I-nessayers yeziyobisi ezingamanyala zihlala zibanga ukuba abantu abanesini esinye okanye iziyobisi ezingamanyala, abanakho ukuba likhoboka, banomnqweno omkhulu wesini. UDavid Ley (umbhali we Inkolelo yeTyala loSondo), Ngomnye wabagxeki bezwi lokuxhatshazwa koonwabo, kwaye uhlala esithi "umnqweno ophezulu wesondo" uchaza ukuxhatshazwa koonwabo. Hlaziya: UDavid Ley ngoku ubuyekezwa ngumzi mveliso we-porn xHamster ukukhuthaza iiwebhusayithi zakhe kunye nokwazisa abasebenzisi ukuba iziyobisi ze-porn kunye nezesini ziintsomi.)
imvelaphi
Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, UDavid Ley kunye nesithethi UNicole Prause iqela ukuya kubhala Psychology Namhlanje iposi ngeposi Steele et al., 2013 ebizwa ngokuba "Ubuchopho Bakho kwi-Porn - AYIKHULI". Iposi lebhokisi yabonakala ngeenyanga ze-5 phambi kokuba Isifundo se-EEG se-Prause sapapashwa ngokusesikweni. Isihloko sayo se-oh-so-catchy siyalahlekisa njengoko singenanto yakwenza nayo Ubunjani bakho kwiSigonyo okanye i-neuroscience yenziwa khona. Kunoko, uMatshi ka-David Ley, i-post ye-blog ye-2013 ibeka umlinganiselo kwisifundo esisodwa se-EEG esichaphazelekayo - Steele et al., 2013.
Ngokuchasene namabango kaLey kwaye ufunde umbhali uNicole Prause, Steele okqhubekayo., I-2013 ibike ngakumbi ukubuyela kwakhona kwi-porn ehambelana nomnqweno ongaphantsi wesini kunye neqabane (kodwa hayi umnqweno ophantsi wokuhlambalaza i-porn). Ukuyibeka ngenye indlela - Abantu abaneentshukumo zobuchopho kunye neenkanuko zoononophala baya kuncokola ngokugqithiseleyo kunokuzilala ngesondo nomntu wangempela (Kule ntshumayelo ye-2018 uGary Wilson uchaza inyaniso emva kwee-5 izifundo ezingathandabuzekiyo nezikhohlisayo, kuquka izifundo ezimbini ze-Nicole Prause EEG (uSteele et al., 2013 no-Prause et al., 2015): Uphando Lophando: Okwenyaniso okanye Imfundiso?)
I-cue enkulu-i-reactivity kwi-porn kunye kunye nomnqweno omncinane wesondo kunye namaqabane angqinelanayo I-2014 iYunivesithi yeCambridge University kwizilonda zoonwabo. Iziphumo ezikhoyo Steele et al., 2013 nangayiphi na indlela ehambelana nesihloko esidityanisiweyo, udliwanondlebe noPrause okanye ibhloko yebhlog kaLey. Sibhozo amaphepha aphononongwa emva kontanga athi Steele et al. Iziphumo ngokwenene zibolekisa imodeli yokulutha kweziyobisi (ngokuchasene "neminqweno yesini ephezulu"). Iingcaphephe ezihlaziyiweyo zontanga Steele et al., 2013. Khangela oku uhlalutyo olubanzi.
In 2015, UNicole Prause wapapasha isifundo sesibini se-EEG (Prause et al., 2015), ofumene impendulo ye-NEural impendulo (ngokubonakaliswa okufutshane kwimifanekiso esele ikhona) kubasebenzisi bezononophelo abaqhelekileyo xa kuthelekiswa nokulawula. Oku bubungqina bokuba unqweno olunqabileyo ngesini ngesantya kubasebenzisi boononophelo. Ngokucacileyo, abasebenzisi abangabonakaliyo bezono zobunzululwazi babethukunyiswa yimifanekiso eqingqiweyo ye-pornographic ho-hum (iziphumo zayo ezifanayo Kuhn kunye neGallinat., 2014). Ezi ziphumo zihambelana nokunyamezelana, uphawu lokulutha.
Ukunyamezelana kuchazwa njengokuphendula komntu ngokudibeneyo kwichiza okanye kwisishukumisi esisiphumo sokusetyenziswa okuphindiweyo. Amaphepha ali-XNUMX aqwalaselweyo oontanga ayavuma ukuba olu phononongo lufumene inyani yokuhlala / indawo yokuhlala kubasebenzisi be-porn rhoqo (ehambelana nesiyobisi): 9 uphononongo lontanga oluhlaziyiweyo lwe Prause et al., 2015. Iziphumo zophononongo lwe-EEG lwesibini luka-Prause lubonisa OKUPHANTSI kokuvuseleleka ngokwesondo – hayi umnqweno ophezulu. Ngapha koko, uNicole Prause uthe kwiposti ye-Quora (eyokuqala yacinywa ngoJanuwari 2024) akasabhekiseli "kwi-libido ephezulu njengekhoboka lesondo" hypothesis:
"Bendinomdla kwinkcazo yokuqhuba ngesondo okuphezulu, kodwa olu phononongo lwe-LPP esisandula ukulupapasha lundenza ukuba ndivuleleke ngakumbi ekunyanzelweni ngokwesini."
Ukusukela ukuba iPrause i-flip-flopped, iphi i-Ley kunye nabanye abaqhubekeka bexhasa inkxaso ye "porn / sex addiction = high libido"?
Siphakamisa le vidiyo yemizuzu eyi-12- "Ngaba i-sex drive ephezulu okanye umlutha woonwabo?", YiCawa yeNowa.
Ngezantsi zifundo ezininzi zakutshanje eziye zavavanya kwaye zaxela "i-libido ephezulu = isondo / umlutha wezobisi" ibango:
1) "Ngaba umnqweno ophakamileyo wesini ujongene nobufanasini besini? Iziphumo zoFundo olwenziwa kwi-Intanethi. ” (2015) - Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba akukho kungqubana phakathi kwamadoda ane-hypersexuality kunye namadoda ane "High Sexual Desire". Inkcazo kwiphepha:
“Iziphumo zophando zikhomba kwi iimeko ezicacileyo zeSondo eziPhakamileyo zoSondo kunye noTyhulo oluSini kubantu."
