IINKCUKACHA ZEYBOP: Iziphumo ezibalulekileyo kolu phononongo kukuba akukho xesha lichithwe kubukelwa iphonografi kwi-Intanethi okanye izinto zobuntu ezinxulumene nenqanaba leengxaki ezixeliweyo ngokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi (amanqaku ezesondo e-IAT). Endaweni yoko, yayikukuqina kwamava kunye nenani lezinto ezintsha (izicelo ezahlukeneyo ezivuliweyo) ezazibalulekile… ukucebisa ukuba amanqanaba edopamine ayedlala. Ngokubanzi kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba iingxaki zobuntu ezichaza kwangaphambili ukuba zeziphi ezenza ukuba ubukho be-porn bunokwenzeka, kodwa kunokuba ngamanqanaba e-dopamine, ngokwahlukileyo kubuntu.
Njengoko kuvela, inqanaba leengxaki zengqondo (ingxelo, ukuxhalaxwa kweentlalo, ukuxinezeleka, nokunyanzelisa) kubonakala kuhambelana nendlela ukukhupha okuvelisa ngayo, kunye nenani lezicelo ezisetyenzisiweyo (isantya sezinto ezintsha). Yiyo kanye into enokuyilindela ngokunyanzela okuqhubekayo. Ukususela kwingxoxo yokufunda, ngezantsi:
"Nangona singakhange sivavanye ulungelelwaniso lobuchopho lokubukela imifanekiso engamanyala kwi-Intanethi kwisifundo sethu, safumana ubungqina bokuqala bovavanyo lonxibelelwano olunokubakho phakathi kokuphinda sisebenzise izinto ezingamanyala kwi-Intanethi."
I-Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2011 Juni; 14 (6): 371-7. I-doi: 10.1089 / cyber.2010.0222. Epub 2010 Nov 30.
Brand M, Laier C, Pawlikowski M, Schächtle U, Schöler T, Altstötter-Gleich C.
imvelaphi
I-Psychology jikelele: Ukuqonda, iYunivesithi yaseDuisburg-Essen, i-Forsthausweg 2, iDuisburg, eJamani. [imeyile ikhuselwe]
Abstract
Ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo okanye kumlingo we-intanethi kunokuxhunywa kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ye-intanethi, njenge-Intanethi yokudlala okanye i-cybersex. Ukusetyenziswa kweendawo zoononografi kwi-intanethi yinto ebalulekileyo ye-intanethi ye-intanethi. Injongo yomsebenzi wangoku kwakuyihlolisiso lwezinto ezingabonakaliyo zokutyekela kwi-cyber sex addiction ngokwezikhalazo ezizimeleyo kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla ngenxa yezenzo zesondo ze-intanethi. Sijolise ekuhloleni ngokuzenzekelayo kwezinto eziphathekayo zoonobumba be-intanethi ngokubhekiselele kwisiganeko sokuxhaswa ngokwesondo kunye neengqondo zengqondo, kunye neempawu zengqondo njengeziganeko ezingabonakaliyo. Sihlolisise i-89 isini esithandana nabo besilisa, abathathi-nxaxheba abathathi-nxaxheba abanomsebenzi wokuvavanya ukuvavanya ngokwesondo nokuvusa i-valence emoyeni.
Uvavanyo lweNtsholongwane ye-Intanethi (i-IAT) kunye neenguqu eguqulelwe i-IAT kwimisebenzi yezocwangciso ze-intanethi (i-IATsex), kwakunye neminye imibuzo ephakamileyo yokulinganisa iimpawu zengqondo kunye neembalo zobuntu nazo zalawulwa ngabathathi-nxaxheba.
Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba iingxaki ezizixelayo zobomi bemihla ngemihla ezixhomekeke kwimisebenzi yezocwangciso ze-intanethi zachazwa ngokulinganiswa kobulili obuphathekayo obuphathekayo bezinto eziphathekayo zobulili, ubunzima behlabathi beempawu zengqondo, kunye nenani lesicelo sezesondo esetyenzisiweyo xa usebenzisa iisayithi zezocansi ze-intanethi kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla, ngeli xesha ixesha elichithwa kwiisayithi zezesini ze-intanethi (imizuzu ngemini) azizange zenze igalelo elikhulu ekuchazeni ukungafani kwinqanaba le-IATsex. Ubunobuntu bokubambisana bekungakhange luhambelane kakhulu namanqaku e-IATsex.
