Ishicilelwe online 2014 Feb 21. doi: 10.1007 / s10508-014-0261-y
abstract
Ama-appraisals wokuqonda ngocansi angafanekisela ingxenye ebalulekile yokulungiswa nokwelashwa kwe-hypersexourse, kepha okwamanje awamelwa kumamodeli aqanjiwe we-hypersexuality. Ngakho-ke, siqinisekisile isilinganiso esithile sokuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi futhi sahlola ikhono laso elihlukile lokuqagela ubuhlakani. Izingxoxo ezifanele kanye nesampula yendiza ye-60 izitabane ezibandakanya ukuya ocansini nabantu abesilisa abathandanayo kanye nokubuyekezwa kochwepheshe kwezinto zikhiqize ichibi lezinto ze-17 mayelana nokuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi. Isampula elihlukile le-202 elezitabane ezibandakanya ukuya ocansini nabantu besilisa abathandanayo baqeda izindlela zokuvimbela ezocansi kanye nokukhanga, ukufakwa kwamazwelo, ukucwilisa imizwa, ukudangala nokukhathazeka, ukuvivinya umzimba ngokobulili, i-Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory ephakanyiswe I-American Psychiatric Association's I-DSM-5 I-Workgroup kwi-Sexual and Gender Identity Disriers (2010). Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Factor kuqinisekisile ubukhona bezinto ezintathu ezixhaswayo: izidingo zobulili eziqondiwe, izindleko zocansi, kanye nokulawulwa kokulawulwa kwezocansi. Imiphumela yokulinganisa yokwakheka kwezakhiwo yayihambisana nemodeli yokuqonda ye-hypersexourse lapho ukukhulisa isidingo sobulili nokuvumela izibonelelo zokuya ocansini okuqagelwe kunganciphisa ukuzikhandla kokulawula indlela umuntu aziphatha ngayo ngokobulili, konke lokhu obekubikezela ukuthi yi-hypersexourse eyinkinga. Ekubuyiselweni kokuhleleka kokunakekelwa kwezinto eziningi, ukwehlukanisa izinzuzo zocansi kubikezela ukwehluka okuyingqayizivele kwe-hypersexourse, ngisho nangemva kokulungiswa kwendima yokuqanjwa kwengqophamlando yocwaningo olukhona nge-hypersexuality, AOR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.02, 3.10. Imiphumela iphakamisa ukusetshenziswa kwendlela yokuqonda yokuqonda kangcono i-hypersexuality kanye nokubaluleka kokuthuthukisa izindlela zokwelapha ezikhuthaza ukuvuma okuhle ngokuhlobene nemiphumela yezocansi kanye nekhono lomuntu lokulawula indlela aziphatha ngayo kwezocansi.
ISINGENISO
I-hypersexourse eyinkinga yisifo somtholampilo esibonakaliswa yikujwayelekile, kanzima ukulawula imicabango yocansi, ukunxenxa, noma isimilo esihambisana nokucindezelwa okukhulu nemiphumela emibi (I-Kafka, i-2010). Ukungezelela intshisakalo ekuqondeni nasekwelashweni kwe-hypersexourse okuyinkinga kudinga ukukhonjwa kwababikezeli bayo abaphambili nemigomo efanele yokwelashwa. Ukuqonda okukhona okukhona komqondo we-hypersexourse okuyinkinga kudonsela ekuphoqeleleni, ekuphatheni okunamandla, ezimisweni zomzwelo, nakumamodeli wokulutha ngokweqile kokuziphatha (I-Kafka, i-2010; IKingston & Firestone, ngo-2008). Igebe elibonakalayo kulezi zincwadi lifaka ukuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi, okusho ukuthi leyo micabango eyakhelwe ukuthuthuka futhi ebonakalisa izimo zengqondo zomuntu onobandlululo noma ongasebenzi, izinkolelo, kanye nokulindelwe ngocansi, izincazelo zalo, nemiphumela yako.
Yize ukucabanga okungahambi kahle kudlala indima enkulu ekuqondeni i-etiology, ukugcinwa, kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo eziningi zempilo yengqondo, kufaka phakathi lawo ma-comorbid kakhulu nge-hypersexuality (URaymond, uColeman, noMiner, 2003), iqhaza lokucabanga okunjalo ekuqhathaniseni okuyinkinga alizukuhlolisiswa. Ukuqondwa kwe-maladaptive kwezinye izifo zengqondo, njengokucindezela okukhulu kanye ne-dysthymia (U-Beck, uRush, uShaw, no-Emery, ngo-1987), ukukhathazeka ngenhlalo (UClark & Wells, 1995), inkinga yokukhathazeka ejwayelekile (Wells, 1999), ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa (I-Witkiewitz neMarlatt, ngo-2004), kanye nokuphazamiseka kokulawula okungathinti, kufaka phakathi ukugembula kwe-pathological (ISharpe & Tarrier, ngo-1993) kanye ne-kleptomania (Kohn, 2006), chaza ukuhlolwa okungalungile kwencazelo yezimo, imiphumela yokuziphatha komuntu, noma ikhono lomuntu lokusebenzisa amandla izimo zempilo noma zokuziphatha komuntu (U-Beck et al., 1987). Ukudweba amamodeli wokucabanga walezi ezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo (isib. ISharpe & Tarrier, ngo-1993), sathola ukuthi ukucabanga okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi kungaqukatha, ngokwesibonelo, ukulinganisa okunganembile mayelana nencazelo noma imiphumela yocansi noma ikhono lomuntu lokusebenzisa amandla okuziphatha kwakhe kwezocansi.
Siphinde sabuyekeza amamodeli akhona we-hypersexourse eyinkinga futhi sathola ukuthi, ngenkathi lezi zinhlobo okwamanje zingasikhombisi ngokuqondile ukuqonda okungahambi kahle, nokho zivumela iqhaza elibalulekile lokuqondisisa ukuqonda i-etiology, ukugcinwa, nokwelashwa kwe-hypersexuality. Isibonelo, amamodeli wokucindezela we-hypersexuality (Coleman, 1987, 1990) gcizelela ukusetshenziswa kocansi ukunciphisa noma ukugwema ukusongela izwe elikhathazayo, njengokukhathazeka. Izinqubo zokuqonda ezithintekayo kule modeli zingafaka phakathi izinsongo zokusongela okubi nokukhulisa kwesidingo esibonakalayo sobulili (isib. Ukuxazulula imizwa engemihle). Ngaphezu kwalokho, amamodeli wokulawula angenakuphikwa wokuziphatha okuyinkinga kusukela ekugembeni kwendalo nasekusetshenzisweni kwezidakamizwa aqaphela imicabango emibi yobukhulu bomvuzo, izikhathi zomvuzo, kanye nokubambezeleka komvuzo njengokushayela ngendlela yokuziphatha (ISharpe & Tarrier, ngo-1993; I-Witkiewitz neMarlatt, ngo-2004). Amamodeli wokulawula umfutho we-hypersexuality eyinkinga (isib, Raymond et al., 2003), ngakho-ke, kungahle futhi kusizakale ngokubheka iqhaza elidlalwa yimibono yokucabanga yokuzithiba nengozi yomuntu siqu (I-Logue, 1988; IMischel neBaker, ngo-1975). Amamodeli wokulawulwa kwemizwelo we-hypersexuality (IBancroft neVukadinovic, 2004; IKingston & Firestone, ngo-2008) vumela ukuqonda okungahambi kahle, okufana nezinhlelo zokucabanga ezinemininingwane yezenzakalo ezikhuthaza ukuthinta imizwa (isib, UJoormann & Siemer, 2011). Ekugcineni, amamodeli wokulutha we-hypersexuality (Amakhadi, i-1983; I-Goodman, i-1997), lapho inkinga eyindida yomqondo imele ukusetshenziswa kabi okwandayo kokuziphatha kocansi okulawula imizwa engemihle, kungavumela ukucatshangelwa okuqondayo maqondana nemiphumela emihle noma emibi yocansi, izinkolelo ezingalungile mayelana nekhono lokwenza ucansi ukwenza imisebenzi yokulawula, noma imibono engeyiyo yomuntu ikhono lokulawula isimilo sakhe.
Ngenkathi izindlela zokwelapha zamanje zokusondela kwe-hypersexeness eziyinkinga zigxile ikakhulu ku-12-step (isib ,. Amakhadi, i-1983; I-Pincu, i-1989), umuthi (isb. IKafka & Prentky, 1992), nezindlela zokuziphatha (isib. IGold & Heffner, ngo-1998), izindlela ezimbalwa ezingeziwe ziveza ukubaluleka kokuqondisa ukuqonda okungahambi kahle ngendlela yokunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-hypersexual. Yize iziphakamiso zokwelashwa ezigxile engqondweni ziqhamuka ezifundweni zamacala nasekuqondisweni komtholampilo, kunezivivinyo ezilawulwa ngokungahleliwe, ziyahambelana neqhaza elibonakalayo lokuqonda okungalungile kumamodeli wekhompiyutha abukezwe ngenhla. Isibonelo, izifundo ezilandelwayo kanye nokuholwa ngokomtholampilo kokwelapha i-hypersexourse xoxa ngokwelashwa okubhekelelwa ngokweqile kwesidingo sobulili futhi kubukela phansi ikhono lomuntu lokulawula indlela yokuziphatha komuntu ocansini, kanye nokukhulisa amakhono okubhekana nawomuntu siqu nokubhekana nemizwa (isib. UMelusi, i-2010; Weiss, 2004). Lokhu kugxila ekunciphiseni lezi zinhlelo ezihlobene nobulili ezihlobene nobulili kubuye kuhambisane nezindlela zokwelashwa ezisunguliwe zobulili obuyinkinga ngaphandle kwe-hypersexourse (isb., Umbukiso, ubuntwana) (UMurphy nekhasi, 2008; I-Wincze, i-2000).
Njengocwaningo maqondana nohlobo nokuhlolwa kwe-hypersexeness enezinkingaI-Kafka, i-2010), ngaleyo ndlela bekhuthaza ukwanda kwezindlela zokwelashwa zalesi sifo, kuyadingeka ukubona zonke izinto ezingabakhona ekunakekelweni nasekuwelashweni kwalo, kubandakanya nendima engaba khona yokuqondisisa okungahambi kahle. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngokuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi, sisho leyo micabango eqinile noma emibi eyakheka kuyo yonke intuthuko futhi eveza isimo, izinkolelo, kanye nokulindelekile komuntu ngocansi, izimo zalo, izincazelo, kanye nemiphumela. Ngale ndlela, ukwakhiwa kwethu kuhlobene nencazelo kanye nendima yokuqonda okungaphatheki kahle kwezinye izinto ezikhathazayo ngempilo yengqondo, njengokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ukugembula kwe-pathological, nokucindezela okukhulu (isb. U-Beck et al., 1987). Le ncazelo yemibono eyiphutha ayifaki imicabango emnandi yocansi, izithombe, noma ukuthathwa komcabango. Amamodeli akhona we-hypersexeness esikhundleni salokho enza sengathi lezi zigameko njengezisusa zecala, esikhundleni senqubo yokuqonda egcina ubuqili obungamelana nezindlela zokwelashwa ezisuselwa engqondweni.