2) "Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini kunye nesifiso esiphakamileyo sezesondo: Ukuhlola ubume beNgxaki yoSondo "(2015) - Uphononongo lufumene ukungqubana okuncinci phakathi kweminqweno ephezulu yesini kunye ne-hypersexual. Inkcazo kwiphepha:
"Isifundo sethu sixhasa ukwahlulahlula kwabantu besini esahlukileyo kunye nomnqweno wesondo / wezenzo eziphezulu."
3) "I-Neural Correlates ye-Cue Reac Reactivity kuBantu abaNye kunye nangaphandle kokunyanzelwa kwezesondo "(2014) -Isifundo se-fMRI yeYunivesithi yaseCambridge ngokuthelekisa iziyobisi ezingamanyala kulawulo olusempilweni. Uphononongo lufumene ukuba iziyobisi ezingamanyala zazinomnqweno ophantsi wesini kunye nobunzima obukhulu bokufezekisa ulungelelwaniso, kodwa babenombono omkhulu-wokuphinda basebenzise iphonografi (efanayo noSteele okqhubekayo. ngasentla). Amacatshulwa avela kweli phepha:
"Kwinguqulelo ehlengahlengisiweyo ye-Arizona Scale yamava ezesondo [43], CSB Izifundo ezifaniswa namavolontiya anempilo zinobunzima obunzima kunye nokuvuswa kwesondo kunye nobunzima obuninzi be-erectile kwiintlobano zesini esithandanayo kodwa kungabalulekanga ngokobulili (Itheyibhile yeS3 Ifayile yeS1). "
Izifundo ze-CSB zichazwe ukuba ngenxa yokusetyenziswa okugqithisileyo yemathiriyeli yezesondo ecacileyo… .. amava anciphise i-libido okanye umsebenzi we-erectile ngokuthe ngqo kubudlelwane bomzimba nabasetyhini (nangona kungekho kubudlelwane nezinto ezichazayo ngokwesini)…
4) Iimpawu zoMonde zoHlobo lokuThunyelwa kwabaNtu abaDala ngokuXhomekeka kwiHypersexuality: Ukujongwa kwakhona kweTshathi eyi-115 yeziTyala eziLandelanayo zaMadoda "(2015) - Fundisisa ngamadoda aneengxaki zokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini. I-27 ibekwa ngokuthi "i-masturbators ekhuselekayo," nto leyo ithetha ukuba bahlaziye i-pornastry enye okanye ngaphezulu iiyure ngosuku okanye ngaphezulu kweeyure ze-7 ngeveki. I-71% yabasebenzisi abangabonwayo boononophelo baxela iingxaki zokusebenza zesini, kunye ne-33% yokubika ibambezelekile.
5) "Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Erectile, ukukruquka, kunye nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini phakathi kwamadoda adibeneyo avela kumazwe amabini aseYurophu ”(2015) - Olu phando luchaze unxibelelwano olomeleleyo phakathi kokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile kunye nemilinganiselo yokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini. Isicatshulwa:
"Ubundlobongela obuninzi bube buhambelana kakhulu kunye nokunyaniseka kwezesondo kunye ezininzi iingxaki kunye nomsebenzi we-erectile. "
6) "I-Adolescents kunye ne-porn ye-web: ixesha elitsha lokwabelana ngesondo (2015)" - Olu hlolo lwesiTaliyane luhlolisise imiphumo ye-intanethi ye-intanethi ezikolweni eziphakamileyo zaseburhulumenteni eziphezulu, ezibhaliswe ngu-professor of urology Carlo Foresta, umongameli we-Italy Society of Pathophyticology. Ukufumana okubalulekileyo kunayo ukuba i-16% yalabo abasebenzisa iifosora ezingaphezu kweyodwa ngeveki bavakalisa isifiso sesini esingaqhelekanga ngokweqhelekileyo xa kuthelekiswa ne-0% kwabangewona abathengi (kunye ne-6% kulabo badla ngaphantsi kwesinye ngeveki). Ukususela kwisifundo:
"I-21.9% ichaza njengesiqhelo, I-10% ibonisa ukuba inciphisa intshisekelo yesondo malunga nabalingani bezinto zangempela, kunye neleyo, i-9.1% ibika uhlobo lomlutha. Ukongeza, i-19% yabo babonisa amanyala ngokubanzi, ngelixa ipesenti inyuke yaya kwi-25.1% kubathengi abaqhelekileyo. ”
7) "Ulwakhiwo lweBongo kunye nokuNxibelelana okuSebenzayo okunxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa koonografi: Ubunono kwi-Porn "(2014) Ucwaningo oluthile lwe-Max Planck olufumene i-3 ebuchosheni obunxulumene nolwaphulo olunxulumene nomlinganiselo wezobisi ezidliwe. Kwakhona kwafumanisa ukuba ukugqithiswa kwesibhambathiso kudla umvuzo omncinane womsebenzi wesiphaluka ekuphenduleni okufutshane (.530 yesibini) kwi-vanilla porn. Kwinqaku le-2014 umbhali okhokelayo USimone Kühn uthe:
"Sicinga ukuba izifundo ngokusetyenziswa kakubi koononophelo zifuna ukunyuka okunyukayo ukuze kufumaneke umvuzo ofanayo. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kweentlobano zesono ezingaphantsi kunxibelela inkqubo yakho yomvuzo. Oku kuya kuhambelana ngokupheleleyo nembono yokuba iinkqubo zabo zomvuzo zifuna ukukhula okukhuthazayo. "
Inkcazo ethe kratya yolu phononongo kuphononongo loncwadi lukaKuhn naseGallinat - Isiseko se-Neurobiological of Hysexualality (2016).
"Okona kuthatha iiyure abathathi-nxaxheba baxela ukuchitha iphonografi, kuncinci ukuphendula kwe-BOLD kwi-putamen yasekhohlo ukuphendula imifanekiso yesondo. Ngaphezu koko, safumanisa ukuba iiyure ezininzi ezichithwe ukubukela iphonografi zinxulunyaniswa nomthamo omncinci wezimvi kwi-striatum, ngokuthe ngqo kwi-caudate elungileyo efikelela kwi-ventral putamen. Siyicinga ukuba ubuchopho bezakhiwo zesakhiwo singabonakalisa iziphumo zokunyamezela emva kokungafuni ukuxhatshazwa kwesini. "
8) "Ukuziqhelanisa nokuphulula amalungu esini njengesiqhelo kwinto yokufumanisa isifo kunye nonyango lokungaziphathi kakuhle ngokwesondo kubafana abancinci ”(2014) - Olunye lwezifundo ze-4 kweli phepha libika ngendoda eneengxaki zesondo ezibangelwa isondo (i-libido ephantsi, imithambo, i-anorgasmia). Ungenelelo ngokwesondo lubiza i-6-iveki yokuziyeka kwi-porn kunye ne-masturbation. Emva kweenyanga ezi-8 indoda ichaze ukwanda komnqweno wesini, isondo eliphumelelayo kunye ne-orgasm, kwaye iyonwabela "imikhwa elungileyo yesondo."