Uphononongo lubonisa indima ebalulekileyo yeempawu ezivakalayo zokuvusa kunye nezengqondo njengezinto ezinokubakho ukuphuhliswa okanye ukugcinwa komsebenzi wesondo ogqithiseleyo kwi-intanethi.
UFUNDA [amatafula akhiyiwe]
intshayelelo
Ngamhla, i-intanethi isetyenziswe kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla njengethuluzi elincedo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu abanakho ukukwazi ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwe-Intanethi kwaye ngoko banakho iingxaki ebomini babo bemihla ngemihla ngokuphathelele ubudlelwane boluntu, umsebenzi okanye iinkqubo zemfundo, imiba yezemali kunye nentlalo yengqondo.1-3 Into ebaluleke kakhulu Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi kudla ngokuba yi-intanethi (umz., I-2 Block, 4 Chou et al., 5 Widyanto kunye neGriffiths, i-6 ne-Praterelli kunye ne-Browne7), nangona ibizwa ngokuba ngamaqendu amanqaku ambalwa.8-11
Olunye uhlobo lwe-intanethi ye-intanethi ligqithise kakhulu kwi-cybersex, ebonakala ngathi yinkinga ephakamileyo, ngakumbi kwiintlanga zorhwebo. Abanye abalobi bathi i-intanethi iyona nto inamandla kakhulu ekuphuhliseni umlutha we-intanethi.I-8 Imiphumo emibi ye-cybersex yoxinzelelo iquka ukusetyenziswa koononografi e-intanethi ngabaqeshwa kwindawo yokusebenzela, i-12 ingozi eyongezelelekileyo yokufumana izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi kubantu abafuna ngokugqithiseleyo amaqabane ngokwesini i-13 kunye-njengomzekelo wokugqibela-ukuxhamla okunxibelelwano phakathi kokusetyenziswa koonografi kunye nobudlova.14 Kubaluleka kokuqwalasela i-correlates ye-cybersex ngokweqile kwagxininiswa ngu-Kafka.15
Nangona isihloko soxilongwane lwe-inthanethi sinobuchule obuphezulu beklinikhi, kuye kwagqitywa ngokungafuneki kuphando olwangaphambili. I-16,17 Kwiinkalo ezininzi zeengcamango zengqondo kunye nobuntu bemisebenzi ye-Intanethi ngokubanzi, i-online / computer gamers ngokuyinhloko ifakwe kwiisampuli18-20 okanye akukho nto eyahlukileyo phakathi kwemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ye-intanethi yenziwe.Izifundo ze-21-24 eziphambili ziphanda iindlela zokuzama ukusebenzisa ukulaliswa kwe-cybersex ilahlekile.
I-Cybersex iquka iifom ezininzi ezisebenzayo, ezinjengokufuna amaqabane olwabelana ngesondo ngobomi boqobo, ingxoxo yesondo, isondo nge-kamera yewebhu, njalonjalo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyberpornography yinto ebalulekileyo ye-cybersex. Nangona ezinye iinkcukacha malunga neempawu zentlalo zabantu abasebenzisa i-cyberpornography zikhona, i-16,17,25 ayikho into efunyenweyo yokuhlola isicatshulwa ngokuchanekileyo indlela ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyberpornography kubonwa ngayo ngabasebenzisi.XXUMUMX Young16 icetyise ukuba ukulindela ukufumana ukuvuthwa ngokwesondo kunye nokuxhaswa yiyona nto ebalulekileyo yokhuthazo lwe-inthanethi. Young26). Oku kuhambelana ngokuzenzekelayo iingxelo zezifundo ezidla ngokugqithiseleyo i-cyberpornography.3 Nangona kunjalo, njengoko kukhonjiswe nguGriffith, i-27 ayikho idatha eqhelekileyo yokuhlola ekhoyo exhasa inkxaso mabango ase-Young.28 Kwinqanaba lezemfundo, lenza ingqiqo ukuba ucinga ukuba izifundo ezixhatshazwayo kwi-cyber sex experience is episode emotionally accompanied by sexually stimulating when you use the Internet. Kungenzeka nokuba zezifundo ezisebenzisa ii-intanethi ze-intanethi zixhaphaza kakhulu ngokubangela ukukhuthaza inxaxheba ngokwesigxina sezocansi (jonga ingxoxo malunga 'nokufuna' 'nokuthanda' njengezinto ezimbini zomvuzo, umz. IBergridge kunye neXXXXX ). Nangona kunjalo, ezi zicatshulwa zifuna ukuvavanywa ngokwemigaqo.