Ukuxhasana ngokobulili kungukukhathazeka okukhethekile kwabangqingili, abesilisa nabesifazane, kanye namanye ama-MSM anikezwe izinto eziyingqayizivele zengqondo ezithwala le nkinga phakathi kwaleli qembu, kubandakanya ukucindezeleka okuncane kunabo bonke ekuthuthukiseni (AmaParsons, iGrov, neGolub, 2012; I-Parsons et al., I-2008) kanye nobuhlobo phakathi kocansi oluyinkimbinkimbi kanye nengozi ye-HIV (Dodge et al., 2008; IGrov, iParsons, neBimbi, 2010). Ngaphezu kokubhekana nezinkinga ezingenakuphikisana nobulili obucatshangelwayo ngokuqhathaniswa namadoda angqingili (IBaum & Fishman, 1994; UMissildine, uFeldstein, uPunzalan, noParsons, 2005), amadoda abesilisa nabesifazane abesilisa nabesilisa nabesifazane abesilisa nabesilisa nabesifazane abesilisa nabesifazane abesilisa ababhekene nezilinganiso eziphakeme zezinye izici ezikhonjiswe ukuthi zihlotshaniswa kokubili ngokobulili nezinqubo zokucabangela ezingathandeki, okubandakanya ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi kwabantwana (I-Purcell et al., I-2007) nokucindezeleka okuhlobene nokubandlululwa komphakathi nokucwasa (I-Muench & Parsons, 2004; I-Pincu, i-1989). Lezi zinkinga zihlanganisa nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo, njengokuxilongwa kobulili obuyinkimbinkimbi, ukwakha iqoqo lezinkinga, noma ukuhlukunyezwa, okufanayo okwethusa impilo yaleli qembu labantu ngabanye (I-Parsons et al., I-2012; Stall et al., 2003). Ngakho-ke, ukuhlonza izingxenye zokwelashwa kwanoma iyiphi yalezi zingozi zezempilo kungakwazi ukuphazamisa ukudluliswa kwempilo kwezingozi ezihambisanayo ezibhekene namalungu walesi sabantu.
Ucwaningo Lwanamuhla
Ngokusekelwe kumcabango wokuthi ukuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi kuthatha indima enkulu ekugcinweni kwe-hypersexuality enenkinga, sifune ukudala isilinganiso esifanele sokufaka lokhu kwakhiwa futhi sihlola amandla ayo okubikezela okungazange kususwe ngaphambili, ukwahluka okuhlukile ekuqhathaniseni ngokweqile ngemuva kokulungiswa kukhiye izixhumanisi ze-hypersexuality ezikhonjwe ocwaningweni kuze kube manje. Lokhu kuphenya kokuqala kwendima yokuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nocansi ekubikezeleni inselelo enobunzima kumelela ucwaningo oluphezulu olunikezwe ukuthi kungenzeka ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngalesi simo zingahluleka ukubamba iqhaza elibalulekile lokuqonda mayelana nezocansi noma ngokungenakukhuthaza likhuthaze ukuqonda okulondolozayo hypersexuality (isib. inkolelo yokuthi umuntu akekho olawula isimilo sakhe). Ngokwakha isilinganiso sokuzwela ngokomqondo ngokomqondo wokuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi kanye nokuhlola amandla ayo okubikezela umehluko oyingqayizivele futhi ongachazwanga ebunzimeni obunenkinga, siyethemba ukuthi sizothuthukisa isithombe esiphelele kakhulu sale nkinga futhi sinikeze ithagethi yokwelapha inoveli ekhonjelwe ukuthi isebenze kwabaningi bezengqondo ukuphazamiseka kwempilo.
Izinhloso kanye nemidwebo yalolu cwaningo ibandakanya okulandelayo:
Injongo ye-1. Khiqiza izinto zokufakwa ngaphakathi kwesilinganiso sokuqonda okungahambi kahle ngocansi phakathi kwabesilisa abathandanayo nabesilisa abathandanayo.
Injongo ye-2. Sungula ukwakheka kwezinto, ukhombise okukhishwa ngaphansi, bese ukhomba ubudlelwane bokuhleleka phakathi kwezikhwanyana.
Injongo ye-3. Sungula ikhono lokuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi ukubikezela umehluko oyingqayizivele wokulungiswa kobunzima be-hypersexuality kwababikezeli ababalulekile abasungulwe ocwaningweni olwedlule. Sithole ukuthi ukucabanga okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi kungaqagela ubukhulu be-hypersexuality, njengoba kuchazwa yi- Incwadi Yokuhlola Nezibalo Zezinkinga Zengqondo (I-DSM-5) I-Workgroup ekhubazekile kobunikazi nobulili (I-American Psychiatric Association, i-2010), ukulungisa (1) izimpawu zokudangala nokukhathazeka, (2) impulsivity (USchwartz no-Abramowitz, 2003), (3) dysregulation ngokomzwelo, (4) izinkinga zokuvimbela ezocansi kanye nokukholisa (IBancroft neVukadinovic, 2004), kanye (5) nokuphoqelela kwezocansi (UKalichman noRompa, ngo-1995, 2001).
INDLELA
Ukuhlaziywa kwalesi sihloko kwenziwa kudatha evela ocwaningweni oluqhubekayo lwamadoda athandana ngokobulili kakhulu futhi nabesilisa abakhonjwe ubulili eNew York City bagxile ezindabeni ze-hypersexuality. Inhloso yokuqala yocwaningo bekuwukubhalisa abesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abathandanayo maqondana nokuziphatha kwezocansi kepha abehluka ngezinga lokuthi imicabango yabo nokuziphatha kwabo kubangela izinkinga ezimpilweni zabo. Ukuhlaziya lo mbhalo kugxile eqenjini lokuqala labesilisa be-202 ababhaliswe kulo msebenzi.
Abahlanganyeli kanye nenqubo
Kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2011, saqala ukubhalisa ababambiqhaza sisebenzisa inhlanganisela yamasu wokuqasha: (1) isampula eliqhutshwa yisampula; (2) izikhangiso ezenzelwe i-inthanethi kumawebhusayithi wokuxhumana ngocansi; (3) ukuqhuma kwe-imeyili ngohlu lwezinhlangano zocansi zaseNew York City; kanye (4), ukuqashwa okusebenzayo ezindaweni zaseNew York City, njengamabha / izitabane nama-gay amaqembu ezitabane. Ababambiqhaza baqoqiwe ku-inthanethi noma ezindaweni ezisebenzayo zokuqashwa kwasendaweni babonwa kuqala besebenzisa inhlolovo emfushane noma nge-inthanethi indawo ye-Qualtrics (www.qualtrics.com) noma inhlolovo ephathekayo nge-iPod Touch, ngokulandelana. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwesibalo kwangaphambili kwabalingani bezocansi ngokungeziwe kokuhlukahluka okuhlobene nezinye izifundo ebesibahlola. Bonke ababambiqhaza bagcwalise ingxoxo efingqiwe, esekelwe ocingweni yokuqinisekisa ukufaneleka, okwachazwa ngokuthi: (1) okungenani iminyaka engu-18; (2) ngowesilisa ngokomzimba futhi azibonakalise njengowesilisa; (3) ubuncane babalingani besilisa abayisishiyagalolunye abahlukene ezinsukwini ezingama-90 zangaphambilini, okungenani okungenani ezinsukwini ezimbili ze-30; (4) ukuzikhonjwa njengobungqingili, ubungqingili, noma obunye ubunikazi obungebona abobulili obuhlukile (isib, ulayini); kanye (5) nokufinyelela nsuku zonke ku-inthanethi ukuze kuqedwe ukuhlolwa okusekwe ku-inthanethi (ie, izinhlolovo zekhaya, idayari yansuku zonke).
Ababambiqhaza abakhange bakhishwe kuphrojekthi uma bekhombisa ubufakazi bokulimala kwengqondo okubucayi noma okuphathelene nokusebenza kwengqondo okungaphazamisa ukubamba iqhaza kwabo noma ukunciphisa umkhawulo wabo wokuhlinzeka ngemvume enolwazi, njengoba kuboniswe ngumaka we-23 noma wehlise ku-Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) (UFolstein, uFolstein, noMcHugh, ngo-1975) noma ubufakazi bezimpawu ezisebenzayo nezingalawulwa ezenzakalweni zengqondo noma izingxenye zokuzibulala kwe-Structured Clinical Interview ye-DSM-IV-IR (SCID) (Okokuqala, Spitzer, Gibbon, & Williams, 2002).
Sisebenze kakhulu kwezocansi njengoba okungenani saba nabalingani abayisishiyagalolunye bocansi ezinsukwini ze-90 ngaphambi kokubhaliswa, okungenani okungenani laba babambisenezinsuku ezinsukwini ze-30 zangaphambilini. Lokhu kususwa bekuncike ocwaningweni lwangaphambilini (UGrov et al., 2010; AmaParsons, iBimbi, neHalkitis, 2001; I-Parsons et al., I-2008), kufaka phakathi isampula esekwe kumathuba ye-MSM yasemadolobheni (Stall et al., 2002, 2003) okutholakele ukuthi abalingani be-9 bebengaphezu kwe-2-3 izikhathi eziphakathi kwesibalo sabalingani bezothando phakathi kwabesilisa abathandanayo abesilisa nabesilisa abathandanayo. Ngenhloso yalolu cwaningo, abalingani bezocansi babechazwa njengokuxhumana nanoma yimuphi umlingani wesilisa lowo owabandakanyeka naye ocansini owayenamandla okuholela ku-orgasm, eyayihlanganisa, kepha yayingagcini lapho, ekwamukeleni / ekulaliseni i-anal sex, ukwamukela / ukuhlangana okungafanele komlomo, ukuthola noma ukwenza ukushukumisa kwe-anal ngesandla noma ngomlomo, kanye nokushaya indlwabu. Zonke izindlela zokuqinisekisa ukuqinisekiswa kokuqokwa ngokwesisekelo, kwaqinisekiswa izindlela zokuya ocansini kusetshenziswa umfuziselo wokulandela umugqa wesikhathi lapho kusetshenziswa ikhalenda lokukhumbula indlela yokuziphatha komuntu nsuku zonke kwezocansi (USobell noSobell, 1992).
