AKWỤKWỌ NDỊ DỊ N'IME YA: New study reports large percentage of child porn (CP) users have no sexual interest in children. It was only after years of viewing adult porn, resulting in habituation to new genre after new genre, that porn users eventually sought more extreme material and genres, eventually escalating into CP. Researchers point to the nature of internet porn (endless novelty via tube sites) as playing a substantial role in conditioning sexual arousal to extreme content, such as CP. Ihe dị mkpa na-ekwu:
The nature of the internet promotes non-pedophiles to escalate eventually:
N'ebe a, anyị tụlere mkpali nke onwe nke ụmụ nwoke maka mmalite na mmezi nke ịlele CP na ịntanetị. Anyị na-elekwasị anya na mkpali mmekọahụ nke dabeere na Internetntanetị n'ihi nkwupụta ndị gara aga na itselfntanetị n'onwe ya nwere ike iwebata ihe ndị pụrụ iche na-enye aka na omume a (Quayle, Vaughan, & Taylor, 2006).
Ebumnuche dị ka ụzọ nke iji CP:
Several participants reported being sexually interested in pornography that they described as ‘taboo’ or ‘extreme’, meaning it fell outside the range of what they considered traditional sexual activities or behaviors. For example, Mike reported searching for “anything unusual really, as long as it wasn’t … regular looking things.” Participants often started by viewing Internet pornography on the lower end of the taboo spectrum (e.g., spanking, transvestism), and described a gradual progression to viewing more extreme sexual stimuli in response to what appeared to be habituation to these sexual activities or themes. As shown in Figure 1, the drive to discover increasingly taboo pornography ultimately facilitated the use of CP for some participants, following their habituation to a myriad of pornographic themes, including illicit but non-pedophilic behaviors (e.g., incest, bestiality). As Jamie described, “I’d look at BDSM things, and then get to more really sadistic things and other taboos, and then eventually just kind of feel like, ‘well, again, fuck it. I’ll take the plunge’”. The fact that CP is illegal actually increased some participants’ arousal, such as Ben who explained, “I felt like what I was doing was illegal, and it gave me a tremendous rush”, and Travis, who noted, “Sometimes it felt good to do something you’re not supposed to be doing.”
Hyperfocused sexual arousal:
N'otu oge ọnọdụ mmetụta uche jupụtara na mmụọ, ndị sonyere dị mfe igosipụta ikiri ihe nkiri na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ na-emesị nwee mmekpa ahụ n'ikpeazụ. Ihe nchọta gara aga na-atụ aro na steeti 'visceral' nke inye ahụ ohere ka ndị mmadụ legharia ihe ndị ga - egbochi ụzọ mmekọahụ ụfọdụ (Loewenstein, 1996). …. Ozugbo ndị sonyere na-anọghị n'ọnọdụ agụụ mmekọahụ a na-akpachi anya, ha kọrọ na CP ha na-elele ghọrọ nke na-enweghị mgbagha na mgbagha, ihe omume Quayle na Taylor (2002) kọkwara.
Seeking novelty:
Ndị bịaranụ kọwara na ka ngosipụta ha banyere ihe ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ na Intaneti na-akawanye njọ, ha na-ahụwanye onwe ha na-enweghị mmasị na ụdị ihe ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ (iwu) nke ha na-ahọrọkarị. N'ihi ya, ndị bịaranụ bidoro chọwa agụụ mmekọahụ ma nwekwaa agụụ mmekọahụ metụtara ihe ọhụụ gbasara mmekọahụ na mmemme. Ntaneti gosiputara n’enye aka ndi n’ere ihe inwe obi uto na ochicho nke mkpali inwe nmeghari ohuru, dika Intanet buru ibu gosiri ihe ndi na egosi ihe nzuzu, ma obu ha nile nwere ike ito uto ma obu mkpali karie ihe ha ugbu a. na-elele. N’ịkọwa usoro a, John kọwara:
Ọ malitere n'etiti ndị okenye tozuru etozu, ndị nwere ụdị ụmụ nwanyị, ọ dịkwa ntakịrị ntakịrị, yabụ na ị ga na-ele ụfọdụ ihe nwanyị nwanyị nwere nwanyị nwanyị anya nwa oge, ọ na-agbakwa ntakịrị, mgbe ahụ ị malite ịgagharị.
Ọria aghara (agwa) na-eduga n'ịba ụba:
Na mbọ ha na-achọta akụkọ ọdịnala na mkpali mmekọahụ, ndị sonyere malitere ịchọpụta ihe ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ metụtara ọtụtụ mmekọahụ, ndị mmekọ, ọrụ, na ike karịa ka ha tụlere na mbụ. Nke a nwere ike igosipụta ntakịrị mmebi iwu gbasara omume ma ọ bụ nke iwu mmadụ nyere (n'ịma ama ma ọ bụ n'amaghị ama) setịpụrụ onwe ha gbasara ụdị ihe ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ ha na-ele anya 'dị mma'. Dị ka Mike kọwara, “Naanị ị ga - agafe agafe ma ga - agafe ókè - ị na - agwa onwe gị] 'ị gaghị eme nke ahụ', mana ị ga - eme ya."