Kwinqanaba elincinciweyo, sibona ukufana okuphakathi kweendlela zokuqonda kunye neengqondo ezingabangela ukuba kugcinwe i-cybersex ngokweqile kunye nalabo bachazwa ngabantu abanexhomekeke kwimpahla okanye umlutha wokuziphatha (umz. Ngokomzekelo, kwaziwa ukuba iingqondo zezifundo ngokuxiliswa kotywala okanye ukuxhomekeka kwezinto ezichaphazelekayo zichaphazela emoyeni (ukusebenza kwe-ventral striatum) xa zijongene nemifanekiso enxulumene notywala okanye imichiza .30-32 Ezinye izifundo zigxininisa ukuba iimpendulo zokulangazelela (cue -kusebenza) kunokufunyanwa kwizifundo ezinemizila yokuziphatha, njengengcakazo yokugembula33 kunye-ngoku kutshanje-nakwezo zifundo ezidlala ngokugqithiseleyo iWorld Warcraft19 okanye enye imidlalo yeekhompyutheni. I-18 Ezi zifundo ziguqulela kumbono wokuthi ukulangazelela ukujonga ukujonga umlutha i-stimuli ibalulekile ukulungelelaniswa kokuziphatha komlutha.
Izakhiwo kunye neepala-limbic ezikhankanywe (umz., I-ventral striatum) nazo zibandakanyeka ekusebenzeni ngokwesondo kwaye zidibene nezinye izakhiwo zobuchopho ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvusweni ngokwesini nangokwezesondo .34-40 Ngoko ke, Kubonakala ngathi kunokwenzeka ukuba ezo ndawo zengqondo zibandakanyeka ekusebenziseni i-sexual stimulation, kunye nokuvusa isondo kunye nomsebenzi, kunye nokukhanga abantu ngendlela enokuziphatha kakubi, kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphuhliseni nasekugcinweni kokuziphatha kakubi kumxholo we-cybersex.
Iinjongo kunye neengcamango zesifundo samanje
Injongo ephambili yocwaningo lwanje kukuphanda izilungelelaniso ezinokubakho kunye neziganeko zokubeka izikhalazo ezizimeleyo kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla ngenxa yezenzo zesondo ezithintekayo kwi-intanethi (njengomlinganiselo wokuthambekela ekubhekaneni noxilongwane lwe-inthanethi) kwi-laboratory setting setting. Njengokuba sisisiseko esilungelelanisa kwezi zikhalazo ezizimeleyo, sagxininisa ekuhloleni ngokuzenzekelayo kweefoto ze-cyberpornographic, oko kukuthi, ukulinganisa okuzithobayo kweemifanekiso 'ezivukisayo. Siphinde siphonononge umlinganiselo weempawu zengqondo ezifana nokuxhalaba kweentlalo, ukuxinezeleka kunye nokunyanzelisa. Ngaphezu koko, sahlola ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo ezithile ze-inthanethi, kunye neendlela ezininzi zobuntu (ukuvuza umonakalo, iintloni).
Ukunikezelwa ngolu hlobo lweencwadi ezibhekiselele kwi-cue reactivity kubantu abaxhomekeke kwizinto ezixhomekeke kwizinto ezixhomekeke kwizinto eziphathekayo, kunye neentlobo ezithile zokuziphatha okubi, i-18,19,30-33 kunye kunye neencwadi ezimalunga neempawu zesifo sengqondo kwizifundo ezinobungozi bokuziphatha kunye nokuphazamiseka kokulawula, 41-44 esicacisa ukuba Ukunyamekela ukuxhatshazwa kwe-cybersex-ngokwemiphumo emibi engathandabuzekiyo emibi ye-intanethi kwindlela yokuphila kwansuku zonke-kuqikelelwe ngokuvusa ukuziphatha ngokwesini xa ubukela izinto eziphathekayo zoonobumba be-intanethi kunye nobukhulu behlabathi kwiimpawu zengqondo. Siphinde sitshengise ukuba uluhlu lwezenzo zesondo ze-intanethi (inani le-intanethi yesicelo esisetyenziswa kwi-intanethi) kunye nexesha elichithwe kwiisayithi zezesondo ze-intanethi zongezelela ukulinganisa iingxaki zeengxaki ezichazwe kwimihla ngemihla ngenxa yokuxhatshazwa kwe-cybersex. Iingcamango zishwankathelwe kwi-Figure 1.
