YBOP lus: Cov kev tshawb fawb tshiab qhia txog ntau tus cwj pwm tsis zoo cuam tshuam nrog kev siv porn ntau dua (siv cybersex), xws li: ntau dua ntawm neuroticism & ntxhov siab, muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dua – kev tawm tsam, poob qis ntawm kev ntseeg siab, ua kom tsis raug txiaj ntsig, thiab lwm yam.
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J Behav Addict. 2019 Dec 23: 1-10. doi: 10.1556 / 2006.8.2019.69.
Kawm ntawv J1, Marmet S1, Wicki M.1, Gmel G1,2,3,4.
Abstract
COV KHOOM NTSWJ THIAB AIMS:
Kev siv Cybersex (CU) yog muaj ntau heev nyob rau Switzerland cov pej xeem, tshwj xeeb ntawm cov txiv neej hluas. CU yuav muaj qhov tsis zoo yog tias nws tswj tsis tau. Txoj kev tshawb no kwv yees kev nthuav dav ntawm CU, zaus ntawm CU (FCU), thiab teeb meem CU (PCU) thiab lawv sib txheeb.
KEV HLOOV:
Tus qauv tsis yog kev xaiv ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Swiss (N = 5,332, txhais hais tias muaj hnub nyoog = 25.45) ua tiav daim ntawv nug txog kev ntsuas FCU thiab PCU, kev paub txog lub neej (hnub nyoog, thaj chaw hais lus, thiab kev kawm), kev sib daj sib deev (yog nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo, tus naj npawb ntawm cov khub sib deev, thiab qhia txog kev sib deev), ua tsis raug cai (tsis kam lees, tus kheej -distraction, coj tus cwjpwm tsis zoo, thiab thuam nws tus kheej), thiab cov xeeb ceem (kev ua phem / ua rau lub siab, kev tuaj yeem, kev ntxhov siab / neuroticism, thiab kev xav nrhiav). Cov koom haum ua ke tau sim siv qhov tsis zoo thiab cov qauv tsis zoo ntawm cov pa tshuaj regression.
COV LUS QHIA:
Tsawg kawg ntawm txhua hli CU tau tshaj tawm los ntawm 78.6% ntawm cov neeg koom. CU tau cuam tshuam txog kev ua haujlwm zoo nrog kev kawm ntawv qib siab (vs. thawj tsev kawm), German-hais lus (vs. Fab Kis hais lus), kev nyiam sib deev, kev sib nyiam sib deev (vs. kev sib deev), ntau dua ib tus khub sib deev (vs. ib), ua tsis raug cai ( tsuas yog tsis lees paub), thiab txhua tus xeeb ceem tshwj tsis yog kev sib raug zoo, tab sis qhov tsis zoo nrog kev nyob hauv kev sib raug zoo (vs. tsis), hnub nyoog, thiab kev sib raug zoo. FCU tau cuam tshuam zoo nrog kev nyiam poj niam txiv neej, bisexuality, tsis muaj lossis ntau dua ib tus khub kev sib deev, ua tsis raug cai (tshwj tsis yog tsis lees paub), thiab txhua tus cwj pwm tsis suav nrog kev sib raug zoo, tab sis tsis zoo nrog lub hnub nyoog, nyob hauv kev sib raug zoo, thiab kev sib raug zoo. PCU tau cuam tshuam zoo nrog kev sib daj sib deev, plaub lossis ntau dua tus khub kev sib deev, ua haujlwm tsis raug cai, thiab txhua tus xeeb ceem tsis suav nrog muaj kev sib raug zoo, tab sis tsis zoo nrog kev hais lus German thiab kev sib raug zoo.
SIB THAM THIAB SIB THAM:
CU yuav tsum tau saib raws li nws txoj kev koom tes nrog kev sib raug zoo, kev sib daj sib deev, thiab lub siab xav. Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum xav txog cov no los hloov lawv cov kev cuam tshuam rau cov neeg mob cov kev xav tau.
COV LUS TSEEM CEEB: Cohort Txoj Kev Tshawb Fawb Tawm Tsam Siv Yeeb-Tshuaj Siv Teeb Meem; daws; cyberex; cwm pwm; kev sib deev; zej zog kev paub
PMID: 31868514
Introduction
Kev siv Cybersex (CU) yog hais txog kev siv Is Taws Nem kom koom nrog kev ua plees ua yi, suav nrog cov duab liab qab lossis sib tham sib deev (Carnes, Delmonico, & Griffin, 2007; Cooper, Delmonico, Griffin-Shelley, & Mathy, 2004; Cooper & Griffin-Shelley, 2002)). Txawm hais tias CU yog qhov tsis zoo rau cov neeg siv feem ntau, kev nkag mus, tsis paub npe, thiab kev them nyiaj ntawm kev saib duab liab qab hauv Internet yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem CU (PCU) nrog qhov tsis zoo rau qee tus neeg (Allen, Kannis-Dymand, & Katsikitis, 2017; Cooper, 1998; Cooper, Scherer, Boies, & Gordon, 1999)). Qhov kev tshawb fawb no tau kwv yees kwv yees ntau ntawm CU, ntau zaus ntawm CU (FCU), thiab PCU ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Swiss, thiab lawv cov koom ua ke nrog kev sib raug zoo hauv zej zog, kev sib deev, thiab kev xav ntawm lub hlwb.
Kev nchav ua ntej ntawm CU sib txawv heev ntawm kev tshawb fawb los ntawm 33% mus rau 75% (saib Wéry & Billieux, 2017 rau tshuaj xyuas). Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb muaj nyob hauv qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no tau siv cov ntawv me me lossis tsis sawv cev. Txawm hais tias lub cev loj ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb pom zoo kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm CU thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis zoo thiab cov tsos mob tshwm sim, tsis muaj kev pom zoo txog lub tswvyim thiab kev kuaj mob cyberex quav lossis tshuaj yuam (Grubbs, Stauner, Exline, Pargament, & Lindberg, 2015; Wéry & Billieux, 2017)). Lub tswv yim sib txawv ntawm cov sib txawv tau ua rau cov kev xav sib txawv thiab cov lus siv, piv txwv li, kev sib deev hauv Internet, kev saib duab liab qab hauv online, kev sib deev hauv online (OSC), thiab kev siv CU (de Alarcón, de la Iglesia, Casado, & Montejo, 2019; Delmonico & Miller, 2003; Fernandez & Griffiths, 2019; Wéry & Billieux, 2017)). Hauv cov ntawv nyeem, teeb meem siv feem ntau siv hloov cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb xws li yees or compulsion (Fernandez & Griffiths, 2019)). Txhawm rau ua rau txhua qhov nuances ntawm lub tswvyim, daim ntawv no siv lo lus teeb meem cybersex siv (PCU). PCU hais txog kev siv ntau dhau thiab tsis siv lub cyberex ua rau muaj kev sib raug zoo, muaj teeb meem ntawm tus kheej, thiab cov teeb meem ua haujlwm, cuam tshuam nrog cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li lwm yam kev quav, piv txwv li, muaj siab xav ua lossis ua tsis tiav cov kev tswj hwm CU, kev tawm tsam thiab cov kev xav cuam tshuam ntsig txog CU, CU rau kev tswj txoj kev xav, kev tshem tawm cov tsos mob, kam rau ua, thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam (Carnes, 2000; Carnes li al., 2007; Grov li al., 2008; Wéry & Billieux, 2017)). Tus lej ntawm cov mob tsis tseem ceeb ntawm PCU ntau li ntawm 5.6% mus rau 17% (saib Wéry & Billieux, 2017 rau kev ntsuam xyuas).
Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los qhia tias CU thiab PCU tau cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam ntawm kev sib deev thiab ntau tus lej ntawm lub neej. Tus lej tau qhia tias tus txiv neej siab dua pojniam (Döring, Daneback, Shaughnessy, Grov, & Byers, 2017; Giordano & Cashwell, 2017; Luder li al., 2011; Morgan, 2011; Wolak, Mitchell, & Finkelhor, 2007) thiab ntawm cov kev tshaj qhia kev kawm qib siab (Træen, Nilsen, & Stigum, 2006)). CU los kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog lub hnub nyoog. Tus lej muaj xwm txheej tau pom tias nce ntxiv ntawm 10 txog 17 xyoo (Wolak li al., 2007) thiab kom txo tau tom qab 18-24 xyoos (Daneback, Cooper, & Månsson, 2005)). Raws li rau cov hloov pauv ntsig txog kev sib deev, nws tau pom tias yog homosexual lossis bisexual (Cooper, Delmonico, & Burg, 2000; Daneback li al., 2005; Giordano & Cashwell, 2017; Peter & Valkenburg, 2011), ua ib leej txiv (Ballester-Arnal, Castro-Calvo, Gil-Llario, & Giménez-García, 2014; Cooper li al., 2000; Cooper, Griffin-Shelley, Delmonico, & Mathy, 2001), thiab muaj ntau tus neeg sib deev (Braun-Courville & Rojas, 2009; Daneback li al., 2005) txhua tus tau cuam tshuam zoo nrog CU lossis PCU.
Ib yam li kev quav tshuaj yeeb tshuaj, xws li kev haus cawv tsis txaus siab thiab haus dej cawv-siv tshuaj yeeb (piv txwv, Cooper, Frone, Russell, & Mudar, 1995; Zvolensky li al., 2007), cov laj thawj rau CU tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg dav dav ntawm kev txhawb nqa tus kheej zoo thiab tsis zoo (saib Grubbs, Wright, Braden, Wilt, & Kraus, 2019 rau tshuaj xyuas). Ntawm ib txhais tes, cybersex feem ntau siv rau kev lom zem-cov laj thawj, xws li kev txaus siab rau kev sib deev, kev lom zem, thiab txhim kho arousal. Grubbs, Wright, li al. (2019) qhia tawm cov kev tshawb fawb, uas qhia tau hais tias tus xeeb ceem cwj pwm txuas nrog rau kev lom zem-nrhiav cov kev coj ua, xws li kev xav nrhiav thiab narcissism, tau xwm yeem cuam tshuam nrog CU. Qhov no txhawb tias qhov xav nrhiav yuav ua rau cov tib neeg siv cybersex rau lub hom phiaj nyiam kev lom zem. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cybersex kuj tseem siv tau rau kev tswj hwm thiab lub siab ntsws tswj hwm lub hom phiaj (Grubbs, Wright, li al., 2019)). Raws li cov lus no, muaj ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias tsis yog kev ntxhov siab, ntxhov siab, thiab kev ntxhov siab ntau zaus yog vim li cas rau CU, tab sis kuj muaj cov xwm txheej cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo, xws li kev nyuaj siab (piv txwv li, Varfi et al., 2019; Weaver li al., 2011) thiab txo lub neej txaus siab (piv txwv Peter & Valkenburg, 2011), muaj feem cuam tshuam zoo nrog CU.
Raws li cov kev tshawb pom no, ib tug yuav cia siab tias cov tib neeg siv kev ua kom ua tsis tau zoo lossis nrog cov cwm pwm cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo uas yuav muaj cuam tshuam rau CU thiab PCU. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txheeb xyuas los ntawm Grubbs, Wright, li al. (2019) qhia tsis muaj pov thawj rau cov koom haum ua haujlwm ntawm cov cwm pwm ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev tswj hwm thiab kev tswj hwm lub siab ntsws (xws li neuroticism) nrog CU. Txawm li cas los xij, peb qhov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau tshaj tawm cov koom haum ntawd. Wéry, Deleuze, Canale, thiab Billieux (2018) pom cov koom haum ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm PCU thiab cov kev kub ntxhov sai, qhov sib fim ntawm kev tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov nyiam ua nrawm thaum ntsib nrog cov kev xav tsis zoo. Ib qho ntxiv, Egan thiab Parmar (2013) xws li Shimoni, Dayan, Cohen, thiab Weinstein (2018) pom tau qhov sib raug zoo ntawm CU thiab neuroticism siab. Yog li, txawm hais tias lub koom haum ua ke ntawm cov cwm pwm txuas nrog kev lom zem-lub hom phiaj thiab CU thiab PCU tau txais kev txhawb los ntawm ntau qhov kev hloov pauv, muaj cov pov thawj me me txhawb cov koom haum ua haujlwm ntawm CU thiab PCU thiab cov teebmeem ua haujlwm tsis raug thiab cov cwm pwm txuas mus rau qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo.
Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau qhia tias CU thiab PCU tau cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam ntawm tib neeg lub neej, kev sib daj sib deev, thiab lub hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb fawb no tseem tsis tshua muaj thiab muaj tsawg vim tias feem ntau ntawm lawv siv qhov ntsuas qhov yooj yim me me. Qhov kev tshawb fawb no txhawm rau kov yeej cov kev txwv no siv ntau, tsis xaiv cov qauv ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Swiss rau kwv yees tus nqi ntawm CU, FCU, thiab PCU thiab tshawb txog lawv cov koom ua ke nrog ntau lub zej zog, kev sib deev, thiab lub siab ntsws sib txawv. Hais txog kev hloov pauv hauv zej zog thiab kev sib daj sib deev, peb suav tias qhov kev kawm theem siab, yog ib leeg, tsis yog poj niam txiv neej sib deev, ntau dua ib tus khub deev yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo nrog CU, FCU, thiab PCU, tabsis lub hnub nyoog yuav cuam tshuam zoo. Hais txog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub siab ntsws, peb cia siab tias cov koom tes zoo ntawm kev ua kom tsis taus, tus cwj pwm cuam tshuam txog kev lom zem-nrhiav kev coj ua, thiab kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo nrog CU, FCU, thiab PCU
txoj kev
Cov ntaub ntawv tau raug kos los ntawm cov lus nug thib peb ntawm Cohort Kawm Txog Caj-Hloov-Qhov Siv Qhov Tseeb Yuav Raug. Hauv Switzerland, kev txheeb xyuas rau cov kev tsim nyog rau kev ua tub rog, kev ua tub rog, lossis tsis muaj kev pabcuam yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau txhua tus tub hluas, qhia txog lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb los cuv npe tsis muaj kev xaiv ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tebchaws muaj 19-xyoo tus txiv neej. Thaum lub Yim Hli 2010 thiab Kaum Ib Hlis 2011, txhua tus tub hluas qhia rau qhov chaw nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Lausanne (hais lus Fab Kis), Windisch, thiab Mels (hais lus German) tau raug caw tuaj koom txoj kev kawm no. Tag nrho ntawm 7,556 tau muab kev pom zoo sau cia. C-SURF txoj kev kawm yog ywj siab los ntawm cov tub rog cov txheej txheem: cov chaw nrhiav neeg raug xaiv tau los qhia thiab rau npe koom cov neeg tuaj koom, tab sis lawv ua tiav lawv cov lus nug sab nraud ntawm cov tub rog. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov txheej txheem sau npe thiab qhov kev tshawb fawb feem ntau tau qhia dhau los (Gmel li al., 2015; Tus Kawm, Baggio, li al., 2013; Tus Kawm, Mohler-Kuo, li al., 2013)). Tag nrho ntawm 5,516 tus txiv neej (73.0% tus lej teb) tau teb cov lus nug thib peb nyob nruab nrab lub Plaub Hlis 2016 thiab Lub Peb Hlis 2018. Vim tsis muaj nuj nqis rau tsawg kawg ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm cov paj, 184 tus neeg teb (3.3% ntawm cov neeg teb) tsis suav nrog. Qhov ua piv txwv kawg rau kev soj ntsuam muaj 5,332 tus neeg koom nrog (96.7% ntawm cov neeg teb). Txhais hais tias koom nrog cov hnub nyoog yog 25.45 xyoo. Muaj 3,046 (57.1%) Cov hais lus Fab Kis thiab 2,286 (42.9%) Cov neeg German hais lus. Tag nrho ntawm 173 (3.2%), 2,156 (40.4%), thiab 3,003 (56.3%) cov neeg qhia txog kev kawm ntawv theem pib, kev kawm ua haujlwm, thiab kev kawm tom qab tsev kawm theem siab yog qhov kev kawm qib siab tshaj plaws, ntsig txog (Cov Rooj 1).
|
Cov lus 1. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus qauv (N = 5,332)
| Cronbach tus α | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cybersex | |||
| Cybersex siv | |||
| Tsawg kawg ntawm txhua hli (cov neeg siv; N,%) | 4,190 | 78.6 | |
| Tsawg dua txhua hli (tsis siv; N,%) | 1,142 | 21.4 | |
| Ib hlis ib zaug ntawm cybersex siv nrog cov neeg siv cybersex (M, SD)a | 9.69 | 7.93 | |
| Cov teeb meem cybersex siv (PCU) ntawm cov neeg siv | .63 | ||
| Cov naj npawb ntawm PCU cov lus pom zoo pom zoo (M, SD) | 0.76 | 1.13 | |
| Tsis muaj PCU cov lus pom zoo (N,%) | 2,397 | 57.2 | |
| Ib los yog ntau daim ntawv PCU pom zoo (N,%) | 1,793 | 42.8 | |
| Peb lossis ntau daim PCU cov lus pom zoo (N,%) | 374 | 8.9 | |
| Kwv yees muaj zog | |||
| Sociodemographic thiab deev ntau yam | |||
| Linguistic cheeb tsam (German-hais lus) (N,%) | 2,286 | 42.9 | |
| Hnub nyoog (M, SD) | 25.45 | 1.25 | |
| Qib siab tshaj ntawm kev kawm ntawv (N,%) | |||
| Kev kawm theem pib | 173 | 3.2 | |
| Kev qhia ua haujlwm | 2,156 | 40.4 | |
| Tom tsev kawm ntawv theem siab | 3,003 | 56.3 | |
| Nyob hauv txoj kev sib raug zoo (N,%) | 898 | 16.8 | |
| Sib deev (N,%) | |||
| heterosexual | 4,757 | 89.2 | |
| bisexual | 450 | 8.4 | |
| Homosexual | 125 | 2.3 | |
| Cov naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sib deev hauv xyoo tas los (N,%) | |||
| 0 | 701 | 13.1 | |
| 1 | 2,879 | 54.0 | |
| 2-3 | 1,049 | 19.7 | |
| 4+ | 703 | 13.2 | |
| Tus cwj pwm puas hlwb | |||
| Kev ua tsis tiav | |||
| Tsis kam (M, SD) | 2.96 | 1.21 | .64 |
| Kev saib tus kheej (M, SD) | 4.89 | 1.50 | .43 |
| Cwj pwm tsis sib haum (M, SD) | 3.22 | 1.27 | .60 |
| Kev thuam tus kheej (M, SD) | 4.44 | 1.71 | .78 |
| cwm pwm | |||
| Neuroticism – Ntxhov siab vim (M, SD) | 2.19 | 2.17 | .73 |
| Kev Ntxhov Siab – Qhov Ntxhov Siab (M, SD) | 3.77 | 2.16 | .60 |
| Kev Muaj Peev Xwm (M, SD) | 4.94 | 2.24 | .65 |
| Kev nrhiav nrhiav (M, SD) | 2.99 | 0.81 | .79 |
Nco ntsoov. M: txhais tias; SD: tus qauv sib txawv.
aHauv cov hnub siv.
Kev ntsuas
Cov neeg koom nrog txiav txim siab cyberex cov neeg siv yog tias lawv tau siv ntau dua li cov neeg siv tsis paub, vim hais tias siv cov kev siv tsis zoo yog kwv yees qhov tsis zoo. Cov neeg tuaj koom tau nug tias: "Koj puas tau mus saib cov vev xaib pornography tsawg kawg ib hlis ib zaug hauv 12 lub hlis dhau los." Cov neeg teb "yog" tau raug suav hais tias yog cov siv cybersex thiab tau nug txog lawv lub hlis FCU siv cov lus nug hauv qab no: "Muaj pes tsawg hnub lub hlis koj puas mus saib cov duab liab qab hauv lub vev xaib feem ntau? ”FCU muaj kev cuam tshuam cov hnub CU, txij li 1 txog 31. Rau cov tsis siv, FCU kuj sib txawv thiab yog tus lej 0.
PCU tau ntsuas pom tias siv OSC nplai ntawm Internet Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuam Xyuas (ISST; Delmonico & Miller, 2003) muaj rau (XNUMX) qhov tseeb lossis cuav hais cov khoom kuaj pom ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov quav (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Baggio li al., 2018): kev siv txuas ntxiv, kev hloov kho lub siab, poob ntawm kev tswj hwm, kev ntxhov siab, tshem tawm, thiab lwm yam. Txij li tsis muaj kev txiav tawm tseeb rau ISST, PCU tsis tau tawm tswv yim zoo li qhov cuam tshuam txog kev tsis txaus siab (neeg sau se), tab sis zoo li kev coj ua qhov tsis zoo (piv txwv li, cov ntawv sau ntawm cov ntawv pom zoo) xws li "yam tsis xav tau”(0) rau“teeb meem”(6). Ob qho kev hloov pauv ntawm ntau pawg, uas muaj kev cuam tshuam qhov pom zoo ntawm (a) tsawg kawg ib qho tsos mob thiab (b) tsawg kawg peb yam tsos mob, kuj tau tsim los piav qhia lub hom phiaj.