Ukubamba iqhaza ocwaningweni kwakuhilela ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya (kwe-inthanethi) kanye nasehhovisi. Ngemuva kokuthi ilunga labasebenzi bocwaningo liqinisekise ukuthi ababambiqhaza bayafaneleka ngocingo, ababambiqhaza bathunyelwe isixhumanisi sokuqedela inhlolovo esekwe-inthanethi ekhaya ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwabo okokuqala ehhovisi okwathatha cishe ihora elilodwa ukuphothula. Imvume yokuqala enolwazi yokuqedela inhlolovo yasekhaya yatholakala njengengxenye yocwaningo lwe-inthanethi. Ababambiqhaza babe sebephothula uchungechunge lokuqokwa kwezisekelo ezimbili endaweni yokucwaninga futhi banikeze imvume enolwazi yokubamba iqhaza kwabo ngokuphelele kuphrojekthi yonyaka ekuqaleni kokuqokwa kwabo kobuso nobuso. Zonke izinqubo zabuyekezwa futhi zavunywa yi-Institutional Review Board yeCity University of New York. Le ndatshana igxila kuphela kusisekelo sedatha yocwaningo lwasekhaya ukuhlola izakhiwo zengqondo zethuluzi elisanda kwenziwa elenzelwe ukukala ukuqondisisa okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi.
Izindlela
Ukuqondisisa okungahambi kahle mayelana ne-sex Scale
Ngaphambi kokuthuthuka kweMaladaptive Cognitions mayelana ne-Sex Scale (i-MCAS) ukuze isetshenziswe esifundweni samanje, kwenziwa ucwaningo lokushayela izindiza, oluqukethe izingxoxo ezifanele namadoda we-60. Izingxoxo ebezifanele zona bezibhalwa ngamagama agobayo. Ngaphezu kokuhlola izici ezijwayelekile zokuya ocansini kwabahlanganyeli, indlela yokuziphatha kwezocansi, kanye nomongo wokuziphatha komuntu ngokobulili, ingxoxo nayo iqukethe imibuzo ethile ephathelene nokuqukethwe kwemicabango ejwayelekile yalabo ababambe iqhaza ngaphambi nangemva kocansi. Umbhali wokuqala wafunda ukubhala ngakunye ukuze athuthukise ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu zokuqonda nezokuziphatha ukuthi abahlanganyeli ababhekana ne-hypersexuality babike njengezinkinga. Ngenxa yale nqubo, umbhali wokuqala waqamba uhlu lwangaphambilini lokuqonda okungalungile okwabonakala kuhlobene ne-hypersexuality.
Sibe sesisebenzisa lokhu kuqonda okungalungile kanye nendlela yokufaka ohlwini yamahhala yokukhiqiza izinto ezilinganiselwe okuhlolwe ukuthi abantu bahlangabezana kanjani nokuqonda okungafani nalokhu. Sibonisane nabadokotela bezengqondo nabezenhlalo abangochwepheshe endaweni yokuziphatha kokuya ocansini kanye nobungozi kwezocansi phakathi kwabesilisa abathandana nabesilisa nabesilisa abakhethekile abanikeze impendulo ngokuqukethwe kwezinto futhi baphakamisa ukuthi kubuyekezwe.
Njengomphumela wale nqubo emangazayo, sithuthukise izizinda ezintathu jikelele zemibono engalungile esiyathemba ukuyithatha: (1) ukukhulisa isidingo sokwenza ucansi (okungukuthi, isihlokwana se-Magnified Nentiality,, (2) sokukhipha izinzuzo zocansi (okungukuthi, ukungafaneleki Ama-subscale wezinzuzo), kanye (3) anciphisa ukusebenza komuntu ngokulawula imicabango yokuziphatha kanye nokuziphatha (okusho ukuthi, Ukuncitshiswa Kokusebenza Kokusebenza Kancane). Sithuthukise inani lezinto ze-17: izinto eziyisikhombisa eziphathelene nokukhulisa ukubaluleka kocansi (isib., "Ngidinga ucansi ukuzizwa kahle ngendlela engibukeka ngayo"), izinto eziyisikhombisa eziphathelene nokukhipha izinzuzo zocansi (isib. ukulimala kakhulu kunokuhle ”), nezinto ezintathu eziphathelene nokunciphisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwezocansi (isib.," Ukucabanga nje ngocansi kuvame ukuholela kimi ekufuneni lokho "). Ukuqondwa okufakwe esikalini kungenzeka kube okungahambi kahle kuze kube lapho imodi yokucabanga evamile ngocansi. Kanjalo, sisebenzise izinketho zezimpendulo ezikhuphuke ngamandla kusuka ku-1 (Ungalokothi) ku-5 (Sonke isikhathi) ukuthola ubukhulu bokuthi imicabango ibiya ngokuya ihlukaniswa ngendlela engafani nhlobo noma engasho lutho evamile yemicabango engalunganga.
Zonke izindlela zokulinganisa ezisetshenziselwe lokhu kuhlaziya zaqedwa njengengxenye yocwaningo lwasekhaya. Ngemuva kokuhlinzeka ngemvume yokuqhubeka nenhlolovo, ababambiqhaza baqeda ukukhuthazeka kwezocansi kanye nezinyathelo zokusebenzisa ubuhlakani kanye nemibuzo yemininingwane yabantu, balandelwa yilezi zinyathelo ezingeziwe. Zonke izinyathelo zahlanganiswa zaba amabhlokhi anengqondo (isb. Inhlamba, ubulili, impilo yengqondo) kanye nokulandelana kwamabhulokhi ngaphakathi kocwaningo kanye nezinyathelo ezikhona emabhulokini zombili zenziwa nge-imeyili ngendlela efanayo ukuze kusatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo imiphumela yoku-oda engahle ivele ngokuma kwesigaba nokuphawula.
Izibalo zabantu
Abahlanganyeli bacelwe ukuthi babike izici ezimbalwa zobuntu, kufaka phakathi iminyaka yobudala, ubuhlanga / ubuzwe, ukuthambekela kwezocansi, isizinda semfundo, isimo sobudlelwano, kanye nesimo se-HIV. Ngaphandle kobudala, obekuhlolwa kusetshenziswa ifomethi yokuphendula ngokukhululeka, izici zobuningi bazo zahlolwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuphendula ezichaziwe futhi, lapho kunesidingo, zahlulwa ngezigaba ezinengqondo (Ithebula 1).
Ithebula 1
Izici Zobuningi Besampula
| eliguqukayo | n | % |
|---|---|---|
| Ubuhlanga / Ubuhlanga | ||
| Black | 33 | 16.3 |
| Latino | 30 | 14.9 |
| White | 114 | 56.4 |
| I-Asian / Native Haw./Pac. Isiqhingi | 4 | 2.0 |
| Ukuhlukahluka Kwezinhlanga / Okunye | 16 | 7.9 |
| Okunye / Akwaziwa | 5 | 2.5 |
| Isimo se-HIV | ||
| Negative | 121 | 59.9 |
| Positive | 81 | 40.1 |
| Ukwabelana ngocansi | ||
| Isitabane, queer, noma isitabane | 172 | 85.6 |
| ngithanda abesilisa nabesifazane | 24 | 11.9 |
| Okunye okungafani nobulili obuhlukile | 6 | 2.5 |
| Isimo Sokuqashwa | ||
| Isikhathi esigcwele | 70 | 34.7 |
| Okwesikhashana | 50 | 24.8 |
| Ngokukhubazeka | 23 | 11.4 |
| Isitshudeni (esingasebenzi) | 18 | 8.9 |
| Ayisebenzi | 41 | 20.3 |
| Ukutholwa Kwemfundo Ephakeme Kakhulu | ||
| Idiploma yesikole samabanga aphezulu / i-GED noma ngaphansi | 23 | 11.4 |
| Ezinye iziqu zasekolishi noma izihlobo | 61 | 30.2 |
| I-Bachelor's noma enye i-4-degree degree | 66 | 32.7 |
| Graduate degree | 52 | 25.7 |
| Isimo sobudlelwane | ||
| Single | 159 | 78.7 |
| Ihlanganyelwe | 43 | 21.3 |
| M | SD | |
| Iminyaka (eminyakeni) | 37.03 | 11.35 |
I-Hypersexuality enobunzima
Ababambiqhaza bagcwalise i-Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory (HDSI), ithuluzi elihlongozwe yi- I-American Psychiatric Association's I-DSM-5 I-Workgroup kwi-Sexual and Gender Identity Disriers (2010). Isilinganiso siqukethe ingqikithi yezinto eziyisikhombisa ezihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili (izigaba A no-B) zokulinganisa zokuhlangana ezihlangabezane nezinyanga eziyisithupha ezedlule. Isigaba A sasiqukethe izinto ezinhlanu ezilinganisa imicabango yansuku zonke nemicabango ejulile, isib, "Ezinyangeni ezedlule ze-6, ngisebenzise imibono yocansi nokuziphatha kocansi ukubhekana nemizwa enzima, ngokwesibonelo, ukukhathazeka, ukudabuka, isithukuthezi, ukukhungatheka, umuzwa wecala, noma ihlazo ”) neSigaba B bekuqukethe izinto ezimbili ezilinganisa usizi nokulimazeka ngenxa yale micabango, izifiso, nokuziphatha (isib., phakathi nezinyanga ze-6 ezedlule, imicabango kanye nokuziphatha okucishe kube khona kwezocansi, izifiso nokuziphatha kudale izinkinga kimi emuntwini, kwezenhlalo, emsebenzini, noma kwezinye izinto ezibalulekile empilweni yami ”). Izimpendulo zathola amaphuzu kusuka ku-0 (Akukaze kube iqiniso) ku-4 (Cishe njalo kuyiqiniso), ebizelwe ukucacisa ukunikela ngamaphuzu wobunzima obusukela ku-0 kuya ku-28. Izinto zikhombise ubufakazi bokuqina okuqinile kwangaphakathi kulesoampula (α = 0.90). Kuhlongozwe izindlela zokuxilonga zePolythetic ezidinga impendulo yokubuyisa kabusha kuma-dichotomies lapho amanani we-3 noma i-4 wee ebhalwe njenge-1 kanye nabo bonke abanye babefakwe amakhodi njenge-0. Ngemuva kokuphinda kusetshenzwe kabusha, ukuhlolwa okuhle kwe-hypersexuality kwasebenza njengobukhona be-4 okungenani ye-5 ebalulekile ebekiwe okuguquguqukayo eSigabeni A futhi okungenani i-1 ye-2 kusigaba B. Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini luthole ukuthi isikali kanye nokususwa kwalo kunokwethenjwa okuqinile (I-Parsons et al., I-2013).