Izinto kunye neendlela zokuthatha inxaxheba
Sihlolisise i-89 abathathi-nxaxheba bendoda (abathathi-nxaxheba be-23.98, iminyaka eyi-SDXXXX). Kuthetha imfundo yeesampuli kwakuneminyaka eyi-4.09 (SD¼13.42). Abathathi-nxaxheba babesetyenziswe ngesikhangiso sendawo kwaye bahlawulwa ngeyure nganye yehorenti yokuthatha inxaxheba (i-1.71 neyure). Isibhengezo sibonise ukuba amadoda angama-sexually amenywa ukuba athathe inxaxheba kwisifundo kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi kwaye ezi zifundo ziya kubambisana ne-Internet. Ukusetyenziswa kwangaphambili kweziza ze-intanethi kwakungekho mfuneko yokuthatha inxaxheba. Inkqubo yokufaka i-inclusion ifuna ukuba abantu bangabi naso nembali yesifo sengqondo okanye isifo sengqondo, njengoko kugqitywe ukuhlolwa. Naluphi na ukuphazamiseka kwezinto ezinxulumene neziyobisi kunye neendlela zokungabikho. Bonke abathathi-nxaxheba banikezela imvume ebhaliweyo enolwazi phambi kophando.
Ababambene nxaxheba be-51 (57.3%) babesabambisene nabanye abantu, i-35 (39.3%) yayingekho, kwaye i-3 (3.3%) ayiphenduli kulo mbuzo. Kuthetha iminyaka yobudala kwi-intanethi kusetyenziswe i-13.90 (SD¼2.88) iminyaka ebonisa ukuba ubude bexesha lokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi yi-10.08 (SD¼2.88) iminyaka. Iintsuku ezithethayo ngeveki yokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi ngezizathu zobuqu ziyi-6.44 (SD¼1.13) kunye nezifundo ezisetyenziswe kwi-223.87 (SD¼107.88) imizuzu ngemini kwi-intanethi (ithetha ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi yeeyure ze-26.12 ngeveki). Ngokubhekiselele ekusebenziseni i-intanethi, zonke izifundo ze-89 zichazwe ngeFIG. 1. Umzekeliso wecala lokuxilonga kwe-cybersex ngokwemiphumo emibi ngokuzithobelayo yemisebenzi yezocwangciso kwi-intanethi kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla. 2 BRAND ET AL. ukuba basebenzise ii-sites zokunxibelelana nge-intanethi ubuncinane kanye kanye ebomini babo. Kuthetha iminyaka yobudala ngokwesondo ngo-16.33 (SD¼3.56) iminyaka. Iintsuku eziqhelekileyo ngeveki yokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi yi-2.0 (SD¼1.85, i-¼0-7) kunye nezifundo ezichithwe ngokuqhelekileyo 36.07 (SD¼31.21, i-¼0-150) imizuzu ngemini kwiindawo ze-intanethi (i-72.14 imizuzu ngeveki, i-SD¼62.44, i-¼0-300). Amanqaku okugqibela ahambelana neengxelo ezichazwe ngaphambili. 25,45,46
Procedure
Yonke imibuzo kunye neparadigm yokuhlola yayisetyenziswe kubathathi-nxaxheba kwiziko lebhubhoratri. Yonke imisebenzi kunye nemibuzo i-computer-based ngaphandle kweSmptom Checklist. Uviwo lonke luquka imiyalelo kunye nokuxoxwa kwemali kuthathe imizuzu engama-75.
Izixhobo
Iparadigm yovavanyo.
Ukuvavanya ukuvavanya kweemvakalelo zengqondo kunye nokuvuswa kwabafundi xa bebukela i-intanethi ye-intanethi, sasebenzisa imifanekiso e-40 ecacileyo ebonise enye ibhinqa okanye isithandana sabantu besini ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo. Ukuziphatha ngokwesondo kuboniswe ngokucacileyo kumfanekiso ngamnye. Abafazi / amadoda abonakalisiweyo babeneminyaka elilinganiselwayo phakathi kwe-20 kunye ne-35 iminyaka. Ukuze wenze imifanekiso ifaneke ngokukhawuleza kwimeko yehlabathi yangempela, sasebenzisa iwindow yomgcini-bhrawu eqhelekileyo apho sidlulela imifanekiso eyahlukileyo. Kwifestile yesiphequluli, idilesi yewebhsayithi yayimiselwe kwikhasi lewebhu elingaveliyo (www.sexbild.de). Zonke ezinye iinkcukacha ezibonisiweyo (ixesha, iinkqubo ezivulekileyo, njl njl) nazo zazinye. Ngomfanekiso ngamnye, umfanekiso omnye kuphela uboniswe kwinqanaba lewindow. Imifanekiso yakhethwa kwiiWebhusayithi ezifumaneka ngokukhululekile eziqulethwe ngokomthetho kwaye zazingekho mrhumo. Imifanekiso ayinayo nayiphi na into esemgangathweni yomntwana.
