Kev Tiv Thaiv hauv Internet Raws Li Cwj Pwm Cwm Pwm nyob rau Cov Tub Kawm Ntawv Kev Kho Mob (2016)

 

1 Koom nrog cov xibfwb, kws kho mob hlwb, Lub Chaw Tshawb Fawb Rau Lub Cev Puas Hlwb thiab Cwj Pwm Kev Kawm, Lub Chaw Haujlwm Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Tsev Kawm Ntawv Tshuaj, Shiraz, Iran
2 Kws kho mob dav dav, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Tsev Kawm Ntawv Tshuaj, Shiraz, Iran
3 Pab xibfwb, Kws Qhia Ntawv Neuroscientist, Lub Chaw Haujlwm Tshawb Fawb Rau Kev Puas Hlwb thiab Cwj Pwm Kev Kawm, Lub Chaw Haujlwm Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Tshuaj, Shiraz, Iran
4 Yaam Kws Tshawj, Lub Txhawj Haujlwm Kws Dlejnum, Fasa University Of Medical Sciences, Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Tshuaj, Fasa, Iran
* Tus Sau Txoj Cai: Arvin Hedayati, Tus Pabcuam xibfwb, Chav Haujlwm Psychiatry, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Tsev Kawm Ntawv Tshuaj, Fasa, Iran. Xov tooj: + 98-9381079746, Fax: + 98-7136411723, E-mail: [email tiv thaiv].
 
Shiraz E-Medical Journal. 2016 Lub Kaum Hli; Hauv Xovxwm (Hauv Xov): e41149, DOI: 10.17795 / semj41149
Tshooj Lus: Tshawb Fawb Lus; Tau txais: Aug 9, 2016; Hloov: Sep 11, 2016; Tau txais: Oct 17, 2016; epub: Oct 19, 2016; ppub: Oct 2016

Abstract

Tom qab: Is Taws Nem tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej niaj hnub, nws tau muab ntau yam teeb meem coj los ua. Qee qhov kev coj cwj pwm, xws li kev tshaj tawm kev siv xov xwm hauv zej zog, kuaj email ntau zaus, kev twv txiaj hauv online ntau dhau, kev yuav khoom thiab kev twv txiaj, thiab saib cov duab liab qab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub ntawm qee tus neeg. Cov kws tshawb fawb sib txawv tau kawm txog kev xav hauv lub hlwb zoo li kev ua kom tsis txhob muaj lub zog, kev ntxhov siab thiab kev ntxhov siab hauv kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet.

Cov hom phiaj: Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev kawm no yog txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas kev sib txuas ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet thiab kev sib txawv ntawm cov cwm pwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais kho mob.

Txoj kev: Hauv tus ntoo khaub lig no, ntu kev kawm lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau ntsuas txhua 687medical cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv kho mob ntawm Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. 364 cov tub ntxhais kawm tau qhia lawv qhov kev sib cav rau kev koom nrog qhov kev tshawb fawb los ntawm kev teb daim ntawv pom zoo. Thaum kawg 278 cov lus nug siv tau raug sau. Lawv tau teb rau cov lus nug ntawm cov pej xeem nyob rau hauv cov lus nug xws li hnub nyoog, poj niam txiv neej, txij nkawm, cov tub ntxhais kawm kev nkag, xyoo nkag mus hauv tsev kawm ntawv, tsev kawm ntawv qhov chaw nyob thiab tseem muaj kev sim tshuaj rau hauv internet thiab NEO tsib yam khoom muaj luv luv daim ntawv (NEO-FFI) yog ntim.

tau: 55% ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom qhia kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj, muaj kev faib tawm ntawm 51.4% mob me, 2.9% mob hnyav thiab 0.4% kev quav loj. Kev quav yeeb yaj kiab hauv Is Taws Nem thiab cov xeeb ceem ntawm qhov ua ntxiv (Cov sib txheeb coefficient = -0.118, P = 0.05), kev pom zoo (qhov sib hloov coefficient = -0.379, P = 0.001) thiab kev nco qab (qhov sib txheeb ntawm coefficient = -0.21, P = 0.001), pom qhov tseem ceeb kev sib raug zoo tsis sib xws, tab sis nws cov lus sib txuam nrog cov neuroticism (Cov sib txheeb sib hloov = = 0.2, P = 0.001) tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov qhab nia kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob rau lub semester tsib thiab kaum ib ua ntej kev soj ntsuam sim keeb kwm (26.52 ± 9.8) thiab kev xeem ua ntej (xyaum ua haujlwm) (28.57 ± 19.2) tau siab dua lwm xyoo kev kawm.