Ọganiru nke Mike na ndị ọzọ sonyere kọwara na-egosi omume enwere ike ịmebi omume, ebe ọtụtụ ndị sonyere mere gosiri na n'ikpeazụ ha ga-achọ ụma ma ọ bụ ihe nlere jọgburu onwe ya iji nweta otu mmụọ agụụ. Dịka Justin kọwara, "Achọtara m onwe m ụdị ịsụda ala ebe ọ bụ naanị, ọ dị m mkpa ịbụ nnukwu ihe obi ụtọ karịa inwe ụdị ọ bụla metụtara gị." Ọtụtụ ndị sonyere n'ọmụmụ ihe anyị kwuru na ikiri ọtụtụ ụdị ihe ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ tupu ịchọ CP, nke a yiri nchọpụta e mere na mbụ na-egosi na ndị nwere mmejọ CP nwere ike ịmalite site na iji ihe ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ iwu ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-elele ihe ndị megidere iwu, ikekwe n'ihi ọtụtụ ekpughere na nsogbu (Ray et al., 2014).
Habituation leads some users to CP:
Dị ka egosipụtara na eserese 1, ndị sonyere na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè n’agbata ihe ọhụụ na omume ọtụtụ oge tupu ha amalite ịchọ CP. Mgbe ha chọpụtasịrị ụdị ihe nkiri na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ dị egwu, ndị sonyere ga-eji ọtụtụ awa na-enyocha, na-ekiri ma na-anakọta mkpali nke okike a, nke bụ 'binge' na-ekiri ihe ndị a. Ndị na - eme egwuregwu kọwara na n'ihi mkpughe a buru ibu, ha ruru otu mgbe nke a ụdị ihe ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ anaghị enyezi mmụọ ọjọọ banyere mmekọahụ, na-eme ka ha maliteghachi ịchọ mkpali mmekọahụ.
Echere m na mbụ, ike gwụrụ m. Dị ka, M ga-ahụ isiokwu na m nwere mmasị na… na ọ ga-adịkwa mfe n'ụzọ dị mfe m ga-enweta, amaghị m, aga m eji isiokwu ahụ - enweghị m mmasị, ahụla m nke ukwuu - na m banyeziri karịa. (Jamie)
Amalitere m ile foto ụmụ nwanyị nke okenye [mgbe m na-ele foto ndị gba ọtọ na Intanet], mgbe ahụ, m nọgidere na-ele anya na ụmụ agbọghọ na ụmụ obere, na ụmụ m. (Ben)
Mmetụta ịkpa agwa bụ nke ọma na mpaghara ndị ọzọ nke akparamaagwa, ekwukwaala ya na mbụ ikiri ihe ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ. Elliott na Beech na-akọwa usoro a dịka, “… Mbelata ọkwa mmụọ na-akpali akpali maka otu mkpali ahụ na - ekpughere ugboro ugboro - ebe, n'ile ihe onyonyo nwoke na nwanyị, o yikarịrị ka ndị omekome ahụ na - achọ ihe ọhụụ, ihe osise dị oke egwu karịa oge iji zụọ ọkwa ha," Elliott na Beech, (2009, p. 187).
As with other genres of pornography, extensive exposure to CP eventually caused most participants to describe habituating to these materials, including participants who reported a sexual interest in children (just as participants interested in adults habituated to genres of adult pornography). This often led participants to seek out CP involving younger victims and/or more graphic sexual depictions in an attempt to evoke the same degree of arousal originally experienced in response to viewing these materials. As Justin explained, “You try to look for something that will give you some spark, or some feeling, and initially, it didn’t. As you get younger and younger, it did.” Some participants reported reaching a point where they began seeking CP involving children who would previously have been too young for them to find arousing. Travis commented, “Over time, the models did get younger … before, I would not even consider anything under 16.” It is particularly interesting that, unlike other types of pornography, participants reported continuing to view CP even after their arousal to these materials had diminished. This raises questions regarding the personal and situational factors involved in maintaining this behavior.
Ọnọdụ mmekọahụ:
Ọtụtụ ndị sonyere na-akọ akụkọ enweghị mmachi tupu ha enwee agụụ mmekọahụ na ụmụaka tupu ha elele CP kwenyere na ikpughere ugboro ugboro n'ihe ndị a bụ isi 'ọnọdụ ha' iji zụlite agụụ mmekọahụ na ụmụaka.
Ebe ọ bụ na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ndị niile sonyere na-ekwu enweghị ọchịchọ itinye aka na mmejọ mmekọahụ, ọ ga-ekwe omume na usoro a gbanwere ndị sonyere ịmalite inwe mmasị na CP, karịa ụmụaka onwe ha (na site na ịgbatị ụmụaka n'ụzọ mmekọahụ). Ndị bịaranụ nyere nkọwa dị iche iche banyere otu ha siri ghọta usoro ọnọdụ a:
Ọ dị ụdị ka… mgbe ị nwere sapịnụ mbụ nke gin, ma ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla. Na-eche, 'nke a jọgburu onwe ya', mana ị ga-aga, n'ikpeazụ ị ga-amalite ịmasị gin. (John).