Izifundo zacelwa ukuba zilinganise umfanekiso ngamnye ngokwahlukileyo ngokubhekiselele kwisondo sokuvuna (isilinganiselo esivela kwi-1 ukuya kwi-7, apho i-1''nokuvusa isondo '' kunye ne7'''ubundlobongela bezesondo '', i-valence emoyeni (isixa esivela kwi-1 ukuya 7, apho i-1''negative valence emoyeni '' kunye ne7'''i-valence emoyeni '' kunye nokubonakaliswa kwezinto ze-cyberpornographic (isixa esivela ku-1 ukuya kwi7, apho i1''esithombeni ayimmeli '' kunye ne7¼ '' umfanekiso umele kakhulu ''). Ukulinganiswa kokumelwa kwemifanekiso kwakufakiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba sele sikhethe izinto ezimele imifanekiso esetyenziswayo kwimihla ngemihla. Umyalelo womboniso wesithombe wawungenangqondo. Ukungqinelana kwangaphakathi (iCronbach's a) yezikali kwaku: ukulinganisa ngokwesondo (aXXUMUMX), ukulinganiswa kwe-valence emoyeni (i-¼0.951), kunye nokulinganisa ukulinganisa (aX0.962).
Iinguqu ezimbini ze-Internet Test Addiction Test.
Izikhalazo ezingasetyenziswayo kwimihla ngemihla ngenxa yokusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kwe-intanethi kwaye iimpawu zokuxilwa kwe-Intanethi ziye zahlolwa yi-German version ye-Internet Addiction Test (IAT) .47,48 Inguqulo yesiNgesi yasekuqaleni yaguqulelwa kwisiJamani ngesithethi ezimbini zesiNgesi / isiJamani kunye ibuye isetyenziswe ngesibini isithethi sesibili. Ukongeza, sasebenzisa inguqu eguqulelwe ye-IAT apho imiqathango ethi '' inthanethi '' okanye '' i-intanethi '' kwi-IAT yasekuqaleni yatshintshwa ngemigqaliselo '' kwi-intanethi yesenzo socansi '' kunye '' Iziza zesondo ze-intanethi '' ngokulandelelana (sathi le nguqulelo eguqulelwe i-IATsex). Le IATsex yayisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya izikhalazo ezizimeleyo kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla ngenxa yezenzo zesondo ze-intanethi kunye neempawu ezinokubakho koxilongo lwe-inthanethi. Umzekelo wento ye-IAT yasekuqaleni kunye neenguqu eziguquguqukileyo (IATsex) yile: '' Kangakanani ufumana ukuba uhlala kwi-intanethi ixesha elide kunokuba ulihlose? '' (IAT yasekuqaleni) kunye '' Ufumana kaninzi ukuba ukuhlala kwiisayithi zezesondo ze-intanethi ixesha elide kunokuba ufuna? '' (IATsex). Iinguqu zombini ze-IAT zisetyenziselwa izinto ze-20, kwaye isilinganisi esisetyenzisiweyo sisuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-5 ('' ayinqabile '' kuya '' rhoqo ''), oku kuphumela kumlinganiselo okhoyo phakathi kwe20 kunye ne100. Ukungqinelana kwangaphakathi (iCronbach's a) yezi zikali kwakuyi-IAT (aXXUMUMX) kunye ne-IATsex (aX0.878).
Iinkcukacha ezongezelelekileyo malunga nemisebenzi yezocwangciso zezocansi.
