Kuleli khasi, i-YBOP ibheka ucwaningo oluxhuma ukusetshenziswa kocansi ngabesifazane emiphumeleni yalo ekuvukeni, ukwaneliseka ngokocansi, kanye nobudlelwano. Ngenkathi ezinye izifundo zibika umthelela omncane wokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zabesifazane ekwanelisekeni kwabesifazane ngokobulili nangokweneliseka kobudlelwano, eziningi do kubika imiphumela emibi. Leli khasi liqukethe izifundo ezixhumanisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-porn wesifazane ukwehlisa ucansi noma ukwaneliseka kobudlelwano.
QAPHELA: Lapho uhlola ucwaningo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi a amaphesenti amancane abo bonke abesifazane abahlanganisiwe njalo kudla i-inthanethi ye-inthanethi. Kukhulu, emele izwe imininingwane iyindlala, kepha iGeneral Social Survey ibike ukuthi kuphela u-2.6% wabo bonke abesifazane base-US abavakashele "iwebhusayithi yezocansi" ngenyanga edlule. Umbuzo ubuzwe kuphela ngo-2002 nango-2004 (bona Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile nomshado, 2014). Ngenkathi amazinga okusetshenziswa kocansi ngamanye amaqembu amadala abesifazane asebekhulile kusukela ngo-2004, qaphela lapho uqhathanisa amanani avela kwezinye izifundo. Izifundo ezimbalwa kakhulu (1) ezimele izwe lonke (wonke amaqembu wobudala), futhi (2) zibandakanya abesifazane ebudlelwaneni besikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifundo eziningi zibuza ukuthi ngabe lesi sihloko sike sabona izithombe zobulili ezingcolile okungenani kanye ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule (abesifazane okungenzeka babuke isiqeshana semizuzu emi-3 ngonyaka odlule bahlanganiswa nabesifazane abasebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile nsuku zonke).
Isimo socansi
[Ukuvuselela: ukuma kobulili nakho kuhambisana ne-porn ukusetshenziswa amazinga. Uma isampula engabonakali abantu abaningi, ingaholela kudatha kanye neziphetho. Kusuka I-Sex Ephansi, i-p.121 (i-2017)]
Ngenkathi amaphesenti amabili kuphela abesifazane abaqondile ababika ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ezedlule, amaphesenti ayi-2 abesifazane abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abenza kanjalo, amaphesenti angu-17 abesifazane “ikakhulukazi abesilisa nabesifazane” asho kanjalo, kanye namaphesenti angu-11 abesifazane abathandana nabobulili obufanayo. Ezilinganisweni eziningi eziboniswe lapha, izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zisebenzisa amanani wabesifazane abancane bezocansi aphindwe kathathu kunabesifazane abaqondile. Abesifazane abesilisa nabesifazane banikeze amadoda aqondile ukugijimela imali yawo. (Eqinisweni, amazinga abo okusetshenziswa evikini eledlule aphakeme kunabesilisa abesilisa nabesifazane.)
I-takeaway eyinhloko yilokho omele izifundo ezibika imiphumela emihle noma engathathi hlangothi ekwanelisekeni kobudlelwano (noma ezinye izinto eziguqukayo) zithola lokhu kuhlangana kusuka ngamaphesenti amancane abesifazane oku: (1) Njalo abasebenzisi bo-porn, futhi, (2) ebudlelwaneni besikhathi eside (mhlawumbe ama-3-5% abesifazane abadala).
Imibhangqwana ne-porn
Futhi, kungenzeka ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuhlangene akulimazi kakhulu kubasebenzisi, futhi ukusebenzisana kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kujwayelekile kubantu besifazane (uma kuqhathaniswa namadoda). Kodwa-ke, lokho kucabanga kubonakala sengathi kuyashintsha njengoba abesifazane abasha abengeziwe befinyelela ku-inthanethi ye-porn lapho beyi-masturbating. Ngokwesibonelo,
Phakathi komama omdala omdala, ukuhlanganiswa (noma uxhumano) phakathi kokusetshenziswa kobulili oludlulayo lwesonto elidlulile kanye nesonto elidlule lokushaya indlwabu kungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili njengoba kuqhathaniswa neqembu elidala kunazo zonke kulesi sifundo (0.61 vs. 0.26, ngokulandelana). [Kusuka I-Sex Ephansi, i-p.119 (i-2017)]
[Futhi, ukusebenzisa izithombe ezingcolile akuhambisani nolwaneliseka oluthe xaxa.] Kukhona uxhumano olunamandla phakathi kwesifiso sobulili esingavumelani nokusetshenziswa kocansi kwezithombe ezingcolile phakathi kwabesifazane abasebasha kunabesifazane asebekhulile. (Kusenamandla kakhulu kunesixhumanisi esifanayo phakathi kwabantu.) [Kusuka I-Sex Ephansi, i-p.116 (i-2017)]
Kunoma yikuphi, ngokungafani nezifundo ezimbalwa ezibika ukuthi akukho ukwehlisa ucansi / ubuhlobo bokunganeliseki kubasebenzisi bezithombe ezingcolile, ngezansi yizifundo eziningi ezixhumanisa ukusetshenziswa kobulili kubantu besifazane ebuhlotsheni obuhluphekayo kanye nemiphumela yokwaneliseka ngokobulili kubesifazane.
Izifundo ngobudlelwano nokwaneliseka kwezocansi:
Umthelela wezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ekugcululeni ngokocansi (1988) - Ingcaphuno:
Abafundi abesilisa nabesifazane nabangenalo ulwazi bavezwe kumavidiyo amavidyofriphu ahambisana nezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ezivamile, ezingenasici noma okuqukethwe okungenacala. Ukuvezwa kwakunemihlangano yehora ngamasonto ayisithupha alandelanayo. Ngeviki lesikhombisa, izifundo zihlanganyele ekutadisheni okungahambisani nhlobo ezikhungweni zomphakathi kanye nokuzikhandla komuntu siqu. [Ukusetshenziswa kocansi] kube nomthelela omkhulu ekuzihloleni ngokwakho kwezocansi. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, izihloko zabika ukwaneliseka okuncane ngabalingani babo abasondelene-ikakhulukazi, ngothando lwabalingani babo, ukubukeka komzimba, ilukuluku lezocansi nokwenza kahle kwezocansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifundo ezinikeziwe zanda ukubaluleka kwezocansi ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka ngokomzwelo. Le miphumela yayiyifomu efanayo kulo lonke ubulili kanye nabantu.
Imiphumela yokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ezimisweni zomndeni (1988) - Izingcaphuno:
Abafundi abesilisa nabesifazane nabangenalo ulwazi bavezwe kumavidiyo amavidyofrikhi ahambisana nezithombe zobulili ezingcolile noma ezingenasici noma okuqukethwe okungcolile. Ukuvezwa kwakunemihlangano yehora ngamasonto ayisithupha alandelanayo. Ngeviki lesikhombisa, izifundo zihlanganyele ekutadisheni okungahambisani nhlobo ezikhungweni zomphakathi kanye nokuzikhandla komuntu siqu. Umshado, ubudlelwane bokusebenzisana, kanye nezindaba ezihlobene nabo bahlulelwa nge-questionnaire ye-Value-of-Marriage ekhethekile. Okutholakele kubonakele umthelela oqhubekayo wokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile.
Ukuvezwa kwenzelwa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukwamukelwa okukhulu kocansi ngaphambi kokusuka komunye nomunye nokubekezelelana okukhulu kokufinyelela okungavamile kocansi kubalingani abasondelene nabo. Yathuthukisa inkolelo yokuthi ukuziphatha kabi kwabantu besilisa nabesifazane kuyimvelo nokuthi ukucindezelwa kokuthambekela kobulili kubangela ingozi yempilo. Ukuvezwa kwanciphisa ukuhlolwa komshado, okwenza lesi sikhungo sibonakale singabonakali kakhulu futhi singabi namandla esikhathini esizayo. Ukuvezwa kwanciphisa nesifiso sokuba nezingane futhi kwagqugquzela ukwamukelwa kokuhlonishwa kwamadoda kanye nobugqila besifazane. Ngaphandle kokungavamile, le miphumela yayiyifomu efanayo kubantu abaphendulile besilisa nabesifazane kanye nabafundi nabangenalo.
Izibopho Zomphakathi Abantu abadala kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi (2004) - (akazange ahlukanise phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane) Ingcaphuno:
Gcwalisa idatha ku Abasebenzisi be-intanethi ye-531 kuthathwe kwi-General Social Surveys ye-2000. Izindlela zokubophezelwa komphakathi zibandakanya izibopho zenkolo, zomshado nezombusazwe. Izinyathelo zokubamba iqhaza ezindleleni zokuphila eziphambene nobulili nezihlobene nezidakamizwa, kanye nokulawulwa kwezibalo kufakiwe. Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwemigomo yokutholakala kwemiphumela ithola ukuthi phakathi kokuqaphelisisa okuqine kakhulu kokusetshenziswa kwe-cyberporn kwakuyizibopho ezibuthakathaka enkolweni nokuntuleka komshado ojabulisayo.
I-Sex in America Online: Ukuhlolisisa Ubulili, Isimo Somshado, Nokuthi Ukwaziswa Ngokobulili Ekufuneni Ngocansi Inthanethi kanye Nemithelela Yaso (2008) - Ingcaphuno:
Lokhu kwakuhlolisisa ucansi nobuhlobo obufunayo kwi-Inthanethi, ngokusekelwe ekuhloleni Abaphenduli be-15,246 e-United States amaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye samadoda kanye no-41% wabesifazane babehlose noma balayishe ngamabomu izithombe zobulili ezingcolile. Amadoda kanye nabesilisa abathandana nabesifazane besifazane babe nethuba lokufinyelela ezingcolile noma bahlanganyele kwezinye izici zokuzijabulisa ngocansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezimbangi noma abesifazane. Ubuhlobo obuhambisanayo obuvezwe phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane ngenxa yokubuka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, nge abesifazane besho imiphumela embi kakhulu, kuhlanganise nokunciphisa isithombe somzimba, umlingani ohlambalaza umzimba wakhe, ukucindezela okwenziwe ukwenza izenzo ezitholakala kumafilimu angcolile, kanye nobulili obungokoqobo, ngenkathi abesilisa bebika ukugxeka umzimba womlingani wabo futhi bengenandaba kangako nocansi lwangempela.