Ukuvinjwa Kwezocansi kanye nokuzijabulisa
Ababambiqhaza bagcwalise amafushane, i-14-nto yento yesikali se-Inhibition yezocansi kanye nezici zocansi (IBancroft, uGraham, iJanssen, neSanders, ngo-2009; IBancroft neJanssen, 2000), elinganisa izinqubo ezimbili ezinikezwe ukuthi zibhekane nokuphendula kocansi (ie, ukucashunwa nokuvinjwa). Isilinganiso sasiqukethe izinto eziyisithupha ezihlola ukuvuselelwa okuvela ezimweni zenhlalo (isb., "Lapho umfokazi oheha ubulili angithinta ngephutha, ngivuswa kalula"), izinto ezine ezihlolile ukuvimbela okuvela ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokungakwazi ukwenza ucansi (isib. "Uma nginomcabango ophazamisayo, ngiphelelwa wumqondo wami kalula"), nezinto ezine ezihlolile ukuvimbela okuvela emiphumeleni emibi yokuphola (isb., "Uma ngiziphulula ngedwa futhi ngibona ukuthi umuntu othile uzofika. egumbini lokuphumula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngizolahlekelwa ukwakheka kwami ”). Izinketho zokuphendula zivela ku-1 (Ngiphikisana kakhulu) ku-4 (Vuma Ngamandla). Ngenhloso yokuhlaziya kwethu, izimpendulo zezinto ezivela kulokho okukhokhelwayo zivinjelwe ukwakheka inkomba eyodwa yokucashunwa kanye nemininingwane emibili yokuvinjwa (okusho, "Inhibition Engokobulili I" ehambelana nokukhathazeka ngokungakwazi ukwenza ucansi kanye "Nokunqanda Ubulili II" okuhambelana nokuvinjwa okubangelwa okuhlangenwe nakho okungalungile). Ukuvumelana okungaphakathi kwalezi zinto ezingaphansi ezintathu ezisukela ku-0.70 kuya ku-0.81.
Ukungaziphathi kahle
Ababambiqhaza baqede i-30-nto Barratt Impulsiveness Scale version 11 (BIS-11) (UPatton, uStanford, noBarratt, ngo-1995). Isikali siqukethe izinto ezilinganisa izinhlobo eziyisithupha zokuxhamazela okufika kuzizinda ezintathu ezijwayelekile: ukugxila kokubhekisisa (isb., "Nginemicabango yokujaha"), ukuhamba ngezimoto (isb., "Ngisebenzisa noma ngikhokhisa ngaphezulu kwalokho engikuholayo"), futhi okungekhona -planning impulsiveness (isib, "Nginentshisekelo kakhulu kulokhu kunasesikhathini esizayo"). Izinketho zokuphendula zivela ku-1 (Akuvamile / angikaze) ku-4 (Cishe njalo / Njalo) ezazifingqwe ngaphesheya kwezinto ukuthola inani eliphelele lokuxoshwa okungasukela ku-30 kuya ku-120. Ukuvumelana kwangaphakathi kwalesi silinganiso bekukuhle (α = 0.84).
Ubunzima nge-Emotion Regulation
Ababambiqhaza baqedele Ubunzima bezinto ze-36 nge-Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) (Gratz & Roemer, 2004) elinganisa izinkinga ezijwayelekile ezilawula imizwa kanye nezizinda eziyisithupha zobunzima ngokulawulwa kwemizwa. Abahlanganyeli baphendule esikalini kusuka ku-1 (Cishe awukaze [0-10%]) ku-5 (Cishe njalo [91-100%]) entweni ngayinye futhi, ngezinhloso zale ndatshana, sisebenzise isilinganiselo esigcwele, sibalwa njengokuphendula okunamandla ezintweni ze-36. Ukuqina kwangaphakathi kwalesi silinganiso bekuqinile (α = 0.94)
Ukukhathazeka Nokuxineka
Ababambiqhaza bagcwalise okuxhaswe yi-12-nto Anxiety and Depression of the Brief Sy Symbom Inventory (BSI) (I-Derogatis, i-1975), equkethe inani lezinto ze-53 kanye nobukhulu bezimpawu eziyisishiyagalolunye. Ngayinye yezikhwama ezimbili ezinokuqukethwe iqukethe izinto eziyisithupha okuhloswe ngazo ukukala izimpawu zokudangala (isib., "Ukuzizwa ungenathemba ngekusasa") noma ukukhathazeka (isib, "Ukuzizwa ungenathemba awukwazi ukuhlala kahle") ngesonto elandulele. Izinketho zezimpendulo ezivela ku-0 (Lutho neze) ku-4 (Ngokudlulele). Isikolo ngasinye esikhokhelwayo sabalwa ngokufingqa izinto eziyisithupha kanti nezibalo zazo zombili izixhaso zihlanganisiwe ukuze kwakhiwe isibalo sobuphawu obuhlobene kakhulu nemood kanye nokukhathazeka. Lezi zinto ezingaphansi ezimbili zahlanganiswa zaba yinkomba eyodwa enokuqina okungaphakathi kwangaphakathi (α = 0.93).
Ukuphoqelela Ubulili
Ababambiqhaza bagcwalise i-Sexual Compulsivity Scale (SCS) (Kalichman et al., 1994; UKalichman noRompa, ngo-2001). I-SCS yisilinganiso esisetshenziswa kakhulu sokuziphatha okucindezelayo ngokocansi, ukuthakazelela ucansi, kanye nemicabango yokungena kwezocansi nabantu besilisa nabesilisa abathandanayo (Hook, Hook, Davis, Worthington, & Penberthy, 2010). Siqukethe izinto ze-10 (isib., "Izifiso zami zokuya ocansini ziphazamise impilo yami yansuku zonke") ezikalwe ngesikali sohlobo lwe-Likert kusuka ku-1 (hhayi neze njengami) ku-4 (kakhulu njengami). Izimpendulo entweni ngayinye zazifingqiwe ukuze zithole amaphuzu aphelele (ibanga 10-40). I-SCS ikhonjiswe ukuthi inokuthenjwa okuphezulu nokuba semthethweni kwezifundo eziningi. Lesi silinganiso sinokuqina okuqinile kwangaphakathi (α = 0.89).
Uhlelo Lokuhlaziya
Siqale ngokuhlola ukuthi ngabe imixhaso emithathu esiyitholile ekufundeni kwethu imibhalo nempendulo yochwepheshe – i-Magnified Nentiality, Disqualified Benefits, ne-Minimized Self-Efficacy – ibimelela ngokunembile ukwakheka kwesikali se-MCAS. Siphinde safuna ukuvivinya ukuthi ngabe izinkokhelo zeMagnified Nentiality and Disqualified Benefits zazixhunyanisiwe yini. Sisebenzisa i-Mplus Version 6.12, silinganisa imodeli yokuqinisekisa yesici (i-CFA) kwimininingwane enezinto ezi-1-7 ezilayishwa kwisibambiso se-Magnified Nentiality, Izinto eziyi-8-14 ku-Disqualified Benefits subscale, nezinto eziyi-15-17 ku-Minimized Self- Isisekelo sokusebenza. Ngaphakathi kweCFA, sihlole izinkomba ezijwayelekile zokulingana kwemodeli (Amtmann et al., 2010, 2012; I-Bentler, i-1990; UHu & Bentler, 1999; I-Kline, i-2010; Reise & Haviland, 2005; ENtshonalanga, Finch, naseCurran, 1995), okubandakanya inkomba yokuqhathanisa efanelekayo (i-CFI) enkulu kune-0.95, iphutha lesikwele lokulinganisa (i-RMSEA) elingaphansi kwe-0.06, inkomba ye-Tucker Lewis (TLI) enkulu kune-0.95, kanye nezimpande ezimile zisho ukuthi izinsalela zesikwele (SRMR) ezingaphansi kwe-0.08. Siphinde sahlola ama-indices wokuguqulwa ukuze sithole izinto ezingase zibe nokuhlangana okukhona nezinsalela zemfashini yemodeli.
Sisebenzisa izici ezalandela ze-CFA, sabe sesiphatha imodeli yezokulinganisa (i-SEM) eyasivumela ukuthi sihlole ubudlelwane besakhiwo phakathi kwezikhwanyana ezintathu ngokungeziwe ebudlelwaneni babo nokubukisisa okwenzelwe ukuqina komqondo. Sihlole imodeli lapho okuxhaswe khona iMagnified Nentiality and Disqualified Benefits. Siphinde sabhalisa into esetshenziselwe ukwenza izinto ngokwayo ukuthi isebenze kalula ezintweni ezibalulekile zeNzuzoity and Disqualified (okusho ukuthi, sahlola ukuthi ngabe lezi zinto ezingaphansi ezimbili zabikezela yini ukukhokhelwa okuncishisiwe kwe-Minimised Self-ufanisi). Siphinde sabhala ukuhlukahluka kokuhlolwa kwe-hypersexourse kufinyelela kuyo yonke le mikhakha emithathu ye-MCAS (okusho ukuthi, sihlole ukuthi okuyi-subscales emithathu okucatshangelwe ukuthi kuhlakaniphile kubonwe yini ukuthi yi-hypersexourse) futhi sahlola yini imiphumela eqondile nengaqondile yomthelela I-Magnified Nidingoity and Disqualified Izinzuzo ezikhokhela ekuhlolweni kwe-hypersexourse (ie, sihlole ukuthi ngabe ithonya lalezi zinto ezingaphansi kwezingcosana ekuhlolweni kwe-hypersexuality lalihlukaniswa ngokwengxenye ngobuhlobo babo ne-Minimised Self-ufanisi.
Sibe sesiqhuba uchungechunge lokuhlaziya okwenziwa ngaphandle kohlaka lokumodela lwakamuva besebenzisa inguqulo ye-SPSS 20. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni ye-CFA, sibala izikolo ezi-subscale njengempendulo esezingeni lazo zonke izinto ezingaphansi kokukhokhelwa. Sisebenzise coefficients yokuhlobanisa kaPearson kanye nokuhlaziywa kokwehluka (i-ANOVA) ukuhlola ubudlelwane phakathi kwezikolo zokukhishwa kwe-MCAS nezimpawu zokubala. Sibe sesibheka ukuhlobana kwezinhlangano ezingamakhasimende ezi-subscales ezintathu nezinye eziboniswa ngokwengqondo noma ezibonisa amandla ngokwengqondo (ie, izaba zokuya ocansini, inhibition yezocansi, ukufakwa kwezandla, ukudonswa kwemizwelo, ukudangala / ukukhathazeka, kanye nokuphoqelela ezocansi) sisebenzisa ama-coefficients we-Pearson. Ekugcineni, sisebenzise ukucabanga okubonakalayo kokuhlola ukusetshenziswa kokuqagela kwezimpawu zokukhishwa kwe-MCAS emiphumeleni yokuhlaziywa kwe-hypersexight imiphumela yokulungiswa kwethonya labanye ababikezeli bezengqondo nesimo esishiwo ngesimo se-HIV, okukhombisa ukuguquguquka okwethusayo ngesilinganiso sabakhethi abahlobene ne-hypersexuality ( isib, UGrov et al., 2010; I-Parsons et al., I-2012, 2013).