Abathathi-nxaxheba baceliwe ukuba babonise ukuba kaninzi kangakanani (kwinqanaba le-0 ku-4, apho i-0¼''never '' kunye ne4 '' xa i-intanethi '') isebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-intanethi (umz. ngekhamera yewebhu, ukuxoxa ngesondo, ukufuna abahlobo bezesondo). Kwakhona babuzwa ukuba kaninzi kangakanani (kwi-0 ukuya kwi-4, apho i-0''never '' kunye ne4''eyo xa i-intanethi '') ikhetha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphathekayo zobulili (umz. abafazi balala ngesinye indoda, amabhinqa amabini kunye nomntu oyedwa, amadoda amabini kunye nabasetyhini bodwa, isondo sesini, isondo phakathi kwabesetyhini ababini okanye phakathi kwamadoda amabini). Ekugqibeleni, iinkqubo ezininzi zesondo okanye ezithathayo (umzekelo, isisu, umlomo, okanye umlenze wokungena, umtsalane, isikhumba, ukunqanda, ukukhula, ukutshiza, njl.) Zidweliswe, kwaye izifundo zacelwa ukuba ngaba zikhethwa ngokukhethekileyo kulezi zinto kwi-intanethi (impendulo yegoyi yeewe / hayi; bonke kunye kunye neenkqubo ze-18 / iifesti zavanywa).
Izimpawu zengqondo-yengqondo, ukuphendula umvuzo, kunye neentloni.
I-Psychological-psychiatric izimpawu zahlolwa ngeSmptom Check List (SCL-90-R), i-49 enamaqela angama-9: i-somatization, ukunyanzeliswa, ukukhathazeka, ukuxhalaba, ukuxhalaba, ukuxhalaba, ukukhathazeka, kwengqondo. Ukongezelela, isalathisi sobunzima behlabathi singabalwa. Ukongezelela, sasebenzisa i-questionnaire ye-German short version yeXXUMUMX ye-BIS / BAS scale50 ukuvavanya ukuphendula komvuzo kunye nokuvalelwa kwesohlwayo. Siye savavanya intloni kunye nentlalontle kunye neentloni kunye neNkcazo yoLuntu nge-Asendorpf.51
iziphumo
Amanqanaba okulinganisa amanqanaba kumanqanaba amathathu ayesondele embindini wesikali: ukuvusa isondo kuthetha -3.65 (SD¼1.04), valence yeemvakalelo kuthetha -3.65 (SD -0.96), kunye nokumelwa kuthetha -4.88 (SD -1.16) . Amanqaku e-IAT kunye namanqaku e-IATsex ngala: IAT kuthetha -30.67 (SD¼9.2, uluhlu 20-66), IATsex kuthetha -23.66 (SD¼5.56, uluhlu 20-56). Inani elithethwayo lezinto ekwakukhethwa kuzo izifundo zisebenzisa i-Intanethi kwi-Intanethi yayiyi-5.61 (SD¼2.86). IAT kunye ne-IATsex zazidibene kakhulu (r highly0.657, p <0.001). Unxibelelwano lwe-bivariate phakathi komlinganiso wemifanekiso, i-IATsex, kunye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo zibonisiwe kwiitheyibhile 1 kunye 2.
Ukuze uhlolisise ulwalamano oluphakathi kwamanqaku e-IATsex (njengoluhlu oluxhomekeke kuyo) kunye neziganeko zokuqala zokuxhaswa ngokwesini, ukunyaniseka kweempawu zengqondo, kuthetha ukusetyenziswa jikelele kwezesini zesicelo sezesondo kunye nexesha elisetyenziselwa kwiisayithi zezesondo ze-Intanethi (jonga iingcamango) , sibala uhlalutyo lokuguqulwa kwamandla onke (zonke iimeko eziphambili) .53 Umyalelo wezinto eziguquguqukileyo ezibandakanyiweyo kuloluhlalutyo lohlaziyo lubonisa umyalelo wokubaluleka kwezinto eziguquguqukayo (jonga iingcamango). Njengeyathelo lokuqala, ukulinganisa ngokwesondo kwaba yinto ebonakalayo ebalulekileyo yamanqaku e-IATsex (R2¼0.06, F¼5.76, df1¼1, df2¼87, p¼0.018). Xa ukongeza (isinyathelo sesibini) isalathisi sehlabathi sobunzima beempawu zengqondo (i-SCL GSI score) njengengqungquthela, utshintsho kwi-R2 luphawulekayo, okubangele kwingcaciso jikelele ye-IATsex ukuhlukezwa kwe-12.7% (utshintsho kwi-R2¼0.06, utshintsho kwi-F¼6.34 , df1¼1, df2¼86, p¼0.014). Ngokungena kwiintlobo zesicelo sezesondo ze-intanethi njenge-predictor eyongezelelweyo (isinyathelo sesithathu), utshintsho kwi-R2 lwaluphawulekayo, okubangele inkcazo epheleleyo ye-IATsex yokuhluka kwe-23.7% (utshintsho kwi-R2¼0.11, utshintsho kwi-F¼12.33, i-df1¼1, df2¼85, p¼0.001). Ekugqibeleni, ukungena kwimizuzu emininzi / imini esetyenziselwa kwiisayithi zezesini ze-intanethi (isinyathelo sesine) asinakunceda kakhulu ekuchazeni ukuhlukahluka kwamanqaku e-IATsex (utshintsho kwi-R2¼0.004, utshintsho kwi-FX0.49, i-df1¼1, i-df2¼84, i-p¼0.485; xabiso).