Ukuboniswa Kwengane Yobuningi Emibonweni Ye-Internet Eya ocansini ngokobulili Ukuneliseka ngokocansi: Isifundo se-Longitudinal (2009) - Ingcaphuno:
Phakathi kukaMeyi 2006 noMeyi 2007, senze inhlolovo yamapulangwe amathathu Izingane ze-1,052 zase-Dutch ezineminyaka engu-13-20. Ukwakhiwa kwe-equation model kuveze ukuthi ukuvezwa kwe-SEIM kuhlale kunciphisa ukwaneliseka ngokobulili kwentsha. Ukwaneliseka kocansi okuphansi (ku-Wave 2) nakho kwandise ukusetshenziswa kwe-SEIM (ku-Wave 3). Umphumela wokuvezwa kwe-SEIM ngokunethezeka ngokocansi akazange ahluke phakathi kwentsha yabesilisa nabesifazane.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kulesisampula esingahleliwe emibhangqwaneni yaseNorway yangaphandle (2009)
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-porn kwahlotshaniswa nokungahambi kahle ngokocansi endodeni nokuzibona okungekuhle kowesifazane. Imibhangqwana engazange isebenzise i-porn yayingenazinkinga zokwenza ucansi. Izingcosana ezimbalwa ocwaningweni:
Emibhangqwaneni lapho umlingani oyedwa kuphela osebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, sithole izinkinga eziningi ezihlobene nokuvusa (owesilisa) nokubi (owesifazane) ozibonayo.
Kuzo imibhangqwana kuphi omunye umlingani wasebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kwakukhona isimo sezulu esivusa amandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le mibhangqwana ibonakala sengathi inezinkinga eziningi.
The imibhangqwana engazange isebenzise izithombe zobulili ezingcolile... kungabhekwa njengendabuko ngokuphathelene nombono wezikripthi zobulili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, babonakala bengenazo izidakamizwa.
Abashadile bobabili babika ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ihlelwe esigxotsheni esihle ku-'' isimo sezulu esibucayi '' futhi ngandlela-thile emgqeni ongeyena emsebenzini we-'Dysfunctions ''.
Ukuhlolisisa umlingisi nomlingani womlingani wokwaneliseka ngokocansi emibhangqweni eshadile (2010) - Ingcaphuno:
Ukusebenzisa Isibonelo Sokushintshaniswa Kwabantu Abathintekayo, sibheka ukuthi ukungathembeki, ukusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, ukwaneliseka emshadweni, imvamisa yezocansi, ubulili ngaphambi komshado, kanye nokuhlala ndawonye kubandakanya imibhangqwana eshadile 'nokwaneliseka ngokobulili. Idatha evela Imibhangqwana ye-433 zihlaziywa ngamamodeli wokulinganisa okuhlelekile ukuze zithole iminikelo. Ekugcineni, ubufakazi obunye bubonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuyabiza ukwaneliseka ngokobulili komuntu nomlingani wakhe, ikakhulukazi uma izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zisetshenziselwa umlingani oyedwa kuphela.
Izinhlangano phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwabantu abadala abasezikhungweni ezibonakalayo zobulili kanye nokuthandwa kwabo ngokocansi, ukuziphatha, nokwaneliseka (2011) - Izingcaphuno:
Kulesi sifundo, i-92% yamadoda amasha kanye ne-50% yabesifazane abasha babika ukuthi beke basebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-SEM.
Ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwezinto eziphathekayo zobulili (SEM) kuhlotshaniswa nokugculiseka okungezansi kobulili nokuzwana. Ukuvama kokusetshenziswa kwe-SEM kanye nezinombolo zezinhlobo ze-SEM ezibukiwe zombili zihlotshaniswa nezintandokazi eziphezulu zobulili ngezinhlobo zemikhuba yezocansi ngokuvamile ezethulwa ku-SEM. Lokhu okutholakele kusikisela lokho Ukusetshenziswa kwe-SEM kungadlala indima enkulu ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezinqubo zokuthuthuka kwezocansi kwabantu abadala. Ngokuqondile, imvamisa ephakeme yokubukwa yayihlotshaniswa nokwaneliseka okuncane ngokocansi nobudlelwane lapho kulawula ubulili, inkolo, isimo sokuthandana nenani lezinhlobo ze-SEM ezibukwe.
Kubonakala sengathi ukusetshenziswa kwe-SEM kuhlotshaniswa nezintandokazi ezithile zocansi ngaphezu kokuhlanganiswa namava ocansi okuqala nangaphezulu, kanye nokwaneliseka kocansi nokuzwana komzimba. Le nhlanganisela yembula ukuthi, naphezu kokusetha kahle okukhethwa kukho kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho, abantu abavame ukusebenzisa i-SEM banganelisekanga ngalokhu okuhlangenwe nakho.
Ukuhlangana
Kwabesifazane, imvamisa yokubuka i-SEM ayihambisani nokuzaneliseka ngocansi futhi yayikuphela ngokungahambisani kahle nokuzwana ukwaneliseka.
Okokugcina, ukuhlaziywa kwemibono kwembula ukuthi kokubili i-SEM yokubuka imvamisa kanye nenani lezinhlobo ze-SEM ibhekwe ngokukhethekile ukuthi zonke iziguquko ezintathu zokuthanda ucansi zibikezelwe. Ubuhlobo obuhle (ikakhulukazi ne-'kinky sex '' subscale) kubonisa ukuthi abathengi abakhulu be-SEM banamathethando afanayo kwezocansi kulabo abavame ukukhonjiswa ku-SEM (isb., Jensen & Dines, 1998; Krassas et al., 2003; Menard & Kleinplatz, 2008).
Ukubuka Izinto ezicacile zocansi ezodwa noma ezihlangene: Izinhlangano nobudlelwano bobuhlobo (2011) - Izingcaphuno:
Lolu cwaningo luhlolisise ubudlelwane phakathi kokubukela izinto ezicacile ngokocansi (SEM) nobuhlobo obusebenzayo kwisampula esingahleliwe Abantu abangu-1291 abangashadile othandweni lobuhlobo.
Labo ababheka i-SEM kuphela nabalingani babo babika ukuzinikezela okukhulu nokunethezeka okwenziwe ngokocansi kunelabo ababheka i-SEM kuphela. Abantu abangakaze babheke i-SEM babike izinga eliphezulu lobuhlobo kuzo zonke izinhlambandlela kunelabo ababuka i-SEM kuphela. Umehluko kuphela phakathi kwalabo abangakaze babheke i-SEM nalabo ababukele kuphela nabalingani babo yilokho labo abangazange bayibheke babe namazinga aphansi okungathembeki.
Imibiko Yabesifazane Yabesifazane Abakhudlwana Ngamanye Amanyalabuli Ezingcolile Zomlingani Wabo Abasilisa Abasebenzisa I-Correlate of Self-Esteem, Ubuhlobo Bobuhlobo, Nokugculiseka Ngocansi (2012) - Ingcaphuno:
Inhloso yalolu cwaningo kwakuwukuhlolisisa ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetshenziswa kobulili bezithombe zobulili ezingcolile, kokubili imvamisa kanye nokusetshenziswa okuyinkimbinkimbi, ekusebenzisaneni kwabo ngokobulili nomlingani wabo wesifazane ocansini obesilisa nabesifazane phakathi kwabantu base XENUMX abasebasha abadala bekholeji. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi imibiko yabesifazane yocingo labo abalingani babo abesilisa abasebenzisa ngayo izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zahlotshaniswa kabi nekhwalithi labo lobuhlobo. Ukubona okuningi kokusetshenziswa kanzima kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kwakungavumelani kabi nokuzihlonipha, izinga lobuhlobo, nokwaneliseka ngokobulili.
Uthando Lungahlali Kuphela: Ukusebenzisa Izithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile Nokuzibophezela Okunciphise Kwangxenye Yomuntu Oyedwa (2012)
Ucwaningo lwenze izifundo zazama ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwe-porn amasonto amathathu. Lapho beqhathanisa la maqembu womabili, labo abaqhubeka nokusebenzisa izithombe ezingcolile babike amazinga aphansi okuzibophezela kunalawo ayezama ukugwema. Izicashunwa:
Abahlanganyeli babe I-367 undergraduates (i-300 wesifazane) evela enyuvesi yase-mpumalanga-mpumalanga eyahlanganyela ekutadisheni esikoleni esikhishwe esikoleni esikoleni. Ababambe iqhaza babekwe eminyakeni yobudala kusukela ku-17 kuya ku-26 abaneminyaka yobudala ye-19 futhi babike ukuthi babebuhlobo bobulili obuhlukile, obunothando.
Ukufunda i-1 ithole lokho Ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezingcolile kwakuhlobene nokuzinikela okuphansi
Abafundi be-3 babekwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuba bayeke ukubuka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile noma umsebenzi wokuzithiba. Those abaqhubeka bebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile babika amazinga aphansi okuzibophezela kunokulawula abahlanganyeli.
Ukufunda i-5 ithole lokho Ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kwakuhlobene ngokuqondile nokungathembeki futhi lo mhlangano wawuhlangene ngokuzibophezela. Ngokubanzi, iphethini lemiphumela eqhubekayo itholakale besebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene ezibandakanya izigaba ezihlukene (Ucwaningo lwe-1), ukubuka (Ucwaningo lwe-2), ukuhlolwa (Ucwaningo lwe-3), kanye nokuziphatha (i-Studies 4 ne-5) idatha.
