Barazana ga Lafiyar Hauka da Aka Gudanar ta hanyar Aikace-aikacen Saduwa Amfani tsakanin Maza masu Yin Jima'i da Maza (2020)

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, aikace-aikacen neman sadarwar hannu (DAs) ya zama sananne a duk duniya, yana canza yadda mutane suke kulla dangantaka ta kut da kut, da neman abokan zama. Kodayake adadi mai kama da na mata da maza (1) yi amfani da aikace-aikacen wayar hannu ta hanyar sadarwar yanar gizo domin saduwa, akwai wani nau'ikan "manhajojin" da aka keɓance musamman ga maza da mata da ba na maza ba (2) kamar su Grindr, Romeo, Hornet, ko Adam4Adam.

A cikin wannan nazarin labarin, mun gabatar (a cikin sashin halaye da lafiyar hankali na MSM waɗanda ke Amfani da Wayoyin hannu) halin ilimin yau da kullun game da ilimin zamantakewar al'umma da lafiyar hankali na maza masu yin jima'i da maza (MSM) ta amfani da aikace-aikacen da aka ambata, suna gabatar da fa'idodin duka ( ƙananan ƙyama, haɓaka haɓakar abokin tarayya) da kuma barazanar (misali, fallasawa ga halayen halayen haɗari) haɗe da amfani da DAs. Bayan haka, zamu nuna mahimman batutuwan da suka kunno kai da mahimmancin zamantakewar al'umma kamar su (a cikin ɓangaren Abuse da Amfani da Magungunan Jima'i tsakanin MSM Wanda ke Amfani DAs) yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ta hanyar jima'i [SDU; (3)], wanda aka lakafta shi a matsayin "chemsex," kuma (a cikin sashe Me Mun sani Game da CSBD Daga cikin MSM Wanda ke Amfani da DAs) rikicewar halayen halayen jima'i [CSBD; (4)], waɗanda ba a bincika su sosai ba har yanzu tare da masu amfani da MSM DAs. A ƙarshe (a cikin ɓangaren Tattaunawa), muna tattauna iyakancewar karatun da muke da shi da kuma ba da shawarwari game da bincike na gaba.

Hanyar da abubuwa

Bayanin Binciken Adabi

Don manufar wannan nazarin wallafe-wallafen, mun bincika ɗakunan bayanai na Masanin Google don takaddun kimiyya waɗanda aka buga a cikin mujallolin da aka duba takwarorinsu. Gabaɗaya, mun dawo da labarai 4,270 da aka buga tsakanin 2010 da 2020 (an gudanar da binciken a watan Yunin 2020). Kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su a binciken bayanan sun hada da "maza masu yin lalata da maza" da "lafiyar hankali." Bayan banda karatu game da kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV, abubuwan 189 ne kawai suka rage. Bugu da ari, mun taƙaita ikon zuwa DAs, wanda ya haifar da abubuwan 59, galibi waɗanda muke gabatarwa a cikin wannan bita. An kimanta taken da takaddun abubuwan da aka dawo da su, kuma an zaɓi abubuwan da suka cancanta don nazarin cikakken rubutu. Takaddun rubuce-rubuce na musamman sun haɗa idan (a) karatun da aka mayar da hankali kan rukunin MSM, (b) karatun da aka mai da hankali kan sadarwar kan layi da aikace-aikacen hanyoyin sadarwar ƙasa, (c) nazarin da aka mai da hankali kan lamuran lafiyar ƙwaƙwalwa da sakamakon psychosocial da ke tattare da amfani da DA, aka buga su cikin Turanci. Ba a cire kasidu idan (a) karatu sun fi mayar da hankali ne kan lafiyar jima'i (inganta lafiyar jima'i, HIV, da sauran rigakafin STDs) ko (b) rubutun ya dogara ne akan nazarin shari'ar, nazarin sahihanci, ko binciken ƙwarewa.