ingxoxo
Sifumane ubudlelwane obuhle phakathi kokuvuswa kwezesondo ngokuzithoba xa ubona imifanekiso ye-intanethi yoxilongo kunye neengxaki ezixeliweyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla ngenxa yokugqithisa kwe-cybersex njengokuba kulinganiswa yi-IATsex. Ukulinganiswa okuvakalayo okuvusa ingqondo, ubunzima behlabathi beempawu zengqondo, kunye nenani lesicelo sezesondo, esasetyenziswayo yiziphumo eziphambili zeengxelo ze-IATsex, ngelixa ixesha elichithwe kwiisayithi zezesondo ze-Intanethi azizange zenze igalelo ngokungafaniyo kumanqaku e-IATsex.
Ukufumanisa ukuba ukulinganiswa kokuziphatha ngokwesondo ngokuzenzekelayo xa ukhangele imifanekiso ye-intanethi ye-intanethi ihambelana neengxaki ezibikwayo kwizinto zobomi bemihla ngemihla ngenxa yokusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kwiisayithi ze-intanethi zingachazwa ngokubhekiselele kwizifundo zangaphambili kwi-cue reactivity kubantu abanexhomekeke kwimpahla okanye izilingo zokuziphatha. Njengoko kuboniswe kwisingeniso, qwa lasela i-reactivity njengendlela yokwenza uncedo ekugcinweni kokuziphatha okuxilisayo kuye kwabonakaliswa kumaqela amagulane amaninzi anokuxhomekeka kwimeko okanye ukuxhatshazwa kokuziphatha. I-18,19,30-33 Ezi zifundo ziguqukela kwimbono yokuba ukuthanda ukujonga ukujongana nezidakamizwa ezinxulumene nomlingo kubalulekile ukuba kulungelelanise ukuziphatha komlutha. Nangona asizange sihlolisise ubuchopho beengxaki zokubukela imifanekiso ye-intanethi kwi-sifundo sethu, safumana ubungqina bokuqala bokungqinelana phakathi kobuchule obusisiseko kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi kunye nokunyamekela kwi-intanethi yoxilongo lwe-inthanethi.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kweengxaki ezichazwe ngokwazo ebomini bemihla ngemihla ezixhumene ne-cybersex (IATsex) kwaye iimpawu ezininzi zeengqondo zihambelana nokufunda kwangaphambili ngu-Yang et al.43 apho iS SCL-90-R yayisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa iimpawu zengqondo kwizifundo Ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi ngokugqithisileyo xa kuthelekiswa nabasebenzisi abalinganiselweyo nabancinci. Nangona kunjalo, kwisifundo saseYang et al., Akukho mahluko phakathi kweentlobo ezithile zokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi (umdlalo, izingosi zesini, njl njl njl). Kwi-sampuli, ubunzima behlabathi jikelele (i-SCL GSI), kunye nobuzwe obuthile, ukuxinezeleka, ukucinga nge-paranoid kunye nokukhathazeka kwengqondo, bekunxulumene ngokukodwa ngamanqaku e-IATsex. Ngokwahlukileyo, ixesha elichithwa kwiindawo ze-intanethi (imizuzu ngemihla) yayingavumelani kakhulu neempawu zengqondo. Ixesha elichithwayo kwiindawo ze-intanethi azikwazanga ukuhambelana kakhulu kunye namanqaku e-IATsex. Oku kuthetha ukuba kwiingxaki zobomi bemihla ngemihla (umz., Ukunciphisa ukulawula kwimisebenzi yezoxhumo kwi-intanethi, iingxaki kunye kunye nolwalamanye kunye nolunye ulwalamano, kunye neengxaki kwimfundo okanye kwimisebenzi yomsebenzi), ixesha elichithwe kwiindawo ze-intanethi zangasese.