IZIPHUMA
Njengoba kungabonakala ku Ithebula 1, isampula lalihluke kakhulu mayelana nobudala, ubuhlanga / ubuzwe, isimo se-HIV, kanye nokuqashwa. Iningi lesampula lalinemfundo okungenani ethile yasekolishi noma ye-post-secondary futhi iningi lamadoda lalingashadile ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwabo kokuqala. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi asizange sizame ukwengezelela noma yiziphi izici ezithile zobunikazi, isampula yethu yayihluke kakhulu kunesibalo sabantu be-MSM maqondana nezinto eziningi, ikakhulukazi isimo se-HIV (USmith et al., 2010).
I-Factor Ihlaziya Ukuqondisisa kweMaladaptive mayelana ne-Sex Scale
Imiphumela ye-CFA ikhonjisiwe ku Ithebula 2. Siqhube ukuhlaziya kokuqala nazo zonke izinto sabe sesikwenza ukuguqulwa kabusha kwesilinganiso kususelwa kunhlaka yemodeli nama-indices wokuguqulwa ukuze kususwe izinkinga zengqondo njengokuncika kwendawo (okusho, ukuhlangana okukhona phakathi kwezinto) nokungena ngemvume ezintweni eziningi. Yize lezi zinkinga zingaxazululwa kalula ngezibalo zisebenzisa okuguquguqukayo kwezibalo, ziveza ubunzima lapho zizama ukusebenzisa imodeli engeyona eyemuva efana nokubuyiselwa komugqa okulula okulinganiselwe nezikolo ezibaliwe zangaphansi ezisuselwe ekuphenduleni kwento ethile esikhundleni semiphumela yokuhlaziya. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinqumo zenziwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe isikali esingasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kohlaka lokulinganisa lwasendulo.
Ithebula 2
Izindlela zokuqala nezokugcina zokuqinisekisa ama-Factor Factor we-Three MCAS Subscales
| Into | Imalimboleko Yokuqala | Ukulayishwa Kwe-Factor Finalor | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-Unstd. | SE | ISt. | SE | I-Unstd. | SE | ISt. | SE | |
| Isidingo Esikhulisiwe | ||||||||
| I-1. Ngidinga ucansi ukuze ngilale kangcono | 1.00 | a | 0.76 | 0.04 | c | c | c | c |
| I-2. Ngidinga ucansi ukuze ungithobise lapho ngicindezelekile | 1.01 | 0.09 | 0.80 | 0.03 | 1.00 | a | 0.75 | 0.04 |
| I-3. Ngidinga ukuya ocansini ukusiza ukubhekana nokuxineka | 0.87 | 0.09 | 0.71 | 0.04 | 0.92 | 0.10 | 0.70 | 0.04 |
| I-4. Ngidinga ukuya ocansini ukuze ngizwe kahle ngendlela engibukeka ngayo | 0.82 | 0.10 | 0.61 | 0.05 | c | c | c | c |
| I-5. Ngidinga ucansi ukuze ungisize ngigxile | 0.90 | 0.09 | 0.72 | 0.04 | 0.95 | 0.10 | 0.71 | 0.04 |
| I-6. Ngidinga ucansi ukuze ngijule ukuxhumana kwami nabanye | 0.84 | 0.11 | 0.59 | 0.05 | 0.90 | 0.11 | 0.60 | 0.05 |
| I-7. Ngidinga ucansi ukuze ngiphumule | 0.86 | 0.09 | 0.72 | 0.04 | 0.96 | 0.10 | 0.76 | 0.04 |
| Ukuhluka Okulinganiselwe Kwesici | 0.84 | 0.14 | b | b | 0.75 | 0.13 | b | b |
| Izinzuzo ezingafanele | ||||||||
| I-8. Akufanele ngidinge ukushaya indlwabu | 1.00 | a | 0.44 | 0.06 | c | c | c | c |
| I-9. Ucansi kuwukuchitha isikhathi | 1.27 | 0.22 | 0.72 | 0.04 | 1.00 | a | 0.78 | 0.04 |
| I-10. Ucansi luholela ekulimaleni okuningi kunokuhle | 1.56 | 0.25 | 0.86 | 0.03 | 1.07 | 0.11 | 0.82 | 0.04 |
| I-11. Ucansi alufanele umzamo | 1.34 | 0.23 | 0.73 | 0.04 | 0.99 | 0.10 | 0.75 | 0.04 |
| I-12. Ucansi luholela enkingeni | 1.23 | 0.21 | 0.72 | 0.04 | c | c | c | c |
| I-13. Uma bengingaphuza iphilisi ukwehlisa i-sex drive yami, nginga | 1.02 | 0.21 | 0.48 | 0.06 | c | c | c | c |
| I-14. Ucansi luyinto edlula abantu ababili basebenzisana ukufeza izidingo zabo | 0.84 | 0.19 | 0.41 | 0.06 | c | c | c | c |
| Ukuhluka Okulinganiselwe Kwesici | 0.30 | 0.10 | b | b | 0.57 | 0.10 | b | b |
| Ukusebenza Kanciphile | ||||||||
| I-15. Lapho kufika isithombe sezocansi noma inganono emcabangweni wami, ngiba nesikhathi esinzima sokusiyeka | 1.00 | a | 0.87 | 0.02 | 1.00 | a | 0.87 | 0.02 |
| I-16. Lapho ngiqala ukucabanga ngocansi, ngiba nesikhathi esinzima sokuyeka | 1.10 | 0.06 | 0.93 | 0.02 | 1.10 | 0.06 | 0.94 | 0.02 |
| I-17. Ukucabanga nje ngocansi kuvame ukungiyisa ekufuneni | 0.89 | 0.06 | 0.79 | 0.03 | 0.89 | 0.06 | 0.79 | 0.03 |
| Ukuhluka Okulinganiselwe Kwesici | 0.83 | 0.11 | b | b | 0.84 | 0.11 | b | b |
| Izilinganiso ezihlanganisiwe | Izilinganiso ezihlanganisiwe | |||||||
| Ukubaluleka Kokukhuliswa Ngokusebenza Okunciphisiwe | 0.44 | 0.08 | 0.52 | 0.06 | 0.45 | 0.08 | 0.57 | 0.06 |
| Izinzuzo Ezingafanelekile Ngokusebenza Okuncishisiwe | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.26 | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.17 | 0.07 |
| Ukulinganisa Kwamamodeli | Ukulinganisa Kwamamodeli | |||||||
| I-CFI / TLI | 0.90/0.88 | 0.98/0.97 | ||||||
| I-AIC / Adj. I-BIC | 9067.68/9075.10 | 5714.57/5719.47 | ||||||
| Imodeli χ2 (df) | I-278.49 (117), p <.001 | I-66.48 (42), p <.01 | ||||||
| I-RMSEA, 95% CI | I-0.08 [0.07, 0.10] | I-0.05 [0.03, 0.08] | ||||||
| I-SMSR | 0.10 | 0.05 | ||||||
Inothi. I-Unstd. = Akuzwakali. SE = Iphutha elijwayelekile. ISt. = Kufane.
Ikholomu yokulayisha isici sokuqala in Ithebula 2 ibonisa yomibili imiphumela engacwasiwe futhi eyenziwe yalengqondo ye-CFA nazo zonke izinto ze-17 ezifakiwe ezintweni zazo. Njengoba kungabonakala ngaphakathi Ithebula 2, imodeli yokuqala yayingafanelani kahle nedatha-i-CFI ne-TLI zombili zazingaphansi kwe-0.95 futhi i-RMSEA yayingaphezulu kwe-0.06. Kwakunemithombo eminingana yokushona kabi imodeli yoqobo. Izinto i-8, i-13, kanye ne-14 zilayishwe kabi kwi-Disqualified Benefits subscale ezihlobene nezinye izinto futhi ngaleyo ndlela zisuswe kuma-itrisation esikhathi esizayo. Into 1 isuswe ngenxa yokuxhunyaniswa okukhulu okusele nge-Item 2 kwathi into ye-4 isusiwe ngenxa yokuhlangana okusalayo nezinye izinto ezimbalwa ku-Magnified Nentiality subscale. Ukuba khona kokuxhunyaniswa kwezinsalela kusikisela ukuthi, ngaphezu kwesici senzalo, izinto zabiwe enye ukwakhiwa okungahlaziywa okufana nomphumela wokugcinwa kwemali okungacaciswanga yimodeli engathandi ukusetshenziswa okungahambisani nesilinganiso okungathathi covariation ku-akhawunti. Into 12 isuswe ngenxa yokulayishwa kokungena kwi-Minimised Self-Efficacy subscale kanye nokuhlobana okusalayo okunezinto ezimbalwa kulokho kukhokhelwa.
Imodeli yokugcina ye-CFA yathuthukisa kakhulu ukulingana, nazo zonke izinkomba ngaphandle kwesibalo sokuhlolwa kwe-chi-mraba ekhombisa ukuqina kwedatha ngokususelwa embundwini osunguliwe. Isikhokhelo seMagnified Nfunekoity siqukethe Izinto 2, 3, 5, 6, kanye 7; okukhokhelwa okungaphansi kweNzuzo Engafanelekile equkethe Izinto 9-11; ukuthenga okuncishisiwe kwe-Minimised Self-ufanisi ukusebenza kuqukethe Izinto 15-17. Izici ezilandelwayo zaphinde zathuthukiswa ngokususwa kwezinto-ngokwesibonelo, ukungafani kweNzuzo Engafaneleki ngaphezulu kwalokho okuphindwe kabili. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ukuxhumeka kwesikhwama seMagnified Nentiality and Disqualified Benefits ngokuncishiswa okuncishisiwe kwe-Minimised Self-ufanisi akuzange kushintshe ngokwazisa phakathi kwezinhlobo zokuqala nezokugcina. Ukuntuleka kwe-hypothesised kokuxhumana phakathi kwe-Nfunekoity kanye nezinzuzo zezinzuzo zesekelwa ngemodeli. Lapho kuvunyelwa ukwahluka ngokukhululeka futhi kulinganiswe ngemodeli, ukuxhumanisa kwakulinganiselwa ukuthi kuyi-0.07, bekungabalulekile, futhi kubi ukulingana kwemodeli jikelele.