9) "Ukusetyenziswa koonografi: ngubani oyisebenzisayo kwaye unxulunyaniswa njani neziphumo ezibini ”(2012) - Ngelixa yayingelofundo ngo "hypersexourse", yaxela ukuba i-1) ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn kwakuhlala kunxulunyaniswa namanqaku asezantsi kulwaneliseko ngokwesondo, kunye ne-2) ukuba kwakungekho nantlukwano kwiminqweno yesini phakathi kwabasebenzisi be-porn kunye nabangengabo abasebenzisi.
10) Isifiso socansi, kungekhona ukuxhatshazwa kwezesini, kuxhomekeke kwiimpendulo ze-Neurophysiological ezifunyenwe yiZithombe zoSondo (2013) - Olu cwaningo lwe-EEG lwenziwa kumaphephandaba njengobungqina obuchasene nobukho bobulili / ubundlobongela ngesondo. Ayikho njalo. Steele et al. I-2013 inika inkxaso ekukholeni kokugqithiswa koonobumba kunye nokusetyenziswa koononophelo phantsi kokulawulwa komnqweno wesini. Kanjani? Olu phofu luchaza ukufunda okuphezulu kwe-EEG (ezinxulumene nemifanekiso engathathi hlangothi) xa izifundo zichazwe ngokufutshane kwiifoto zoonografi. Izifundo zibonisa rhoqo ukuba i-P300 ephakamileyo iyenzeka xa izilingo zichazwe kwiinkcazo (ezifana nemifanekiso) ezihlobene nokulutha kwawo.
Ngokuhambelanayo ne Ucwaningo lweYunivesithi yaseCambridge luhlola uphando, lo kufunda lweEEG ngokunjalo babike ingxelo enkulu-yokusebenza ngokubhekiselele kwiimfesane eziphathekayo kunye nomnqweno omncinci wokubelana ngesondo. Ukubeka ngenye indlela - abantu abaneentshukumo eziphezulu zobuchopho kunokuba bahlaziye ngokugqithiseleyo kunonopopayi kunokuba balala ngesondo nomntu wangempela. Ukumangalisa, isithethi sokufunda UNicole Prause Batsho ukuba abasebenzisi bezononono bebanokuthi "babe ne-libido ephezulu," kodwa iziphumo zolu cwaningo zithi ngokuchasene ngqo (isifundo somxholo wesini esahlukileyo sasiyehla ngokubhekiselele ekusebenziseni kwabo ubulili).
Hlanganisa ezi zibini Steele et al. Iziphumo zibonisa ubungakanani bengqondo enkulu kwimifanekiso (imifanekiso engamanyala), kodwa kuncinci ekusebenzeni kwakhona kwimivuzo yendalo (isondo nomntu). Oko kukhuthazwa kunye nokungafuneki, zinto ezo ezizimpawu zomlutha. Amaphepha ama-8 aqwalaselwe ngontanga acacisa inyani: Iingcaphephe ezihlaziyiweyo zontanga Steele et al., 2013. Khangela oku iYBOP ebanzi.
11) Ukumodareyitha kwezinto ezinokuthi zifike emva kwexesha ngeZithombe zoSondo kuBasebenzisi beNgxaki kunye nokuLawula okungahambelani ne "Porn Addiction" (2015) - Uvavanyo lwesibini lwe-EEG ukusuka Iqela likaNicole Prause. Olu phofu lucatsanisa izifundo ze-2013 Steele et al., 2013 kwiqela elilawulayo langempela (kodwa lithe lahlulwa ngeendlela ezingafaniyo zendlela echazwe ngasentla). Iziphumo: Ukuqhathaniswa nokulawula "abantu abajongene neengxaki ezilawula ukujonga kwabo ngoonobumba" babe neempendulo ezingaphantsi kweengqondo kwisithuba esinye sesibini kwizithombe ze-porno ye-vanilla. I umbhali okhokelayo zibango ezi ziphumo "ukutshatyalaliswa kwezilwanyana ezingcolileyo." Intoni usosayensi osemthethweni bangaba bathi ukufundwa kwabo okungahambisani nokuhlambulukileyo kuye kwasusa a kwintsimi efunyenweyo yokufunda?
Enyanisweni, iziphumo ze Prause et al. I2015 ihambelanise ngokupheleleyo Kühn & Gallinat (2014), ofumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa koonobumba obuninzi kunxulumene nokusebenza kwengqondo engaphantsi ekuphenduleni imifanekiso ye-porno ye-vanilla. Prause et al. iziphumo zihambelana nazo Banca et al. 2015 okuyi-#13 kuloluhlu. Ngaphezu koko, esinye isifundo seEEG ifumanise ukuba ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwe-porn kwabasetyhini kunxulumene nokusebenza kwengqondo okuncinci kwi-porn. Ukufundwa kwe-EEG esezantsi kuthetha ukuba izifundo azihoyi kangako imifanekiso. Ngokucacileyo, abasebenzisi bezononophelo abaqhelekileyo babengenasidingo kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo ye-vanilla porn. Babekruqukile (behlala okanye bengenasiphelo). Bona oku iYBOP ebanzi. Iphepha le-9 elihlolisiswe ngontanga liyavuma ukuba lo mbhalo ufumene ukungafuni / ukuhlala kubasebenzisi bezononophelo rhoqo (ngokuhambisana nomlutha): Iingcaphephe ezihlaziyiweyo zontanga Prause et al., 2015
12) Ukusetyenziswa koonografi kwisampula esingahleliyo kwiibinikazi zaseNorway ezixhatshazwayo (2009) - Ukusetyenziswa koonobumba kwakunxulumene nezidalwa ezithintekayo zesondo kwindoda kunye nokujonga kakubi kwintombi. Izibini ezingazange zisebenzise iipilisi zazingekho izifo zesondo. Iimbalwa ezimbalwa ezivela kwisifundo:
Kwizibini ezithandanayo kunye nomnye umlingane owodwa osebenzisa iifoto zoonografi, safumana ezininzi iingxaki ezinxulumene nokuvusa.
