(L) Dopamine ta ƙaddara motsa jiki don yin aiki (2013)

Jan. 10, 2013 - Imanin da yaduwar cewa dopamine yana jin dadi yana iya sauka a cikin tarihin tare da sabon bincike akan sakamako na wannan neurotransmitter. Masu bincike sun tabbatar da cewa yana da motsi, yana sa mutane su fara da kuma yin haƙuri don samun wani abu ko kyau ko kuma mummunan aiki.

Labarin neuroscience Neuron wallafa wata kasida ta masu bincike a jami'ar Jaume I ta Castellón wacce ke yin nazari kan ka'idar da ke yaduwa a kan kwayar cutar ta dopamine kuma hakan ya haifar da babban sauyi tare da aikace-aikacen cututtukan da suka danganci rashin kuzari da gajiyawar hankali da kuma damuwa, da cutar Parkinson, da yawan cutar sclerosis, da fibromyalgia, da sauransu. cututtuka inda akwai dalili mai yawa da naci kamar yadda ya faru da batun ƙari.

“An yi amannar cewa kwayar dopamine ta tsara dadi da lada kuma muna sakin ta lokacin da muka samu wani abu da zai gamsar da mu, amma a zahirin gaskiya shaidun kimiyya sun nuna cewa wannan kwayar cutar ta kwakwalwa ta yi aiki a gabanin hakan, hakika tana karfafa mu muyi aiki. Watau, ana fitar da sinadarin dopamine domin cimma wani abin kirki ko don guje wa wani abu mara kyau, ”in ji Mercè Correa.

Nazarin ya nuna cewa ana fitar da kwayar cutar dopamine ta hanyar jin dadi amma har da damuwa, zafi ko hasara. Wadannan binciken bincike duk da haka an skewed don kawai haskaka da tasiri tabbatacce, a cewar Correa. Sabuwar labarin shine bita akan tsarin da ya dogara da bayanai daga binciken da yawa, ciki har da wadanda aka gudanar a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata ta hanyar Castellón tare da haɗin tare da John Salamone na Jami'ar Connecticut (Amurka), game da rawar da kwayar dopamine ke ciki. yanayin halayyar dabbobi.

Matsayin dopamine ya dogara da mutane, don haka wasu mutane sun fi wasu dagewa don cimma wata manufa. “Dopamine tana kaiwa ga kiyaye matakin aiki don cimma abin da ake so. Wannan bisa ka'ida tabbatacce ne, duk da haka, koyaushe zai dogara ne akan abubuwan da ake nema: ko burin shine ya zama ɗalibin kirki ko kuma shan kwayoyi "in ji Correa. Hakanan manyan matakan dopamine na iya bayyana halayen waɗanda ake kira masu neman abin ƙyama kamar yadda suke da ƙarfin yin aiki.

Aikace-aikace don ƙuntatawa da jaraba

Don sanin sifofin neurobiological da ke sa mutane su motsa da wani abu yana da mahimmanci ga yankuna da yawa kamar aiki, ilimi ko kiwon lafiya. Ana ganin Dopamine yanzu a matsayin babban ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta don magance alamun bayyanar cututtuka kamar rashin ƙarfi da ke faruwa a cikin cututtuka irin su baƙin ciki. Correa ya ce: "Mutane da ke cikin damuwa ba sa son yin komai kuma hakan ya faru ne saboda ƙarancin matakan dopamine." Rashin ƙarfin kuzari da motsawa yana da alaƙa da wasu cututtukan tare da gajiya ta hankali kamar su Parkinson's, sclerosis ko fibromyalgia, da sauransu.

A maimakon haka, dopamine na iya shiga cikin matsalolin rikitarwa, yana haifar da halin halayuri mai haɗari. A cikin wannan ma'anar, Correa ya nuna cewa abubuwanda suke amfani da kwayar cutar dopamine wanda aka yi amfani da ita a halin yanzu a cikin maganin jarabawa bazai yi aiki ba saboda rashin kulawa da ya dace da rashin fahimtar aikin dopamine.

Hohn D. Salamone, Mercè Correa. Ayyuka masu kyawawan dabi'u na ƙwayar Mesolimbic. Neuron, 2012; 76 (3): 470 DI: 10.1016 / j.neuron.2012.10.021