Ingabe ubuchopho bethu buqhamuka ukubhekana nokucindezelwa kwezinkanuko ze-Inthanethi zanamuhla? UGary Wilson ukhuluma ngezinkinga eziphazamisayo ezibonisa abanye abasebenzisa i-Internet abanzima, ukuguqulwa okumangalisayo kwalezo zimpawu, kanye nesayensi kulezi zenzakalo.
Ukusekelwa okungokomthetho kwe- "The Great Porn Experiment" (2012)
Ukuze uthole ukusekelwa okunzulu kwezicelo ezinikezwe kusilayidi ngasinye bheka lawa makhasi amabili:
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokho Isivivinyo Esikhulu Sokuzijabulisa yaqedwa yathunyelwa ku-TEDx ngoDisemba 2011, ngenkathi inkulumo yanikezwa ngoMashi, 2012. Le nkulumo ye-TEDx yayiphendula ngqo kuPhilip Zimbardo "Ukudutshulwa kwamaGay”Inkulumo ye-TED, izilaleli zaseGlasgow ezibuke ngaphambi nje kwenkulumo.
Kusukela ngoDisemba 2011, inhlangano enkulu yokucwaninga okusekelayo kanye nobufakazi bempilo sekufikile ukusekela Isivivinyo Esikhulu Sokuzijabulisa iziqinisekiso ezintathu eziyinhloko, eziyizi:
- I-porn ye-intanethi ingabangela ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi;
- Ukusebenzisa i-intanethi ye-intanethi kungaholela ekuguqulweni kwengqondo okuhlobene nokulutha kwezidakamizwa ze-3 ekhonjiswe ekudakwa kwezidakamizwa; futhi
- Ukusetshenziswa kocansi lwe-intanethi kungase kukhulume izimo ezithile ezingokomqondo nezingokomzwelo (izinkinga zokuhlushwa, ukukhathazeka komphakathi, ukucindezeleka, njll).
Okulandelayo yi isifinyezo esifushane ubufakazi obunyakazo kanye nempilo ephathelene nokusekela izimangalo ezenziwe ku Isivivinyo Esikhulu Sokuzijabulisa
1) Ukusebenzisa i-intanethi ye-intanethi kungabangela ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi:
- Bona lolu hlu lwa izifundo ezingaphezu kwe-35 ezixhumanisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-porn / umlutha wezocansi nezinkinga zobulili kanye nokuvuselela okuncane ekuvuseleleni ezocansi. The Ucwaningo lokuqala lwe-7 kuhlu lubonisa ukuthi i-causation, njengoba abahlanganyeli beqede ukusetshenziswa kwezingcolile kanye nokuphulukisa okungavamile kocansi.
- Ngibhala ngokubheka ukubuyekezwa okulandelayo kwe-2016 kwezincwadi ezithintekayo zocansi ezenziwe ngocansi nge-7 US Navy Doctors. Kuyinto yokubuyekezwa, futhi iqukethe ukwesekwa okunamandla okukhulu kwe-ED eyenziwe ngocansi, kanye nengxoxo yezifundo zamuva eziveza ukuphakama cishe kwe-1000% ebusweni bokungasebenzi obubusha: Ingabe Izithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile Zase-Internet Zibangela Ukuhlukunyezwa Ngokobulili? Ukubukezwa Ngemibiko Yomtholampilo (2016).
- Bona lolu hlu lwa phezu kweziqu ze-75 ezixhumanisa ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ukuze kube nokwaneliseka okuncane kocansi nokuzwana komndeni.
- Ngaphezu kwezifundo ezingenhla, Leli khasi liqukethe ama-athikili, amavidiyo, kanye nama-podcasts yizingcweti ezingaphezulu kwe-140 (ochwepheshe be-urology, urologists, izifo zengqondo, izazi ze-psychologists, izazi zobulili, i-MDs) abavuma futhi baphumelele ngokuphatha i-porn-eyabangela i-ED kanye ne-porn-okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa isifiso sobulili.