Halaye da Lafiyar Hauka na MSM Waɗanda ke Amfani da Wayoyin hannu

Matsalolin da ake samu na neman abokiyar soyayya ko jima'i a cikin galibi al'umman da ke tattare da bambancin dabi'a sune, a wani babban mataki, an saukake ta hanyar tashar yanar gizo, inda al'ummomin LGBT za su iya karɓar tallafi da shiga hulɗa cikin sauƙi (5). Saduwa ta kan layi ta zama magani don ƙarancin abokin tarayya, keɓancewar jama'a, da nuna bambanci (6).

Bincike ya nuna cewa mutane masu saurin haɗuwa suna fuskantar rashin haƙuri ko yarda, kuma kusan 20% daga cikinsu ana wulakanta saboda yanayin jima'i (7). Wannan na iya ba da gudummawa ga mafi girman matakan danniya da nuna kyama, wanda hakan ke da alaƙa da haɗari mafi girma don kewayon cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa (8). Bugu da ƙari, baƙin ciki yana da alaƙa da ƙananan damuwa a cikin yawan LGBT (9). Ficarancin tallafi na zamantakewar al'umma, cin zarafi, da kuma nunawa ga tashin hankali suna da alaƙa mafi ƙarfi tare da rashin lafiyar hankali a cikin ƙungiyar LGBT idan aka kwatanta da ƙungiyar maza da mata (10). Bincike (11) wanda aka gudanar akan samfurin LGBT da wakilin maza da mata (n = 222,548) ya nuna cewa mahalarta ba-maza ba, idan aka kwatanta da wadanda ba 'yan mata ba ne, suna fuskantar matsi mafi girma a tsawon rayuwarsu kuma alaƙar da suke da ita ga al'ummar yankin suna da rauni. Binciken da aka samo yana nuna cewa, dangane da takwarorinsu na maza da mata, ɗan luwaɗi da mazan da suka shafi maza sun fi sau 1.5-3 saurin fuskantar damuwa, damuwa, da rikicewar amfani da abu (12), kuma mafi kusantar yunƙurin kashe kansa (13). Sauraron aure yana taimaka wa sakamako a cikin lafiyar hankali na MSM, alal misali, a cikin fasalin cutarwa kan zaman lafiya (14), karancin yarda da kai, da kaɗaici (15).

Dangane da keɓancewar jama'a na ƙungiyoyin MSM, samun damar DAs yana ba da dandamali don kafa kyakkyawar ma'amala ta zamantakewa da jima'i (16) da kuma hanyar nuna maganganu na jima'i inda aka rage barazanar zama wani abun nuna wariya, ra'ayoyi, da nuna kyama (6). Babban yawan amfani da DAs, tare da haɗuwa da ƙimar yawan rashin lafiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a cikin ƙungiyar MSM, na iya zama dalilin da ya sa wannan rukunin ya fi yawan karatunsa dangane da hulɗar kan layi.

A mafi kyawun iliminmu, akwai nazari na yau da kullun guda biyu (17, 18) bincika halaye na zamantakewar zamani da halayen haɗari masu haɗari tsakanin MSM ta amfani da aikace-aikacen sadarwar zamantakewar ƙasa. MSM ƙananan ƙananan mutane ne [5-7% na maza; (16)]. Dukansu Anzani et al. (18) da kuma Zou da Fan (17), ya nuna cewa matsakaicin shekarun masu amfani DAs ya kasance tsakanin shekaru 25 zuwa 35, kuma idan aka kwatanta da wadanda ba masu amfani ba, suna da matakin ilimi da kudaden shiga kuma sun bayar da rahoton mafi yawan haduwar jima'i a cikin 'yan watannin da suka gabata da kuma rayuwa hangen zaman gaba. Landovitz et al. (19) ya kammala cewa har zuwa 56% na masu amfani da MSM DAs sun sadu da abokan jima'i a cikin watanni 3 da suka gabata kawai ta hanyar Grindr (mashahuri app). Hakanan maza waɗanda ba maza da mata ba sune mafi girman rukuni masu amfani da DA don yin jima'i don dalilai na jima'i (18). MSM ta amfani da DAs suna yin ma'amala ta dubura mai kariya (duka mai karɓa da sakawa) tare da abokan zama waɗanda ba a san matsayin HIV ba fiye da masu amfani da aikace-aikacen, yawanci ƙarƙashin tasirin kwayoyi ko barasa yayin jima'i (18).