Ukubonwa Kwamanyala E-Inthanethi kanye nesimo sengqondo sabesifazane ngokuya ocansini ocansini: Isifundo Esihlolisisayo (2013) - Ingcaphuno:
Lolu cwaningo lokuhlola luhlolisise ubudlelwane obuphakathi kokuchayeka kwabesifazane abadala base-US ezithombeni ezingcolile ze-Intanethi kanye nesimo sengqondo ngokuya ocansini ngaphandle komshado besebenzisa idatha enikeziwe yi-General Social Survey (GSS). Ukubambisana okuhle phakathi kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi ukubuka nokucabangela okungcono kokuziphatha ngokocansi kwangaphandle.
Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile nomshado (2014)
Zonke izindaba ezimbi, futhi ziya ngokuya ziba zimbi. Izingcaphuno:
… Idatha kubantu abadala abangu-20,000 XNUMX abake bashada kuGeneral Social Survey ukuhlola ubudlelwano phakathi kokubuka amafilimu ezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kanye nezinyathelo ezahlukahlukene zenhlalakahle yomshado. Sithole ukuthi abantu abadala ababebukele i-movie e-X ngonyaka odlule babe namathuba amaningi okuhlukaniswa, kungenzeka ukuthi babe nezindaba zangaphandle, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi babike ukujabula ngomshado wabo noma ngokujabula okukhulu. Sithole nokuthi, kubantu, izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zinciphisa ubuhlobo obuhle phakathi kwemvamisa yocansi nenjabulo. Ekugcineni, sithole ukuthi ubudlelwane obubi phakathi kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kanye nokuphila kahle komshado, uma kunoma yikuphi, kukhulile kakhudlwana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, phakathi nesikhathi lapho izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zibabili zicacile futhi zitholakala kalula.
Imiphumela yethu yayifana nalapho silawula ubulili, ubudala, ubuhlanga, imfundo, kanye nenani labantwana, futhi bahamba cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu lapho sifaka ukulawula ukuvama kokwenkolo.
Kulabo besifazane, wonke ama-coefficients anesibonakaliso esifanayo kepha ngokuvamile ayencane kakhulu kunamadoda. Abesifazane ababika ukuthi basebenzise izithombe zobulili ezingcolile babenemikhawulo ephakeme ye-10% yokuhlukaniswa, izilinganiso ezingu-95% eziphezulu zokuba nomshado ongashadile, i-8% engavamile yokubika enomshado ojabulisayo kakhulu, futhi mayelana ne-2% engezansi yokuzijabulisa ngokujabula kakhulu ngokuphila kwabo jikelele
Izinhlangano phakathi kokuziphatha ngokobulili ngokobulili, ukusetshenziswa kocansi, nokuzithokozisa izithombe ezingcolile phakathi kwabafundi bekolishi lase-US (i-2014) - Ingcaphuno:
Ukusebenzisa isampula Abantu abadala abavela e-792, isifundo samanje sihlolisise ukuthi ukuhlolwa okuhlanganisiwe kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kusetshenziswa kanjani, ukwamukelwa, nokuziphatha kocansi ebuhlotsheni kunganikeza ukuqonda ngentuthuko yabantu abadala abasafufusa. Imiphumela iphakamise umehluko ocacile wobulili kuzo zombili izindlela zokusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kanye namaphethini wokwamukela. Ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile zesilisa okuphezulu kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nokuzibandakanya okuphezulu kwezocansi ebudlelwaneni futhi kuhlotshaniswa nokuziphatha okuphezulu kokuthatha ubungozi. Ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezingcolile akuzange kuhlotshaniswe nokubandakanyeka ekuziphatheni ngokocansi ngaphakathi kobudlelwane futhi kwakujwayelekile okuhlobene nemiphumela engafanele yezempilo yengqondo.
I-Landripet, i-Ivan; U-Štulhofer, u-Aleksandar; I-Jurin, i-Tanja (i-2014)
IASR Incwadi Yonyaka Yemihlangano Yonyaka Yonyaka Yemihlangano Yezinhlamvu Zase-AbstractsDubrovnik
Sebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile; Umlutha Wezithombe Zobulili; Izinkinga zocansi kanye nezidakamizwa; Isifiso Sobulili Sokuziphatha; Ukungasebenzi Kwe-Erectile
I-Dubrovnik, i-Hrvatska, i-25.-28. lipnja 2014.
Ucwaningo oluthile lwamanje lwe-epidemiological lwakamuva lubonisa ukusabalalisa okuphezulu okumangalisayo kokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile phakathi kwezinsizwa (uMaralon et al., 2012; Martins, 2010). Kuye kwaphakanyiswa ukuthi lesi "sifo" sichazwa ngokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuyi-intanethi. Ukukhathazeka okufanayo kuye kwaphakanyiswa ekuphenduleni ubufakazi obunjalo bokuthi ukuhlukunyezwa kwesifiso sobulili kuhlanganisiwe. Ukuhlola ngokusemthethweni lezi zimangalo, eziphendulela emakholi wamuva wokulawulwa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile, sihlolisisile: uma ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuhlotshaniswa nokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili wesilisa nowesifazane (i-SD); uma ukuvama kokwanda kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuhlotshaniswa ne-SD; futhi uma inhlangano phakathi kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile isebenzisa nokusebenza ngokocansi ihlolwe yizithombe zobulili ezingcolile zohlobo (okuyizinto eziphambene nalokho okuqukethwe / okuyi-paraphilic).
Ababambiqhaza baqashwa nge-Facebook namabhanela athunyelwe kumawebhusayithi amaningi wezindaba nokuthandana. Sekukonke, i-4, i-597 ifakiwe ekuhlaziyweni (i-18-60 yrs; iminyaka yobudala = 31.1; abesifazane abangu-56.5%). Ama-56.3% abike ngemfundo yasekolishi kanti ama-38.4% abeshadile / behlala ndawonye. Imvamisa yokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule, isikhathi esichithwa ekusetshenzisweni kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ngosuku olujwayelekile phakathi naleso sikhathi, futhi ukuxhumana kwabo kukhombise ukuqina kokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi.
Ukuthola okuhlobene nabesifazane:
Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziselwa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kwandiswe kancane kodwa okuhlobene kakhulu kunciphise intshisekelo yobulili obuhlukanisiwe (nokuhlukunyezwa kocansi okuvame kakhulu) phakathi kwabesifazane.
Izingosi Ukubikezela Ukusetshenziswa Kwama-Cybersex Ukusetshenziswa Nezinkinga Ekuthuthukiseni Ubudlelwane Obuseduze Phakathi kwabasebenzisi Abesilisa nabesifazane Bokuxhumana Nge-Cybersex (2015) - Umbhalo ocacile:
Lolu cwaningo lusetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kobulili lwe-Cybersex, Ukufuna izithombe zezingcolile zobulili ezingcolile, kanye ne-Questionnaire mayelana nokusondelana kwabahlanganyeli be-267 (Ama-192 abesilisa nabesifazane abangu-75) kusho iminyaka yabesilisa abangama-28 nabesifazane abangama-25, abaqashwe ezindaweni ezikhethekile ezinikezelwe ezithombeni zobulili ezingcolile nocansi oluku-inthanethi kwi-Intanethi. Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kokuhlaziywa kuboniswe ukuthi izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, ubulili, kanye nocansi lwe-inthanethi zabikezela kakhulu ubunzima obuseduze futhi zafaka i-66.1% yokuhluka kwesilinganiso kumbuzo wemibuzo yokusondelana.
Okwesibili, ukuhlaziywa kokunciphisa futhi wabonisa ukuthi ukulangazelela izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, ubulili, kanye nobunzima ekwenzeni ubudlelwane obuseduze ngokuphindaphindiwe kwemvamisa yokusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi ngocansi futhi lilandele i-83.7% yokungafani kokulinganisa kokusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi kwe-inthanethi.
Okwesithathu, amadoda ayenamazinga aphakeme kakhulu okusebenzisa i-cycling e-inthanethi kunabesifazane kanye nezibalo eziphakeme zokufisa izithombe ezingcolile kunabesifazane futhi akukho izikolo eziphakeme kwi-questionnaire yokulinganisa ubunzima ekwenzeni ubuhlobo obuseduze nabesifazane.
Ukuthandana kothando nokugcwala komshado nezithombe zobulili ezingcolile phakathi kwabafundi abashadile baseyunivesithi eBirjand, e-Iran (2015) - Izingcaphuno:
Lolu cwaningo oluchazayo-olwenziwe olwenziwe luqhutshwa kubafundi abashadile abangu-310 abafundela amanyuvesi ezizimele kanye nomphakathi eBirjand, ngonyaka wezifundo wezi-2012-2013 besebenzisa indlela yokulinganisa nge-random quota.
Isiphetho: IKuvela ukuthi izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zinomthelela omubi othandweni nasekwanelisekeni emshadweni… .. Kwakungekho ukuhlukahluka kobulili obuqakathekileko ekutholeni amanengi wokuneliseka komtjhado.
Ukucubungula nge-Cyberpornography: Ukusetshenziswa Kwesikhathi, Ukuqeda Isiyaluyalu, Ukusebenza Ngokobulili, Nokugculiseka Ngokocansi (2016) - Ingcaphuno:
Okokuqala, ngisho nalapho ukulawula ukulutha okubonakalayo ekusetshenzisweni kwe-cyberpornography nokusebenza kocansi jikelele, Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cyberpornography kwahlala ngokuqondile ngokuhambisana nokunganeliseki ngokocansi. Ngisho noma lobudlelwane obubi obuqondile bebukhulu obuncane, isikhathi esichithwa ukubuka i-cyberpornography kubonakala sengathi kuyindlela enamandla yokwaneliseka ngokocansi okuphansi.
Imiphumela yethu igcizelela ukuthi imiphumela yocansini yilezi okufana nabesilisa nabesifazane. Ngakho-ke, sabona ukungasebenzi kwengqondo okungalungile ku kokubili abesifazane nabesilisa.