Cov lus xaus: Qhov dav dav ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv Is Taws Nem hauv txoj kev kawm no tau siab dua piv rau cov kev tshawb fawb zoo sib xws hauv lwm qhov chaw uas ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog qhov teeb meem zoo li cas. Muaj kev siv internet ntau ntxiv ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv 4th thiab 10th lub semester qhia txog kev xav tau kev kawm tau zoo txhawm rau txhawm rau daws kev ntxhov siab hauv qhov mob tseem ceeb thiab tseem ua rau kev kawm tau zoo. Kev sib txheeb ntawm qee qhov ntawm cov xeeb ceem ntawm kev siv nrog kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj, qhia tias pib soj ntsuam cov tub ntxhais kawm kho mob tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev ntsuas cov cuab yeej thiab cim cov neeg uas muaj pheej hmoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua pov thawj qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov hau kev zoo rau kev pib ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv.

keywords: Tus Cwj Pwm; Cwm pwm; Ntiag Tug Cov Lus Nug

1. Tom qab

 

 

Is Taws Nem raws li lub network loj loj uas muaj ntau lab tus kheej, pej xeem, kev kawm, kev lag luam, thiab tsoomfwv cov peev txheej los ntawm hauv zos mus rau thoob ntiaj teb, muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub neej ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg tus cwj pwm thiab kev xav (1)). Cov tub ntxhais hluas yog cov neeg siv internet ntau tshaj plaws, uas ntawm lawv cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm yog ib pawg muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet (2).

Cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv pom lub neej tshiab zoo li siv tsis tau rau kev kawm thiab siv internet, portable mini-computers thiab xov tooj ntawm tes. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tswj hwm ntawm niam txiv tsawg dua, ua rau lub siab nyob ib leeg thiab cais ua rau kev nyuaj siab thiab ntxhov siab. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qee tus yam ntxwv xws li nrhiav kev tshiab, kev sib tw nrog cov phooj ywg thiab cov phooj ywg siab, hem lawv ib yam nkaus li kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hauv internet (3-7).

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet yog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tswj hwm ib qho kev siv internet uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev ntawm ntau yam hauv lub neej (8)). Lub ntsiab lus no tau qhia nyob hauv cov ntawv seem kawg ntawm kev txheeb xyuas kab mob thiab ua tiav phau ntawv ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws (DSM-5) raws li cov kab lus tshiab, kev twv txiaj hauv internet (9).

Kev siv internet sib ntxiv ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab yog qhia tias 16.3% hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm Italian tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, 4% hauv Tebchaws Meskas, 5.9% thiab 17.9% hauv Taiwan, 10.6% hauv Suav thiab 34.7% hauv tebchaws Greece (2, 10-13)). Hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab, muaj qhov sib txheeb ncaj qha los ntawm kev pom tias muaj kev sib raug zoo thiab kev paub txog kev sib raug zoo nrog kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj nrog kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj (14, 15)). Kev muaj yees hauv Is Taws Nem muaj feem xyuam rau lub xeev kev mob hlwb (16)). Dhau ntawm kev muaj internet nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab hauv Iran tau tshaj tawm 10 - 43% (2, 17-19).

Raws li kev coj tus cwjpwm yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev quav tshuaj yeeb tshuaj, nws zoo li qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb rau kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet (20-23)). Hauv txoj kev kawm no, peb lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau ntsuas cov cwj pwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm uas cuam tshuam nrog kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua pov thawj pom qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xav tau rau kev ntsuas tshuaj ntsuas thiab pab tus neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab heev, tshwj xeeb hauv ib puag ncig kev kawm

 

2. Cov hom phiaj

 

 

Kev qhia txog kev nthuav dav ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv Is Taws Nem thiab kom paub txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus xeeb ceem raws li kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj, yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev tshawb no. Qhov kev xav tau yog: 1, cov pej xeem muaj cwj pwm xws li kev sib daj sib deev yuav yog qhov muaj feem phom sij rau kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet; thiab 2, cov kev coj tus cwj pwm tshwj xeeb xws li kev qias neeg tsawg, kev pom zoo tsawg, thiab kev ntseeg siab qis yuav cuam tshuam qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet. Cov kev tshawb nrhiav tam sim no txhawm rau tshawb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm peb yam xws li: tus yam ntxwv, tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev siv Is Taws Nem ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm kho mob.

 

3. Txoj kev

 

 

3.1. Cov neeg koom

Hauv qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kev txiav txim siab tam sim no, tus qauv ntsuas suav nrog txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm kho mob ntawm Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran. Thaum lub sijhawm kawm, 687 cov tub ntxhais kawm kho mob tau kawm hauv Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Ntawm lawv 364 cov tub ntxhais kawm raug npaj siab koom nrog txoj kev kawm no. Thaum kawg, 278 qhov lus nug uas yog siv tau raug sau. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav nyob rau lub semester thib ob ntawm xyoo kawm ntawv 1393 - 1394.

Cov txheej txheem suav tag nrho: Txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm kev kho mob tau kawm hauv 1393 - 1394.

Cov txheej txheem tsis suav: txhua tus neeg uas tsis kam koom nrog txoj kev kawm no.

3.2. Seev

Cov lus nug pej xeem muaj cov lus nug txog hnub nyoog, poj niam txiv neej, txij nkawm, tub ntxhais kawm kev nyob, xyoo nkag, chaw nyob tub ntxhais kawm.