Sociodemographic thiab deev ntau yam.Cov lej nyob hauv lub neej thiab hauv kev sib deev suav nrog lub hnub nyoog, cheeb tsam hais lus (lus Fab Kis, German hais lus), kev kawm tiav qib siab tshaj plaws (tsev kawm theem pib, kev kawm ua haujlwm, thiab tsev kawm qib siab), tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sib deev hauv 12 lub hlis dhau los (0, 1, 2–3, 4 lossis ntau dua), nyob hauv kev sib raug zoo (sib yuav los yog nyob nrog tus khub vs. ib leeg, sib nrauj, sib cais, lossis poj ntsuam), thiab kev xav sib deev (heterosexual, bisexual, lossis homosexual).
Kev puas siab puas ntsws yam.Neuroticism – kev ntxhov siab, kev ua phem – kev ua yeeb yam (cuam tshuam rau qhov tsis zoo), kev sib raug zoo (muaj feem xyuam nrog kev lom zem-lub hom phiaj) tus cwj pwm ntawm tus kheej tau raug soj ntsuam siv cov lus Fab Kis thiab German ntawm cov kab lis kev cai hla, daim ntawv luv ntawm Zuckerman-Kuhlman Tus Kheej Cov Lus Nug (Aluja li al., 2006)). Txhua qhov kev cuam tshuam tau ntsuas los ntawm siv 10 nqe lus muaj tseeb lossis cuav, thiab cov qhab nia ntawm cov ntawv pom zoo muaj nyob ntawm 0-10. Kev nrhiav qhov tseeb (hais txog lub hom phiaj kev nyiam lom zem) raug ntsuas siv 8-yam Cov Ntsiab Lus Ntsej Muag Kev Ntsuas Xyuas (BSSS); Hoyle, Stephenson, Palmgreen, Lorch, & Donohew, 2002)). Cov neeg koom teb tau teb txhua nqe ntawm 5-point Likert-type nplai (los ntawm "xav tsis pom zoo"Mus"pom zoo heev”). Cov qhab nia txij li 1 txog 5 tau suav los ntawm ntsuas cov lus teb rau ntawm yim yam khoom.
Cov neeg koom nrog siv cov tswv yim daws teeb meem raug ntsuas siv qhov tsis kam lees, cuam tshuam tus kheej, coj tus cwj pwm tsis txaus, thiab thuam tus kheej los ntawm cov lus nug luv luv COPE (Carver, 1997; German hom: Knoll, Rieckmann, & Schwarzer, 2005; Fabkis hom: Muller & Spitz, 2003)). Txhua nplai muaj ob kab lus hais txog yuav ua li cas cov tib neeg tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, thiab cov nqe lus raug ntaus nqi rau ntawm 4-point nplai txij li “Kuv feem ntau tsis ua qhov no hlo li"Mus"Kuv feem ntau ua qhov no ntau. ”Cov qhab-nees teev tau yog tus lej ntawm ob daim ntawv qhab nia thiab tau ntsuas ntawm 2 txog 8.
Tsis muaj qhov kev tshwm sim ua lus Fab Kis thiab German rau ntawm OSC thiab qhov BSSS thaum pib ntawm kev kawm. Rau cov nplai no, cov qauv lus Askiv thawj zaug tau muab txhais ua lus Fab Kis thiab German los ntawm pab pawg C-SURF. Tom qab ntawv, Cov lus Fab Kis thiab German tau muab rov los txhais dua los ntawm cov neeg hauv pab neeg no. Qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov qauv qub thiab cov ntawv txhais tau muab coj los sib tham txog thaum pom kev pom zoo.
Cov ntawv piav qhia tau raug siv los coj tus yam ntxwv. Kev ntseeg tau ntawm txhua qhov muaj ntau cov khoom tau raug tshuaj xyuas siv Cronbach's α. FCU muaj kev cuam tshuam cov hnub ib txwm muaj CU hauv ib hlis (cov neeg tsis siv tus lej 0), thiab PCU muaj kev cuam tshuam cov naj npawb ntawm cov tsos mob pom zoo. FCU tau txheeb xyuas siv cov qauv Hurdle, uas tau nyiam dua tus cwj pwm ntawm Poisson ntau dua, tsis zoo binomial (NB), lossis xoom-suav cov qauv suav vim tias cov qauv qub pub rau kev tshawb xyuas ntawm ob tus neeg siv cybersex piv rau cov tsis siv thiab FCU ntawm cov siv cybersex. Hauv cov qauv Hurdle, binary tshooj - kev sib txawv ntawm cov tsis muaj xoom thiab xoom cov kev soj ntsuam (piv txwv li cov neeg siv cybersex thiab cov tsis siv) - siv logistic regression, hos cov suav ib feem siv kev faib tawm tsis suav (Poisson lossis NB). Raws li Cov Kev Txwv Cov Lus Qhia ntawm Bayesian (BIC), qhov faib tawm NB uas tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb tau khaws cia. PCU tau txheeb xyuas ntawm cov neeg siv cybersex nkaus xwb (N = 4,190). Ntau qhov sib txawv suav kev faib tawm [piv txwv li, Poisson, xoom-kis tau tus mob Poisson (ZIP), NB, thiab xoom-nrawm NB (ZINB)] tau raug ntsuas rau qhov haum siv BIC, thiab NB regression cov qauv tau muab khaws cia rau tsom xam PCU. SPSS version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) tau siv rau cov ntaub ntawv coding thiab piav qhia cov txheeb cais thiab Stata 15 (StataCorp LP, Chaw Nres Tsheb Qeb Siab, TX, Tebchaws USA) tau siv rau Hurdle thiab NB qauv.
Ob tus qauv raug sim rau FCU thiab PCU. Tus Qauv 1 tau kuaj cov koom haum bivariate ntawm txhua tus neeg twv seb tus neeg sib txawv, tus qauv 2 ntsuas cov koom haum ua haujlwm ntawm txhua tus twv ua ntej, hloov kho ib txhij rau lub zej zog thiab cov lus qhia txog kev sib deev, uas yog, qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev kawm, cheeb tsam keeb kwm, nyob hauv ib qho kev sib raug zoo, kev sib deev, tus naj npawb ntawm kev sib deev, thiab hnub nyoog. Cov koom haum tau tshaj tawm tias yog qhov tsis sib xws (ORs), rau thawj ntu ntawm Hurdle qauv txheeb xyuas cov neeg siv cybersex thiab cov neeg tsis siv. Qhov tsis sib xws tus lej sib piv (IRRs) tau qhia rau NB tus qauv. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev sib piv ntawm lub zog ntawm cov koom haum, cov twv ua ntej tsis tu ncua tau z-cov tsis suav (piv txwv li, M = 0, SD = 1).