Imiphumela yezinto ezicacile zocansi ezisetshenziselwa ubudlelwane bomdanso obunothando (i-2016) - Izingcaphuno:
Abahlanganyeli babehlanganisa amadoda angama-75 (25%) kanye nama-221 (75%) aneminyaka engu-18-87 iminyaka
Ngokuqondile, imibhangqwana, lapho kungekho muntu osetshenzisiwe khona, ibike ukwaneliseka kobudlelwano obuningi kunezobhangqwana ezaba ngabasebenzisi ngabanye. Lokhu kuyahambisana nophenyo olwedlule (UCooper et al., 1999; I-Manning, i-2006), ebonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuzimele kwezinto eziphathelene nobulili kubangela imiphumela emibi.
Ngomthelela wobulili obanjwe njalo, abasebenzisi ngabanye babika ukusondelana nokuzibophezela okuncane kakhulu ebuhlotsheni babo kunabangewona abasebenzisi nabasebenzisi abelwe ngazo.
Ngokuvamile, ukuthi umuntu ubuka kaningi kangakanani izinto ezingcolile zobulili kungathinta imiphumela yabasebenzisi. Ukutadisha kwethu kwathola ukuthi abasebenzisi abavame ukuvama kakhulu banamathuba amaningi okuba nokwaneliseka kobudlelwane obuseduze kanye nobudlelwane obuseduze ebuhlotsheni babo bomshado.
Ikhwalithi yobudlelwane libikezela imisebenzi yezocansi e-intanethi phakathi kwabantu baseShayina nabesilisa nabesifazane abesilisa nabesifazane abathandana nabo ngokuzibophezela (2016) - Ingcaphuno:
Abahlanganyeli abangamakhulu amathathu namashumi amane nane abaneziqhingi (ie, ukuphola noma ukushada) eChina bazinikele ekutheni bahlanganyele esifundweni, kubandakanya Amadoda we-178 kanye Abesifazane be-166 kusuka esifundazweni se-29 / izifunda e-China. Kulolu cwaningo, sihlolisise imisebenzi yezocansi e-intanethi (OSA) yamadoda nabesifazane baseShayina ngokuzibophezela ngokuzibophezela, ngokugxila kwezici ze-OSA kanye nezici ezenza amadoda nabesifazane babe nabalingani abazinzile ukuba bahlanganyele ema-OSA. Cishe i-89% yabahlanganyeli ibike ukuhlangenwe nakho kwe-OSA ezinyangeni ezidlule ze-12 ngisho noma babe nomlingani wangempela wokuphila.
Njengoba kwabikezelwa, abantu abanekhwalithi ephansi yobungane empilweni yangempela, kufaka phakathi ukwaneliseka kobudlelwane obuphansi, okunamathiselwe okungavikelekile, namaphethini wokuxhumana angalungile, ababandakanya ama-OSA njalo. Ukwengeza, ukwaneliseka ngokweqile kwabikezela ama-OSA phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Ngokubanzi, imiphumela yethu iphakamisa ukuthi iziguquguquko ezithonya ukungathembeki okungaxhunywanga ku-inthanethi nazo zingathonya ukungathembeki kwikhompyutha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemidiya ecacile ngokocansi kanye nokwaneliseka kobudlelwano kunomsebenzi olinganiselayo wobudlelwane obungokomzwelo? (I-2016)
Ababhali bazama ukufiphaza abakutholile ku-abstract ngokusho ukuthi uma ukuguquguquka kocansi nobudlelwano "kulawulwa", abatholanga ukuxhumana phakathi kokusebenzisa i-porn kanye nokwaneliseka kobudlelwano. Iqiniso: Ucwaningo luthole ukuxhumana okuphawulekayo phakathi kokusetshenziswa kocansi nobudlelwano obumpofu nokwaneliseka ngokobulili kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Kucashunwe esigabeni sengxoxo:
Ukuze kokubili amadoda futhi abesifazane, okubalulekile, kodwa okuthobekile umyalo we-zero omubi ukuhambisana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-SEM nokunethezeka kobudlelwano kutholakala, okubonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-SEM okwandisiwe kwakuhlotshaniswa nobuhlobo obuncane ukwaneliseka kulo lonke ubulili.
Umphumela wezithombe zobulili ezingcolile zobulili obuncane ezithinta ubulili besifazane (i-2016) - Ingcaphuno:
Lokhu kuhlolwe kwesigaba esiphambene lapho Abesifazane besifazane abashadile be-200 bahlinzekwa ngemibuzo yokuzigcwalisa ehlanganisa izici ezihlukene zobulili besifazane. Bonke ababambiqhaza babekhululekile kunoma yisiphi isifo esaziwa ukuthi sithinte umsebenzi wezocansi. Ingqikithi engu-52% yabahlanganyeli kanye no-59.5% wabayeni babo babebukele obuhle.
I-51.6% yabahlanganyeli abaqaphela ukuthi abayeni babo ababukeli obuhle babika ukuthi babhekene nemizwa emibi (ukucindezeleka, umona), kuyilapho i-77% ibike ushintsho ekuziphatheni kwabayeni babo. Ababukeli abangabonisi babenelisekile kakhulu ngokuphila kwabo ngokocansi uma kuqhathaniswa nabalingani babo. Nakuba ukubukela izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zobulili obuncane kunomthelela obala kakhulu ngesifiso sobulili, ukugcoba kwamasendlini, ikhono lokufinyelela i-orgasm, nokushaya indlwabu, kwakungazange kube nemiphumela ephawulekayo emvamisa. Ukubuka izithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezingcolile kuthinta impilo yabesifazane ngokocansi ngokwandisa ukukhukhumeza ngokobulili kokubili amadoda nabesifazane, okubangela ubunzima bokuxhumana.
Ukusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zakwa-intanethi nokuzinikela kobudlelwane ngabanye abantu basePhilippines abashadile (i-2016) - Ingcaphuno:
Ucwaningo oluzimele lwasakazwa Abantu abangu-400 abakhethiwe basePhilippines ababeshade nabantu ababukela izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kwi-Internet abahlala eQuezon City.
Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi zinemiphumela emibi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekuzibophezelaneni kobudlelwane. Ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuqondana ngokuqondile nokunciphisa ubuhlobo bobulili. Ngakho-ke lokhu kungase kuholele ekubeni buthakathaka ubuhlobo bomlingani wabo. Ukuze bathole ukufaneleka kwesimangalo, abacwaningi bahlose ukuhlola ubuhlobo bezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi ekuzibophezelweni kobudlelwane kwabantu abashadile ePhilippines. Kuvezwe ukuthi Ukusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuyi-Internet kunomthelela omubi ekuzibophezelaneni kobudlelwane emishadweni yasePhilippines eshadile Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubheka izithombe ezingcolile ku-intanethi kwancipha ukuzinikela kobudlelwane okuholela ebuhlotsheni obungaphephile. Lolu uphenyo luthola ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kwe-intanethi kunomthelela omubi owenziwe ngokuzibophezela ekuzibophezelaneni kobudlelwane nabantu abashadile basePhilippines
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile Zobulili Ezingcolile (PPCS) (2017)
Inhloso yaleli phepha kwakungukudala imibuzo yemibuzo yokusebenzisa i-porn enenkinga. Ngenqubo yokuqinisekisa izinsimbi, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi amaphuzu aphezulu ku-questionnaire yokusebenzisa i-porn ahlobene nokunciphisa ukwaneliseka ngokocansi. Ukungafani kobulili ekwanelisekeni kobudlelwano akuzange kukhulunywe ngakho. Ingcaphuno:
Ngakho-ke, inani labahlanganyeli be-772 (abesifazane = 390, 50.5%; abesilisa = 382, 45.5%) agcinwe ukuhlaziywa okwengeziwe okwakuphakathi kweminyaka eyi-18 no-54
Ukwaneliseka ngokuphila kobulili kwakunobuthakathaka futhi buhlobene kabi namazinga we-PPCS
Ucwaningo LwezeMpilo Yezocansi kanye Nezithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile Phakathi Kokuhlukanisa-Ukucela Abesifazane NgaseNtshonalanga Azerbaijan-Iran: Isifundo Esihamba Ngezigaba (2017) - Izingcaphuno:
Esinye sezici ezithinta izinkinga zesehlukaniso nezinkinga zobudlelwane emkhatsini wemibhangqwana yilabo abaziphatha ngokocansi nabashadile. Kunezizathu eziningi ezihlukahlukene zokusola ukuthi izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zingathinta isahlukaniso ngendlela enhle noma enhle. Ngakho-ke lolu cwaningo luhlola impilo yezocansi yehlukaniso-ebuza e-Urmia, e-Iran.
Iziphetho: Imiphumela yocwaningo ikhombise ukuthi ubani owayenesikhwama sokwaneliseka ngokocansi oluphansi, abe nesilinganiso esiphezulu sokubukela izici zobulili ezingcolile. Ngokususelwa ekutadisheni kwamanje, ukunakekelwa kwemfundo yomndeni kanye nezinhlelo zokululekwa ikakhulukazi ensimini yezocansi kuyoba nezithelo eziningi.
Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zobulili Ukubuka nokugculiseka ngokocansi: Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Quadratic (2017) - Izingcaphuno:
Lesi sihloko sinikeza imiphumela kusuka ekuhloleni kwabantu abangaba ngu-1,500 base-US. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-quadratic kuboniswe ubudlelwane be-curvilinear phakathi kobuciko bezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ukubukwa nokwaneliseka ngokocansi ngendlela engavamile, engaguquki emgwaqweni ophansi. Imvelo ye-curvilinearity akuzange kwehluke njengomsebenzi wobulili babahlanganyeli, isimo sobudlelwano, noma inkolo.