Izibini ezingazange zisebenzise iifografi.. unokuqwalaselwa njengendabuko ngokumalunga nombono weempendulo zezesondo. Ngelo xesha, abazange babonakale banakho izidakamizwa.
13) Ukugcoba ngokobuGwenxa kunye noonografi basebenzise phakathi kwamadoda adibeneyo kunye nabafazi abanomnqweno wokuba nesondo esinqabileyo: Zingaphi Iimbopheleleko zokuhlaziya i-masturbation? (2015) - Ukuxhatshazwa ngokugqithisileyo kwimiba yezononophelo kwakuxhomekeke ekunciphiseni umnqweno wesini kunye nobuhlobo obusondeleyo obusondeleyo. Amacatshulwa:
“Phakathi kwamadoda aphulula amalungu esini rhoqo, ama-70% asebenzise iphonografi kanye ngeveki. Uvavanyo oluninzi lubonise oko ukukruquka ngokwesini, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwephonografi, kunye nobuhlobo obusenyongweni obusenyongweni kuyonyuse kakhulu amathuba okuxela ukuphulula amalungu esini rhoqo phakathi kwamadoda adibeneyo anciphise umnqweno wesini. ”
“Phakathi kwamadoda [anomnqweno wokuncipha ngokwesini] abesebenzisa iphonografi ubuncinci kanye ngeveki [ngo-2011] I-26.1% yabika ukuba ayinakukwazi ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kwabo koonografi. Ukwengeza, I-26.7% yamadoda ibike ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwezonografi kuphazamise kakubi isondo sabo sobudlelwane kwaye I-21.1% ithathe ukuzama ukuyeka ukusebenzisa imifanekiso engamanyala. "
14) Ubomi Bokuziphatha Ngezesondo kunye nokuPhindwa Kokuboniswa Kwezocografi. Ingxaki Entsha? (2015) - Amacatshulwa:
Iingcali zempilo yengqondo kufuneka zithathe ingqalelo kwimiphumo engabonakaliyo yokusetyenziswa kwamanyala eentlobano zokuziphatha ngokwesini, ubunzima besini kunye nezinye izimo zengqondo ezinxulumene nobulili. Kwixesha elide loonografi lubonakala lidala izidakamizwa zesondo, ingakumbi umntu akakwazi ukufikelela kwi-orgasm kunye nomlingane wakhe. Umntu ochitha ixesha lobomi bakhe ngokwesondo xa ebukela iifostile eqhuba ingqondo yakhe ekutshintsheni isondo sayo yesondo ukwenzela ukuba ngokukhawuleza afune ukuvuselelwa okubonakalayo ukuze aphumelele i-orgasm.
Izimpawu ezininzi ezahlukileyo zokusetyenziswa koononophelo, ezifana nesidingo sokubandakanya umlingane ekubukeni i-pornography, ubunzima bokufikelela kwi-orgasm, imfuno yeefoto zoononopopasho ukwenzela ukuba uguqulele kwiingxaki zesondo. Ezi ziphatha ngezesondo ziqhubekeka ngeenyanga okanye iminyaka kwaye inokuthi ikhutshwe ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba kunye nokungasebenzi kwe-erectile, nangona kungengobungozi bezinto eziphilayo. Ngenxa yokudideka, okwenza ihlazo, ihlazo kunye nokukhanyela, amadoda amaninzi enqabe ukudibana neengcali
Iifoto zoonografi zinika enye indlela elula ukufumana injabulo ngaphandle kokubonisa ezinye izinto ezabandakanyeka kwisini somntu kunye nomlando woluntu. Ingqondo idala enye indlela yokuziphatha ngokwesini engabandakanyi "omnye umntu wangempela" kwi-equation. Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa kwamanyala ekugqibeleni kwixesha elide kwenza amadoda angenelele ubunzima ekufumaneni ukulungiswa phambi kwamaqabane abo.
Ukuqhubela phambili, asifumani nxulumano phakathi kwe-CSBI Control and BIS-BAS. Oku kuya kubonisa ukuba ukungabikho kolawulo lokuziphatha ngokwesini kuhambelana nokuxhaswa ngokwesini kunye neendlela ezingavimbayo kwaye kungekhona ukusetyenziswa kokuziphatha ngokubanzi kunye neendlela zokuvimbela. Oku kuya kubonakala kukuxhasa ukucinga ukuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo ngokwesini njengento engasebenzi ngayo ngokwesini njengoko kucetyiswa nguKafka. Ukongezelela, akubonakali ukuba ukuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo kubonakaliso lwe-sex drive ephezulu, kodwa ukuba kubandakanya ukuxhalaba okuphezulu kunye nokungabikho kolawulo lokuvimbela, ubuncinane ngokubhekiselele ekuthintekeni ngenxa yeziphumo ezimbi ezingalindelekanga.
16) Uxhatshazo oluSini, uComplective Compulsive, okanye uSebenza ngokuSondo ngokuSebenzayo? Ukuphanda amaqela amathathu ahlukeneyo angamaGay kunye nabasetyhini kunye namacandelo abo e-HIV-Related Related Risk (2016) -Ukuba umnqweno ophakamileyo wesini kunye nokulutha ngokwesondo bekufana, kuya kubakho iqela elinye kuphela labantu ngabantu. Olu phononongo, njengale ingentla, luchaze amaqela amancinci ahlukeneyo, kodwa onke amaqela axele amaxabiso afanayo ezesondo.
Uphando olusakhulayo luxhasa imbono yokuba ukunyanzelisa ngokwesondo (SC) kunye ne-hypersexual disorder (HD) phakathi kwamadoda angama-gay kunye nabasetyhini (i-GBM) inokuqulunqwa njengamaqela amathathu-Akukho SC okanye i-HD; SC kuphela, yaye Zombini i-SC ne-HD-Ukuthabatha amanqanaba ahlukeneyo obunzima kwi-SC / HD continuum.