Kev ntsuas tiv thaiv tshuaj hauv Is Taws Nem (IAT) tsim los ntawm Kimberly Young yog tus ntseeg siab thiab siv tau ntsuas kev siv yees hauv Is Taws Nem. Nws muaj ntawm 20 yam muab tso rau ntawm rau rau qhov kev xaiv Likert hom ntawv los ntawm yeej tsis tau = 0 txog ib txwm = 5. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws yog xoom thiab 100, ua ntu zus. Tag nrho cov qhab nia ntawm txhua tus neeg koom tau muab faib ua ib qho ntawm cov chav kawm: noj qab haus huv (tau qhab nia 0 - 19), muaj kev pheej hmoo (qhab nia 20 - 49), kev vam khom pes tsawg (qhab nia 50 - 79) thiab kev vam khom hnyav (qhab nias 80 - 100) (24)). Persian ntawv ntawm cov lus nug no tau siv rau hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no (25).

Qhov sib txawv ua rau kev siv internet raug tshuaj xyuas nyob rau hauv cov lus nug cais tshiab uas muaj cov khoom 10.

Qhov 60-yam khoom NEO Tsib-Yam Khoom Siv (NEO-FFI) tuaj yeem txhais tsib yam hauv paus ntawm cwm pwm. Qhov ntsuas muaj 60 cov khoom tau muab los ntawm tsib-qhov Likert nplai (1 = pom zoo tsis pom zoo rau 5 = pom zoo heev) uas soj ntsuam tsib yam qauv ntawm tus yam ntxwv suav nrog: neuroticism (N), kev pom zoo (A), thiab kev nco qab (C) , kev zam dhau (E) thiab qhib (O) yam (26)). Iranian version ntawm cov lus nug no tau siv rau hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no (26).

3.3. Tus txheej txheem

Txhua tus neeg tuaj yeem koom nrog qhov kev kawm no. Tus kws tshawb nrhiav ntsib cov neeg koom hauv lawv chav kawm. Tom qab cov lus qhia ua ntej txog cov hom phiaj ntawm qhov kev kawm no thiab kev tsis pub lwm tus paub txog kev pom zoo, cov neeg tuaj koom tau hais kom ua tiav cov lus nug xws li daim ntawv nug txog pej xeem, ITA cov lus nug thiab tom qab ntawd NEO-FFI.

 

4. Ntsiab lus

 

 

4.1. Kev Tshawb Fawb

Cov ntaub ntawv nyoos ntawm 278 cov lus nug siv tau raug coj mus rau SPSS version 20 thiab npaj rau kev tsom xam. Lub hnub nyoog nruab nrab ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom yog 21.48 ± 2.59.

39% (n = 108) ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom yog txiv neej thiab 61% (n = 170) yog poj niam. Hauv kev ntsuas qhov chaw nyob, 66% (n = 184) ntawm lawv nyob nrog tsev neeg thiab 34% (n = 94) tau nyob hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm qhov chaw nyob (rooj 1).

Cov lus 1.  

Qhov Ntswg Cov Tib Neeg Uas Muaj Feem Yuav Siv Internet

4.2. Siv Internet

Lub sijhawm ntawm kev siv Is Taws Nem yog 3.81 ± 3.14 teev.

Qhov sib txawv ua rau kev siv internet raug tshuaj xyuas nyob rau hauv cov lus nug cais tshiab uas muaj cov khoom 10. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia nyob rau hauv rooj 1Cov. Kev siv internet ntau tshaj plaws yog kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv network; thiab qhov tsawg kawg yog ua yog online kev ua si thiab sib tham.

4.3. Kev Ntsuam Xyuas ntawm IAT Score

Txheeb xyuas cov tub ntxhais kawm cov lus teb rau IAT, Young tus qauv ntsuas tau raug siv. Kev faib tawm ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj mus rau hauv internet tau zoo li: 45.3% (n = 125) uas yog nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj, 51.4% (n = 143) kev tiv thaiv tsis tshua muaj rau hauv internet, 2.9% (n = 8) muaj yees nruab rau hauv internet thiab 0.4% (n = 1) ) kev quav heev.

Qhov kev ntsuas ntawm kev sib deev qhia tau hais tias cov txiv neej cov qhab nia tau siab dua (M = 27.67, SD = 14.57) tshaj li poj niam (M = 20.34, SD = 13.12). Kev tshuaj xyuas txog kev ywj pheej hais txog IAT cov qhab nia sib txawv raws tus tub los ntxhais (P = 0.001) .IAT tus qhab nia tau nce siab hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm uas nyob nrog tsev neeg (M = 24.34) piv rau cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv (M = 20.92) (P = 0.001). Kev ntsuas ntawm kev muaj txij nkawm qhia tau tias ib tus tub ntxhais kawm IAT txhais tau tias cov qhab nia tau nce siab dua piv rau cov tub ntxhais sib yuav (P = 0.043).

rooj 2 qhia txhais tau tias thiab SD ntawm ITA qhov qhab-nees vim yog los ntawm cov neeg hauv pawg neeg quav. Muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo ntawm cov xuaj moos ntawm kev siv internet thiab cov qhab nia IAT.