Kuzo zonke amaqembu, ama-slopes alula awakhona lapho ukubuka kufinyelelwa kanye ngenyanga noma ngaphezulu. Le miphumela i-correlational kuphela. Kodwa-ke, uma kubhekwa umphumela wemizamo, bangasikisela ukuthi ukuchitha izithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezingaphansi kwesisodwa ngenyanga kunomthelela omncane noma akukho nethonya ekuwaneliseni, lokho kunciphisa ukwaneliseka kufaka ukuqala ukubuka okufika kanye ngenyanga, nokuthi ukwanda okweziwe emvamisa ukubuka kuholele ekunciphiseni okungekho ngokukhululekile kokwaneliseka.
Kuze Kuze Kube Nezingcolile Ukuthi Siyingxenye? Imiphumela Longitudinal Ye-Pornography Sebenzisa ku-Divorce (2017)
Lolu cwaningo lwesikhathi eside lusebenzise idatha yephaneli ejwayelekile ye-General Social Survey eqoqwe ezinkulungwaneni zabantu abadala baseMelika. Abaphenduli babuzwa kathathu ngokusetshenziswa kwabo kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kanye nesimo sabo somshado - njalo eminyakeni emibili kusuka ku-2006-2010, 2008-2012, noma i-2010-2014. Izingcaphuno:
Ukutadisha kwethu kungokuqala ukuhlola ukuthi ukubuka izithombe ezingcolile kungahle kuhlotshaniswe kanjani nokuzinza komshado besebenzisa idatha emele izwe kanye ne-longitudinal. Ukusebenzisa indlela ephindwe kabili evumela ukuthi sihlukanise ubudlelwane obude phakathi kokubukela izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kanye nethuba lokuhlukanisa, sithola ukuthi amathuba okuhlukanisa cishe aphindwe kabili kulabo abaqala izithombe zobulili ezingcolile basebenzisa phakathi kwamagagasi. Ngenkathi lobudlelwane bubukeka bunamandla nakakhulu kubantu besifazane ngokwezindlela ezibikezelwe, amadoda nabesifazane behluke ngokuphawulekayo komunye nomunye. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sithole ukuthi ukuphela kokusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kwakuhlotshaniswa nokuphila okungezansi kwehlukaniso, kodwa kwabesifazane kuphela
Ukuqala ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile phakathi kwamagagasi okuhlola kucishe kwaphindeka kabili amathuba okuba umuntu ahlukaniswe yisikhathi esilandelayo senhlolovo, kusuka kumaphesenti ayi-6 kuye kumaphesenti ayi-11, futhi kucishe kwaphindeka kathathu kwabesifazane, kusuka kumaphesenti ayi-6 kuya kumaphesenti ayi-16. Imiphumela yethu ikhombisa ukuthi ukubukela izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zomphakathi, kungaba nemiphumela emibi ekuzinzeni komshado. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuyeka ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile phakathi kwamagagasi okuhlola kwakunezizathu ezingezansi zokuhlukanisa, kodwa kuphela kwabesifazane.
Ukuhlaziywa okungeziwe kwabonisa nokuthi ubudlelwane phakathi kokuqala kobulili ezingcolile besebenzisa amathuba okuhlukanisa kwakunamandla phakathi kwabaseMelika abancane, labo ababengenkolo engaphansi, nalabo ababika injabulo enkulu emshadweni wokuqala
Ingabe Abasebenzisa Izithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile Kungenzeka Basheshe Bahlangane? Ubufakazi obuvela ku-Longitudinal Data (2017) - Umbhalo ocacile:
Lolu cwaningo luhlolisise ukuthi ngabe amaMelika abasebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, noma kunjalo noma ngaphezulu, athambekele kakhulu ukubika ukuthi bahlukana ngothando ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Idatha ye-longitudinal ithathwe emagagasi e-2006 nama-2012 wezwe elimele I-Portraits ye-American Life Study. Ukuhlukunyezwa kokubambisana kokubambisana kuhlaziya kubonise ukuthi amaMelika abheka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile nhlobo ku-2006 cishe cishe kabili njengalabo abangakaze babheke izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ukuba babike ukuthi bahlukana ngothando ngo-2012, ngisho nangemva kokulawula izici ezifanele ezifana nobuhlobo be-2006 nobuhlobo be-sociodemographic correlates. Le nhlangano yayinamandla kakhulu kubantu kunabesifazane nakwabantu baseMelika abangashadile kunokuba abakwaMelika abashadile. Aama-nalyses futhi wabonisa ubuhlobo obuphakathi kokuthi ama-Amerika amaningi abheka kanjani izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ku-2006 kanye nezinkinga zabo zokubhekana nokuhlukana nge-2012.
Imiphumela enikelwe ekuhlukaniseni
Ngenkathi amathuba okuba abesifazane abahlukanayo avuka kuphela ngamaphesenti angu-34 ngokubuka izithombe ezingcolile zobulili (kusukela kumaphesenti angu-15.4 kuya kuma-23.5 amaphesenti), tUbungozi besilisa abesilisa abanobulili obhekene nokuhlukana kwakungaphezu kwezikhathi ezingu-3.5 zabasebenzisi abangewona abathintekayo (amaphesenti angu-22.5 kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angu-6.3).
Izindlela zokusebenzisana phakathi kokusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile nokunciphisa ukwaneliseka ngokocansi (2017)
Ngenkathi ixhumanisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-porn ukwehlisa ukwaneliseka kwezocansi, kubikwa nokuthi imvamisa yokusetshenziswa kwe-porn yayihlobene nokukhethwayo (noma isidingo?) Ze-porn ngaphezulu kwabantu ukuze zifinyelele ukuvuswa kocansi. Isicashunwa:
Ukuqondiswa yi-theory yombhalo wezocansi, inkolelo yokuqhathaniswa kwezenhlalo, futhi kwaziswa ngokucwaninga kwangaphambili ngezithombe zobulili ezingcolile, ukuhlalisana kwabantu kanye nokwaneliseka ngokocansi, ucwaningo lwamanje olwenziwa ngabantu abadala abalingani bobulili obucwaningayo bahlolisisa imodeli yombono ehlanganisa ukuvame ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ukunciphisa ukwaneliseka ngokocansi ngokubona ukuthi izithombe zobulili ezingcolile umthombo oyinhloko wolwazi lwezocansi, okuthandwa yizocansi ezingcolile ngokuzijabulisa ngokocansi okuhlangene, nokuhlaziya kokuxhumana ngokocansi. Imodeli yaxhaswa yimininingwane yabesilisa nabesifazane.
I-porn qhathanisa nabalingani bangempela
Imvamisa yokusetshenziswa kocansi ihlotshaniswa nokubona izithombe zobulili ezingcolile njengomthombo oyinhloko wolwazi ngocansi, oluhlotshaniswa nokuthandwa kobulili obungcolile ngokuzijabulisa kocansi okuhlukanisiwe nokuhlaziya ukuxhumana ngokobulili. Ukukhetha izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ekuzijabuliseni ngokobulili nokuhlukanisa ukukhulumisana ngokobulili kokubili kuhlotshaniswa nokwaneliseka okuncane ngokocansi.
Ekugcineni, sithole ukuthi imvamisa yokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile yayihlobene ngokuqondile nesithandwa esihlotsheni sezocansi kunokuba kunesithakazelo socansi esihlangene. Abahlanganyeli esifundweni samanje baqede kakhulu izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zokushaya indlwabu. Ngakho-ke, lokhu okutholayo kungabonakalisa umphumela wokumiswa kwezidakamizwa (Cline, 1994; Malamuth, 1981; Wright, 2011). Ngokuvamile izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ziyasetshenziswa njengethuluzi lokuvusa ukushaya indlwabu, lapho umuntu engase abe nesimo se-pornography ngokungafani neminye imithombo yokuvusa ucansi.
Ukusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, isimo somshado nokunethezeka ngokocansi kwisampula esingekho emtholampilo (i-2018)
Akukho mehluko ophawuliwe phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Izingcaphuno:
Esifundweni samanje, ubudlelwane obuphakathi kokwaneliseka ngokobulili nokuvame ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuhlolwe, kanye nomphumela wesimo somshado nokusebenzisana kwayo nemvamisa yokusetshenziswa kocansi. Isampula se-204 abantu sigcwalise inhlolovo enhlobonhlobo. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi ukwaneliseka ngokobulili kuhlobene nokuvama kokusetshenziswa kocansi. Isimo somshado siphinde sithinte kakhulu ngokugculiseka ngokobulili, kodwa umphumela wokuxhumana phakathi kokubili okuguquguqukayo okuzimele akubanga okuphawulekayo.
Ukusetshenziswa kocansi kanye nokwaneliseka ngokocansi eSample Korean (2018)
Kwakukubi kwabesifazane. Izicashunwa:
Lo mbiko wocwaningo uhlolisise ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kanye nokwaneliseka ngocansi ngesampula esisodwa sabantu abadala baseKorea. Ngokuhambisana nezifundo zangaphambili, ukuhlangana okuhambisana phakathi kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile nokunethezeka kwakungalungile futhi kubalulekile. Noma kunjalo, ukungezwa kwegama le-quadratic ku-equation kwandise imodeli efanelekile. Ukuhlaziywa komthelela wokubambisana kubonisa ukuthi ubuhlobo obunqunyelwe u-U bobabili besilisa nabesifazane, njengokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ngezikhathi ezithile kuhlotshaniswa nokwaneliseka okwedlulele, kuyilapho ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiliphi izinga lokujwayelekile lihlotshaniswa nokwaneliseka okuphansi. Ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kubonise ukuthi ubudlelwane obubi phakathi kokusebenzisa izithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezingcolile kanye nokwaneliseka okungezansi kwakumakwe kancane kwabesifazane, kuyilapho ubuhlobo obuhle phakathi kokusebenzisa izithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezingcolile kanye nokwaneliseka okwedlulele kwakumakwe kancane kubantu. Ubuhlobo bobudlelwane phakathi kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kanye nokwaneliseka kwakufana nabantu abangokwenkolo nabangakholwayo nabantu abanobuhlobo hhayi ebuhlotsheni.