Ukufanisa Inhlangano Ephakathi kwama-MCAS Subscales ne-Hypersexourse
Njengoba sesiqinisekisile ukwakheka okulungele konke okubhalwe phansi ama-MCAS amathathu, sabe sesifuna ukuvivinya ubudlelwane besakhiwo phakathi kwabo nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-hypersexuality. Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwe-SEM ikhonjisiwe ku I-Fig. 1. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-SEM kuqinisekisile imodeli ecatshangwayo ye-hypersexourse engaguquki namamodeli wokuziphatha wokuzilawula okusebenzayo, njengoba kuchazwe Engxoxweni. Ukulungela imodeli kwakukuhle kakhulu, kuzo zonke izinkomba ezidlula umkhawulo wobuncane bezinto ezanele. Zombili izinxephezelo zeNzuzo ye-Magnified Nuffity and Disqualified Benefits zibe nemiphumela eqondile ebonakalayo ekuxhasweni okuncishisiwe kwe-Minimised Self-Efficacy, ziphakamisa ukuthi amazinga aphezulu kulezi zinto ezimbili ahlotshaniswa nokunciphisa ukusebenza komuntu ngocansi ngokweqile; imali ekhokhelwa i-Magnified Nfunekoity yayiqagela ngokuqine kakhulu nge-Minimised Self-Efficacy kune-subsidal Disits. Zonke lezi zinto ezincwadini ezintathu ezikhokhelwe zibikezela kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwe-hypersexuality futhi zachaza i-45% yokuhlukahluka emiphumeleni yokuhlola. Ithonya lezinzuzo ezi-Magnified Nentiality ne-Disqualified on screening positive for hypersexourse laxhunyaniswa ngokwengxenye yi-Minimised Self-ufanisi - womabili waba nemiphumela eqondile eqondile ngokusebenzisa i-Minimised Self-ufanisi. Konke, iMagnified Nfunekoity yayingumbikezeli oqinile wokuhlonza i-hypersexuality nomphumela ophelele we-0.55 uma uqhathaniswa ne-0.32 Yezinzuzo Zokuzihlukanisa kanye ne-0.26 ye-Minimised Self-ufanisi.
Isakhiwo Semodeli Yenhlangano Ephakathi Kwemibono Ebangelwa Maladaptive Mayelana Nocansi ne-hypersexourse eyinkinga.
Ama-coefficients abikwa ngendlela efomethiwe. I-Hypersexourse ifakiwe njenge-dichotomous, expression variable kanye ne-Probit regression nge-Weighted Least squares Estimation isetshenzisiwe. I-Covariance phakathi kweMagnified Nentiality ne-Disqualified Izinzuzo kusethelwe i-0 futhi umehluko walowo nalowo ukhinyiselwe kwi-1 ngaphakathi kwemiphumela ejwayelekile eyethulwe. *p ≤ .05; **p ≤ .01; ***p ≤ .001. I-Model Fit: Imodeli χ2 (df) = 51.60 (50), p = .41; I-CFI = 1.00; I-RMSEA = 0.01; I-RMSEA ≤ .05 = 0.97; WRMR = 0.53.
Ukwehlukahlukana Kwidemokhrasi ema-subcales e-MCAS
Kusetshenziswa i-ANOVA yendlela eyodwa enokuhluka okumbalwa okuphansi kukaFisher (ie, LSD) post-hoc, sithole umehluko omkhulu ezimpawini ku-Disqualified Benefits subscale ngesizinda sobuzwe / sobuzwe. Abesilisa abamnyama babenamazinga aphezulu ku-Disqualified Benefits subscale kuneLatino (p = .004), Okumhlophe (p = .02), namadoda anesizinda esingaziwa (p = .01); Amadoda weLatino ayenenqwaba ephansi kunamadoda wezinhlanga eziningi (p = .04) ngaphezu kwamadoda amnyama; abesilisa ababezizwe eziningi babenamazinga aphezulu kunamadoda angemuva elingaziwa (p = .03) ngaphezu kwamadoda weLatino. Akukho mehluko obalulekile wezinhlanga / wobuzwe obutholakele maqondana ne-Magnified Nentiality noma iMinimised Self-Efficance subscales futhi asizange sikhombe noma yimuphi umehluko ezinhlwini ezintathu ze-MCAS ngesimo se-HIV, ukuqashwa, ukutholwa kwezemfundo, noma isimo sobudlelwano.
I-Bivariate Association of the MCAS Subscales enezinto ezihambisanayo ezihambelana nalokhu
Sibe sesibheka ukuhlangana okuyisisekelo phakathi kwezikhwanyana ezintathu ze-MCAS nokunye ukuhlukahluka kwengqondo okuye kwahlongozwa ngokomqondo noma ngenhloso yokuthonya umthelela we-hypersexuality. Njengoba kungabonakala ngaphakathi Ithebula 3, sithole amaphethini afanayo ezinhlanganiso kuyo yonke imikhawulo emithathu, ngakunye nokuqhathaniswa okubalulekile nokuthembekile ngokuphoqelela, ukudonsa komoya, ukudangala / ukukhathazeka, kanye nokuphoqelelwa kwezocansi. Izikhwama ze-Magnified Nentiality kanye ne-Minimised Self-Efficacy zazixhunyaniswa kakhulu nangokuhle ocansini ngenkathi ukuxhaswa Kwezinzuzo Ezingafanele kwenziwe nocishe ube ngu-zero. Yonke le mikhakha emithathu ye-MCAS yayihlotshaniswa kakhulu nokubhalwe phansi kwe-Inhibition yezocansi ehambelana nokuvinjwa ngenxa yosongo lokwehluleka ukusebenza (okusho ukuthi, i-Sexual Inhibition I), ngenkathi okuyi-Disqualified Manual subscale kuphela eyayihlangene nokubhaliselwe kwe-Sexual Inhibition okuhlobene nokuvinjezelwa okuvela usongo lwemiphumela yokusebenza (ie, I-Sexual Inhibition II). Izinto eziningi eziguquguqukayo ngokwengqondo futhi zazinobudlelwano obuqinile nomunye.
Ithebula 3
I-Bivariate Correlations kanye Nezibalo ezichazayo ze-Hypersexual Disorder kanye ne-efanelekile Psychosocial Factors
| eliguqukayo | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-1. I-Hypersexual Disorder Screening | - | ||||||||||
| I-2. Ukuxakaniseka Ngocansi | 0.20** | - | |||||||||
| I-3. Izithiyo Zobulili I | 0.19** | 0.12 | - | ||||||||
| I-4. Ukuvinjwa Kocansi II | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.39*** | - | |||||||
| I-5. Impulsivity | 0.30*** | 0.10 | 0.18* | 0.08 | - | ||||||
| I-6. Dysregulation Engokomzwelo | 0.40*** | 0.14* | 0.26*** | 0.11 | 0.58*** | - | |||||
| I-7. Ukudangala nokukhathazeka | 0.43*** | 0.17* | 0.27*** | 0.13 | 0.43*** | 0.60*** | - | ||||
| I-8. Ukuphoqelela Ubulili | 0.50*** | 0.22*** | 0.11 | 0.03 | 0.42*** | 0.41*** | 0.34*** | - | |||
| 9. I-MCAS - Isidingo Esikhulisiwe | 0.36*** | 0.36*** | 0.15* | 0.03 | 0.31*** | 0.42*** | 0.43*** | 0.45*** | - | ||
| 10. I-MCAS - Izinzuzo Ezingafanelekile | 0.22** | -0.02 | 0.14* | 0.18* | 0.23*** | 0.18** | 0.21** | 0.16* | 0.06 | - | |
| 11. I-MCAS - Ukuzikhandla Okuncishisiwe | 0.39*** | 0.51*** | 0.19** | 0.13 | 0.34*** | 0.43*** | 0.42*** | 0.56*** | 0.51*** | 0.16* | - |
| % noma Ma | 20.3% | 3.12 | 2.25 | 2.32 | 65.37 | 80.85 | 0.98 | 24.28 | 2.77 | 1.92 | 2.98 |
| n or SD a | 41 | 0.54 | 0.60 | 0.63 | 10.99 | 23.09 | 0.84 | 7.09 | 0.90 | 0.85 | 0.97 |
| ICronbach's α | b | 0.81 | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.84 | 0.94 | 0.93 | 0.89 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.90 |
Inothi.
Logistic Regression Ukubikezela Imphumela Wokuhlolwa Kwemiphumela Yezimpawu Zokuphazamiseka Kwe-Hypersexual
Ekuhlaziyeni kwethu kokugcina, sifune ukubheka ukuthi ama-MCAS asanda kwakhiwa azosebenza kanjani lapho efakwa kumodeli ngasikhathi sinye nalezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-hypersexuality. Imodeli yalungiswa ngesimo se-HIV, njengoba isimo se-HIV sikhonjisiwe sihlotshaniswa ngokuqinile nokwakhiwa okuhlobene ne-hypersexuality okufana nokuphoqelelwa kwezocansi (isib. UGrov et al., 2010; I-Parsons et al., I-2012, 2013).
Imiphumela yokulawulwa kokuhleleka kukhonjiswa ku Ithebula 4. Sithole ukuthi, kusetshenziswa le nhlanganisela yokuguquguqukayo njengababikezeli, cishe i-87% yabahlanganyeli yahlukaniswe kahle njenge-hypersexual noma cha imodeli. Yize ukuguquguquka ngakunye ngaphandle koyedwa (ie., Inhibition II yocansi) kuhlotshaniswa nokuhlukaniswa kwe-hypersexual kuhlaziyo lwe-bivariate, amane aqhamuke njengazimele ngokubaluleka kwesimo semodeli enokutholakala: Ukuba ne-HIV kwakuhlotshaniswa cishe nokuphindwe kathathu kokungafani kokuhlukaniswa kwe-hypersexual , ukukhuphuka kweyunithi ekucindezelekeni nasekukhathazekeni kuhlotshaniswe nokukhuphuka kwezikhathi ze-2.3 ekuhlukaneni kwe-hypersexual ngezigaba, futhi ukunyuka kweyunithi ekuphatheni ngokobulili kuhlotshaniswa nokukhuphuka kwezikhathi ze-1.2 kokungafani kokuhlukaniswa kwe-hypersexual. Ukukhuphuka kwe-yunithi eyodwa kumaki osanda kwenziwa athuthukisiwe we-MCAS Disqualified Benefits amaphuzu kuhlotshaniswa nokukhuphuka kwezikhathi ze-1.8 ekuhlukaniseni ngezigaba ze-hypersexual emva kokulungiswa kwabo bonke abanye ababikezeli be-psychosocial ngaphakathi kwemodeli, okubonisa indima yayo eyingqayizivele ebingakaze icelwe ngaphambili ekucwaningweni kwe-hypersexuality.