C-SURF tau pom zoo los ntawm Lausanne University Medical School Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees rau Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb (kev tshawb fawb raws cai tus lej: 15/07).
tau
Txog 78.6% ntawm cov qauv hais qhia qhov tsawg kawg txhua hli CU ntawm 12 lub hlis dhau los. Cybersex cov neeg siv tau tshaj tawm txhais tau tias 9.69 hnub ntawm CU toj ib lub hlis thiab pom zoo qhov nruab nrab ntawm 0.76 PCU cov nqe lus. Ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm cov neeg siv cybersex (57.2%) pom zoo xoom PCU cov nqe lus, hos 42.8% pom zoo ib lossis ntau nqe lus; 8.9% pom zoo rau peb lossis ntau nqe lus (Cov Lus 1).
Hauv cov qauv Hurdle, kev kawm tom qab tsev kawm theem siab (vs. thawj) thiab nyob hauv thaj chaw hais lus German (piv nrog cov lus Fab Kis) tau cuam tshuam nrog kev sib txawv ntau ntawm CU, tab sis tsis yog nrog FCU (Cov Lus 2)). Lub hnub nyoog thiab nyob hauv kev sib raug zoo tau cuam tshuam nrog kev sib txawv ntawm CU thiab qis dua FCU. Raws li txwv tsis pub muaj lub siab xav sib luag, kev nyiam sib deev thiab hom nyiam sib deev tau cuam tshuam nrog kev sib txawv ntau dua ntawm CU thiab ntau dua FCU. Tshaj tawm ntau dua ib tus neeg sib deev hauv 12 lub hlis dhau los (vs. ib qho) tau cuam tshuam nrog kev sib txawv ntau ntawm CU thiab ntau dua FCU. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, qhia txog xoom cov neeg sib deev tau txuam nrog FCU siab dua tab sis tsis nrog CU. Dysfunctional coping strategies thiab tag nrho cov cwm pwm hloov pauv txawv tshwj tsis yog qhov tsis kam lees raug cuam tshuam nrog CU thiab FCU. Tshwj xeeb, kev ntxhov siab rau tus kheej, kev coj tus cwj pwm tsis txaus siab, kev thuam tus kheej, neuroticism – kev ntxhov siab, kev ua phem – kev ua siab phem, thiab kev tshawb nrhiav qhov kev xav tau cuam tshuam nrog kev sib txawv ntau dua ntawm CU thiab ntau dua FCU. Los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, kev sib raug zoo tau cuam tshuam nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm CU thiab qis dua ntawm FCU. Kev hloov kho (Qauv 2) tsis hloov cov txiaj ntsig.
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Cov lus 2. Cov qauv tsis txaus ntseeg rau cov koom haum ua ke nrog kev siv cybersex (CU) thiab ntau zaus ntawm kev siv cybersex (FCU)
| Qauv 1 (tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog) | Tus Qauv 2 (kho) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Logistic ntu (CU) | Qhov tsis zoo binomial feem (FCU) | Logistic ntu (CU) | Qhov tsis zoo binomial feem (FCU) | |||||
| OR | [95% CI] | IRR | [95% CI] | OR | [95% CI] | IRR | [95% CI] | |
| Sociodemographic thiab deev ntau yam | ||||||||
| Qib siab tshaj ntawm kev kawm ntawv (ref. Primary school) | ||||||||
| Kev qhia ua haujlwm | 1.18 | [0.84-1.66] | 0.94 | [0.78-1.12] | 1.09 | [0.77-1.55] | 0.96 | [0.81-1.15] |
| Tom tsev kawm ntawv theem siab | 1.96 | [1.40-2.76] | 1.08 | [0.90-1.29] | 1.80 | [1.27-2.56] | 1.09 | [0.91-1.29] |
| German-hais lus (Ref. Fabkis txoj lus) | 1.47 | [1.28-1.68] | 0.99 | [0.94-1.05] | 1.44 | [1.24-1.66] | 0.98 | [0.92-1.04] |
| Muaj kev sib raug zoo (ref. Tsis nyob hauv kev sib raug zoo) | 0.50 | [0.43-0.59] | 0.75 | [0.69-0.82] | 0.66 | [0.55-0.79] | 0.83 | [0.76-0.91] |
| Kev sib deev (ref. Heterosexual) | ||||||||
| bisexual | 2.46 | [1.81-3.34] | 1.33 | [1.21-1.47] | 2.18 | [1.60-2.98] | 1.31 | [1.19-1.44] |
| Homosexual | 2.33 | [1.33-4.08] | 1.35 | [1.12-1.61] | 1.94 | [1.10-3.44] | 1.27 | [1.06-1.51] |
| Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sib deev (ref. 1) | ||||||||
| 0 | 1.12 | [0.93-1.37] | 1.24 | [1.14-1.36] | 0.91 | [0.74-1.11] | 1.17 | [1.06-1.28] |
| 2-3 | 2.21 | [1.82-2.69] | 1.24 | [1.15-1.34] | 2.00 | [1.64-2.45] | 1.19 | [1.11-1.29] |
| 4+ | 2.24 | [1.78-2.83] | 1.43 | [1.31-1.55] | 2.02 | [1.59-2.57] | 1.36 | [1.24-1.48] |
| Muaj hnub nyooga | 0.85 | [0.80-0.91] | 0.95 | [0.93-0.98] | 0.93 | [0.87-0.99] | 0.97 | [0.94-1.00]b |
| Tus cwj pwm puas hlwb | ||||||||
| Kev ua tsis tiav | ||||||||
| tsis kam muaba | 1.03 | [0.97-1.11] | 1.00 | [0.97-1.03] | 1.06 | [0.99-1.13] | 1.00 | [0.98-1.03] |
| Kev saib tus kheeja | 1.35 | [1.26-1.44] | 1.05 | [1.02-1.08] | 1.34 | [1.25-1.43] | 1.04 | [1.01-1.07] |
| Kev coj tus cwj pwm tsis sib xwsa | 1.20 | [1.12-1.28] | 1.05 | [1.02-1.08] | 1.17 | [1.09-1.26] | 1.04 | [1.01-1.07] |
| Kev thuam tus kheeja | 1.33 | [1.25-1.43] | 1.09 | [1.06-1.12] | 1.30 | [1.21-1.40] | 1.08 | [1.05-1.11] |
| cwm pwm | ||||||||
| Neuroticism – Ntxhov siab vima | 1.35 | [1.25-1.45] | 1.11 | [1.08-1.14] | 1.33 | [1.23-1.44] | 1.09 | [1.06-1.13] |
| Kev Ntxhov Siab – Kev Ua Phema | 1.23 | [1.15-1.31] | 1.05 | [1.02-1.09] | 1.28 | [1.19-1.37] | 1.06 | [1.03-1.09] |
| Kev Muaj Peev Xwma | 0.84 | [0.79-0.90] | 0.96 | [0.93-0.99] | 0.82 | [0.76-0.88] | 0.95 | [0.93-0.98] |
| Cia li nrhiava | 1.51 | [1.41-1.61] | 1.07 | [1.04-1.11] | 1.41 | [1.31-1.51] | 1.06 | [1.03-1.09] |
Nco ntsoov. LOS SIS, IRR, thiab sib piv 95% CI hauv bold yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm p <.05. LOS SIS: ua piv txwv txawv; IRR: xwm txheej tus lej feem; CI: kev ntseeg siab sib nrug.