Phantse isiqingatha (i-48.9%) yale sampulu yesondo ebalaseleyo yahlelwa njenge Akukho SC okanye i-HD, Iipesenti ezingama-30 njenge SC kuphela, kunye ne-21.1% njenge Zombini i-SC ne-HD. Ngoxa sasingafumani nantlukwano ebalulekileyo phakathi kwamaqela amathathu kwiingxelo ezixeliweyo zamalingani abesilisa, izenzo zesondo zesini, okanye izenzo zesondo zangaphambili
17) Imiphumo yezinto ezisetyenziselwa ukuziphatha ngesondo ngokobuhlobo obusondeleyo bokuthandana (2016) - Njengokuba kunjalo nezinye iisifundo ezininzi, abasebenzisi bezononografi abazimeleyo baxela ubudlelwane obuhluphekileyo kunye nokwaneliseka ngokwesondo. Benzisa i Iphonografi yokuSebenzisa umphumo (I-PCES), uphando lufumene ukuba ukusetyenziswa koononophelo ophezulu kunxulumene nomsebenzi wesondo ohluphekileyo, iingxaki zesondo, kunye "nobomi obuninzi besini". Ingqungquthela echaza ukulungelelaniswa phakathi kwe-PCES "Imiphumo engebiyo" kwi "Ubomi boBomi" imibuzo kunye nokuphindaphinda kokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana:
Kwakungekho nantlukwano ebalulekileyo kwi-Negative Effect Dimension PCES kwixesha lokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphathekayo ngokwesini; nangona kunjaloLapha kwakukho umahluko ophawulekayo kwi-Life Life subscale apho abaSebenzi abaPhezulu beSatifikethi abaPhezulu babika imiphumo emibi kakhulu kunabasebenzisi abancinci be-Frequency Frequency.
18) Iimpawu zokuhlambalaza kunye nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini (2016) - Ingugqirha wezengqondo waseFrance ongumongameli wangoku we European Federation of Sexology. Nangona i-abstract ishintshana ngokuphindaphindiweyo phakathi kwe-intanethi ye-intanethi nokusebenzisa i-masturbation, kucacile ukuba ngokubhekiselele zonyango iintsholongwane zesondo (i-erectile dysfunction kunye ne-anorgasmia). Eli phepha libhekiselele kumava akhe eekliniki kunye namadoda e-35 aphuhlise ukungasebenzi kwe-erectile kunye / okanye i-anorgasmia, kunye neendlela zakhe zokwelapha zokubanceda. Umlobi uthi ezininzi izigulane zakhe zasebenzisa i-pornography, kunye neentlobo ezininzi zokuba zizilwelwe kwi-pornography. Iingcamango ezingabonakaliyo kwi-intanethi njengesizathu esibalulekileyo seengxaki (gcinani engqondweni ukuba i-masturbation ayibangeli i-ED engapheliyo, kwaye ayinakunikwa i-ED). Amacatshulwa:
intro: Ayinobungozi kwaye iyanceda nangendlela yakhe eqhelekileyo eyenziwa ngokubanzi, mukuhlaziywa kwifomu layo eligqithisileyo nelingaphambili, ngokuqhelekileyo idibaniswa nanamhlanje kumlutha woonwabo, ngokuqhelekileyo ukungahoywa ekuhlolweni kwekliniki yokungasebenzi kakubi ngokwesondo.
iziphumo: Iziphumo zokuqala zezi zi gulane, emva kokonyango ukuba "bangafundi" iimpawu zabo zokuziphatha kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwabo ngokugqithiseleyo, ukukhuthaza nokuthembisa. Ukuncitshiswa kweempawu kwafunyanwa kwizigulana ezili-19 kwezingama-35. Iziphumo zokungasebenzi kakuhle zahlehla kwaye ezi zigulana zikwazile ukonwabela ukwanela ngokwesondo.
Isiphelo: Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-masturbation, edlalwa kunye nokuxhomekeka kwi-cyber-pornography, kuye kwabonakala kubamba indima kwi-etiology yeentlobo ezithile ze-erectile disys function or coital hungjaculation. Kubalulekile ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo ubukho bale migaqo kunokuba kuqhutywe ukuxilongwa ngokupheliswa, ukwenzela ukubandakanya iindlela zokuqhelana nokukhubazeka ekulawuleni le mibabalazo.
19) Umzekelo woLawulo loBini-Indima yokuThintelwa koSondo kunye nokuNxanxwa koSondo kunye nokuziphatha (2007) - Ngokutsha kwakhona kwakhona kunye nokukholisa. Kuvavanyo olwenzela i-video ye-porn, i-50% yabaselula abazange bakwazi ukuvuswa okanye ukufezekisa kunye I-porn (iminyaka yobudala yayingu-29). Abaphandi abatshitshisayo bafumanisa ukuba i-erectile dysfunction yabesilisa yayinguye,
"ezinxulumene namanqanaba aphakamileyo ekuvezeni kunye namava ngezinto ezicacileyo zesini."
Amadoda athathwe kakubi erectile ayesebenzisa ixesha elininzi kwimivalo kunye neendawo zokuhlambela apho ubonwabo "ekhoyo, "Kwaye"ngokuqhubekayo ukudlala". Abaphandi bathi:
Incoko kunye nemixholo yomeleze umbono wethu wokuba kwezinye ze Ukuvezwa okuphezulu kwe-erotica kubonakala ngathi kukhokelele ekuphenduleni okuphantsi "kwe-vanilla sex" erotica kunye nesidingo esonyukayo sobutsha kunye nokwahluka, kwezinye iimeko kudityaniswa nesidingo seentlobo ezithile zezinto ezikhuthazayo ukuze kuvuswe. "
20) Imisebenzi yoxhatshazo kwi-intanethi: Ukuphononongwa ngokuphonononga kwimizekelo yokusebenzisa ingxaki kunye nokungenanto ingxaki kwisampula yamadoda (2016) - Olu pho nonongo lwaseBelgium oluvela phambili kwilunivesithi yophando olufumene i-Intan Nangona kunjalo abasebenzisi bezentlekelezi beengxaki bafumana iiminqweno ezinkulu. Uphando lubonakala luchaza ukukhula, njengoko i-49% yamadoda ibona iiposenti "bekungelona umdla kubo ngaphambili okanye ukuba babecinga njengento enyanyekayo. "(Jonga izifundo ukunika ingxelo yokuqhelanisa / ukuchithwa kobugqwetha kunye nokunyuka kokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana) Amacatshulwa:
"Olu phofu luqala ukuphanda ngokuthe ngqo ulwalamano phakathi kokungasebenzi kwezesondo kunye nokubandakanyeka ngengozi kwi-OSA. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba umnqweno ophezulu wezesondo, ukuthobela ukwaneliseka ngokwesondo, kunye nomsebenzi ophantsi we-erectile wawudibaniswe ne-OSA ezinengxaki (imisebenzi yezocwangciso zesondo). ezi Iziphumo zinokudibaniswa nezo zifundo zangaphambilini zibika izinga eliphezulu lokuvuselela ngokubambisana neempawu zokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo (Bancroft & Vukadinovic, 2004; Laier et al., 2013; Muise et al., 2013). ”
Ukongezelela, ekugqibeleni sinokufunda okucela abasebenzisi boononophala malunga nokunyuka kwenyuka kwizinto ezintsha okanye eziphazamisayo. Cinga ukuba yintoni efunyenweyo?