- Bona futhi amanye ama-akhawunti aqoshiwe we-3,000 wamadoda alulamela izinkinga zocansi ezenziwe ngocansi phakathi kwama-akhawunti wokutakula ku- (noma axhunyiwe kusuka) kulawa maphepha amathathu: (1) Ukubuyisela kabusha ama-akhawunti we-akhawunti 1(2) Ukubuyisela kabusha ama-akhawunti we-akhawunti 2(3) Ukubuyisela kabusha ama-akhawunti we-akhawunti 3. Amakhasi ayisishiyagalombili alandelayo aqukethe izindaba ezimfushane ezichaza ukusindiswa ekudambisweni kocansi okubangelwa ucansi: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
2) Ukusebenzisa i-intanethi ye-intanethi kungaholela ekuguqulweni kobuchopho obuhlobene no-3 obubhekene nezidakamizwa ezidakamizwa:
Isivivinyo Esikhulu Sokuzijabulisa kubhalwe ukulutha kwezintambo eziyishumi "izifundo zobuchopho," okwakusekela umbono wami wokuthi ukulutha kwe-inthanethi (kanye nama-subtypes okulutha kwe-inthanethi afana nokudlala kanye ne-porn) kukhona futhi kufaka izindlela ezifanayo eziyisisekelo nokushintsha kobuchopho njengezinye izidakamizwa. Lo mkhakha wokutadisha ukhula kakhulu. Kusukela ngo-2019, kukhona ukulutha kwe-inthanethi okungama-350 "kwezifundo zobuchopho." Bonke babika okutholakele kwemizwa nokushintsha kobuchopho kwizidakamizwa ze-intanethi ezihambisana nemodeli yokulutha (uhlu lwe Ukulutha kwe-inthanethi "izifundo zobuchopho"). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakhiwa kwezifundo eziningana zokulutha izidakamizwa ze-intanethi kusekela isimangalo sokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi kubangela (kwezinye) izimpawu ezifana nokucindezeleka, i-ADHD, ukukhathazeka, njll Uhlu lwezifundo ezinjalo: Izifundo ezibonisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-Intanethi nokusetshenziswa kocansi kubangela izimpawu nezinguquko zobuchopho.
Isivivinyo Esikhulu Sokuzijabulisa kuchaze izinguquko ezintathu ezinkulu zobuchopho ezenzeka ngobudakamizwa bezocansi: (1) Ukwehliswa kweSenitization, (2), kanye ne-3. Kusukela ngo-Mashi, i-2012, ucwaningo oluningi lwezinzwa kwabasebenzisi be-porn kanye nezilonda zobulili be-porn lushicilelwe. Zonke lezi zinguquko ezintathu zobuchopho ziye zabonakala phakathi Ucwaningo olususelwa ku-41 lwe-neuroscience on abasebenzisi be-porn abasha kanye nabamlutha kwezocansi:
- Izifundo zokubika ukuzwela (cue-reactivity & cravings) kubasebenzisi be-porn / imilutha yezocansi: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.
- Izifundo zokubika ukungafuneki noma ukujwayela (okuholela ekubekezeleni) kubasebenzisi bezithombe zocansi / izidakamizwa zocansi: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
- Izifundo zibika ukusebenza komsebenzi ompofu (ubuzenzisi) noma ishintshwe umsebenzi wokuzithandela kubasebenzisi be-porn / izidakamizwa zocansi: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16.
The Ucwaningo lwe-44 lwe-neuroscience (I-MRI, i-FMRI, i-EEG, i-neuropsychological, i-hormonal) inikeza ukusekelwa okuqinile kwendlela yokulutha, njengoba kwenza Ukubuyekezwa kwezincwadi ezingama-25 zakamuva nezincazelo ngezinye zezazi eziphezulu zezinzwa emhlabeni.