Iziphumo zesifundo sethu-ngokukodwa ukulungelelanisa phakathi kokulinganiswa kokuvusa ukunyuka kwezinto eziphathekayo zoonografi kunye nemiphumo emibi echazwe kwi-intanethi kwimihla ngemihla-iyahambelana noLutsha.26 Wacetyisa ukuba ukulindela ukufumana ukuvuswa kwezesondo kunokuba yinto enye ebalulekileyo izizathu zokhuthazo kwimisebenzi yezesondo kwi-Intanethi.3 Iziphumo zethu ziqinisekisile ukuba ukuphakama kwezesondo ephakamileyo kudibaniswa nokuthambekela ekubeni ngumlutha we-cybersex kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene nobomi bemihla ngemihla.
Ekugqibeleni, kufuneka sikhankanye imilinganiselo ebalulekileyo yesi sifundo. Okokuqala, isampuli yayincinci. Nangona kunjalo, omnye ufanele agcine engqondweni ukuba izifundo ezibhalwe kule phando zavavanywa kwisicwangciso sebhubhoratri kunye nokuhlolwa komntu ngamnye, okwenza idatha ibonakaliswe ngakumbi xa ithelekiswa nezifundo zisebenzisa i-questionnaires ye-intanethi kuba sikwazi ukulawula ukuchithwa kwemeko engathi zichaphazela iimpendulo zezifundo kwimisebenzi. Ukongezelela, sihlolisise izifo ezidlulileyo zeengqondo kunye neurologic, eziye zenza ukuba kubekho isampuli. Nangona singabandakanyi izifundo kunye nayiphi na ingxaki enxulumene neziyobisi, asizange sibhale ngokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezisetyenziswayo ngoku ngokubanzi (umzekelo, utywala, i-cannabis). Iingcamango zexesha elizayo zingabhekisana neendlela ezinokubambisana phakathi kokunyuka kwe-cybersex kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo. Okwesibini, sazibandakanya ngokuzithandela abathathi-nxaxheba ngabathengisi, senza isampula equlethwe ngabantu 'abaqhelekileyo' 'abantu abanezempilo. Ngoko ke, sasinomzekelo wesampula, nangona ezinye zezifundo zichaze izikolo eziphezulu ze-IATsex, ezinokuthi zibonise ubunzima beempawu ezizalisekisa imilinganiselo yokuxilonga kwiimpawu zokuziphatha .54 Idata yethu idinga ukuphindaphinda kunye nesifundo esinesifo esithile sokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Kwiingxelo ezizayo, ukulungelelaniswa kweengxaki ze-inthanethi kwabasetyhini kunye nabasetyhini kunye nabasetyhini kufuneka baphenywe. Kwisifundo sethu, kuphela amadoda angabesilisa kunye nabafazi abathandanayo, kunye neempatho zoononophelo ezazisetyenziselwa ukuklanywa kwezilingo zakhethwa kunye nangenxa yamehlo omntu. Izifundo ezongezelelweyo zingasebenzisa ummeli wezithombe zoonobumba obongezelelweyo ngezinye iisampuli ngokubhekiselele kwisini kunye nolwabelana ngesondo. Nangona imingcele ekuthethwe ngayo kufuneka igcinwe engqondweni, sigqiba ekubeni uphando lwethu lubonakalisa okokuqala ngqalelo indima ebalulekileyo yeempawu ezivakalayo zokuvusa kunye nengqondo njengezinto ezinokubambisana zokuphuhlisa okanye ukugcinwa kwezinto zesondo ezithandanayo kwi-intanethi kumadoda angqingili. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwezifundo zobugcisa kule ngongoma, i-16,17,28 isifundo sethu samanje sinomdla ekuzaliseni igebe kwaye siya kuthemba ukuba kukhuthaze uphando olusasaza kwisihloko esibaluleke kakhulu sokulutha kwe-cybersex.3
Inkcazo yokuchaza: Akukho mfuno yokhuphiswano yemali ekhoyo.
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Idilesi yee dilesi kwi: Matthias Brand, Ph.D. I-Psychology jikelele: IYunivesithi yeCognition yaseDuisburg-Essen Forsthausweg 2 47057 Duisburg Germany I-imeyili: [imeyile ikhuselwe]
;