Ngaba ubuchopho bethu buguquke ekujongeni ukuxilongwa kwezilingo ze-intanethi namhlanje? UGary Wilson uxoxa ngeempawu eziphazamisayo ezibonisa abanye abasebenzisa i-Intanethi abanzima, ukuguqulwa kokumangalisa kwezi zimpawu kunye nesayensi emva kwezi zinto.
Inkxaso yezobukhosi "I-Big Porn" (2012)
Ukuxhaswa ngokubanzi kwiibango ezinikezelwe kwisilayidi nganye zibone lawa maphepha amabini:
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba I-Big Porn yagqitywa yathunyelwa kwi-TEDx ngoDisemba ka-2011, ngelixa intetho yanikezelwa ngo-Matshi, 2012. Le ntetho ye-TEDx yayiyimpendulo ngqo ku-Philip Zimbardo "Ukuditywa kweeGay”Intetho ye-TED, eyayijongwa ngabaphulaphuli baseGlasgow ngaphambi nje kwentetho.
Ukususela ngoDisemba i-2011, iqela elikhulu lophando oluxhasayo kunye nobungqina bekliniki sele bufikile ukuxhasa Uvavanyo olukhulu lweSono izibambiso ezintathu eziphambili, ezi:
- I-intanethi ye-intanethi inokubangela izidakamizwa zesondo;
- Ukusetyenziswa koononophelo lwe-intanethi kunokukhokelela ekutshintsheni kweengxaki zeengxaki ze-3 ezibangelwa umlutha ezichongiweyo kwizidakamizwa zeziyobisi; kwaye
- Ukusetyenziswa koononophelo lwe-intanethi kunokunyusa iimeko ezithile ezingqondweni nangokomzwelo (iingxaki zokuxininisa, ukuxhalaba kweentlalo, ukuxinezeleka, njl njl).
Oku kulandelayo isishwankathelo esifutshane yobungqina bemeko kunye neklinikhi axhasayo amabango awenziwe I-Big Porn
1) Ukusetyenziswa koononophelo lwe-intanethi kunokubangela izifo zesini:
- Khangela olu luhlu lwe Izifundo ze-35 ezidibanisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn / umlutha wesini kwiingxaki zesondo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuvuselela inkanuko yesini. The Izifundo zokuqala ze-7 kuloluhlu zibonisa ukuba i-causation, njengabathathi-nxaxheba baqhelise ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kunye nokuphulukisa izifo ezingasinikiyo zesondo.
- Ndibambisene ne-2016 ukuhlaziywa kweencwadi zoluhlu lwezondo zoxhatshazo lwezesondo kunye ne-7 US Navy Doctors. Kuhlaziywa, kwaye iqulethe inkxaso eninzi yokuxhasa i-ED, kunye neengxoxo zophando zakutshanje ezityhila ngokunyuka kwe-1000% kwintsebenzo e-erectile yobutsha: Ngaba iinthombe zoononopasho ze-intanethi zibangelwa izidakamizwa zesondo? Ukuhlaziywa ngeeNgxelo zeKliniki (2016).
- Khangela olu luhlu lwe Izifundo ze-75 ezidibanisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo ukuya kwisini esincinci kunye nokwaneliseka kobudlelwane.
- Ukongezelela kwizifundo ezingentla, Eli phepha liqulethe amanqaku, iividiyo, kunye neepodcasts ngeengcali ze-140 (abafundisi be-urology, urologists, i-psychiatrists, i-psychologists, i-sexologists, i-MDs) abayaziyo kwaye baphumelele ukuphathwa kakubi nge-porn-ehoxiswe ngu-ED kunye ne-porn-induced the loss of sexual desire.
- Qaphela kwakhona ii-akhawunti ze-3,000 ezibhalwe ngamadoda ekubuyiseni kwiingxaki zesini zobungqina bezesondo phakathi kwee-akhawunti zokubuyisela (okanye zidibaniswe ukusuka) kula maphepha amathathu: (1) Ukubuyisela kwakhona iiAkhawunti ze-Akhawunti 1, (2) Ukubuyisela kwakhona iiAkhawunti ze-Akhawunti 2, (3) Ukubuyisela kwakhona iiAkhawunti ze-Akhawunti 3. Amanqaku asibhozo alandelayo aqulethe amabali amfutshane achaza ukuhlengahlengiswa kwezesondo ezibangelwa ziintlobano zesini: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
2) Ukusetyenziswa koononophelo lwe-intanethi kunokukhokelela kwiinguqu zengqondo ezinxulumene noxilongo lwe-3 ezichazwe kwizidakamizwa zeziyobisi:
I-Big Porn Uluhlu lweziyobisi ezilishumi ze-intanethi "izifundo zobuchopho," ezixhasa ithisisi yam yokuba umlutha we-intanethi (kunye neziyobisi ezingamanyala kwi-intanethi ezinje ngokudlala kunye ne-porn) zikhona kwaye zibandakanya iindlela ezisisiseko ezifanayo kunye notshintsho lobuchopho njengezinye iziyobisi. Eli candelo lokufunda likhula ngokucacileyo. Ukusukela ngo-2019, kukho iziyobisi ezingama-350 ze-intanethi "izifundo zobuchopho." Zonke zichaze iziphumo ze-neurological kunye notshintsho lobuchopho kwizilutha ze-intanethi ezihambelana nemodeli yokulutha (uluhlu lwe Iziyobisi ezikwi-Intanethi "izifundo zobuchopho"). Ukongezelela, uyilo lwezifundo ezininzi ze-intanethi zixhasayo ibango lokuba ukusetshenziswa kwe-intanethi kubangela (kwezinye) iimpawu ezifana nokudakumba, i-ADHD, ukuxhalabisa, njl. Uhlu lwezifundo ezinjalo: Izifundo ezibonisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-porn kubangela iimpawu kunye notshintsho lobuchopho.
