyona nguquko ingundoqo yokukhotyokiswa kwengqondo – uvakalelo. Njengoko ubona ngasentla, ngoku kukho izifundo ezingama-27 kubasebenzisi be-porn/abantu abasebenzisa iziyobisi ngokwesondo abanikezela ingxelo ngeziphumo ezihambelana ne-cue-reactivity, i-attention bias, okanye iminqweno. Nokuba isibhengezo besichanekile oko Prause et al., Iziphumo zika-2015 zichasa ubukho be-cue-reactivity (ayifuni), kuya kuthatha ngaphezu kwesinye esingaqhelekanga (kwaye ineziphene) funda "ukubhengeza" amashumi eminyaka yophando lokuziphatha kakubi!

Kwaye zaziyintoni ezona ziphumo Prause et al., 2015? Xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo "abantu abanengxaki yokulawula ukubukela iphonografi" babenayo ezantsi iimpendulo zobuchopho ekuvezweni komzuzwana omnye kwiifoto ze-vanilla porn. I ababhali ibango ezi ziphumo "zidenge umlutha we-porn." Nangona kunjalo, enyanisweni, iziphumo ze Prause et al. I2015 ihambelanise ngokupheleleyo UKühn kunye neGallinat (2014), eye yafumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn eninzi kuhambelana nokusebenza kwengqondo encinci ekuphenduleni imifanekiso ye-vanilla porn-utshintsho lwengqondo olunxulumene nokulutha.

Umthandazo okqhubekayo. iziphumo zihambelana nazo Banca et al. 2015. Ukufundwa kwe-EEG esezantsi kuthetha ukuba izifundo zinika ingqwalasela encinci kwimifanekiso. Ngamafutshane, abasebenzisi be-porn abaxhaphakileyo baye baphelelwa yimvakalelo kwimifanekiso engatshintshiyo ye-vanilla porn, xa kuthelekiswa neqela lolawulo. Babekruqukile (babehlala okanye bangabi namvakalelo), nto leyo enokuba bubungqina benkqubo yokukhotyokiswa emsebenzini. Bona oku iYBOP ebanzi. Ishumi Amaphepha aphononongwe ngoontanga ayavuma ukuba olu phononongo lufumene ukungakhathali / indawo yokuhlala kubasebenzisi be-porn rhoqo (ngokuhambelana nokulutha): Iingcaphephe ezihlaziyiweyo zontanga Prause et al., 2015

Isibhengezo sebango lesithathu (C)

C) "Imodeli yesini / i-porn addiction ibonakalisa ukuthambekela okubalulekileyo kwezentlalo (Klein, 2002; Williams, 2016), kubandakanywa nemilinganiselo ethile yovavanyo lweklinikhi uJoannides, i-2012). Ucalucalulo lwentlalo nenkcubeko lubandakanya ucingelo malunga nokuziphatha okuqhelekileyo kwesondo, izimbo zobudlelwane, kunye nezinto ezinomdla kunye nezenzo. Ke, abantu abanezinye iimpawu zesini banokuthi bajongane nokucalulwa ngakumbi kunye nocalucalulo ngabo baxhasa imodeli yesini / iphonografi. ”

Inye kuphela kwezi zicatshulwa zingasentla ephononongwa ngoontanga: Williams, 2016. Kukwiphepha elincinci lomsebenzi wentlalontle engekho i-PubMed indexed. Isifundo se-neurological kuphela Williams ekhankanyiweyo, uyiqikelele, Prause et al. 2015. Williams, I-2016 yingcinga ekhethiweyo exhomekeke kuyo Prause et al. 2015 kunye neencwadi zikaDavid Ley kunye namanqaku enkxaso yayo yobuchule. Ayihoyi i I-51 nezinye izifundo ze-neurological kubasebenzisi be-porn, 25 uphononongo lwamva nje kunye namagqabantshintshi, yaye Izifundo ze-110 Ukudibanisa i-porn kwiingxaki zesondo kunye nokwaneliseka okuncinci ngokwesondo kunye nobudlelwane. Wiiliams, I-2016 ayikho into engaphezu kweentetho ezingenanto.

Ingqinisekiso yesine yesibhengezo (D)

D) “Uphando lubonise ukuba inkolo kunye nokungamkeleki kokuziphatha kunempembelelo enamandla kwingqikelelo yesini / umlutha wephonografi. Ngokomzekelo, i-Grubbs kunye noogxa (2010, 2015) bafumanisa ukuba inkolo kunye nokuchaswa kokuziphatha yayiziingqikelelo ezinamandla zokulutha koonografi, nangona ukusetyenziswa koonografi kulawulwa. Abanye abaphandi baye baxela iziphumo ezifanayo (Abell, Steenbergh, & Boivin, 2006; Kwee, Dominguez, & Ferrell, 2007; Leonhardt, Willoughby, & Young-Petersen, 2017). Ngokumalunga nokusetyenziswa kwephonografi, uThomas (2013, 2016) wasebenzisa uhlalutyo lovimba ukuze alandele indalo kunye nokusasazwa kwesakhelo somlutha phakathi kwamaKristu evangeli. Abanye abaphengululi baye banika ingxelo yokuba ingqikelelo yokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo yavela ngeminyaka yoo-1980 njengempendulo yolondolozo lwentlalo kumaxhala enkcubeko, kwaye ifumene ukwamkelwa ngokuxhomekeke kunyango kunye nokubonakala kwenkcubeko edumileyo (Reay, Attwood, & Gooder, 2013; Voros, 2009) .”