Mafi yawan karatun (17, 19, 20) akan masu amfani da aikace-aikacen MSM sun fi mai da hankali kan lafiyar jima'i, musamman akan HIV da yaɗuwa da rigakafin wasu cututtukan STD, fiye da lafiyar hankali. Binciken kwanan nan (6) a kan masu amfani da Grindr ya nuna cewa yawan amfani da DAs yana da alaƙa da ƙarancin halayyar mutum da zamantakewar sa, kuma wasu mahalarta sun ba da rahoton alamun alamun jaraba akan tsawan lokacin amfani. Zervoulis (2) ya tabbatar da cewa yawan amfani da DAs yana da alaƙa da keɓancewa mafi girma, ƙarancin fahimta game da mallakar al'umma, da ƙarancin gamsuwa na rayuwa. Duncan et al. (21) ya gano cewa masu amfani da aikace-aikacen MSM sun ba da rahoton ƙarancin bacci (34.6% na masu amsawa) da kuma ɗan gajeren lokacin bacci (43.6% na masu amsa), waɗanda ke da alaƙa da alamun bayyanar cututtuka, shiga cikin al'aura mara kariya, da kuma shan barasa da shan ƙwayoyi. Bugu da ƙari, kadaici ya zama kamar yana da alaƙa daidai da raba bayanan sirri ta hanyar gay DAs (2). Sabanin haka, ana iya kiyaye kyakkyawar tasiri kan yarda da kai ta hanyar jima'i a cikin rukunin LGBT na mutanen da ke haɗa junan su ta hanyar dijital (22). MSM waɗanda yawanci suke neman abokan hulɗa ta amfani da DAs suna da ƙwarewa mafi girma da gamsuwa da rayuwa fiye da maza masu neman alaƙar jima'i. A cikin ƙungiyar MSM waɗanda ke neman ban da jima'i (misali, alaƙar soyayya ko abokantaka), amfani da DAs na iya haifar da damuwa saboda rashin buƙata ta kusanci ()2).

Neman sha'awar jima'i (SSS), wanda aka bayyana azaman motsawa don abubuwan ban sha'awa na abubuwan jima'i (23), an nuna cewa yana da alaƙa mai ƙarfi na halayen haɗari (23-25). Babban ƙarfin SSS yana da alaƙa da haɗin gwiwa tare da adadi mafi girma na abokan hulɗar jima'i da aka haɗu ta hanyar DAs, mafi girman yiwuwar kasancewa mai ɗauke da kwayar cutar HIV, da kuma mafi yawan saduwa ta dubura, gami da ma'amala ba tare da kwaroron roba ba kuma a cikin karɓar matsayi (23-25). Matsayi na matsakaici na SSS a cikin alaƙa tsakanin amfani da intanet da halayen haɗarin haɗari mai haɗari a cikin ƙungiyar MSM an gano (20). Har ila yau, an gano SSS a matsayin mai daidaita tsakanin yin amfani da giya ko kwayoyi kafin yin jima'i da kuma yawan haɗuwar jima'i ta dubura tsakanin MSM (26).

Abun Abubuwa da Amfani da Magungunan Jima'i tsakanin MSM waɗanda ke Amfani da DAs