Ithebula 4
I-Logistic Regression Predicting Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory (HDSI) Imiphumela yokuhlola nge-Inkomba ye-Psychosocial Inkomba
| eliguqukayo | B | I-AOR | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isimo Esihle se-HIV a | 1.05 | 2.86* | [1.03, 7.97] |
| Ukuxakaniseka Ngocansi | 0.31 | 1.36 | [0.50, 3.71] |
| Izithiyo Zobulili I | -0.09 | 0.92 | [0.38, 2.19] |
| Ukuvinjwa Kocansi II | 0.06 | 1.07 | [0.48, 2.34] |
| Ukungaziphathi kahle | -0.04 | 0.96 | [0.91, 1.02] |
| Dysregulation Engokomzwelo | 0.02 | 1.02 | [0.99. 1.05] |
| Ukucindezeleka Nokukhathazeka | 0.83 | 2.30* | [1.16, 4.57] |
| Ukuphoqelela Ubulili | 0.21 | 1.23*** | [1.12, 1.35] |
| I-MCAS: Kukhuliswe Isidingo | 0.20 | 1.23 | [0.64, 2.34] |
| I-MCAS: Izinzuzo ezifanele | 0.57 | 1.77* | [1.01, 3.10] |
| I-MCAS: Kuncishisiwe Ukusebenza Kokubalulekile | 0.08 | 1.08 | [0.53, 2.18] |
| Ukulinganisa Kwamamodeli | |||
| imodeli χ2(df) | 87.84*** (11) | ||
| I-Nagelkerke R2 | 0.56 | ||
| -2 Amathuba Okungena | 115.97 | ||
| % Kuhlukaniswe kahle ku-HDSI | 86.1% | ||
Note. CI = Isikhashana sokuqiniseka; I-AOR = Izilinganiso Zokushintshwa Kwezinkinga.
UKUKHULUMA
Besifuna ukudala isikali sokuqala esikwazi ukuthumba ukuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi phakathi kwabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abathandanayo abesilisa nabesilisa abathandanayo. Imiphumela yezingxoxo zethu ezijulile zokuhlolwa kwezinga eliphakanyisiwe zaphakamisa ama-subscales amathathu we-discrete, asekelwa ngokuqinisekiswa kokuhlaziywa kwezinto, kufaka phakathi ukukhulisa isidingo sobulili, ukukhipha izinzuzo zokwenza ucansi, kanye nokunciphisa ukuzisebenza komuntu okulawula imicabango yokuziphatha kanye nokuziphatha. Ubudlelwano bokuhleleka kwalezi zinto ezingaphansi kwesikhashana buveza imodeli yokuqonda ye-hypersexourse ehambisana nezinqubo zokuziphatha zokulawula okusebenzayo (iBandura, 1982, 1997), njengoba kuchazwe ngezansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqiniso lokuthi Izinzuzo ezivumelekile zokuxhashazwa kocansi zayibikezela kakhulu inqubo ehlongozwayo ye-hypersexourse ngemuva kokulungiswa kokuguquguquka okubalulekile kwawo wonke amamodeli wekhompiyutha akhona we-hypersexuality (okungukuthi, ukucashelwa kobulili nokuvinjwa, ukungafakwa, ukudonswa kwemizwelo, ukudangala nokukhathazeka, kanye nokukhuthazeka kwezocansi. ) kuphakamisa ukubaluleka kocwaningo oluqhubekayo nokugxila emtholampilo kubabikezeli be-hypersexourse ababonakalayo.
Lapho umuntu ekholelwa ukuthi ubulili buhlotshaniswa nezinzuzo ezimbalwa kanye nokulimala okuningi, kodwa nokho akuphishekele kaningi njengoba kwenza amadoda esampula yethu, kungenzeka ukuthi akhulise izinkolelo zokusebenziseka okuphansi komuntu siqu ukulawula indlela yakhe yokuziphatha kwezocansi. Ngale ndlela, ubona indlela aziphatha ngayo njengoba eqhutywa, hhayi ngokuzithandela kwakhe, ngezimo zangaphandle ezingaphezu kwamandla akhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho umuntu ekholelwa ukuthi ubulili buyadingeka ukuze basebenze nsuku zonke — kungaba ukulala, ukuphumula, ukubekezelela, ukuxhuma, noma ukugxila — uzokholwa ukuthi lezi zidingo zangaphandle, kunokusebenza kwakhe okulawula ukuziphatha kwakhe kwezocansi, kumholela zivame ukufuna izitolo zocansi. Ngale ndlela, ukulindelwa kwesiphetho esingalunganga (okusho, izinzuzo ezingekho emthethweni, izidingo ezikhulisiwe) kuqhuba ukuqonda okuyiphutha kokusebenza kahle kokuzibusa ngokobulili (okungukuthi, ukuthi umuntu akekho olawula indlela yokuziphatha kwakhe kwezocansi), okuthi ngayo kuqhutshekwe nokusebenzisa ubuqili njengesiqu kuboniswe kulolu cwaningo. Izinguquko zakamuva ze I-Bandura's (1977) imodeli yasekuqaleni yokuziphatha okuhleWilliams, 2010) Nikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kwalolu hlaka lokuhleleka (okulindelekile komphumela → izinkolelo zokuzisebenzisa kahle → ukuziphatha).
Phakathi kwabesilisa abathandana kakhulu nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abathandanayo, bakholelwa ukuthi ubulili ukusaphaza isikhathi, ukulimala kakhulu kunokuhle, futhi okungafanele umzamo kuhlangene ne-hypersexuality ekuhlelweni kwemodeli yezakhi ezinkulu zazo zonke izinhlobo ezikhona ze-hypersexuality. Lokhu kuthola kusho ukuthi ukungafaneleki kwezinzuzo zocansi kufanekisela isibikezeli esiyisisekelo se-hypersexourse esingazange sithathwe kumamodeli edlule. Ngenkathi ukudabuka komuntu kungenye yezimpawu ezichazayo ze-hypersexourse, amamodeli akhona we-hypersexourse awacacisi ukuthi umsuka waluphi usizi (I-Kafka, i-2010). Ukuthola kwethu kusikisela ukuthi okungenzeka ukuthi kube imbangela yokucindezelwa kungaba yizinkolelo ezingezinhle ngemiphumela yezocansi, kokubili okuhle nokubi, kanye nokuhluleka komuntu kokulawula kokuziphatha kocansi. Ukuthola kwethu indima ebaluleke kakhulu yokubona ukulimala kuphela, hhayi ukusizakala, kusuka ocansini bekuhambisana nemodeli yokuphindisela ye-hypersexuality lapho ukuziphatha okuyinkinga kobulili kugcinwa khona ngekhono lawo elifanayo lokuzibandakanya kubangele ukucabanga kwengqondo (isib. Ukuzisola, amahloni) nokusebenzela njengendlela yokulawula okwesibili, noma ukubhekana nalokhu kusizi, noma ngabe kungokwesikhashana. Ucwaningo lwekusasa olusebenzisa amamodeli aphelele wesikhathi semininingwane yomuntu siqu kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okuphathelene nokuziphatha kocansi (isib. UHofmann, Baumeister, Förster, & Vohs, 2012; UShrier, uShih, uHacker, no-de Moor, ngo-2007) izokwazi ukucacisa umsebenzi we-hypersexourse oyinkinga, kufaka phakathi amandla okuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi ukuze asebenze njengabaphikisi nabalandela imiphumela yocansi.
Ukuqondiswa kweMaladaptive mayelana nocansi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kocansi kwabesilisa abancane
Amadoda athandana nobungqingili maningi amathuba okubika ukuqonda okungahambi kahle, njengokuzibona ungazethembi nokuphelelwa yithemba, kuyo yonke inkambo yempilo kunamadoda angafani nobungqingili (isib. Hatzenbuehler, 2009; IHatzenbuehler, uMcLaughlin, noNolen-Hoeksema, ngo-2008; ISafren & G., 1999). Amadoda athandana nobungqingili angahle abe nokuqonda okuthe xaxa mayelana nokuya ocansini ngokunikezwa kokuhlukumezeka okungafani nokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi kwengane, ukucindezelwa okumbalwa ngokuzungeza kwabo ucansi, imfihlo nokuhlazeka okuvame ukuzungeza ubungqingili obahlwayayo ngokuvela kokukhula kokuqala (I-D'Augelli, 2002; ULeleutiu-Weinberger et al., 2011; IPachankis neBernstein, 2012; I-Parsons et al., I-2012; Stall et al., 2003). Isibonelo, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi kwengane kuhlotshaniswa nokukhathazeka kwengqondo kanye namahemuhemu (UBriere no-Elliott, 2003), futhi elixhumanisa ngokwengxenye ubudlelwano phakathi kokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili kwengane nokuziphatha kabi, njengokudla nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa, ukubhekana nosizi (USarin noNolen-Hoeksema, 2010). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufihla isici esiyisisekelo sobunikazi bakho, okunjengokuthanda umuntu kwezocansi, esikhathini esibalulekile sentuthuko kukhonjiswe ngamandla ukwakheka komqondo wakhe nokuziphatha kwakhe kwempilo (IPachankis neHatzenbuehler, 2013). Ngenkathi ingahlolwa ngokuqondile lapha, imodeli ethola umsuka wemicabango eyiphutha mayelana nezocansi ekukhulelweni kwentsha iyahambisana namamodeli wokuthuthuka wokucindezela okumbalwa nezinye izimilo zokuziphatha. Ukufakwa kwesilinganiso sokuqondisisa okungahambi kahle mayelana nocansi ocwaningweni lokuthuthukiswa kwamadoda athandana nobungqingili kungaphinde kugcizelele iqhaza lokuqashelwa kumamodeli wobungqingili kanye nobungqingili besilisa kanye nemiphumela yokucindezelwa okuncane kwabesilisa.
Imiphumela Yomtholampilo
Ukuthola kwethu maqondana nokunikela kwezinzuzo ezikhulisiwe, ukuvinjwa okungafanele, kanye nokunciphisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kumodeli wokuqagela we-hypersexeness bekuhambisana nezifundo zamacala ezikhona kanye nesiqondisi somtholampilo sokwelapha lo mkhuba (isib. UMelusi, i-2010; Weiss, 2004) kanye nezindlela zokwelapha ezinye izinkinga zocansi, ezifana nombukiso kanye nokuya ocansini (UMurphy nekhasi, 2008; I-Wincze, i-2000). Izindlela zokuqonda kulezi zindlela zokwelapha zenza ukuthi kutholakale izinsiza ezinembile zemiphumela yezenzo zezempilo ezinikeziwe futhi zikhuthaze ukusebenza ngokuzilawula kokuziphatha komuntu okunenkinga kwezocansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela zokwelashwa zezinye izinkinga zokuziphatha ngokweqile (isb., Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa, ukugembula kwe-pathological) zisebenzisa izindlela zokwakha kabusha zokuqonda ezisukela ekuvuseleleni ngokuzungezayo okuyisisekelo (isib, IHofmann, Deutsch, Lancaster, neBanaji, 2010) ukuphazamisa ukucubungula okuzenzakalelayo kwezilingo (isib. I-Wiers, Rinck, Kordts, Houben, & Strack, 2010). Lawa masu ekugcineni akha ukuzisebenzela kokushintshwa kokuziphatha, izinkolelo eziguquguqukayo mayelana nokuziphatha kwenkinga, kanye nokuzithiba (UMarlatt noGordon, ngo-1985). Ukungenelela obehlose ukuqondisa ukuqonda ekuzithetheleleni kokuya ocansini kwe-anal kungavikelekile phakathi kwamadoda alala nabantu besilisa kuye kwehliswa kwe-60% ocansini olungavikelekile lwe-anal phakathi kwabamukeli ngokuqhathaniswa nokungafani noshintsho phakathi kweqembu elithole ukwelulekwa okujwayelekile kokunciphisa i-HIV (UDilley et al., 2007). Imiphumela yocwaningo oluningi lokuvimbela ukubuyela emuva oluhlola ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha ezifaka impilo engcupheni ikhombisa ukuthi ukungenelela okuguqula ukuqonda mayelana nokuziphatha okuyinkinga kungaholela ekunciphiseni kuleyo ndlela yokuziphatha.