Kev sib piv ntawm IAT txhais tau tias cov qhab nia nruab nrab ntawm xyoo sib txawv ntawm kev tuaj kawm qhia tau tias cov tub ntxhais kawm uas kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab hauv 2012 (1391 Hijri) thiab 2008 (1387 Hijri) uas yuav tsum tau koom rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv cov kev xeem thoob plaws hauv tsev kawm, feem qhia tau ntsuas Kev Tshawb Fawb Qib Siab Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab cov kev xeem ua ntej dhau ntawm haujlwm ( P = 0.02).

Cov lus 2.  

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm IAT Cov qhab-nees thiab Cov Ntsuas Ua Tau

4.4. Cwm pwm tus cwj pwm thiab cov yees hauv Internet

Lub Pearson txoj kev txheeb xyuas qhov sib txheeb thiab ntau cov kab tawm tswj tau siv los ntsuas qhov sib txheeb ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm kev coj cwj pwm thiab IAT tag nrho cov qhab nia. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia nyob rau hauv rooj 3Cov. Muaj qhov zoo sib txheeb ntawm cov qhab nia IAT thiab cov neuroticism (N), thiab kev sib txheeb tsis zoo ntawm IAT tus qhab nia thiab, kev pom zoo (A), thiab kev nco qab (C), zam ntxiv (E). Tsis muaj qhov sib raug zoo tau pom ntawm IAT tag nrho cov qhab nia thiab qhov kev paub ntawm tus kheej qhib. Kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm lub luag haujlwm muaj peev xwm ntawm tus cwm pwm hauv kev piav qhia cov teeb meem siv Is Taws Nem, tau ua los ntawm ntau cov kev ntsuas tshuaj ntsuam xyuas. Cov qhab nia IAT tag nrho tau teeb tsa raws li cov qhob hloov tau. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ntau txoj kab ntsuas tawm pov tseg tau txheeb xyuas pom tias tsuas yog tus sau uas tuaj yeem twv tau kev tiv thaiv rau hauv internet yog kev pom zoo (A) uas tuaj yeem twv tau 0.1% ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev siv internet tau suav los ntawm: y = taus + b, yog li twv xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet tuaj yeem be: Y = 46.21 ± 0.762 (Pom Zoo). Cov qhab nia ntawm kev pom zoo tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv cov mis no thiab kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet tuaj yeem kwv yees.

Cov lus 3.  

Correlation Coefficient Ntawm Tus Kheej Cov Cwj Pwm thiab Cov qhab nia IAT

Muaj kev qhia txog kev sib piv ntawm cov xeeb ceem ntawm cov neeg quav thiab cov tsis quav rooj 4Cov. Cov pab pawg uas tsis muaj yees qhia tau pom tias tau qhab nia siab dua hauv kev pom zoo (A), thiab kev ceevfaj (C), kev zam ntxiv (E).

Cov lus 4.  

Txhais tau tias tus cwj pwm tus kheej ntawm Is Taws Nem Raug yees thiab tsis quav cov neeg

 

5. Kev sib tham

 

 

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev tshawb no yog txhawm rau soj ntsuam qhov pheej hmoo ntawm kev quav tshuaj quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm kho mob los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pej xeem, cov tub ntxhais kawm siv Is Taws Nem thiab cov xeeb ceem. Kev nthuav dav dav yog siab dua piv rau lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb zoo sib xws hauv tsev kawm qib siab hauv Iran thiab lwm lub tebchaws. Kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv Internet hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm qib siab tau tshaj tawm tias 4% Tebchaws Asmeskas, 5.9% thiab 17.9% hauv Taiwan, 10.6% hauv Suav thiab 34.7% hauv tim Nkij teb chaws. Hauv lwm qhov Iranian kev kho mob tsev kawm qib siab yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 5.2 txog 22%. (2, 10-13, 17-19, 27)). Txawm hais tias qhov sib txawv no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog kev nce qib ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm lub thev naus laus zis. Qhov no tus nqi sib pauv ntawm internet quav yog txhawj xeeb. Hauv peb txoj kev kawm, qhov kev siv internet feem ntau hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm kho mob tau npaj los tshawb cov ntawv tshawb fawb. Qhov no tau pom zoo nyob rau hauv qhov kev kawm ntawm cov tub ntxhais kho mob (17) txawm hais tias lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv internet ntau hauv lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb yog kev sib tham isthawmnev kev twb kev txuas xws li kev sib tham (10, 27).

Hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no zoo ib yam li lwm qhov kev tshawb nrhiav cov txiv neej ua tiav tau txhais tau tias tau qhab nia ntau dua li poj niam (17, 26, 28)). Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias kev quav dej quav cawv hauv internet tau muaj ntau dua ntawm cov menyuam ntxhais (10, 29) .Txoj lus no tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm tus txiv neej nyiam thiab kev txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv siv tshuab. Kab lis kev cai kuj tseem tuaj yeem muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov tshwm sim ntawd.

Peb txoj kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias qhov qhab nia IA ntau dua yog cov tau nyob nrog tsev neeg piv rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv uas nyob ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm lub tsev. Qhov kev tshawb pom no zoo ib yam li lwm qhov kev tshawb fawb (26)). Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev paub ntau lub luag haujlwm hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm uas nyob ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm qhov chaw nyob vim lawv yuav tsum tswj hwm txhua yam hauv lawv lub neej.

Yog paub zoo uas muaj qhov phom sij uas tau txhais hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no rau IA, yog ib leeg. Hauv lwm qhov kev kawm zoo ib yam, kev muaj tsev neeg tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo thiab sib nrauj yog cov kev pheej hmoo rau kev siv internet (28)). Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm cov qauv coj cwj pwm uas qhia meej txog qhov kev tshawb pom no. Kev online yog muab rau cov tib neeg muaj kev nkag siab thiab kev sib raug zoo uas ua rau muaj kev siv internet (13)). Beyrami li al. kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xav li cas txog kev sib raug zoo thiab kev paub txog kev sib raug zoo-kev xav kho siab rau kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj quav yeeb quav tshuaj nyob hauv internet cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab (15)). Qhov no tau pom zoo hauv shaw qhov kev kawm (14).

Hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no, kev xav txog thawj zaug ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus xeeb ceem raws li kev twv ua ntej rau kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet tau txais ib nrab. Hauv peb qhov kev kawm, muaj qhov zoo sib txheeb ntawm IAT tus qhab nia thiab cov neuroticism (N), thiab kev tsis sib raug zoo ntawm IAT tus qhab nia thiab, kev pom zoo (A), kev tsis nco qab (C), thiab kev hloov kho ntxiv (E). Tsis muaj qhov sib txheeb tau pom tseem ceeb ntawm IAT tag nrho cov qhab nia thiab Openness cwm pwm tsis zoo. Cov kev tshawb fawb sib txawv siv ntau yam kev ntsuam xyuas tus kheej cov cuab yeej. Ntawm cov uas ib tug siv tsib yam qauv thiab peb yam tseem ceeb qauv paub tseeb cov nyhuv ntawm neuroticism (N) rau kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet (29-34)). Cov kev tsis pom zoo ntawm kev pom zoo (A), kev tsis nco qab (C), kev paub ntxiv (E) yog qhov zoo sib xws nrog kev tshawb pom nyob rau lwm txoj kev soj ntsuam kev soj ntsuam tus cwj pwm hauv kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet (20, 30, 31)). Peb qhov kev kuaj ywj pheej hauv tebchaws NEO-FFI qhia tau hais tias pom zoo txaus siab, neuroticism thiab kev xav tau yog qhov kev ntseeg siab tau ntau dua li kev zam thiab qhib rau kev paub thiab kev zam ntxiv (35).

Neuroticism yog qhov muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov kev xav tsis zoo, xws li kev ntxhov siab, ntxhov siab, npau taws nrog kev thev tsis txaus rau kev ntxhov siab lossis qhov tsis zoo. Cov neeg uas tau qhab nia siab nyob hauv neuroticism txhais cov xwm txheej ib txwm ua rau ceeb thiab hem. Cov teeb meem no hauv kev tswj hwm txoj kev xav tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kev muaj peev xwm ntawm kev xav kom meej meej, txiav txim siab, thiab daws qhov teeb meem zoo (36) .Qhov no tuaj yeem yog qhov laj thawj uas cov tib neeg no siv cov kev hloov pauv zoo li kev siv internet hauv kev daws cov teeb meem ntxhov siab. Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia kom pom kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv online ua ntej kev soj ntsuam thaum lub sijhawm xyoo kawm ntawv.

Qhov pom zoo tus cwj pwm zoo yog ib qho kev txaus ntshai qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj quav hauv internet. Cov neeg tsis tshua pom zoo muaj qee qhov teeb meem hauv kev teeb tsa kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus kheej tiag tiag, lossis kev sib koom ua pab pawg ua haujlwm, yog li lawv nyiam siv lawv lub sijhawm dawb mus ncig Is Taws Nem (37, 38) thiab qhov no yog lub hauv paus los ua kom tau raws li lawv tus kheej xav tau.

Lwm tus cwj pwm uas pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig tsis zoo hauv kev twv ua ntej hauv internet yog kev hloov kho. Kev zam ntxiv yog ua los ntawm kev nrhiav mus nrhiav, sib tham, muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo thiab kev vam meej hauv lub neej tiag tiag tab sis cov neeg kawm tau tshaj dhau-siab thiab poob siab. Lawv yog vim li no qhov xav tau ntawm kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig kom nyob rau qib siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau zoo; yog li lawv yuav nyiam tham online nrog lwm tus (39).