Wani fannin ilimin ilimin MSM wanda ya dace game da shi shine cin zarafin abu, musamman yayin jima'i. Amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin ƙungiyar MSM ya fi na kowa yawa (8), kamar yadda shan abubuwa masu halayyar kwakwalwa na iya zama martani na gwaji ga ko dabarun jurewa ga keɓancewar jama'a (27). Maza da ba maza ba maza sun fi sau 1.5-3 saurin fuskantar barazanar shaye-shaye da kuma amfani da haramtattun abubuwa idan aka kwatanta da maza da mata maza da yawa (12). Nazarin ya nuna cewa 30% (28) ko ma 48% (19) na aikace-aikacen amfani da MSM yana cikin maye da / ko kwayoyi yayin jima'i a cikin watan da ya gabata. Aikace-aikacen amfani da MSM idan aka kwatanta da wanda ba shi da amfani ta hanyar amfani da MSM, ya ba da rahoton ƙimar 59.3-64.6% mafi girma na hodar iblis, ecstasy, methamphetamine, da kuma amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyi, da kuma yawan shan giya a rayuwa (29, 30). MSungiyar MSM tana da damar yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ta hanyar jima'i (SDU). SDU kuma ana kiranta da "chemsex," wanda aka ayyana azaman amfani da takamaiman (misali, methamphetamine, ecstasy, GHB) kafin ko yayin shirin jima'i don sauƙaƙewa, farawa, tsawaita, dorewa, da haɓaka haɗuwar jima'i (31, 32). Binciken kwanan nan (32), wanda ya dogara da karatun 28, yayi kiyasin yaduwar sha'anin chemsex tsakanin MSM tsakanin 4 da 43% ya danganta da yawan mutanen da aka tantance (daga saitunan asibiti zuwa birane).

Chemsex yana haɗuwa da kasancewa cikin doguwar jima'i kuma tare da yawancin abokan tarayya waɗanda ba a san matsayin HIV ba (33). Haɗuwa da raba allura, halayyar jima'i ba tare da kwaroron roba ba kuma kasancewa a ƙarƙashin tasirin kwayoyi yana haɓaka watsa STDs (34). Gaskiyar cewa chemsex yana haɗuwa da mummunan sakamako na lafiyar hankali kuma yana iya haifar da mummunan sakamako na psychosocial shine batun damuwa (35). Wasu rahotanni (31, 36, 37) ya bayyana yanayin da mahalarta MSM chemsex suka sami matsala mai tsanani, alamomin hauka, gajeren lokaci, damuwa, rashi ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na dogon lokaci, da canjin hali.

Nazarin ya nuna cewa abu ne gama gari tsakanin MSM don amfani da aikace-aikace ba kawai don yin ayyukan jima'i ba, har ma ga ƙungiyoyin jima'i, galibi ana haɗa su da shan ƙwayoyi (38). Misali, a cikin Thailand, kashi 73% na ƙungiyar MSM suna amfani da DA don dalilai na jima'i, kazalika don gayyatar abokan tarayya cikin aikin miyagun ƙwayoyi, tare da tasirin 77% na ƙimar gayyatar (39). Bugawa ta kwanan nan (40) yana bayar da bayanan da ke nuna cewa MSM suna amfani da aikace-aikacen cibiyar sadarwar ƙasa (a) don sayen ƙwayoyi kafin shiga cikin yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, (b) sayar da jima'i a musayar magunguna, (c) shirya jima'i da wani wanda ba za su taɓa yin jima'i da shi ba mai hankali, da (d) neman abokan amfani da abu. Patten et al. (40) Ya kammala da cewa akwai dangantaka tsakanin shiga cikin harkar saduwa da mata da amfani da DA tsakanin MSM.

Kodayake chemsex ra'ayi ne na zamantakewar jama'a, ana iya ɗaukar shi sabon nau'i na jaraba ga abubuwan jima'i da aka haifar da haɓaka ta abubuwa masu larura da haɓaka ta aikace-aikacen cibiyar sadarwar ƙasa. Karatu na gaba yakamata suyi nazari idan za'a iya fahimtar mace da namiji a matsayin haɗuwar cuta ta amfani da abu da kuma rikicewar halayyar jima'i (duba Figure 1) ko kuma wani mahaɗan daban.

Figure 1. Gabatar da chemsex a matsayin mahaɗan daban (A) kuma azaman haɗin rikicewar amfani da abu da rikicewar halayen halayen jima'i (B).