Ingabe Izithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile Zobulili Zabesifazane Zibukeka Ezihlobene Nezithombe Zomzimba Noma Ukwaneliseka Kobuhlobo? (I-2018) - Izingcaphuno:
Sasihlolisisa ubudlelwane obuphakathi kokubukwa kwemvamisa kanye nokubukeka okunenkinga kokuzithokozisa emzimbeni wesithombeni kanye nokwaneliseka kobudlelwane kwabesifazane ... .. Futhi mayelana ne-H1, ukubuka imvamisa kwakuhlobene kabi nokuhlolisana kobudlelwane besifazane ezingeni le-bivariate.
Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okufingqiwe kwabesifazane abakwa-Heterosexual with Partner (2019) - Izingcaphuno:
Sibheke abesifazane abangu-706 abangqingili (18-29 ubudala) e-United States, bahlanganisa ukusetshenziswa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ngokuthandwa kobulili, okuhlangenwe nakho, nokukhathazeka. Phakathi kwabathengi besifazane ababesebenza ngokocansi, amazinga aphezulu asetshenziselwa ukushaya indlwabu ahlotshaniswa nokuvuselelwa kwengqondo kwe-pornographic script ngesikhathi sikhumbula ubulili obukhunjulwa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ngesikhathi socansi nomlingani, ukuthembela okuqinile izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ukuthola nokugcina ukuvusa, nokuthandayo izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ukusetshenziswa phezu kocansi nomlingani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenzwa okuphezulu kweskripthi sezocansi ngesikhathi socansi, kunokuba nje ubuke izinto eziphathekayo zobulili ezingcolile, kuhlotshaniswa namazinga aphezulu okungaqiniseki ngokubukeka kwawo futhi kunciphise injabulo yezenzo ezithandekayo ezifana nokumanga noma ukucindezela ngesikhathi socansi nomlingani.
Izindlela Ezisekelwe Ngaphansi Kokuthinta Ubuhlobo Phakathi Kokusetshenziswa Komzimba Okucacile Ngokobulili Ukuqhathaniswa Nokuzwana Ukwaneliseka Ubudlelwano Besikhathi Eside (2019) - Umbhalo ocacile:
Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-SEM kwakungathí sina ngokuhlosene nobudlelwane phakathi kobulili obuhlukile, kodwa hhayi abantu abathandana nabo besilisa nabesifazane. Lolu cwaningo luhlolisise izinqubo ezibangela ukuhlobana phakathi kwe-SEM kanye nokwaneliseka kobudlelwane ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuziphendukela kwemvelo ezihambisana nokuhlangana kwabantu.
Ukuthandwa esikhundleni: Umphumela wezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ekuhlotsheni obuseduze (2019)
Imizamo engabonakali yokuphazamisa ukuhlanganiswa okuyisisekelo, okwakucacile: Ukusetshenziswa kocansi okuningi kwakuhlobene nokucindezeleka okukhulu nesizungu / ukwaneliseka kobuhlobo obuncane nokusondelana. Izingcaphuno:
Kulolu cwaningo, abantu abadala abangama-357 babike izinga labo lokuncipha kothando, ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile masonto onke, izinhloso zabo zokusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile (kufaka phakathi ukwaneliseka kwempilo kanye nokunciphisa isizungu), kanye nezinkomba zokuphila kwabo ngakunye nokuhlobene…. Njengoba kubikezelwe, ukuhlukunyezwa komzwelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kwakuhlobene kakhulu nokwaneliseka kobudlelwane nobudlelwane, kuyilapho kuhloswe ngokuhlobene nesizungu nokucindezeleka.
Impilo yezocansi nokuzala kanye namalungelo eSweden 2017 (2019)
Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngo-2017 yiSweden Public Health Authority kuqukethe isigaba esixoxa ngokutholakele kwabo kwezocansi. Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kwakuhlobene nempilo yezocansi ampofu futhi kwehlisa ukungeneliseki ngokocansi. Izicashunwa:
Amaphesenti angu-40 anamadoda aneminyaka engu-16 kuya ku-29 abasebenzisi abaningi bezithombe zobulili ezingcolile, okusho ukuthi badla izithombe zobulili ezingcolile nsuku zonke noma cishe nsukuzonke. Amaphesenti afanayo phakathi kwabesifazane ngamaphesenti angu-3. Imiphumela yethu ibuye ibonise ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwezithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezingcolile kanye nempilo yezocansi empofu, kanye nokuhlangana nomuntu ocansini, ukulindela okuphezulu kakhulu kokusebenza kocansi, nokunganeliseki ngokuphila komuntu. Cishe ingxenye yesifundazwe sokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwazo izithombe zobulili ezingcolile akuthinti impilo yabo yesondo, kuyilapho owesithathu engazi uma kuthinta noma cha. Amaphesenti amancane kokubili abesifazane nabesilisa bathi ukusetshenziswa kwabo kocansi kunomthelela omubi empilweni yabo yobulili. Kwakuvame kakhulu kubantu abanezemfundo ephakeme ukuba basebenzise njalo izithombe zobulili ezingcolile uma kuqhathaniswa namadoda anemfundo ephansi.
Kunesidingo solwazi oluthe xaxa kusixhumanisi phakathi kokusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kanye nempilo. Isiqephu esibalulekile sokuvimbela ukuxoxa ngemiphumela emibi yezithombe zobulili ezingcolile nabafana nezinsizwa, futhi isikole yindawo engokwemvelo yokwenza lokhu.
Ukuqhathaniswa, Amaphethini kanye Nemiphumela Eyaziwayo Yezithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile Ukusetshenziswa Kwabafundi BePolish University: Isifundo Esihamba Ngezigaba (2019)
Ucwaningo olunzulu (n = 6463) kubafundi basekolishi besilisa nabesifazane (i-median age 22) babika amazinga aphakeme kakhulu okulutha kocansi (15%), ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kocansi (ukubekezelelana), izimpawu zokuhoxa, nezinkinga ezihlobene nocansi nezobudlelwano. Ucwaningo lwalunabesifazane abaningi kunabesilisa. Izingcaphuno ezifanele:
Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ebonakalayo engalungile yokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuhlanganisiwe: isidingo sokuvuselela isikhathi eside (12.0%) nokunye okuningi kocansi (17.6%) ukufinyelela i-orgasm, nokunciphisa ukwaneliseka ngocansi (24.5%) ...
Isifundo samanje siphakamisa ukuthi ukuvezwa kwangaphambili kungase kuhlotshaniswe nokwehlisa amandla okuya ocansini njengoba kuboniswe isidingo sokugqugquzela isikhathi eside kanye nesimiso esiningi sezocansi ezidingekayo ukuze kufinyelele i-orgasm uma kudla izinto ezicacile, futhi konke kunciphisa ukwaneliseka ngokobulili...
Ukushintsha okuhlukahlukene kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile okusetshenziswa okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokudonswa kwabikwa: ukushintshela kunhlobo yombhalo wezinto ezicacile (i-46.0%), ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingavumelani nokuya ocansini (60.9%) futhi zidinga ukusebenzisa ngaphezulu impahla eyedlulele (enobudlova) (32.0%) ...
Ukuqhathaniswa kokulutha okubonakalayo kokuziqhenya kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kubantu abaningi abafundisiwe (n = 6463) yayingu-12.2%, ngenkathi kusetshenziswe abasebenzisi bamanje (n = 4260) lilinganiselwa 15.5% (n = 787) kungekho umehluko owaziwa phakathi kwabafundi besifazane nabesilisa.
Umphumela wezithombe zocansi emibhangqwaneni eshadile (2019)
Isifundo saseGibhithe esingajwayelekile. Ngenkathi ucwaningo lubika ukusetshenziswa kwe-porn okwandayo kwemiphumela yokuvuka, imiphumela yesikhathi eside ayihambelani nemiphumela yesikhashana ye-porn.
Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukubuka izithombe zocansi kunokuhlobana okuhle ngokwezibalo iminyaka yomshado. Lokhu bekuvumelana neGoldberg et al. 14 owathi izithombe ezingcolile zingumlutha kakhulu.
Kunokuhlobana okungekuhle kakhulu phakathi kokugculiseka kwempilo yezocansi nokubuka izithombe zocansi njengoba ama-68.5% ababukeli abaqondile abanelisekile ngempilo yabo yezocansi.
Izithombe zocansi zikhulisa ukushaya indlwabu phakathi kwe-74.6% yababukeli, kepha akunakusiza ukufinyelela kwi-orgasm phakathi kwe-61.5% yabo. Ukubuka izithombe zocansi kukhulisa izehlakalo zesehlukaniso (33.8%) (P = 0.001).
Isiphetho: Izithombe zocansi zinomthelela omubi ebuhlotsheni bomshado.
Ithebula kusuka ocwaningweni:
Izithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile kanye Nokungeneliseki Ngokwezocansi: Iqhaza Lokuvusa Izithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile, Ukuqhathaniswa Okuphezulu Kwezithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile, Nokuthanda Ukushaya Indlwabu Ngezocansi (2021)
Lolu cwaningo lungolokuqala ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe ukubekisa isifanekiso somuntu ovusa inkanuko ekusetshenzisweni kocansi kuyindlela echazayo kungani ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwe-porn okuhambisana nokwaneliseka kwezocansi nobudlelwano. Kuyakwenza - kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kocansi kungaholela ekuthandweni kokushaya indlwabu ocansini ngobulili obuhlukanisiwe. Imiphumela ibhoboza izimbobo kusimangalo sokuthi ukunganeliseki kobudlelwano kuza kuqala futhi kuchaza ukusetshenziswa okuningi kocansi. Ababhali babuye bagxeke indlela yokusebenza futhi ongenankinga iziphetho zolunye ucwaningo lwe-pro-porn, njengamaphepha ka Taylor Kohut futhi USamuel Perry. Izingcaphuno ezimbalwa:
Ucwaningo lwamanje lusebenzise amathuba emininingwane kazwelonke kusuka kusampula enkulu yamadoda nabesifazane e-United States, kugxilwe kwi-subset yabahlanganyeli ababesebudlelwaneni bezothando, ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe izindlela ezintathu ezivame kakhulu ukucatshangelwa (ezinesimo esivusa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, phezulu ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwempilo yakho yobulili kanye nobulili njengoba kukhonjisiwe ezithombeni zobulili ezingcolile, kanye nezithombe zobulili ezingcolile-ezibangelwa ukuhambisa indlwabu ngokobulili obuhlukanisiwe) kwakubikezela ukwaneliseka okuphansi kocansi (futhi ngenxa yalokho okuhlobene).