Kev ceevfaj tus xeeb ceem tseem yog ib txoj kev tsis zoo tseem ceeb ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet. Yog li cov tub ntxhais kawm uas muaj tus qauv coj tus cwj pwm zoo thiab muaj tus qauv coj los ua piv rau cov neeg tsis tuaj yeem muaj qhov pheej hmoo tsawg rau kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv Is Taws Nem (40).

Ib qho kev pom zoo ntxiv hauv kev tshawb nrhiav no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ntxhov siab xws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev tshawb fawb yooj yim thiab kev sim ua ntej kev xyaum ua haujlwm rau kev siv internet ntau ntxiv. Nws zoo li tias cov tub ntxhais kawm siv qhov kev coj ua tsis zoo no ua qhov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kom dim ntawm cov kev ntxhov siab no. Cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv 4th thiab 10th lub semester yuav tsum tau kawm kom raug thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo txhawm rau daws kev ntxhov siab hauv qhov mob tseem ceeb thiab tseem ua rau kev kawm zoo.

Cov ntaub ntawv no tau ua pov thawj zoo ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm kho mob ntawm kws qhia ntawv kho mob ntawm Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Qee qhov kev txwv hauv qhov kev kawm no yuav tsum raug kos hauv qab. Cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm los ntawm ib qho Iranian Iranian tsev kawm ntawv kho mob; li no, qhov no tuaj yeem txwv nws qhov dav dav. Txawm li cas los xij, tib txoj hauv kev hauv kev siv cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis hauv txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm kho mob hauv Iran tuaj yeem piav qhia qhov tsis tshua muaj neeg tsawg ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv kev siv internet. Nws raug nquahu tias kev soj ntsuam thawj zaug ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm kev kho mob tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ntsuas cov cuab yeej thiab kev txheeb xyuas cov neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo, tuaj yeem ua pov thawj qhov xav tau txoj hauv kev tsim nyog rau kev pib tiv thaiv.

 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Cov kws sau ntawv xav qhia txog lawv txoj kev xav ua tsaug tshaj plaws rau tus lwm thawj coj ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm Shiraz University of Medical Science thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog kev puas siab puas ntsws rau kev pab ua txoj haujlwm no.

Tshooj ntawv

Cov Kev Sau Npe Tus Txheej Txheem: Ali Sahraian tsim txoj kev tshawb no; Seyyed Bozorgmehr Hedayati sau cov ntaub ntawv thiab npaj tsab xov xwm; Arash Mani txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv; Arvin Hedayati tau npaj thiab kho cov lus Askiv ntawm tsab xov xwm.
Teeb meem ntawm kev txaus siab: Tsis muaj tshaj tawm.
Nyiaj Txiag / Kev Txhawb: Txoj kev tshawb no tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Shiraz University of Medical Science raws li cov nyiaj pab menyuam kawm ntawv 4768 / 01 / 01 / 91.