Me muka sani game da CSBD tsakanin MSM waɗanda ke Amfani da DAs

Rashin halayyar halayyar jima'i mai haɗari (CSBD), an haɗa shi a kwanan nan a cikin sake duba 11th na Internationalungiyar Rashin Internationalasa ta Duniya (ICD-11) wanda Healthungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya ta buga (4), ana nuna shi da yanayin ɗabi'a wanda mutum (a) ya shagaltar da maimaita jima'i wanda ya zama babban abin da ya shafi rayuwar sa har zuwa rashin kulawa da lafiya da kulawar kai ko wasu buƙatu, ayyuka, da kuma nauyi; (b) yayi ƙoƙari da yawa ba tare da nasara ba don sarrafawa ko rage halayen maimaita jima'i; (c) ci gaba da kasancewa cikin halayen jima'i duk da mummunan sakamako; da (d) ci gaba da yin halayyar jima'i koda kuwa lokacin da ta sami ɗan kaɗan ko babu gamsuwa daga gare ta (4). Bayyanar dabi'un halin yau da kullun game da CSBD shine amfani da batsa mai rikitarwa tare da al'aura mai tilasta, kuma kwanan nan wakilin rahoton kai rahoto a cikin Amurka (41) da Poland (42) ya nuna cewa 9-11% na maza da 3% na mata, ba tare da la'akari da yanayin jima'i ba, sun fahimci kansu kamar lalata batsa. Yin amfani da karfi na ayyukan jima'i ko haɗuwar haɗari na yau da kullun suma galibi ne tsakanin mutanen da ke biyan ƙa'idodin CSBD (43).

Sanin CSBD a cikin ICD-11 ya haifar da tambaya game da yawanta tsakanin al'ummar MSM kuma musamman tsakanin MSM ta amfani da DAs. Abin baƙin cikin shine, ba a yi cikakken nazarin CSBD ba a cikin ƙungiyar MSM har yanzu. Littattafai a kan yawan jama'a sun sami kyakkyawar ƙungiya tsakanin amfani da aikace-aikacen sadarwar zamantakewar ƙasa da CSBD, yana nuna cewa masu amfani da aikace-aikacen hanyar sadarwar ƙasa (idan aka kwatanta da yawan jama'a na yanar gizo) sun fi dacewa matasa, ba maza da mata ba. Koyaya, sakamakon binciken kwanan nan (44) a kan masu amfani da aikace-aikacen sadarwar zamantakewar al'umma sun saba da binciken farko kuma suna ba da shawarar cewa shahararrun waɗannan aikace-aikacen ya karu tsakanin maza da mata.

Ko ta yaya, yawancin bayanan suna nuna DAs sun fi shahara tsakanin MSM fiye da sauran ƙungiyoyi, kuma yawan amfani da su na iya haifar da haɗarin haɗarin ci gaban CSBD. Hakanan, yana yiwuwa DAs na iya sauƙaƙe saduwar jima'i da neman sabon abu a fagen jima'i (musamman tsakanin mutane masu sha'awar neman jima'i), mai yiwuwa bayar da gudummawa ga ci gaban CSBD aƙalla a cikin wasu batutuwa. Hakanan mawuyacin dangantaka yana yiwuwa: daidaikun mutane tare da CSBD na iya yuwuwar amfani da DAs saboda suna sauƙaƙe saduwar jima'i. Wannan yankin binciken da ba shi da ci gaba yana da mahimmancin mahimmanci, kamar yadda a tsakanin MSM wanda ya sadu da abokan jima'i ta hanyar Intanet, CSBD yana haɗuwa da mafi girma na shiga cikin halayen haɗarin cutar HIV (45).

