(L) Dopamine Ua Koj Nyuaj Rau Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tshawb Nrhiav (2009)

Koj puas xav tias zoo li koj muaj yees siv email lossis twitter los yog texting? Koj puas pom tias nws tsis tuaj yeem xav tias tsis pom koj tus email yog tias koj pom tias muaj cov lus hauv koj tus inbox? Koj puas tau ploj mus rau Google los saib txog qee cov ntaub ntawv thiab 30 cov lus tom qab koj paub tias koj twb tau nyeem ntawv thiab txuas, thiab tshawb nrhiav ib lub sijhawm ntev, thiab koj tab tom nrhiav kev sib txawv ntawm ntau yam ua ntej? Cov no yog cov piv txwv ntawm koj qhov system dopamine ntawm haujlwm.

Sau dopamine - Neuro cov kws tshawb fawb tau kawm txog dab tsi lawv hu lub dopamine system ib ntus. Dopamine yog "pom" hauv 1958 los ntawm Arvid Carlsson thiab Nils-Ake Hillarp ntawm lub Tebchaws Lub Plawv Lub Koomhaum ntawm Sweden. Dopamine yog tsim nyob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub hlwb thiab tseem ceeb rau txhua hom hlwb, nrog rau kev xav, tsiv, tsaug zog, xav li cas, mloog, thiab kev siab xav, nrhiav thiab muab nqi zog.

Lub tswvyim hais ua dabneeg - Tej zaum koj tau hnov ​​tias dopamine tswj cov "lub cev" hauv lub hlwb: qhov dopamine ua rau koj muaj kev lom zem, txaus siab, thiab yog li ntawd txhawb koj kom nrhiav tau qee tus cwj pwm, xws li zaub mov, kev pw ua ke, thiab yeeb tshuaj.

Nws yog txhua yam hais txog kev nrhiav - Qhov tseeb tshawb nrhiav, tab sis yog hloov qhov kev pom no. Siv dopamine ua rau peb muaj kev lom zem, qhov kev tshawb xyuas tseeb qhia tias dopamine ua rau kev coj cwj pwm. Dopamine ua rau peb xav, muaj siab, nrhiav, thiab tshawb nrhiav. Nws ua kom peb cov theem kev txhim kho thiab peb tus cwj pwm coj raws li peb lub hom phiaj. (Los ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm lub hauv paus loj yog qhov tseemceeb, lub dopamine search system ua rau peb mob siab rau peb lub ntiajteb, kawm, thiab muaj sia nyob). Nws tsis yog hais txog kev xav tau lub cev xws li khoom noj khoom haus, los yog kev pw ua ke, tab sis kuj txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Dopamine ua rau peb xav paub txog cov tswv yim thiab fuels peb tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv. Cov kev tshawb xyuas tseeb qhia tau hais tias nws yog kev siv tshuaj (cais tawm ntawm dopamine) uas ua rau peb xav zoo siab.

Xav tau vs liking - Raws li Kent Berridge, ob lub tshuab no, "xav" (dopamine) thiab "liking" (opioid) yog sib ntxiv. Qhov kev xav uas peb xav tau ua rau peb ua thiab qhov kev sib tw ua rau peb xav tias peb txaus siab thiab yog li ntawd ncua peb nrhiav. Yog tias peb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav tsis raug ncua tsawg kawg rau ib ntus, ces peb pib khiav hauv ib lub voj kev txom. Cov kev tshawb xyuas tseeb qhia tau hais tias lub dopamine system muaj zog dua qhov kev tsim opioid. Peb nrhiav ntau tshaj qhov uas peb txaus siab (rov qab mus rau qhov kev hloov siab lees paub ... kev tshawb nrhiav yog qhov yuav ua kom peb muaj txoj sia nyob dua li zaum ntawm lub siab phem).

Ib dopamine vim raug yuam - Nrog rau hauv internet, twitter, thiab texting peb tam sim no muaj yuav luag instant gratification ntawm peb lub siab xav mus nrhiav. Xav nrog ib tug neeg tam sim ntawd tham? Xa ib phau ntawv thiab lawv teb rau ob peb feeb. Xav saib cov ntaub ntawv? Cia li ntaus nws mus rau hauv Google. Dab tsi yuav pom dab tsi koj cov phooj ywg tuaj? Mus rau twitter lossis facebook. Peb tau txais mus rau hauv lub dopamine induced voj ... dopamine pib peb nrhiav, ces peb tau txais nqi zog rau qhov nrhiav uas ua rau peb nrhiav dua. Nws yuav nyuab dua thiab nyuab zog kom tsis txhob saib email, nres cov ntawv nyeem, nres xyuas peb cov xovtooj ntawm tes los saib yog tias peb muaj xov lossis ib phau ntawv tshiab.