References

  • 1Cov. Cov Hluas KS. Kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv Is Taws Nem ib qho kev soj ntsuam tshiab tshwm sim thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig. Miskas Behav Sci. 2004;48(4): 402-15. [DOI]
  • 2Cov. Mazhari S. Qhov xwm ceev ntawm kev siv internet muaj teeb meem thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov tub ntxhais kawm kho mob, kerman, iran. Addict Health. 2012;4(3-4): 87-94. [PubMed]
  • 3Cov. Koyuncu T, Unsal A, Arslantas D. Kev soj ntsuam kev quav yeeb tshuaj hauv internet thiab kev kho siab nyob hauv tsev kawm theem siab thiab theem siab. J Pak Med Assoc. 2014;64(9): 998-1002. [PubMed]
  • 4Cov. Wu CY, Lee MB, Liao SC, Chang LR. Cov Kev Phom Sij Txaus ntshai ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv cov neeg siv Is Taws Nem: Kev Tshawb Fawb Cov Lus Nug online. PLoS Ib. 2015;10(10): 0137506. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 5Cov. Chang FC, Chiu CH, Lee CM, Chen PH, Miao NF. Cov kwv yees ntawm qhov pib thiab kev siv zog tsis ntev ntawm kev quav yeeb tshuaj hauv internet ntawm cov hluas hauv Taiwan. Addict Behav. 2014;39(10): 1434-40. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 6Cov. Huan VS, Ang RP, Chong WH, Chye S. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev txaj muag rau kev siv internet muaj teeb meem: lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev kho siab. J Psychol. 2014;148(6): 699-715. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 7Cov. Bozoglan B, Demirer V, Sahin I. Kev nyob ib leeg, kev ntseeg tus kheej, thiab kev txaus siab rau lub neej raws li kev twv ua ntej ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv Internet: kev tshawb nrhiav ntu ntawm cov neeg kawm ntawv qib siab hauv Turkish. Scand J Psychol. 2013;54(4): 313-9. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 8Cov. Cov Hluas KS. Kev quav yeeb yaj kiab hauv Is Taws Nem: Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob tshwm sim tshiab. Cyber ​​Psychol Behav. 1998;1(3): 237-44.
  • 9Cov. American Koom Haum Puas Hlwb. Kev kuaj mob thiab ua cov ntawv ntsuas ntawm cov kev puas siab puas ntsws (DSM). 1994.
  • 10Cov. Chou C, Hsiao M. Kev siv Is Taws Nem hauv Internet, siv, txaus siab, thiab txaus siab dhau los: Taiwan cov tub ntxhais kawm tsev kawm qib siab. Nyiaj Edu. 2000;35(1): 65-80.
  • 11Cov. Servidio R. Tshawb nrhiav txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg nyob, cov kev siv Is Taws Nem thiab cov xeeb ceem ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv Is Taws Nem nyob rau hauv ib qho piv txwv ntawm tsev kawm Italian cov tub ntxhais kawm. Com Hum Behav. 2014;35: 85-92.
  • 12Cov. Christakis DA, Moreno MM, Jelenchick L, Myaing MT, Zhou C. Teeb meem kev siv internet hauv Asmeskas cov tub ntxhais kawm qib siab: kev sim qhia. BMC Med. 2011;9: 77. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 13Cov. Frangos CC, Frangos CC, Sotiropoulos I. Teeb Meem Siv Is Taws Nem ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm Greek cov tsev kawm ntawv: ib qho kev siv tshuaj nrog cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev xav tsis zoo, saib duab liab qab, thiab online ua si. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2011;14(1-2): 51-8. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 14Cov. Lej LH, Gant LM. Hauv kev tiv thaiv hauv is taws nem: kev sib raug zoo ntawm Is Taws Nem kev sib txuas lus thiab kev nyuaj siab, kho siab, cia siab rau tus kheej, thiab pom kev sib raug zoo. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2002;5(2): 157-71. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 15Cov. Beyrami M., Movahedi M. Qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov pom tias muaj kev sib raug zoo txhawb zog siab thiab pom tau tias kev sib raug zoo-kev kho siab nrog kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj nyob hauv internet cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm. Kev Ntsej Muag. 2015;3(6): 109-22.
  • 16Cov. Salahian A, Gharibi H, Malekpour N, Salahian N. Tshawb xyuas lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev twv ua ntej ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab kev coj tus cwj pwm hauv kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kho mob thiab tsis kho mob hauv sanandaj hauv 2014. jorjani. 2015;3(2): 46-56.
  • 17Cov. Ghamari F, Mohammadbeigi A, Mohammadsalehi N, Hashiani AA. Kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv Is Taws Nem thiab ua qauv nws cov kev phom sij hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm kho mob, iran. Indian J Psychol Med. 2011;33(2): 158-62. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 18Cov. Hashemian A, Direkvand-Moghadam A, Delpisheh A, Direkvand-Moghadam A. Tshaj ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv hauv Ilam: txoj kev tshawb fawb hla ntu. Cov International Phau Ntawv Xov Xwm Kev Tshawb Xyuas Kab Mob. 2014;1(1): 9-15.
  • 19Cov. Ansari H, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Mohammadi M, Peyvand M, Amani Z, Arbabisarjou A. Kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv Is Taws Nem thiab kev zoo siab ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm txuj ci hauv kev kawm sab qab teb hnub iran. Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Nplai 2016;5(2)