Ngokuqondile, i-pUcwaningo olucasulayo luhlolisise imodeli yomqondo eveza ukuthi (a) ukusetshenziswa njalo kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile isifanekiso sokuvusa somsebenzisi ukuze siphendule ikakhulukazi ekubonisweni kwezithombe zocansi, (b) lokhu kuvusa umfutho kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kwandisa kokubili (c) ukuqhathanisa okuphezulu phakathi kwempilo yomuntu wobulili kanye nobulili njengoba imelwe ezithombeni zobulili ezingcolile futhi (d) ukuthanda ukushaya indlwabu ezithombeni zobulili ezingcolile ngobulili obuhlukanisiwe, nakho (e) kunciphisa imibono yokuthi kwanelisa kangakanani ukuya ocansini nomlingani wakho, futhi ekugcineni (f) kunciphisa imibono yokwaneliseka kobudlelwano.... Okutholakele bekusekele ukuxhumana okucatshangwayo kwabesilisa nabesifazane.
Ababhali bafaka ukungabaza Ukugomela okungathandeki / okungasekelwa nguSamuel Perry (kumenyezelwe izazi zocansi ezi-pro-porn ngokuthi "iqiniso") ukuthi ukushaya indlwabu, hhayi i-porn, kubangela ukwaneliseka kobudlelwano obumpofu. Lesi sifundo esisha siyachaza:
Igama lemibuzo elicacile elixhumanisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile nezindlela zokulamula (ukuvusa inkanuko yezocansi, hhayi nje ukuvusa inkanuko; ukuqhathanisa okuphezulu kwezocansi, hhayi nje ukuqhathanisa okuphezulu; futhi ukuthanda ukushaya indlwabu zocansi, hhayi nje ukushaya indlwabu) kukhuluma ngokugxeka kokuthi izithombe zobulili ezingcolile (njengoba kulinganiswa ngaphandle komongo onjalo ezifundweni zangaphambili) kuhambisana nezici eziyiqiniso ezibangela ukusetshenziswa kwazo nokwaneliseka okuphansi (I-Perry, 2020b).
Ababhali babuye babuze usizo lwenye intandokazi yocansi yezocansi eyithanda kakhulu, i- okuvame ukukhonjwa isifundo sikaTaylor Kohut, equkethe "ubufakazi" babasebenzisi be-porn abajwayelekile:
Ngokuhambisana nezifundo zangaphambilini ezihlobanise izinkomba zezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ngezinyathelo ezihlukile zokwaneliseka ngokocansi nobudlelwano (UWright et al., 2017), lo imiphumela yamanje inikeza isizathu esengeziwe sokubuza ubufakazi bomkhiqizo wabasebenzisi njengobufakazi obunemiphumela yemiphumela emihle yezithombe zobulili ezingcolile (Kohut et al., 2017).
Ngokumangazayo, uKohut noPerry bobabili babengamalungu yesayithi le-pro-porn eliphula uphawu lokuhweba, I-RealYBOP.
Ukungazethembi kokunamathisela nokuzazi isithombe somzimba phakathi kwabesifazane: Indima yokulamula yokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi (2021)
Si… sithole indima yokulamula yokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi phakathi kokunamathisela okukhathazayo nokuzazi ngomzimba kwabesifazane njengamanje abasebudlelwaneni bezothando…. Imiphumela yethu iphakamisa ukuthi abesifazane bangabanjwa kakhulu yithonya lokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile emzimbeni wabo ukuzazi lapho benamathele ngokukhathazeka kumlingani othandana naye.
Izifundo ze-Neurological ezibandakanya abasebenzisi be-porn besifazane
Ukulutha kocansi lwe-Cyber kubasebenzisi besifazane abangabesilisa ocansini bezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi kungachazwa ngokucabangela ukuxhaswa (2014) - Ingcaphuno:
Esimweni sokulutha kwe-intanethi, i-inthanethi icatshangwa ukuthi iyisicelo se-Inthanethi lapho abasebenzisi besengozini yokuthuthukisa ukuziphatha kokulutha. Ngokuqondene nabesilisa, ucwaningo lokuhlola luye lwabonisa ukuthi izinkomba zokuvusa ngocansi nokulangazelela ekuphenduleni imibiko yezingcolile zobulili ezihlobene ne-Inthanethi zihlobene nokuqina komlutha we-inthanethi ocansini abasebenzisi be-pornography (i-IPU). Njengoba uphenyo olufanayo oluphathelene nabesifazane alukho, injongo yalolu cwaningo ukuphenya ukubikezela kokulutha kwe-inthanethi ngocansi ngobungqingili besifazane.
Sihlolisise abasebenzisi be-51 besifazane be-IPU nabakwa-51 abangabasebenzisi be-pornography abangeyona inthanethi (i-NIPU). Ukusebenzisa imibuzo, sihlolisise ukuqina komlutha wocansi lwe-inthanethi ngokujwayelekile, kanye nokuzijabulisa kokuzijabulisa ngokocansi, ukuziphatha okubi kocansi okujwayelekile, nokuqina kwempawu zengqondo. Ukwengeza, i-paradigm yokuhlola, kuhlanganise nokulinganisa okuzithobayo kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-100, kanye nezinkomba zokufuna, kwaqhutshwa.
Abasebenzisi be-porn bavuswa kakhulu
Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi i-IPU ilinganise izithombe zezithombe zobulili ezingcolile njengoba zivusa kakhulu futhi zibike ukulangazelela okukhulu ngenxa yesethulo sezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuqhathaniswa ne-NIPU. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulangazelela, ukulinganisa ngokocansi kwezithombe, ukuzwela ekuzijabuliseni ngokocansi, ukuziphatha okubi kocansi kanye nokuqina kwezimpawu zengqondo kubikezele ukuthambekela ekubhebhethekeni kwe-inthanethi ku-IPU. Ukuba nobuhlobo, inani loxhumana nabo ngokocansi, ukwaneliseka koxhumana nabo ngokocansi, nokusetshenziswa kocansi lwama-intanethi okusebenzisana akuhlobene nokuxilongwa kwe-inthanethi ngocansi. Le miphumela ihambisana nalabo ababikwe abesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa ocansini ngezifundo zangaphambilini.
Okutholakele mayelana nokuvuselela ukuvuselela ngokocansi, izindlela zokufunda, kanye nendima yokuqaphela ukusebenza kanye nokulangazelela ekuthuthukiseni ukubheja kwe-inthanethi ku-IPU kudingeka kudingidwe.
Ukuhlola Ubudlelwane Phakathi Kokuphoqeleka Ngokocansi nokukhathazeka Ngamazwi Ahlobene Nezocansi Eqoqweni Labantu Abasebenza Ngocansi (2016)
Abahlanganyeli abangamashumi ayisihlanu nanhlanu abaziveze 'njengabenza ubulili' kanye 'nabobulili obuhlukile' (I-28 yindoda, i-27 wesifazane; iminyaka yobudala i-28.4, I-SD 10.4, ibanga le-20-69) lihlanganyele ekucwaningweni.
Lolu cwaningo luchaza ukutholakala kwe lolu cwaningo lwe-2014 Cambridge University ukuthi kuqhathanisa ukukhathazeka okubhekayo abantu abahlukunyezwa yi-porn kuya ekulawuleni okunempilo. Ucwaningo olusha luhlukahluka: kunokuba kuqhathaniswa nezilingo eziphuthumayo zokulawula izicansi, izifundo ezintsha ezihlotshaniswa ezihlotshaneni zemibuzo yokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi emiphumeleni yomsebenzi ohlolisisa ukukhathazeka (incazelo yokukhathalela). Ucwaningo luchaze imiphumela emibili eyinhloko:
- Izinga eliphezulu lokuzibophezela ngokobulili lihambisana nokuphazanyiswa okukhulu (ukuphazamiseka okwenyukayo) ngesikhathi somsebenzi wokuqaphela. Lokhu kufana nokuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa.
- Phakathi kwalabo ababeka phambili ekubhekaneni nocansi, bambalwa iminyaka yokuzibandakanya ngokobulili yayihlobene okukhulu ukucabangela.
Ukususwa kwenkululeko
Ababhali baphethe ngokuthi lo mphumela ungakhombisa ukuthi iminyaka eminingi "yezenzo zocansi eziphoqayo" iholela ekujwayeleni okukhulu noma ekunciphiseni okujwayelekile kwempendulo yenjabulo (ukungafuneki). Ingcaphuno yesigaba sokuphetha:
“Enye incazelo engaba khona yale miphumela ukuthi njengoba umuntu ocindezelwa ngokocansi ezibandakanya ekuziphatheni okuyimpoqo, ithempulethi evusa inkanuko iyakhula nokuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isimilo esibi kakhulu siyadingeka ukuze kufinyelelwe kulelo zinga lokuvusa. Kuphikiswa ngokuqhubekayo ukuthi njengoba umuntu ehileleka ekuziphatheni okuphoqelela ngokwengeziwe, izindlela ezingena ezindleleni ziye zingasenamsebenzi nezisusa zocansi 'ezijwayelekile' noma izithombe futhi abantu baphendukela ezintweni eziningi 'ezeqisayo' ukuze baqonde isifiso esivusa inkanuko. ”
Akukho ukungafani okubonwayo phakathi kwabahlanganyeli besilisa nabesifazane:
Ayikho imiphumela yobudala noma ubulili (abesilisa: M = 20.75, i-SD 46.61; abesifazane: M = 19.30, i-SD 52.46) ngezinombolo zokuphazamiseka zaboniswa futhi azicatshangelwa ekuhlaziyweni okulandelayo.