I-Big Porn ichaza utshintsho oluthathu lweengqondo olwenzeka ngoxilongo lwe-porn: (1) Ukwazisa, (2) Ukuchithwa kwemisebenzi, kunye (3) Izijikelezo ezingasebenzi eziphathekayo (unobungqina). Ukususela ngo-Matshi, i-2012, uphando oluninzi lwe-neurological abasebenzisi be-porn kunye nezilonda ze-porn liye lapapashwa. Zonke ezi zintathu zenguqu zengqondo ziye zafunyanwa phakathi Ucwaningo lwe-41 olusisiseko se-abasebenzisi bezononono kunye kunye nabaxhatshazwa ngokwesini:
- Ukuhlolwa kwengxelo ku khuthazwa (cue-reactivity kunye neminqweno) kubasebenzisi bezesono / izilonda zesini: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.
- Ukuhlolwa kwengxelo ukungafuneki okanye ukuhlala (kubangele ukunyamezela) kubasebenzisi bezono zobunono / izilonda zesini: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
- Izifundo zokubika ukusebenza komsebenzi osweleyo (ukungazenzisi) okanye utshintshile umsebenzi wokubambisana nabaselula bezondo / izilwanyana zesini: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16.
The Izifundo ze-44 ze-neuroscience (I-MRI, i-FMRI, i-EEG, i-neuropsychological, i-hormonal) inikezela ngenkxaso enamandla kwimodeli yoxhatshazo, njengoko 25 Ukuphononongwa koncwadi kwangoku kunye neenkcazo ngenye yezinzulu zenzululwazi kwihlabathi.
Ndichaze nokunyuka okanye ukuhlala kwindawo kwintetho yam ye-TEDx (enokuba luphawu lokulutha). Izifundo ezihlanu ngoku zibuze abasebenzisi be-porn ngokukodwa malunga nokunyuka kwiintlobo ezintsha okanye ukunyamezelana, baqinisekisa bobabini (1, 2, 3, 4, 5Ukusebenzisa iindlela ngeendlela ezingathanga ngqo, okanye iiakhawunti zekliniki, izifundo ze-40 ezongezelelweyo baye baxela iziphumo ezihambelanayo nokuhlala "kwi-porno yesiqhelo" okanye ukunyuka ukuya kuhlobo olugqithisileyo nolungaqhelekanga.
Ngokumka ukurhoxa, lonke uphononongo olucelileyo luxele ingxelo yokurhoxa. Okwangoku Izifundo ezili-10 zixela iimpawu zokurhoxa kubasebenzisi be-porn.
Kuthekani ngezifundo ze-neurological that debunk porn addiction? Pha azikho. Ngelixa umbhali okhokelayo Prause et al., 2015 wammangalela eyedwa isifundo se-EEG samakhoboka ezinto ezingamanyala, amaphepha e-9 ahlaziywe ngoontanga akavumelani: Iingcaphephe ezihlaziyiweyo zontanga Prause et al., 2015. Iingqungquthela zenzululwazi kula maphepha e-9 zichaza ukuba Prause et al. ngokwenene ufumene ukungafuni / ukuhlala (okuhambelana nokuphuhliswa komlutha), njengoko Ngaphantsi Ukusebenza kombono kwi-vanilla (imifanekiso) idibene nayo mkhulu benzisa iidemon. Ngokungaqinisekiyo, i Prause et al. iqela libiza ngentshiseko ukuba likhohlise imodeli yokuxhatshazwa koonobumba kunye nesigatya esisodwa esithathwe kulo 2016 "ileta eya kumhleli." Enyanisweni incwadi yePrause ayikho nto, njengoko le nkcazo ebanzi ichaza: Incwadi kumhleli "Prause et al. (2015) ukutshatyalaliswa kwangoku kwezabelo zokubakhoboka " (2016).
Kodwa 'umlutha wobugqwetha' awukho kwii-APA DSM-5, kunene? Xa i-APA iphelileyo ihlaziye incwadi yesikhokelo kwi-2013 (DSM-5), akuzange ihlolisise ngokoqobo "inxilongwane ye-intanethi ye-intanethi," kunokukhetha ukuxubusha "ingxaki yokuxhatshazwa ngokobuxhakaxhaka." Ixesha elide lokugqibela leengxaki zokuziphatha ngokwesini linconywe ukuba lifakwe DSM-5 Umsebenzi woBucala loLuntu emva kwexesha lokuhlaziywa. Nangona kunjalo, kwiseshoni yeshumi elinanye "ikamelo leenkwenkwezi" kwiseshoni (ngokuhambelana nelungu leQela loMsebenzi), enye DSM-5 Amagosa athatyathwa ngokungafaniyo ngokwesini, kucacisa izizathu ezichazwe ngokungenangqiqo.