aCov qhob pauv txuas nruam tau tus qauv (M = 0, SD = 1). bUa ntej kev sib tw, kev txwv siab tshaj ntawm 95% CI yog 0.998431331648399. Tus Qauv 2 tau hloov kho rau kev kawm siab tshaj plaws, thaj chaw ntawm kev coj noj coj ua, ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo, kev sib deev, nrog rau cov naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sib deev thiab hnub nyoog.
NB cov qauv rau PCU pom tias nyob hauv thaj chaw hais lus German (piv nrog cov lus Fab Kis) muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog PCU qis dua (Rooj 3)). Bisexual orientation (vs a heterosexual orientation) tau cuam tshuam nrog ntau dua PCU, qhov uas koom nrog kev nyiam sib deev tsis tau ncav lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Kev hais qhia plaub lossis ntau tshaj cov neeg sib deev hauv 12 lub hlis dhau los (vs. ib qho) tau cuam tshuam nrog PCU ntau dua, tabsis tsis muaj cov koom haum tseem ceeb tau tshaj tawm rau xoom thiab ob lossis peb tus neeg sib deev. Hais txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov koom nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws, txhua qhov kev coj tus cwj pwm tau sim rau thiab txhua qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev daws teebmeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog PCU, tshwj tsis yog kev coj ua zoo, uas tau nthuav tawm qhov kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo. Hloov kho (Qauv 2) tsis hloov cov kev tshwm sim no.
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Cov lus 3. Cov qauv tsis zoo binomial regression rau cov koom haum ua ke nrog cov teeb meem cybersex siv (PCU)
| Qauv 1 (tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog) | Tus Qauv 2 (kho) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IRR | [95% CI] | IRR | [95% CI] | |
| Sociodemographic thiab deev ntau yam | ||||
| Qib siab tshaj ntawm kev kawm ntawv (ref. Primary school) | ||||
| Kev qhia ua haujlwm | 0.99 | [0.75-1.32] | 1.06 | [0.80-1.41] |
| Tom tsev kawm ntawv theem siab | 1.10 | [0.83-1.45] | 1.15 | [0.87-1.53] |
| German-hais lus (Ref. Fabkis txoj lus) | 0.89 | [0.81-0.97] | 0.89 | [0.81-0.98] |
| Muaj kev sib raug zoo (ref. Tsis nyob hauv kev sib raug zoo) | 1.00 | [0.87-1.14] | 1.04 | [0.91-1.19] |
| Kev sib deev (ref. Heterosexual) | ||||
| bisexual | 1.48 | [1.28-1.71] | 1.46 | [1.26-1.68] |
| Homosexual | 1.28 | [0.98-1.68] | 1.22 | [0.93-1.61] |
| Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sib deev (ref. 1) | ||||
| 0 | 1.14 | [0.99-1.31] | 1.14 | [0.99-1.32] |
| 2-3 | 1.07 | [0.95-1.20] | 1.05 | [0.93-1.19] |
| 4+ | 1.24 | [1.08-1.41] | 1.21 | [1.05-1.38] |
| Muaj hnub nyooga | 1.01 | [0.97-1.06] | 1.00 | [0.96-1.05] |
| Tus cwj pwm puas hlwb | ||||
| Kev ua tsis tiav | ||||
| tsis kam muaba | 1.17 | [1.12-1.22] | 1.18 | [1.13-1.23] |
| Kev saib tus kheeja | 1.14 | [1.09-1.19] | 1.13 | [1.08-1.18] |
| Kev coj tus cwj pwm tsis sib xwsa | 1.16 | [1.10-1.21] | 1.17 | [1.11-1.22] |
| Kev thuam tus kheeja | 1.27 | [1.21-1.33] | 1.26 | [1.21-1.32] |
| cwm pwm | ||||
| Neuroticism – Ntxhov siab vima | 1.33 | [1.27-1.39] | 1.31 | [1.26-1.37] |
| Kev Ntxhov Siab – Kev Ua Phema | 1.09 | [1.04-1.14] | 1.09 | [1.05-1.15] |
| Kev Muaj Peev Xwma | 0.83 | [0.79-0.87] | 0.83 | [0.79-0.87] |
| Cia li nrhiava | 1.08 | [1.03-1.13] | 1.08 | [1.04-1.14] |
Nco ntsoov. IRR thiab sib piv 95% CI hauv bold yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm p <.05. IRR: xwm txheej tus lej feem; CI: kev ntseeg siab sib nrug.
aCov qhob pauv txuas nruam tau tus qauv (M = 0, SD = 1). Tus Qauv 2 tau hloov kho rau kev kawm siab tshaj plaws, thaj chaw ntawm kev coj noj coj ua, ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo, kev sib deev, nrog rau cov naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sib deev thiab hnub nyoog
Kev sib sab laj:
Txoj kev tshawb no kwv yees cov nqi ntawm CU, FCU, thiab PCU thiab lawv cov koom haum ua ke nrog ntau yam ntawm cov txiv neej Swiss. 12-lub hlis zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tsawg kawg txhua hli CU yog 78.6% - tus lej siab rau cov neeg tau tshawb pom nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb fawb dhau los, thaj tsam ntawm 59.2% mus rau 89.9% hauv cov txiv neej (Albright, 2008; Cooper, Månsson, Daneback, Tikkanen, & Ross, 2003; Goodson, McCormick, & Evans, 2001; Shaughnessy, Byers, & Walsh, 2011)). Qhov feem pua siab no, piv nrog rau lwm cov kev tshawb fawb, tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam txog ob qho hnub nyoog thiab cov nyhuv tshwm sim; CU ntau nyob rau lub sijhawm muaj neeg laus (Daneback li al., 2005) thiab kev siv Is Taws Nem (feem ntau thiab rau cov duab liab qab) tau dhau los ua ntau dua ob xyoo dhau los (Lewczuk, Wojcik, & Gola, 2019; Chaw Haujlwm Fédéral de la Statistique, 2018)). Qhov no tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog kev sib txawv ntawm haiv neeg. Txawm hais tias qhov nthuav dav ntawm CU yog qhov siab, ntau dua li ib nrab ntawm cybersex cov neeg siv tsis tau lees txais txhua nqe lus PCU. Qhov kev tshawb pom no yog ua tau raws li lub tswv yim ntawm Cooper et al. (1999) tias CU yog qhov tsis tsim nyog rau feem ntau ntawm cov neeg siv. Txawm li cas los xij, lub corollary yog tias ntau dua 40% ntawm cybersex cov neeg siv qhia tsawg kawg yog ib qhov tsos mob cuam tshuam nrog PCU, nrog 8.9% txawm qhia peb lossis ntau cov tsos mob.