"Amashumi amabini anesithoba ekhulwini akhankanya amaxesha athile afuna umxholo wesondo okanye abandakanyeka kwii-OSA ezazingekho umdla kubo ngaphambili okanye ukuba zicinge, kwaye ama-61.7% axele ukuba ngamanye amaxesha ii-OSA bezinxulunyaniswa neentloni okanye iimvakalelo zokuziva benetyala. ”
Qaphela- le yi u kufunda kuqala ukuphanda ngokuthe ngqo ulwalamano phakathi kwezinto zesondo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana ezinobungozi. Ezinye izifundo ezimbini ezithi ziphandile ukusebenzisana phakathi kokusetyenziswa koononophelo kunye nokusebenza kwe-erectile zahlanganisana kunye nedatha ezivela kwizifundo zangaphambili kwimizamo engaphumelelanga yokuhlamba i-ED. Bobabini babegxeka kwiincwadi ezihlaziywe ngontanga: iphepha le-1 ayilona uphando olwenene, kwaye luye lwaye echazwe ngokupheleleyo; iphepha 2 zifumene imigaqo exhasa i-ED. Ngapha koko, iphepha le-2 yayilunxibelelwano "olufutshane" ayibhengeze idatha ebalulekileyo.
21) Isimo sokuThuthukiswa kwesisombululo kunye ne-Neural Ukudibanisa kwiZifundo kunye noKhuseleko lwezesondo (2016) - "Ukunyanzeliswa kwezesondo ngokunyanzelekileyo" (CSB) kuthetha ukuba amadoda ayengamakhoboka oononophala, kuba izifundo ze-CSB zilinganiselwe phantse iiyure ezingama-20 zokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana ngeveki. Ulawulo lilinganise imizuzu engama-29 ngeveki. Into enomdla kukuba I-3 yezifundo ze-20 ze-CSB ezikhankanywe kudliwanondlebe ukuba banengxaki yokugula, "ngelixa kungekho nasinye kwizifundo zolawulo ezichaze iingxaki zesondo.
22) Isifundo sibona ukudibanisa phakathi koonwabo kunye noxinzelelo lwezesondo (2017) - Iziphumo zophononongo oluzayo olwenziwe kwintlanganiso yonyaka yeAmerican Urological Association. Amacatshulwa ambalwa:
Amadoda amancinci abakhetha iinthombe zoononophelo kwiziganeko zentlonelo yehlabathi ngokwenene angafumanisa abanjwe ngumgibe, akakwazi ukwenza ngesondo nabanye abantu xa ithuba lizenzele, iingxelo ezintsha zokufunda. Amadoda angama-Porn-addicted are likely to suffer from erectile dysfunction and are less likely to be satisfied with sex, ngokutsho kweengxelo zophando ezinikezwe ngoLwesihlanu kwintlanganiso ye-American Urological Association yonyaka, eBoston.
23) "Ndicinga ukuba ibe yimpembelelo eninzi kwiindlela ezininzi kodwa ngexesha elifanayo andinakuyeka ukuyisebenzisa": Iifoto zoonografi ezizimeleyo ezizimeleyo zisetyenziswa phakathi kwesampula yabase-Australia abaselula (i-2017) -Uvavanyo olwenziwe kwi-Intanethi ngabantu base-Australia, abaneminyaka eli-15-29 ubudala. Abo bakhe babukela iphonografi (n = 856) babuzwa kumbuzo ongaphendulekiyo: 'Iphonografi ibuchaphazele njani ubomi bakho?'.
Phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba abaphendule kumbuzo ovulekileyo (n = 718), ukusetyenziswa kweengxaki kuye kwafunyanwa ngabaphenduli be-88. Abathathi-nxaxheba besilisa abavakalisa ukusetyenziswa kweengxaki zoononophelo ngengozi babonisa imiphumo kwimimandla emithathu: kwimisebenzi yesondo, ukuvusa kunye nobudlelwane. Iimpendulo zibandakanya "Ndicinga ukuba ibe yimpembelelo engalunganga ngeendlela ezininzi kodwa ngexesha elifanayo andinakuyeka ukuyisebenzisa" (Owesilisa, osemdala 18-19).
24) Ukuhlolisana Ubudlelwane Phakathi Kokuphazamiseka Kwezakhono Ngethuba lexesha lexesha eliqhelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezicacileyo ngokwesondo, ukuxhatshazwa kwezesondo kwi-intanethi, kunye nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kwi-Young Adulthood (2009) - Uvavanyo luhlolisise ukudibanisa phakathi kokusetyenziswa koononophelo lwangoku (izinto ezicacileyo ngokwesini - i-SEM) kunye neentsholongwane zesondo, kunye nokusetyenziswa koonobumba ngexesha le "latency period" (iminyaka eyi-6-12) kunye neentsholongwane zesondo. Umyinge weminyaka yabathathi-nxaxheba yi22. Nangona ukusetyenziswa koononophelo lwangoku kuhambelanayo neentsholongwane zesondo, ukusetyenziswa koononophelo ngexesha le-latency (iminyaka eyi-6-12) inelungelelwano oluqinileyo kunye neentsholongwane zesondo. Ambalwa amacatshulwa:
Iziphumo ziphakanyisiwe ukuba ukuphazamiseka kokungabikho komzimba ngokweendlela zokwenza izinto ezichazwe ngokwesondo (SEM) kunye / okanye ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana ngokoxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kunokudibaniswa nokuziphatha kakubi kwezesondo kwi-intanethi.