Sharuɗɗan bincike na CSBD da aka bayyana a cikin ICD-11 (4) zai sauƙaƙe bincike a nan gaba game da wannan ɗabi'ar tsakanin MSM, wanda hakan kuma da fatan zai haifar da samun cikakken hoto game da hulɗar tsakanin CSBD, rikicewar amfani da abu da kuma irin abubuwan da suka faru kamar chemsex da DAs amfani tsakanin al'ummar MSM

tattaunawa

A cikin wannan bita labarin, mun yi niyyar gabatar da bincike kan binciken da ke nazarin lafiyar hankali tsakanin MSM ta amfani da DAs. Mun fi mayar da hankali kan fannonin da ke haɗuwa da amfani da abu da halayen haɗari masu haɗari kamar yadda MSM da alama ta kasance mai saurin fuskantar barazanar a wannan yankin. Bayanai da aka samo akan lafiyar hankali da farko suna bayyana yawan rikicewar tunanin mutum (ɓacin rai, damuwa, rikicewar ɗabi'a) tsakanin MSM. A takaice, waɗannan bayanan sun nuna cewa, idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba masu amfani ba, MSM ta amfani da DAs suna ba da rahoton ƙarancin fahimta game da kasancewar al'umma, keɓancewa mafi girma, rashin gamsuwa da rayuwa, da kuma rashin ingancin bacci (2, 21). Theyamar da wariyar da ƙungiyar MSM ta fuskanta na iya zama bayani mai yiwuwa ne game da yawan amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi na shakatawa a cikin wannan rukunin fiye da na yawan jama'a. Bugu da ƙari, bisa ga binciken da aka yi a baya wanda aka bincika a sama, da alama halayen haɗari na haɗari tsakanin MSM ta amfani da DAs ba za a iya raba su da zagi ba. DAs na iya sauƙaƙe neman abokan jima'i, kuma yawan saduwa da jima'i ta hanyar layi ana haɗuwa da su tare da amfani da ƙwayoyi. Yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi na jima'i yana iya haɗuwa da haɗarin haɗarin yin amfani da ƙwayoyin polydrug, halayen haɗari masu haɗari, watsa STDs, tsananin halayyar halayyar mutum, baƙin ciki na ɗan gajeren lokaci, damuwa, har ma da halayyar kwakwalwa ko canje-canje a cikin hali (35). A halin yanzu, ba a san komai game da yaduwar CSBD tsakanin masu amfani da MSM DAs ba, kuma har yanzu ba a san irin tasirin da ke tsakanin mace da mace da CSBD ba ko za a iya fahimtarsa ​​azaman halayyar ɗabi'a da ke tsaye a haɗe da CSBD da rikicewar amfani da abu. Akwai bayanai (44) ya nuna cewa yawan amfani da DA na iya zama haɗarin haɗari ga CSBD. Neman sha'awar jima'i na iya zama mahimmin dangantaka kuma har ma ya haifar da ci gaban CSBD da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ta hanyar jima'i. A gefe guda kuma, ga mutanen da suka riga sun inganta CSBD, aikace-aikacen hanyoyin sadarwar ƙasa na iya samar da tushen ƙawancen abokan jima'i da abubuwan kwarewa.

Ya kamata a lura da ratayoyi da yawa game da ilimin game da karatun yanzu game da halayyar mutum da na jima'i na MSM ta amfani da DAs, kuma yakamata a dauke su mahimman manufofi don bincike na gaba Table 1).

Table 1. Shawarwari don nazarin gaba game da lafiyar hankali da jima'i tsakanin masu amfani da DAs.

Yana da mahimmanci a ambaci cewa ana iya amfani da aikace-aikacen hannu don inganta lafiyar hankali, da don rigakafi ko shirye-shiryen warkewa (46). Ameri et al. (47) ya nuna cewa tsoma baki na gajeren lokaci dangane da aikace-aikacen wayar hannu da aika sako zai iya rage yawan amfani da sinadarin methamphetamine, saduwa da saduwa ta dubura, da kuma yada kwayar cutar HIV tsakanin MSM. Wani misali na sa hannun rage cutarwa na amfani da miyagun kwayoyi shine aikace-aikacen Jamusanci "C: KYL" ("Chems: Sanin Iyakanku"). C: KYL na nufin rage haɗarin mummunan sakamako mai haɗari kamar rarrabuwa da yawan wuce gona da iri ta hanyar sa ido kan shan ƙwayoyi yayin zaman chemsex. Gabaɗaya, dabarun mHealth suna da tasiri mai tasiri akan halayyar haɓaka kiwon lafiya, halartar alƙawari, da kuma isa ga bayanai kuma na iya gabatar da ingantacciyar hanya don haɓaka lafiyar hankali da rigakafin idan sun samar da ingantattun dabaru ga ƙungiyar MSM (48, 49).