Kev xav tau zoo tshaj qhov tau txais - Lub hlwb kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias peb lub hlwb qhia tau hais tias muaj kev txhawb zog thiab kev ua ub ua no thaum peb paub ntau yam dua thaum peb tau txais ib qho. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov nas yeej pom tias yog tias koj tua dopamine neurons, nas tsuag tau taug kev, zom, thiab nqos, tab sis yuav tshaib plab tuag txawm tias thaum noj mov nyob ze ntawm lawv. Lawv tau poob lub siab xav mus tau cov zaub mov.

Ntau, ntau, ntau dua - Txawm hais tias kev xav thiab kev sib tw muaj feem xyuam, kev tshawb fawb kuj qhia tau hais tias lub dopamine system tsis muaj satiety ua nyob rau hauv. Nws muaj peev xwm rau lub dopamine system los hais "ntau ntau tshaj", nrhiav txawm tias thaum peb nrhiav tau cov ntaub ntawv. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd kev tshawb nrhiav google peb paub tias peb muaj lo lus teb rau lo lus nug peb muas thaum chiv thawj, thiab tsis tau peb pom peb tus kheej nrhiav cov lus qhia ntxiv thiab ntau dua.

Unpredictable yog tus yuam sij - Dopamine kuj raug tsim los ntawm unpredictability. Thaum ib yam dab tsi tshwm sim uas tsis yog raws nraim qhov tseeb, uas ua rau lub cev dopamine stimulates. Xav txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv. Peb cov emails thiab cov twitters thiab cov ntawv qhia tshwm, tab sis peb tsis paub xyov thaum twg lawv yuav los yog leej twg lawv yuav yog los ntawm. Nws yog unpredictable. Qhov no yog raws nraim li cas stimulates lub dopamine system. Nws yog tib txoj hauv kev ua hauj lwm rau kev twv txiaj thiab cov cav tov. (Yog koj xav nyeem qhov no uas yog "psychologists" uas muaj hnub nyoog "laus", koj yuav nco ntsoov "qhov kev pabcuam ntxiv rau cov menyuam yaus" Dopamine muaj kev pabcuam ntxiv rau qhov kev pabcuam ntxiv.

Thaum koj hnov ​​"ding" uas koj muaj cov ntawv nyeem - Cov kab mob dopamine yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj rau "cues" uas tau txais nqi zog tuaj. Yog hais tias muaj me me, cov cue uas qhia tias ib yam dab tsi yuav tshwm sim, uas teev tawm ntawm peb qhov system dopamine. Yog li thaum muaj lub suab thaum ib phau ntawv lus los yog email tuaj txog, los yog ib lub cue qhov muag, uas ua rau cov nyhuv hom (rau cov psychologists tawm muaj: Nco ntsoov Pavlov).

140 cim yog ntau hom - Thiab lub dopamine system feem ntau muaj zog txhawb thaum cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem yog me me kom nws tsis txaus siab hlo. Ib cov lus luv luv los yog twitter (tsuas yog 140 cim!) Yog qhov zoo tsim nyog xa peb cov dopamine system raging.

Tsis muaj nqi - Qhov kev ua kom lub cev muaj zog ntawm qhov kev dopamine no tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog. Peb tab tom raug ntes nyob rau hauv lub voj voos tsis muaj qhov kawg.

Sau ib qho lus thiab qhia tawm txawm tias koj tuaj yeem ntes tau rau hauv cov dopamine loops thiab seb koj xav tias peb yuav tsum siv dab tsi peb paub txog cov hauv no los tsim cov khoom siv thiab cov websites uas txhawb lawv.

Thiab rau cov neeg ntawm koj uas nyiam cov kev tshawb fawb:

Kent C. Berridge thiab Terry E. Robinson, Lub luag haujlwm ntawm dopamine hauv kev them nqi: txiaj ntsim zoo li cas, kev txhawb nqa kev kawm, lossis kev txhawb siab? Lub paj hlwb tshawb xyuas xyuas, 28, 1998. 309-369.