Ukuziphatha kocansi okunenkinga kubantu abadala: Izinhlangano eziguquguqukayo zomtholampilo, zokuziphatha, kanye ne-neurocognitive (2016)
Izihloko ezifakiwe abesilisa nabesifazane. Abantu abanezinkinga zokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi (PSB) babonisa ukulahlekelwa okungaqondakali kwezinzwa eziningi. Lezi zithole zibonisa ukuthi zihluphekile ukusebenza okuphezulu (ukungalungi) okuyinto a isici esiyinhloko sobuchopho esivela ezilutha izidakamizwa. Izingcaphuno ezimbalwa:
Kusukela kulesi sakhiwo, kungenzeka ukulandelela izinkinga ezibonakalayo kwi-PSB nakwezinye izici zomtholampilo, njengokungaboni kahle ngokomzwelo, ekulahlekeni okungokwengqondo .... Uma izinkinga zengqondo ezihlongozwe kulolu hlalutyo empeleni ziyisici esiyinhloko se-PSB, lokhu kungase kube nemiphumela ephawulekayo emitholampilo.
Isifiso socansi, hhayi ubulili obufanayo, sihlobene Nezimpendulo Ze-Neurophysiological Ezihlotshiswe Izithombe Zezocansi (2013)
Izihloko zifaka phakathi abesilisa nabesifazane. Ucwaningo lwe-EEG lwathathwa kumaphephandaba njengobufakazi ngokumelene ukuba khona komlutha wezocansi / ucansi. Akunjalo. Lolu cwaningo lwe-Laban ye-Lab, njengalokhu olungezansi, empeleni lusekela ekukhokheni kokubili ukulutha kocansi kanye nokusebenzisa izithombe ezingcolile ekulawuleni phansi isifiso socansi. Ngokuvumelana ne-Cambridge University ukuhlola izinkolelo zobuchopho, le EEG Ucwaningo lubuye lwabika ukukhunjulwa okukhulu kwe-porn ekuxhumaniseni nayo Ngaphansi isifiso sobulili obuhlukanisiwe. Ukubeka enye indlela - abantu abane-activation enkulu yobuchopho ezithombeni ezingcolile bangathanda ukushaya indlwabu ocansini kunokuya ocansini nomuntu wangempela. Ngokushaqisayo, okhulumela ucwaningo uNicole Prause wathi abasebenzisi be-porn babene "libido ephezulu", kepha imiphumela yocwaningo isho okuhluke kakhulu .Amaphepha amahlanu abuyekezwe ngontanga aveza iqiniso: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Buka futhi I-YBOP enkulu ihlaziya.
Ukushintshaniswa Kwezinto Ezinhle Zesikhathi Eside Ngezithombe Zobulili Kubasebenzisi Benkinga Nokulawula Okungahambisani ne- "Porn Addiction" (2015)
Izihloko zifaka abesilisa nabesifazane. Olunye ucwaningo lwe-SPAN Lab EEG (brain-wave) ngokuqhathanisa izifundo ze-2013 kusuka ku- isifundo esingenhla eqenjini elilawulayo langempela (okwamanje labhekana nezinkinga ezifanayo ezibizwa ngenhla). Imiphumela: uma kuqhathaniswa nezilawuli "abantu ababhekana nezinkinga ezilawula ukubukwa kwabo kocansi" babe nakho aphansi ukuphendula kobuchopho ekuvezeni okwesikhashana kwezithombe ze-porn ye-vanilla. Umbhali oholayo, uNicole Prause, uthi le miphumela "debunk umlutha wezocansi".
Eqinisweni, okutholakele Prause et al. I-2015 ihambisane ngokuphelele UKühn noGallinat (2014), Okutholile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kocansi okuningi kuhambisana nokusebenza okuncane kobuchopho ekuphenduleni izithombe ze-vanilla porn. Ukutholwa kukaPrause kuhambisana futhi Banca et al. 2015. Ukufundwa okuphansi kwe-EEG kusho ukuthi izifundo azinaki kangako izithombe. Ngokumane nje, abasebenzisi bezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ababevame ukungazithandi izithombe ze-vanilla porn. Babenesithukuthezi (bejwayele noma bengenasizungu). Lokhu okutholakele kuyahambisana nokubekezelelana, uphawu lokulutha. Ukubekezelelana kuchazwa njengokuncipha kwempendulo yomuntu kumuthi noma kwisikhuthazo okungumphumela wokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe. Bona lokhu I-YBOP enkulu ihlaziya. Amaphepha amahlanu abuyekezwe ngontanga avumelana ukuthi lesi sifundo sitholile ukungafuni / ukuhlala kubasebenzisi bezintambo ezivamile: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Ekugcineni, lolu cwaningo lwe-2016 olungathandeki lukaTaylor Kohut luvame ukuboniswa njengobufakazi bokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-porn kunikeza izibonelelo ezizuzisa kakhulu kubashadikazi: Imiphumela Ebonwayo Yezithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile Kubudlelwane Bobulili: Ukutholwa Kwokuqala Kwe-Open-Ended, Ukwaziswa Okubambe iqhaza, "Ukwaziswa Okuphansi". (I-2016). Chofoza kusixhumanisi ukuze ufunde kabanzi.
Amaphutha amabili ajwayelekile aveza imiphumela engenamsebenzi:
I-1) Ucwaningo aluhlali esampula esimele. Ngenkathi ucwaningo oluningi lukhombisa ukuthi idlanzana labalingani besifazane abasebenzisa abesilisa abasebenzisa i-porn, kulolu cwaningo 95% yabesifazane basebenzise izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ngokwabo. Futhi ama-85% abesifazane asebenzise i-porn kusukela ekuqaleni kobudlelwano (kwezinye izimo iminyaka). Lawo mazinga aphakeme kunamadoda asekolishi! Ngamanye amagama, abacwaningi kubukeka sengathi baphikise isampula labo ukuze bakhiqize imiphumela abebeyifuna. Iqiniso: Idatha ehlukanisiwe evela kwinhlolovo enkulu kunazo zonke yase-US (i-General Social Survey) ibike ukuthi kuphela u-2.6% wabesifazane abavakashele "iwebhusayithi yezocansi" ngenyanga edlule. Idatha evela ku-2000, 2002, 2004. Ukuthola okuningi bheka - Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile nomshado (2014)
I-2) Ucwaningo lusebenzise imibuzo "evulekile evulekile" lapho isihloko singadabula khona futhi siqhubeke mayelana nezocansi. Ngemuva kwalokho abacwaningi bafunda ama-rambling futhi banquma, ngemuva kweqiniso, ukuthi yiziphi izimpendulo "ezibalulekile," nokuthi baziveza kanjani (ukuziphotha?) Ephepheni labo. Lapho-ke abacwaningi babe sebenenyongo yokuphakamisa ukuthi zonke ezinye izifundo ezithinta i-porn kanye nobudlelwano, ezazisebenzisa indlela esungulwe ngokwengeziwe, indlela yesayensi kanye nemibuzo eqondile ngemiphumela ye-porn, iphutha. Le ndlela ilungele kanjani?
Imiphumela emibhangqwaneni
Naphezu kwalezi ziphambeko ezibulalayo izimbhangqwana eziningana zibike imiphumela emibi kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwezingcingo, njenge:
- Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zilula, ezithakazelisayo, ezivusa kakhulu, ezifiselekayo, noma ezithokozisa ngaphezu kokulala nomlingani
- Ukusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuyisifiso sokunciphisa amandla, kunciphisa ikhono lokufeza noma ukulondoloza ukuvusa ucansi, noma ukufeza i-orgasm.
- Abanye bathi ukuchithwa ngokucacile okuchazwe ngokucacile njengomphumela wezithombe zobulili ezingcolile
- Abanye babekhathazekile ukulahlekelwa ukusondelana noma uthando.
- Kwaphakanyiswa ukuthi izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zenza ubulili bangempela bube buhle, buyeke njalo, buphume kancane, noma bujabulise kancane
Ngesizatfu esithile le miphumela emibi ayizange ivele ezihlokweni mayelana nesifundo. Umlobi oholayo website entsha kanye nezihlobo zakhe zama ukuxhaswa imali phakamisa imibuzo embalwa.
Ukuvuselela (2018):
Kulesi sethulo sango-2018 uGary Wilson udalula iqiniso ngemuva kwezifundo ezi-5 ezingabazekayo nezidukisayo, kufaka lolu cwaningo lukaTaylor Kohut: Ucwaningo Lwezingubo: Iqiniso Noma Izinganekwane?
Ukubuyekeza (ngo-Ephreli, i-2019):
Ezama ukuthulisa ukugxekwa kwe-YBOP, idlanzana lababhali laqamba iqembu lokweba uphawu lwentengiso lwe-YBOP (oluholwa ngu Nicole Prause futhi kufaka phakathi uTaylor Kohut). Bona leli khasi ngemininingwane: Ukuhlukunyezwa Okuphawulekayo Kokuhweba Okubanjwe Izidakamizwa Zomlutha Wezinshukela (www.realyourbrainonporn.com). Uma ufuna ukuhlaziywa kwesifundo ongeke ukwazi ukuhlaziya okulandelayo hlola leli khasi: I-Porn Science Deniers Alliance (i-AKA: "RealYourBrainOnPorn.com" ne "PornographyResearch.com"). Ihlola ikhasi lokuphenya "lokucwaninga" lokuhweba, okubandakanya ukufundwa kwe-cherry-eyakhelwe ngaphandle, ukukwenyuka, ukwephulwa okumangalisayo nokukhohliswa.
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