Sekit ndị dị na ụbụrụ m metụtara agụụ mmekọahụ, sekọnd ndị na-agbapụ mgbe m na-elele foto ụmụaka… ọtụtụ afọ m na-eme nke ahụ mere ka ihe dị na ụbụrụ m gbanwee. (Ben)
Ka mmasị ha na CP na-abawanye, ndị sonyere na mbụ lere ma ndị okenye ma ụmụaka ihe nkiri ụmụaka kọrọ na ha na-esiri ya ike ịmalite mkpali nke inwe mmekọahụ metụtara ndị okenye.
N'ọnọdụ dị mma, usoro nhazi a nwere ike iyi ihe megidere ahụmịhe nke obibi ebe akọwara na mbụ. Agbanyeghi, odi nkpa ighota na nye ndi mmadu n’enweghi mmasi inwe umuaka, ihe nlere anya dika nke a bu n’abia n’ilele anya CP na nmekorita ndi mmadu n’ime ihe ndia.
Their compulsion looks like addiction in several ways:
Ikekwe otu n'ime ihe ndị na-atọ ụtọ na-akọ banyere ndị sonyere 'enweghị ike' ọganihu 'site na CP na-eso ebe obibi ha na ibelata mmeghachi omume nke ihe ndị a. Theghọta na enweghi ike ịkwụsị omume a mere ụfọdụ ndị sonyere jiri okwu ha nke CP dịka 'mmanye' ma ọ bụ 'ihe riri ahụ. Dị ka Travis kọwara:
Amaghị m ma enwere ihe dị ka ihe riri ahụ… ebe ị na-eme ihe ị na-achọghị ime, mana m na-ahụkarị ka m na-enyocha saịtị ndị a ugboro ugboro… M ga-anọ ọdụ n'oge N'abalị na-eme nke a, n'ihi na m ga-alaghachi wee lelee.
Ọ dị mma ịmara na ọ dịghị onye sonyere kọwara omume enweghị nchekasị ma ọ bụ kọwaa ihe ngosi ọ bụla nke ndọrọ ego mgbe ha kwụsịrị iji CP, na-atụ aro na omume a abụghị ihe riri ahụ n'oge ọdịnala…
The search for novelty, due to habituation, was more arousing than viewing CP:
One manifestation of this ‘compulsion’ is reflected by our finding that nearly all participants, regardless of their original motivation for viewing CP, reported that the act of searching the Internet for new sexual stimuli eventually superseded the enjoyment of actually viewing these materials. Following from our proposed behavioral facilitation process, we suggest the possibility that participants began to prefer the search for CP over the act of viewing it because by the time participants reached the stage of actively seeking CP – arguably the most taboo type of pornography – they had progressed through (and habituated to) numerous genres of pornography and could no longer conceive of any sexual themes or activities that would be sufficiently taboo or extreme to evoke the intense sexual response they desired. Consequently, we suggest that the excitement and anticipation associated with potentially discovering novel and highly arousing pornography becomes more intense than the feelings experienced in response to viewing these materials. This, in turn, is expected to fuel participants’ desire to continue seeking CP (even past the point of habituation), and an inability to find strongly arousing pornography may underlie participants’ perceived compulsion to engage in this behavior. As Dave described:
Ekwesịrị m ịtụgharị, dị ka site n'otu [foto / vidiyo] gaa na nke ọzọ, n'ihi na ozugbo m malitere ile otu anya, m ga-enweta ike gwụrụ na m ga-aga onye ọzọ. Ma ọ bụ otú ahụ ka ọ dị. Ọ weghaara ndụ m.
Behav Sci Law. 2020 Feb 13. doi: 10.1002/bsl.2450.
Knack N1, Holmes D2, Fedoroff JP1,3.
nkịtị
The staggering rate at which incidents of child pornography (CP) are increasing highlights the need for proactive approaches to this problem. Improving the efficacy and accessibility of interventions designed for individuals who view CP provides one means of addressing this growing concern. This article explores the self-identified motivations underlying the onset and maintenance of viewing Internet-based CP among a sample of 20 men receiving treatment for this behavior. Our findings suggest two primary motivational pathways, namely a desire to achieve sexual gratification and/or an attempt to avoid emotional pain. We propose a behavioral facilitation process, initiated by extensive exposure to Internet pornography, to explain the use of CP in men without a sexual interest in children. We also discuss factors that appeared to facilitate the maintenance of this behavior. Our findings indicate that social skills deficits, maladaptive coping strategies, and a lack of sexual education require further investigation regarding their role in promoting or precluding desistance from viewing CP.
PMID: 32056275
DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2450
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