gazawar

Wannan bita wani bincike ne na farko wanda ke nuna ƙungiyoyi na amfani da DAs da al'amuran lafiyar hankali tsakanin MSM. Koyaya, ya kamata a lura da mahimmancin gazawar aikin yanzu. Na farko, akwai iyakantattun karatu a kan aikin halayyar MSM ta amfani da DAs. Wannan gaskiyane ga CSBD, wanda shine sabon sashen bincike. Mafi yawan binciken da suka gabata sunyi nazarin bangarorin inganta lafiyar jima'i, har zuwa yanzu, babban abin da ake buƙata a cikin ƙungiyar MSM shine rigakafin HIV da sauran STIs. Na biyu, nazarinmu ya ƙunshi karatun da ke mayar da hankali kawai ga ƙungiyar maza da mata. Barazanar lafiyar kwakwalwa ta DAs tsakanin maza da mata maza da mata sun faɗi a waje da ƙididdigar rubutun yanzu. Na uku, yin amfani da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikace da kafofin watsa labarun don haɓaka lafiyar ƙwaƙwalwa da kuma rigakafin rikicewar hankali ba shine batun nazarinmu ba. Nazarin gaba yakamata ya binciki keɓaɓɓun dama don haɓaka lafiyar hankali wanda aikace-aikacen Dating (da sauran), kazalika da kafofin watsa labarun da dandamali na dandalin sada zumunta, suka kawo [duba (50)]. Aƙarshe, tunaninmu cewa chemsex na iya kasancewa haɗin CSBD kuma amfani da abu bai inganta ba. Ya kamata a dauki wannan zato a matsayin wahayi da kuma gayyata zuwa bincike na gaba.

karshe

Matsalolin lafiyar ƙwaƙwalwa na farko (misali, ƙyama, keɓewar jama'a, CSBD) na iya ƙaddara mutane su nemi abokan tarayya ta kan layi sannan kuma su bayyana cikin halayen haɗari na jima'i. Haɗuwa da saduwa ta kan layi na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako na rashin lafiyar ƙwaƙwalwa kamar baƙin ciki ko amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ta hanyar jima'i. Gano abubuwan haɗarin halayyar halayyar mutum da halin da suke haɗuwa da amfani da DAs na iya sauƙaƙa ingantaccen fahimtar damuwar lafiyar hankali tsakanin MSM. Hakanan DAS na iya samun tasiri mai tasiri kan aikin zamantakewar MSM dangane da wadatar yawan masu yin jima'i ko abokan soyayya, ƙaruwa da karɓar kai, da yarda da kai. Duk da wasu fa'idodi, Dating na kan layi yana da alaƙa da haɗari masu yawa da yawa a fannin lafiyar hankali. Saboda wannan, karatun gaba yakamata yakamata ya mai da hankali kan cigaban rigakafi da maganin warkewa wanda ya dace da ƙungiyar MSM da tsarinsu na amfani da hanyar sadarwar yanar gizo.

Marubucin Mataimaki

KO da MG sun haɓaka ra'ayin don takardar kuma sun tsara abin da aka tsara. KO da KS sun shirya nazarin wallafe-wallafen. KO, KS, KL, da MG sun halarci rubutun hannu. Duk marubutan sun ba da gudummawa ga labarin kuma sun amince da sigar da aka ƙaddamar.

kudade

MG ya sami tallafi daga kyautar kyauta daga Gidauniyar Swartz.

Rikici na Interest

Mawallafa sun bayyana cewa an gudanar da binciken ne a cikin babu wata kasuwanci ko kudi da za a iya ɗauka a matsayin mai rikici na sha'awa.