Ngichaze nokwenyuka noma ukwakheka kwenkulumo yami ye-TEDx (engaba inkomba yokulutha). Izifundo ezinhlanu manje sezicele abasebenzisi be-porn ngqo ngokungena kwezinhlobo ezintsha noma ukubekezelelana, okuqinisekisa bobabili (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) Ukusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene eziqondile, noma ama-akhawunti wemitholampilo, izifundo ezengeziwe ze-40 babike ukutholakala okuhambisana nokujwayela "i-porn ejwayelekile" noma ukukhuphukela ezinhlotsheni ezimbi kakhulu futhi ezingavamile.
Ngokuqondene nokuhoxa, lonke ucwaningo olucelile lubike izimpawu zokuhoxa. Okwamanje Izifundo eziyi-10 zibika izimpawu zokuhoxiswa kwabasebenzisi be-porn.
Kuthiwani ngezifundo ze-neurological ezidonsa umlutha we-porn? Lapho azikho. Ngenkathi umbhali oholayo we Prause et al., 2015 wathi isifundo sakhe esisodwa se-EEG samangalela umlutha wobulili ezingcolile, amaphepha e-9 abukezwe ontanga awavumelani: Izibukezo ezibuyekezwa kontanga Prause et al., 2015. Abacwaningi bezinzwa kulezi zincwadi ze-9 bathi Prause et al. empeleni bathola ukuxoshwa / ukuhlala (okuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kokulutha), njengoba Ngaphansi Ukusebenza kobuchopho ku-vanilla porn (izithombe) kwakuhlobene okukhulu ukusetshenziswa kocansi. Ngokungangabazeki, i Prause et al. ithimba lizitshele ngesibindi ukuthi likhohlisile imodeli yokulutha izidakamizwa nesigaba esisodwa esithathwe kulokhu Incwadi ka-2016 eya kumhleli. Eqinisweni incwadi ye-Prause ayikhohlisi lutho, njengoba lolu cwaningo olunzulu lubonisa: Incwadi eya kumhleli "Prause et al. (I-2015) i-falsification yakamuva yokubikezela izidakamizwa " (2016).
Kepha 'umlutha wezocansi' awukho kuma-APA I-DSM-5, kunjalo? Lapho i-APA igcine ukuvuselela ibhukwana ku-2013 (I-DSM-5), akuzange acabange ngokuqondile "ukulutha kwezidakamizwa ze-intanethi," esikhundleni sokuthi aphikisana ngokuthi "i-hypersexual disorder." Isikhathi sokugcina senkinga yokuziphatha ngokocansi sanconywa ukuba sifakwe I-DSM-5 Iqoqo leQembu lezokuSebenza ngokocansi emva kweminyaka yokubuyekeza. Kodwa-ke, esimisweni sehora leshumi nanye "ikamelo lezinkanyezi" (ngokusho kwelungu leQembu loMsebenzi), enye I-DSM-5 iziphathimandla zenqabe ukucwasana ngokobulili, echaza izizathu eziye zachazwa njengezingenangqondo.
Ngaphambi nje koku I-DSM-5 ukushicilelwa ku-2013, uThomas Insel, uMqondisi weNational Institute of Health Mental, waxwayisa ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuba insimu yempilo yengqondo ime ukuthembela ku-DSM. Yakhe"ubuthakathaka ukungabi khona kweqiniso, ”Echaza, futhingeke siphumelele uma sisebenzisa izigaba ze-DSM njenge “standard gold."Wanezela,"Yingakho i-NIMH izophinde iphinde iqondise ucwaningo lwayo kude ne-DSMs. ” Ngamanye amagama, i-NIMH ihlele ukumisa ucwaningo ngezimali olususelwa kumalebula e-DSM (nokungabikho kwawo).