Ngoba ucwaningo lwethu alukwazanga ukudala ukubhekeka, imiphumela yomtholampilo kumele idonswe ngokuqapha. Ngenkathi ukuncipha kokuqonda okungahambi kahle kungahle kudlule ekunciphiseni ekuziphatheni kwe-hypersexual, asikwazi ukubekisa emathubeni okungenzeka wokuthi ukuqondisisa okungahambi kahle kungalandelela ekuziphatheni okuyinkinga noma ukuthi ukuhlukahluka okungacatshangwanga kungahle kuchaze ubudlelwane phakathi kwengqondo nokuziphatha. Noma kunjalo, imiphumela yocwaningo lwamanje iphakamisa ukuthi amazinga aphezulu emicabango eyiphutha mayelana nezocansi, ikakhulukazi izinzuzo ezingekho emthethweni zocansi, ziyavela ngokuhlangana okuyinkinga ngokweqile. Eqinisweni, kungenzeka ukuthi isici sokuqala esihlukanisa abantu abathandana kakhulu nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abakubuka esikrinini okuhle nokubi ngokungahle kube yibanga lokucindezelwa kwengqondo okutholwa abesilisa abayizitabane abane-hypersexourse eyinkinga yize lokhu kungenzeka kulindelwe ukuhlolwa okunamandla. Imiphumela yethu ibuye ihambisane nokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi umbono wokuqonda ophathelene nezobulili ungahambisani nokujwayelekile, kanzima ukulawula imicabango yocansi, izifiso, nokuziphatha okuhambisana nokucindezelwa okukhulu nemiphumela emibi. Ngakho-ke, imiphumela yethu iphakamisa ukuthi izindlela zokwelashwa ezisondeza izimo zengqondo ezingekho emacansini ziyehluleka ukuqokomisa izinzuzo zobulili futhi zikhuthaze nenkolelo yokuthi umuntu alawula indlela aziphatha ngayo ngokobulili kungahle kungasebenzele ukuqhubekisela phambili, kunokuba anciphise, ukuqina kwebala.
Imiphumela yale ndlela yokufunda, kepha ikakhulukazi yokugwema, udaba olubalulekile lokuqanjwa kwemvelo okunemiphumela yomtholampilo. Ngokukhethekile, ukuqinisekiswa kabusha kwe-hypersexeness enenkinga kuhlu lokuhlola okujwayelekile kanye ne-ajenda yocwaningo kungaphikiswa ukuthi ku-pathologise isici esihle sempilo yomuntu. Le ngxabano kungenzeka ibaluleke kakhulu kwabesilisa abathandana nabesilisa nabesifazane abathandanayo, iqembu labantu abathandana nobulili babo ngokwahlukahlukana kwabo emlandweni wanamuhla, inkinga yezenhlalo eqhubeka namuhla (I-Gallup, 2012). Kodwa-ke, ukuba khona kwemicabango eqinile noma enganembile ngezocansi phakathi kwabesilisa abathandana nabesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abathandanayo imele inkinga yezempilo futhi uqobo, kungenzeka ukuthi kunesibonakaliso se-pathognomonic se-hypersexourse eyinkinga, noma ngabe kunanoma iyiphi impikiswano futhi ephikisana nenani lokuziphatha noma lokuya ocansini elinamandla imicabango, izifiso, noma isimilo. Njengomphumela, ukukhonjwa nokwelashwa kokuqukethwe okungalungile komqondo nezinqubo eziqondayo eziphathelene nezocansi zisebenzisa izindlela ezivumelekile namamodeli aqanjiwe kumelela ukubeka phambili impilo yezengqondo engafani nhlobo nokuhlangana kwayo nenkinga ethile yempilo yengqondo. Lolu cwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukunciphisa usizi lokucabanga olubhekene nabesilisa ababhekana ne-hypersexourse eyinkinga, esikhundleni sokunciphisa amazinga wokuziphatha kobulili, nakho kunganciphisa ubuzwilili obunenkinga.
Ukulinganiselwa
Ukulinganiselwa okubili okuphambili kwalolu cwaningo kwakuyindlela yokusampula nokwakheka kwengxenye. Yize sikwazile ukuthola isampula ehlukahlukene yamadoda athandana nabesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abathandanayo, bonke laba bantu babehlala endaweni yedolobha laseNew York, kwakudingeka ukuba bakwazi ukungena kwi-inthanethi, futhi babefunde kakhulu. Izifundo zesikhathi esizayo ziyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi amasampula amadoda angekho emadolobheni noma angafundile kangako enza ubulili obuningi obahlukahlukene bokuqanjwa kwamakhompiyutha abonisa ukuzibandakanya okuhlukile nge-hypersexuality. Isampula elikhudlwana, ngaphezu kwalokho, lalinganikeza amandla amaningi ukuthola izibikezeli ezibalulekile kumodeli yethu yokuphamba enokufinyeleleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela esezingeni elisetshenziswe ocwaningweni lwamanje ikhawuleze amandla ethu okuthola ukuthi ukuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi kwaba yimbangela, umphumela, zombili, noma cha kwezimpawu zobuchopho eziyinkinga. Umklamo omude olandela abesilisa abathandana kakhulu nabesilisa abathandanayo ngokwesikhathi esibi ngaphambi kokuqalwa kokuqina kobunzima obunamandla unikeze izindlela ezidingekayo zokuhlonza iqhaza lesikhashana lokuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lezi zinhlangano kungenzeka zisebenze ekuphenduleni omunye nomunye futhi umsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo kufanele usebenzise imidwebo ekwazi ukuphenya ushintsho olwenzeka ekuziphatheni kobulili, ukuqonda okungalungile, ne-hypersexuality. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasampula okomzuzwana wokucabanga kwemvelo ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlangana ngokocansi kuvumela ukuthi kukhonjwe ukuguquguquka kokuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi nethonya labo lesikhashana ekuziphatheni kwezocansi.
Ekugcineni, iBhodi yabaPhathi ye-American Psychiatric Association yanquma ukungahambisani ne-Hypersexual Disorder kungaba njengokuxilongwa okusemthethweni noma engxenyeni yencwajana ezoqhubeka nokufundwa. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo luyadingeka ukuphenya izindlela ezinokwenzeka zokuxineka okuyinkinga nenkimbi ehlongozwayo ukuyivivinya, iHypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory, isilinganiso sethu sokuqala semiphumela. Kokuhlaziywa kwamanje sigxile kwinguqulo yokuzibika yesilinganiso kunokuba sikulowo olawulwa ngumtholampilo. Okwamanje akwaziwa noma izindlela ezihlukile zokuhlola zinomthelela onamandla kwekhono lokuhlukanisa i-hypersexuality. Uphenyo olufuna ukuthola indlela yokulinganisa enembile kunayo yonke i-hypersexuality enezinkinga kudingeka lusungule i-hypersexuality njenge-taxon diagnostic evumelekile.
Isiphetho
Lolu cwaningo luhlakulele isithombe esiphelele kakhulu se-hypersexuality kunalokho okwanikezwa ngaphambili futhi kwandisa amamodeli akhona we-hypersexuality ukufaka ukugxila ekubalulekeni kwemibono eyiphutha mayelana nobulili ekuchazweni kwe-hypersexourse eyinkinga. Ukukhonjwa kwesici esinezici ezintathu zokuqonda okungahambi kahle mayelana nezocansi kubonisa inqubo lapho okulindelwe umphumela ongalungile ichaze ukuzithoba kokuziphatha ngokocansi, bobathathu okuchaza ubuhlakani, okungenani ngokwengxenye. Ukukhonjwa kwalesi simodeli ngenqubo ebanzi ye-psychometric, kufaka phakathi ukuqinisekisisa kokuhlaziya, ukumiswa kwesakhiwo, kanye nokuhlola eceleni kwababikezeli be-hypersexuality kubonisa ukwethenjwa nokwenziwa kwalokhu kwakha. Iqiniso lokuthi ukuqonda okungahambi kahle ngokuqondene nokufanela izinzuzo zocansi kuchaza ubukhona be-hypersexuality kulo lonke isampula lethu labesilisa abathandana nabesilisa abathandanayo kakhulu ocansini ngenhla kokuhluka okubalulekile kwamamodeli asungulwe ngaphambili we-hypersexuality kubiza ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo kanye nezindlela zokwelapha zokunciphisa imicabango enjalo ukuze kuncishiswe okwenzeka njalo, kanzima ukulawula imicabango yocansi, izifiso, nokuziphatha okuhambisana nokucindezelwa okukhulu komuntu nemiphumela emibi.
Ukuvuma
Le projekthi yaxhaswa isibonelelo sokucwaninga esivela kwiNational Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH087714; Jeffrey T. Parsons, Umphenyi Oyisikhulu). UH. Jonathon Rendina wasekelwa, ngokwengxenye, yiNational Institute of Mental Health uRuth L. Kirchstein Individual Predoctoral Fellowship (F31-MH095622). Okuqukethwe kungumsebenzi wababhali kuphela futhi akumelwe kuveze imibono esemthethweni yeZikhungo Zezempilo Zwelonke. Ababhali bangathanda ukuvuma ukunikela kweQembu LeNhlangano Yokucwaninga NgePilo: URuben Jimenez, uJoshua Guthals, noBrian Mustanski. Sithanda ukubonga nabasebenzi be-CHEST abadlale izindima ezibalulekile ekwenziweni kwalomsebenzi: uChris Cruz, uFran Ferayorni, uSidingo Gurung, noChris Hietikko, kanye nethimba lethu labasizi bocwaningo, abaqeqeshi futhi nalabo abaqeqeshekile. Ekugcineni, sibonga uChris Ryan, uDaniel Nardicio, noStephan Adelson kanye nababambe iqhaza abazinikele ngesikhathi sabo kulolu cwaningo.
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