Ngaphezulu, iziphumo ziboniswe ukuba i-latency exposure ye-latency yayiyi-predictor ephawulekayo yokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini.
Sifumanisa ukuba ukungena kwi-latency exposure ye-SEM kwakuza kuxela ukusetyenziswa kwabantu abadala kwi-SEM. Iziphumo ezifunyenweyo zixhasayo i-hypothesis yethu, kwaye zabonisa ukuba ukuchithwa kwe-SEM latency kwakuyi-predictor ye-SEM yabantu abadala. Oku kuphakanyisiwe ukuba abantu abaye bavezwa kwi-SEM ngethuba le-latency, bangaqhubeka nokuziphatha okuba ngabantu abadala. Iziphumo zokufunda zibonise ukuba I-latency exposure ye-SEM yayiyindlela ebalulekileyo yokuziphatha kwabantu abadala kwi-intanethi.
25) Iintlanganiso zeeKlinikhi kunye ne-intanethi ye-intanethi (2008) - Iphepha elipheleleyo, kunye neemeko ezine zonyango, ezibhaliweyo ngumfo wezifo zengqondo owaziwayo ngemiphumo emibi kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi yayinezinye izigulane zakhe. Ingqungqutyana engezantsi ichaza indoda engama-31 ubudala eyayinyuka kwiindawo ezingabonakaliyo ezigqithisileyo kwaye yavelisa iminqweno yesondo kunye neengxaki zesini. Le ngenye yamaphepha okuqala ahloliswe ngontanga ukuze abonise ukusetyenziswa koononophelo okukhokelela ekunyamezelweni, ukunyuka kwamanani, kunye nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo.
Umntu oneminyaka eyi-31 ubudala kwi-psychotherapy ye-analytic ngenxa yeengxaki ezixutywayo ezixubileyo zichaze ukuba wayejongene nobunzima bokuzibandakanya ngesondo ngokuvuswa ngumlingani wakhe okhoyo. Emva kokuxubusha okuninzi malunga nomfazi, ubudlelwane babo, iimpikiswano ezinokuthi zenzekile okanye izinto ezixinzezelekileyo zengqondo (ngaphandle kokufika kwenkcazelo eyanelisayo yesibheno sakhe), wanikela ingcaciso yokuba wayethembele kwindalo ethile yokuvuswa. Ngenye indlela, wachaza "umzekeliso" we-orgy ebandakanya amadoda namabhinqa amaninzi awamfumene kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi eyayifumene kwaye ibe enye yezintandokazi zakhe. Ngaphezulu kweeseshoni ezininzi, wachaza ngokusebenzisa i-intanethi ye-intanethi, umsebenzi awayebenzile ngokukhawuleza ukususela kwi-20.
Iinkcukacha ezichaphazelekayo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwakhe kunye nemiphumo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zazibandakanya inkcazo ecacileyo yokunyaniseka okwenyukayo ekubukeni nasekukhunjuleni imifanekiso engamanyala ukuze ivuse ngesondo. Wachaza nokuphuhliswa "kokunyamezela" kwimiphumo evuselayo nayiphi na into ethile emva kwexesha elithile, elilandelwa ukukhangela izinto ezintsha eziza kufezekisa ngaphambili, inqanaba elifunayo lokuvuselela ngokwesondo.
Njengoko sihlolisise ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwezolonografi, kwacaca ukuba iingxaki zokuvuselela kunye neqabane lakhe langoku zihambisana nokusetyenziswa kwezonografi, kanti "ukunyamezela" kwimiphumo ekhuthazayo yezinto eziphathekayo kwenzeka nokuba ngaba wayengabandakanyeka kunye neqabane ngexesha okanye wayesebenzisa uonografi ngokuphinga. Ukuxhalaba kwakhe malunga nokuziphatha ngokwesini kwenzelwe ukuthembela ekubukeni kwimizobo engamanyala. Ayazi ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokwabo kwakuyinkathazo, wayeyichaze ukunyaniseka kwakhe ngokwesondo kwiqabane lakhe ukuba uthethe ukuba akafanelekanga kuye, kwaye wayengenalo ubudlelwane obude ngaphezu kweenyanga ezimbini ngaphezu kweyisixhenxe, ukutshintshana elinye iqabane omnye ngomnye njengoko unokutshintsha iiwebhusayithi.
Kwakhona waphawula ukuba ngoku unokuveliswa yizinto eziphathekayo zobulili ezingenasithakazelo ekusebenziseni. Ngokomzekelo, waphawula ukuba iminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo wayenomdla wokubheka imifanekiso yobundlobongela bokulala kodwa ngoku ifumene izinto ezinjalo zivuselela. Ngokufanayo, izinto ezichazwe ngokuba "ngumhleli," apho wayesethetha ukuba "zinobudlova okanye zinyanzelise," yinto efunyenwe ngokusabela kuye ngokwesondo, kanti loo nto yayingenanto kwaye yayingenakukubeka. Ngolunye lwezifundo ezitsha, wazifumanisa ukhathazeka kwaye akanakukhathazeka njengoko wayeya kuvuswa.
26) Ukuphonononga iiprofayili zenkxaso yesondo kunye ne-correlates esebenzisa uhlalutyo lwefayile (2019) - Ukubhalwa kwe- esi sifundo se-2019 ishiya okunqwenelekayo. Oko kwathiwa eli nani # 4 kwiphepha elipheleleyo libonisa okuninzi: ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwe-porn kunxulumene kakhulu namanqaku ahluphekayo (1) inkanuko yesini evumelanayo (HSP); (2) ukuthanda inkanuko yesini (OSP); (3) ukoneliseka ngokwesondo (SEXSAT); (4) ulwaneliseko lobomi (LIFESAT). Ukubeka nje, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwe-porn kunxulunyaniswa namanqaku asezantsi kakhulu kwinkanuko yesini (umnqweno wesini), ukoneliseka ngokwesondo kunye nokwoneliseka bubomi (iqela ngasekunene). Xa kuthelekiswa, iqela elinamanqaku aphezulu kuwo onke la manyathelo lalinengxaki yokusebenzisa i-porn (iqela ukuya ekhohlo).