Ngaphambi nje koku DSM-5 ukupapashwa kwi-2013, Thomas Insel, ngoko uMlawuli weZiko leSizwe leMpilo yengqondo, Wacetyisa ukuba kwakuyisihlandlo sempilo yengqondo ukuyeka ukuthembela kwi-DSM. Its "ubuthathaka ukungabikho kokusebenza, ”Watsho, kwaye"asinakuphumelela ukuba sisebenzisa iindidi zeDSM njenge- “standard yegolide.Wongeze wathi, "Yingakho i-NIMH iza kuphinda iphinde iqhube uphando lwalo uphando kwi-DSMs. ” Ngamanye amagama, i-NIMH icwangcise ukumisa uphando ngezimali ngokusekwe kwiilebheli zeDSM (kunye nokungabikho kwazo).
Iinkampani ezinkulu zonyango zihamba phambili kwi-APA. I I-American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) yanyunyuza into ekufuneka ibe yiyokhonkwane yokugqibela kwi-coffin ye-debate-addiction coffin ngo-Agasti, i-2011, iinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ndilungiselele intetho yam TEDx. Iingcali ezigqithisileyo eziphezulu kwi-ASAM zazikhupha zazo inkcazo ngokuchanekileyo yokwenza umlutha. Ingcaciso entsha yenza ezinye zeengongoma eziphambili Ndenze kwintetho yam. Okuphambili, izilingo zokuziphatha zichaphazela ingqondo ngendlela ezifanayo njengoko izidakamizwa zenza. Ngamanye amazwi, Umlutha usisifo esinye (imeko), kungekho ezininzi. I-ASAM ichaze ngokucacileyo ukuba ukuziphatha okubi ngokwesondo kwaye kufuneka ukuba kubangelwe ukuba kukho utshintsho olusisiseko lwengqondo olufumaneka kwizidakamizwa zeziyobisi.
I-World Health Organization ibonakala ilungele ukubeka ngokufanelekileyo ukuphatha kwezopolitiko ze-APA. Incwadi yokusetyenziswa kwezifo zonyango ngokubanzi, Ulwahlulo lwaMazwe ngamazwe (ICD-11), iqulethwe isifo esitsha ezifanele ukuxhatshazwa koonwabo: "Ukuxhatshazwa kwezesondo ngokunyanisekileyo. "I-ICD-11 iqulethe ukuxilongwa ngokutsha komdlavuza wevidiyo: Ingxaki yokudlala ye-Intanethi.
3) Ukusetyenziswa koononophelo lwe-intanethi kunokunyusa iimeko ezithile ezingqondweni nangokomzwelo
I-Big Porn ichazwe "Esinye Isilingo Sobunono”Apho abafana abasusa ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn baxela ukuxolelwa kweengxaki zengqondo kunye nengqondo. I-TGPE ikwachaze "ukuvusa iziyobisi" (umlutha we-intanethi kunye zayo zincinci) ukunyusa okanye ukudala iimpawu ezifana nenkohlakalo yengqondo, ingxaki yokuxininisa, ukuxhalabisa, ukuxinezeleka kunye nokuxhalaba kweentlalo. Njengoko kwe2018 kukho ikhulu leenjongo zokufunda kwaye Ucwaningo lwe-80 ukuxhasa le ngqinisiso.
- Okokuqala, kukho ngoku Izifundo ze-75 ezidibanisa nokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana kumntu oswelekileyo kwengqondo-emoyeni kunye neziphumo ezingenangqondo zokuqonda.
- Amakhulu eengxelo Unxibelelaniso olukhulu lokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi kunye nempilo yengqondo-yeemvakalelo ezihlwempuzekileyo kunye neziphumo ezibi zokuqonda.
- Ngaphezulu kwezifundo ze-85 zibonisa ukuba likhoboka le-intanethi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-porn kubangela iingqondo, iimvakalelo okanye iimpawu zomzimba.
- Ndaphinda ndikhankanye ukuba amadoda abone abafazi ngokuhlukileyo emva kokuba bayeke i-pornography. Ukuxhaswa (ngokungathanga ngqo) kule nto, nantsi Izifundo ezingaphezulu kwe-35 eziqhagamshela ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn "kukungalingani" kwabasetyhini.
Ku-2016 uGary Wilson wapapasha amaphepha amabini ahlaziywe ngontanga:
- Ngaba iinthombe zoononopasho ze-intanethi zibangelwa izidakamizwa zesondo? Ukuhlaziywa ngeeNgxelo zeKliniki (2016).
- Ukuphelisa i-Intanethi engapheliyo I-Iphonyayili Yisebenzise Ukutyhila Imiphumo Yayo (2016).
;