Izinhlangano ezinkulu zezokwelapha zihamba phambili kwe-APA. I I-American Society of Addiction Medicine (I-ASAM) yathinteka ukuthi yini okufanele ibe yisilumkhuba sokugcina emgodini we-debate wokulutha izidakamizwa ngo-Agasti, i-2011, izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ngilungise inkulumo yami ye-TEDx. Ochwepheshe be-addiction ephezulu ku-ASAM bakhululwe incazelo eqondile yokulutha. Incazelo entsha yenza amanye amaphuzu amakhulu Ngenza enkulumweni yami. Okuphambili, ukuziphatha ngokweqile kwenzalo kuthinta ubuchopho ngezindlela ezifanayo njengoba izidakamizwa zenza. Ngamanye amazwi, Ukulutha ngokweqile kuyisifo esisodwa (isimo), hhayi eziningi. I-ASAM ichaze ngokucacile lokho ukulutha ukuziphatha kabi ngokocansi kukhona futhi kufanele ngempela kubangelwe izinguquko ezifanayo eziyisisekelo zobuchopho ezitholakala ezidakamizwa ezidakayo.
I-World Health Organization ibonakala ikulungele ukumisa ukuhlukunyezwa kwezombangazwe ze-APA. Umbhalo wezokwelapha wezokwelapha osetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni, I-International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), iqukethe ukuxilongwa okusha efanelekile ukulutha izidakamizwa: "Ukucindezeleka Ngokuziphatha Ngokwemvelo. "I-ICD-11 iqukethe ukuxilongwa okusha kokulutha komdlalo wevidiyo: I-inthanethi yokudlala i-disorder.
I-3) Ukusebenzisa i-intanethi ye-intanethi kungabangela izimo ezithile ezingokomzwelo nezingokomzwelo
Isivivinyo Esikhulu Sokuzijabulisa kuchazwe "I-Other Porn Experiment”Lapho izinsizwa ezaqeda ukusetshenziswa kocansi zabika ukuxolelwa kwezinkinga ezingokomzwelo nezingqondo. I-TGPE iphinde ichaze "ukulutha okuvusa inkanuko" (ukulutha kwe-inthanethi kanye ama-subtypes alo) okwandisa noma obangela izimpawu ezifana nobuchopho bobuchopho, inkinga yokuhlushwa, ukukhathazeka okuvamile, ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka komphakathi. Kuka-2018 kukhona izifundo eziningi zokuxhumana futhi Ucwaningo lwe-80 kusekela lokhu okushiwo.
- Okokuqala, kukhona manje phezu kwezinguquko ze-75 ezixhumanisa ukusetshenziswa kwezingcingo ezibhekene nezinkinga ezingokwengqondo ezingokomzwelo ezingokomzwelo kanye nemiphumela empofu yokuqonda.
- Amakhulu ezinfundo kuxhumanise ukusetshenziswa kwe-intanethi okukhulu nemiphumela empofu engqondweni-ngokomzwelo nemiphumela empofu yokuqonda.
- Izifundo ezingaphezu kwe-85 zibonisa ukulutha kwe-inthanethi nokusetshenziswa kocansi kubangela izimpawu ezingokomqondo, ngokomzwelo noma ngokomzimba.
- Ngiphinde ngabhala ukuthi amadoda abona abesifazane ngokuhlukile ngemva kokuyeka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile. Ngokusekela (okungaqondile) kwalokhu, nansi ngaphezu kwezifundo ze-35 ezixhumanisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-porn "nezimo zengqondo ezingalingani" ngabesifazane.
Ku-2016 uGary Wilson washicilela amaphepha amabili abuyekezwa kontanga:
- Ingabe Izithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile Zase-Internet Zibangela Ukuhlukunyezwa Ngokobulili? Ukubukezwa Ngemibiko Yomtholampilo (2016).
- Ukuqeda i-Internet engapheliyo yezithombe ezingcolile Zisebenzise Ukuveza Imiphumela Yayo (2016).
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