Ngokwenyani umlutha wesondo / we-porn hayi ezinxulumene nenkolo emadodeni. Ekuqaleni, ukunyanzeliswa kwezifundo xela amaxabiso aphantsi okuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesondo kunye nokusetyenziswa koburheletya kubantu benkolo (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24).

Okwesibini, izifundo ezibini ezivavanye amakhoboka esini angamadoda afuna unyango azifumananga budlelwane nenkolo. Umzekelo, oku Ucwaningo lwe-2016 malunga nokufuna unyango lwezilwanyana fu manise ukuba inkolo ayizange ilandelelanise eneempawu ezingekhoyo okanye amanqaku kwi-questionnaire ye-sex addiction. Oku Ucwaningo lwe-2016 ekufuneni unyango lwabantu abathandanayo fu maneka Akukho buhlobo phakathi kokuzibophezela kwezenkolo kunye namanqanaba okuziphatha okuxhatshaxisayo kunye nemiphumo ehambelanayo.

Ngokuphathelele amabango amalunga nokuziphatha kunye "nokubonwa likhoboka" (phantse zonke izifundo ezidweliswe kwisicatshulwa sesibhengezo), uphononongo olutsha lucebisa ukuba azixhaswa: Ngaba i-Cyber ​​Pornography Sebenzisa i-Inventory-izikolo ze-9 zibonakalisa ukunyanzeliswa okwenene kwi-Intanethi ye-Iphonyayili? Ukuqwalasela indima yokuzilahla. Olu phononongo olutsha luthi isixhobo uGrubbs asisebenzisayo kuzo zonke izifundo zakhe, i-CPUI-9, asilungile.

I-CPUI-9 ibandakanya imibuzo emi-3 engaphandle evavanya ubutyala kunye neentloni, ezinje Abasebenzisi bezononophelo zezenzo ze-CPUI-9 bavame ukuhlaselwa phezulu. Ubukho bamanqaku aphezulu e-CPUI-9 kubasebenzisi bezonongo bezenkolo bondliwa kumajelo eendaba njengebango lokuba, "Abantu benkolo bakholelwa ngokukhohlisa ukuba banomlutha woononophala. "Oku kwalandelwa zifundo ezininzi ukudibanisa ukuziphatha okubi kunye neenombolo ze-CPUI-9. Ekubeni abantu benkolo njengamaqela amanqaku aphakamileyo ekukhutshweni kokuziphatha, kwaye (ngoko) i-CPUI-9 iyonke, kwabizwa (ngaphandle kwenkxaso yangempela) ukuba ukunyaniseka kwezenzo zokunqula unqulo oyinyaniso imbangela yokuxhatshazwa koonografi. Oku kunqabileyo, kwaye kungabonakali njengento yesayensi.

Ukongeza, izigqibo kunye namabango afakwe yi-CPUI-9 ayisebenzi. UGrubbs wenza i-questionnaire engakwaziyo, kwaye akuzange kuqinisekiswe, ukukhetha "ukuqonda" ukusuka kumlutha wangempela: i-CPUI-9. nge ukulungiswa kwezenzululwazi zero he zibhalwa kwakhona I-CPUI-9 yakhe njengoluhlu lwemibuzo "olubonwayo kwiphonografi". Ukufumana okuninzi, okuninzi ngakumbi bona "Ucwaningo olutsha aluvumelekanga i-Grubbs CPUI-9 njengesixhobo sokuvavanya "ukugqithiswa kwezilwanyana zoonografi" okanye umlutha woonografi (2017). "

Ekugqibeleni, ihlazo lenkolo alibangeli utshintsho lwengqondo olubonisa abo bafumaneka kwiziyobisi. Ke amaqela atyhala "ukuziphatha ngokwesondo / iphonografi lihlazo lenkolo" isibango sisafuna ukucacisa ngaphezulu kwe-3. izifundo zeengqondo Ukunika ingxelo ngotshintsho olunxulumene nokulutha kwengqondo kubasebenzisi abanyanzelekileyo be-porn / abasebenzisa isondo. Ekukhanyeni kwe ngaphezu kwezifundo ze-40 ezidibanisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn / umlutha kwiingxaki zesondo kunye nokuhlalisa okuphantsi, kufuneka bachaze phantse I-1000% yokunyuka kwe-erectile dysfunction yolutsha ukususela ekufikeni kweziza ze-porn tube.

Ibango lesihlanu elingundoqo (E)

Okokugqibela, esi sibhengezo sidibanisa iingxoxo ezi-2 “zendoda yomququ”:

E) Imodeli yesondo / i-porn addiction ithatha ukuba ukuziphatha ngokwesondo njengendlela yokujongana neziyobisi, kodwa ayithatheli ngqalelo into yokuba isondo sinokuba yindlela efanelekileyo yokuhlangabezana.

Imodeli yesondo / i-porn addiction ayenzi ingcinga enjalo. Ixhalabele abantu abangakwaziyo ukulawula ukuziphatha kwabo phezu kwayo nje imiphumo emibi. Oku kuchasene kakhulu "nokumelana".