Hauv kab nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Træen et al. (2006), txoj kev tshawb fawb no qhia tau tias cov neeg muaj kev kawm paub ntau dua tuaj yeem siv cybersex. Ib qho piav qhia ntxiv yog tias cov neeg muaj kev txawj ntse ntau (piv txwv li tsis muaj kev kawm) yog cov CU ntau dua vim tias lawv muaj kev paub txog computer ntau dua (Stack, Wasserman, & Kern, 2004)). Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj cov pov thawj ntawm ib qho kev sib koom ntawm kev kawm thiab FCU lossis PCU pom. Qhov zoo siab, piv nrog cov neeg tuaj hais lus Fab Kis, txawm hais tias cov neeg koom hais lus German hais lus tsawg dua PCU, lawv tau tshaj qhia CU. Ib qho peev xwm piav qhia yog tias CU tej zaum yuav lees paub txog kev sib raug zoo hauv thaj chaw German dua li thaj chaw hais lus Fab Kis. Yog tias muaj li no, cov neeg hais lus German tej zaum yuav qhia tawm ntau dua lawv cov CU, tab sis pom tias lawv CU tsis tshua muaj teebmeem. Ib qho ntxiv, qhov sib txawv ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm cov lus nug tej zaum yuav muaj nyob ntawm cov neeg koom Fab Kis- thiab German. Cov kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv yog xav tau los sau ua ke thiab to taub qhov kev tshawb pom no ntau dua. Cov neeg laus dua (thiab yau dua) tau koom nrog cybersex tsawg dua thiab siv nws tsawg zaus. Raws li Daneback li al. (2005) qhia tawm, qhov no qhia tias CU txo tom qab 18-24 xyoo. Tsis muaj koom tes tseem ceeb tau pom ntawm lub hnub nyoog thiab PCU. Qhov kev tshawb pom no sib piv nrog kev sib txuam tsis zoo ntawm lub hnub nyoog thiab cov muaj teeb meem siv pornography qhia los ntawm Grubbs, Kraus, thiab Perry (2019) hauv tus piv txwv sawv cev ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas siv Internet (Mmuaj hnub nyoog = 44.8, SD = 16.7). Qhov ua tau, qhov muaj hnub nyoog nqaim ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom rau hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb tam sim no yuav tsis txaus ntseeg kom tau txais cov hnub nyoog sib txawv hauv PCU.
Nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los (Ballester-Arnal li al., 2014; Ballester-Arnal, Castro Calvo, Gil-Llario, & Gil-Julia, 2017), cov koom nrog hauv kev sib raug zoo muaj qhov qis dua ntawm CU thiab qis dua FCU (piv txwv li cov tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo). Ntawm cov neeg siv cybersex, ua ib qho kev sib raug zoo tsis cuam tshuam nrog PCU. Qhov kev tshawb pom no qhia tau tias cov uas tsis nyob hauv kev sib raug zoo yuav siv cybersex los ua kom lawv xav tau kev sib deev thiab them nyiaj rau lawv vim tsis muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib deev (Ballester-Arnal li al., 2014)). Cov lus piav qhia no tseem zoo ib yam nrog qhov pom tias qhia tias tsis muaj kev sib deev (piv txwv li ib qho) hauv 12 lub hlis dhau los tau cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam CU ntau dua. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, qhia tsis muaj kev sib deev thiab tsis yog nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo yuav tsis muaj teeb meem, vim tias tsis muaj kev koom tes tseem ceeb tau pom nrog PCU. Ntxiv mus, raws li qhia yav tas los (Braun-Courville & Rojas, 2009; Daneback li al., 2005), cov tib neeg uas tshaj tawm txog ntau tus neeg sib deev (piv txwv li ib tus) tau siv cybersex ntau dua thiab siv nws ntau zaus. Cov tshaj tawm plaub lossis ntau dua cov neeg sib deev tseem pom zoo ntau dua 20% tshaj PCU cov lus. Lub koom haum ntawm cov sib txawv ntawm no tau yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm txhua tus twv twv yuav raug kuaj. Raws li tau thov los ntawm Daneback li al. (2005), qhov no qhia tias cov neeg uas muaj kev txaus siab siab siab rau txhua yam kev sib deev feem ntau nyiam ua kev sib tham hauv cybersex thiab kom muaj kev sib deev nrog ntau tus hauv lub neej tiag tiag.
Cov koom haum ntawm kev sib deev sib deev kuj yog cov loj tshaj plaws pom hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no. Qhia txog poj niam nyiam txiv neej los sis ob hom (piv txwv li cov neeg tsis nyiam poj niam txiv neej) tau muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog CU thiab FCU - qhov kev tshawb pom zoo sib xws nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los (piv txwv, Daneback li al., 2005; Giordano & Cashwell, 2017; Peter & Valkenburg, 2011; Træen li al., 2006)). Txij li cov neeg tsis yog neeg sib deev tej zaum yuav raug rau qhov tsis taus ntawm kev sib luag (Taus, 2006), lawv kuj tseem yuav raug siv cybersex ntau dua vim tias nws muab ntau txoj hauv kev los nrhiav cov khub ntau dua li qhov muaj lub neej tiag tiag (Benotsch, Kalichman, & tawb, 2002; Clemens, Atkin, & Krishnan, 2015; Qib, Grov, Royce, & Gillespie, 2008)). Qhov kev tshawb pom no tseem yuav cuam tshuam txog qhov qhib ntau dua ntawm cov neeg nyiam txiv neej thiab poj niam sib txawv los tsawg dua li hom kev sib deev, xws li cybersex (Daneback li al., 2005) thiab lawv qhov kev pheej hmoo siab yuav ua rau muaj tus cwj pwm coj zoo (Bőthe et al., 2018)). Qhov tsis yog heterosexual kev coj ua kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev pom zoo ntawm ntau cov PCU cov lus, tab sis qhov no tsuas yog tseem ceeb rau cov neeg bisexual. Cov tib neeg tsis yog poj niam nyiam txiv neej (King et al., 2008), tshwj xeeb cov uas muaj bisexual orientation (Gonzales, Przedworski, & Henning-Smith, 2016; Loi, Lea, & Howard, 2017), feem ntau yog nquag qhia ntau yam teeb meem kev mob hlwb, suav nrog kev quav ntxiv, dua li cov tib neeg sib deev. Yog li, ntawm cov tib neeg uas muaj kev paub txog bisexual, PCU yuav yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev siv cybersex los daws cov kev ntxhov siab thiab kev xav tsis zoo uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib raug zoo. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias kev siv zog los tsim kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas lub hom phiaj thiab ua kom haum rau cov tib neeg ntawm kev nyiam sib bisexual yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Cov kev tshawb pom txog cov koom haum ua ke ntawm ntau yam kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab CU, FCU, thiab PCU tau ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm Grubbs, Wright, li al. (2019) uas cybersex siv rau ob qhov laj thawj loj: kev txaus siab thiab tswj lub siab. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, cov koom haum ua tau zoo ntawm kev nrhiav pom zoo thiab CU, FCU, thiab PCU tau nyob nrog txoj kev tshawb pom dhau los (Beyens, Vandenbosch, & Eggermont, 2015; Cooper li al., 2000; Peter & Valkenburg, 2011)). Qhov no txhawb cov kev xav hais tias qhov kev tshawb nrhiav qhov xav tau yuav xav tau cov tib neeg rau CU rau kev lom zem, tab sis kuj rau PCU. Txij li cov neeg nkag siab lub siab xav tau qib siab ntawm kev sim siab mus cuag lawv qib siab ntawm arousal (Zuckerman, 1994), kev cuam tshuam muab cov kev pab cuam sib txawv ntawm kev txhawb nqa, kev txhawb nqa kom ntxim siab, lwm cov haujlwm rau CU kuj yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tiv thaiv PCU ntawm cov muaj siab xav nrhiav.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, txhua qhov kev daws teebmeem tsis zoo tau cuam tshuam zoo rau CU, FCU (txawm hais tias tsis tseem ceeb rau qhov tsis kam lees), thiab PCU. Qhov kev pom pom no tau ua raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Laier thiab Brand (2014), qhia tias siv kev sib deev los tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tsis nyiam cov xeev thiab kev ntxhov siab yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho thiab kho PCU. Txoj kev tshawb no txuas ntxiv qhov kev tshawb pom no mus rau lwm qhov kev ua daws teebmeem, raws li yav tas los qhia los ntawm Antons et al. (2019)). Ntxiv mus, cov koom ua ke sib raug zoo ntawm qhov kev ua phem ility kev ua yeeb ncuab (tus cwj pwm kev sib luag yuav luag qhov thim rov qab ntawm kev pom zoo) thiab neuroticism – kev ntxhov siab thiab CU, FCU, thiab PCU yog nyob rau hauv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb dhau los qhia cybersex qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo nrog kev pom zoo (Beutel li al., 2017) thiab cov koom haum ua hauj lwm zoo nrog cov neuroticism (Egan & Parmar, 2013; Shimoni li al., 2018)). Txij li ob lub neuroticism – kev ntxhov siab thiab kev ua phem – kev ua phem yog ib feem ntawm kev ua kom loj dua qub, hu ua kev xav tsis zoo (Zuckerman, 2002), qhov kev tshawb pom no qhia tau tias cov cwj pwm no tuaj yeem ua ib tus neeg rau CU rau kev tswj hwm lub siab ntsws, tab sis kuj rau PCU. Cov kev cuam tshuam xws li txo qis kev ntxhov siab, muab lwm txoj hauv kev los daws kev siv cybersex, thiab tsim kev ntseeg tus kheej dhau los ntawm kev kawm paub txog lub neej yuav yog qhov zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv PCU ntawm cov neeg uas siv cybersex rau lub hom phiaj tswj kev xav.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov koom haum ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tau pom ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog kev coj ncaj ncees thiab CU, FCU, thiab PCU. Qhov kev pom pom no yog ua raws li cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev ua tsis tau (tus xeeb ceem cwj pwm ze rau kev sib raug zoo; saib Zuckerman, 2002) thiab deev (tsis hais txog hauv Is Taws Nem) pom los ntawm Egan thiab Parmar (2013)). Txawm li cas los xij, nws cuam tshuam nrog cov koom haum tsis tseem ceeb uas tau pom los ntawm Shimoni et al. (2018) thiab nrog kev sib raug zoo tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tsis tau cai thiab CU pom ntawm Beutel li al. (2017)). Cov kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv yog xav tau kom nkag siab zoo ntxiv cov koom haum ua ke ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab CU thiab PCU.
Txoj kev tshawb no muaj qee qhov kev txwv. Tus qauv hla ntu tsis tau pab peb kom muaj kev sib raug zoo lossis kev pom zoo. Cov qauv ua los ntawm cov tub hluas hluas tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm qhov pom dav dav ntawm qhov tshawb pom ntawm cov poj niam thiab lwm pawg hnub nyoog tsis yooj yim sua. Ntau nplai pom tias muaj kev ntseeg siab pes tsawg (.60 <α <.70; Robinson, Shaver, & Wrightsman, 1991), thiab kev cia siab rau ntawm Tus Kheej-Tus Kheej Dysfunctional Coping Scale tau qes dua. Ntxiv mus, cov koom haum ua haujlwm tseem ceeb tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiaj ntsig me me (Olivier, Tsib Hlis, & Tswb, 2017)). Thaum kawg, kev siv cov ntsuas tus kheej tshaj tawm yuav qhia qee qhov kev tsis ncaj ncees, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muab qhov rhiab ntawm cov lus nug txog CU. Cov kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv uas siv cov qauv ntev ntev, kuj suav nrog cov maum, xav txog tag nrho kev muaj sia yuav tsum muaj los txhawm rau qhov kev tshawb pom. Ntxiv mus, kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yog xav tau los tshawb xyuas cov koom haum CU thiab PCU nrog cov txiaj ntsig kev mob hlwb, kev siv tshuaj yeeb dej caw, thiab lwm yam kev tiv thaiv kev coj ua.
cov lus xaus
Txoj kev tshawb fawb no qhia tias CU thiab PCU yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab pom kev ntawm lawv cov koom haum nrog ntau yam sib txawv uas npog nrog cov xwm txheej hauv zej zog, kev sib deev, thiab lub siab ntsws. Cov kev tshawb pom yuav siv tau los txhais cov pab pawg ntawm cov tib neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm PCU - piv txwv li, cov neeg uas qhia txog kev nyiam sib deev, tsis yog nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo lossis qhia ntau tus khub kev sib deev hauv 12 lub hlis dhau los - uas yuav yog lub hom phiaj hauv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Cov kws kho mob tau pom zoo kom txiav txim siab rau cov kev xav thiab tej zaum kho lawv cov kev kho mob los ntawm kev koom ua ke nrog kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb uas ua tau raws li lawv cov neeg mob xav tau. Piv txwv li, cov neeg mob nthuav tawm PCU, siv lub tswv yim daws teeb meem thiab ua rau cov neuroticism thiab kev ntxhov siab, tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev cuam tshuam tsom mus rau kev txhim kho ntau txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm kom daws tau cov kev ntxhov siab thiab kev cuam tshuam uas tsis zoo dua li siv cybersex. Hauv kev sib piv, cov neeg mob predisposed mus rau qhov kev xav tau siab nrhiav yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev cuam tshuam tsom mus rau kev tsim lwm yam kev pab cuam ntawm kev txhawb nqa rau CU.
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