  • 20Cov. Boogar IR, Tabatabaee SM, Tosi J. Cwj pwm kev quav yeeb tshuaj: cov cwm pwm thiab kev xeeb ceem ntawm cov teeb meem puas tseem ceeb? Int J Kev pheej hmoo siab rau Behav Cuam Tshuam 2014;3(3) [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 21Cov. Ozturk C, Bektas M, Ayar D, Ozguven Oztornaci B, Yagci D. Koom Haum Cwj Pwm Cwj Pwm Cwj Pwm thiab Kev Txom Nyem ntawm Is Taws Nem Kev Raug Kab Mob hauv Cov Hluas. Neeg Esxias Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2015;9(2): 120-4. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 22Cov. Xu J, Shen LX, Yan CH, Hu H, Yang F, Wang L, li al. Tus kheej tus cwj pwm cuam tshuam txog kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hluas quav yeeb tshuaj hauv internet: kev tshawb fawb hauv Shanghai, Suav. BMC Public Health. 2012;12: 1106. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 23Cov. Chen Q, Quan X, Lu H, Fei P, Li M. Kev sib piv ntawm tus cwm pwm thiab lwm yam kev mob hlwb ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm uas muaj kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet uas ua thiab tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev sib raug zoo. Shanghai Kws Psychiatry. 2015;27(1): 36-41. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 24Cov. Alavi SS, Eslami M, Meracy MR, Najafi M, Jannatifard F, Rezapour H. Lub hlwb ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hluas hauv internet. Int J Behav Sci. 2010;4(3): 183-9.
  • 25Cov. Mohammadsalehi N, Mohammadbeigi A, Jadidi R, Anbari Z, Ghaderi E, Akbari M. Lub Ntsiab Lus Lub Zog ntawm Persian Lus Tshaj Tawm ntawm Yang Internet Ntxiv rau cov lus nug: Kev Tshawb Fawb Cov Khoom Siv Ntsuas. Int J Kev pheej hmoo siab rau Behav Cuam Tshuam 2015;4(3): 21560. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 26Cov. Anisi J, Majdiyan M, Joshanloo M, Ghoharikamel Z. Kev siv tau zoo thiab kev cia siab ntawm NEO tsib yam kev soj ntsuam (NEO-FFI) rau cov tub ntxhais kawm tsev kawm. Int J Behav Sci. 2011;5(4): 351-5.
  • 27Cov. Salehi M, Khalili MN, Hojjat SK, Salehi M, Danesh A. Nrov txog kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv internet thiab feem cuam tshuam ntawm cov tub ntxhais kho mob los ntawm Mashhad, Iran hauv 2013. Iran liab Cres Med J. 2014;16(5) [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 28Cov. Senormanci O, Saracli O, Atasoy N, Senormanci G, Kokturk F, Atik L. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev quav yeeb yaj kiab hauv Internet nrog kev paub txog tus kheej, tus yam ntxwv, thiab kev nyuaj siab hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm. Compr Psychiatry. 2014;55(6): 1385-90. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 29Cov. Mok JY, Choi SW, Kim DJ, Choi JS, Lee J, Ahn H, li al. Cov kev ntsuas cov chav kawm muaj nyob hauv is taws nem thiab smartphone ntxiv ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm qib siab. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2014;10: 817-28. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 30Cov. Wang CW, Ho RT, Chan CL, Tse S. Tshawb nrhiav tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas hauv Suav nrog kev coj tus cwj pwm hauv Is Taws Nem: kev sib txawv ntawm kev ua si rau kev twv txiaj thiab kev sib tham kev sib tham. Addict Behav. 2015;42: 32-5. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 31Cov. Kuss DJ, Luv GW, Van Rooij AJ, van de Mheen D, Griffiths MD. Kev tiv thaiv cov qauv nyob hauv Is Taws Nem tus qauv thiab tus cwm pwm: tsim kom muaj kev siv tau los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke. Com Hum Behav. 2014;39: 312-21.
  • 32Cov. Ying Ge JS, Zhang J. Tshawb nrhiav ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev quav yeeb yaj kiab hauv internet, kev coj tus cwj pwm thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov laug sab laug hauv nroog. Ntiaj teb J Health Sci. 2015;7(4): 60.
  • 33Cov. Dalbudak E, Evren C. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj hauv Is Taws Nem nrog kev mloog tsis meej hyperactivity tsis meej cov tsos mob hauv Turkish University cov tub ntxhais kawm; kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov xeeb ceem, kev nyuaj siab thiab ntxhov siab. Compr Psychiatry. 2014;55(3): 497-503. [DOI] [PubMed]
  • 34Cov. Zamani BE, Abedini Y, Kheradmand A. Kev quav yeeb yaj kiab hauv Is Taws Nem raws li kev coj cwj pwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm theem siab hauv Kerman, Iran. Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv. 2012;3(3-4): 85-91.
  • 35Cov. Egan V, Deary I, Austin E. Tus NEO-FFI: Kev tsim tawm tshiab Askiv cov cai thiab ib qho kev ntsuas qib qhia tau hais tias N, A thiab C yog ntseeg tau tshaj O thiab E. Neeg txawv txawv. 2000;29(5): 907-20.
  • 36Cov. Goldberg LR. Tus qauv ntawm phenotypic tus cwm pwm. Kuv Psychol. 1993;48(1): 26-34. [PubMed]
  • 37Cov. Tsaws RN, Lounsbury JW. Kev tshawb xyuas ntawm Tsib C thiab nqaim tus yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau kev siv Is Taws Nem. Com Hum Behav. 2006;22(2): 283-93.
  • 38Cov. Buckner JE, Castille C, Cov Ntawv Txiav TL. Tsib Qhov Qauv Qhia ntawm tus cwm pwm thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm siv kev siv thev naus laus zis ntau dhau lawm. Com Hum Behav. 2012;28(5): 1947-53.
  • 39Cov. Yan W, Li Y, Sui N. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv lub neej tsis ntev los no, tus cwj pwm ntawm tus kheej, paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm tsev neeg thiab kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm qib siab. Kev Nyuaj Siab Kev Nyuaj Siab. 2014;30(1): 3-11.
  • 40Cov. Kev soj ntsuam kev pheej hmoo rau kev ua si hauv internet tsis sib haum xeeb: kev sib piv ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj kev twv txiaj, twv txiaj twv txiaj thiab cov kev noj qab haus huv hais txog qhov loj tsib cwm pwm. Euro Kev Tsim Nyog Res. 2013;20(3): 129-36. [DOI] [PubMed]