27) Igalelo lomnqweno wesini kunye neenjongo zokusetyenziswa ngokunyanzelekileyo kwe-cybersex (2019) -Umlutha we-cybersex wayenobudlelwane obuncinci kakhulu kwisini. Kubonakala ngathi likhoboka, hayi i-libido ephezulu. Izicatshulwa:
Ukongeza umahluko wesini, iziphumo zethu zibonisa ukuba umnqweno wesondo udlala kuphela indima encinci (emadodeni), okanye akukho ndima (kubafazi) ekusebenziseni inyanzelekileyo ye-cybersex. Ukongeza, inkxaso-mali encinci yokuphucula i-CMQ ibonakala ngathi ayifakeli manqaku kumanqaku eCIUS Oku kuphakamisa ukuba umlutha we-cybersex awuqhutywa ngokwesondo okanye kuphela kumncinci kumadoda. Tukufumanisa kwakhe kuyahambelana nezinye izifundo ezibonisa ukuba ukuthanda iividiyo ezibonisa amanyala ngokwesini (IVoon et al., 2014) kunye nemisebenzi yezesondo (okt, inani labantu onxibelelana nabo ngokwesondo, ukoneliseka ngabantu obaqhagamshelana nabo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-cybersex).ILaier et al., 2014; ILaier, iPekal, kunye neBrand, 2015).
Njengoko kucetyisiwe kolunye uphononongo malunga nokuziphatha okuluthayo, ubungakanani "bokuthanda" (i-hedonic drive) kubonakala ngathi kudlala indima encinci kunendlela "yokufuna" (inkuthazo) kunye nemilinganiselo "yokufunda" (imibutho eqikelelweyo kunye nokuqonda, umzekelo, ukufunda malunga neemvakalelo ezimbi isiqabu xa usebenzisa i-cybersex; IBerridge, iRobinson, kunye neAldridge, 2009; URobinson kunye neBerridge, ngo-2008).
Kwisiqalo sokuqala, indima encinci yomnqweno wesini kunye nokunyusa iinjongo kwi-cybersex enyanzelekileyo ibonakala iyinto engafanelekanga. Kubonakala ngathi imeko yesondo yokwanelisa ayisiyonto iphambili yokuziphatha. Oku kuqatshelwayo kunokucaciswa yinto yokuba i-CIUS ayisiyo imilinganiselo yesini okanye yokusebenzisa i-cybersex, kodwa luvavanyo lokusetyenziswa okunyanzelekileyo kwe-cybersex. Iziphumo ziyahambelana nenkqubo enxulumene nolondolozo lweempawu zokuziphatha ezigwenxa. Kuye kwaxelwa ukuba iziyobisi zigcinwa ngokutshintsha ukusuka kulwaneliseko (okt, ukukhangela umvuzo othe ngqo wesondo) ukuya kwimbuyekezo (okt, ukufuna ukuphuma kwiimowudi ezingalunganga; Incinci kunye neBrand, 2017).
28) Ukuchongwa okuThathu kweNgxaki yeHypersexuality; Zeziphi iikhrayitheriya ezixela indlela yokuziphatha ekufuna uncedo? (2020) -Ukusuka kwisiphelo:
Ngaphandle kwemida ekhankanyiweyo, sicinga ukuba olu phando lunegalelo kwicandelo lophando lwe-PH kunye nokuphononongwa kweembono ezintsha (ezinengxaki) yokuziphatha kwabantu abathandana nabantu ekuhlaleni. Sigxininisa ukuba uphando lwethu lubonise ukuba "Ukurhoxa" kunye "nokulahleka kolonwabo", njengenxalenye yezinto "zeZiphumo eziNgekhoyo", kunokuba zizalathiso ezibalulekileyo ze-PH (ingxaki yoxhatshazo ngokwesini). Kwelinye icala, "Ubuninzi be-Orgasm", njengenxalenye ye "Isifiso soSondo" (kubasetyhini) okanye njenge-covariate (yamadoda), ayibonisanga amandla okubandlulula ukwahlula i-PH kwezinye iimeko.. Ezi ziphumo zicebisa ukuba kumava eengxaki zokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini, ingqalelo kufuneka ijolise ngakumbi ku "Ukurhoxa", "Ukuphulukana nokonwaba", kunye nezinye "Iziphumo eziNgekhoyo" zokuba ubundlobongela, hayi kakhulu kwisini okanye "ukuqhuba ngokwesondo okugqithisileyo" [60] kuba ikakhulu "ziZiphumo eziNgekho mthethweni" ezinxulunyaniswa nokufumana isexual as yingxaki.
Kwisampulu yangoku, nangona kunjalo, abo bathathi-nxaxheba banamazinga aphezulu e-orgasm babesemngciphekweni wokufumana iingxaki zokuziphatha ngokwesini, apho sigqiba ekubeni isigqibo sokunqumama phakathi kwengxaki yesini enengxaki kunye nengxaki [37,58] ayinakuqinisekiswa. Ngokufanayo, "ukunyamezelana" (ukufuna isondo ngakumbi nangakumbi) akunakusetyenziswa ukuvavanya i-PH; njengenxalenye ye- Umnqweno wesondo, kukuxelwa kwangaphambili kwe-PH. Olu phando lubonisa ukuba lolokuqala kwaye oluphambili "Iziphumo eziNgekho mthethweni" ezibonisa ukuba ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini kunamava njengengxaki. Ukonyuka komnqweno wesini kunye nokuhamba rhoqo kwezesondo ayizizo izikhombisi ezilungileyo ze-PH kwisampulu yabantu abathandabuzayo ngenqanaba labo le-PH.
Ngamafutshane, ubungqina bokuba i-intanethi iyonakalisa umnqweno wesini oqhelekileyo, ishiya abasebenzisi bengaphenduli kangako kulonwabo. Banokulangazelela iphonografi, kodwa obo bungqina bunokubakho kotshintsho olunxulumene nomlutha notshintsho olubizwa ngokuba yi "ku khuthazwa”(Ukuphinda-phinda ukwenziwa kwakhona kwezinto ezinxulumene neziyobisi). Iminqweno ngokuqinisekileyo ayinakuthathwa njengobungqina be-libido enkulu.
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Iingcinga ezi-2 kuIzifundo ziyaxoka ibango lokuba isini kunye neziyobisi ezingamanyala "banomnqweno ophezulu wesondo""
Amagqabantshintshi zivaliwe.